Foaming agent composition, polyurethane resin composition, and polyurethane foam

Abstract

An embodiment provides: a foaming agent composition comprising a foaming agent having a flash point of less than 50°C and an ignition inhibitor, wherein the foaming agent composition has a flash point of 100°C or higher or the flash point is not measured; and a polyurethane resin composition comprising an isocyanate component, an isocyanate-reactive component having reactivity with the isocyanate component, and the foaming agent composition.

Description

Foaming agent composition, polyurethane resin composition and polyurethane foam

[0001] The examples relate to a foaming agent composition, a polyurethane resin composition, and a polyurethane foam.

[0002] Soft polyurethane foam is widely used in vehicle cushioning materials, furniture mats, bedding, and miscellaneous goods due to its high cushioning properties. Soft polyurethane foam is typically manufactured by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with two or more compounds containing active hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, a blowing agent, and other additives. As active hydrogen-containing compounds, polyols, polymer polyols obtained by radical polymerization of acrylonitrile or styrene in polyols, primary and secondary polyamines, and water are used.

[0003] Generally, methylene chloride (MC) has been used as a blowing agent. Methylene chloride (MC) is effective in inducing uniform bubble formation in polyurethane foam because it is easy to vaporize at room temperature, and it has been widely used due to its low cost and foaming efficiency.

[0004] However, methylene chloride (MC) is known to be a toxic substance that can irritate the respiratory system and skin upon human exposure, and poses a risk of causing damage to the liver and nervous system with long-term exposure. In addition, methylene chloride (MC) is an environmentally harmful compound, and if released into the atmosphere, it can cause environmental problems such as ozone layer depletion.

[0005] As such, with growing concerns recently regarding the harmfulness and environmental impact of methylene chloride (MC), the need for new blowing agents that can replace methylene chloride (MC) is being emphasized.

[0006] The embodiments aim to provide a polyurethane foaming agent composition that is safe and environmentally friendly without impairing foaming characteristics, and a method for manufacturing a polyurethane foam using the same.

[0007] Another foaming agent composition in the example includes a foaming agent with a flash point of less than 50°C; and an ignition inhibitor, and has a flash point of 100°C or higher, or is not measured.

[0008] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the foaming agent may have a boiling point of about 0°C to about 110°C at atmospheric pressure, a molecular weight of about 50g / mol to about 200g / mol, and a density of about 0.8g / ml to about 1.5g / ml at room temperature.

[0009] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the foaming agent may include dichloroethylene.

[0010] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the dichloroethylene may include trans-1,2-dichloroethylene.

[0011] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the foaming agent comprises cis-1,2-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, wherein the cis-1,2-dichloroethylene is included in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dichloroethylene, and the trans-1,2-dichloroethylene may be included in an amount of 70 to 99 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dichloroethylene.

[0012] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the weight ratio of the foaming agent and the fire retardant may be 4:1 to 20:1.

[0013] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the ignition inhibitor may include at least one from the group consisting of trichloromethane, dibromomethane, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, tetrachloromethane, hexachlorobutadiene, and trichloroethylene.

[0014] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the ignition inhibitor may have a boiling point of about 0°C to about 110°C at atmospheric pressure, a molecular weight of about 50g / mol to about 200g / mol, and a density of about 1g / ml to about 1.8g / ml at room temperature.

[0015] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the flash point of the fire retardant may be 100°C or higher, or may not be measured.

[0016] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, a stabilizer may be further included.

[0017] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the stabilizer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane, nitromethane, nitroethylbenzene, methyl nitroacetate, and nitroethane.

[0018] In a foaming agent composition according to one embodiment, the stabilizer may be included in an amount of about 1 wt% to about 10 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.

[0019] The polyurethane resin composition according to the example comprises an isocyanate component; an isocyanate reactive component having reactivity with the isocyanate component; and a foaming agent composition, wherein the foaming agent composition comprises a foaming agent having a flash point of less than 50°C; and an ignition inhibitor, and the flash point of the foaming agent composition may be 100°C or higher, or may not be measured.

[0020] A polyurethane foam according to an example comprises an isocyanate component; an isocyanate reactive component having reactivity with the isocyanate component; and a foaming agent composition, wherein the foaming agent composition comprises a foaming agent with a flash point of less than 50°C; and an ignition inhibitor, and the flash point of the foaming agent composition is 100°C or higher, or is not measured.

[0021] The foaming agent composition according to the example includes a foaming agent; and an ignition inhibitor, and may have a flash point of 100°C or higher. Additionally, the flash point of the foaming agent composition according to the example may not be measured.

[0022] Accordingly, since the foaming agent composition according to the embodiment has a high flash point, it can reduce the risk of fire and increase safety during foaming.

