A BIO-based co-polyamide composition
A bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide composition addresses the environmental concerns of petroleum-based PA6T by offering superior mechanical and dielectric properties, along with enhanced weld line strength, suitable for diverse applications.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BASF SE
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing semi-aromatic polyamide resins, such as PA6T unit-containing materials, are prepared from petroleum-based raw materials, leading to environmental pollution and resource consumption, and there is a need for eco-friendly alternatives with comparable mechanical properties.
A bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide composition comprising 50-70 wt% bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide, 20-30 wt% filler, 10-17 wt% halogen-free flame retardant, and 0-5 wt% additive, derived from renewable sources, to achieve improved mechanical, dielectric, and flame retardant properties.
The composition exhibits excellent mechanical properties, dielectric properties, resistance to high temperature, and improved weld line strength, making it suitable for various applications while reducing environmental impact.
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Figure PCTCN2025131229-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025131229-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025131229-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
A BIO-BASED CO-POLYAMIDE COMPOSITIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a polymeric material and in particular to a bio-based polyamide composition.BACKGROUND
[0002] Semi-aromatic polyamide resins and products developed from them are used extensively in various industries because of their outstanding properties. Among these, materials comprising polyamide (PA) resins having PA6T units---a polyamide segment obtained from polymerizing of 1, 6-hexamediamine and terephthalic acid---show superior mechanical properties, such as good tensile and flexural properties and desired impact resistance, and thus play an indispensable role in automotive-and connector-related applications. Despite this, the PA6T unit-containing resins have a non-negligible shortcoming of being prepared from hexamethylenediamine, a compound generally made from petroleum-based raw materials like benzene, propylene, or butadiene. It is known that these petroleum-based raw materials are obtained from petroleum through chemical processes, which are always associated with pollution and consumption of both natural resources and energy---this is undesired especially in the face of global challenges, including climate change, security, sustainable development and health. Given this, there is a demand to decrease the use of PA6T unit-containing materials and to develop alternative materials, which at least have comparable mechanical properties to PA6T unit-containing materials and may be more eco-friendly.SUMMARY
[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a novel material, which has good performances and can be eco-friendly.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a polyamide composition, comprising:
[0005] (a) 50 to 70 wt%of a bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide having an aromatic polyamide unit and an aliphatic polyamide unit, in which the aromatic polyamide unit is derived from terephthalic acid monomer and 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and the aliphatic polyamide unit is derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms and an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms;
[0006] (b) 20 to 30 wt%of at least one filler;
[0007] (c) 10 to 17 wt%of at least one halogen-free flame retardant; and
[0008] (d) 0 to 5 wt%of at least one other additive;
[0009] based on the total weight of the composition.
[0010] It has been surprisingly found that the inventive composition exhibits excellent and balanced properties, including mechanical properties, dielectric properties, resistance to high temperature, flame retardancy, and weld line strength. As a result, the inventive composition may be used in a wide range of applications.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0011] In the following passages, different aspects of the invention are defined in more detail. Each aspect so defined may be combined with any other aspect or aspects unless clearly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or features indicated as being preferred or advantageous.
[0012] Before the compositions of the invention are described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular compositions described, since such compositions may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the meaning commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.
[0013] As used herein, the term “comprising” , as used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to the means listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or components. It is thus to be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the scope of the expression “a composition comprising components A and B” should not be limited to compositions consisting only of components A and B; rather, it means that with respect to the present invention, the only relevant components of the composition are A and B. The terms “comprising” , “comprises” and “comprised of” as used herein are synonymous with “including” , “includes” or “containing” , “contains” , and are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, non-recited elements and components.
[0014] As used herein, the articles “a” , “an” and “the” may refer to one or to more than one (i.e., to at least one) of the grammatical object of the article. By way of example, “an element” means one element or more than one element.
[0015] Furthermore, whereas some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those familiar with the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
[0016] The present invention pertains to a polyamide composition, comprising:
[0017] (a) 50 to 70 wt%of a bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide having an aromatic polyamide unit and an aliphatic polyamide unit, in which the aromatic polyamide unit is derived from terephthalic acid monomer and 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and the aliphatic polyamide unit is derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms and an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms;
[0018] (b) 20 to 30 wt%of at least one filler;
[0019] (c) 10 to 17 wt%of at least one halogen-free flame retardant;
[0020] (d) 0 to 5 wt%of at least one other additive;
[0021] based on the total weight of the composition.
