Bio-based polyamide composition having high laser transmittance
A bio-based polyamide composition with a semi-aromatic and aliphatic polyamide blend, reinforced with glass fibers, addresses the challenge of achieving high laser transmittance and mechanical properties, while minimizing environmental impact.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BASF SE
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing polyamide compositions face challenges in achieving high laser transmittance while maintaining satisfactory mechanical properties, particularly stiffness, and their production from fossil-based PA66 contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.
A bio-based polyamide composition comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and aliphatic polyamide blend, reinforced with glass fibers, which includes structural units derived from bio-based monomers like 1,5-pentanediamine, offering high laser transmittance and mechanical properties, even under heat-moisture treatment.
The composition achieves high laser transmittance and maintains good mechanical properties, including stiffness, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the use of bio-based monomers.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025132719-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025132719-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025132719-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
BIO-BASED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITION HAVING HIGH LASER TRANSMITTANCEFIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a bio-based polyamide composition and an article produced from the bio-based polyamide composition.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Polyamide (PA, also referred to as nylon) is a kind of polymer that contains repeating amido groups (-CONH-) in the main chain of the polymer. Nowadays polyamide is widely used as structural materials in various industries (automotive, appliance, etc. ) due to its good processibility, good mechanical properties and low cost.
[0003] Polyamide compositions with high laser transmittance have potential prospects for example in the automotive application. However, in order to achieve high mechanical properties (such as stiffness) , the high loading of glass fiber (GF) in the polyamide composition would deteriorate the laser transmittance of the final molding products. Thus, it is still a big challenge to obtain a polyamide composition having high laser transmittance and satisfied mechanical properties simultaneously.
[0004] PA66 is the most popular polyamide for forming polyamide compositions, which is a derivate of fossil fuel, and its production initiates high greenhouse gas emission. Utilizing bio-based polyamide is one effective route to reduce the greenhouse gas emission. Currently, bio-based polyamides are mainly produced by using sebacic acid and 11-aminoundecanoic acid that can be extracted from castor oil. However, due to the longer carbon chain of sebacic acid and 11-aminoundecanoic acid, the resulted bio-based polyamides would probably have inadequate stiffness.
[0005] Thus, there is an urgent need to provide an environmentally friendly polyamide composition having high laser transmittance and expected mechanical properties (such as, stiffness) simultaneously, as well as keeping satisfied mechanical properties under heat-moisture treatment.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] Accordingly, the present invention provides a polyamide composition comprising the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:
[0007] (A) 30-60wt%of a polyamide blend comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and an aliphatic polyamide; and
[0008] (B) 40-70wt%of a reinforcing agent;
[0009] wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises:
[0010] an aromatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (I) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer and a structural unit (II) derived from an aromatic diacid monomer, and
[0011] an aliphatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (III) derived from an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms and a structural unit (IV) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms;
[0012] the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises a structural unit (I’) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and a structural unit (IV’) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms; and
[0013] at least one of the structural units (I) , (III) , (IV) , (I’) , or (IV’) is derived from a bio-based monomer.
[0014] The present invention also provides an article produced from the polyamide composition as described herein.
[0015] It has been found that the polyamide composition according to the present invention and the article produced from the polyamide composition possess both high laser transmittance and good mechanical properties. Specifically, the polyamide composition and the article produced therefrom have high laser transmittance and expected mechanical properties under dry condition. Even though subjected to a heat-moisture treatment for a long period (e.g., two weeks) , the polyamide composition and the article produced therefrom still possess satisfied mechanical properties. Further, since the polyamide composition according to the present invention comprises at least one structural unit that derived from a bio-based monomer, such as pentanediamine, its production could reduce the greenhouse gas emission and thus is environmentally friendly.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0016] The present invention will be described in detail hereinafter. It is to be understood that the present invention can be embodied in many different ways and shall not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
[0017] The singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms “comprise” , “comprising” , etc. are used interchangeably with “contain” , “containing” , etc. and are to be interpreted in a non-limiting, open manner. That is, e.g., further components or elements can be present. The expressions “consists of” or “consists essentially of” or cognates can be embraced within “comprises” or cognates.
[0018] As used herein, the term “structural unit (s) ” is intended to refer to the minimal molecular residue (s) resulting from respective monomer molecules after polymerization. For example, PA6 has a type of structural unit of -NH (CH2) 5CO-, PA66 has two types of structural units, i.e., -NH (CH2) 6NH-and -CO (CH2) 4CO-, PA56 has two types of structural units, i.e., -NH (CH2) 5NH-and -CO (CH2) 4CO-, PA510 has two types of structural units, i.e., -NH (CH2) 5NH-and -CO (CH2) 8CO-, PA1010 has two types of structural units, i.e., -NH (CH2) 10NH-and -CO (CH2) 8CO-, PA5T has two types of structural units, i.e., -NH (CH2) 5NH-and and so on.
