Transmission line, transmission line assembly, antenna, and base station

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a transmission line, a transmission line assembly, an antenna, and a base station. The transmission line comprises a first line segment unit and a second line segment unit; the first line segment unit comprises a first inner conductor and a first outer conductor, and the first inner conductor and the first outer conductor are insulated; the second line segment unit comprises a second inner conductor and a second outer conductor, and the second inner conductor and the second outer conductor are insulated; and the first inner conductor is configured for rotatable connection to the second inner conductor, and the first outer conductor is configured for rotatable connection to the second outer conductor. The inner conductors and the outer conductors of the first line segment unit and the second line segment unit can be respectively rotatably connected, so that the first line segment unit and the second line segment unit can rotate relative to each other, thereby realizing bending of the transmission line.

Description

Transmission lines, transmission line assemblies, antennas and base stations

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411555300.6, filed on November 1, 2024, entitled "Transmission Line, Transmission Line Assembly, Antenna and Base Station", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a transmission line, a transmission line assembly, an antenna, and a base station. Background Technology

[0004] Antennas play a crucial role in modern communications, and in some applications, they require mechanical position adjustment. This mechanical position adjustment includes mechanical rotation in both two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional space.

[0005] During antenna position adjustment, the antenna transmission line will bend or twist, which places higher performance requirements on the transmission line, requiring it to accurately transmit signals while ensuring structural reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a transmission line, a transmission line assembly, an antenna, and a base station that meet the requirements of antenna mechanical movement.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a transmission line that can be used in signal transmission in an antenna system or a radio frequency circuit system. During the mechanical movement of the antenna, the transmission line can bend as the antenna moves. The transmission line includes a first segment unit and a second segment unit; the first segment unit includes a first inner conductor and a first outer conductor, which are insulated from each other; the second segment unit includes a second inner conductor and a second outer conductor, which are also insulated from each other; the first inner conductor is rotatably connected to the second inner conductor, and the first outer conductor is rotatably connected to the second outer conductor.

[0008] In the aforementioned transmission line, the inner and outer conductors of the first and second segment units can be rotatably connected, allowing the first and second segment units to rotate relative to each other in a two-dimensional plane and three-dimensional space. This enables the transmission line to bend, resulting in low loss and improved reliability after multiple bends. Specifically, different transmission line structures can meet different application scenarios, demonstrating strong adaptability.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the transmission line includes a rotating shaft. A first inner conductor and a second inner conductor are respectively connected to the rotating shaft and are rotatable about the axis of the rotating shaft. A first outer conductor and a second outer conductor are also connected to the rotating shaft and are rotatable about the axis of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to two line segment units through shaft holes, allowing the two line segment units to rotate relative to each other. The connection structure is simple and reliable.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a support member is provided between the first inner conductor and the second outer conductor, and / or, a support member is provided between the second inner conductor and the first outer conductor. The support member can serve as insulation support and can also ensure the gaps between the structures and the structural stability.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the orthographic projections of the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation at least partially overlap; similarly, the orthographic projections of the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation at least partially overlap. Between two connected line segment units, the two inner conductors are electrically connected via a surface, and the two outer conductors are electrically connected via a surface, resulting in a more stable and reliable connection.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a first outer conductor forms a plurality of first receiving cavities, which are spaced apart axially along a rotation axis; a first inner conductor includes a plurality of first inner cores, which are correspondingly housed within the plurality of first receiving cavities; a second outer conductor forms a plurality of second receiving cavities, which are spaced apart axially along a rotation axis; a second inner conductor includes a plurality of second inner cores, which are correspondingly housed within the plurality of second receiving cavities; the plurality of first inner cores and the plurality of second inner cores are respectively connected to the rotation axis and are rotatable about the axis of the rotation axis, and are electrically connected correspondingly to each other. The outer conductors can be formed into a plurality of receiving cavities for accommodating the inner cores by means of stamping, sheet metal, etc. This transmission line can realize multi-channel signal transmission and improve signal transmission efficiency.

[0013] In one possible implementation, each first receiving cavity has an opening, and each second receiving cavity has an opening, the opening direction of the first receiving cavity being perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation shaft, and the opening direction of the second receiving cavity being perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation shaft. The openings of the receiving cavities can be used to assemble multiple inner cores, and also to facilitate the assembly of two line segment units.

[0014] In one possible implementation, multiple receiving cavities have openings facing the same direction. The outer conductor has a comb-like cross-section, and all inner cores are assembled to the outer conductor from the same direction.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the openings of two adjacent receiving cavities are oriented in opposite directions along the axial direction of the rotation axis. The outer conductor has a serpentine cross-section, allowing the inner core to be assembled to the outer conductor from two opposing directions.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the transmission line includes a transition inner conductor, a first inner conductor rotatably connected to one end of the transition inner conductor, and a second inner conductor rotatably connected to the other end of the transition inner conductor. The transition inner conductor can separate the two inner conductors by a certain distance along its extension direction, so that the planes in which the two inner conductors rotate relative to each other are at a certain distance, thereby changing the extension direction of the transmission line.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the transition inner conductor is directly rotatably connected to either inner conductor, and the transition inner conductor can function as a rotation axis, thereby enabling relative rotation between the two inner conductors. Alternatively, the transmission line includes a rotation axis, with the first inner conductor, the second inner conductor, and the transition inner conductor each connected to and rotatable about the axis of the rotation axis.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first outer conductor is at least partially fitted over the second outer conductor. The two outer conductors can be electrically connected in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Alternatively, the first and second outer conductors are opposite each other in the direction of rotation, and the two outer conductors can be electrically connected in the direction of rotation.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the transmission line includes a transition outer conductor, a first outer conductor rotatably connected to one end of the transition outer conductor, and a second outer conductor rotatably connected to the other end of the transition outer conductor. The transition outer conductor can separate the two outer conductors by a certain distance along its extension direction, so that the planes in which the two outer conductors rotate relative to each other are at a certain distance, thereby changing the extension direction of the transmission line.

[0020] In one possible implementation, along the length of the first line segment unit, both ends of the first inner conductor include a first inner coupling surface, and both ends of the first outer conductor include a first outer coupling surface; along the length of the second line segment unit, both ends of the second inner conductor include a second inner coupling surface, and both ends of the second outer conductor include a second outer coupling surface; one first inner coupling surface of the first inner conductor is used for electrical coupling with one second inner coupling surface of the second inner conductor, and one outer coupling surface of the first outer conductor is used for electrical coupling with one second outer coupling surface of the second outer conductor. The two inner conductors are electrically connected via inner coupling surfaces, and the two outer conductors are electrically connected via outer coupling surfaces, resulting in a more reliable connection, improved signal reception sensitivity, and reduced effects of distributed capacitance and leakage resistance.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the two first inner coupling surfaces of the first inner conductor are parallel, and the two first outer coupling surfaces of the first outer conductor are parallel; the two second inner coupling surfaces of the second inner conductor are parallel, and the two second outer coupling surfaces of the second outer conductor are parallel. The inner coupling surface of each line segment unit can be approximately parallel to the outer coupling surface. After two line segment units are connected, two-dimensional planar rotation can be achieved within a plane parallel to the coupling surface.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the two first inner coupling surfaces of the first inner conductor are arranged at an angle, and the two first outer coupling surfaces of the first outer conductor are arranged at an angle, with the angle between the two first inner coupling surfaces being the same as the angle between the two first outer coupling surfaces; similarly, the two second inner coupling surfaces of the second inner conductor and the two second outer coupling surfaces of the second outer conductor are arranged at an angle, with the angle between the two second inner coupling surfaces being the same as the angle between the two second outer coupling surfaces. After the two line segment units are connected, three-dimensional rotation can be achieved.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first outer conductor includes a middle section and two end sections connected to the two ends of the middle section; the first inner conductor includes a middle section and two end sections connected to the two ends of the middle section; the second outer conductor includes a middle section and two end sections connected to the two ends of the middle section; the second inner conductor includes a middle section and two end sections connected to the two ends of the middle section; the first inner conductor end section is rotatably connected to the second inner conductor end section, and the first outer conductor end section is rotatably connected to the second outer conductor end section. The two end sections of the outer conductor can be connected to the outer conductors of two line segment units respectively, and the two end sections of the inner conductor can be connected to the inner conductors of two line segment units respectively. Therefore, the transmission line can include multiple end-to-end line segment units, thereby achieving multi-angle and multi-directional bending.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first outer conductor includes two opposing first side plates, and a first inner conductor is spaced between the two first side plates, with the same end of the two side plates forming the end of the first outer conductor; the second outer conductor includes two opposing second side plates, and a second inner conductor is spaced between the two second side plates, with the same end of the two side plates forming the end of the second outer conductor. The two side plates can provide double-sided protection for the inner conductor.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the first outer conductor includes a first connecting plate connected between two first side plates, with both ends of each first side plate protruding beyond the ends of the first connecting plate; the second outer conductor includes a second connecting plate connected between two second side plates, with both ends of each second side plate protruding beyond the ends of the second connecting plate. The connecting plate and the two side plates enclose a space that can accommodate the inner conductor. The connecting plate is shorter than the side plates, so that when the two line segment units rotate relative to each other, the connecting plate does not affect the connection at the ends of the two side plates.

[0026] In one possible implementation, a first inner conductor forms a first spherical sleeve, and a second inner conductor forms a first spherical end, the first spherical end being rotatably housed within the first spherical sleeve; a first outer conductor forms a second spherical sleeve, and a second outer conductor forms a second spherical end, the second spherical end being rotatably housed within the second spherical sleeve; the first spherical end, the first spherical sleeve, the second spherical end, and the second spherical sleeve share a common center. Two line segment units can be rotatably connected through their own structures; a ball bearing-type connection method can achieve multi-angle, multi-directional rotatable connections similar to a universal joint structure.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the first spherical sleeve has a first mounting port and a first notch. The first mounting port is for a first spherical end to extend into the first spherical sleeve, and the first notch penetrates the inner and outer surfaces of the first spherical sleeve and communicates with the first mounting port. The second spherical sleeve has a second mounting port and a second notch. The second mounting port is for a second spherical end to extend into the second spherical sleeve, and the second notch penetrates the inner and outer surfaces of the second spherical sleeve and communicates with the second mounting port. The radial dimension of the mounting port is generally slightly smaller than the radial dimension of the spherical end accommodated by the spherical sleeve to prevent the spherical end from falling out, and the notch can provide a certain structural deformation for the assembly of the spherical end.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the surface of the first inner conductor used to connect to the second inner conductor is provided with an insulating structure, and / or the surface of the second inner conductor used to connect to the first inner conductor is provided with an insulating structure. The surface of the first outer conductor used to connect to the second outer conductor is provided with an insulating structure, and / or the surface of the second outer conductor used to connect to the first outer conductor is provided with an insulating structure. The insulating structure prevents direct contact between the two conductors from causing passive intermodulation (PIM) problems. The insulating structure includes at least one of an insulating pad and an insulating coating.

[0029] In one possible implementation, a first support is provided between the first inner conductor and the first outer conductor, and a second support is provided between the second inner conductor and the second outer conductor. Providing a support between the inner and outer conductors of the same line segment unit can prevent short circuits between the inner and outer conductors.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the first inner conductor has conductive stubs electrically connected to the first outer conductor; or, the second inner conductor has conductive stubs electrically connected to the second outer conductor. The conductive stubs can short-circuit the inner and outer conductors to meet specific application requirements.

[0031] Secondly, this application provides a transmission line assembly, which includes multiple transmission lines of any of the types provided in the first aspect. The multiple transmission lines are arranged side by side along a connection direction perpendicular to the first line segment unit and the second line segment unit, thereby realizing multi-channel signal transmission of the transmission lines.