[0023] In addition, the blowing agent may include dichloroethylene. Accordingly, the polyurethane resin composition according to the embodiment can induce uniform bubble formation. Furthermore, the ignition inhibitor may perform the function of a foaming aid. In particular, the ignition inhibitor may include trichloromethane. Accordingly, the polyurethane resin composition according to the embodiment can form more uniform bubbles.

[0024] In addition, the foaming agent composition according to the present embodiment may further include a stabilizer. The stabilizer can improve the dispersibility of the foaming agent in the polyurethane resin composition according to the embodiment.

[0025] Accordingly, the polyurethane resin composition according to the embodiment can provide a polyurethane foam having uniform and fine bubbles.

[0026] The foaming agent composition according to the present embodiment is effective in inducing uniform bubble formation within a polyurethane foam while not being harmful to the environment as it does not contain methylene chloride. When a polyurethane foam is manufactured using this, the entire foam is formed quickly, and the manufactured polyurethane foam can achieve physical properties such as density and compressive hardness at an appropriate level.

[0027] Before describing the compositions and formulations of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific compositions and formulations described, as such compositions and formulations may, of course, vary. Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms used herein are not intended to be limiting, as the scope of the invention claimed herein will be limited only by the appended claims.

[0028] As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “comprises,” and “comprised of” are synonymous with “including,” “includes,” or “containing,” and “contains,” and are comprehensive or open and do not exclude additional non-citation absences, elements, or method steps. As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “includes,” and “comprised of” will be understood to include the terms “consisting of,” “consists,” and “consists of.”

[0029] The foaming agent composition according to the embodiment may include a foaming agent and a fire retardant. In addition, the foaming agent composition according to the embodiment may further include a stabilizer.

[0030] The foaming agent composition according to the example can form a polyurethane foam. The foaming agent composition may be a foaming agent composition for polyurethane foam.

[0031] The above foaming agent may include dichloroethylene.

[0032] The above dichloroethylene may include trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and / or cis-1,2-dichloroethylene.

[0033] In one embodiment, the dichloroethylene may include cis-1,2-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene.

[0034] The blowing agent may include the cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in an amount of about 0.01 to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.01 to about 10 parts by weight, about 0.01 to about 5 parts by weight, about 0.1 to about 10 parts by weight, or about 0.2 to about 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total blowing agent.

[0035] The blowing agent may include the trans-1,2-dichloroethylene in an amount of about 70 to about 99.99 parts by weight, about 70 to about 99 parts by weight, about 80 to about 99.9 parts by weight, about 85 to about 99 parts by weight, or about 90 to about 99.9 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total blowing agent.

[0036] The foaming agent composition according to the example may include the foaming agent in an amount of about 50 to about 99 parts by weight, about 55 to about 95 parts by weight, about 60 to about 99 parts by weight, about 70 to about 99 parts by weight, about 80 to about 99 parts by weight, or about 90 to about 99 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition.

[0037] In addition, the foaming agent composition according to the example may include the foaming agent in an amount of about 55 parts by weight or more, about 60 parts by weight or more, about 65 parts by weight or more, about 70 parts by weight or more, or about 80 parts by weight or more, based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition, and may include the foaming agent in an amount of about 98 parts by weight or less, about 97 parts by weight or less, about 96 parts by weight or less, about 95 parts by weight or less, about 94 parts by weight or less, about 93 parts by weight or less, or about 92 parts by weight or less.

[0038] The foaming agent may have a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of about 0°C to about 110°C, about 0°C to about 110°C, about 10°C to about 100°C, about 20°C to about 90°C, about 10°C to about 80°C, or about 20°C to about 70°C.

[0039] The foaming agent may have a density of about 0.8 g / ml to about 1.5 g / ml at room temperature.

[0040] The above foaming agent may have a viscosity of about 0.01 mPa·s to about 20 mPa·s, about 0.05 mPa·s to about 10 mPa·s, or about 0.1 mPa·s to about 5 mPa·s at about 20°C.

[0041] The molecular weight of the foaming agent may be about 30 g / mol to about 500 g / mol, about 50 g / mol to about 200 g / mol, about 50 g / mol to about 300 g / mol, or about 70 g / mol to about 200 g / mol.

[0042] Since the foaming agent has the boiling point, density, viscosity, and molecular weight within the ranges described above, the foaming agent composition according to the example can form a polyurethane foam having uniform, fine, and uniform pores.

[0043] The above fire retardant may include halogenated hydrocarbons.

[0044] The above halogenated hydrocarbon may be at least one selected from the group consisting of trichloromethane, dibromomethane, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, tetrachloromethane, hexachlorobutadiene, and trichloroethylene. Preferably, the above halogenated hydrocarbon may be at least one selected from the group consisting of trichloromethane and dibromomethane. More preferably, the above halogenated hydrocarbon may be trichloromethane.