[0019] (A) Polyamide Blend
[0020] The semi-aromatic co-polyamide
[0021] The semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises
[0022] an aromatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (I) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer and a structural unit (II) derived from an aromatic diacid monomer, and
[0023] an aliphatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (III) derived from an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms and a structural unit (IV) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms.
[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the above 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, the aliphatic diamine monomer, and / or the aliphatic diacid monomer may be obtained, prepared or produced from bio-mass through existing conventional biological methods or may be commercially available.
[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aromatic diacid monomer can be selected from the group consisting of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, or any combinations thereof.
[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the structural unit (III) is derived from an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms, preferably no greater than 10 carbon atoms, more preferably no greater than 6 carbon atoms; and the structural unit (IV) is derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 12 carbon atoms, preferably no greater than 10 carbon atoms, more preferably no greater than 6 carbon atoms.
[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic diamine monomer may be C5-C20 aliphatic diamine, such as C5-C15 or C5-C10 aliphatic diamine, such as bio-based aliphatic diamine.
[0028] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic diamine monomer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of pentanediamine, hexylenediamine, heptylenediamine, octylenediamine, nonylenediamine, decylenediamine, or any combinations thereof.
[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic diacid monomer may be C4-C20 aliphatic diacid, such as C5-C15 or C5-C10 aliphatic diacid, such as bio-based aliphatic diacid.
[0030] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic diacid monomer may be selected from the group consisting of glutaric acid, adipic acid, heptanedioic acid, octanedioic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, or any combinations thereof.
[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of the aliphatic polyamide repeating unit to the aromatic polyamide repeating unit is 0.5-3: 1, preferably 0.6-2.5: 1, more preferably 0.7-2.4: 1.
[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the aromatic polyamide repeating unit in the semi-aromatic co-polyamide is 20-70wt%, preferably 25-65wt%, more preferably 30-60wt%, for example, 29wt%, 30wt%, 31wt%, 32wt%, 35wt%, 36wt%, 38wt%, 40wt%, 43wt%, 45wt%, 46wt%, 50wt%, 52wt%, 55wt%, 57wt%, 59wt%, 60wt%, 61wt%, or 62wt%.
[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the content of structural unit (I) is 40 mol%or more in the semi-aromatic co-polyamide, preferably 40-60 mol%, such as 42mol%, 45mol%, 48mol%, 50 mol%, 52mol%, 56mol%, 57mol%, and 58mol%.
[0034] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the semi-aromatic co-polyamide may be at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56 / 5T, PA5T / 66, PA5T / 610, PA5T / 1010, or any combinations thereof, preferably PA56 / 5T, PA5T / 66, or any combinations thereof.
[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a relative viscosity from 2.0 to 4.0, preferably from 2.2 to 2.6, as measured in 98 wt %sulfuric acid solution at 25℃.
[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a terminal amino end group of 30-100 mmol / kg, preferably 40-90 mmol / kg, such as 45-60 mmol / kg or 70-90 mmol / kg.
[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a melting temperature (Tm) of 250-280℃, preferably 260-275℃ according to ISO 11357.
[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 10000-80000, such as 20000-70000 or 30000-50000.
[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the semi-aromatic co-polyamide has a water content of 500-2000ppm, such as 800-1500ppm.
[0040] It is preferred that the semi-aromatic co-polyamide is present in the polyamide composition according to the present invention in an amount of 10-20wt%, preferably 12-18wt%, for example 12wt%, 15wt%, 18wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0041] The aliphatic polyamide
[0042] The aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend according to the present invention comprises a structural unit (I’) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and a structural unit (IV’) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms.
[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the above 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and / or the aliphatic diacid monomer may be obtained, prepared or produced from bio-mass through existing conventional biological methods or may be commercially available.
[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic diacid monomer may be C4-C20 aliphatic diacid, such as C5-C15 or C5-C10 aliphatic diacid.
[0045] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic diacid monomer can be selected from the group consisting of glutaric acid, adipic acid, heptanedioic acid, octanedioic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, or any combinations thereof.
[0046] In one preferred embodiment, the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend according to the present invention comprises or consists of a structural unit (I’) derived from a bio-based 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer and a structural unit (IV’) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms, preferably no greater than 10 carbon atoms, more preferably no greater than 6 carbon atoms.
[0047] In one further embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide.