[0032] Thirdly, this application provides an antenna, which includes a radiating element and an antenna connector. The radiating element and the antenna connector are electrically connected via any of the transmission lines provided in the first aspect, or the radiating element and the antenna connector are electrically connected via any of the transmission line assemblies provided in the second aspect. This transmission line can be bent with the mechanical rotation of the radiating element and has a high bending range and reliability, thus meeting the mechanical position adjustment requirements of the antenna.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the first line segment unit is connected to the antenna connector, and the first inner conductor is provided with conductive stubs that are electrically connected to the first outer conductor, which can realize the lightning protection function of the antenna.

[0034] Fourthly, this application provides a base station, which includes an antenna, and the antenna is any of the antennas provided in the third aspect above.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the base station includes a baseband unit (BBU) and a remote radio unit (RRU), with the BBU connected to the antenna's feed network via the RRU. The base station's antenna can be mechanically adjusted to accommodate a wider range of radiation scenarios.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the radio frequency processing unit and the antenna are integrated into one unit, thereby forming an active antenna unit (AAU). Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the base station provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a base station provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 4b is a schematic diagram of a line segment unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4c is a partial structural diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application, showing the rotating connection of two line segment units.

[0043] Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of the structure of two inner conductors of a transmission line coupled and electrically connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission line with two outer conductors coupled and electrically connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 6a is a partial structural diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application, showing the rotating connection of two line segment units.

[0046] Figure 6b is a partial structural diagram of a transmission line with multiple line segment units rotating and connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 is a partial structural diagram of a transmission line with two line segment units rotating and connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 9a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a line segment unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 9b is a simplified structural diagram of a line segment unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10a is a partial structural diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application, showing the rotating connection of two line segment units.

[0052] Figure 10b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission line with two line segment units rotating and connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a line segment unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 12a is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 12b is a magnified view of the details at point A1 in Figure 12a;

[0056] Figure 13a is a partial cross-sectional view of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 13b is a partial cross-sectional view of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 14a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a segment unit structure of a transmission line according to an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 14b is a magnified view of the details at point A2 in Figure 14a;

[0060] Figure 14c is a simplified cross-sectional view of the connection between two line segment units of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 15a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a segment unit structure of a transmission line according to an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 15b is a simplified cross-sectional view of the connection between two line segment units of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inner conductor of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 17a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a line segment unit of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 17b is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 18a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a line segment unit of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 18b is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 19a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a line segment unit of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 19b is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 20a is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 20b is a partial exploded view of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 21a is a schematic diagram of the structure of a line segment unit of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 21b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission line with two line segment units rotating and connected according to an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 22a is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission line with two segment units rotating together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 22b is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission line with two segment units rotated together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 23a is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission line with two line segment units rotating together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 23b is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission line with two segment units rotated together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 24a is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission line with two segment units rotated together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 24b is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a transmission line with two line segment units rotated together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 25a is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission line with two line segment units rotating together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 25b is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission line with two segment units rotated together according to an embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 26a is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 26b is a partial exploded view of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 27a is a schematic diagram of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 27b is a partial exploded view of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a line segment unit of a transmission line provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 29 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0088] Reference numerals: 100, Antenna; 101, Radome; 102, Radiating element; 103, Reflector; 104, Adjustment unit; 105, Phase shifter; 106, Connecting cable; 107, Antenna connector; 200, Mounting bracket; 300, Antenna adjustment bracket; 400, Radio frequency processing unit; 500, Baseband processing unit; 600, Cable; 700, Grounding device; 10. Transmission line; 1. Segment unit; 1a. First segment unit; 1b. Second segment unit; 1c. Third segment unit; 1d. Fourth segment unit; 11. Inner conductor; 11a. First inner conductor; 11b. Second inner conductor; 11c. Third inner conductor; 11d. Fourth inner conductor; 1101. Middle section of inner conductor; 1101a. Middle section of first inner conductor; 1101b. Middle section of second inner conductor; 1102. End of inner conductor; 1102a. End of first inner conductor; 1102b. End of second inner conductor; 111. Inner core; 111a. First inner core; 111b. Second inner core; 12. Outer conductor; 12a. First outer conductor; 12b. Second outer conductor; 1 2c. Third outer conductor; 12d. Fourth outer conductor; 121. Side plate; 121a. First side plate; 121b. Second side plate; 122. Connecting plate; 122a. First connecting plate; 122b. Second connecting plate; 1201. Middle section of outer conductor; 1202. End of outer conductor; 2. Joint assembly; 2a. First joint assembly; 2b. Second joint assembly; 21. Rotating shaft; 21a. First rotating shaft; 21b. Second rotating shaft; 22. Locking member; 23. Support member; 23a. First support member; 23b. Second support member; 3. Insulating pad; 4. Adapter unit; 41. Adapter inner conductor; 42. Adapter outer conductor; 51. First support body; 52. Second support body. Detailed Implementation

[0089] Adjusting the antenna position requires bending or twisting the transmission line, placing higher demands on its performance. Traditional coaxial cables suffer from reliability issues after repeated bending, while flexible cables capable of bending and twisting have low power capacity and high loss, failing to meet the antenna's signal transmission requirements.

[0090] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a transmission line, an antenna, and a base station. The transmission line can be bent by relative rotation, which meets the requirement of bending the transmission line for the mechanical movement of the antenna.

[0091] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0092] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0093] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0094] Figure 1 illustrates an application scenario of a base station provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the application scenario may include a base station and a terminal. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station and the terminal. The base station may be located in a base station bubsystem (BBS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage for wireless signals to enable communication between the terminal device and the wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Node B (NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an Evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the base station can also be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, or a g node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc. The embodiments in this application are not limited to this.

[0095] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a base station structure provided in an embodiment of this application. A base station typically includes an antenna 100, a mounting frame 200, an antenna adjustment bracket 300, and other structures. The antenna 100 of the base station includes an radome 101, which has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the influence of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thereby protecting the antenna 100 from external environmental influences. The antenna 100 can be mounted on the mounting frame 200 via the antenna adjustment bracket 300 to facilitate signal reception or transmission. The base station may also include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 400 and a baseband processing unit 500. For example, the RF processing unit 400 can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 100, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the baseband processing unit 500. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 400 can be used to up-convert and amplify the IF signal from the baseband processing unit 500 or the IF signal, converting it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 100 for transmission. The baseband processing unit 500 can be connected to the feed network of the antenna 100 via the radio frequency processing unit 400. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 400 may also be referred to as a radio frequency remote unit, or it may be a radio frequency module in an active antenna unit (AAU), and the baseband processing unit 500 may also be referred to as a baseband unit.

[0096] In one possible embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the radio frequency processing unit 400 may be integrally disposed with the antenna 100, and the baseband processing unit 500 may be located at the far end of the antenna 100. In other embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 400 and the baseband processing unit 500 may also be located at the far end of the antenna 100 simultaneously. The radio frequency processing unit 400 and the baseband processing unit 500 may be connected via a cable 600. A grounding device 700 may be provided between the baseband processing unit 500 and the cable 600, and the grounding device 700 generally includes a grounding electrode buried underground. A seal may be provided at the connection between the antenna 100 and the cable 600, and a seal may also be provided at the connection between the grounding device 700 and the cable 600. The seal may specifically include at least one of insulating sealing tape and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulating tape; of course, the seal may also have other structures and is not limited to the form of tape.

[0097] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to a possible embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the base station antenna 100 may include a radiating element 102 and a reflector 103. The radiating element 102, also known as an antenna vibrator, can effectively transmit or receive antenna signals. In the antenna 100, the frequencies of different radiating elements 102 can be the same or different. The reflector 103, also known as a base plate, antenna panel, or reflective surface, can be made of metal. When the antenna 100 receives a signal, the reflector 103 can reflect the antenna signal to the target coverage area. When the antenna 100 transmits a signal, the reflector 103 can reflect and transmit the signal incident on it. The radiating element 102 is usually placed on one side of the reflector 103, which not only greatly enhances the signal receiving or transmitting capability of the antenna 100, but also blocks and shields other electromagnetic waves from the back of the reflector 103 (in this application, the back of the reflector 103 refers to the side of the reflector 103 opposite to where the radiating element 102 is placed) from interfering with the antenna signal reception.

[0098] The antenna is connected to the aforementioned radio frequency processing unit 400 via an antenna connector 107 located outside the radome 101. In the antenna 100, a feed network is provided between the radiating element 102 and the antenna connector 107. The feed network can provide specific power and phase to the radiating element 102. As shown in Figure 3, the feed network may include an adjustment unit 104 and a phase shifter 105. The phase shifter 105 is used to change the maximum direction of signal radiation. By adjusting the corresponding radiating element 102 via the phase shifter 105, the electrical downtilt angle of the radiated signal of each radiating element 102 can be changed, thereby changing the radiation direction of each radiating element 102 to meet signal coverage requirements. The adjustment unit 104 is used to achieve different radiation beam directions, and specifically may include a transmission structure and a calibration network. The transmission structure can drive the phase shifter 105 to change the direction of different radiation beams. The calibration network sends calibration signals to the transmission structure to control its operation. The phase shifter 105 and the antenna connector 107 are connected via a connecting line 106 to transmit radio frequency signals.

[0099] With the evolution of antennas, mechanical rotation is required in some scenarios. Based on this, this application provides a transmission line 10 that can be freely adjusted in a two-dimensional plane or three-dimensional space. Applying this transmission line 10 as the connecting line 106 in the antenna 100 shown in Figure 3 can meet the mechanical movement requirements of the antenna 100. When the antenna 100 performs mechanical movements, the transmission line 10 can bend accordingly while maintaining good signal transmission performance. It can be considered that the application of this transmission line 10 in the antenna 100 can replace air-insulated copper pipes, profiled main feed cavities, cables, and other solutions that can be used as antenna main feeds.

[0100] As shown in Figure 4a, the transmission line 10 includes at least two line segment units 1, which can be connected end-to-end to form the transmission line 10. Any two line segment units 1 can rotate relative to each other to achieve bending of the transmission line 10. For example, Figure 4a shows a transmission line 10 formed by connecting three line segment units 1 end-to-end. As shown in Figure 4a, each line segment unit 1 includes an inner conductor 11 and an outer conductor 12, which are insulated from each other. The inner conductor 11 and outer conductor 12 are shown as parallel planar lines. The inner conductor 11 and outer conductor 12 can be used to transmit electrical signals, and their structural forms are not limited. To achieve transmission between two connected line segment units 1, the transmission line 10 also includes multiple joint components 2, which can rotatably connect any two connected line segment units 1. The joint component 2 exemplarily includes a rotating shaft 21, a locking member 22, and a support member 23. The inner conductor 11 and outer conductor 12 of two connected line segment units 1 are arranged in the same direction. One end of the rotating shaft 21 passes through the two line segment units 1 in sequence and is locked and fixed with the locking member 22. A support member 23 can be provided between adjacent inner conductors 11 and outer conductors 12 to maintain distance and achieve insulation. The material of the support member 23 can be rubber, spring, etc. Alternatively, the support member 23 can also be a plastic part, which can play an elastic support role by means of the structural deformation of the plastic part itself. For example, the support member 23 here is ring-shaped and sleeved on the rotating shaft 21.

[0101] Specifically, the electrical connection methods between conductors include coupling electrical connection and contact electrical connection. Coupling electrical connection refers to the electrical connection between two connected conductors without contact, achieved through capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, resistive coupling, etc. In a transmission line 10 provided in this application, the two inner conductors 11 of two connected line segment units 1 are structurally rotatably connected by a joint assembly 2, and the two inner conductors 11 are electrically coupled to each other. Similarly, the two outer conductors 12 of two connected line segment units 1 are structurally rotatably connected by a joint assembly 2, and the two outer conductors 12 are electrically coupled to each other. The transmission line 10 exemplified in Figure 4a includes three line segment units 1, correspondingly configured with two joint assemblies 2. Any two connected line segment units 1 are connected through a joint assembly 2. The inner conductors 11 and outer conductors 12 can be metal strips or other structural forms of connecting wires.

