Internet-of-things communication method and apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communications. Provided are an Internet-of-Things communication method and apparatus, and a storage medium. In the method, an Internet-of-Things device can acquire or send configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates a resource position of at least one random access opportunity, and the Internet-of-Things device can transmit a target random access signal at the resource position of each random access opportunity. By means of the method of the present disclosure, random access resources in Internet-of-Things communication can be flexibly indicated.

Description

An Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, device, and storage medium

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411594197.6, filed on November 8, 2024, entitled "An Internet of Things Communication Method, Apparatus and Storage Medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, apparatus, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0003] Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) aims to provide a low-power, low-complexity, and low-cost Internet of Things solution.

[0004] In related technologies, random access resources are configured in a semi-static manner, meaning multiple resources are predefined, and the resources used are then indicated by system information. Due to the limited communication capabilities of A-IoT devices, their random access process needs to be triggered by a reader. Existing resource configuration methods cannot be used; therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for configuring random access resources for A-IoT devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides an Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, apparatus, and storage medium that can flexibly indicate random access resources in IoT communication.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, applied to an IoT device or a first device, the method comprising:

[0007] Determine configuration information, which indicates the resource location of at least one random access opportunity;

[0008] Transmit the target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, applied to an IoT device or a first device, the device comprising:

[0010] A determining unit is configured to determine configuration information, the configuration information indicating the resource location of at least one random access opportunity;

[0011] A transceiver unit is used to transmit a target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

[0012] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, applied to an IoT device or a first device, the device comprising: a memory, a transceiver, and a processor.

[0013] The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0014] Determine configuration information, which indicates the resource location of at least one random access opportunity;

[0015] Transmit the target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a non-transitory readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a processor to execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0017] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device that stores a computer program for causing a processor to execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0018] This disclosure provides an Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, apparatus, and storage medium. In this method, an IoT device can acquire or send configuration information indicating the resource location of at least one random access opportunity. The IoT device can transmit a target random access signal at the resource location of each random access opportunity. This method allows for flexible indication of random access resources in IoT communication.

[0019] It should be understood that the description in the foregoing summary section is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure or related technologies, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the four-step random access process in related technologies;

[0022] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the two-step random access process in related technologies;

[0023] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of the second application scenario provided by the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 3C is a schematic diagram of the third application scenario provided by the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 3D is a schematic diagram of the application scenario provided by the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3E is a schematic diagram of the application scenario provided by the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 is a flowchart of an IoT communication method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the location of the first random access opportunity in the time domain provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the IoT communication method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 7A is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of a random access opportunity provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 8B is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 9A is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 9B is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0037] Figure 9C is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 9D is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0040] Figure 11 is a flowchart of the Internet of Things communication method provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram eleven of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram (twelfth) of the temporal location of the random access opportunity provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things communication device 10 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0045] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things communication device 20 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, some of the terms and technologies involved in the embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below.

[0047] 1. A-IoT devices

[0048] A-IoT devices have little or no energy storage capacity and can obtain energy from environmental sources such as wind, light, pressure, and wireless signals. They are characterized by low power consumption, low cost, and low complexity.

[0049] The 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) categorizes A-IoT devices into three types based on power consumption and performance:

[0050] Type 1: This type of A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of approximately 1μW, energy storage capabilities, and an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) as high as 10X ppm. It lacks signal amplification capabilities in both reader-to-device (R2D) signal reception and device-to-reader (D2R) signal transmission. It requires backscattering of an externally provided carrier signal to achieve D2R signal transmission.

[0051] Type 2: This type of A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of ≤ several hundred μW, has energy storage function, and an initial SFO of up to 10X ppm; it has signal amplification capability during R2D signal reception and / or D2R signal transmission; and it needs to achieve D2R signal transmission by backscattering the externally provided carrier signal.

[0052] Type 3: This type of A-IoT device has a peak power consumption of ≤ several hundred μW, has energy storage function, and an initial SFO of up to 10X ppm; it has signal amplification capability during R2D signal reception and / or D2R signal transmission; and it can generate D2R signals internally.

[0053] 2. Backscatter communication

[0054] A backscatter communication system consists of an excitation signal source and a signal reflection device. It typically comprises a reader and a reflective tag. The reader generates a radio frequency signal (the excitation signal), and the reflective tag is a device that reflects this excitation signal. The reader sends the excitation signal to the reflective tag; the radio frequency signal reaches the surface of the tag's antenna and forms a reflected echo, i.e., the backscatter signal. By changing the load impedance of the tag's antenna, information is modulated into the backscatter signal. Specifically, when the reflection coefficient is configured as the first reflection coefficient, the energy of the excitation signal is completely absorbed by the tag antenna; when the reflection coefficient is configured as the second reflection coefficient, the excitation signal is completely reflected; and when the reflection coefficient is configured as the third reflection coefficient, the excitation signal is partially absorbed and partially reflected.

[0055] 3. Random access and resource configuration

[0056] New Radio (NR) systems use random access, where the base station assigns a unique identifier to user equipment (UE) and also identifies which UEs are accessing the system. Random access can be divided into two categories:

[0057] (1) 4-step random access

[0058] As shown in Figure 1, the four-step random access process includes the following steps: ① The UE sends a preamble sequence, i.e., message (Msg)1, on the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH); ② The UE receives a random access response (RAR) message, i.e., Msg2, on the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) / Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH); ③ The UE sends message 3, i.e., Msg3, on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH); ④ The UE receives a contention resolution message, i.e., Msg4, on the PDSCH channel.

[0059] Before initiating the random access procedure, the UE obtains the set of synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) indexes, physical layer time-frequency resources, random access preamble sequence format, and random access preamble sequence set parameters through system broadcast messages. Then, based on the obtained information, the UE generates a random access preamble sequence and initiates random access on the corresponding physical layer random access time-frequency resources.

[0060] The base station detects the physical random access channel (PRACH). If the base station detects a preamble sequence, it sends a corresponding RAR message on the PDCCH / PDSCH. After sending the random access preamble sequence, the UE checks for RAR messages on the downlink PDCCH / PDSCH within a RAR time window. If a corresponding RAR message is detected, it indicates that the random access preamble sequence sent by the UE was detected by the base station. This RAR message also contains the UE's uplink timing advance adjustment amount. Based on this adjustment amount, the UE can obtain uplink synchronization and then send an uplink scheduling request (SR) message for subsequent data transmission.

[0061] (2) Two-step random access

[0062] As shown in Figure 2, the two-step random access process includes the following steps: ① The UE sends message 1, which contains uplink data in addition to the random access preamble sequence; ② The base station sends message 2, which contains the random access preamble identifier and timing advance command (TAC), as well as the UE identifier (ID) or cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) used for contention resolution.

[0063] In Long Term Evolution (LTE) and NR, the configuration of PRACH time-domain resources is determined by looking up a predefined configuration table in the protocol. For each configuration index, the table defines the period, system frame number, subframe / slot number, start symbol index within a slot, and the number of random access occasions (ROs). There are 256 configurable indices, notified by 8 bits of signaling in System Information Block (SIB) 1. The number of different RACH frequency-domain resources used for frequency division multiplexing on the same time-domain resources is 1, 2, 4, or 8, notified by 2 bits of signaling in SIB 1.

[0064] 4. Labels

[0065] Tags, also known as electronic tags, smart tags, radio frequency tags, transponders, or data carriers, typically consist of coupling elements and chips. Each tag has a unique identifier, such as an electronic code. In some scenarios, tags can be attached to objects to identify them.

[0066] 5. Reader

[0067] A reader, also known as a reading device, scanner, reader head, communicator, or reader-writer, is typically used to read (and sometimes write) tag information. Readers can be handheld or stationary devices.

[0068] 6. Other terms

[0069] In this disclosure, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0070] In this disclosure, the term "at least one" refers to one or more items, and "more than one" refers to two or more items. Other quantifiers are similar. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can be represented as: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be a single item or multiple items.