[0048] In the sense of the invention, the semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamides may preferably display a melting heat of more than 25 J / g, particularly preferably of at Ieast 35 J / g, very particularly preferably of at least 40 J / g at a heating rate of 20 K / min in dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in accordance with ISO 11357 (2013) .
[0049] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56, PA510, or any combinations thereof.
[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend has a relative viscosity from 2.0 to 4.0, preferably from 2.5 to 3.5, as measured in 98 wt %sulfuric acid solution at 25℃.
[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend has a terminal amino end group of 30-100 mmol / kg, preferably 35-65 mmol / kg, such as 40-60 mmol / kg.
[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend has a melting temperature (Tm) of 230-280℃, preferably 240-270℃ according to ISO 11357.
[0053] It is preferred that the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend is present in the polyamide composition according to the present invention in an amount of 10-20wt%, preferably 12-18wt%, for example 12wt%, 15wt%, 18wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0054] The structural unit (IV) in the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend and the structural unit (IV’) in the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend may be the same or different from each other.
[0055] It is preferred that at least one of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide and the aliphatic polyamide in the polyamide blend may be prepared through existing conventional biological methods or may be commercially available bio-based polyamide materials. For example, the biological method includes using bio-based raw materials (such as corn) to produce 1, 5-pentanediamine through bioconversion methods (such as fermentation, enzyme conversion) ; or using bio-based raw materials (such as corn) to produce 1, 5-pentanediamine through chemical methods. These methods are well known in the art. Examples of commercially available bio-based polyamide materials include, but are not limited to, Ecopent series from Cathay Biomaterial Co., Ltd, such as Ecopent E2260L, Ecopent E6631, Ecopent E1273, etc.
[0056] The polyamide blend is present in the polyamide composition according to the present invention in an amount of 30-60wt%, preferably 45-55wt%, for example 30wt%, 32wt%, 33wt%, 34wt%, 35wt%, 36wt%, 40wt%, 45wt%, 50wt%, 55wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the weight sum of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide and the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend is 25-40wt%, preferably 27-36wt%, most preferably 30-34wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide to the aliphatic polyamide is in the range of 1: 2 to 2: 1, preferably about 1: 1 in the polyamide blend.
[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyamide blend may further comprise an amorphous polyamide.
[0060] It should be understood that the amorphous polyamide herein could preferably display a melting heat of a maximum of 25 J / g, particularly preferably of a maximum of 22 J / g, very particularly preferably of 0 to 20 J / g at a heating rate of 20 K / min in dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in accordance with ISO 11357 (2013) .
[0061] There is no particular limitation for the type of the amorphous polyamide used in the polyamide composition according to the present invention, and examples of the amorphous polyamide may include: PA6. I, PA6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. T, PA MACM. 12, PA PACM. 12, or any combinations thereof.
[0062] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amorphous polyamide may be PA6. I, PA 6. I / 6. T, or any combinations thereof.
[0063] It is preferred that the amorphous polyamide is present in the polyamide composition according to the present invention in an amount of 10-20wt%, preferably 12-18wt%, for example 12wt%, 15wt%, 18wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0064] (B) Reinforcing agents
[0065] The polyamide composition according to the present invention may comprise a conventional reinforcing agent in the art, including, but not limited to, glass fibers, glass flakes, carbon fibers, boron fibers, asbestos fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, polybenzoxazole fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, kenaf fibers, bamboo fibers, hemp fibers, bagasse fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers, potassium titanate fibers, brass fibers, stainless steel fibers, steel fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, or any combinations thereof, preferably glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, asbestos fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers, potassium titanate fibers, brass fibers, stainless steel fibers, steel fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, or a combination thereof, more preferably glass fibers, carbon fibers, or any combinations thereof, particularly glass fibers.
[0066] For the purpose of the present invention, the reinforcing agent may be prepared via known methods or processes or is a commercially available reinforcing agent. Example of a commercially available reinforcing agent includes, but is not limited to, GF NEG-3610, ECSHP3610EC10-3.5 from Nippon Electric Glass.
[0067] It is preferred that the reinforcing agent is present in the polyamide composition according to the present invention in an amount of 40-70wt%, preferably 45-55wt%, such as 45wt%, 50wt%, 55wt%, 60wt%, 65wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0068] (C) Additives
[0069] The polyamide composition according to the present invention may also comprise various conventional additives so long as the additives and the amount thereof do not significantly adversely affect the desired properties of the polyamide composition according to the present invention. The additives may include, but not limited to, an antioxidant, a lubricant, a colorant, a light stabilizer, a heat stabilizer, a dispersant, a flow modifier, a free radical scavenger, a plasticizer, a demolding agent, an antistatic agent, an antimicrobial agent, or any combinations thereof.