[0102] As shown in Figure 4b, in each line segment unit 1, along the length direction of the line segment unit 1, the inner conductor 11 may include an inner conductor middle section 1101 and inner conductor ends 1102 located at both ends of the inner conductor middle section 1101, and the outer conductor 12 may include an outer conductor middle section 1201 and outer conductor ends 1202 located at both ends of the outer conductor middle section 1201. One inner conductor end 1102 of the inner conductor 11 is used to cooperate with one outer conductor end 1202 of the outer conductor 12 to connect to another line segment unit 1, and the other inner conductor end 1102 of the inner conductor 11 is used to cooperate with the other outer conductor end 1202 of the outer conductor 12 to connect to yet another line segment unit 1. Both outer conductor ends 1202 and both inner conductor ends 1102 are provided with through holes G for the rotation shaft 21 of the joint assembly 2 to pass through, and the through holes G are circular. When the rotating shaft 21 passes through a through hole G in the inner conductor 11 and a through hole G in the outer conductor 12, the inner conductor 11 can rotate around the rotating shaft 21, and the outer conductor 12 can also rotate around the rotating shaft 21, allowing relative rotation between the inner conductor 11 and the outer conductor 12. In one possible implementation, the rotating shaft 21 can be made of an insulating material to prevent the two conductors rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 21 from being electrically connected through the rotating shaft 21. Alternatively, the part of the rotating shaft 21 that contacts the conductor can be made of insulating material to prevent the rotating shaft 21 from being electrically connected to the conductor, thereby preventing the two conductors rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 21 from being electrically connected through the rotating shaft 21. The inner diameter of the through hole G can be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 21 to facilitate a shaft-hole rotational fit between the rotating shaft 21 and the through hole G. To facilitate rotational connection with other line segment units 1, the ends 1202 of the two outer conductors and the end 1102 of the inner conductor can be set as arc-shaped, with the surface of the arc perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole G. For example, the inner conductor 11 is in the shape of a strip, and the outer conductor 12 is in the shape of a plate, with the inner conductor 11 and the outer conductor 12 parallel to each other. The inner conductor 11 and the outer conductor 12 are insulated from each other.

[0103] Figure 4c illustrates a partial structural diagram of the rotatable connection between the ends of two line segment units 1 shown in Figure 4a. As shown in Figure 4c, exemplarily, the two line segment units 1 are a first line segment unit 1a and a second line segment unit 1b, with one end of the first line segment unit 1a and one end of the second line segment unit 1b rotatably connected by a joint assembly 2. The first line segment unit 1a includes a first inner conductor 11a and a first outer conductor 12a, and the second line segment unit 1b includes a second inner conductor 11b and a second outer conductor 12b. The first outer conductor end 1202a of the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor end 1202b of the second outer conductor 12b are arranged adjacent to each other and rotatably connected by a rotation shaft 21. The first outer conductor end 1202a is rotatable about the rotation shaft 21 and is relatively insulated from each other, as is the second outer conductor end 1202b. Along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, the first outer conductor end 1202a and the second outer conductor end 1202b do not contact each other. The surface of the first outer conductor end 1202a facing the second outer conductor end 1202b and the surface of the second outer conductor end 1202b facing the first outer conductor end 1202a are electrically connected by capacitive coupling. Similarly, the first inner conductor end 1102a of the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor end 1102b of the second inner conductor 11b are arranged adjacent to each other and rotatably connected by the rotation shaft 21. The first inner conductor end 1102a can rotate around the rotation shaft 21 and is relatively insulated from each other. The second inner conductor end 1102b can rotate around the rotation shaft 21 and is relatively insulated from each other. Along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, the first inner conductor end 1102a and the second inner conductor end 1102b do not contact each other. The part of the surface of the first inner conductor end 1102a facing the second inner conductor end 1102b and the surface of the second inner conductor end 1102b facing the first inner conductor end 1102a are electrically connected by capacitive coupling.

[0104] Referring to the structure shown in Figure 4c, one end of the rotating shaft 21 passes sequentially through the second inner conductor end 1102b, the first inner conductor end 1102a, the first outer conductor end 1202a, and the second outer conductor end 1202b before being locked and fixed with the locking member 22. The second inner conductor end 1102b, the first inner conductor end 1102a, the first outer conductor end 1202a, and the second outer conductor end 1202b are arranged alternately along the axis Q of the rotating shaft 21. Their arrangement order is only for example and is not limited to the order shown in Figure 4c. The second inner conductor end 1102b, the first inner conductor end 1102a, the first outer conductor end 1202a, and the second outer conductor end 1202b are all rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 21 by means of shaft hole fitting. The part of the rotating shaft 21 that is blocked is indicated by dashed lines. It can be assumed that the rotation centers of each first side plate 121a and each second side plate 121b are collinear with the axis Q of the rotating shaft 21, allowing for process and assembly errors between structures. In some embodiments, the rotating shaft 21 can be a bolt, and the locking member 22 can be a nut. The head of the bolt, which serves as the rotating shaft 21, is located on the side of the second inner conductor end 1102b away from the first inner conductor end 1102a. The bolt shank passes sequentially through the second inner conductor end 1102b, the first inner conductor end 1102a, the first outer conductor end 1202a, and the second outer conductor end 1202b before being threadedly connected to the nut, which serves as the locking member 22, for fixation. The nut can be flush with the end of the bolt shank, reducing the axial dimension of the joint assembly 2 and also reducing the dimension of the transmission line 10 perpendicular to the extension direction. Of course, the rotating shaft 21 can also be a rod-shaped bolt that needs to be locked at both ends. The rotating shaft 21 may also be a straight rod. The two ends of the straight rod can be fixed by a locking structure that passes through the rotating shaft 21 radially, as long as it can prevent the two line segment units 1 from coming off and separating along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first outer conductor end 1202a and the second outer conductor end 1202b do not contact each other along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, thus avoiding passive intermodulation problems caused by direct contact between them. The electrical signal connection between the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b is achieved through capacitive coupling between the first outer conductor end 1202a and the second outer conductor end 1202b. Similarly, the second inner conductor end 1102b and the first inner conductor end 1102a do not contact each other directly and are electrically connected through capacitive coupling. To avoid direct contact between the two capacitively coupled conductors, the first outer conductor end 1202a and the second outer conductor end 1202b are adjacent along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, and an insulating pad 3 is provided between them for insulation. The insulating pad 3 can be made of silicone, rubber, or other materials. The shape and size of the insulating pad 3 can be adapted to one of the first outer conductor end 1202a and the second outer conductor end 1202b, or both of them. The insulating pad 3 can be fixed to the second inner conductor end 1102b or the first inner conductor end 1102a by means of adhesive or other methods. Alternatively, the insulating pad 3 can be replaced by an insulating coating or other structure. Similarly, insulating pads 3 are exemplaryly provided between the first outer conductor end 1202a and the second outer conductor end 1202b to achieve insulation. The first outer conductor end 1202a and the first inner conductor end 1102a are adjacent along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21. In order to maintain the insulation between the first outer conductor end 1202a and the first inner conductor end 1102a, a support member 23 can be provided between the first outer conductor end 1202a and the first inner conductor end 1102a to maintain distance and achieve insulation. The material of the support member 23 can be rubber, sheet metal, spring, etc. Alternatively, the support member 23 can also be a plastic part, which can play an elastic support role by means of the structural deformation of the plastic part itself.

[0106] Exemplary examples are provided with reference to FIG4c, specifically describing the coupling electrical connection between the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b, and the coupling electrical connection between the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b. A first inner coupling surface a1 is formed on the surface of the first inner conductor end 1102a facing the second inner conductor end 1102b, and a second inner coupling surface a2 is formed on the surface of the second inner conductor end 1102b facing the first inner conductor end 1102a. The first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2 are opposite to and insulated from each other along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. The first inner conductor 11a can achieve coupling electrical connection with the second inner conductor 11b through the coupling electrical connection of the first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2. Similarly, a first external coupling surface b1 is formed on the surface of the first outer conductor end 1202a facing the second outer conductor end 1202b, and a second external coupling surface b2 is formed on the surface of the second outer conductor end 1202b facing the first outer conductor end 1202a. The first external coupling surface b1 and the second external coupling surface b2 are opposite to and insulated from each other along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. The first outer conductor 12a can be electrically coupled to the second outer conductor 12b through the first external coupling surface b1 and the second external coupling surface b2. The first inner coupling surface a1 of the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner coupling surface a2 of the second inner conductor 11b do not contact each other, avoiding the passive intermodulation problem caused by direct contact between the two. Specifically, an insulating structure can be provided between the first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2 to achieve structural isolation. The insulating structure can be the insulating pad 3 in the above embodiment. Alternatively, an insulating coating can be applied to the surface of at least one of the two first inner coupling surfaces a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2. Specifically, an insulating coating can be applied to the surface of the first inner coupling surface a1, or an insulating coating can be applied to the surface of the second inner coupling surface a2, or an insulating coating can be applied to both the surfaces of the first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2.

[0107] It can be assumed that the orthographic projections of the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 21 at least partially overlap, and the orthographic projections of the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b onto the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 21 at least partially overlap. When the first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b rotate about the rotation axis 21, the first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2 are always at least partially opposite each other along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21 to achieve coupled electrical connection, and the first outer coupling surface b1 and the second outer coupling surface b2 are always at least partially opposite each other along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21 to achieve coupled electrical connection. Possibly, the first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2 are parallel to each other, and the first outer coupling surface b1 and the second outer coupling surface b2 are parallel to each other.

[0108] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 5a for the schematic diagram of the connection cross-sectional structure of the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b, and Figure 5b for the schematic diagram of the connection cross-sectional structure of the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b, to provide a specific example of the coupling surfaces on each conductor. The rotation shaft 21 is hidden here, and the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21 is shown.

[0109] As shown in Figure 5a, along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21, a first inner conductor end 1102a of the first inner conductor 11a has a first inner coupling surface a1 on the side facing the second inner conductor 11b, and a second inner conductor end 1102b of the second inner conductor 11b has a second inner coupling surface a2 on the side facing the first inner conductor 11a. The first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2 are opposite to and insulated from each other along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21, and the first inner conductor 11a can be electrically coupled to the second inner coupling surface a2 through the first inner coupling surface a1. The middle section 1101a of the first inner conductor 11a and the middle section 1101b of the second inner conductor 11b do not substantially overlap in the direction perpendicular to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. When the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b rotate about axis Q, the overlapping surfaces of the first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2 along axis Q can be referenced to the shaded first annular surface M1. It can be considered that the shapes of the first inner coupling surface a1 and the second inner coupling surface a2 are the same as the shape of the first annular surface M1, and the inner shape of the first annular surface M1 is substantially the same as the shape of the through hole G. In this structure, the end portion 1102a and the middle portion 1101a of the first inner conductor are coplanar, and their two surfaces in the thickness direction are coplanar and form a continuous plate. Similarly, the end portion 1102b and the middle portion 1101b of the second inner conductor are coplanar, and their two surfaces in the thickness direction are coplanar and form a continuous plate.

