High-voltage direct current relay

Abstract

The present application relates to a high-voltage direct current relay (10), comprising a static contact (14) and a moving component (13). The moving assembly (13) comprises a moving spring mechanism (131), a pushing mechanism (133), an elastic element (132), and a fastener (136). The moving spring mechanism (131) elastically cooperates with the pushing mechanism (133) by means of the elastic element (132). The moving spring mechanism (131) comprises a moving spring piece (1311) and a lower armature (1314). The fastener (136) passes through the lower armature (1314) and is connected to the moving spring piece (1311); the fastener (136) protrudes from the side of the moving spring mechanism (131) facing the pushing mechanism (133) and is used for abutting against the pushing mechanism (133) on the path along which the moving spring mechanism (131) moves away from the static contact (14).

Description

High voltage DC relay

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2024115697106, filed on November 5, 2024, entitled "High Voltage DC Relay", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of relay technology, and in particular to a high-voltage DC relay. Background Technology

[0004] High-voltage DC relays, as a new type of automatic electrical switch, can achieve normally open or normally closed states through electromagnetic holding force. Current high-voltage DC relays typically consist of an electromagnetic component, a moving component, and a stationary contact. The moving contact on the moving spring of the moving component and the stationary contact on the stationary contact together form the contact part of the high-voltage DC relay. The electromagnetic component includes a coil, an upper iron core, and a lower iron core. When the coil is energized, it magnetizes the lower iron core, causing the lower iron core to attract the upper iron core, thereby driving the moving component closer to the stationary contact until the moving contact on the moving component and the stationary contact on the stationary contact make contact, thus completing the circuit.

[0005] However, current high-voltage DC relays, when a short circuit or overload occurs, will have their moving and stationary contacts spring apart due to excessive electrodynamic repulsion, causing arcing between them and leading to relay damage. Industries using high-voltage circuits, such as the new energy sector, are increasingly demanding miniaturization and short-circuit protection for high-voltage DC relays. Summary of the Invention

[0006] According to various embodiments of this application, a high-voltage DC relay is provided.

[0007] A high-voltage DC relay includes a stationary contact and a moving assembly. The stationary contact has a stationary contact point. The moving assembly includes a moving spring mechanism, a pushing mechanism, an elastic element, and a fastener. The moving spring mechanism has a moving contact point opposite to the stationary contact point. The moving spring mechanism is elastically engaged with the pushing mechanism through the elastic element. The moving spring mechanism can move towards the pushing mechanism to compress the elastic element. The moving spring mechanism includes a moving spring plate and a lower armature. The fastener passes through the lower armature and is connected to the moving spring plate to fix the lower armature to the moving spring plate. The fastener protrudes from the side of the moving spring mechanism facing the pushing mechanism. When the moving contact point and the stationary contact point spring apart under the action of a short-circuit current, the fastener is used to abut against the pushing mechanism on the path in which the moving spring mechanism moves away from the stationary contact.

[0008] In one embodiment, the lower armature includes a first armature portion and a second armature portion. The first armature portion is located on the side of the movable spring facing the push mechanism, and the second armature portion is located on the periphery of the movable spring relative to the direction of movement of the push mechanism. The fastener passes through the first armature portion and protrudes from the side of the first armature portion facing away from the movable spring.

[0009] In one embodiment, the pushing mechanism includes a pushing seat and a pushing rod connected to the side of the pushing seat facing away from the moving spring mechanism. The pushing seat has an abutment surface facing the moving spring mechanism. The fastener is opposite to the abutment surface and is capable of abutting the abutment surface on a path in which the moving spring mechanism moves away from the stationary contact.

[0010] In one embodiment, the elastic element is located between the first armature portion and the push seat, with its two ends abutting against the first armature portion and the push seat, respectively.

[0011] In one embodiment, the moving component is provided with two fasteners, which are located on opposite sides of the elastic element in the axial direction.

[0012] In one embodiment, the pushing mechanism further includes a limiting protrusion protruding from the pushing seat toward the side of the moving spring mechanism, one end of the elastic element is sleeved on the limiting protrusion, and the abutting surface is arranged around the limiting protrusion.

[0013] In one embodiment, the end face of the fastener away from the moving spring mechanism is parallel to the abutment surface.

[0014] In one embodiment, the moving component further includes a bracket, the bracket including two first arms, the two first arms being located on opposite sides of the elastic element in the axial direction, both first arms being connected to the pushing mechanism and slidingly engaged with the moving spring mechanism.

[0015] In one embodiment, the high-voltage DC relay further includes an upper armature opposite to the lower armature, wherein when the moving contact and the stationary contact are opposite each other, the upper armature and the lower armature can be magnetized and attract each other;

[0016] Wherein, the upper armature is disposed outside the moving assembly and fixed relative to the stationary contact; or...