[0070] The lubricant may be an ester, amide, alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt of fatty acids having from 10 to 40 carbon atoms (e.g., such as Ca stearate, Zn stearate, Mg behenate, Mg stearate) , polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, ester wax, EVA wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, montan wax, pentaerythrityl tetrastearate (PETS) and silicone wax. Ca stearate is preferred as a lubricant in the polyamide composition according to the present invention.
[0071] Suitable lubricant may also be an ester or an amide of saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 10 to 40, preferably from 16 to 22 carbon atoms with saturated aliphatic alcohols or amines which comprise from 2 to 40, preferably from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
[0072] The carboxylic acids may be mono-or dibasic. Examples of the carboxylic acids are pelargonic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, margaric acid, dodecanedioic acid, behenic acid, stearic acid, capric acid, and montanic acid (amixture of fatty acids having from 30 to 40 carbon atoms) .
[0073] The aliphatic alcohols may be mono-to tetrahydric. Examples of the aliphatic alcohols are n-butanol, n-octanol, stearyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, glycerol and pentaerythritol, preference being given to glycerol and pentaerythritol.
[0074] The aliphatic amines may be mono-to trifunctional. Examples of the aliphatic amines are stearylamine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, and di (6-aminohexyl) amine, particular preference being given here to ethylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine.
[0075] Preferred esters or amides are ethylene bis stearamide (EBS) , glycerol distearate, glycerol tristearate, glycerol monopalmitate, glycerol trilaurate, glycerol monobehenate, and pentaerythritol tetrastearate. Ethylene bis stearamide (EBS) is preferred as a lubricant in the polyamide composition according to the present invention.
[0076] It is also possible to use mixtures of various esters or amides, or esters with amides in combination, in any desired mixing ratio.
[0077] The lubricant is preferably present in an amount of 0.05-3 wt%, more preferably of 0.1-1 wt%, or 0.2-0.5wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0078] The antioxidant is not particularly limited, such as aromatic amine-based antioxidants, hindered phenol-based antioxidants, phosphite-based antioxidants, metal salts and iodides. Examples of aromatic amine-based antioxidants are poly (1, 2-dihydro-2, 2, 4-trimethyl-quinoline) , bis (4-octylphenyl) amine, 4, 4’-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine, N, N’-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N’-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-N’-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-N’- (1, 3-dimethylbutyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-N’- (3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl) -p-phenylenediamine, and N, N'-bis (methylphenyl) -1, 4-benzenediamine.
[0079] Examples of hindered phenol-based antioxidants are poly (oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl) -alpha- [3- [3, 5-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxyphenyl] -1-oxopropyl] -omega- [3- [3, 5-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxyphenyl] -1-oxopropoxy] , 2, 4-bis [ (octylthio) methyl] -o-cresol, octyl-3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamate, 3, 5-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid C7-C9-branched alkyl ester, 2, 4-bis [ (dodecylthio) methyl] -o-cresol, 4, 4’-butylidene bis- (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) , 3, 5-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid octadecyl ester, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate) , triethylene glycol-bis [3- (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydrophenyl) propionate] , 2, 4-bis (n-octylthio) -6- (4-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert-butylanilino) -1, 3, 5-triazine, tris- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -isocyanurate, 2, 2-thio-diethylene bis [3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] . For example, the phenol-based antioxidants can be commercially available from BASF as Irganox 1098, Irganox 1010, Irganox 1035, Irganox 1330, Irganox 1726, Irganox 565, etc.
[0080] Examples of phosphite-based antioxidants are tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite ( 168, BASF SE, CAS 31570-04-4) , bis (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythrityl diphosphite ( 626, Chemtura, CAS 26741-53-7) , bis (2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythrityl diphosphite (ADK Stab PEP-36, Adeka, CAS 80693-00-1) , bis (2, 4-dicumylphenyl) pentaerythrityl diphosphite ( S-9228, Dover Chemical Corporation, CAS 154862-43-8) , tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite ( TNPP, BASF SE, CAS 26523-78-4) , (2, 4, 6-tri-t-butylphenol) -2-butyl-2-ethyl-1, 3-propanediol phosphite ( 641, Chemtura, CAS 161717-32-4) and P-EPQ.
[0081] The antioxidant is preferably present in an amount of 0.005-1wt% (for example 0.01wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.6wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.8wt%, or 0.9wt%) , more preferably of 0.01-0.1 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0082] The colorant is not particularly limited, such as carbon black, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, ultramarine blue, zinc sulfide, phthalocyanines, quinacridones, perylenes, nigrosin and anthraquinones.