[0110] As shown in Figure 5b, along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21, a first external coupling surface b1 is formed on the side of the first outer conductor end 1202a of the first outer conductor 12a facing the second outer conductor 12b, and a second external coupling surface b2 is formed on the side of the second outer conductor end 1202b of the second outer conductor 12b facing the first outer conductor 12a. The first external coupling surface b1 and the second external coupling surface b2 are opposite to each other along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21 and are insulated from each other. The first outer conductor 12a can be electrically coupled to the second external coupling surface b2 through the first external coupling surface b1. The middle section 1201a of the first outer conductor 12a and the middle section 1201b of the second outer conductor 12b do not overlap substantially in the direction perpendicular to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. When the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b rotate around axis Q, the overlapping surfaces of the first outer coupling surface b1 and the second outer coupling surface b2 along axis Q can be referenced to the shaded second annular surface M2. It can be considered that the shapes of the first outer coupling surface b1 and the second outer coupling surface b2 are the same as the shape of the second annular surface M2. The inner shape of the first annular surface M1 is essentially the same as the shape of the through hole G. In this structure, the end portion 1202a and the middle portion 1201a of the first outer conductor are coplanar, and their two surfaces in the thickness direction are coplanar and form a continuous plate. Similarly, the end portion 1202b and the middle portion 1201b of the second outer conductor are coplanar, and their two surfaces in the thickness direction are coplanar and form a continuous plate.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6a, a partial structural schematic diagram of a transmission line 10, the first inner conductor end 1102a and the first inner conductor middle section 1101a of the first inner conductor 11a are stepped, and the second inner conductor end 1102b of the second inner conductor 11b can be accommodated in the recessed space at the step, so that the first inner conductor middle section 1101a of the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor middle section 1101b of the second inner conductor 11b are distributed in the same plane, and the first inner conductor middle section 1101a and the second inner conductor middle section 1101b can rotate in the same plane. Similarly, the first outer conductor end 1202a of the first outer conductor 12a and the middle section 1201a of the first outer conductor are stepped, and the second outer conductor end 1202b of the second outer conductor 12b can be accommodated in the recessed space at the step, so that the first outer conductor middle section 1201a of the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor middle section 1201b of the second outer conductor 12b are distributed in the same plane, and the first outer conductor middle section 1201a and the second outer conductor middle section 1201b can rotate in the same plane.

[0112] Referring to Figures 6a and 6b, a transmission line 10 including the structure shown in Figure 6b is illustrated. When the transmission line 10 includes multiple line segment units 1, through structural design, the inner conductor middle sections 1101 of any two interconnected inner conductors 11 are coplanar, and the outer conductor middle sections 1201 of any two interconnected outer conductors 12 are coplanar. The two line segment units 1 can rotate relative to each other in approximately the same plane, and ultimately, the bending deformation of the entire transmission line 10 can also be achieved within the same plane.

[0113] As shown in Figure 6b, the plurality of line segment units 1 exemplarily include a third line segment unit 1c, a first line segment unit 1a, a second line segment unit 1b, and a fourth line segment unit 1d connected end-to-end in sequence. Specifically, the third inner conductor 11c, the first inner conductor 11a, the second inner conductor 11b, and the fourth inner conductor 11d are connected end-to-end in sequence, with each pair rotatably connected. The third outer conductor 12c, the first outer conductor 12a, the second outer conductor 12b, and the fourth outer conductor 12d are connected end-to-end in sequence, with each pair rotatably connected.

[0114] Taking the first inner conductor 11a as an example, each end of the first inner conductor 11a includes two first inner coupling surfaces a1, and each end of the second inner conductor 11b includes two second inner coupling surfaces a2. The first inner coupling surface a1 at the end of the first inner conductor 11a facing the third inner conductor 11c is electrically coupled to the third inner conductor 11c. The first inner coupling surface a1 at the end of the first inner conductor 11a facing the second inner conductor 11b is used to electrically couple to one of the second inner coupling surfaces a2 of the second inner conductor 11b. The second inner coupling surface a2 at the end of the second inner conductor 11b facing the fourth inner conductor 11d is used to electrically couple to the fourth inner conductor 11d. The two first inner coupling surfaces a1 of the first inner conductor 11a are parallel and coplanar, and the two second inner coupling surfaces a2 of the second inner conductor 11b are parallel.

[0115] Taking the first outer conductor 12a as an example, each end of the first outer conductor 12a includes two first outer coupling surfaces b1, and each end of the second outer conductor 12b includes two second outer coupling surfaces b2. The first outer coupling surface b1 at the end of the first outer conductor 12a facing the third outer conductor 12c is electrically coupled to the third outer conductor 12c. The first outer coupling surface b1 at the end of the first outer conductor 12a facing the second outer conductor 12b is used to electrically couple to one of the second outer coupling surfaces b2 of the second outer conductor 12b. The second outer coupling surface b2 at the end of the second outer conductor 12b facing the fourth outer conductor 12d is used to electrically couple to the fourth outer conductor 12d. The two first outer coupling surfaces b1 of the first outer conductor 12a are parallel and coplanar, and the two second outer coupling surfaces b2 of the second outer conductor 12b are parallel.

[0116] In the above embodiments, two line segment units 1 are connected by a joint assembly 2. Each line segment unit 1 can rotate around a rotation axis 21, allowing for relative bending within a two-dimensional plane perpendicular to the rotation axis 21. During this relative bending process, the two inner conductors 11 and the two outer conductors 12 are electrically coupled, enabling stable signal transmission, improving signal reception sensitivity, and reducing the impact of distributed capacitance and leakage resistance. When the transmission line 10 comprises multiple line segment units 1 connected end-to-end, any two connected line segment units 1 can be rotatably connected to each other, achieving multi-angle bending of the transmission line 10. Based on the structure of the transmission line 10 provided in the above embodiments, the two line segment units 1 connected by the joint assembly 2 are detachable, facilitating assembly and disassembly in the implementation and application of the transmission line 10.

[0117] It should be understood that in the transmission line 10 provided in this application embodiment, any two rotatably connected line segment units 1, the two inner conductors 11, and the two outer conductors 12 are rotatably connected through the same rotation axis 21, and the rotation centers of the two inner conductors 11 and the two outer conductors 12 are collinear. When the two line segment units 1 rotate relative to each other, the rotation angle and direction between the inner conductor 11 and the outer conductor 12 of each line segment unit 1 can remain the same, thereby allowing for a relatively large range of relative rotation between the two line segment units 1, and a relatively large bending range of the transmission line 10. In some embodiments, the two inner conductors 11 can be rotatably connected through one rotation axis 21, and the two outer conductors 12 can be rotatably connected through another rotation axis 21, and the axes of the two rotation axes 21 are not collinear. In this embodiment, the rotation direction and angle between the inner conductor 11 and the outer conductor 12 of each line segment unit 1 may be offset, thereby limiting the relative rotation range between the two line segment units 1, and the bending range of the transmission line 10 will also be somewhat limited.

[0118] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, a transmission line 10 includes two connected line segment units 1. The outer conductor 12 of each line segment unit 1 is fitted with an inner conductor 11 in a double-sided enclosure manner. Exemplarily, at least one of the line segment units 1 has two side plates 121 on its outer conductor 12, which are respectively spaced apart on both sides of the inner conductor 11 in the thickness direction, thereby providing a certain degree of protection for the inner conductor 11. Along the length direction of the line segment unit 1, the portions of the two side plates 121 corresponding to the inner conductor middle section 1101 of the inner conductor 11 form the outer conductor middle section 1201 of the outer conductor 12, and the portions of the two side plates 121 corresponding to the outer conductor ends 1202 of the inner conductor 11 respectively form the outer conductor ends 1202 at both ends of the outer conductor 12.

[0119] Figure 8 illustrates a simplified structural diagram of two line segment units 1 shown in Figure 7 rotatably connected by a joint assembly 2. As shown in Figure 8, the two line segment units 1 are a first line segment unit 1a and a second line segment unit 1b, respectively. The first line segment unit 1a includes a first inner conductor 11a and a first outer conductor 12a, and the second line segment unit 1b includes a second inner conductor 11b and a second outer conductor 12b. The first outer conductor 12a includes two first outer conductor middle sections 1201a and two first outer conductor ends 1202a. The first inner conductor 11a includes a first inner conductor middle section 1101a and a first inner conductor end 1102a. The first inner conductor middle sections 1101a are spaced apart between the two first inner conductor middle sections 1101a along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. The second outer conductor 12b includes two second outer conductor middle sections 1201b and two second outer conductor ends 1202b. The second outer conductor 12b includes the second outer conductor middle sections 1201b and the first outer conductor ends 1202b. The second outer conductor middle sections 1201b are arranged at intervals between the two second outer conductor middle sections 1201b along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21.

[0120] In this design, the distance between the opposing surfaces of the two first outer conductor ends 1202a of the first outer conductor 12a is greater than the distance between the two opposing surfaces of the two second outer conductor ends 1202b of the second outer conductor 12b, with the end portion of the second outer conductor 12b extending between the two first outer conductor ends 1202a of the first outer conductor 12a. An insulating pad 3 separates the first inner conductor end 1102a of the first inner conductor 11a from the second inner conductor end 1102b of the second inner conductor 11b, and they are electrically connected via capacitive coupling. An insulating pad 3 separates one first outer conductor end 1202a of the first outer conductor 12a from one second outer conductor end 1202b of the adjacent second outer conductor 12b, and they are electrically connected via capacitive coupling. An insulating pad 3 separates the other first outer conductor end 1202a of the first outer conductor 12a from the other second outer conductor end 1202b of the adjacent second outer conductor 12b, and they are electrically connected via capacitive coupling. A support member 23 is provided between the first inner conductor end 1102a of the first inner conductor 11a and the left side end 1202b of the second outer conductor 12b, and another support member 23 is provided between the second inner conductor end 1102b of the second inner conductor 11b and the right side end 1202b of the second outer conductor 12b. Along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, the two support members 23 are respectively provided on both sides of the two inner conductors 11, allowing them to press the two inner conductors 11 together from both sides, maintaining a sufficiently close distance between them to achieve good electrical coupling. Each support member 23 can also press the outer conductor 12 outwards, and in conjunction with the rotation shaft 21 and the locking member 22, ensures the stability of the distance between the conductors of the two line segment units 1.

[0121] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG9a, a transmission line 10 includes each segment unit 1 comprising an inner conductor 11 and an outer conductor 12. Exemplarily, at least one segment unit 1 has an outer conductor 12 in the form of a three-sided enclosed "U" shape, and the internal space of the outer conductor 12 can form a receiving cavity R, within which the inner conductor 11 can be accommodated.

[0122] Figure 9b illustrates the structure of a line segment unit 1. The outer conductor 12 is formed by two side plates 121 and a connecting plate 122. The two side plates 121 are opposite each other along the thickness direction of the inner conductor 11 and are connected by the connecting plate 122. The three are arranged in a "U" shape and form a cavity R for accommodating the inner conductor 11.

[0123] For ease of illustration, referring to the simplified structural diagram of the line segment unit 1 shown in Figure 9b, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established. The X direction is the direction in which the two side plates 121 are arranged opposite each other, the Y direction is the length direction of the line segment unit 1, and the Z direction is perpendicular to the X and Y directions. The X direction can be considered as the thickness direction of the two side plates 121 and the inner conductor 11, the Y direction as the length direction of the line segment unit 1, and the Z direction as the width direction of the two side plates 121 and the inner conductor 11. The connecting plate 122 connects the two side plates 121 along the X direction. The two side plates 121 have similar structures, with the side of each side plate 121 away from the connecting plate 122 opening to form the opening of the receiving cavity R. The opening direction of the receiving cavity R is perpendicular to the length direction of the line segment unit 1.

[0124] Along the Y direction, both ends of each side plate 121 protrude beyond the ends of the connecting plate 122 to form the outer conductor end 1202 of the outer conductor 12. Along the X direction, at any end of the line segment unit 1, the two outer conductor ends 1202 formed by the two side plates 121 are spaced apart on both sides of the inner conductor end 1102 of the inner conductor 11. These two outer conductor ends 1202 and the inner conductor end 1102 are used to connect to other line segment units 1. The connecting plate 122 and the middle section structure of the two side plates 121 form the outer conductor middle section 1201 of the outer conductor 12, corresponding to the side of the inner conductor middle section 1101 of the inner conductor 11. The length H2 of the connecting plate 122 along the Y direction is less than the length H1 of each side plate 121. When any end of the line segment unit 1 is connected to other line segment units 1 and rotates relative to them, the connecting plate 122 will not cause structural interference to the connection rotation between the inner conductors 11 of the two line segment units 1 or the connection rotation between the outer conductors 12.