[0071] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes and to distinguish the objects being described. They do not indicate any order or limit on the number of objects in the embodiments of this disclosure, and cannot constitute any limitation on the embodiments of this disclosure. For example, the use of terms such as "first random access signal" and "second random access signal" is only to distinguish different random access signals, and does not indicate any difference in the size, priority, or importance of the two random access signals.

[0072] To better understand the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the application scenarios of the embodiments of this disclosure are described below.

[0073] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 3A, it includes a network device and an A-IoT device. The network device can send A-IoT data or signals to the A-IoT device; the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT data and signals sent by the network device and sends a corresponding response signal; the network device can receive the response signal sent by the A-IoT device.

[0074] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of the second application scenario provided by the embodiments of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 3B, it includes a network device, an intermediate node, and an A-IoT device. The intermediate node can send A-IoT device data or signals to the A-IoT device; the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT device data or signals sent by the intermediate node and sends a corresponding response signal; the intermediate node can receive the response signal sent by the A-IoT device; the network device and the intermediate node can communicate through the Uu interface.

[0075] Figure 3C is a schematic diagram of the third application scenario provided by the embodiments of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 3C, it includes a network device, an auxiliary node, and an A-IoT device. The auxiliary node can send A-IoT data or signals to the A-IoT device; the A-IoT device receives the A-IoT data or signals sent by the auxiliary node and sends a corresponding response signal; the network device can receive the response signal sent by the A-IoT device; the network device and the auxiliary node can communicate through the Uu interface.

[0076] Figure 3D is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 3D, it includes a network device, an auxiliary node, and an A-IoT device. The network device can send A-IoT data or signals to the A-IoT device; the A-IoT device can receive the A-IoT data or signals sent by the network device and send a corresponding response signal; the auxiliary node can receive the response signal sent by the A-IoT device; the network device and the auxiliary node can communicate through the Uu interface.

[0077] Figure 3E is a schematic diagram of the fifth application scenario provided by the embodiments of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 3E, it includes a terminal and an A-IoT device. The terminal can send A-IoT data or signals to the A-IoT device; the A-IoT device can receive the A-IoT data or signals sent by the terminal and send a corresponding response signal; the terminal can receive the response signal sent by the A-IoT device.

[0078] It should be noted that the above application scenarios and the number of devices in each application scenario are merely examples. For example, the number of A-IoT devices can also be other values. This disclosure does not limit the application scenarios or the number of devices in each application scenario.

[0079] The technical solutions provided in this disclosure can be applied to a variety of systems. For example, applicable systems may include LTE systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, long term evolution advanced (LTE-A) systems, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) systems, 5G NR systems and their evolved communication systems, and 6G (sixth generation mobile communication technology) systems. These systems may include terminals and network equipment. The systems may also include a core network component, such as evolved packet core (EPC) and 5G core network (5GC).

[0080] The network device involved in this disclosure can be a base station, which may include multiple cells providing services to the UE. Depending on the application, the base station may also be called an access point, or a device in the access network that communicates with the wireless terminal through one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names. The network device can be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets, acting as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network may include an Internet Protocol (IP) communication network. The network device can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the network device involved in this disclosure can be an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in an LTE system, a 5G base station (gNB) in a 5G network architecture (next generation system), or a home evolved node B (HeNB), relay node, femto, pico, network testing equipment, etc., and is not limited in this disclosure. In some network architectures, network devices may include centralized unit (CU) nodes and distributed unit (DU) nodes, which may also be geographically separated.

[0081] The UE involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The UE can also be referred to as a terminal. A wireless terminal can be a USB storage device, other personal computer memory devices, and a dongle. It can also communicate with one or more core networks (CNs) via a radio access network (RAN). A wireless terminal can be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal. For example, it can be a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile device that exchanges voice and / or data with the radio access network. Examples include personal communication service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, session initiated protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal computers, tablets, machine-type communication (MTC) terminals, and other devices. Wireless terminals may also be referred to as systems, subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, mobile devices, remote stations, access points, remote terminals, access terminals, user terminals, user agents, user devices, and wireless access devices and routers / modems that meet the limitations of this definition, but are not limited in the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0082] In the embodiments disclosed herein, terms such as "message," "signal," "signaling," and "information" can be used interchangeably.

[0083] When an A-IoT device needs to transmit data, the reader first needs to obtain the device ID of the A-IoT device through random access technology. Random access for A-IoT devices is initiated by the base station. The A-IoT device initiates random access on the resources used for random access through a contention mechanism in time slot ALOHA, for example, Msg1. For A-IoT devices that successfully compete for Msg1, the base station sends an acknowledgment message via Msg2. After receiving the acknowledgment message from Msg2, the A-IoT device performs Msg3 transmission on the subsequent Msg3 resource, thus completing the random access process. Unlike the random access technologies of LTE and NR, the random access of A-IoT devices has the following characteristics:

[0084] I. Random access to A-IoT is initiated by the base station;

[0085] Second, A-IoT has a wide range of application scenarios and business types, including inventory, command, positioning, and sensors; it requires relatively flexible configuration to support different application scenarios or business types.

[0086] Third, A-IoT does not support system message sending, nor does it have corresponding SIB messages;

[0087] Fourth, A-IoT does not support radio resource control (RRC) status, nor does it transmit RRC signaling.

[0088] In summary, the embodiments of this disclosure provide an IoT communication method, apparatus, and storage medium suitable for A-IoT systems. Specifically, this disclosure provides a method for configuring random access resources for A-IoT devices. The method of this disclosure allows for flexible indication of random access resources in IoT communication. The method and apparatus are based on the same concept, and since the principles by which the method and apparatus solve the problem are similar, implementations of the apparatus and method can be mutually referenced, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0089] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0090] Figure 4 is a flowchart of an IoT communication method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes:

[0091] S401. Determine the configuration information, which indicates the resource location of at least one random access opportunity.

[0092] S402. Transmit the target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

[0093] It should be noted that the execution subject of this embodiment can be an Internet of Things (IoT) device or a first device, or an IoT communication device installed in an IoT device or a first device. The IoT communication device can be implemented by software or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0094] The IoT device in this embodiment can be an A-IoT device. The first device can be a reader, or a device with reader functionality, such as a network device, intermediate node, auxiliary node, or UE.

[0095] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a random access opportunity can refer to the location where a random access signal is transmitted, and can be simply referred to as an access opportunity. A random access opportunity can be an access opportunity randomly used by multiple IoT devices, or it can be an access opportunity used by a specific IoT device among multiple IoT devices.

[0096] The resource location of each random access opportunity includes at least one of the following: the time domain location, the frequency domain location, and the code domain location of the random access opportunity.

[0097] The following is a detailed explanation of the contents involved in S401.

[0098] First, let me explain how the configuration information is determined.

[0099] In one possible implementation, IoT devices can determine configuration information in the following two ways:

[0100] (1) Obtain configuration information from its own internal system.

[0101] If the configuration information is predefined, the IoT device can obtain the configuration information from its own internal structure.

[0102] (2) Receive configuration information sent by the first device.

[0103] (3) Obtain a portion of configuration information from its own internal system and receive another portion of configuration information from the first device.

[0104] The configuration information determined by an IoT device can indicate the resource location of one or more random access opportunities.

[0105] The first device can obtain configuration information by referring to the method used to determine configuration information for IoT devices. The configuration information determined by the first device can indicate the resource location of a random access opportunity.

[0106] When an IoT device sends configuration information to a first device, the configuration information can indicate the resource location of a random access opportunity. When the first device sends configuration information to the IoT device, the configuration information can indicate the resource location of one or more random access opportunities.

[0107] The following details the contents of the configuration information. In some implementations, the configuration information may include at least one of the following:

[0108] (1) Target reference position

[0109] In one possible implementation, the target reference location is the reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity, or the reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0110] When the configuration information indicates a single random access opportunity, the target reference location can be the reference location of that random access opportunity. When the configuration information indicates multiple random access opportunities, the target reference location can be the reference location of the first random access opportunity among the multiple random access opportunities, or the reference location of each random access opportunity among the multiple random access opportunities.