[0045] The foaming agent composition may include the ignition inhibitor in an amount of about 1 to about 50 parts by weight, about 0.5 to about 40 parts by weight, about 1.5 to about 30 parts by weight, about 2 to about 20 parts by weight, or about 1 to about 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition.

[0046] In addition, the foaming agent composition may include the ignition inhibitor in an amount of about 2 parts by weight or more, about 3 parts by weight or more, about 4 parts by weight or more, or about 5 parts by weight or more, based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition, and may include the ignition inhibitor in an amount of about 45 parts by weight or less, about 40 parts by weight or less, about 35 parts by weight or less, about 30 parts by weight or less, about 20 parts by weight or less, about 15 parts by weight or less, about 10 parts by weight or less, or about 9.9 parts by weight or less.

[0047] The ignition inhibitor may have a viscosity of about 0.01 mPa·s to about 20 mPa·s at about 20°C. Preferably, the ignition inhibitor may have a viscosity of about 0.05 mPa·s to about 10 mPa·s at 20°C. More preferably, the ignition inhibitor may have a viscosity of about 0.1 mPa·s to about 5 mPa·s at 20°C.

[0048] The difference between the viscosity of the ignition inhibitor and the viscosity of the foaming agent may be about 0.01 mPa·s to about 50 mPa·s, about 0.01 mPa·s to about 20 mPa·s, or about 0.01 mPa·s to about 30 mPa·s at about 20°C.

[0049] Since the above-mentioned fire retardant has the viscosity described above, the foaming agent composition can be uniformly mixed into the polyurethane resin composition according to the example, and the polyurethane foam in the example can have fine, uniform bubbles.

[0050] The molecular weight of the above fire retardant may be about 50 g / mol to about 500 g / mol, about 70 g / mol to about 300 g / mol, or about 90 g / mol to about 200 g / mol.

[0051] The above-mentioned fire retardant may have a boiling point of about 0°C to about 110°C, about 10°C to about 100°C, about 20°C to about 90°C, or about 20°C to about 80°C at atmospheric pressure.

[0052] Since the above-mentioned ignition inhibitor has the above-mentioned boiling point and molecular weight within the ranges described above, the ignition inhibitor can assist the foaming agent. That is, the ignition inhibitor can perform the function of a foaming aid.

[0053] The above fire retardant may have a density of about 1 g / ml to about 1.8 g / ml at room temperature.

[0054] The above-mentioned ignition inhibitor may have a flash point of approximately 100°C, approximately 100°C, approximately 120°C, approximately 140°C, approximately 160°C, approximately 180°C, approximately 200°C, approximately 220°C, approximately 240°C, approximately 260°C, approximately 280°C, or approximately 300°C. Additionally, the flash point of the above-mentioned ignition inhibitor may not be measured.

[0055]

[0056] The flash point of the foaming agent composition can be lowered by the above-mentioned ignition inhibitor.

[0057] The flash point of the foaming agent may be about -10°C to about 90°C, about -10°C to about 80°C, about -10°C to about 70°C, about -5°C to about 90°C, about -5°C to about 70°C, or about -5°C to about 80°C.

[0058] Since the foaming agent composition includes the ignition inhibitor, even if the foaming agent is included in excess, it may have a high flash point or not have a flash point.

[0059] The flash point of the foaming agent composition may be greater than about 100°C, greater than about 100°C, greater than about 120°C, greater than about 140°C, greater than about 160°C, greater than about 180°C, greater than about 200°C, greater than about 220°C, greater than about 240°C, greater than about 260°C, greater than about 280°C, or greater than about 300°C. Additionally, the flash point of the foaming agent composition may not be measured.

[0060] The above flash point can be measured according to KS M 2010. The above flash point may be a closed flash point or an open flash point.

[0061] Since the foaming agent composition has a flash point as described above, it can have enhanced stability. Since the foaming agent composition has a flash point within the range described above, it can prevent the occurrence of fire during the process of manufacturing the polyurethane foam according to the example. Accordingly, during the process of manufacturing the polyurethane foam according to the example, the foaming agent composition can provide enhanced stability.

[0062] The aforementioned ignition inhibitor can perform the function of a flame retardant. This flame retardant is an essential additive for reducing fire hazards during the manufacture of polyurethane foam. The flame retardant is uniformly dispersed within the polyurethane foam and serves to lower the combustion rate of the foam and prevent the spread of flames when exposed to external heat or flames. Commonly used flame retardants can be classified into halogenated compounds, phosphorus-based compounds, or inorganic types. Halogenated flame retardants suppress flames on the surface of the foam, while phosphorus-based flame retardants can inhibit thermal decomposition through phosphorylation upon heating. Additionally, inorganic flame retardants possess high thermal stability, which allows them to maintain the structural stability of the foam.

[0063] The foaming agent composition according to the example may further include a phosphorus-based compound or an inorganic flame retardant.