[0083] The colorant is preferably present in an amount of 0.1-2 wt%, more preferably of 0.2-0.5 wt%(for example 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.5wt%) , based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0084] Examples of suitable plasticizers are dioctyl phthalate, dibenzyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, hydrocarbon oils and N- (n-butyl) benzenesulphonamide.
[0085] The plasticizer is preferably present in an amount of 0.01-2 wt%, more preferably of 0.05-1 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0086] The amount of all the additives in the present invention is preferably not more than 10 wt%, more preferably is 5wt%or less, and most preferably is 2 wt%or less, based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0087] In all embodiments described herein, the sum of content of each component in the polyamide composition is 100 wt%in total.
[0088] According to the present invention, the polyamide composition is a bio-based polyamide composition.
[0089] In one embodiment according to the present invention, the polyamide composition comprises the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:
[0090] (A) 30-60wt%of a polyamide blend comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and an aliphatic polyamide; and
[0091] (B) 40-70wt%of a reinforcing agent;
[0092] wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56 / 5T, PA5T / 66, PA5T / 610, PA5T / 1010, or any combinations thereof, and the aliphatic polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56, PA510, or any combinations thereof, and
[0093] at least one of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide and the aliphatic polyamide is derived from a bio-based monomer.
[0094] In one further embodiment according to the present invention, the polyamide composition comprises the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:
[0095] (A) 30-60wt%of a polyamide blend comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide, an aliphatic polyamide, and an amorphous polyamide; and
[0096] (B) 40-70wt%of a reinforcing agent;
[0097] wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56 / 5T, PA5T / 66, PA5T / 610, PA5T / 1010, or any combinations thereof, the aliphatic polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56, PA510, or any combinations thereof, and the amorphous polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA6. I, PA6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. T, PA MACM. 12, PA PACM. 12, or any combinations thereof, and at least one of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide and the aliphatic polyamide is derived from a bio-based monomer.
[0098] In another one further embodiment according to the present invention, the polyamide composition comprises the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:
[0099] (A) 45-55wt%of a polyamide blend comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide, an aliphatic polyamide, and an amorphous polyamide; and
[0100] (B) 45-55wt%of a reinforcing agent;
[0101] wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56 / 5T, PA5T / 66, PA5T / 610, PA5T / 1010, or any combinations thereof, the aliphatic polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56, PA510, or any combinations thereof, and the amorphous polyamide comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of PA6. I, PA6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. T, PA MACM. 12, PA PACM. 12, or any combinations thereof, and at least one of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide and the aliphatic polyamide is derived from a bio-based monomer.
[0102] It is preferred that the polyamide composition according to the present invention can have one or more of the following properties:
[0103] -a tensile modulus of at least 16000MPa measured according to ISO 527-1 / -2;
[0104] -a tensile stress at break of at least 240MPa measured according to ISO 527-1 / -2;
[0105] -a tensile elongation (%) of at least 2.8 measured according to ISO 527-1 / -2;
[0106] -a flexural modulus of at least 15000MPa measured according to ISO 178;
[0107] -a flexural strength of at least 370MPa measured according to ISO 178;
[0108] -a Charpy notched impact strength at 23℃ of at least 17 KJ / m2 measured according to ISO 179 / 1eA;
[0109] -a Charpy unnotched impact strength at 23℃ of at least 95 KJ / m2 measured according to ISO 179 / 1eU; and
[0110] -a laser transmittance (LT) of at least 75%measured according to the following equipment and measurement information:
[0111] Laser machine model: FOBA Vario S50;
[0112] Laser Source: Nd: YAG, Diode, 1064nm;
[0113] Laser Beam Power: 1w;
[0114] Sample plate distance to laser focus: 80mm;
[0115] Sample plate length×width×thickness: 60mm×60mm×2mm;
[0116] wherein the LT and thickness were measured in the middle of the sample plate.
[0117] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the polyamide composition. According to the present invention, with respect to the method, all components for preparing the polyamide composition can be mixed together in a mixer such as a twin-screw extruder, or some components can be firstly mixed in a mixer such as a twin-screw extruder and the other components are then fed into the mixer such as a twin-screw extruder by, for example, using a side feeder. In the method for preparing the polyamide composition, the polyamide composition can be melt-extruded under a temperature of 280-300℃, and then pelletized, thus obtaining a polyamide composition in a pellet form.