[0022] The inventive composition comprises a semi-aromatic polyamide having a polyamide segment derived from polymerizing 1, 5-pentanediamine and terephthalic acid. It has been surprisingly found that the inventive composition has excellent and balanced performances, including at least one of the following: good mechanical properties, good dielectric properties, good resistance to high temperature, good flame retardancy, and improved weld line strength. The properties of the inventive composition are not inferior to, or even much better than the existing materials, such as the materials comprising PA6T unit-containing co-polyamide.
[0023] The term “weld line” herein refers to, as understood by those skilled in the art, the fusion marks typically observed in plastic parts produced by injection or extrusion processes. During these processes, the melted plastic material, due to the complexity of the mold structure, is first split into multiple streams, which then converge and fuse at some positions in the mold, and, upon hardening, can form a monolithic article with complex morphology and / or structure. Typically, the converging streams do not fuse flawlessly into a seamless whole, but leaves fusion marks at the interface of the streams. These fusion marks are referred to as weld line. Weld lines are often undesirable in plastic articles because they may compromise the mechanical properties and aesthetics of the articles. However, it is difficult to eliminate weld lines with the prior art. Therefore, those skilled in the art are currently inclined to improve weld strength, such as the weld line strength, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the article.
[0024] As used herein, the term “semi-aromatic co-polyamide” has the meaning conventionally understood by those skilled in the art and refers to a co-polyamide generally obtained by copolymerizing an aromatic polyamide and an aliphatic polyamide and thus having both aromatic and aliphatic units.
[0025] As used herein, the term “unit” , for instance in the expression “PA5T unit” or any similar expression or context, refers to a polymer chain segment of the co-polyamide of the present invention. In the present invention, the term “unit” can be exchanged with “segment” .
[0026] As used herein, the term “PA5T” refers to a polyamide obtained by polymerizing pentanediamine and terephthalic acid. The term “PA6T” refers to a polyamide obtained by polymerizing hexanediamine and terephthalic acid. The term “PA56” refers to a polyamide obtained by polymerizing pentanediamine and hexanedioic acid. The term “PA66” refers to a polyamide obtained by polymerizing hexamethylene diamine and hexanedioic acid.
[0027] As used herein, the expression “PA5T-unit-containing co-polyamide” means that the co-polyamide has, among others, one or more PA5T units (or PA5T segments) in its molecule. It is evident to those skilled in the art that any similar expression herein can be interpreted similarly as described above.
[0028] The name of the polyamides herein follows the nomenclature conventionally used in the field. For example, the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the present invention has an aromatic polyamide unit and an aliphatic polyamide unit; therefore, the name of a semi-aromatic co-polyamide consists of the names of all these units separated from one another by a slash mark ( / ) , wherein the major segments (that is, the polyamide unit being present in higher contents in the polyamide) comes before the slash. For instance, PA5T / 56, a copolymer obtained by copolymerization of PA5T and PA56, comprises PA5T unit (s) and PA56 unit (s) in its molecular, with the PA5T unit (s) being major, i.e., PA5T units account for more than other unit (s) of the copolymer.
[0029] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the aliphatic polyamide units to the aromatic polyamide units is (0.05-0.95) : 1, preferably (0.3-0.9) : 1, more preferably (0.4-0.8) : 1. For example, the molar ratio of the aliphatic polyamide units to the aromatic polyamide units may be (0.05-0.95) : 1, (0.1-0.95) : 1, (0.15-0.95) : 1, (0.2-0.9) : 1, (0.25-0.9) : 1, (0.3-0.9) : 1, (0.3-0.85) : 1, (0.35-0.85) : 1, (0.4-0.85) : 1 or (0.4-0.8) : 1.