[0064] The above-mentioned phosphorus compound may be at least one of triphenyl phosphate, phosphamine, ammonium polyphosphate, red phosphorus, and diphenylphosphinic acid.

[0065] The above inorganic flame retardant may be at least one of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, borate, calcium hydroxide, and antimony oxide.

[0066] In the examples, the weight ratio of the foaming agent and the ignition inhibitor may be about 1:1 to about 20:1, about 2:1 to about 19:1, about 4:1 to about 20:1, or about 5:1 to 15:1. When the above ratios are satisfied, the polyurethane foaming agent composition can excellently achieve both foaming and flame retardant functions simultaneously.

[0067] The foaming agent composition may include the ignition inhibitor in an amount of about 0.5 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 7 wt%, about 1.5 wt% to about 6 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 9 wt%, or about 1.5 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.

[0068] The foaming agent composition may further include a stabilizer. The stabilizer may include a nitro compound or a silicon-based compound.

[0069] The above polyurethane foaming agent composition may further include a nitro compound.

[0070] The above nitro compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane, nitromethane, nitroethylbenzene, methyl nitroacetate, and nitroethane. Preferably, the nitro compound may be 1-nitropropane.

[0071] The above nitro compound may be included in an amount of about 0.001 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight relative to the total weight of the polyurethane blowing agent composition. The above nitro compound may be included in an amount of 0.01 parts by weight or more, 0.05 parts by weight or more, 0.07 parts by weight or more, 0.1 parts by weight or more, or 1 part by weight or more and 9 parts by weight or less, 8 parts by weight or less, 7 parts by weight or less, 6 parts by weight or less, or 5 parts by weight or less relative to the total weight of the polyurethane blowing agent composition.

[0072] The nitro compound may have a viscosity of about 0.01 mPa·s to about 20 mPa·s at 25°C. Preferably, the nitro compound may have a viscosity of about 0.05 mPa·s to about 10 mPa·s at 25°C. More preferably, the nitro compound may have a viscosity of about 0.1 mPa·s to about 5 mPa·s at 25°C.

[0073] In one embodiment, the nitro hydrocarbon may have a molecular weight of about 10 g / mol to about 500 g / mol. The nitro hydrocarbon may have a molecular weight of about 30 g / mol to about 300 g / mol. The nitro hydrocarbon may have a molecular weight of about 50 g / mol to about 200 g / mol.

[0074] The above-mentioned nitro compound can perform a stabilization function. The stabilizer can be used during the manufacture of polyurethane foam to maintain the uniformity of bubbles generated during the foaming process and to stabilize the foam structure, thereby improving the quality of the final product. The stabilizer prevents bubbles generated by the reaction between the polyol and the isocyanate from bonding together or breaking apart, allowing the cellular structure within the foam to be formed uniformly and finely.

[0075] The above stabilizers may include silicone-based stabilizers and non-silicone-based stabilizers. The silicone-based stabilizer is a compound combining polydimethylsiloxane and polyether, and may be effective for bubble stabilization and foam structure formation. The non-silicone-based stabilizer is mainly composed of surfactants or polyether compounds and may be used as a silicone substitute in specific applications or environments.

[0076] For example, the above silicone-based stabilizer may be a silicone-polyether block copolymer, and for example, the above non-silicone-based stabilizer may be a polyoxyalkylene.

[0077] The above stabilizer can act as a compatibilizer. The above nitro compound can serve to neutralize the above polyurethane foaming agent composition. The above nitro compound can prevent the polyurethane foam from discoloring.

[0078] In one embodiment, the dichloroethylene and the nitro compound may be included in a weight ratio of about 1:1 to about 20:1. Preferably, the dichloroethylene and the nitro compound may be included in a weight ratio of 2:1 to 19:1 or 5:1 to 15:1.

[0079] The foaming agent composition may contain the stabilizer in an amount of about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 2 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 2 wt% to about 7 wt%, or about 2 wt% to about 8 wt% based on the total weight.

[0080] The dipole moment of the above stabilizer may be about 2.0 D to about 4.5 D, about 2.5 D to about 4.0 D, or about 3.0 D to about 4.0 D.

[0081] Since the foaming agent composition includes the stabilizer as described above, the foaming agent and the ignition inhibitor can be uniformly mixed. Accordingly, the foaming agent composition can provide a foam having improved stability, a low flash point, and uniform pores.

[0082] The polyurethane foaming agent composition according to the example can effectively induce uniform bubble formation within the polyurethane foam without containing harmful substances such as methylene chloride. When a polyurethane foam is manufactured using this, the entire foam is formed quickly, and the manufactured polyurethane foam can achieve physical properties such as density and compressive hardness at an appropriate level.

[0083] In order to manufacture the above polyurethane foam, a polyurethane-based resin composition may be prepared.