[0118] In one embodiment according to the present invention, the polyamide composition is prepared from a raw material comprising the following components based on the total weight of the raw material:
[0119] (A) 30-60wt%of a polyamide blend comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and an aliphatic polyamide; and
[0120] (B) 40-70wt%of a reinforcing agent;
[0121] wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises:
[0122] an aromatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (I) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer and a structural unit (II) derived from an aromatic diacid monomer, and
[0123] an aliphatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (III) derived from an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms and a structural unit (IV) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms;
[0124] wherein the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises a structural unit (I’) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and a structural unit (IV’) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms; and
[0125] wherein at least one of the structural units (I) , (III) , (IV) , (I’) , or (IV’) is derived from a bio-based monomer.
[0126] Articles
[0127] The polyamide composition according to the present invention may be processed into various structures or forms by conventional methods to provide articles having high laser transmittance and expected mechanical properties, as well as satisfied mechanical properties retention when subjected to a heat-moisture treatment. For example, the individual components of the polyamide composition according to the present invention can be mixed and then molded, for example via injection and / or extrusion by means of conventional mixing apparatus, such as screw extruders, Brabender mixers or Banbury mixers to form the articles. The mixing temperatures used herein are generally from 280℃to 300℃. It will be understood that all components of the polyamide composition can be mixed at the same time. Alternatively, some components of the polyamide composition can be pre-mixed and then mixed with the other components.
[0128] Accordingly, the present invention provides an article produced from the polyamide composition according to the present invention.
[0129] It is preferred that the articles according to the present invention can have one or more of the following properties:
[0130] -a tensile modulus of at least 16000MPa measured according to ISO 527-1 / -2;
[0131] -a tensile stress at break of at least 240MPa measured according to ISO 527-1 / -2;
[0132] -a tensile elongation (%) of at least 2.8 measured according to ISO 527-1 / -2;
[0133] -a flexural modulus of at least 15000MPa measured according to ISO 178;
[0134] -a flexural strength of at least 370MPa measured according to ISO 178;
[0135] -a Charpy notched impact strength at 23℃ of at least 17 KJ / m2 measured according to ISO 179 / 1eA;
[0136] -a Charpy unnotched impact strength at 23℃ of at least 95 KJ / m2 measured according to ISO 179 / 1eU; and
[0137] -a laser transmittance of at least 75%measured by using the following equipment and measurement information:
[0138] Laser Machine Model: FOBA Vario S50;
[0139] Laser Source: Nd: YAG, Diode, 1064nm;
[0140] Laser Beam Power: 1w;
[0141] Sample plate distance to laser focus: 80mm;
[0142] Sample plate length×width×thickness: 60mm×60mm×2mm;
[0143] wherein the LT and thickness were measured in the middle of the sample plate.
[0144] Thus, the articles produced from the polyamide composition according to the present invention can be used in many fields, including but being not limited to, automobile, electrical, furniture, sports, mechanical engineering, sanitary and hygiene, medical, power engineering and drive technology and other means of transport, or housing material for equipment and apparatuses for telecommunications, consumer electronics, household devices, heating sectors, or fastening parts for installation work, or containers, or ventilation parts of any type.
[0145] Articles which can be produced by the polyamide composition according to the present invention are particularly suitable for automobile application.
[0146] Possible uses of the polyamide composition according to the present invention in automobile interiors are for dashboards, steering-column switches, seat parts, headrests, center consoles, gearbox components, and door modules, and possible uses in automobile exteriors are for door handles, headlamp components, exterior mirror components, windshield wiper components, windshield wiper protective housings, decorative grilles, roof rails, sunroof frames, and exterior bodywork parts.
[0147] Embodiments
[0148] Various embodiments are listed below. It will be understood that the embodiments listed below can be combined with all aspects and other embodiments in accordance with the scope of the invention.
[0149] Embodiment 1. A polyamide composition comprising the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:
[0150] (A) 30-60wt%of a polyamide blend comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and an aliphatic polyamide; and
[0151] (B) 40-70wt%of a reinforcing agent;
[0152] wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises:
[0153] an aromatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (I) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer and a structural unit (II) derived from an aromatic diacid monomer, and
[0154] an aliphatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (III) derived from an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms and a structural unit (IV) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms;
[0155] wherein the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises a structural unit (I’) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and a structural unit (IV’) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms; and
[0156] wherein at least one of the structural units (I) , (III) , (IV) , (I’) , or (IV’) is derived from a bio-based monomer.
[0157] Embodiment 2. The polyamide composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the aromatic diacid monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, or any combinations thereof.
[0158] Embodiment 3. The polyamide composition according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the aliphatic diacid monomer is at least one selected from C4-C20 aliphatic diacid, preferably C5-C10 aliphatic diacid.