[0030] In some embodiments, the co-polyamide has 20-180 meq / kg, preferably 30-140 meq / kg, more preferably 40-90 meq / kg of amine end-group. For examples, the co-polyamide may have 20 meq / kg, 25 meq / kg, 30 meq / kg, 35 meq / kg, 40 meq / kg, 45 meq / kg, 50 meq / kg, 55 meq / kg, 60 meq / kg, 65 meq / kg, 70 meq / kg, 75 meq / kg, 80 meq / kg, 85 meq / kg, 90 meq / kg, 95 meq / kg, 100 meq / kg, 110 meq / kg, 120 meq / kg, 130 meq / kg, 140 meq / kg, 150 meq / kg, 160 meq / kg, 170 meq / kg, or 180 meq / kg of amine end-group, or within the range between any two of the above values. Preferably, the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide may have 45-85 meq / kg, preferably 48-82 meq / kg of amine end-group. In the present application, the amount of amine end-group or carboxyl end-group is measured by suitable method known in the art, for example, by the testing method described in HG / T 4182-2012.
[0031] In some embodiments, the aliphatic polyamide unit is derived from an aliphatic di-acid monomer having no greater than 10 carbon atoms, preferably no greater than 6 carbon atoms, and an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 10 carbon atoms, preferably no greater than 6 carbon atoms.
[0032] In some embodiments, the aliphatic di-acid monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid, and any combinations thereof. Preferably, the aliphatic di-acid monomer is at least one selected from a group consisting of glutaric acid, adipic acid, and any combinations thereof.
[0033] In some embodiments, the aliphatic di-amine monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, butylene diamine, pentanediamine and hexamethylene diamine, and any combinations thereof. Preferably, the aliphatic diamine monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of pentanediamine, hexamethylene diamine, and any combinations thereof.
[0034] In some embodiments, the aliphatic polyamide unit is polyamide 56 and / or polyamide 66.
[0035] In some embodiments, the co-polyamide may be, for example, polyamide 5T / 56 (PA5T / 56) or polyamide 5T / 66 (PA5T / 66) , or any combinations thereof.
[0036] The inventive composition is a bio-based polyamide composition. As used herein, the term “bio-based polyamide composition” refers to a composition that comprises at least one component produced from bio-based raw material (s) . In the present invention, the bio-based raw material is a substance obtained through biotransformation (e.g., fermentation and enzymatic conversion) , chemical or physical conversion of bio-based raw materials (such as biomasses, for instance, substances from plant and animal sources) , or biotransformation of petroleum-based raw material. The composition comprises, among others, a bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide with a 5T unit, thus being a bio-based polyamide composition. Because 1, 5-pentanediamine is generally available and can preferably be obtained from a bio-based source, the inventive composition may be environmentally friendly.
[0037] According to the present invention, 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer is preferably bio-based. In other words, 1, 5-pentanediamine as used in the present invention contains organic carbon from renewable sources. In some embodiments, the 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer is obtained from biomass, preferably from biological fermentation. By way of example, 1, 5-pentanediamine used in the present invention may be produced by converting lysine or its salts in the presence of lysine decarboxylase. This is beneficial to reduce carbon emissions.
[0038] In some embodiments, preferably, the composition comprises 50-60 wt%, preferably 50-55 wt%of the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide, based on the total weight of the composition. According to the present invention, the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide is present in an amount of 50 wt%, 50.5 wt%, 51 wt%, 51.5 wt%, 52 wt%, 52.5 wt%, 53 wt%, 53.5 wt%, 54 wt%, 54.5 wt%, 55 wt%, 56 wt%, 57 wt%, 58 wt%, 59 wt%or 60 wt%, 61 wt%, 62 wt%, 63 wt%, 64 wt%, 65 wt%, 66 wt%, 67 wt%, 68 wt%, 69 wt%, or 70 wt%, or within the range between any two of the above values, based on the total weight of the composition. Preferably, the inventive composition comprises 50.5-54.5 wt%, or 51-54 wt%, or 51-53.5 wt%, or 51-53 wt%of the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide, based on the total weight of the composition.
[0039] In some embodiments, the composition comprises 25-30 wt%of at least one filler, based on the total weight of the composition. According to the present invention, for example, the filler is present in an amount of 20 wt%, 21 wt%, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, 24 wt%, 25 wt%, 26 wt%, 27 wt%, 28 wt%, 29 wt%or 30 wt%, or within the range between any two of the above values.