[0125] Figure 10a shows a partial structure of a transmission line 10 where a first segment unit 1a and a second segment unit 1b are connected by a joint assembly 2. The first segment unit 1a is the segment unit 1 shown in Figure 9b. As shown in Figure 10a, the first segment unit 1a includes a first outer conductor 12a and a first inner conductor 11a, and the second segment unit 1b includes a second outer conductor 12b and a second inner conductor 11b. Exemplarily, the first outer conductor 12a is U-shaped and has two first outer conductor ends 1202a. The first inner conductor ends 1102a of the first inner conductor 11a are spaced apart between the two first outer conductor ends 1202a. The second outer conductor 12b has two second outer conductor ends 1202b, and the second inner conductor ends 1102b of the second inner conductor 11b are spaced apart between the two second outer conductor ends 1202b. Along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, the first inner conductor end 1102a and the second inner conductor end 1102b are arranged adjacent to each other and are insulated by the insulating pad 3. The first outer conductor end 1202a on the left side and the second outer conductor end 1202b on the left side are arranged adjacent to each other and are insulated by the insulating pad 3. The first outer conductor end 1202a on the right side and the second outer conductor end 1202b on the right side are arranged adjacent to each other and are insulated by the insulating pad 3. A support member 23 is provided between the first outer conductor end 1202a on the left side and the first inner conductor end 1102a, and a support member 23 is provided between the first outer conductor end 1202a on the right side and the second inner conductor end 1102b.

[0126] Figure 10b illustrates a transmission line 10, which includes a first segment unit 1a and a second segment unit 1b rotatably connected by a joint assembly 2. The first outer conductor 12a of the first segment unit 1a includes two first side plates 121a and a first connecting plate 122a connected between the two first side plates 121a. The portion of each first side plate 121a extending beyond both ends of the first connecting plate 122a forms the aforementioned first outer conductor end 1202a. The second outer conductor 12b of the second segment unit 1b includes two second side plates 121b and a second connecting plate 122b connected between the two second side plates 121b. The portion of each second side plate 121b extending beyond both ends of the second connecting plate 122b forms the aforementioned second outer conductor end 1202b. Referring to the extension direction of the first segment unit 1a and the second segment unit 1b connected together, the first connecting plate 122a of the first segment unit 1a is exemplarily connected to the upward-facing side of the two first side plates 121a, and the second connecting plate 122b of the second segment unit 1b is exemplarily connected to the downward-facing side of the two second side plates 121b. Alternatively, the first connecting plate 122a of the first segment unit 1a may also be connected to the downward-facing side of the two first side plates 121a, so that the first connecting plate 122a and the second connecting plate 122b are located on the same side of the transmission line 10; or, the second connecting plate 122b of the second segment unit 1b may also be connected to the upward-facing side of the two second side plates 121b, so that the first connecting plate 122a and the second connecting plate 122b are located on the same side of the transmission line 10. For a transmission line 10 comprising multiple segment units 1 connected end-to-end, the specific connection position of the connecting plate 122 in each segment unit 1 is not limited.

[0127] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the outer conductor 12 has a sleeve-like structure with an outer conductor middle section 1201. The internal space of the sleeve can be considered as a receiving cavity R. The two ends of the outer conductor 12 each have two outer conductor ends 1202 protruding from the outer conductor middle section 1201. The inner conductor 11 has an inner conductor middle section 1101 housed within the space enclosed by the outer conductor middle section 1201. The inner conductor 11 has inner conductor ends 1102 at both ends, with each inner conductor end 1102 spaced between two outer conductor ends 1202. The outer conductor ends 1202 protruding from the outer conductor middle section 1201 ensure that the line segment unit 1 has sufficient rotational space when rotating relative to other line segment units 1 rotatably connected via the rotation shaft 21, thereby ensuring good bending performance of the line segment unit 1.

[0128] This application embodiment also provides a combined transmission line 10. As shown in FIG12a, the transmission line 10 can realize multi-channel electrical signal transmission. As shown in FIG12a, the transmission line 10 includes three end-to-end connected line segment units 1, and any two connected line segment units 1 are rotatably connected by at least one joint assembly 2. Each line segment unit 1 includes an outer conductor 12 and an inner conductor 11, and the inner conductor 11 includes multiple inner cores 111. The outer conductor 12 forms multiple receiving cavities R, which are spaced apart along the rotation axis direction of the line segment unit 1, that is, the multiple receiving cavities R are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21 in the joint assembly 2. The multiple receiving cavities R are used to accommodate multiple inner cores 111 in a one-to-one correspondence, with each receiving cavity R containing one inner core 111, so that the multiple inner cores 111 can be spaced apart along the rotation axis direction of the line segment unit 1. This structure of the transmission line 10 can be considered a ribbon cable structure transmission line, where the multiple inner cores 111 can realize multi-channel transmission of electrical signals.

[0129] Figure 12b illustrates a detailed enlarged view of point A1 in Figure 12a. A cavity R of one segment unit 1 is connected to a cavity R of another segment unit 1 along the connection direction of the two segment units 1. An inner core 111 housed in one cavity R is electrically coupled to an inner core 111 housed in the other cavity R along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21 of the joint assembly 2. Along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21, each inner core 111 is supported and insulated from its adjacent outer conductor 12 by a support member 23.

[0130] By cutting one of the line segment units 1 of the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 12a, with the cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the line segment unit 1, the structure shown in Figure 13a can be obtained. Figure 13b shows a simplified structural diagram of this cross-section. Referring to Figures 13a and 13b together, the outer conductor 12 is arranged in a serpentine pattern along the length direction perpendicular to the line segment unit 1, thereby forming multiple receiving cavities R. The opening of each receiving cavity R is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the multiple receiving cavities R. Each receiving cavity R can accommodate one inner core 111. Exemplarily, the opening directions of the multiple receiving cavities R are different, and the openings of any two adjacent receiving cavities R face opposite directions. Adjacent inner cores 111 can be assembled into the corresponding receiving cavities R along two opposite directions.

[0131] For ease of understanding, the outer conductor 12 is segmented into multiple alternating sidewall segments D1 and multiple bottom wall segments D2. Each sidewall segment D1 is spaced apart along the arrangement direction of the multiple receiving cavities R, and each sidewall segment D1 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the receiving cavities R. Any two adjacent sidewall segments D1 are connected by a bottom wall segment D2, and a receiving cavity R is formed by a bottom wall segment D2 and the two connected sidewall segments D1. For any receiving cavity R, the two sidewall segments D1 used to enclose and form the receiving cavity R are equivalent to the two side plates 121 in Figure 9b. Along the arrangement direction of the multiple receiving cavities R, any two adjacent receiving cavities R share a sidewall segment D1. The outer conductor 12 can be formed by sheet metal stamping or by profile stretching. For the outer conductor 12, the opening direction of each receiving cavity R is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation axis 21.

[0132] By cutting the connection point of the two connected segment units 1 of the aforementioned transmission line 10, with the cross-section passing radially through the joint assembly 2 along the rotation axis 21, the structure shown in FIG14a can be obtained. FIG14b shows a detailed enlarged view of A2 in FIG14a. Referring to FIG14a and FIG14b together, the rotation axis 21 of the joint assembly 2 passes axially through the two segment units 1. The first outer conductor 12a of one segment unit 1 forms a plurality of first receiving cavities R1, which are spaced apart axially along the rotation axis 21, and a plurality of first inner cores 111a are correspondingly housed in the plurality of first receiving cavities R1. The second outer conductor 12b of the other segment unit 1 forms a plurality of second receiving cavities R2, which are spaced apart axially along the rotation axis 21, and a plurality of second inner cores 111b are correspondingly housed in the plurality of second receiving cavities R2.

[0133] Between two line segment units 1, one side wall segment D1 of the outer conductor 12 of one line segment unit 1 is electrically coupled to one side wall segment D1 of the outer conductor 12 of the other line segment unit 1 along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21. Similarly, one inner core 111 of one line segment unit 1 is electrically coupled to one inner core 111 of the outer conductor 12 of the other line segment unit 1 along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21. An insulating pad 3 is provided between the two electrically coupled inner cores 111 along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21, and an insulating pad 3 is provided between the two electrically coupled side wall segments D1. Adjacent inner cores 111 are isolated by a support member 23.

[0134] Figure 14c illustrates a simplified cross-sectional structure at the connection of two line segment units 1. As shown in Figure 14c, the two line segment units 1 are a first line segment unit 1a and a second line segment unit 1b. The first line segment unit 1a includes a first outer conductor 12a and multiple first inner conductors 11a, and the second line segment unit 1b includes a second outer conductor 12b and multiple second inner conductors 11b. Within the dashed box M1, a sidewall segment D1 of the first outer conductor 12a of the first line segment unit 1a is arranged adjacent to and electrically coupled to a sidewall segment D1 of the second outer conductor 12b of the second line segment unit 1b. Within the dashed box M2, a first inner core 111a of the first line segment unit 1a is arranged adjacent to and electrically coupled to a second inner core 111b of the second line segment unit 1b. One end of the rotation shaft 21 of the joint assembly 2 passes through the first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b and is locked and fixed with the locking member 22.

[0135] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15a, a line segment unit 1 has an outer conductor 12 with a comb-like cross-section, forming multiple receiving cavities R. The opening of each receiving cavity R is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the multiple receiving cavities R. Each receiving cavity R can accommodate one inner core 111. Exemplarily, the opening directions of the multiple receiving cavities R are the same, and the multiple inner cores 111 can be assembled into the multiple receiving cavities R one-to-one from one direction. Exemplarily, the outer conductor 12 is equivalent to including a bottom wall segment D2 and multiple side wall segments D1. Each side wall segment D1 is spaced apart along the arrangement direction of the multiple receiving cavities R and each side wall segment D1 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the receiving cavities R. One end of each of the multiple side wall segments D1 is connected to the bottom wall segment D2, such that any two side wall segments D1 and a portion of the bottom wall segment D2 enclose a receiving cavity R. Along the arrangement direction of the multiple receiving cavities R, any two adjacent receiving cavities R share a side wall segment D1. The outer conductor 12 can be formed by sheet metal stamping or by profile stretching.

[0136] The structure of the connection between line segment unit 1 and another line segment unit 1 shown in Figure 15a can be referred to the simplified diagram shown in Figure 15b. As shown in Figure 15b, the two line segment units 1 are the first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b, respectively. The first line segment unit 1a includes a first outer conductor 12a and a plurality of first inner conductors 11a, and the second line segment unit 1b includes a second outer conductor 12b and a plurality of second inner conductors 11b. Within the dashed box N1, a side wall segment D1 of the first outer conductor 12a of the first line segment unit 1a and a side wall segment D1 of the second outer conductor 12b of the second line segment unit 1b are arranged adjacent to each other and coupled electrically. Within the dashed box N2, a first inner core 111a of the first line segment unit 1a and a second inner core 111b of the second line segment unit 1b are arranged adjacent to each other and coupled electrically. One end of the rotating shaft 21 of the joint assembly 2 passes through the first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b and is locked and fixed with the locking member 22.