[0111] In this context, the first random access opportunity among multiple random access opportunities refers to the earliest random access opportunity in the time domain. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the configuration information indicates three random access opportunities, which are arranged sequentially from first to last in the time domain as: Random Access Opportunity 1, Random Access Opportunity 2, and Random Access Opportunity 3. In this case, the first random access opportunity is Random Access Opportunity 1.

[0112] When the target reference position is the reference position of the first random access opportunity among multiple random access opportunities, the reference position of subsequent random access opportunities can be the starting or ending position of the random access opportunity whose time domain location precedes it. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the reference position of random access opportunity 2 can be the starting or ending position of random access opportunity 1.

[0113] When the target reference location is the reference location of each of the multiple random access opportunities, it indicates that the multiple random access opportunities share a single target reference location.

[0114] Regardless of which random access opportunity the target reference location is, it can be the starting resource reference location for that random access opportunity.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the target reference location is the resource reference location of the first signal. When the configuration information indicates one random access opportunity, the reference location of that random access opportunity is the resource reference location of the first signal. When the configuration information indicates multiple random access opportunities, the reference location of the first random access opportunity among the multiple random access opportunities is the resource reference location of the first signal; or the reference location of each random access opportunity among the multiple random access opportunities is the resource reference location of the first signal.

[0116] The first signal includes any one of the following: a preamble for R2D signal transmission, a mid-guide for R2D signal transmission, a post-guide for R2D signal transmission, a preamble for D2R signal transmission, a mid-guide for D2R signal transmission, a post-guide for D2R signal transmission, a signal for R2D signal transmission other than the signal indicating configuration information, a data signal for R2D transmission, a signal for D2R signal transmission other than the signal indicating configuration information, a data signal for D2R transmission, a signal carrying configuration information, a signal triggering random access, a random access signal, a downlink (DL) signal, and an uplink (UL) signal.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the resource reference position of the first signal includes at least one of the starting resource reference position and the ending resource reference position of the first signal.

[0118] The resource reference position of the first signal can also be the resource position at the start of the transmission of the first signal, and / or the resource position at the end of the transmission of the first signal. The resource position at the start of the transmission of the first signal can refer to the first resource position among the resource positions for transmitting the first signal, that is, the first resource position among the resource positions for transmitting the first signal. The resource position at the end of the transmission of the first signal can refer to the last resource position among the resource positions for transmitting the first signal, that is, the last resource position among the resource positions for transmitting the first signal.

[0119] In one possible implementation, the target reference location includes at least one of the following: a time-domain reference location, a frequency-domain reference location, and a code-domain reference location. The time-domain reference location includes at least one of the following: the earliest time of the time-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the latest time of the time-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the earliest time of the time-domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; and the latest time of the time-domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity. The frequency-domain reference location includes at least one of the following: the lowest frequency of the frequency-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the center frequency (also referred to as the center frequency point) of the frequency-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the lowest frequency of the frequency-domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency-domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; and the center frequency of the frequency-domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0120] The time-domain reference position of the first random access opportunity can refer to the starting time-domain reference position of that random access opportunity, and the frequency-domain reference position of the first random access opportunity can refer to the starting frequency domain of that random access opportunity.

[0121] (2) Resource location offset

[0122] The number of resource location offsets can be one or more.

[0123] When the configuration information indicates only one random access opportunity, there is only one resource location offset. When the configuration information indicates multiple random access opportunities, there can be one or more resource location offsets. When there is only one resource location offset, the interval between adjacent random access opportunities and the interval between the first random access opportunity and the first signal are both that resource location offset. When there are multiple resource location offsets, it means that the offset value of each random access opportunity relative to the target reference position is different.

[0124] In one possible implementation, the resource location offset includes the granularity of the resource location offset and / or the numerical value of the resource location granularity offset.

[0125] The granularity of resource location offset includes at least one of the following:

[0126] A. Same resource granularity as the target reference location

[0127] That is, the granularity of the resource location offset is the resource granularity of the target reference location.

[0128] B. The resource granularity is the same as the resource granularity after mathematical operation at the target reference location.

[0129] Mathematical operations include: finding the maximum value, finding the minimum value, or finding the value according to predefined rules.

[0130] C. Resource granularity identical to the target random access signal

[0131] That is, the granularity of the resource location offset is the same as the resource granularity of the random access signal of the transmission target.

[0132] D. Granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset

[0133] The granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset includes at least one of the specified time-domain location offset granularity and the specified frequency-domain location offset granularity.

[0134] The granularity of the specified time-domain position offset includes at least one of the following: frame, sub-frame, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, chip length, slot, and mini-slot. A frame is the same as an NR frame; a sub-frame is the same as an LTE or NR sub-frame; chip length is the basic time unit for A-IoT transmission, which can be the basic time unit for information transmission before or after encoding; a slot can be an NR or LTE slot, a transmission time unit of a specific A-IoT transport block size (TBS), or a time unit composed of M A-IoT chip lengths; a mini-slot can be an NR or LTE mini-slot, a transmission time unit of a specific A-IoT TBS, or a time unit composed of M / N A-IoT chip lengths.

[0135] The granularity of the specified time-domain position offset includes at least one of the following: a specific frequency domain range, a frequency label for a specific frequency domain range, a specific bandwidth range, a specific frequency domain offset parameter (M value of a defined chip length within each OFDM symbol of a binary on-off keying (OOK) symbol based on discrete Fourier transformation (DFT), M value of the number of sub-bands divided at the frequency point of the inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) of the OOK symbol based on DFT), a resource block (RB), a resource element (RE), or a bandwidth part (BWP).

[0136] In one possible implementation, the resource location granularity offset value can refer to the resource location offset value counted in units of resource location offset granularity. The resource offset granularity can be predefined, configured by the base station, configured by the reader, indicated by RRC signaling, indicated by the NR control channel, or indicated by R2D signaling.

[0137] (3) Resource Scope

[0138] The resource range is the resource range that persists for each random access opportunity.

[0139] The number of resource ranges can be one or more. When there is only one resource range, it means that all random access opportunities have the same persistent resource range, which is the configured resource range; when there are multiple resource ranges, it means that different random access opportunities can have different persistent resource ranges.

[0140] The resource granularity of the resource range is the same as the granularity of the resource location offset. For example, the time granularity of the time domain range is the same as the granularity of the time domain location offset, and the frequency granularity of the frequency domain range is the same as the granularity of the frequency domain location offset.

[0141] (4) Number of random access opportunities

[0142] The number of random access opportunities can be a dimensionless integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0143] The number of random access opportunities can be used to indicate the index of random access opportunities as indicated by the configuration information.

[0144] (5) Index of random access opportunities indicated by configuration information

[0145] (6) The reference position of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity

[0146] For a description of the reference location, please refer to the corresponding description of the target reference location mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.

[0147] (7) Minimum resource interval between adjacent random access opportunities

[0148] The minimum resource interval may include the granularity of the resource interval and / or the numerical value of the resource interval (the numerical value obtained by counting in units of granularity).

[0149] The granularity of the resource interval is the same as the granularity of the resource location offset. The value of the resource location granularity offset can be predefined, configured by the base station, configured by the reader, indicated by RRC signaling, indicated by NR control channel or information, or indicated by R2D signal.

[0150] (8) The minimum resource interval between the signal carrying configuration information and the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity. The definition of the minimum resource interval can be referred to in item (7), and will not be repeated here.

[0151] The signal carrying configuration information is time-domain separated from the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity by zero or a first duration.

[0152] (9) The number of resource units occupied by at least one random access opportunity

[0153] This refers to the number of resource units occupied by all random access opportunities. The number of resource units can include the number of time-domain units and / or the number of frequency-domain units.

[0154] (10) The resource location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0155] The resource location of the first random access opportunity can be the starting resource location of the first random access opportunity.

[0156] The resource location of the first random access opportunity can also be determined by the reference location, resource location offset, and resource range of the first random access opportunity.

[0157] The resource location of the first random access opportunity can also be determined by the minimum resource interval between the signal carrying configuration information and the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity, as well as the resource end position of the signal carrying configuration information.