[0017] The bracket also includes a second arm connected to the two first arms. The second arm is located on the side of the moving spring mechanism facing away from the pushing mechanism, and the upper armature is fixed to the second arm.

[0018] In one embodiment, the pushing mechanism can drive the moving spring mechanism to move toward the stationary contact, so that the high-voltage DC relay has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the moving contact is in contact with the stationary contact. In the second state, the moving contact is pressed against the stationary contact by the elastic element. During the switching from the first state to the second state, the pushing mechanism moves toward the stationary contact relative to the moving spring mechanism. The distance between the pushing mechanism and the fastener is smaller in the second state than in the first state.

[0019] In one embodiment, in the second state, the difference between the length of the elastic element and the ultimate compression length of the elastic element is greater than the distance between the pushing mechanism and the fastener.

[0020] In one embodiment, the moving spring mechanism is able to spring away from the stationary contact under the electric repulsive force generated by the short-circuit current, so that the high-voltage DC relay switches from the second state to the third state. In the third state, the fastener abuts against the pushing mechanism to prevent the moving spring mechanism and the pushing mechanism from getting close to each other, and the length of the elastic element is greater than the ultimate compression length of the elastic element.

[0021] In one embodiment, the high-voltage DC relay further includes an electromagnetic component, and the actuating mechanism includes a actuating seat and a actuating rod connected to the side of the actuating seat facing away from the moving spring mechanism. The moving spring mechanism is elastically engaged with the actuating seat through the elastic element, and the actuating rod is inserted into the electromagnetic component. The electromagnetic component can drive the actuating seat to move toward or away from the stationary contact through the actuating rod.

[0022] Details of one or more embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the following drawings and description. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the specification, drawings, and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the disclosed drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high voltage DC relay in the initial state in some embodiments.

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the moving component in the high-voltage DC relay shown in Figure 1.

[0026] Figure 3 is an explosion diagram of the moving component shown in Figure 2.

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the moving spring mechanism and fasteners in the moving assembly shown in Figure 2.

[0028] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the moving spring mechanism and fasteners shown in Figure 4.

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-voltage DC relay in the first state in some embodiments.

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high voltage DC relay in the second state in some embodiments.

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-voltage DC relay in the third state in some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0034] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0038] As high-voltage DC relays are increasingly used in various fields, the industry's requirements for their heat loss resistance, short-circuit protection, and voltage are also becoming more stringent. Specifically, the current and voltage of the circuits in which high-voltage DC relays are used are increasing. For example, in new energy vehicles, as the required driving range increases, the capacity of battery packs in these vehicles is also increasing, leading to higher current and voltage requirements for the high-voltage DC relays used in the battery pack circuits. Therefore, when the circuit is short-circuited or overloaded, the electro-repulsive force generated between the moving and stationary contacts of the high-voltage DC relay is relatively large, which can easily cause the moving and stationary contacts to spring apart by a large distance. For example, the moving and stationary contacts may spring apart to the point where the moving spring mechanism compresses the elastic element to its limit, and then transmit the impact force to the push mechanism and the electromagnetic component. At this point, if the impact force is too large, it can easily cause the electromagnetic component and the moving component to detach from the stationary contact, resulting in damage to the high-voltage DC relay. Alternatively, it can cause the moving and stationary contacts to spring apart too far, resulting in arcing between the moving and stationary contacts, generating excessive heat and burning out the high-voltage DC relay, or even causing the high-voltage DC relay to explode. However, in traditional high-voltage DC relays, to increase the holding force of the electromagnetic component on the moving component to prevent insufficient holding force from detaching from the stationary contact or to reduce the spring-off distance between the moving and stationary contacts, it is usually necessary to increase the number of coil turns, which increases the cost and size of the electromagnetic component, thus increasing the size and cost of the high-voltage DC relay.