[0137] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 16, the inner conductor 11 in a line segment unit 1 is twisted, such that the two ends of the inner conductor 11 are set at an angle. Specifically, the middle section 1101 of the inner conductor 11 is twisted, such that the two inner conductor ends 1102 at both ends of the inner conductor 11 are set at an angle. Each of the two inner conductor ends 1102 is provided with a through hole G for the rotation shaft 21 to pass through, and the axes of the two through holes G are set at an angle. One of the surfaces of each inner conductor end 1102 perpendicular to the axis of the through hole G is an inner coupling surface a for coupling electrical connection, and it can be considered that the two inner coupling surfaces a of the inner conductor 11 are set at an angle. The twisting method and structure of the middle section 1101 of the inner conductor are not limited. FIG. 16 shows a twisting structure with an arc-shaped gradient. In some other possible implementations, the middle section 1101 of the inner conductor can also be twisted by a straight bend. Of course, the twisting method of the inner conductor middle section 1101 is related to the material and manufacturing process of the inner conductor 11. Different twisting methods can be selected according to different inner conductors 11, as long as the two ends of the inner conductor 11 are set at an angle.

[0138] Figure 17a illustrates a line segment unit 1 including the inner conductor 11 shown in Figure 16, wherein the outer conductor 12 of the line segment unit 1 is plate-shaped. To accommodate the inner conductor 11, the middle section 1201 of the outer conductor 12 of the line segment unit 1 is twisted, such that the two outer conductor ends 1202 at both ends of the outer conductor 12 are arranged at an angle. Each of the two outer conductor ends 1202 is provided with a through hole G for the rotation shaft 21 to pass through, and the axes of the two through holes G are arranged at an angle. One of the surfaces of each outer conductor end 1202 perpendicular to the axis of the through hole G is an outer coupling surface b for electrical coupling; it can be considered that the two outer coupling surfaces b of the outer conductor 12 are arranged at an angle. For the entire line segment unit 1, the outer conductor end 1202 at any end of the line segment unit 1 is parallel to the inner conductor end 1102, the inner coupling surface a is parallel to the outer coupling surface b, and the axis of the through hole G of the outer conductor end 1202 is collinear with the axis of the corresponding through hole G of the inner conductor end 1102.

[0139] Figure 17b shows a transmission line 10 comprising three line segment units 1 as shown in Figure 17a. These three line segment units 1 are a first line segment unit 1a, a second line segment unit 1b, and a third line segment unit 1c. The first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b are rotatably connected via a first rotating shaft 21a of a first joint assembly 2a. The third line segment unit 1c and the second line segment unit 1b are rotatably connected via a second rotating shaft 21b of a second joint assembly 2b. One end of the first inner conductor 11a of the first line segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the second inner conductor 11b of the second line segment unit 1b, with an insulating pad 3 between them. The other end of the first inner conductor 11a of the first line segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the second inner conductor 11b of the third line segment unit 11c, with an insulating pad 3 between them. One end of the first outer conductor 12a of the first line segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the third outer conductor 12c of the second line segment unit 1b, with an insulating pad between them. The other end of the first outer conductor 12a of the first segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the third outer conductor 12c of the third segment unit 12c, with an insulating pad 3 between them. The first outer conductor 12a and the second inner conductor 11b are adjacent along the first axis Q1, with a first support member 23a between them. The third outer conductor 12c and the first inner conductor 11a are adjacent along the second axis Q2, with a second support member 23b between them. The first rotation shaft 21a enables the first segment unit 1a and the second segment unit 1b to rotate relative to each other around the first axis Q1, and the second rotation shaft 21b enables the first segment unit 1a and the third segment unit 1c to rotate relative to each other around the second axis Q2. The directions of the first axis Q1 and the second axis Q2 are set at an angle, allowing the transmission line 10 to rotate in two directions in three-dimensional space. When the transmission line 10 includes more line segment units 1, the connection position of any two connected line segment units 1 can achieve angular rotation in one direction, and the connection positions of different two connected line segment units 1 can achieve angular rotation in different directions. In the end, the transmission line 10 can achieve angular adjustment in multiple directions.

[0140] Figure 18a illustrates a line segment unit 1 including the inner conductor 11 shown in Figure 16, wherein the outer conductor 12 comprises two opposing side plates 121. The outer conductor 12 includes two opposing outer conductor midsections 1201, each having an outer conductor end 1202 at both ends. To mate with the inner conductor 11, each outer conductor midsection 1201 is partially twisted, with the twist direction and angle being the same as those of the inner conductor midsection 1101 of the inner conductor 11. For the entire line segment unit 1, the outer conductor end 1202 at any end of the line segment unit 1 is parallel to the inner conductor end 1102, and the inner coupling surface a is parallel to the outer coupling surface b.

[0141] Figure 18b shows a transmission line 10 comprising three line segment units 1 as shown in Figure 18a. These three line segment units 1 are a first line segment unit 1a, a second line segment unit 1b, and a third line segment unit 1c. The first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b are rotatably connected via a first rotation axis 21a of a first joint assembly 2a, and the third line segment unit 1c and the second line segment unit 1b are rotatably connected via a second rotation axis 21b of a second joint assembly 2b. Similar to the structure of the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 17b, this transmission line 10 can achieve rotation in two directions within three-dimensional space. When the transmission line 10 includes more line segment units 1, the connection position of any two connected line segment units 1 achieves angular rotation in one direction, and different connection positions of two connected line segment units 1 can achieve angular rotation in different directions. Ultimately, the transmission line 10 can achieve angle adjustment in multiple directions.

[0142] Figure 19a illustrates a line segment unit 1 including the inner conductor 11 shown in Figure 16, wherein the outer conductor middle section 1201 of the outer conductor 12 is sleeve-shaped, and the outer conductor middle section 1201 fits inside the inner conductor middle section 1101 of the inner conductor 11. The two ends of the outer conductor middle section 1201 each have two outer conductor ends 1202, which are parallel to each other, and the outer conductor ends 1202 at both ends are set at an included angle. For the entire line segment unit 1, the outer conductor end 1202 at any end of the line segment unit 1 is parallel to the inner conductor end 1102.

[0143] Figure 19b shows a transmission line 10 comprising three line segment units 1 as shown in Figure 19a. These three line segment units 1 are a first line segment unit 1a, a second line segment unit 1b, and a third line segment unit 1c. The first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b are rotatably connected via a first joint assembly 2a, and the third line segment unit 1c is rotatably connected to the second line segment unit 1b via a second joint assembly 2b. One end of the first inner conductor 11a of the first line segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the second inner conductor 11b of the second line segment unit 1b, with an insulating pad 3 between them. The other end of the first inner conductor 11a of the first line segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the second inner conductor 11b of the third line segment unit 1c, with an insulating pad 3 between them. One end of the first outer conductor 12a of the first line segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the third outer conductor 12c of the second line segment unit 1b, with an insulating pad between them. The other end of the first outer conductor 12a of the first segment unit 1a is electrically coupled to the third outer conductor 12c of the third segment unit 1c, with an insulating pad 3 between them. The first outer conductor 12a and the second inner conductor 11b are adjacent along the first axis Q1, with a first support member 23a between them. The third outer conductor 12c and the first inner conductor 11a are adjacent along the second axis Q2, with a second support member 23b between them. It should be understood that the connection between any two segment units 1 of the transmission line 10 is similar to the connection structure between any two segment units 1 of the transmission line 10 shown in 18b, and the transmission line 10 can achieve rotation in two directions in three-dimensional space. When the transmission line 10 includes more segment units 1, the connection position of any two connected segment units 1 achieves angular rotation in one direction, and the connection positions of different two connected segment units 1 can achieve angular rotation in different directions. Ultimately, the transmission line 10 can achieve angular adjustment in multiple directions.

[0144] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG20a, two line segment units 1 are rotatably connected by a joint assembly 2, and there is a certain gap between the two connected line segment units 1 along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21.

[0145] For example, as shown in FIG20b, the transmission line 10 includes a first segment unit 1a, a second segment unit 1b, and a third segment unit 1c. One end of the first segment unit 1a is rotatably connected to the second segment unit 1b via a first joint assembly 2a, and the other end of the first segment unit 1a is rotatably connected to the third segment unit 1c via a second joint assembly 2b. Partially deconstructing the connection between the first segment unit 1a and the second segment unit 1b, the transmission line 10 also includes a transition inner conductor 41 connecting the first inner conductor 11a of the first segment unit 1a and the second inner conductor 11b of the second segment unit 1b. The transition inner conductor 41 extends the connection between the first inner conductor 11a and the second segment unit 1b along the axial direction of the first rotation axis 21a by a certain distance, thereby increasing the distance between the rotation plane of the first inner conductor 11a rotating around the first rotation axis 21a and the rotation plane of the second inner conductor 11b rotating around the first rotation axis 21a, thus changing the extension direction of the transmission line 10.

[0146] The structure of one of the line segment units 1 in Figures 20a and 20b can be seen with reference to Figure 21a. In the line segment unit 1 shown in Figure 21a, the outer conductor 12 is cross-sectional, with the cross-section passing through the through holes G at both ends of the outer conductor 12. As shown in Figure 21a, the outer conductor 12 is zigzag-shaped, and the middle section 1201 of the outer conductor 12 is cylindrical, forming a receiving cavity R for accommodating the inner conductor 11. The two outer conductor ends 1202 of the outer conductor 12 are also cylindrical, and the axial direction of the cylindrical shape formed by the two outer conductor ends 1202 forms an angle with the axial direction of the cylindrical shape formed by the middle section 1201. With reference to the middle section 1201, the extending directions of the cylindrical shapes formed by the two outer conductor ends 1202 are opposite, and each outer conductor end 1202 is used for electrical connection with the outer conductor end 1202 of another line segment unit 1.

[0147] Figure 21b illustrates the structure of two connected line segment units 1 shown in Figure 21a. As shown in Figure 21b, the inner conductors 11 of the two line segment units 1 are indirectly electrically connected through a transition inner conductor 41, and the outer conductors 12 of the two line segment units 1 are directly electrically connected. One end of the rotating shaft 21 passes sequentially through an outer conductor 12, an inner conductor 11, a transition inner conductor 41, another inner conductor 11, and another outer conductor 12, and is locked and fixed by the locking member 22. Adjacent outer conductors 12 and inner conductors 11 are supported and isolated by a support member 23. The two outer conductors 12 can be coupled electrically connected, wherein one outer conductor 12 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the other outer conductor 12 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21. Figure 22a shows a simplified cross-sectional structure of two connected line segment units 1 of a transmission line 10, in which the first inner conductor 11a of the first line segment unit 1a is rotatably connected to one end of the transition inner conductor 41, and the second inner conductor 11b is rotatably connected to the other end of the transition inner conductor 41. In this example, the inner conductor 41 is sleeve-shaped, sleeved outside the rotating shaft 21 and located between the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b. The axial direction of the rotational connection between the first inner conductor 11a and the inner conductor 41 is the direction of the axis Q of the rotating shaft 21, and the axial direction of the rotational connection between the second inner conductor 11b and the inner conductor 41 is also the direction of the axis Q of the rotating shaft 21. One end of the inner conductor 41 is separated from the first inner conductor 11a by an insulating pad 3 and is electrically coupled to the first inner conductor 11a. The other end of the inner conductor 41 is separated from the second inner conductor 11b by an insulating pad 3 and is electrically coupled to the second inner conductor 11b. A first support 51 is provided between the first inner conductor 11a and the first outer conductor 12a. The first support 51 is exemplarily fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the first inner conductor 11a to insulate and isolate the first inner conductor 11a and the first outer conductor 12a, preventing them from contacting each other. The first support 51 can be made of elastic rubber, a spring, or a non-elastic plastic component. Similarly, a second support 52 is provided between the second inner conductor 11b and the second outer conductor 12b. The second support 52 is exemplarily fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the second inner conductor 11b to insulate and isolate the second inner conductor 11b and the second outer conductor 12b, preventing them from contacting each other.