[0158] Alternatively, the resource element closest to the resource end position of the signal carrying configuration information can be used as the resource location of the first random access opportunity. For example, the OFDM symbol closest to the time-domain end position of the signal carrying configuration information can be used as the time-domain location of the first random access opportunity.

[0159] (11) The resource location of the last random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0160] The resource location of the last random access opportunity can be either the starting resource location or the ending resource location of the last random access opportunity.

[0161] The resource location of the last random access opportunity can also be determined by the reference location, resource location offset, and resource range of the last random access opportunity.

[0162] For a description of the reference location, please refer to the corresponding description of the target reference location mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.

[0163] When the configuration information includes only at least one of the above 11 items, the remaining items can be predefined.

[0164] The signals that carry configuration information are described in detail below.

[0165] In one possible implementation, the configuration information is carried in at least one of the following signals: a signal that triggers random access, a random access signal, an R2D signal sent with the random access signal, a D2R signal sent with the random access signal, a signal carried in the physical reader to device channel (PRDCH), and a signal carried in the physical device to reader channel (PDRCH).

[0166] The signal that triggers random access can include any of the following: a paging message sent by the reader, a random access trigger message, or Msg0.

[0167] The paging message can be a paging message initiated for at least one A-IoT device.

[0168] The trigger message for random access can be a trigger message initiated for at least one A-IoT device. The trigger message for random access can include at least one of the following: a trigger message / signaling sent by the reader to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access; a trigger message / signaling for different signals to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access; and a trigger message / signaling for instructing the A-IoT device to send backscattered D2R based signals according to the reader's instructions; wherein, the different signals for random access can include Msg1, Msg2, and Msg3, and a trigger message / signaling for instructing the A-IoT device to initiate timer timing.

[0169] The target random access signal involved in S402 will be described in detail below.

[0170] In one possible implementation, the target random access signal includes: random access signals of the same type from multiple IoT devices and / or random access signals of at least one type from IoT devices.

[0171] The types of random access signals include any one of the following: a first random access signal (also known as Msg1), a second random access signal (also known as Msg2), and a third random access signal (also known as Msg3); wherein, the first random access signal is a signal carrying the identifier of the Internet of Things device, the second random access signal is a response signal to the first random access signal, and the third random access signal is a signal carrying data information.

[0172] For example, the identifier of an IoT device can be a globally unique identifier, a temporary identifier, an identifier under specific conditions, or an identifier uniquely associated with the IoT device. Identifiers under specific conditions can include: ① Unique or non-unique identifiers within a specific scope. The specific scope can include a global scope, a designated area (e.g., at least one cell, one reader, or a group of IoT devices within one reader). The corresponding identifier can be a globally unique or non-unique identifier, a unique or non-unique identifier within one reader, or a unique or non-unique identifier within a group of A-IoT devices within one reader. ② Unique or non-unique identifiers within a segment of resources. For example, an identifier within a segment of time-domain resources. In some implementations, assuming the reader is configured with N time-domain resource units, the A-IoT device is configured with only one identifier within those N time-domain resource units. When the identifier of an IoT device is globally unique, the length of that identifier is greater than or equal to the length of other identifiers of the device.

[0173] Regarding the second random access signal, from the perspective of the IoT device, the second random access signal can be the response information corresponding to the first random access signal successfully sent by the IoT device on the first random access resource, and / or the response information corresponding to the first random access signal not successfully sent by the IoT device on the first random access resource. From the perspective of the reader, the second random access signal can be the response information corresponding to the first random access signal successfully received by the reader on the first random access resource, and / or the response information corresponding to the first random access signal not successfully received by the reader on the first random access resource. The response information may include at least one of the following: acknowledgment (ACK) information, negative acknowledgment (NACK) information, other data information, and other control information.

[0174] The data information carried in the third random access signal can be data information that is a unique identifier used by IoT devices to communicate with the reader; it can also be other information, such as data information that IoT devices need to report, data information that IoT devices need to respond to reader scheduling, and control information that IoT devices need to transmit.

[0175] In one possible implementation, the configuration parameters of the target random access signal are the same as those of the first signal. The relevant description of the first signal has been described above and will not be repeated here. The configuration parameters may include at least one of the following: modulation scheme, coding scheme, data transmission rate, and transmission resource block size.

[0176] The target random access signal uses the same configuration parameters as the first signal, which can greatly reduce the overhead of random access indication signaling, the complexity of IoT devices, and energy consumption.

[0177] Based on the above, the process of this disclosure will be explained in detail below.

[0178] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the IoT communication method provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, the method includes:

[0179] S601, The first device sends configuration information to the IoT device, the configuration information indicating the resource location of at least one random access opportunity.

[0180] In other words, the IoT device receives configuration information sent by the first device.

[0181] For descriptions of the first device, IoT device, and configuration information, please refer to the corresponding content mentioned above, and they will not be repeated here.

[0182] The following details how to determine the resource location of a random access opportunity when the configuration information is different.

[0183] Option 1: The configuration information includes the target reference location, resource location offset, and resource range.

[0184] IoT devices can determine the starting resource location of each random access opportunity based on the target reference location and resource location offset. Based on the starting resource location and resource range, they can determine the resource location of the random access opportunity (i.e., the transmission resource location of the target random access signal).

[0185] IoT devices can transmit a target random access signal at a transmission resource location. For example, the transmission time domain location can be determined based on the time domain range and the starting time domain location, and the IoT device can transmit the target random access signal within that transmission time domain location. A first device can receive the target random access signal at the corresponding random access opportunity. Alternatively, the first device can transmit the target random access signal within a configured random access opportunity, and the IoT device can receive the target random access signal within the configured random access opportunity.

[0186] The transmission resource location of the target random access signal may include the transmission resource location of the target random access signal and / or the reception resource location of the target random access signal. The transmission resource location of the target random access signal includes at least one of the following: the resource location of the random access signal sent by the first device to the IoT device, and the resource location of the random access signal sent by the IoT device to the first device. The reception resource location of the target random access signal includes at least one of the following: the resource location of the first device receiving the random access signal from the IoT device, and the resource location of the IoT device receiving the random access signal from the first device.

[0187] The following example illustrates how to determine the resource location of a random access opportunity.

[0188] Example 1

[0189] Using configuration information to indicate the resource location of a random access opportunity, with the signal carrying the configuration information being an R2D signal, the target reference location including the starting time-domain reference location and the starting frequency-domain reference location of the random access opportunity, the resource location offset including the time-domain location offset and the frequency-domain location offset of the random access opportunity, and the resource range including the time-domain range and the frequency-domain range as an example, this explains how to determine the time-domain location and frequency-domain location of the random access opportunity.

[0190] As shown in Figure 7A, the starting time-domain reference position of the random access opportunity is the starting time-domain position of the R2D signal carrying configuration information. The IoT device determines the starting time-domain position of the random access opportunity based on the starting time-domain reference position and the time-domain position offset of the random access opportunity. Based on the starting time-domain position and time-domain range of the random access opportunity, the device determines the time-domain position of the random access opportunity.

[0191] As shown in Figure 7B, the initial frequency domain reference position of the random access opportunity is the center frequency point of the R2D signal carrying the configuration information. The IoT device determines the center frequency point position of the random access opportunity based on the initial time domain reference position and the frequency domain position offset of the random access opportunity. Based on the center frequency point position and frequency domain range of the random access opportunity, the frequency domain position of the random access opportunity is determined.

[0192] Example 2

[0193] Using configuration information to indicate the resource locations of multiple random access opportunities, with the signal carrying the configuration information being an R2D signal, the target reference location including the starting time-domain reference location and the starting frequency-domain reference location of the random access opportunity, the resource location offset including the time-domain location offset and the frequency-domain location offset of each random access opportunity, and the resource range including the time-domain range and the frequency-domain range as an example, this explains how to determine the time-domain and frequency-domain locations of multiple random access opportunities.

[0194] As shown in Figure 8A, there are 3 random access opportunities. The starting time domain reference position of the 3 random access opportunities is the starting time domain position of the R2D signal carrying the configuration information. The IoT device determines the starting time domain position of the 3 random access opportunities based on the starting time domain reference position and the time domain position offset of the 3 random access opportunities. Based on the starting time domain position and time domain range of the 3 random access opportunities, the device determines the time domain position of the 3 random access opportunities.