[0084] The polyurethane resin composition according to the example comprises an isocyanate component; an isocyanate reactive component having reactivity with the isocyanate component; and a foaming agent composition, wherein the foaming agent composition comprises a foaming agent having a flash point of less than 50°C; and an ignition inhibitor, and the flash point of the foaming agent composition may be 100°C or higher, or may not be measured.

[0085] The above polyurethane resin composition may include the above foaming agent composition in an amount of about 0.5 wt% to about 7 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 1.5 wt% to about 4 wt%, or about 1 wt% to about 4 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.

[0086] The above isocyanate component may include polyisocyanate or isocyanate.

[0087] As the above polyisocyanate, known aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic organic isocyanate compounds having two or more isocyanate groups may be used. Examples include alkylene diisocyanates or arylene diisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (also called toluene diisocyanate or toluidine diisocyanate: TDI), 2,2'- or 2,4'- or 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and known triisocyanates and polymerizable MDI (crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate; referred to as crude MDI).

[0088] The isocyanates suitable for obtaining a soft polyurethane foam are a mixture of 80 mass% 2,4-TDI and 20 mass% 2,6-TDI, a mixture of 65 mass% 2,4-TDI and 35 mass% 2,6-TDI, a polyisocyanate of the entire MDI type, and a mixture of these TDIs and MDIs. Preferably, 2,4-TDI and / or 2,6-TDI may be 10 mass% or more of the polyisocyanate.

[0089] The amount of polyisocyanate used in the manufacture of a polyurethane foam is described as an "Isocyanate Index." The "Isocyanate Index" represents the percentage of isocyanate groups relative to active hydrogen-containing groups capable of reacting with isocyanate groups. It can be obtained by dividing the actual amount of polyisocyanate used in the reaction mixture by the theoretically required stoichiometric amount of polyisocyanate needed to react with the entire active hydrogen, and multiplying this by 100. In an embodiment of the present invention, the isocyanate index is not particularly limited, but generally, in the manufacture of a flexible polyurethane foam, it can be manufactured in the range of 70 to 130.

[0090] In addition, the above isocyanate component may include an isocyanate compound.

[0091] In various embodiments, an isocyanate compound comprising at least two isocyanate groups is also known as a polyisocyanate compound and refers to an aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic, ar-aliphatic, or heteroaryl compound having at least two isocyanate groups. The isocyanate compound may have an average functionality of at least about 2.0, for example, about 2 to 10, or about 2 to about 8, or about 2 to about 6, or about 2 to about 5, or about 2 to about 4, or about 2 to about 3. An exemplary isocyanate compound may be selected from the group consisting of a C2-C12 aliphatic isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups, a C6-C15 alicyclic isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups, a C6-C15 aromatic isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups, a C7-C15 ar aliphatic isocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups, and any combination thereof. In another embodiment, the isocyanate compound may include, in particular, various isomers of m-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI), hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate (HDI), tetramethylene-1,4-diisocyanate, cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate, hexahydrotoluene diisocyanate, hydrogenated MDI, naphthylene-1,5-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), or a mixture thereof. Examples of the above isocyanate compounds are commercially available from suppliers, such as SPECFLEX™ NE138, ISONATE™ M125, and ISONATE™ OP50 available from Dow Chemical Company.According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the isocyanate compound may be a modified isocyanate compound, that is, a product obtained through chemical modification of said isocyanate compound. An exemplary modified isocyanate compound is a polyisocyanate containing an ester, urea, biuret, isocyanurate, allofanate, carbodiimide, or uretonimine, for example, a 4,4'-carbodiimide modified MDI product. For example, a liquid isocyanate compound containing a carbodiimide group, a uretonimine group, or an isocyanurate ring and having an isocyanate group (NCO) content of 10 to 40 weight%, for example, 20 to 35 weight%, may be used. Additional examples may also include a mixture of at least one of the above isocyanate compounds and other components, for example, polymeric MDI (known as a mixture of about 50 wt% MDI and the remainder being high molecular weight polycyclic species, which is commercially available from suppliers), for example, PAPI 27 available from Dow Chemical Company.