[0159] Embodiment 4. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the molar ratio of aliphatic polyamide repeating unit to the aromatic polyamide repeating unit in the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend is 0.5-3: 1, preferably 0.6-2.5: 1, more preferably 0.7-2.4: 1.
[0160] Embodiment 5. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the content of structural unit (I) is 40 mol%or more in the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend, preferably 40-60 mol%.
[0161] Embodiment 6. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56 / 5T, PA5T / 66, PA5T / 610, PA5T / 1010, or any combinations thereof.
[0162] Embodiment 7. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide.
[0163] Embodiment 8. The polyamide composition according to embodiment 7, wherein the semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56, PA510, or any combinations thereof.
[0164] Embodiment 9. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 8, comprising the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:
[0165] (A) 45-55wt%of the polyamide blend; and
[0166] (B) 45-55wt%of a reinforcing agent.
[0167] Embodiment 10. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein the weight sum of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide and the aliphatic polyamide is 25-40wt%based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.
[0168] Embodiment 11. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the reinforcing agent comprises glass fibers, glass flakes, carbon fibers, boron fibers, asbestos fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, polybenzoxazole fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, kenaf fibers, bamboo fibers, hemp fibers, bagasse fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers, potassium titanate fibers, brass fibers, stainless steel fibers, steel fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, or a combination thereof, preferably glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, asbestos fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers, potassium titanate fibers, brass fibers, stainless steel fibers, steel fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, or any combinations thereof, more preferably glass fibers, carbon fibers, or any combinations thereof.
[0169] Embodiment 12. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the polyamide blend further comprises an amorphous polyamide selected from the group consisting of PA6. I, PA6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. T, PA MACM. 12, PA PACM. 12, or any combinations thereof.
[0170] Embodiment 13. The polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 12, further comprising at least one additive (C) selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a lubricant, a colorant, a light stabilizer, a heat stabilizer, a dispersant, a flow modifier, a free radical scavenger, a plasticizer, a demolding agent, an antistatic agent, an antimicrobial agent, or any combinations thereof.
[0171] Embodiment 14. An article produced from the polyamide composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 13.
[0172] EXAMPLES
[0173] Aspects of the present invention are more fully illustrated by the following examples, which are set forth to illustrate certain aspects of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting thereof.
[0174] Following materials and test methods were used in the Examples.
[0175] Materials:
[0176] Table 1 The raw materials used in the inventive examples and comparative examples
[0177] Measurements:
[0178] 1. Melting point was measured according to ISO 11357.
[0179] 2. Tensile modulus, tensile stress at break and tensile elongation were measured according to ISO 527-1 / -2.
[0180] 3. Flexural modulus and flexural strength were measured according to ISO 178.
[0181] 4. Charpy notched impact strength was measured according to ISO 179 / 1eA. The test specimens for Charpy notched test are type 1 with notched type A.
[0182] 5. Charpy unnotched impact strength was measured according to ISO 179 / 1eU. The test specimens for Charpy unnotched test is type 1 specimen with the dimensions of 80*10*4mm (length*width*thickness) .
[0183] 6. Laser transmittance was measured by the device of FOBA Vario S50 with the following test conditions: Laser Source: Nd: YAG, Diode, 1064nm; Laser Beam Power: 1w; Sample plate distance to laser focus: 80mm; Sample plate length×width×thickness: 60mm×60mm ×2mm; wherein the laser transmittance and thickness were measured in the middle of the Sample plate.
[0184] For test results in the following Table 2:
[0185] With regard to the test results under DAM (i.e., Dry as Mold) , all the test specimens were conditioned at 23℃ and 50%relative humidity for 16 h, and then corresponding tests were carried out.
[0186] With regard to the test results under Condition, all the test specimens were conditioned at 70℃ and 62%relative humidity for 2 weeks, and then corresponding tests were carried out.
[0187] The test specimens used are made according to the following general procedure for preparing the test specimens.
[0188] General procedure for preparing the test specimens
[0189] Test specimens were prepared in accordance with the formulations as shown in Table 2. All raw materials were mixed together in a Tubula T50A high-speed stirrer and fed into a Coperion ZSK26MC twin-screw extruder at the throat, then melt-extruded under a temperature of 280-300℃ (e.g., 290℃, or 295℃) , and pelletized, thus obtaining a polyamide composition in a pellet form.
[0190] The dried pellets of the polyamide composition were processed in an injection molding machine (KX130 from Krauss Maffei) with a clamping force of 130T at a melting temperature of 280-300℃ (e.g., 290℃, or 295℃) to provide a test specimen.