[0039] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a high-voltage DC relay.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3. Figure 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of the high-voltage DC relay 10 in its initial state in some embodiments of this application. Figures 2 and 3 show a structural schematic diagram and an exploded schematic diagram of the moving component 13 in the high-voltage DC relay 10 shown in Figure 1, respectively. In some embodiments, the high-voltage DC relay 10 includes a yoke plate 11, an electromagnetic component 12, a moving component 13, stationary contacts 14, and an insulating cover 142. The insulating cover 142 is disposed on the yoke plate 11, and the stationary contacts 14 are disposed on the insulating cover 142. Two stationary contacts 14 may be arranged at intervals, and each of the two stationary contacts 14 is provided with a stationary contact point 141. The insulating cover 142 includes, but is not limited to, an insulating shell such as a ceramic cover. The moving component 13 includes a moving spring mechanism 131, an elastic element 132, and a pushing mechanism 133. The moving spring mechanism 131 is provided with two moving contacts 1313 that are one-to-one opposite to the two stationary contacts 141. The moving spring mechanism 131 is elastically connected to the pushing mechanism 133 via the elastic element 132. This means that the moving spring mechanism 131 can move towards the pushing mechanism 133 to jointly compress the elastic element 132 with the pushing mechanism 133, or it can move away from the pushing mechanism 133 to release the elastic element 132. The electromagnetic component 12 is located on the side of the yoke plate 11 facing away from the moving spring mechanism 131. It can drive the pushing mechanism 133 to move, causing the moving component 13 to move towards or away from the stationary contact 141. This allows the moving contact 1313 to contact the stationary contact 141 to achieve circuit connection, or it allows the moving contact 1313 to disengage from the stationary contact 141 to achieve circuit disconnection.

[0041] It is understood that the high-voltage DC relay 10 can be used as a switching element in a circuit. The stationary contact 14 may have a lead-out terminal electrically connected to the two stationary contacts 141, and the lead-out terminal is electrically connected to the circuit. When the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 are in contact one by one, the moving contact 1313 conducts the two stationary contacts 141 to make the circuit conduct, and the high-voltage DC relay 10 is turned on. When the moving contact 1313 is disengaged from the stationary contact 141, the two stationary contacts 141 are electrically isolated, the circuit is broken, and the high-voltage DC relay 10 is turned off. In some embodiments, the high-voltage DC relay 10 may also include a housing (not shown) covering the insulating cover 142 and the stationary contact 14. The stationary contact 14 can be led out to the outside of the housing through conductive structures such as electrodes and leads to be electrically connected to the circuit. The material of the housing includes, but is not limited to, insulating materials such as plastic. The housing can isolate the stationary contact 14, the insulating cover 142 and the moving component 13 from the outside world to achieve insulation protection.

[0042] In some embodiments, the pushing mechanism 133 includes a pushing seat 1331 and a pushing rod 1332 connected to the side of the pushing seat 1331 facing away from the moving spring mechanism 131. The electromagnetic assembly 12 may include an upper iron core 121, a lower iron core 122, and a coil arranged around the upper iron core 121 and the lower iron core 122. The upper iron core 121 is fixedly disposed on the yoke plate 11, the coil is fixed relative to the yoke plate 11, and the lower iron core 122 is opposite to the upper iron core 121 and can move relative to the yoke plate 11 toward or away from the upper iron core 121. The pushing rod 1332 passes through the upper iron core 121 and is inserted into the lower iron core 122. The pushing rod 1332 is slidably engaged with the upper iron core 121 and is fixed relative to the lower iron core 122. When the coil is energized, it can magnetize the upper iron core 121 and the lower iron core 122, causing the upper iron core 121 and the lower iron core 122 to attract each other and drive the lower iron core 122 to move closer to the upper iron core 121, thereby driving the push rod 1332 to drive the entire moving assembly 13 to move closer to the stationary contact 141.

[0043] In some embodiments, the moving assembly 13 further includes a bracket 135, which may include two first arms 1351. The two first arms 1351 are located on opposite sides of the elastic element 132 in the axial direction and are directly or indirectly connected to the push seat 1331. The two first arms 1351 slide against the moving spring mechanism 131 on opposite sides, allowing the moving spring mechanism 131 to move relative to the push seat 1331 in a direction closer to or further away from the stationary contact 141. When the moving spring mechanism 131 and the push seat 1331 are relatively close, the moving spring mechanism 131 and the push seat 1331 can compress the elastic element 132, causing the elastic element 132 to undergo elastic deformation. The sliding limit of the two first arms 1351 on the moving spring mechanism 131 can guide the movement of the moving spring mechanism 131 relative to the push seat 1331, improving the performance stability of the high-voltage DC relay 10. In some embodiments, the bracket 135 may further include a second arm (not shown) connected to the two first arms 1351. The second arm may be disposed on the side of the moving spring mechanism 131 facing away from the push mechanism 133 and located between the moving spring mechanism 131 and the insulating cover 142. The second arm can limit the extreme position of the moving spring mechanism 131 away from the push seat 1331 on the side of the moving spring mechanism 131 facing the stationary contact 141, preventing the moving spring mechanism 131 from disengaging from the elastic element 132 and the push seat 1331, and improving the performance stability of the high voltage DC relay 10.