[0195] As shown in Figure 8B, there are 3 random access opportunities. The starting frequency domain reference position of the 3 random access opportunities is the center frequency point of the R2D signal carrying the configuration information. The IoT device determines the center frequency point position of the 3 random access opportunities based on the starting time domain reference position and the frequency domain position offset of the 3 random access opportunities. Based on the center frequency point position and frequency domain range of the 3 random access opportunities, the frequency domain position of the 3 random access opportunities is determined.

[0196] It should be noted that at least one of the target reference location, resource location offset, and resource range in the configuration information can be predefined, but the configuration information does not have to include predefined parameters. For example, the configuration information includes the target reference location and resource range, while the resource location offset is predefined.

[0197] Option 2: The configuration information includes the number of random access opportunities, the index of the random access opportunities, and the resource range.

[0198] Taking the configuration information indicating the resource location of a random access opportunity, the signal carrying the configuration information as an R2D signal, and the resource range including the time domain range as an example, this explains how to determine the time domain location of the random access opportunity.

[0199] As shown in Figure 9A, R2D signal 1 indicates the number of random access opportunities as N, the random access opportunity index as 1, and the resource range as 1. A minimum resource interval (including a first duration) is predefined between the signal carrying configuration information and the random access opportunity indicated by the configuration information. The IoT device determines the starting time-domain position of random access opportunity 1 based on the time-domain end position of R2D signal 1 and the first duration, and determines the time-domain position of random access opportunity 1 based on the starting time-domain position of random access opportunity 1 and the time-domain range as 1. R2D signal 2 indicates the random access opportunity index as 2 and the resource range as 2. The IoT device determines the starting time-domain position of random access opportunity 2 based on the time-domain end position of R2D signal 2 and the first duration, and determines the time-domain position of random access opportunity 2 based on the starting time-domain position of random access opportunity 2 and the time-domain range as 2. Similarly, the R2D signal N indicates the random access opportunity index N and the resource range N. The IoT device determines the starting time domain position of the random access opportunity N based on the time domain end position and the first duration of the R2D signal N, and determines the time domain position of the random access opportunity N based on the starting time domain position and the time domain range N.

[0200] As shown in Figure 9B, each R2D signal indicates the index and resource range of the corresponding random access opportunity. The minimum resource interval (including the first duration) between the signal carrying configuration information and the random access opportunity indicated by the configuration information is predefined. The method for determining the time-domain location of the N random access opportunities can be seen in the example shown in Figure 9A.

[0201] As shown in Figure 9C, R2D signal 1 indicates that the number of random access opportunities is N, the random access opportunity index is 1, a predefined resource range (i.e., all random access opportunities share a resource range), and the minimum resource interval (including the first duration) between the signal carrying configuration information and the random access opportunity indicated by the configuration information; the remaining R2D signals indicate the random access opportunity index. The time-domain location of the N random access opportunities can be determined by referring to the example shown in Figure 9A.

[0202] As shown in Figure 9D, each R2D signal indicates the index of the corresponding random access opportunity, a predefined resource range (i.e., all random access opportunities share a resource range), and the minimum resource interval (including the first duration) between the signal carrying configuration information and the random access opportunity indicated by the configuration information. The method for determining the time-domain location of the N random access opportunities can be illustrated by the example shown in Figure 9A.

[0203] The difference between the example shown in Figure 9A and the example shown in Figure 9B is that the first R2D signal in each round of inventory indicates the total number of random access opportunities. This allows IoT devices to configure their access parameters based on the number of random access opportunities, such as the range of random numbers used by the A-IoT device for random access, or the grouping indication of resources used for random access. When the number of random access opportunities is indicated, the A-IoT device can configure its random access parameters, such as the range of random numbers or the grouping indication of resources used for random access, based on the number of random access opportunities. If only the random access opportunity index is indicated, then the random access opportunity index is the range of random numbers used by the A-IoT device for random access, and the identifier of the grouping indication.

[0204] It should be noted that the frequency domain location can be determined by referring to the method for determining the time domain location described above.

[0205] It should be noted that the minimum resource interval can also be indicated by the first device for the IoT device. Within the continuous resource window (i.e., the resource location of the random access opportunity) of each random access opportunity, if the first device does not receive the target random access signal from the IoT device within at least the first 50% of the resources within the continuous resource window, the first device can initiate the configuration information for the next random access opportunity. This can reduce the latency of random access and the waste of resources.

[0206] Option 3: The configuration information includes the number of random access opportunities, the reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity, the resource range, and the minimum resource interval between adjacent random access opportunities.

[0207] The main difference between Option 3 and Option 2 is that Option 3 can use a single R2D signal to indicate multiple random access opportunities.

[0208] As shown in Figure 10, the R2D signal indicates N random access opportunities, the resource range of each random access opportunity, and the minimum resource interval (including the second duration) between adjacent random access opportunities. The offset between the first random access opportunity and its reference position is predefined. The IoT device determines the starting time-domain position of random access opportunity 1 based on the reference position and offset of the first random access opportunity among at least one random access opportunity. Based on the starting time-domain position and time-domain range 1 of random access opportunity 1, the device determines the time-domain position of random access opportunity 1. Based on the ending time-domain position and the second duration of random access opportunity 1, the device determines the starting time-domain position of random access opportunity 2. Based on the starting time-domain position and time-domain range 2 of random access opportunity 2, the device determines the time-domain position of random access opportunity 2. Similarly, based on the ending time-domain position and the second duration of random access opportunity N-1, the device determines the starting time-domain position of random access opportunity N. Based on the starting time-domain position and time-domain range N of random access opportunity N, the device determines the time-domain position of random access opportunity N.

[0209] It should be noted that the frequency domain location can be determined by referring to the method for determining the time domain location described above.

[0210] Option 4: The configuration information includes the number of resource units occupied by at least one random access opportunity (e.g., the number of time-domain units and the number of frequency-domain units occupied by all random access opportunities), the resource range, and the resource location of the first random access opportunity among at least one random access opportunity.

[0211] Resource units may include time-domain units and frequency-domain units.

[0212] For example, the time domain unit can be an NR DL time slot, an NR UL time slot, an NR DL mini time slot, an NR UL mini time slot, an NR DL OFDM symbol, an NR UL OFDM symbol, an A-IoT R2D chip length, or an A-IoT D2R chip length.

[0213] Resource range, also known as resource size or resource length, includes time domain range and frequency domain range. The time domain range can be represented by the number of time domain units, for example, a time domain range of 4 chip units; the frequency domain range can be represented by the number of frequency domain units, for example, a frequency domain range of 4 RBs.

[0214] The resource range for each random access opportunity can be the same or different. Taking the time domain range as an example, if the configuration information indicates 4 random access opportunities, then the time domain ranges for the 4 random access opportunities can be 4 time units, 8 time units, 4 time units, and 8 time units, respectively. The frequency domain range can be referenced from the time domain range.

[0215] The resource location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity includes the time domain location and the frequency domain location of the first random access opportunity.

[0216] The temporal location of the first random access opportunity can be indicated by at least one of the following methods:

[0217] ① A minimum time domain interval is predefined for the indication signal to be transmitted to D2R. The control signal indicates that D2R transmission should be performed after the minimum time domain interval (for example, the symbol closest to the end position of the time domain of the minimum time domain interval is used as the start position of the D2R signal in the time domain).

[0218] ② The control signal indicates the position N time units away from the R2D signal for D2R transmission (for example, the symbol closest to the end of the time domain of N time units is taken as the start time domain position of the D2R signal).

[0219] ③ The control signal indicates the position of the R2D signal at an interval of Mμs / ms, and performs D2R transmission (for example, the symbol closest to the end position of the time domain at Mμs / ms is taken as the start position of the D2R signal in the time domain).

[0220] ④ After the R2D signal transmission is completed, the symbol closest to the end position of the R2D signal in the time domain is taken as the start position of the D2R signal in the time domain.