[0092] Alternatively or additionally, the polyisocyanate compound may comprise an isocyanate prepolymer having NCO functionality in the range of 2 to 10, e.g., 2 to 8, or 2 to 6, or 2 to 5, or 2 to 4. The isocyanate prepolymer may be obtained by reacting one or more of the aforementioned monomeric isocyanate compound(s) with one or more isocyanate reactive compounds selected from the group consisting of a C2-C16 aliphatic polyol containing at least two hydroxyl groups, a C5-C16 alicyclic polyol containing at least two hydroxyl groups, a C6-C16 aromatic polyol containing at least two hydroxyl groups, a C7-C15 ar aliphatic polyol containing at least two hydroxyl groups, a polyester polyol having a molecular weight of 500 to 5,000, a polycarbonate polyol having a molecular weight of 200 to 5,000, a polyether polyol having a molecular weight of 200 to 8,000, or any combination thereof, provided that the isocyanate prepolymer comprises at least two free isocyanate groups, i.e., the relative amount of raw materials for preparing the prepolymer is final The isocyanate is in excess so that a free isocyanate moiety remains in the prepolymer. The polyether polyol may be the same as or different from any one of the first to third polyether polyols described above.For example, the isocyanate reactive compound for preparing the above isocyanate prepolymer is ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, e.g., 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol, methylpentanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, bishydroxyethyl-bisphenol A, bishydroxypropyl-bisphenol A, cyclohexanedimethanol, and bishydroxyethyl hydroquinone. It may be selected from the group formed. An example of a polyol for preparing an isocyanate prepolymer is VORANOL™ CP 6001, available from Dow Chemical Company. A suitable isocyanate prepolymer may have an NCO group content of 2 to 40 weight%, for example, 4 to 30 weight%. An example of the isocyanate prepolymer can be commercially purchased from a supplier, for example, SPECFLEX™ NE 135, available from Dow Chemical Company.

[0093] The content of the isocyanate compound may vary based on the actual requirements of the viscoelastic polyurethane foam. As an exemplary embodiment, the content of the isocyanate compound may be 25 wt% to 45 wt%, or 30 wt% to 40 wt%, or 32 wt% to 35 wt% based on the total weight of the polyurethane resin composition, which may be a numerical range obtained, for example, by combining any two of the following values: 25 wt%, 26 wt%, 27 wt%, 28 wt%, 29 wt%, 30 wt%, 31 wt%, 32 wt%, 33 wt%, 34 wt%, 35 wt%, 36 wt%, 37 wt%, 38 wt%, 39 wt%, 40 wt%, 41 wt%, 42 wt%, 43 wt%, 44 wt%, and 45 wt%. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the amount of the isocyanate compound is suitably selected such that the isocyanate group is present in stoichiometric equivalents or stoichiometrically incomplete amounts relative to the total molar amount of isocyanate reactive groups (e.g., hydroxyl groups, amino groups, etc.) contained in the polyol compound and all other components such as chain extenders, crosslinking agents, modifiers, compatibilizers, solvents, and cosolvents. For example, the molar ratio between the isocyanate group and the isocyanate reactive group may be 0.6:1 to 1:1, or 0.7:1 to 1:1, or 0.8:1 to 1:1, or 0.9:1 to 1:1, for example, about 1:1.

[0094] The above isocyanate reactive component may include a polyol. The above isocyanate reactive component may be a polyol composition containing the above polyol.

[0095] The above polyol may be selected from at least one of the group consisting of polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polyester ether polyol, polycarbonate polyol, polybutadiene polyol, bio-polyol derived from natural oils, or polymer dispersion polyol.

[0096] The C2-C6 alkylene oxide of the polyether polyol may be selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentylene oxide, and hexylene oxide. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the C2-C6 alkylene oxide of the polyether polyol may be propylene oxide. According to a separate embodiment of the present disclosure, the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl functionality of at least 4.0, or 4.0 to 10.0, or 4.0 to 6.0, which is within a numerical range obtained, for example, by combining any two of the following values: 4.0, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 5.0, 5.2, 5.4, 5.5, 5.7, 5.8, 6.0, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5, 6.7, 6.8, 7.0, 7.2, 7.4, 7.5, 5.7, 7.8, 8.0, 8.2, 8.4, 8.5, 8.7, 8.8, 9.0, 9.2, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8 and 10.0. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the polyether polyol has a molecular weight of 3,000 to 10,000, or 4,000 to 9,000, or 5,000 to 8,000, or 6,000 to 7,000, which may be a numerical range obtained, for example, by combining any two of the following values: 3,000, 3,200, 3,500, 3,800, 4,000, 4,200, 4,500, 4,800, 5,000, 5,200, 5,500, 5,800, 6,000, 6,200, 6,500, 6,800, 7,000, 7,200, 7,500, 7,800, 8,000, 8,200, 8,500, 8,800, 9,000, 9,200, 9,500, 9,800 and 10,000.