[0044] In some embodiments, the moving spring mechanism 131 includes a moving spring 1311 and a lower armature 1314 fixedly connected to the moving spring 1311. The high voltage DC relay 10 also includes an upper armature 143 opposite to the lower armature 1314. The moving contact 1313 is located on the side of the moving spring 1311 facing the stationary contact 14. The upper armature 143 and the lower armature 1314 together form a short-circuit protection ring structure. The upper armature 143 is located on the side of the lower armature 1314 facing away from the push seat 1331. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the upper armature 143 is disposed outside the moving component 13 and fixed relative to the stationary contact 14. For example, the upper armature 143 can be disposed on the insulating cover 142. The upper armature 143 is disposed corresponding to the stationary contact 141 and located between the insulating cover 142 and the moving spring 1311. In this case, the bracket 135 may not have a second support arm. The upper armature 143 can limit the moving spring mechanism 131 on the side of the moving spring mechanism 131 away from the push seat 1331, limiting the moving spring mechanism 131 to the extreme position away from the push seat 1331. In some embodiments, the insulating cover 142 is disposed on the moving component 13 and on the yoke plate 11. The stationary contact 14 and the upper armature 143 are both fixedly disposed on the insulating cover 142. The stationary contact 14 protrudes outside the insulating cover 142 on the side away from the moving spring mechanism 131, that is, the side away from the stationary contact 141. In other embodiments, when the bracket 135 is provided with a second arm, the upper armature 143 can be fixed to the second arm and located between the second arm and the moving spring mechanism 131.

[0045] When the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 come into contact, the magnetic field generated by the moving spring 1311 and the stationary contact 14 can magnetize the upper armature 143 and the lower armature 1314, causing them to attract each other. This provides a holding force for the contact between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141, which helps reduce the holding force required for the electromagnetic assembly 12, and also helps reduce the cost and size of the electromagnetic assembly 12. It should be noted that when the upper armature 143 is located on the insulating cover 142, the bracket 135 can also be provided with a second arm. The upper armature 143 and the moving spring 1311 can be separated by the second arm of the bracket 135, thus limiting the movement of the moving spring mechanism 131 away from the extreme position of the push seat 1331.

[0046] Furthermore, referring to Figures 1, 4, and 5, in some embodiments, the moving assembly 13 further includes a fastener 136, which passes through the lower armature 1314 and connects to the moving spring 1311 to fix the lower armature 1314 to the moving spring 1311. That is, the fastener 136 serves as a structural element on the moving spring mechanism 131 to fix the lower armature 1314 and the moving spring 1311 to each other. The fastener 136 protrudes from the side of the moving spring mechanism 131 facing the pushing mechanism 133 and is used to abut against the pushing seat 1331 on the path of the moving spring mechanism 131 moving away from the stationary contact 141 when the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 spring open under the action of a short-circuit current. When the fastener 136 abuts against the pushing seat 1331, the fastener 136 can prevent the moving spring mechanism 131 and the pushing seat 1331 from continuing to approach each other. In some embodiments, the moving spring mechanism 131 moves in the same direction away from the stationary contact 14 as it moves towards the push seat 1331. In this application, the fastener 136 includes, but is not limited to, any suitable connecting element such as a rivet, as long as it can fix the lower armature 1314 to the moving spring 1311 and protrude from the lower armature 1314 to abut against the push seat 1331.

[0047] It should be noted that in this application, the state in which the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 are spaced apart, and the electromagnetic component 12 does not apply force to the push rod 1332, i.e., the high-voltage DC relay 10 is disconnected from the circuit, is called the initial state. In the initial state, the fastener 136 is spaced apart from the push seat 1331. When it is necessary to bring the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 into contact to conduct the circuit, the coil in the electromagnetic component 12 is energized, and the lower iron core 122 moves towards the upper iron core 121, which can drive the push rod 1332 to drive the push seat 1331, and then drive the moving spring mechanism 131 to move towards the stationary contact 141, so that the moving component 13 has a first state and a second state. Please refer to Figure 6. When the moving component 13 moves to the first state, the moving contact 1313 is just in contact with the stationary contact 141, and the high-voltage DC relay 10 conducts the circuit. In the first state, the length of the elastic element 132 is the same as the length in the initial state. In other words, during the process of the pushing mechanism 133 driving the moving spring mechanism 131 to move towards the stationary contact 141 to switch from the initial state to the first state, the moving spring mechanism 131, the bracket 135, the elastic element 132 and the pushing mechanism 133 move synchronously.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 7. After the electromagnetic component 12 drives the moving spring mechanism 131 to move to the first state via the pushing mechanism 133, the electromagnetic component 12 continues to drive the pushing mechanism 133 to move towards the stationary contact 141 to the second state. During the transition from the first state to the second state, since the moving contact 1313 is in contact with the stationary contact 141, the moving spring mechanism 131 and the stationary contact 141 are relatively fixed. As the pushing mechanism 133 continues to move towards the stationary contact 141, the distance between the pushing seat 1331 and the moving spring mechanism 131 decreases. That is, during the transition from the first state to the second state, the moving spring mechanism 131 and the pushing seat 1331 are relatively close. This relative closeness between the moving spring mechanism 131 and the pushing seat 1331 will compress the elastic element 132, causing the length of the elastic element 132 to decrease and the elastic element 132 to undergo elastic deformation. Understandably, in both the first and second states, the moving contact 1313 is in contact with the stationary contact 141. In the second state, the elastic element 132 can apply an elastic force to the moving contact 1313 to press the moving spring mechanism 131 against the stationary contact 14, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the contact between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141. Simultaneously, the elastic element 132, in conjunction with the electromagnetic assembly 12, can counteract at least part of the electrodynamic repulsion between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141, which helps reduce the holding force required by the high-voltage DC relay 10 for the electromagnetic assembly 12, and consequently reduces the cost and size of the electromagnetic assembly 12.