[0221] S602. An IoT device transmits a target random access signal at the resource location of any one of at least one random access opportunity.

[0222] A random access opportunity can transmit a target random access signal.

[0223] For any given random access opportunity, the IoT device can transmit a target random access signal at the resource location of that random access opportunity, and correspondingly, the first device can receive the target random access signal at the resource location of that random access opportunity. Alternatively, the first device can transmit the target random access signal at the resource location of that random access opportunity, and correspondingly, the IoT device can receive the target random access signal at the resource location of that random access opportunity.

[0224] In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the first device, by indicating configuration information, enables IoT devices to complete a random access process based on different configuration information instructions. The beneficial effects are:

[0225] a) The first device indicates that a timer (slot counter) needs to be maintained on the first device side to indicate the starting position of the random access opportunity and to maintain the random access persistence resource (i.e., resource range). Thus, the maintenance of this timer does not need to be on the IoT device side, reducing the complexity and power consumption of the IoT device.

[0226] b) If the first device does not receive a random access signal from the IoT device within the random access opportunity indicated by the configuration information within the predefined resource window (the resource window includes a frequency domain window and a time domain window; for example, the time domain window can be half the duration of the random access opportunity), the first device can continue to send the next configuration information to indicate the next random access opportunity. This allows for timely adjustment of resource utilization efficiency, adjustment of the configuration of subsequent random access opportunities, and reduction of the latency of random access by IoT devices.

[0227] c) Since the resource range for each random access opportunity can be indicated separately, the resource range for each access opportunity can be the same or different; this provides greater flexibility for different service types or use cases.

[0228] d) By adopting dynamic signaling to indicate configuration information, it is possible to flexibly indicate the resource information of random access, the location of resource configuration, the number of resource configurations, the range of resource configurations, etc., which is more suitable for different application scenarios and different business types of IoT devices.

[0229] f) By using the same modulation and coding scheme for random access signals as other data information, additional signaling overhead can be saved, reducing the complexity of IoT device monitoring and lowering IoT power consumption. Alternatively, R2D or D2R information transmission can be scheduled by simply sending R2D control information.

[0230] For ease of understanding, the following embodiments illustrate the process of this disclosure. The embodiments described below use a first device as a reader and an A-IoT device as an example.

[0231] Example 1

[0232] The R2D signal indicates the reference location of the random access opportunity, the resource location offset of the random access opportunity relative to the reference location, and the resource range of the random access opportunity (e.g., the time domain range and frequency range of the access opportunity). As shown in Figure 11, it includes:

[0233] S1101, The first R2D signal of the reader configuring random access resource configuration information (i.e., the aforementioned configuration information).

[0234] Random access resources include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, and code-domain resources.

[0235] Random access resource configuration includes at least one of time-domain resource configuration, frequency-domain resource configuration, and code-domain resource configuration.

[0236] The random access signal includes at least one of the following signals: a first random access signal (i.e., Msg1), a second random access signal (i.e., Msg2), and a third random access signal (i.e., Msg3).

[0237] In addition to carrying configuration information through the first R2D signal, configuration information can also be carried through PRDCH, paging messages sent by the reader, or trigger messages from random access.

[0238] As shown in Figure 12, the configuration information carried by the PRDCH includes the reference position of the random access opportunity, the resource position offset of each random access opportunity, and N random access opportunities, where the resource range of each access opportunity is predefined. The time when the PRDCH is completed is set as the reference time. The starting positions of different random access opportunities can be as follows: the first random access opportunity 1 is at a time offset by (k+0) random access time units relative to the reference time; the second random access opportunity 2 is at a time offset by (k+3) random access time units relative to the reference time; the third random access opportunity 3 is at a time offset by (k+8) random access time units relative to the reference time; and so on, with the Nth random access opportunity N being at a time offset by (k+x) random access time units relative to the reference time.

[0239] The paging message sent by the reader may include at least one of the following: an indication message sent by the reader to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access, an indication message to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate inventory, an indication message to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate command execution, an indication message to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate information reporting, or an indication message to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate location.

[0240] The paging message sent by the reader can be a paging message initiated for at least one A-IoT device.

[0241] The trigger message for random access can be at least one of the following: a trigger message / signaling sent by the reader to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access; a trigger message / signaling to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access with different information; a trigger message / signaling to instruct the A-IoT device to send backscatter-based D2R according to the reader's instruction; or a trigger message / signaling to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate a timer. The different information for random access includes Msg1, Msg2, and Msg3.

[0242] At least one parameter configuration of the random access signal, including: modulation scheme, coding scheme, data transmission rate, and transmission resource block size, may be the same as at least one parameter configuration of the first signal. The first signal has been described above and will not be repeated here.

[0243] S1102, Reader configures the second R2D signal for random access request information.

[0244] The second R2D signal carries the R2D signaling / information sent by the reader to the A-IoT device. The second R2D signal can be used to trigger the A-IoT device to initiate random access, information inventory, commands, positioning, information reporting, etc.

[0245] The second R2D signal and the first R2D signal can be a single R2D signal or different components of a single R2D signal.

[0246] S1103, The reader sends a first R2D signal carrying random access resource configuration information.

[0247] The reader transmits a first R2D signal carrying random access resource configuration information based on the configuration information of the transmission resources of the first R2D signal. The configuration information of the transmission resources of the first R2D signal can be predefined by the base station or configured by the base station.

[0248] Accordingly, the A-IoT device obtains the random access resource configuration information indicated by the reader by receiving the first R2D signal.

[0249] S1104, The reader sends a second R2D signal carrying random access request information.

[0250] The reader transmits second R2D information carrying random access resource configuration according to the configuration information of the transmission resources for the second R2D information. The configuration information of the transmission resources for the second R2D information may be predefined by the base station or configured by the base station.

[0251] Accordingly, the A-IoT device obtains the random access request information indicated by the reader by receiving the second R2D signal.

[0252] S1105. The A-IoT device sends a response to the random access request based on the obtained random access resource configuration information and / or random access request information.

[0253] For example, an A-IoT device can perform the following actions sequentially based on random access resource configuration information: sending a first random access signal to the reader, receiving a second random access signal sent by the reader, and sending a third random access signal to the reader.

[0254] Example 2

[0255] The R2D signal indicates the number of random access opportunities, the index of the random access opportunities, and the resource range of the random access opportunities.

[0256] S1, the first R2D signal of the reader configuring random access resource configuration information (i.e., the aforementioned configuration information).

[0257] The number of random access opportunities can also serve as an indicator of the starting position of the random access opportunity index. As shown in Figure 13, the R2D signal indicates the number of random access opportunities, that is, it indicates N access opportunities for the A-IoT device, corresponding to an index of N for this random access opportunity; the reader indicates N-1 access opportunities for the A-IoT device, corresponding to an index of N-1 for this random access opportunity; or, the reader indicates N access opportunities for the A-IoT device, corresponding to an index of 1 for this random access opportunity; the reader indicates N-1 access opportunities for the A-IoT device, corresponding to an index of 2 for this random access opportunity; and so on.

[0258] The reader can indicate the random access opportunity of an A-IoT device through at least one R2D signal indicating random access.

[0259] S2 to S5 are the same as S1102 to S1105 in Example 1, and will not be described again here.

[0260] Example 3

[0261] The R2D signal indicates the number of random access opportunities, the reference location of the first random access opportunity, the resource range of the random access opportunity, and the minimum resource interval between adjacent random access opportunities.

[0262] The main difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 is that Embodiment 3 can use a single R2D signal to indicate multiple random access opportunities. To enable the use of a single random access signaling indication, a minimum resource interval between different random access opportunities needs to be configured. The minimum resource interval can be configured via random access signaling or can be based on a predefined value. The minimum resource interval includes at least one of a time-domain resource interval and a frequency-domain resource interval.

[0263] The minimum resource interval includes the granularity of the resource interval and the value of the resource interval.

[0264] The execution steps of Example 3 can be found in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0265] Example 4

[0266] The R2D signal indicates the number of resource units occupied by all random access opportunities (e.g., the number of time units, the number of frequency units), the resource range of (each) random access opportunity, and the resource location of the first random access opportunity.