[0191] The obtained test specimens were measured for the properties as described above. The test results and the formulations for the preparation of the test specimens are summarized in Table 2.
[0192] Table 2
[0193] Ex.: Inventive Example; Comp. Ex.: Comparative Example
[0194] As shown in Table 2, the laser transmittance of the sample prepared based on Example 1 of the present invention was significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3; and the laser transmittance of the sample made based on Example 2 of the present invention was also significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 4. Thus, it can be clearly found that the polyamide composition (containing a polyamide blend as the matrix resin which comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and a semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide) according to the present application could possess the following performance characteristics simultaneously through a cost-effective way with low carbon emission: high laser transmittance and expected mechanical properties, as well as satisfied mechanical properties retention when subjected to heat-moisture conditions.
[0195] Furthermore, the laser transmittance of the samples prepared based on Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention was significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 (using traditional PA66 as the matrix resin) . This could fully demonstrate that suitable combination of a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and a semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide may result in obviously improved laser transmittance and satisfied mechanical properties simultaneously, which indicates the polyamide composition according to the present invention is particularly more suitable for the application that requires high laser transmittance and good mechanical stability, compared to the traditional polyamide composition (for example, PA66 as the matrix resin) . In addition, the samples prepared based on Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention still keep good mechanical properties under heat-moisture conditions.
[0196] It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications and variations may be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the embodiments and examples be considered as exemplary only. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1.A polyamide composition comprising the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:(A) 30-60wt%of a polyamide blend comprising a semi-aromatic co-polyamide and an aliphatic polyamide; and(B) 40-70wt%of a reinforcing agent;wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises:an aromatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (I) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer and a structural unit (II) derived from an aromatic diacid monomer, andan aliphatic polyamide repeating unit having a structural unit (III) derived from an aliphatic diamine monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms and a structural unit (IV) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms;wherein the aliphatic polyamide of the polyamide blend comprises a structural unit (I’ ) derived from 1, 5-pentanediamine monomer, and a structural unit (IV’ ) derived from an aliphatic diacid monomer having no greater than 20 carbon atoms; andwherein at least one of the structural units (I) , (III) , (IV) , (I’ ) , or (IV’ ) is derived from a bio-based monomer.2.The polyamide composition according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic diacid monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, or any combinations thereof.3.The polyamide composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aliphatic diacid monomer is at least one selected from C4-C20 aliphatic diacid, preferably C5-C10 aliphatic diacid.4.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the molar ratio of the aliphatic polyamide repeating unit to the aromatic polyamide repeating unit in the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend is 0.5-3: 1, preferably 0.6-2.5: 1, more preferably 0.7-2.4: 1.5.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the content of structural unit (I) is 40 mol%or more in the semi-aromatic co-polyamide of the polyamide blend, preferably 40-60 mol%.6.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the semi-aromatic co-polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56 / 5T, PA5T / 66, PA5T / 610, PA5T / 1010, or any combinations thereof.7.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the aliphatic polyamide comprises at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide.8.The polyamide composition according to claim 7, wherein the semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of PA56, PA510, or any combinations thereof.9.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following components based on the total weight of the polyamide composition:(A) 45-55wt%of a polyamide blend; and(B) 45-55wt%of a reinforcing agent.10.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the weight sum of the semi-aromatic co-polyamide and the aliphatic polyamide is 25-40wt%based on the total weight of the polyamide composition.11.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the reinforcing agent comprises glass fibers, glass flakes, carbon fibers, boron fibers, asbestos fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, polybenzoxazole fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, kenaf fibers, bamboo fibers, hemp fibers, bagasse fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers, potassium titanate fibers, brass fibers, stainless steel fibers, steel fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, or a combination thereof, preferably glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, asbestos fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers, potassium titanate fibers, brass fibers, stainless steel fibers, steel fibers, ceramic fibers, basalt fibers, or any combinations thereof, more preferably glass fibers, carbon fibers, or any combinations thereof.12.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the polyamide blend further comprises an amorphous polyamide selected from the group consisting of PA6. I, PA6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T, PA 6. I / 6. T / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. I, PA 12 / MACM. T, PA MACM. 12, PA PACM. 12, or any combinations thereof.13.The polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 12, further comprising at least one additive (C) selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a lubricant, a colorant, a light stabilizer, a heat stabilizer, a dispersant, a flow modifier, a free radical scavenger, a plasticizer, a demolding agent, an antistatic agent, an antimicrobial agent, or any combinations thereof.14.An article produced through the polyamide composition according to any of claims 1 to 13.