[0049] It is understandable that during the transition from the initial state to the first state, and during the transition from the first state to the second state, the lower iron core 122 gradually approaches the upper iron core 121. In the first state, the lower iron core 122 and the upper iron core 121 are spaced apart. In the second state, the lower iron core 122 can just make contact with the upper iron core 121, which is beneficial to enhance the magnetic attraction between the upper iron core 121 and the lower iron core 122 in the second state, thereby enhancing the holding force of the electromagnetic component 12 on the moving component 13.

[0050] In some embodiments, the length of the fastener 136 protruding from the spring mechanism 131 is designed such that, in the second state, the fastener 136 remains spaced from the push seat 1331, and the distance between the push seat 1331 and the fastener 136 is smaller in the second state than in the first state. Furthermore, in the second state, the difference between the length of the elastic element 132 and its ultimate compression length is greater than the distance between the fastener 136 and the push seat 1331. In some embodiments, the length of the elastic element 132 may be equal to the distance between the spring mechanism 131 and the push seat 1331.

[0051] Referring to Figure 8, it can be understood that when the circuit is short-circuited or overloaded (taking a current exceeding 8kA as an example in this application), the electrodynamic repulsion between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 is greater than the elastic force exerted by the elastic element 132 on the moving spring mechanism 131. This causes the moving contact 1313 to spring apart from the stationary contact 141, causing the moving spring mechanism 131 to move towards the push seat 1331 and further compress the elastic element 132 until the fastener 136 abuts against the push seat 1331. At this time, the fastener 136 provides support for the moving spring mechanism 131, preventing the moving spring mechanism 131 from moving towards the push seat 1331. In this application, the state in which the fastener 136 abuts against the push seat 1331 to provide support for the moving spring mechanism 131 is referred to as the third state of the high voltage DC relay 10. In the third state, the moving spring mechanism 131, the bracket 135 and the push mechanism 133 are relatively fixed, and the electromagnetic component 12 bears the impact force of the moving spring mechanism 131.

[0052] It is understood that in this application, the fastener 136 only contacts the push seat 1331 in the third state to support the moving spring mechanism 131. In other states, the fastener 136 will not interfere with the relative movement between the moving spring mechanism 131 and the push seat 1331. This helps to avoid the fastener 136 causing other types of interference to the movement of the moving spring mechanism 131, such as sliding fit or limit fit, which would increase the risk of the moving spring mechanism 131 getting stuck, uneven force, or wear and scraping. While achieving the supporting function, it also helps to maintain the structural reliability of the moving component 13 and reduce the impact of the fastener 136 on the contact reliability of the moving component 13.

[0053] When the circuit connected to the high-voltage DC relay 10 is short-circuited or overloaded, causing the moving contact 1313 of the moving spring mechanism 131 and the stationary contact 141 of the stationary contact 14 to spring open due to electric repulsion, the moving spring mechanism 131 can first compress the elastic element 132 until the fastener 136 abuts against the push seat 1331, thus preventing the moving spring mechanism 131 and the push mechanism 133 from continuing to approach each other. Since the electric repulsion between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 disappears after the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 spring open, the elastic element 132 can effectively buffer the kinetic energy of the moving spring mechanism 131 during the process of the moving spring mechanism 131 moving away from the stationary contact 141 until the fastener 136 abuts against the push seat 1331. Furthermore, due to the supporting effect of the fastener 136 on the moving spring mechanism 131, the maximum spring-opening distance between the moving spring mechanism 131 and the stationary contact 141 can be shortened. This ensures that when the fastener 136 abuts against the push mechanism 133, the elastic element 132 will not be compressed to its limit compression length, and the impact of the moving spring mechanism 131 on the push mechanism 133 will not be too great. This avoids damage to the high-voltage DC relay 10 caused by the moving component 13 completely detaching from the stationary contact 14 due to excessive impact.