[0267] The main difference between Example 4 and Examples 2 and 3 is that Examples 2 and 3 indicate the number of random access opportunities, while Example 4 indicates the number of resource units occupied by all random access opportunities.

[0268] The execution steps of Example 4 can be found in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0269] Example 5

[0270] R2D signals jointly indicate the number of random access opportunities, the resource range of the random access opportunities, the starting resource location of the first random access opportunity, and the starting resource location of the last random access opportunity.

[0271] As shown in Figure 14, taking the resource range of a random access opportunity as a predefined parameter and other parameters as configuration examples, R2D signal 1 indicates N random access opportunities, meaning the index of the random access opportunity is N, and the resource position of random access opportunity N is determined based on the starting resource position and resource range of the first random access opportunity. R2D signal 2 indicates N-1 random access opportunities, meaning the index of the random access opportunity is N-1, and the resource position of random access opportunity N-1 is determined based on the starting resource position and resource range of the first random access opportunity. R2D signal 3 indicates N-2 random access opportunities, meaning the index of the random access opportunity is N-2, and the resource position of random access opportunity N-2 is determined based on the starting resource position and resource range of the first random access opportunity.

[0272] The execution steps of Example 5 can be found in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0273] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things communication device 10 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 15, the device 10 includes: a memory 11, a transceiver 12, and a processor 13.

[0274] Memory 11 is used to store computer programs; transceiver 12 is used to send and receive data under the control of processor 13; processor 13 is used to read the computer program stored in memory 11 and perform the following operations:

[0275] Determine the configuration information, which indicates the resource location of at least one random access opportunity;

[0276] Transmit the target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

[0277] In one implementation, the configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0278] Target reference location;

[0279] Resource location offset;

[0280] Resource scope;

[0281] The number of random access opportunities;

[0282] The index of random access opportunities indicated by the configuration information;

[0283] The reference position of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity;

[0284] Minimum resource interval between adjacent random access opportunities;

[0285] The minimum resource interval between the signal carrying configuration information and the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity;

[0286] The number of resource units occupied by at least one random access opportunity;

[0287] The resource location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity;

[0288] The resource location of the last random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0289] In one implementation, the target reference position is the resource reference position of the first signal;

[0290] The first signal includes any one of the following: a preamble for R2D signal transmission, a mid-guide for R2D signal transmission, a post-guide for R2D signal transmission, a preamble for D2R signal transmission, a mid-guide for D2R signal transmission, a post-guide for D2R signal transmission, a signal for R2D signal transmission other than the signal indicating configuration information, a data signal for R2D transmission, a signal for D2R signal transmission other than the signal indicating configuration information, a data signal for D2R transmission, a signal carrying configuration information, a signal triggering random access, a random access signal, a DL signal, and a UL signal.

[0291] In one implementation, the resource reference position of the first signal includes at least one of the start resource reference position and the end resource reference position of the first signal.

[0292] In one implementation, the target reference location is the reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity, or the reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0293] In one implementation, the target reference location includes at least one of the following: a time-domain reference location, a frequency-domain reference location, and a code-domain reference location.

[0294] In one implementation, the time-domain reference location includes at least one of the following: the earliest time of the time-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the latest time of the time-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the earliest time of the time-domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; and / or,

[0295] The frequency domain reference location includes at least one of the following: the lowest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the center frequency of the frequency domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the lowest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; and the center frequency of the frequency domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0296] In one implementation, the resource location offset includes the granularity of the resource location offset and / or the numerical value of the resource location granularity offset.

[0297] In one implementation, the granularity of the resource location offset includes at least one of the following:

[0298] The resource granularity is the same as that of the target reference location;

[0299] The resource granularity is the same as the resource granularity after mathematical operation at the target reference location;

[0300] Same resource granularity as the target random access signal;

[0301] The granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset.

[0302] In one implementation, mathematical operations include: finding the maximum value, finding the minimum value, or finding a value according to predefined rules; and / or,

[0303] The granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset includes at least one of the specified time-domain location offset granularity and the specified frequency-domain location offset granularity.

[0304] In one implementation, the granularity of the specified temporal position offset includes at least one of the following: frame, subframe, OFDM symbol, chip length, time slot, mini-time slot; and / or,

[0305] The granularity of frequency domain position offset includes at least one of the following: a specific frequency domain range, a frequency label for a specific frequency domain range, a specific bandwidth range, a specific frequency domain offset parameter, RB, RE, BWP.

[0306] In one implementation, the number of random access opportunities is used to indicate the index of the random access opportunities indicated by the configuration information.

[0307] In one implementation, the configuration information is carried in at least one of the following signals: a signal that triggers random access, a random access signal, an R2D signal sent with the random access signal, a D2R signal sent with the random access signal, a signal carried by the PRDCH, and a signal carried by the PDRCH.

[0308] In one implementation, the signal carrying configuration information is spaced in the time domain from the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity for zero or a first duration.

[0309] In one implementation, the target random access signal includes: random access signals of the same type from multiple IoT devices and / or random access signals of at least one type from IoT devices.

[0310] In one embodiment, the type of random access signal includes any one of the following: a first random access signal, a second random access signal, and a third random access signal;

[0311] Among them, the first random access signal is a signal carrying the identifier of the Internet of Things device, the second random access signal is a response signal to the first random access signal, and the third random access signal is a signal carrying data information.

[0312] In one implementation, the configuration parameters of the target random access signal are the same as the configuration parameters of the first signal.

[0313] In one implementation, the configuration parameters include at least one of the following: modulation scheme, encoding scheme, data transmission rate, and transmission resource block size.

[0314] The device 10 may also include a user interface 14. For different user devices, the user interface 14 may also be an interface that can connect to external or internal devices, including but not limited to keypad, display, speaker, microphone, joystick, etc.

[0315] The bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 13 and memory represented by memory 11. The bus architecture may also link various other circuits, such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 12 may be multiple elements, including transmitters and receivers, providing units for communicating with various other devices over transmission media, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, etc. Processor 13 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and memory 11 may store data used by processor 13 during operation.

[0316] In some implementations, the processor 13 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and the processor may also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0317] The processor 13 executes all method steps of the first device according to the obtained executable instructions by calling a computer program stored in the memory 11. The processor 13 and the memory 11 may also be physically separated.

[0318] It should be noted that the IoT communication device 10 provided in this disclosure can implement all the method steps implemented by the IoT device or the first device in the above method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described again here.

[0319] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things communication device 20 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 16, the device 20 includes:

[0320] The determining unit 21 is used to determine configuration information, which indicates the resource location of at least one random access opportunity;

[0321] The transceiver unit 22 is used to transmit a target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

[0322] In one implementation, the configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0323] Target reference location;

[0324] Resource location offset;

[0325] Resource scope;

[0326] The number of random access opportunities;

[0327] The index of random access opportunities indicated by the configuration information;

[0328] The reference position of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity;

[0329] Minimum resource interval between adjacent random access opportunities;

[0330] The minimum resource interval between the signal carrying configuration information and the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity;

[0331] The number of resource units occupied by at least one random access opportunity;

[0332] The resource location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity;

[0333] The resource location of the last random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0334] In one implementation, the target reference position is the resource reference position of the first signal;

[0335] The first signal includes any one of the following: a preamble for R2D signal transmission, a mid-guide for R2D signal transmission, a post-guide for R2D signal transmission, a preamble for D2R signal transmission, a mid-guide for D2R signal transmission, a post-guide for D2R signal transmission, a signal for R2D signal transmission other than the signal indicating configuration information, a data signal for R2D transmission, a signal for D2R signal transmission other than the signal indicating configuration information, a data signal for D2R transmission, a signal carrying configuration information, a signal triggering random access, a random access signal, a DL signal, and a UL signal.

[0336] In one implementation, the resource reference position of the first signal includes at least one of the start resource reference position and the end resource reference position of the first signal.