[0040] In some embodiments, the filler may be a reinforcing filler. According to the present invention, the filler may include a reinforcing filler of any suitable shape, for example, fibrous, powdered, granular, flake-like or needle-like shapes; and preference is given to fibrous reinforcing fillers. In some embodiments, the reinforcing filler may be made of any suitable organic and inorganic materials. In preferable embodiments, the fibrous reinforcing filler includes, but is not limited to, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, polymer fibers and carbon fibers. Among these fillers, glass fiber is preferable. The use of glass fibers not only improves the mouldability of the polyamide composition, but also improves mechanical properties and heat resistance.
[0041] In some embodiments, the composition comprises 13-17 wt%, preferably 15-17 wt%of the at least one halogen-free flame retardant, based on the total weight of the composition. For example, the halogen-free flame retardant is present in an amount of 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, or 17 wt%, or within the range between any two of the above values, based on the total weight of the composition.
[0042] In some embodiments, the halogen-free flame retardant is a phosphorus-containing flame-retardant. It is surprisingly found that by adding a phosphorus-containing flame retardant, the composition of the present invention exhibits higher weld line strength and weld line elongation. This effect may be attributed to the synergistic effects between the inventive bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide, such as PA5T / 56 and PA5T / 66, and the phosphorus-containing flame retardant additive. In some embodiments, preferably, the halogen-free flame retardant includes, but is not limited to, phosphinate, more preferably C1-6-alkyl phosphinate, more preferably C1-4-alkyl phosphinate, even more preferably aluminum dimethyl phosphinate or aluminum diethyl phosphinate, or their combinations. The most preference is given to aluminum diethyl phosphinate.
[0043] In some embodiments, in the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide, the aromatic polyamide unit (i.e., the PA5T unit / segment) is present in an amount of no less than 50 wt%, preferably 50-80 wt%, more preferably 55-75 wt%, based on the total weight of the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide. For example, the 5T unit is present in an amount of 50 wt%, 51 wt%, 52 wt%, 53 wt%, 54 wt%, 55 wt%, 56 wt%, 57 wt%, 58 wt%, 59 wt%, 60 wt%, 61 wt%, 62 wt%, 63 wt%, 64 wt%, 65 wt%, 66 wt%, 67 wt%, 68 wt%, 69 wt%, 70 wt%, 71 wt%, 72 wt%, 73 wt%, 74 wt%, 75 wt%, 77 wt%, or 80 wt%, or within the range between any two of the above values, based on the total weight of the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide. For example, the aromatic polyamide unit is present in an amount of 57-73 wt%.
[0044] In some embodiments, the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has 25-60 meq / kg, preferably 30-55 meq / kg and more preferably 31-53 meq / kg of carboxyl end-group. For example, the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has 25 meq / kg, 30 meq / kg, 31 meq / kg, 32 meq / kg, 33 meq / kg, 34 meq / kg, 35 meq / kg, 36 meq / kg, 37 meq / kg, 38 meq / kg, 39 meq / kg, 40 meq / kg, 41 meq / kg, 42 meq / kg, 43 meq / kg, 44 meq / kg, 45 meq / kg, 46 meq / kg, 47 meq / kg, 48 meq / kg, 49 meq / kg, 50 meq / kg, 51 meq / kg, 52 meq / kg, 53 meq / kg, 54 meq / kg, 55 meq / kg, or 60 meq / kg of carboxyl end-group, or within the range between any two of the above values.
[0045] In some embodiments, the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a melting temperature of no greater than 310℃, preferably no greater than 308℃, more preferably no greater than 306℃.
[0046] In some embodiments, the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a crystallization temperature of no greater than 275℃, preferably no greater than 270℃, preferably no greater than 265℃.
[0047] In some embodiments, the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a flowability of no greater than 130 ml / g, preferably no greater than 125 ml / g, more preferably no greater than 123 ml / g. In the present application, the flowability is measured by suitable method known in the art, for example, by using ISO 307.