[0054] Furthermore, the fastener 136's contact with the pushing mechanism 133 prevents the moving spring mechanism 131 from moving further away from the stationary contact 141, which helps to reduce the relative spring-opening distance between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141. Combined with the buffering of the elastic element 132 to prevent the moving component 13 from detaching from the stationary contact 14, the distance between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 will not be too far. This helps to prevent the arcing phenomenon between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141 from generating excessive heat, which could lead to damage or even explosion of the high-voltage DC relay 10.

[0055] In addition, the buffering effect of the elastic element 132 on the moving spring mechanism 131 can also reduce the holding force requirement of the moving component 13 on the electromagnetic component 12, so that the electromagnetic component 12 can support the entire moving component 13 with a smaller holding force. This is beneficial to reducing the number of coil turns and / or the volume of the iron core of the electromagnetic component 12, and is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the high voltage DC relay 10.

[0056] Furthermore, by using the fastener 136 that fixes the lower armature 1314 to the moving spring 1311 and simultaneously abuts against the push mechanism 133 on the movement path of the moving spring mechanism 131, there is no need to set up additional parts to support the moving spring mechanism 131. This helps to reduce the number of parts, simplify the structure and manufacturing process of the moving component 13, and also helps to achieve miniaturization and low cost of the high voltage DC relay 10.

[0057] Therefore, during the transition from the second state to the third state, the aforementioned high-voltage DC relay 10 first buffers the impact of the moving spring mechanism 131 through the elastic element 132, and then the electromagnetic component 12 bears the impact of the moving spring mechanism 131. This helps reduce the holding force required by the electromagnetic component 12, reduces its cost and size, and also reduces the spring-off distance between the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141, thereby reducing the heat generated by the arcing phenomenon. The aforementioned high-voltage DC relay 10 achieves a balance between small size, low cost, and high resistance to short-circuit current and voltage. Based on this, the high-voltage DC relay 10 provided in this application can be used in circuits with high current, such as circuits with operating currents below 8kA. The high-voltage DC relay 10 includes, but is not limited to, applications in battery pack circuits of new energy vehicles. The high-voltage DC relay 10 can also be used as a switching element in circuits of any other applicable equipment, which will not be elaborated upon in this application.

[0058] In some embodiments, the elastic element 132 is disposed between the push seat 1331 and the moving spring mechanism 131, and its two ends abut against the moving spring mechanism 131 and the push seat 1331 respectively, for example, against the lower armature 1314 and the push seat 1331. The two ends of the elastic element 132 can be connected to the moving spring mechanism 131 and the push seat 1331 respectively. This arrangement can rationally plan the spatial layout between the moving spring mechanism 131, the elastic element 132 and the push mechanism 133, making the structure of the moving assembly 13 more compact, which is beneficial to improving the space utilization efficiency of the moving assembly 13. At the same time, it is also beneficial to keep the elastic element 132 relatively far away from the contact position of the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141, reducing the impact of high temperature and ablation spatter on the elastic element 132, and reducing the assembly difficulty of the elastic element 132 with other components.

[0059] Referring again to Figures 1-4, in some embodiments, the lower armature 1314 includes a first armature portion 1315 and a second armature portion 1316. The first armature portion 1315 is located on the side of the movable spring 1311 facing the pushing mechanism 133, and the second armature portion 1316 is located on the periphery of the movable spring 1311 relative to the direction of movement of the pushing mechanism 133. For example, the second armature portion 1316 includes two parts located on opposite sides of the movable spring 1311, and these two parts are respectively connected to the two ends of the first armature portion 1315. The fastener 136 passes through the first armature portion 1315 and protrudes from the side of the first armature portion 1315 opposite to the movable spring 1311. Therefore, the portion of the fastener 136 that abuts against the push seat 1331 is located between the first armature portion 1315 and the push seat 1331, which can accommodate the spatial layout of the moving spring mechanism 131 and the push mechanism 133. The abutment against the push seat 1331 can be achieved with a relatively short protrusion from the first armature portion 1315. Simultaneously, the portion of the fastener 136 protruding from the first armature portion 1315 is far from the contact position of the moving contact 1313 and the stationary contact 141, which helps reduce the impact of high temperature and ablation spatter on the fastener 136. For example, it prevents the distance between the fastener 136 and the push seat 1331 from decreasing due to spatter, thus avoiding interference with the transition from the second state to the third state.

