Method for deep plunge flat profile grinding

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, and more particularly to grinding methods, and can be used in all fields of mechanical engineering during the manufacture of parts having large machining allowances. The claimed method includes communicating rotary movement and a grinding depth-setting movement to a grinding wheel, and communicating a longitudinal feed movement to the part to be machined or to the grinding wheel. In addition, an oscillating movement is communicated to the grinding wheel or to the part to be machined, wherein said oscillating movement follows a curved path having a radius of curvature that is greater than the radius of the outer surface of the grinding wheel, or follows a straight path that is inclined toward the longitudinal feed direction by a set angle determined by the claimed relation. The result is an increase in machining productivity in the case of deep plunge flat profile grinding.

Description

[0001] Method of plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding

[0002] Field of technology to which the invention relates

[0003] The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to grinding methods, and can be applied in all branches of mechanical engineering in the manufacture of parts that have large technological allowances for mechanical processing.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] A method for controlling flat plunge grinding (see RU 2076035 C1, published March 27, 1997) is known from the prior art. In this method, the workpiece is shifted relative to the worktable in the direction of travel by an amount determined by taking into account measured values ​​of the phase and wavelength, the elastic displacement of the grinding wheel relative to the worktable, the table speed, and the pass number. The amount of shift of the workpiece relative to the worktable in each pass is determined by a specific relationship.

[0006] The disadvantages of the analogue are the relatively low productivity of processing the part and the impossibility of using the method for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding.

[0007] A method for surface grinding is also known from the prior art (see RU 2182068 C2, published 10.05.2002), which involves imparting counter-directional rotation and feed motion to two straight-profile grinding wheels mounted on coaxial shafts, and a reciprocating motion to the workpiece relative to the wheels. The grinding wheels rotate at equal speeds, and one of them is mounted on the shaft at an angle α to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation to oscillate the working surface of the wheel and excites axial vibrations in said wheel, dependent on the magnitude of said angle α, by mounting it on the shaft movably in the axial direction using a corrugated flange. Disadvantages of this analogue also include the relatively low productivity of the part processing and the impossibility of using the method for plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding.

[0008] A prior art method for oscillating cylindrical plunge-cut external grinding with spark-out (see RU 2377112 C1, published 27.12.2009) involves rotating the workpiece and grinding wheel under axial oscillating motion and continuously or periodically feeding the grinding wheel in the radial direction. The workpiece is clamped in axially movable centers, and axial oscillating motions are applied to the workpiece during the spark-out stage with an amplitude selected within the grit size of the grinding wheel.

[0009] The disadvantages of the analogue also include the relatively low productivity of processing the part and the impossibility of using the method for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding.

[0010] The closest analogue, accepted as a prototype, is the method of plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding (see Method of plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding / Deep grinding of parts from difficult-to-machine parts / / S. S. Silin, V. A. Khrulkov, A. V. Lobanov, N. S. Rykunov. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1984, 64 p.), in which the grinding wheel is given a rotational motion and a positioning motion to a given grinding depth, and the workpiece or grinding wheel is given a longitudinal feed motion.

[0011] The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low productivity of processing the part.

[0012] The technical objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing level of technology.

[0013] In solving the technical problem, the invention achieves a technical result consisting of increasing the productivity of plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding. Disclosure of the essence of the invention

[0014] The invention is a method for plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding, which includes imparting to the grinding wheel a rotational motion and a positioning motion to a given grinding depth, and to the workpiece or grinding wheel a longitudinal feed motion, wherein, according to the invention, the grinding wheel or workpiece is additionally imparted an oscillating motion along a curved path having a radius of curvature exceeding the radius of the outer surface of the grinding wheel, or along a rectilinear path having an inclination to the direction of the longitudinal feed at an angle a < arcs ■inJ I> -

[0015] V Sects where 8 is the allowance for the roughing pass; d Kmax - the maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel.

[0016] Implementation of the invention

[0017] The plunge-cut surface-profile deep-feed grinding method involves imparting rotary and positioning motion to the grinding wheel at a predetermined grinding depth. The workpiece or grinding wheel is then fed longitudinally.

[0018] In this case, the grinding wheel or the workpiece is additionally given an oscillating motion along a curved path having a radius of curvature exceeding the radius of the outer surface of the grinding wheel, or along a rectilinear path having an inclination to the direction of longitudinal feed at an angle

[0019] ■ I a < arcsinJ - d to max where 8 is the allowance for the roughing pass; d K max - the maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel.

[0020] So, before starting the processing, the non-rotating grinding wheel is moved vertically upwards so that it does not interfere with the loading of the workpiece.

[0021] The workpiece is secured in the fixture.

[0022] The grinding wheel is set in a direction parallel to the axis of its rotation, in the position required for processing.

[0023] Then, in the direction coinciding with the direction of longitudinal feed, such a mutual arrangement of the grinding wheel and the workpiece is ensured that its right edge is located at a distance of 1 from the vertical axis of the grinding wheel.