[0097] Additionally, the C2-C6 alkylene oxide of the polyether polyol may be selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentylene oxide, and hexylene oxide. If the C2-C6 alkylene oxide of the polyether polyol is propylene oxide, the polyether polyol may be considered a homopolymerized polypropylene oxide-based polyol or a fully polypropylene oxide-based polyol. According to a separate embodiment of the present disclosure, the C2-C6 alkylene oxide of the polyether polyol is a C3-C6 alkylene oxide. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the C2-C6 alkylene oxide of the polyether polyol may be propylene oxide. According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl functionality of 2.0 to 6.0, or 2.0 to 5.0, or 2.0 to 4.0, or 2.0 to 3.5, or 2.5 to 3.2, or 2.8 to 3.0, which is within a numerical range obtained, for example, by combining any two of the following values: 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, and 6.0. According to specific embodiments of the present disclosure, the polyether polyol is a poly(propylene oxide)-based polyol terminally capped with a propylene oxide moiety, i.e., a homopolymerized or fully polypropylene oxide-based polyol, and has OH functionality of 2 to 6, e.g. 3.According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the polyether polyol has a molecular weight of 150 to 2,500, or 500 to 2,000, or 700 to 1,000, which is within a numerical range obtained, for example, by combining any two of the following values: 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1,000, 1,050, 1,100, 1,150, 1,200, 1,250, 1,300, 1,350, 1,400, 1,450, 1,500, 1,550, 1,600, 1,650, 1,700, 1,750, 1,800, 1,850, 1,900, 1,950, 2,000, 2,050, 2,100, 2,150, 2,200, 2,250, 2,300, 2,350, 2,400, 2,450 and 2,500.

[0098] Additionally, the isocyanate reactive component may comprise any compound known for use in the manufacture of polyurethane, having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms and a molar mass of at least 500 g / mol. The functional value of the compound may be, for example, 2 to 8, and the molecular weight may be 400 g / mol to 12,000 g / mol. Accordingly, for example, the isocyanate reactive component may comprise a polyol selected from the group consisting of polyether polyamines and / or polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, or mixtures thereof.

[0099] The above polyol may include a polyether polyol and / or polyester polyol having a value of 500 to 12000, preferably 500 to 6000, and an average functional value of 2 to 6 or 2 to 4.

[0100] Polyether polyols that can be used in the present invention may be prepared by known methods. For example, they may be prepared by anionic polymerization using an alkali metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, as a catalyst, or by using an alkali metal alcoholate, such as sodium methanolate, sodium ethanolate or potassium ethanolate, or potassium isopropanolate, and adding at least one starting molecule having 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, reactive hydrogen atoms, or by cationic polymerization using a Lewis acid such as antimony pentachloride, boron fluoride etherate, or bleached clay as a catalyst. Polyether polyols may likewise be prepared from one or more alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in an alkylene moiety via a bimetallic cyanide catalyst. It is also possible to use tertiary amines, such as triethylamine, tributylamine, trimethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, imidazole, or dimethylcyclohexylamine, as catalysts. For specific intended uses, it is also possible to incorporate a single-functional starting material into the structure of a polyether.

[0101] Examples of suitable alkylene oxides are tetrahydrofuran, propylene 1,3-oxide, butylene 1,2- or 2,3-oxide, styrene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide and propylene 1,2-oxide. Alkylene oxides can be used individually, in an alternating continuous manner, or in the form of a mixture.

[0102] Examples of starting molecules that can be used are water, aliphatic and aromatic, optionally N-mono-, or N,N- or N,N'-dialkyl-substituted diamines having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in an alkyl moiety, for example optionally mono- and di-alkyl-substituted ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,3- or 1,4-butylenediamine, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, phenylenediamine, 2,3-, 2,4- and 2,6-tolylenediamine (TDA), and 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA), and polymer MDA. Other starting material molecules that may be used are alkanolamines, e.g., ethanolamine, N-methyl-, and N-ethylethanolamine; dialkanolamines, e.g., diethanolamine, N-methyl-, and N-ethyl-diethanolamine; trialkanolamines, e.g., triethanolamine; and ammonia. Polyhydric alcohols, e.g., ethanediol, 1,2- and 2,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane; and it is preferable to use pentaerythritol, sorbitol, and sucrose, and mixtures thereof. Polyether polyols may be used individually or in the form of mixtures.

[0103] Polyester polyols are prepared, for example, from alkanedicarboxylic acids and from polyhydric alcohols, polythioether polyols, polyesteramides, hydroxylated polyacetals and / or hydroxylated aliphatic polycarbonates, preferably in the presence of an esterification catalyst. Other possible polyols are presented, for example, in the literature ["Kunststoffhandbuch, Band 7, Polyurethane (Plastics Handbook, volume 7, Polyurethanes), Carl Hanser Verlag, 3rd edition 1993, chapter 3.1].

[0104] The polyester polyols preferably used can be prepared from, for example, dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and from polyhydric alcohols. Examples of dicarboxylic acids that can be used are aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, souveric acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid. Dicarboxylic acids may be used individually or in the form of a mixture, for example, a mixture of succinic acid, glutaric acid, and adipic acid. Optionally, instead of dicarboxylic acids, it may be advantageous for the preparation of polyester polyols to use corresponding dicarboxylic acid derivatives, such as dicarboxylic acid esters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in an alcohol moiety, dicarboxylic acid anhydrides, or diacyl chlorides. Examples of polyhydric alcohols include glycols having 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6, carbon atoms, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and dipropylene glycol; triols having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as glycerol and trimethylolpropane; and pentaerythritol as a highly functional polyhydric alcohol. Polyhydric alcohols may be used alone or optionally as a mixture of each other depending on the desired properties. When manufacturing the polyurethane foam of the present invention, it is preferable to use a polyether polyol as a compound (b) having at least two hydrogen atoms that is reactive to the isocyanate. It is particularly preferable that this comprises at least one 2 to 3 functional polyoxyalkylene polyol (b1) having a hydroxyl value of 20 to 40 and primary hydroxyl groups in a ratio of more than 70%. The polyoxyalkylene polyol (b1) preferably comprises at least 50 weight%, particularly preferably at least 80 weight%, of propylene oxide.