[0048] According to the invention, the at least one other additive comprises, but is not limited to, a colorant, a heat stabilizer, a lubricant, a nucleating agent, a flame retardant synergist, or any combinations thereof.
[0049] EXAMPLES
[0050] The inventive composition is further described below in connection with some specific embodiments and examples. These specific examples are provided for the purpose of further detailing the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific examples described hereinafter. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.
[0051] 1. Materials
[0052] (1) Semi-aromatic co-polyamides 1-3:
[0053] Polyamide 1: E6300, from Cathay (Taiyuan) Biomaterial Co., Ltd.
[0054] Polyamide 2: E6308, from Cathay (Taiyuan) Biomaterial Co., Ltd.
[0055] Polyamide 3: E6635, from Cathay (Taiyuan) Biomaterial Co., Ltd.
[0056] In the Examples, semi-aromatic co-polyamides 1-3 (also referred to as polyamides 1-3) are used as the matrix resin in the composition. The parameters of these polyamides are summarized in Table 1 below.
[0057] Table 1 * This is the percentage of PA5T unit based on the total weight of the resin.
[0058] Meanwhile, these polyamides are tested for the properties such as DSC and flowability, and the results are summarized in Table 2.
[0059] Table 2 **In the tests, the DSC curve of Polyamide 3 shows two endothermic melting peaks at 286℃ and 298℃ respectively.
[0060] (2) Comparative polyamide: PA6T / 66 under the tradename of PPAA1020, from WOTE;
[0061] (3) Reinforcing filler: Glass fiber HP3660, from NEG;
[0062] (4) Lubricant: Ethylene bis stearamide (EBS) , from CRODA;
[0063] (5) Antioxidant (Heat Stabilizer) : Antioxidant Irganox 1098, from BASF;
[0064] (6) Nucleating agent: Talc 100, from ELEMENTIS;
[0065] (7) Colorant: Special Black 4, from ORION;
[0066] (8) Flame retardant additive: EXOLIT OP 1230, from CLARIANT;
[0067] (9) Flame retardant synergist: Flamtard S. ZINKSTANNAT, from William Blythe;
[0068] (10) Impact modifier: FUSABOND N493, from DOW;
[0069] (11) Heat stabilizer: Irgafos 168, from BASF;
[0070] (12) Heat stabilizer: Sodium hypophosphit monohydrat, from BASF;
[0071] (13) Lubricant: Luwax OA 5, from BASF;
[0072] 2. Methods
[0073] (1) Melting Temperature was determined according to ISO 11357-3;
[0074] (2) Crystallization Temperature was determined according to ISO 11357-3;
[0075] (3) Flowability was determined according to ISO 307;
[0076] (4) End-group contents was determined according to HG / T 4182-2012;
[0077] (5) Weld line Modulus was determined according to ISO 527;
[0078] (6) Weld line Strength was determined according to ISO 527;
[0079] (7) Weld line Elongation was determined according to ISO 527;
[0080] (8) Tensile Modulus was determined according to ISO 527;
[0081] (9) Tensile Strength was determined according to ISO 527;
[0082] (10) Tensile Elongation was determined according to ISO 527;
[0083] (11) Flexural Modulus was determined according to ISO 178;
[0084] (12) Flexural Strength was determined according to ISO 178;
[0085] (13) Charpy Notched was determined according to ISO 179;
[0086] (14) Charpy Unnotched was determined according to ISO 179;
[0087] (15) Dielectrical Strength (23℃, thickness 1mm) was determined according to ASTM D149;
[0088] (16) CLTE (Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion) [23-55℃ (10-6 / K) ] was determined according to ISO-11359-2;
[0089] (17) Tensile Strength Retention, 150℃ for 2000 hours (%) was determined by measuring the tensile strength of the material before and after being placed at 150℃ for 2000 hours according to ISO 527, and then calculated according to the following equation:
[0090] Tensile Strength Retention = [tensile strength (after) / tensile strength (before) ] ×100%;
[0091] (18) Tensile Elongation Retention, 150℃ for 2000 hours (%) was determined by measuring the tensile elongation of the material before and after being placed at 150℃ for 2000 hours according to ISO 527, and then calculated according to the following equation:
[0092] Tensile Elongation Retention = [tensile elongation (after) / tensile elongation (before) ] ×100%;
[0093] (19) Flexural Strength Retention, 150℃ for 2000 hours (%) was determined by measuring the flexural strength of the material before and after being placed at 150℃ for 2000 hours according to ISO 178, and then calculated according to the following equation:
[0094] Flexural Strength Retention = [flexural strength (after) / flexural strength (before) ]×100%;
[0095] (20) Charpy Notched Retention, 150℃ for 1000 hours (%) was determined by measuring the Charpy notched of the material before and after being placed at 150℃ for 1000 hours according to ISO 179, and then calculated according to the following equation:
[0096] Charpy Notched h Retention = [Charpy Notched (after) / Charpy Notched (before) ]×100%;
[0097] (21) Flame retardancy was determined according to UL94;
[0098] (22) GWFI (Glow-Wire Flammability Index) @1.5mm was determined according to IEC 60695-2-12; and
[0099] (23) GWIT (Glow-Wire Ignition Temperature) @1.5mm was determined according to IEC 60695-2-13.