[0060] In some embodiments, the push seat 1331 has an abutment surface 1333 facing the movable spring mechanism 131, and the fastener 136 is opposite to the abutment surface 1333 and can abut against the abutment surface 1333 on the path in which the movable spring mechanism 131 moves away from the stationary contact 14. Further, in some embodiments, the end face of the fastener 136 away from the movable spring mechanism 131 is parallel to the abutment surface 1333, and the end face of the fastener 136 away from the movable spring mechanism 131 is used to abut against the abutment surface 1333. Thus, the fastener 136 can abut against the abutment surface 1333 in a surface contact manner, which helps to improve the stability of the relative fixation between the fastener 136 and the push seat 1331 when the fastener 136 abuts against the abutment surface 1333, and prevents the fastener 136 and the push seat 1331 from relative swaying.

[0061] In some embodiments, the moving assembly 13 is provided with two fasteners 136, which are located on opposite sides of the elastic element 132 in the axial direction. The end faces of the two fasteners 136 away from the moving spring mechanism 131 can simultaneously abut against the abutment surface 1333 of the push seat 1331 to achieve a more stable and reliable support for the moving spring mechanism 131. The two fasteners 136 located on opposite sides of the elastic element 132 in the axial direction provide uniform support for the moving spring mechanism 131. Combined with the guiding effect of the first support arm 1351 on the moving spring mechanism 131, this can improve the stability and reliability of the movement of the moving spring mechanism 131 relative to the push seat 1331, prevent the moving spring mechanism 131 from swaying, and also prevent the fasteners 136 from interfering with the elastic element 132. Of course, in some embodiments, the moving component 13 may also be provided with a greater number of fasteners 136, such as three, four or other numbers of fasteners 136. The multiple fasteners 136 are arranged in a circumferentially spaced and uniformly distributed along the elastic element 132, which can improve the connection reliability between the lower armature 1314 and the moving spring 1311, and also improve the stability and reliability of the support of the fasteners 136 on the moving spring mechanism 131.

[0062] Referring to Figure 3, in some embodiments, the pushing mechanism 133 further includes a limiting protrusion 1334 located on the side of the pushing seat 1331 facing the moving spring mechanism 131. One end of the elastic element 132 near the pushing seat 1331 is sleeved on the limiting protrusion 1334, and the abutment surface 1333 is arranged around the limiting protrusion 1334. This helps to improve the reliability of the connection between the elastic element 132 and the pushing mechanism 133, and also allows for a reasonable spatial layout between the elastic element 132, the fastener 136, and the pushing mechanism 133, further reducing the risk of interference between the fastener 136 and the elastic element 132.

[0063] In this application, the sliding engagement between the first arm 1351 and the moving spring mechanism 131 can be described as follows: the two sides opposite to the lower armature 1314, i.e., the two sides opposite to the second armature portion 1316, can be in sliding engagement with the surfaces opposite to the two first arms 1351; the two sides opposite to the moving spring 1311 can be in sliding engagement with the two first arms 1351; or a portion of the moving spring 1311 or the second armature portion 1316 can be inserted into and slidably disposed on the first arm 1351, as long as the first arm 1351 can provide guidance and limiting function for the movement of the moving spring mechanism 131 relative to the push seat 1331. In some embodiments, the first arm 1351 of the bracket 135 can be directly connected to the push seat 1331, for example, by means of insert injection molding, and the moving component 13 can also include a fixing piece (not shown) connected to the first arm 1351 and the push seat 1331, through which the bracket 135 is indirectly connected to the push seat 1331.

[0064] In the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the moving spring 1311 is an integral spring structure. In other embodiments, the moving spring 1311 may also include two sub-springs arranged side by side and spaced apart from each other. The lower armature 1314 can be connected to both sub-springs simultaneously. The lower armature 1314 may also include two spaced-apart sub-armatures, with each sub-armature corresponding to one of the two sub-springs. Each moving contact 1313 of the moving spring 1311 can be formed by the corresponding positions of the two sub-springs. With this arrangement, the two sub-springs can provide more stable electrical contact, reduce poor contact caused by wear or damage to a single spring, share the mechanical load of the moving contact 1313, reduce the stress of a single spring, improve the durability of the high-voltage DC relay 10, and provide a more uniform current distribution, reduce arcing and contact resistance, and improve electrical contact performance. Furthermore, when one sub-spring fails, the other sub-spring can still achieve on / off control of the circuit with the stationary contact 141, improving the performance reliability of the high-voltage DC relay 10.

[0065] In this application, the elastic element 132 is not limited to any suitable elastic component such as a helical spring or a leaf spring. In the figures of this application, a helical spring is used as an example. The connection and orientation of the elastic element 132 with the moving spring mechanism 131 and the pushing mechanism 133 are not limited, as long as the elastic cooperation between the moving spring mechanism 131 and the pushing mechanism 133 can be achieved, so as to buffer the moving spring mechanism 131 during the transition from the second state to the third state.