[0024] 8 - metal removal depth in the upcoming technological pass; d K - maximum diameter of the outer surface of the grinding wheel.

[0025] The grinding wheel is lowered to a position corresponding to the specified grinding depth, and its rotation, longitudinal feed, and oscillating motion are turned on. The stroke length during oscillating motion is equal to: for a rectilinear trajectory of movement a - the angle between the directions of longitudinal feed and oscillating motion; for a curvilinear trajectory

[0026] Next, the workpiece is ground. Processing stops when the workpiece is completely free of contact with the grinding wheel.

[0027] In this case, the grinding wheel and the workpiece are moved to the loading / unloading position, and the rotation of the grinding wheel is switched off.

[0028] Examples of specific implementation of the method

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The plunge-cut surface-profile deep-feed grinding method involves imparting rotary and positioning motion to the grinding wheel at a predetermined grinding depth, and longitudinal feed motion to the workpiece. The grinding wheel is additionally imparted oscillating motion along a curved path with a radius of curvature exceeding the radius of the grinding wheel's outer surface. The following parameters are used:

[0031] - material of the workpiece - heat-resistant nickel-based alloy ЖС6К;

[0032] - roughing pass allowance 8=10 mm;

[0033] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =100 mm;

[0034] - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel ktakh = 450 mm;

[0035] - radius of oscillating motion R oc =600 mm;

[0036] - length of oscillating motion 1 х = 3 = 70.1 mm;

[0037] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel I = ^(d K -d) + 3 = 69.3 mm;

[0038] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =76 mm / min.

[0039] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 2.2 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 10.2 minutes.

[0040] Example 2: A method for plunge-cut surface-profile deep-cut grinding involves imparting a rotary motion and positioning motion to a grinding wheel at a predetermined grinding depth, and a longitudinal feed motion to the workpiece. The workpiece is additionally imparted an oscillating motion along a curved path with a radius of curvature exceeding the radius of the grinding wheel's outer surface.

[0041] The parameters are as follows:

[0042] - material of the workpiece - 40X steel;

[0043] - rough pass allowance 8=20 mm;

[0044] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =150 mm;

[0045] - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel ktax=500 mm;

[0046] - - radius of oscillating motion R oc =600 mm;

[0047] - length of oscillating motion 1 х = 3 = 103 mm;

[0048] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel I = ^(d K -d) + 3 = 101 mm;

[0049] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =48 mm / min.

[0050] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 5.2 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 35.1 minutes.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The method of plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding involves imparting a rotary motion and a positioning motion to the grinding wheel at a given grinding depth, and a longitudinal feed motion to the workpiece. In this case, the grinding wheel is additionally imparted an oscillating motion along a rectilinear trajectory inclined to the direction of the longitudinal feed at an angle of 3 a < arcsin d to max, where 8 is the allowance for the roughing pass; d K max - the maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel.

[0053] The parameters are as follows:

[0054] - material of the workpiece - heat-resistant nickel-based alloy ЖС26 ВИ;

[0055] - roughing pass allowance 8=15 mm;

[0056] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =100 mm;

[0057] - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel 6 k tah = 500 mm;

[0058] - the calculated value of the angle of inclination of the oscillating movement of the grinding wheel is a<9.93°, the accepted value of the angle is a=7°;

[0059] - length of oscillating motion 1 х = — — + 3, mm = 89.6 mm; sin a

[0060] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel I = ^(d K -d) + 3 = 88.3 mm;

[0061] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =52 mm / min.

[0062] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 3.6 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 18.8 minutes.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] The plunge-cut surface-profile deep-feed grinding method involves imparting a rotary motion and a positioning motion to the grinding wheel at a predetermined grinding depth, as well as a longitudinal feed motion. The grinding wheel is additionally imparted an oscillating motion along a curved path with a radius of curvature exceeding the radius of the grinding wheel's outer surface.

[0065] The parameters are as follows:

[0066] - material of the workpiece - heat-resistant nickel-based alloy ЖС26 ВИ;

[0067] - roughing pass allowance 8=15 mm;

[0068] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =100 mm;

[0069] - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel d K max = 500 mm;

[0070] - radius of oscillating motion R oc =600 mm;

[0071] - length of oscillating motion 1 х = ^ -dK + 3 = 89.6 mm;

[0072] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel + 3 = 88.3 mm;

[0073] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =51 mm / min.

[0074] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 3.7 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 18.8 minutes.

[0075] Example 5

[0076] A method of plunge-cut surface-profile deep-feed grinding involves imparting a grinding wheel with a rotary motion, a positioning motion to a predetermined grinding depth, and a longitudinal feed motion. The workpiece is additionally imparted with an oscillating motion along a curved path with a radius of curvature exceeding the radius of the grinding wheel's outer surface.

[0077] The parameters are as follows:

[0078] - material of the workpiece - KhVG steel;

[0079] - roughing pass allowance 8=15 mm;

[0080] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =150 mm; - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel d K max 500 mm;

[0081] - radius of oscillating movement 600 mm;

[0082] - length of oscillating motion 3 = 89.6 mm;

[0083] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel + 3 = 88.3 mm;

[0084] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =63 mm / min.