[0100] Example 1
[0101] All raw materials except the filler package are mixed together in a Turbula T50A high-speed stirrer and fed into a ZSK26Mc (Coperion) twin-screw extruder at the throat, the filler package is fed at downstream using a side feeder to keep good mechanical property. The raw materials are melt-extruded under a temperature within the range of 320-340℃, pelletized, thus obtaining a thermoplastic polyamide composition in a pellet form. The dried pellets were processed in an injection molding machine Arburg 370C at melt temperature of 310-340℃ and mold temperature of 100-140℃ to get test specimens. The specimens are tested for the properties of the composition, and the results are summarized in Table 3 below.
[0102] Examples 2-3 &Comparative Example 1
[0103] The compositions of these examples are prepared in the same way as described in Example 1. The amounts of the components and the data of their properties are summarized in the following Table 3.
[0104] Table 3
[0105] As shown in Table 3, as compared with the existing material of Comparative Example 1 (C1) , the inventive composition showed superior and balanced performances:
[0106] 1. The inventive compositions of Examples 1-3 (E1-3) showed good mechanical properties (such as good tensile, flexural and impact resistance) , which are at least comparable to that of the composition C1.
[0107] 2. The inventive composition showed improved weld line properties, in particular, the weld line strength and elongation are significantly better than C1.
[0108] 3. The inventive compositions also showed improved dielectric properties. In particular, the inventor found that the inventive composition could have improved dielectric strength compared to the C1 in which the matrix resin is PA6T / 66. Such improved dielectric strength would be beneficial to the electrical insulation safety of the final product.
[0109] 4. The inventive compositions showed good dimensional stability at an elevated temperature. As shown in Table 3, the CLTE of the inventive composition was lower than C1. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that the dimension of the composition of the present invention would have a relatively smaller variation compared to C1 when under the same elevated temperature condition. That is to say, the composition of the present invention could have better dimensional stability than the C1, and this would broaden the work condition for the application of the present invention.
[0110] 5. The inventive compositions showed good heat resistance and thus excellent mechanical strength retention after thermal aging. It can be seen that, after heat treatment at 150℃ for at least 1000 hours, the retentions of tensile strength, tensile elongation, flexural strength, and Charpy notched for the composition of the present invention are higher than C1. The composition of the present invention could achieve improved anti-thermal aging performance than C1.
[0111] 6. The inventive composition showed comparable or better flame retardant property than C1.
[0112] Comparative Examples 2-5
[0113] The compositions of Comparative Examples 2-5 (C2-5) were prepared in the same way as described in Example 1. The amounts of the components are summarized in Table 4 below. These compositions are tested in terms of the weld line properties, and the results are shown in Table 4 below.