[0066] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage DC relay, comprising: The stationary contact is equipped with a stationary contact point; as well as, A moving component includes a moving spring mechanism, a pushing mechanism, an elastic element, and a fastener. The moving spring mechanism has a moving contact opposite to the stationary contact. The moving spring mechanism is elastically engaged with the pushing mechanism through the elastic element. The moving spring mechanism can move towards the pushing mechanism to compress the elastic element. The moving spring mechanism includes a moving spring plate and a lower armature. The fastener passes through the lower armature and is connected to the moving spring plate to fix the lower armature to the moving spring plate. The fastener protrudes from the side of the moving spring mechanism facing the pushing mechanism. When the moving contact and the stationary contact spring apart under the action of a short-circuit current, the fastener is used to abut against the pushing mechanism on the path in which the moving spring mechanism moves away from the stationary contact.

2. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 1, wherein, The lower armature includes a first armature portion and a second armature portion. The first armature portion is located on the side of the movable spring facing the pushing mechanism, and the second armature portion is located on the periphery of the movable spring relative to the direction of movement of the pushing mechanism. The fastener passes through the first armature portion and protrudes from the side of the first armature portion facing away from the movable spring.

3. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 2, wherein, The pushing mechanism includes a pushing seat and a pushing rod connected to the side of the pushing seat facing away from the moving spring mechanism. The pushing seat has an abutting surface facing the moving spring mechanism. The fastener is opposite to the abutting surface and can abut against the abutting surface on the path in which the moving spring mechanism moves away from the stationary contact.

4. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 3, wherein, The elastic element is located between the first armature part and the push seat, and its two ends abut against the first armature part and the push seat respectively.

5. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 4, wherein, The moving component is provided with two fasteners, which are located on opposite sides of the elastic element in the axial direction.

6. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 5, wherein, The pushing mechanism further includes a limiting protrusion protruding from the pushing seat on the side facing the moving spring mechanism, one end of the elastic element is sleeved on the limiting protrusion, and the abutting surface is arranged around the limiting protrusion.

7. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 3, wherein, The end face of the fastener away from the moving spring mechanism is parallel to the abutment surface.

8. The high-voltage DC relay according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The moving component also includes a bracket, which includes two first arms. The two first arms are located on opposite sides of the elastic element in the axial direction. Both first arms are connected to the pushing mechanism and slide in cooperation with the moving spring mechanism.

9. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 8, wherein, The high-voltage DC relay also includes an upper armature opposite to the lower armature. When the moving contact and the stationary contact are opposite each other, the upper armature and the lower armature can be magnetized and attract each other. The upper armature is located outside the moving component and is fixed relative to the stationary contact.

10. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 8, wherein, The high-voltage DC relay also includes an upper armature opposite to the lower armature. When the moving contact and the stationary contact are opposite each other, the upper armature and the lower armature can be magnetized and attract each other. The bracket also includes a second arm connected to the two first arms. The second arm is located on the side of the moving spring mechanism facing away from the pushing mechanism, and the upper armature is fixed to the second arm.

11. The high-voltage DC relay according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The pushing mechanism can drive the moving spring mechanism to move towards the stationary contact, so that the high-voltage DC relay has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the moving contact is in contact with the stationary contact. In the second state, the moving contact is pressed against the stationary contact by the elastic element.

12. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 11, wherein, During the transition from the first state to the second state, the pushing mechanism moves relative to the moving spring mechanism toward the stationary contact point, and the distance between the pushing mechanism and the fastener is smaller in the second state than in the first state.

13. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 11, wherein, In the second state, the difference between the length of the elastic element and the ultimate compression length of the elastic element is greater than the distance between the pushing mechanism and the fastener.

14. The high-voltage DC relay according to claim 11, wherein, The moving spring mechanism can spring away from the stationary contact under the electric repulsion force generated by the short-circuit current, so that the high-voltage DC relay switches from the second state to the third state. In the third state, the fastener abuts against the pushing mechanism to prevent the moving spring mechanism and the pushing mechanism from getting close to each other, and the length of the elastic element is greater than the limit compression length of the elastic element.

15. The high-voltage DC relay according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The high-voltage DC relay also includes an electromagnetic component. The pushing mechanism includes a pushing seat and a pushing rod connected to the side of the pushing seat facing away from the moving spring mechanism. The moving spring mechanism is elastically engaged with the pushing seat through the elastic element. The pushing rod is inserted into the electromagnetic component. The electromagnetic component can drive the pushing seat to move towards or away from the stationary contact through the pushing rod.

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