[0337] In one implementation, the target reference location is the reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity, or the reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0338] In one implementation, the target reference location includes at least one of the following: a time-domain reference location, a frequency-domain reference location, and a code-domain reference location.

[0339] In one implementation, the time-domain reference location includes at least one of the following: the earliest time of the time-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the latest time of the time-domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the earliest time of the time-domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; and / or,

[0340] The frequency domain reference location includes at least one of the following: the lowest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the center frequency of the frequency domain reference location of the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the lowest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity; and the center frequency of the frequency domain reference location of each random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity.

[0341] In one implementation, the resource location offset includes the granularity of the resource location offset and / or the numerical value of the resource location granularity offset.

[0342] In one implementation, the granularity of the resource location offset includes at least one of the following:

[0343] The resource granularity is the same as that of the target reference location;

[0344] The resource granularity is the same as the resource granularity after mathematical operation at the target reference location;

[0345] Same resource granularity as the target random access signal;

[0346] The granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset.

[0347] In one implementation, mathematical operations include: finding the maximum value, finding the minimum value, or finding a value according to predefined rules; and / or,

[0348] The granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset includes at least one of the specified time-domain location offset granularity and the specified frequency-domain location offset granularity.

[0349] In one implementation, the granularity of the specified temporal position offset includes at least one of the following: frame, subframe, OFDM symbol, chip length, time slot, mini-time slot; and / or,

[0350] The granularity of frequency domain position offset includes at least one of the following: a specific frequency domain range, a frequency label for a specific frequency domain range, a specific bandwidth range, a specific frequency domain offset parameter, RB, RE, BWP.

[0351] In one implementation, the number of random access opportunities is used to indicate the index of the random access opportunities indicated by the configuration information.

[0352] In one implementation, the configuration information is carried in at least one of the following signals: a signal that triggers random access, a random access signal, an R2D signal sent with the random access signal, a D2R signal sent with the random access signal, a signal carried by the PRDCH, and a signal carried by the PDRCH.

[0353] In one implementation, the signal carrying configuration information is spaced in the time domain from the first random access opportunity in at least one random access opportunity for zero or a first duration.

[0354] In one implementation, the target random access signal includes: random access signals of the same type from multiple IoT devices and / or random access signals of at least one type from IoT devices.

[0355] In one embodiment, the type of random access signal includes any one of the following: a first random access signal, a second random access signal, and a third random access signal;

[0356] Among them, the first random access signal is a signal carrying the identifier of the Internet of Things device, the second random access signal is a response signal to the first random access signal, and the third random access signal is a signal carrying data information.

[0357] In one implementation, the configuration parameters of the target random access signal are the same as the configuration parameters of the first signal.

[0358] In one implementation, the configuration parameters include at least one of the following: modulation scheme, encoding scheme, data transmission rate, and transmission resource block size.

[0359] It should be noted that the IoT communication device 20 provided in this disclosure can implement all the method steps implemented by the IoT device or the first device in the above method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described again here.

[0360] It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of this disclosure is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated units described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional units.

[0361] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, in essence, or the part that contributes to related technologies, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0362] This disclosure also provides a non-transitory readable storage medium storing a computer program that causes a processor to execute all method steps of the IoT device or the first device described in the above method embodiments.

[0363] Non-transitory readable storage media can be any available medium or data storage device that a computer can access, including but not limited to magnetic storage (such as floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical storage (such as CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc.), and semiconductor storage (such as ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0364] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any of the above method embodiments.

[0365] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this disclosure can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this disclosure can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this disclosure can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0366] This disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowchart illustrations and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0367] These processor-executable instructions may also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can instruct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0368] These processor-executable instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0369] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their equivalents, this disclosure is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things (IoT) communication method, wherein, The method includes: Determine configuration information, which indicates the resource location of at least one random access opportunity; Transmit the target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The configuration information includes at least one of the following: Target reference location; Resource location offset; Resource scope; The number of random access opportunities; The configuration information indicates the index of the random access opportunity; The reference position of the first random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; Minimum resource interval between adjacent random access opportunities; The minimum resource interval between the signal carrying the configuration information and the first random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; The number of resource units occupied by the at least one random access opportunity; The resource location of the first random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; The resource location of the last random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The target reference position is the resource reference position of the first signal; Wherein, the resource reference position of the first signal includes at least one of the start resource reference position and the end resource reference position of the first signal; and / or, The first signal includes any one of the following: a preamble for reader-to-device R2D signal transmission, a mid-guide for R2D signal transmission, a post-guide for R2D signal transmission, a preamble for device-to-reader D2R signal transmission, a mid-guide for D2R signal transmission, a post-guide for D2R signal transmission, a signal for R2D signal transmission other than the signal indicating the configuration information, a data signal for R2D transmission, a signal for D2R signal transmission other than the signal indicating the configuration information, a data signal for D2R transmission, a signal carrying the configuration information, a signal triggering random access, a random access signal, a downlink DL signal, and an uplink UL signal.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The target reference position is either the reference position of the first random access opportunity among the at least one random access opportunity, or the reference position of each random access opportunity among the at least one random access opportunity.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The target reference position includes at least one of the following: time-domain reference position, frequency-domain reference position, and code-domain reference position; Wherein, the time-domain reference position includes at least one of the following: the earliest time of the time-domain reference position of the first random access opportunity among the at least one random access opportunity; the latest time of the time-domain reference position of the first random access opportunity among the at least one random access opportunity; the earliest time of the time-domain reference position of each random access opportunity among the at least one random access opportunity; and / or, The frequency domain reference position includes at least one of the following: the lowest frequency of the frequency domain reference position of the first random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency domain reference position of the first random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; the center frequency of the frequency domain reference position of the first random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; the lowest frequency of the frequency domain reference position of each random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; the highest frequency of the frequency domain reference position of each random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity; and the center frequency of the frequency domain reference position of each random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The resource location offset includes the granularity of the resource location offset and / or the numerical value of the resource location granularity offset; The granularity of the resource location offset includes at least one of the following: The resource granularity is the same as that of the target reference location; The resource granularity is the same as the resource granularity after mathematical operation at the target reference location; The same resource granularity as the target random access signal; The granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The mathematical operations include: maximum value operation, minimum value operation, or operation of taking values ​​according to predefined rules; and / or, The granularity of the specified absolute resource location offset includes at least one of the specified time-domain location offset granularity and the specified frequency-domain location offset granularity.

8. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The number of random access opportunities is used to indicate the index of the random access opportunities indicated by the configuration information.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The configuration information is carried in at least one of the following signals: a signal that triggers random access, a random access signal, an R2D signal sent with the random access signal, a D2R signal sent with the random access signal, a signal carried by the physical channel PRDCH from reader to device, and a signal carried by the physical channel PDRCH from device to reader.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The time interval between the signal carrying the configuration information and the first random access opportunity in the at least one random access opportunity is zero or a first duration.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The target random access signal includes: random access signals of the same type from multiple IoT devices and / or at least one type of random access signal from the IoT devices.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The type of the random access signal includes any one of the following: a first random access signal, a second random access signal, or a third random access signal; Wherein, the first random access signal is a signal carrying the identifier of the IoT device, the second random access signal is a response signal to the first random access signal, and the third random access signal is a signal carrying data information.

13. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The configuration parameters of the target random access signal are the same as those of the first signal.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The configuration parameters include at least one of the following: modulation method, encoding method, data transmission rate, and transmission resource block size.

15. An Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, wherein, Applied to Internet of Things (IoT) devices or a first device, the apparatus includes: A determining unit is configured to determine configuration information, the configuration information indicating the resource location of at least one random access opportunity; A transceiver unit is used to transmit a target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

16. An Internet of Things (IoT) communication device, wherein, Applied to Internet of Things (IoT) devices or first devices, the device includes: a memory, a transceiver, and a processor. The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; the processor is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations: Determine configuration information, which indicates the resource location of at least one random access opportunity; Transmit the target random access signal at the resource location of any one of the at least one random access opportunities.

17. A non-transiently readable storage medium, wherein, The non-transiently readable storage medium stores a computer program that causes a processor to perform the method described in any one of claims 1-14.

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