[0114] Table 4
[0115] The present inventors have surprisingly found that PA5T-containing co-polyamide and the flame retardant additive may synergistically affect the weld-line properties. When the compositions (either 5T-or 6T-based) do not contain flame retardant (FR) additives, as shown in Table 4, the weld-line properties of 6T-based composition C2 are comparable to or even better than 5T-involving compositions C3-5; in particular, the weld-line strength and elongation of C2 is higher than C3-5. However, when the FR additive is included in the compositions, as shown in Table 3, the weld-line properties of the inventive composition, which comprises 5T-containing co-polyamides, would be dramatically improved; in particular, the weld-line strength and weld-line elongation are even much greater than that of composition C1 (comprising PA6T / 66 as matrix resin) ---this is contrary to the composition without an FR additive. The inventors believe that this phenomenon suggests that the use of FR additives in combination with PA5T unit-containing co-polyamide improves the flame retardant properties while at the same time improving the weld-line properties unexpectedly and significantly, resulting in much better weld-line properties than the PA6T / 66-based composition.
Claims
1.A polyamide composition, comprising:(a) 50 to 70 wt%of a bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide having an aromatic polyamide unit and an aliphatic polyamide unit, in which the aromatic polyamide unit is derived from terephthalic acid monomer and 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and the aliphatic polyamide unit is derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms and an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms;(b) 20 to 30 wt%of at least one filler;(c) 10 to 17 wt%of at least one halogen-free flame retardant; and(d) 0 to 5 wt%of at least one other additive;based on the total weight of the composition.2.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the aliphatic polyamide unit to the aromatic polyamide unit in the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide is (0.05-0.95) : 1, preferably (0.3-0.9) : 1, more preferably (0.4-0.8) : 1.3.The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has 20-180 meq / kg, preferably 30-140 meq / kg, more preferably 40-90 meq / kg of amine end-group.4.The composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the aliphatic polyamide unit is derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 10 carbon atoms, preferably no greater than 6 carbon atoms, and an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 10 carbon atoms, preferably no greater than 6 carbon atoms.5.The composition according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the aliphatic diacid monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid, and any combinations thereof; preferably, the aliphatic diacid monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of glutaric acid, adipic acid, and any combinations thereof.6.The composition according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the aliphatic diamine monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine, pentanediamine and hexamediamine, and any combinations thereof; preferably, the aliphatic diamine monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of entanediamine, hexamediamine, and any combinations thereof.7.The composition according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the aliphatic polyamide unit is polyamide 56 and / or polyamide 66.8.The composition according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyamide 5T / 56, polyamide 5T / 66, and any combinations thereof.9.The composition according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the composition comprises 50-60 wt%, preferably 50-55 wt%of the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide, based on the total weight of the composition.10.The composition according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the composition comprises 25-30 wt%of at least one filler, based on the total weight of the composition.11.The composition according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the filler is a reinforcing filler, preferably fibrous reinforcing fillers, and more preferable glass fibers.12.The composition according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the composition comprises 13-17 wt%, preferably 15-17 wt%of the at least one halogen-free flame retardant, based on the total weight of the composition.13.The composition according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the halogen-free flame retardant is a phosphorus-containing flame-retardant, preferably a phosphinate-containing flame-retardant, more preferably C1-6-alkyl phosphinates.14.The composition according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the aromatic polyamide unit is present in an amount of no less than 50 wt%, preferably 50-80 wt%, more preferably 55-75 wt%, based on the total weight of the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide.15.The composition according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has 25-60 meq / kg, preferably 30-55 meq / kg, and more preferably 31-53 meq / kg of carboxyl end-group.16.The composition according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a melting temperature of no greater than 310℃, preferably no greater than 308℃, more preferably no greater than 306℃.17.The composition according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a crystallization temperature of no greater than 275℃, preferably no greater than 270℃, preferably no greater than 265℃.18.The composition according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the bio-based semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a flowability of no greater than 130 ml / g, preferably no greater than 125 ml / g, more preferably no greater than 123 ml / g, determined according to ISO 307.19.The composition according to any one of claims 1-18, wherein the at least one other additive is selected from the group consisting of a colorant, a heat stabilizer, a lubricant, a nucleating agent, a flame retardant synergist, and any combinations thereof.20.The composition according to any one of claims 1-19, wherein the composition is bio-based; preferably, the 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer is obtained from biomass, preferably from biological fermentation.21.An article prepared through the composition according to any one of claims 1-20.