[0085] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 3.7 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 23.8 minutes.

[0086] Example 6

[0087] A method of plunge-cut surface-profile deep-feed grinding, involving imparting to the grinding wheel a rotary motion, a positioning motion to a predetermined grinding depth, and a longitudinal feed motion. In this process, the grinding wheel is additionally imparted an oscillating motion along a rectilinear path inclined at an angle to the direction of the longitudinal feed.

[0088] ■ I a < arcsinJ - d to max where 8 is the allowance for the roughing pass; d K max - the maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel.

[0089] The parameters are as follows:

[0090] - material of the workpiece - KhVG steel;

[0091] - roughing pass allowance 8=15 mm;

[0092] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =150 mm;

[0093] - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel бктах=500 MM; - calculated value of the angle of inclination of the oscillating movement of the grinding wheel a<9.93°, accepted value of the angle a=7°;

[0094] - length of oscillating motion 1 х = — — + 3, mm = 89.6 mm; sin a

[0095] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel + 3 = 88.3 mm;

[0096] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =64.6 mm / min.

[0097] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 3.7 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 23.8 minutes.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] A method of plunge-cut surface-profile deep-feed grinding, involving imparting rotary and positioning motion to the grinding wheel at a predetermined grinding depth, and longitudinal feed motion to the workpiece. The workpiece is additionally imparted oscillating motion along a rectilinear path inclined at an angle to the direction of longitudinal feed.

[0100] ■ I a < arcsinJ -

[0101] V d to max where 8 is the allowance for the roughing pass; d K max - the maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel.

[0102] The parameters are as follows

[0103] - material of the workpiece - 40X steel;

[0104] - rough pass allowance 8=20 mm;

[0105] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =150 mm;

[0106] - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel бкшах=500 mm; - calculated value of the angle of inclination of the oscillating movement of the grinding wheel a<11.47°, accepted value of the angle a=7°;

[0107] - length of oscillating motion 1 х = — — + 3, mm = 100 mm; sin a

[0108] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel + 3 = 101 mm;

[0109] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =49 mm / min.

[0110] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 5.2 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 35.1 minutes.

[0111] Example 8

[0112] The method of plunge-cut surface-profile deep-feed grinding involves imparting a grinding wheel with a rotary motion, a positioning motion to a predetermined grinding depth, and a longitudinal feed motion. The workpiece is additionally imparted with an oscillating motion along a rectilinear path inclined at an angle to the direction of the longitudinal feed.

[0113] ■ I a < arcsinJ -

[0114] V d to max where 8 is the allowance for the roughing pass; d K max - the maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel.

[0115] The parameters are as follows:

[0116] - material of the workpiece - KhVG steel;

[0117] - roughing pass allowance 8=15 mm;

[0118] - length of the treated surface 1 Д =150 mm;

[0119] - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel d Kmax=500 mm; calculated value of the angle of inclination of the oscillating movement of the grinding wheel a<9.93°, accepted value of the angle a=7°;

[0120] - length of oscillating motion 1 х = — — + 3, mm = 89.6 mm; sin a

[0121] - the initial distance from the right edge of the part to the vertical axis of the grinding wheel + 3 = 88.3 mm;

[0122] - longitudinal feed speed of the part V x =64.6 mm / min.

[0123] The processing time for plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding using the proposed method was 3.7 minutes, while for analogs and the prototype it was at least 23.8 minutes.

[0124] The above non-limiting examples with specific parameters for implementing the method show that higher processing productivity during plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding is ensured by introducing, in addition to the existing actuator movements, an oscillating movement of the grinding wheel relative to the workpiece or the workpiece relative to the grinding wheel.

[0125] Thus, the invention makes it possible to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and increase the productivity of processing by plunge-cut flat-profile deep grinding.

[0126] A search of publicly available information sources showed that the entire set of features of the proposed invention is not known or clearly evident from the prior art, and therefore the invention meets the patentability requirements of “novelty” and “inventive step.”

[0127] The claimed invention consists of elements and materials standard in this field of technology, interacting in a specific manner and in specific relationships. This means that the invention can be used industrially, thereby satisfying the patentability requirement of "industrial applicability." It should be understood that after a specialist has reviewed the provided description and example of the proposed invention, other changes, modifications, and implementation options will become apparent. Therefore, all such changes, modifications, and implementation options, as well as other applications that do not deviate from the essence of the present invention, should be considered protected by the present invention within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Invention formula 1. A method for plunge-cut surface-profile deep grinding, including imparting to the grinding wheel a rotational motion and a positioning motion to a given grinding depth, and to the workpiece or grinding wheel a longitudinal feed motion, characterized in that the grinding wheel or workpiece is additionally imparted an oscillating motion along a curved path having a radius of curvature exceeding the radius of the outer surface of the grinding wheel, or along a rectilinear path having an inclination to the direction of the longitudinal feed at an angle of a < arcs ■inJ I - V d to max where 8 is the roughing allowance, mm; d K max - maximum possible outer diameter of the grinding wheel, mm.

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