[0148] Referring to Figure 22a, to protect the inner conductor 41, the first outer conductor 12a of the first segment unit 1a and the second outer conductor 12b of the second segment unit 1b can extend relative to each other along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21 to couple with the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b. Exemplarily, the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b are separated by a cylindrical insulating pad 3, which surrounds the outer circumference of the first outer conductor 12a. The second outer conductor 12b partially surrounds the first outer conductor 12a, and it can be considered that the first outer conductor 12a partially extends into the second outer conductor 12b. At this time, the inner conductor 41 is surrounded by the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b. A support member 23 is also provided between the inner conductor 41 and the first outer conductor 12a to maintain insulation between them. Of course, in some embodiments, the first outer conductor 12a may partially surround the second outer conductor 12b, and the second outer conductor 12b may partially extend into the first outer conductor 12a.

[0149] Specifically, as shown in Figure 22b, the coupling surface between the first inner conductor 11a and the transition inner conductor 41 for electrical connection is perpendicular to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. In this case, the first inner conductor 11a has a first inner coupling surface a1 facing the transition inner conductor 41 along the axis Q, and the transition inner conductor 41 has a first transition inner coupling surface z1 facing the first inner conductor 11a along the axis Q. Similarly, the coupling surface between the second inner conductor 11b and the transition inner conductor 41 for electrical connection can be perpendicular to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. In this case, the second inner conductor 11b has a second inner coupling surface a2 facing the transition inner conductor 41 along the axis Q, and the transition inner conductor 41 has a second transition inner coupling surface z2 facing the second inner conductor 11b along the axis Q. The coupling surfaces of the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b used for electrical coupling are parallel to the axis Q of the rotation axis 21. The first outer conductor 12a has a first outer coupling surface b1 facing the second outer conductor 12b in a direction perpendicular to the axis Q, and the second outer conductor 12b has a second outer coupling surface b2 facing the first outer conductor 12a in a direction perpendicular to the axis Q. Referring to Figure 22b, the coupling planes of the two line segment units 1 and the transition unit 4 that are rotatably connected are not on the same plane. The transmission line 10 with this connection structure can have a certain transition distance in the direction of the axis Q, realizing rotation in different planes along the direction of the axis Q.

[0150] Figure 23a shows a cross-sectional view of a transmission line 10. The difference between this and the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 22a is that the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b are opposite each other along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. A cylindrical insulating pad 3 separates the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b, and the insulating pad 3 is arranged between the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. At this time, most of the structure of the inner conductor 41 is surrounded by the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b. Support members 23 are respectively provided between the inner conductor 41 and the first outer conductor 12a, and between the inner conductor 41 and the second outer conductor 12b, to maintain insulation between the inner conductor 41 and the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b.

[0151] Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 23b, the coupling surfaces of the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b for coupling electrical connection are perpendicular to the axis Q of the rotation axis 21. The first outer conductor 12a has a first outer coupling surface b1 facing the second outer conductor 12b along the direction of the axis Q, and the second outer conductor 12b has a second outer coupling surface b2 facing the first outer conductor 12a along the direction of the axis Q.

[0152] Figure 24a shows a cross-sectional view of a transmission line 10. The difference between this and the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 22a is that the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b are fitted around the adapter inner conductor 41. Specifically, the first inner conductor 11a is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of one end of the adapter inner conductor 41, separated by a sleeve-shaped insulating pad 3. The first inner conductor 11a and the adapter inner conductor 41 are electrically coupled. The second inner conductor 11b is fitted onto the outer circumferential surface of the other end of the adapter inner conductor 41, separated by a sleeve-shaped insulating pad 3. The second inner conductor 11b and the adapter inner conductor 41 are electrically coupled. In this structure, the adapter inner conductor 41 can function as the pivot connection for the rotating shaft 21, thus eliminating the need for the rotating shaft 21 and the locking element 22. It can be considered that the first segment unit 1a and the second segment unit 1b are physically connected by a pivot unit 4. Alternatively, it can be considered that the adapter inner conductor 41 functions as the pivot 21 of the joint assembly 2.

[0153] Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 24b, the coupling surface between the first inner conductor 11a and the transition inner conductor 41 for electrical connection is parallel to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. In this case, the first inner conductor 11a has a first inner coupling surface a1 facing the transition inner conductor 41 in a direction perpendicular to the axis Q, and the transition inner conductor 41 has a first transition inner coupling surface z1 facing the first inner conductor 11a in a direction perpendicular to the axis Q. Similarly, the coupling surface between the second inner conductor 11b and the transition inner conductor 41 for electrical connection can be parallel to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. In this case, the second inner conductor 11b has a second inner coupling surface a2 facing the transition inner conductor 41 in a direction perpendicular to the axis Q, and the transition inner conductor 41 has a second transition inner coupling surface z2 facing the second inner conductor 11b in a direction perpendicular to the axis Q.

[0154] Figure 25a shows a cross-sectional view of a transmission line 10. The difference between this and the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 22a is that the transmission line 10 includes a switching unit 4. The switching unit 4 includes an inner switching conductor 41 and an outer switching conductor 42, with the outer switching conductor 42 exemplarily sleeved outside the inner switching conductor 41. The two ends of the inner switching conductor 41 along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21 are respectively used for coupling and electrical connection with the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b. The two ends of the outer switching conductor 42 along the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21 are respectively used for coupling and electrical connection with the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b. The inner switching conductor 41 and the outer switching conductor 42 are isolated by a sleeve-shaped support member 23. In this structure, the switching unit 4 can be considered as part of the conductive structure of the transmission line 10.

[0155] Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 25b, the coupling surfaces of the first inner conductor 11a, the second inner conductor 11b, and the transition outer conductor 42 are similar to those in Figure 22b and will not be described again. The coupling surface of the first outer conductor 12a and the transition outer conductor 42 for electrical connection is perpendicular to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. In this case, the first outer conductor 12a has a first outer coupling surface b1 facing the transition outer conductor 42 along the axis Q, and the transition outer conductor 42 has a first transition outer coupling surface v1 facing the first outer conductor 12a along the axis Q. Similarly, the coupling surface of the second outer conductor 12b and the transition outer conductor 42 for electrical connection can be perpendicular to the axis Q of the rotation shaft 21. In this case, the second outer conductor 12b has a second outer coupling surface b2 facing the transition outer conductor 42 along the axis Q, and the transition outer conductor 42 has a second transition outer coupling surface v2 facing the second outer conductor 12b along the axis Q.

[0156] It should be understood that in the structural examples of the transmission line 10 shown in Figures 22a to 25b, where the two line segment units 1 are connected, the structural deformation of the transition unit 4 and the different connection and cooperation methods between the two line segment units 1 and the transition unit 4 can be combined or modified as needed. For example, the cooperation method between the two inner conductors 11 and the transition inner conductor 41 shown in Figure 24a can be applied to the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 25a, so that the two inner conductors 11 in the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 25a are respectively fitted at both ends of the transition inner conductor 41. Alternatively, the transition outer conductor 42 shown in Figure 25a can be combined with the transmission line 10 shown in Figure 22a, so that the transition outer conductor 42 is fitted between the two outer conductors 12 in Figure 22a. These structural deformations and adaptable assemblies can be transformed and applied as needed. The embodiments of this application do not limit this, nor will they be illustrated further.

[0157] As shown in Figure 26a, this embodiment of the application also provides a transmission line 10, in which two line segment units 1 can be directly rotatably connected. The connection point of any two connected line segment units 1 can achieve multi-angle, multi-directional, ball bearing-like rotation similar to a universal joint, with the direction of rotation between them uncertain. This connection point can be considered as a joint assembly, which is part of the two connected line segment units 1.

[0158] For example, as shown in FIG26b, the transmission line 10 includes a first segment unit 1a, a second segment unit 1b, and a third segment unit 1c connected in sequence. For ease of understanding, the connection between the first segment unit 1a and the second segment unit 1b is shown in exploded view. As shown in FIG26b, the end of the first inner conductor 11a of the first segment unit 1a forms a first spherical sleeve T1, and the end of the second inner conductor 11b forms a first spherical end W1, which is rotatably accommodated within the first spherical sleeve T1. Similarly, the end of the first outer conductor 12a forms a second spherical sleeve T2, and the end of the second outer conductor 12b forms a second spherical end W2, which is rotatably accommodated within the second spherical sleeve T2. The first spherical sleeve T1, the first spherical end W1, the second spherical sleeve T2, and the second spherical end W2 share a common center. The inner wall of the first spherical sleeve T1 and the outer wall of the first spherical end D can be electrically coupled, and they can be insulated from each other by an insulating structure. The inner wall of the second spherical sleeve T2 and the outer wall of the second spherical end W2 can be electrically coupled, and the two can be insulated from each other by an insulating structure. When the first line segment unit 1a rotates relative to the second line segment unit 1b, the connection between the first line segment unit 1a and the second line segment unit 1b can achieve multi-dimensional rotation similar to a universal joint. To achieve structural avoidance, the second spherical end W2 is spherically sleeve-shaped, and the first spherical sleeve T1 can be accommodated within the second spherical end W2.

[0159] The first spherical sleeve T1 has a first mounting port p1 and a first notch q1. The first mounting port p1 is used for the first spherical end W1 to extend into the first spherical sleeve T1, and the first notch q1 penetrates the inner and outer surfaces of the first spherical sleeve T1 and communicates with the first mounting port p1. To prevent the first spherical end W1 from being assembled into the first spherical sleeve T1 and from falling out, the size of the first mounting port p1 can be slightly smaller than the size of the first spherical end W1. When the first spherical end W1 is assembled into the first spherical sleeve T1 through the first mounting port p1, the first notch q1 can deform to facilitate the first spherical end W1 entering the first spherical sleeve T1 through the first mounting port p1. Similarly, the second spherical sleeve T2 has a second mounting port p2 and a second notch q2. The second mounting port p2 is used for the second spherical end W2 to extend into the second spherical sleeve T2, and the second notch q2 penetrates the inner and outer surfaces of the second spherical sleeve T2 and communicates with the second mounting port p2, facilitating the assembly of the second spherical end W2 into the second spherical sleeve T2. Similarly, the second spherical end W2 has a third mounting port p3 and a third notch q3. The third mounting port p3 is used for the first spherical sleeve T1 to extend into the second spherical end W2, and the third notch q3 penetrates the inner and outer surfaces of the second spherical end W2 and is connected to the third mounting port p3, so as to facilitate the first spherical sleeve T1 to be assembled into the second spherical end W2.

[0160] Figure 27a illustrates a transmission line 10, which exemplarily includes three sequentially connected line segment units 1. Exemplarily, the inner conductor 11 of one line segment unit 1 is coupled to the inner conductor 11 of another line segment unit 1 in a ball bearing-type rotatable connection manner as shown in Figure 26b, while the outer conductor 12 of one line segment unit 1 is coupled to the outer conductor 12 of another line segment unit 1 in a two-dimensional rotatable connection manner with a defined rotation direction.

[0161] As shown in Figure 27b, the transmission line 10 includes a first segment unit 1a and a second segment unit 1b. The first inner conductor 11a of the first segment unit 1a is formed with a spherical sleeve, and the second inner conductor 11b of the second segment unit 1b is formed with a spherical end that can be accommodated within the spherical sleeve. This spherical end can be accommodated within the spherical sleeve, realizing a coupled electrical connection between the first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b. The first inner conductor 11a and the second inner conductor 11b can rotate relative to each other in an indeterminate direction.

[0162] The end of the first outer conductor 12a of the first line segment unit 1a is cylindrical, and the end of the second outer conductor 12b of the second line segment unit 1b is cylindrical. The end face of the first outer conductor 12a facing the second outer conductor 12b can be electrically coupled in opposite directions to the end face of the second outer conductor 12b facing the first outer conductor 12a, or the first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b can be nested together to achieve electrical coupling in the circumferential direction. The first outer conductor 12a and the second outer conductor 12b can rotate in the circumferential direction.

[0163] It should be understood that the interconnection method between the line segment units 1 of the transmission line 10 provided in the above embodiments of this application can be split and combined as needed to realize different rotation structures, and this application will not provide further illustrative examples.

[0164] In some embodiments, the inner conductor 11 and outer conductor 12 of at least one segment unit 1 of the transmission line 10 are electrically connected to achieve a short-circuit connection of the segment unit 1 to meet specific application requirements. For example, in a segment unit 1 of a transmission line 10 shown in FIG28, the inner conductor 11 is provided with a conductive stub J, which is electrically connected to the outer conductor 12. When the transmission line 10 includes multiple segment units 1, and the transmission line 10 is applied to an antenna, the inner conductor 11 and outer conductor 12 of one segment unit 1 of the transmission line 10 and the antenna connector can be short-circuited, thereby enabling the transmission line 10 to achieve lightning protection. When the transmission line 10 includes a first segment unit 1a and a second segment unit 1b, and the first segment unit 1a is used to connect to the antenna connector, the first inner conductor 11a is provided with a conductive stub J, which is electrically connected to the first outer conductor 12a. Alternatively, the transmission line 10 includes a first segment unit 1a and a second segment unit 1b, with the second segment unit 1b used to connect to an antenna connector. The second inner conductor 11b is provided with a conductive stub J, which is electrically connected to the second outer conductor 12b. It should be understood that the structure of the segment unit 1 shown in FIG28 is merely an example, and the short-circuit connection method of the conductive stub J can be applied to various forms of segment unit 1.

[0165] In some antennas with mechanical rotation capabilities, the transmission line 10 described above in the embodiments of this application can be used. Figure 29 shows a partial structure of an antenna 100 using the aforementioned transmission line 10. As shown in Figure 29, the phase shifter 105 of the antenna 100 is connected to the antenna connector 107 via the transmission line 10. The transmission line 10 includes at least a first segment unit 1a and a second segment unit 1b, which are exemplarily rotatably connected by a joint assembly 2. The antenna connector 107 here can be a German Standards Institute (DIN) connector.

[0166] The transmission line 10 also includes several fixed welding points, which can be fixed to structures such as the antenna reflector 103 via structural components. The rotation axis 21 of the joint assembly 2 is exemplarily mounted on the reflector 103. The first segment unit 1a can rotate relative to the second segment unit 1b around the rotation axis 21 of the joint assembly 2, thereby causing the phase shifter 105 fixed to the second segment unit 1b to actuate and change the electrical downtilt angle of the radiated signal of each radiating unit 102, thus changing the radiation direction of each radiating unit 102 to meet signal coverage requirements. It should be understood that the partial structure and positional layout of the antenna 100 in Figure 29 are merely illustrative examples, intended only to demonstrate that the transmission line 10 can be bent through the relative rotation of the first segment unit 1a and the second segment unit 1b.

[0167] In summary, the transmission line 10 provided in this application embodiment can be applied to signal transmission in antenna systems or radio frequency circuit systems. During the mechanical rotation of the antenna 100, the two connected line segment units 1 of the transmission line 10 can rotate relative to each other in a two-dimensional plane and in three-dimensional space, thereby achieving bending of the transmission line 10. In some embodiments, the rotation between the connected line segment units 1 is achieved through a detachable joint assembly 2, which has the advantage of low loss and can improve the reliability of the transmission line 10 after multiple bends. Specifically, the structure of the transmission line 10 in different forms can meet different application scenarios and has strong adaptability.

[0168] Based on the transmission line 10 provided in the above embodiments, this application also provides a transmission line assembly. This transmission line assembly may include multiple transmission lines 10 arranged side-by-side. The multiple transmission lines 10 included in the same transmission line assembly may have identical structures, thereby enabling multi-channel signal transmission. Of course, this transmission line assembly can also be applied to signal transmission in antennas.

[0169] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A transmission line, characterized in that, The transmission line includes a first segment unit and a second segment unit; The first line segment unit includes a first inner conductor and a first outer conductor, wherein the first inner conductor and the first outer conductor are insulated from each other; The second line segment unit includes a second inner conductor and a second outer conductor, the second inner conductor and the second outer conductor being insulated from each other; The first inner conductor is rotatably connected to the second inner conductor, and the first outer conductor is rotatably connected to the second outer conductor.

2. The transmission line as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission line includes a rotating shaft, the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor are respectively connected to the rotating shaft and are respectively rotatable about the axis of the rotating shaft, and the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor are respectively connected to the rotating shaft and are respectively rotatable about the axis of the rotating shaft.

3. The transmission line as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A support member is provided between the first inner conductor and the second outer conductor, and / or, a support member is provided between the second inner conductor and the first outer conductor.

4. The transmission line as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The orthographic projections of the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation at least partially overlap; The orthographic projections of the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation at least partially overlap.

5. The transmission line as described in any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The first outer conductor forms a plurality of first receiving cavities, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotation axis; the first inner conductor includes a plurality of first inner cores, which are housed one-to-one in the plurality of first receiving cavities. The second outer conductor forms a plurality of second receiving cavities, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotation axis; the second inner conductor includes a plurality of second inner cores, which are respectively housed in the plurality of second receiving cavities. Multiple first inner cores and multiple second inner cores are respectively connected to the rotating shaft and can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft. The multiple first inner cores and multiple second inner cores are electrically connected in a one-to-one correspondence.

6. The transmission line as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the accommodating cavities has an opening, the direction of which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation axis.

7. The transmission line as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The openings of the plurality of the receiving cavities are oriented in the same direction.

8. The transmission line as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the rotation axis, the opening directions of two adjacent receiving cavities are opposite.

9. The transmission line as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission line includes a transition inner conductor, a first inner conductor rotatably connected to one end of the transition inner conductor, and a second inner conductor rotatably connected to the other end of the transition inner conductor.

10. The transmission line as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The transmission line includes a rotating shaft, and the first inner conductor, the second inner conductor, and the transition inner conductor are respectively connected to the rotating shaft and are respectively rotatable about the axis of the rotating shaft.

11. The transmission line as described in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first outer conductor is at least partially sleeved outside the second outer conductor.

12. The transmission line as described in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The transmission line includes a transition outer conductor, a first outer conductor rotatably connected to one end of the transition outer conductor, and a second outer conductor rotatably connected to the other end of the transition outer conductor.

13. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, Along the length direction of the first line segment unit, the two ends of the first inner conductor respectively include a first inner coupling surface, and the two ends of the first outer conductor respectively include a first outer coupling surface; Along the length direction of the second line segment unit, the two ends of the second inner conductor respectively include a second inner coupling surface, and the two ends of the second outer conductor respectively include a second outer coupling surface; One of the first inner coupling surfaces of the first inner conductor is used for electrical coupling with one of the second inner coupling surfaces of the second inner conductor, and one of the outer coupling surfaces of the first outer conductor is used for electrical coupling with one of the second outer coupling surfaces of the second outer conductor.

14. The transmission line as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The two first inner coupling surfaces of the first inner conductor are parallel, and the two first outer coupling surfaces of the first outer conductor are parallel. The two inner coupling surfaces of the second inner conductor are parallel, and the two outer coupling surfaces of the second outer conductor are parallel.

15. The transmission line as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The two first inner coupling surfaces of the first inner conductor are arranged at an angle, and the two first outer coupling surfaces of the first outer conductor are arranged at an angle. The angle between the two first inner coupling surfaces is the same as the angle between the two first outer coupling surfaces. The two inner coupling surfaces of the second inner conductor are arranged at an angle, and the two outer coupling surfaces of the second outer conductor are arranged at an angle. The angle between the two inner coupling surfaces is the same as the angle between the two outer coupling surfaces.

16. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that, The first outer conductor includes a middle section of the first outer conductor and first outer conductor ends connected to both ends of the middle section of the first outer conductor; the first inner conductor includes a middle section of the first inner conductor and first inner conductor ends connected to both ends of the middle section of the first inner conductor. The second outer conductor includes a middle section of the second outer conductor and second outer conductor ends connected to both ends of the middle section of the second outer conductor; the second inner conductor includes a middle section of the second inner conductor and second inner conductor ends connected to both ends of the middle section of the second inner conductor. The first inner conductor end is rotatably connected to the second inner conductor end, and the first outer conductor end is rotatably connected to the second outer conductor end.

17. The transmission line as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, The first outer conductor includes two first side plates disposed opposite to each other, and the first inner conductor is disposed between the two first side plates at a distance, with the same end of the two side plates forming the end of the first outer conductor; The second outer conductor includes two second side plates disposed opposite to each other, and the second inner conductor is disposed between the two second side plates at a distance, with the same end of the two side plates forming the end of the second outer conductor.

18. The transmission line as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The first outer conductor includes a first connecting plate connected between the two first side plates, with each of the first side plates protruding from both ends of the first connecting plate; The second outer conductor includes a second connecting plate connected between the two second side plates, with each end of the second side plate protruding from the ends of the second connecting plate.

19. The transmission line as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first inner conductor forms a first spherical sleeve, and the second inner conductor forms a first spherical end, which is rotatably accommodated within the first spherical sleeve. The first outer conductor has a second spherical sleeve, and the second outer conductor has a second spherical end, which is rotatably accommodated within the second spherical sleeve. The first spherical end, the first spherical sleeve, the second spherical end, and the second spherical sleeve share a common center.

20. The transmission line as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that, The first spherical sleeve has a first mounting port and a first notch. The first mounting port is used for the first spherical end to extend into the first spherical sleeve, and the first notch penetrates the inner and outer surfaces of the first spherical sleeve and communicates with the first mounting port. The second spherical sleeve has a second mounting port and a second notch. The second mounting port is used for the second spherical end to extend into the second spherical sleeve, and the second notch penetrates the inner and outer surfaces of the second spherical sleeve and communicates with the second mounting port.

21. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1-20, characterized in that, The surface of the first inner conductor used to connect to the second inner conductor is provided with an insulating structure, and / or the surface of the second inner conductor used to connect to the first inner conductor is provided with an insulating structure; The surface of the first outer conductor used to connect to the second outer conductor is provided with an insulating structure, and / or the surface of the second outer conductor used to connect to the first outer conductor is provided with an insulating structure.

22. The transmission line as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, The insulating structure includes at least one of an insulating pad and an insulating coating.

23. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1-22, characterized in that, A first support is provided between the first inner conductor and the first outer conductor, and a second support is provided between the second inner conductor and the second outer conductor.

24. The transmission line according to any one of claims 1-23, characterized in that, The first inner conductor is provided with conductive branches, and the conductive branches are electrically connected to the first outer conductor; Alternatively, the second inner conductor may be provided with conductive branches, which are electrically connected to the second outer conductor.

25. A transmission line assembly, characterized in that, The transmission line assembly includes a plurality of transmission lines as described in any one of claims 1-24, wherein the plurality of transmission lines are arranged side by side along a connection direction perpendicular to the first segment unit and the second segment unit.

26. An antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a radiating element and an antenna connector, wherein the radiating element and the antenna connector are electrically connected via a transmission line as described in any one of claims 1-24, or the radiating element and the antenna connector are electrically connected via a transmission line assembly as described in claim 25.

27. The antenna as claimed in claim 26, characterized in that, The first line segment unit is connected to the antenna connector, and the first inner conductor is provided with conductive branches that are electrically connected to the first outer conductor.

28. A base station, characterized in that, The base station includes an antenna, which is the antenna as described in claim 26 or 27.

29. The base station as described in claim 28, characterized in that, The base station includes a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency processing unit, and the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna's feed network through the radio frequency processing unit.

30. The base station as described in claim 29, characterized in that, The radio frequency processing unit is integrated with the antenna.

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