[0105] In relation to the polyurethane resin composition and the process for manufacturing the polyurethane foam, Korean Published Patents No. 10-2024-0109276, No. 10-2024-0090556, No. 10-2024-0035868, or No. 10-2023-0137444 may be referenced. That is, the descriptions of the isocyanate components and isocyanate reactive components disclosed in Korean Published Patents No. 10-2024-0109276, No. 10-2024-0090556, No. 10-2024-0035868, or No. 10-2023-0137444 may be essentially combined with the description of the present invention.

[0106] The above polyurethane-based resin composition may further include additives.

[0107] The above additive may further include a catalyst.

[0108] The catalyst is preferably an aliphatic amine such as triethylenediamine, bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether, 1-isobutyl-2-methylimidazole, and morpholine; or an organic tin compound such as tin octe phosphate and dibutyltin dilaurate. These may be used individually or in combination of two or more. The catalyst may be included in the polyurethane-based resin composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the polyol composition.

[0109] The above additive may further include an additional foaming agent.

[0110] The additional blowing agent may include liquefied carbon dioxide or water. The additional blowing agent may be included in the polyurethane-based resin composition in an amount of about 13 to about 60 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the polyol composition. The additional blowing agent may be included in the polyurethane-based resin composition in an amount of about 18 to about 50 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the polyol composition. The additional blowing agent may include water together with physical blowing agents such as hydroxyfluorocarbons (HFC-245fa, etc.), hydrocarbons (cyclopentane, etc.), carbon dioxide, and liquefied carbon dioxide.

[0111] The above additive may further include a foaming agent.

[0112] The above foam stabilizer may include an organosilicon-based surfactant. For example, SZ-1966, SZ-1919, SZ-1959, SZ-1142, and SRX-274 DL manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co, Ltd. or L-5309, Y-10366, L-3622, L-598, and L-3150 manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan Limited Liability Company may be used as the above foam stabilizer. The above foam stabilizer may be included in the polyurethane-based resin composition in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10 parts by mass or about 0.5 to about 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the polyol composition.

[0113] The above additive may further include a foam stabilizer.

[0114] The above foam stabilizer is a surfactant incorporated to form good bubbles. As for the foam stabilizer, any foam stabilizer known in the polyurethane industry can be used. Examples include silicone-based foam stabilizers and fluorine-containing compound-based foam stabilizers.

[0115] In addition, the above additive may additionally include a chain extender, a crosslinking agent, a linkage agent, a pigment, a UV absorber, or an antioxidant as needed.

[0116] Soft polyurethane foam can be manufactured by the one-shot foaming method using the above-mentioned polyurethane-based foaming composition. In addition, the "one-shot foaming method" is a method of manufacturing polyurethane foam in a single step. In this method, all components necessary for manufacturing polyurethane foam, including polyisocyanate, polyol, water, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer, a foaming agent, and others, are simply blended together, poured onto a moving conveyor or into a mold of a suitable shape to foam, and then cured.

[0117] The above polyurethane foam may be a soft polyurethane foam, a semi-rigid polyurethane foam, or a hard polyurethane foam.

[0118] The polyurethane foam obtained from the above polyurethane foam composition preferably has a density of about 14 kg / m³ or more, in terms of obtaining high rebound characteristics. In addition, it is preferable to have a density of about 80 kg / m³ or less in terms of tactile sensations such as seating comfort, ride comfort, and touch, as well as cost.

[0119] The polyurethane foam obtained from the above polyurethane foam composition provides a comfortable seating sensation, approximately 2 kgf / 314 cm 2 Up to about 20 kgf / 314cm 2 It is desirable to have a compressive hardness of 25%. In addition, resistance to severe compression of the polyurethane foam is required, and to achieve excellent strength and durability, approximately 10 kgf / 314cm 2 Up to about 40 kgf / 314cm 2 It is desirable to have a compressive hardness of 65%.

[0120] The polyurethane foam obtained from the above polyurethane foam composition preferably has a sag factor of about 0.5 to about 4.0. It is desirable that the sag factor satisfy the above range, as this enables the realization of appropriate support strength and elasticity of the soft polyurethane foam.

[0121] The polyurethane foam obtained from the above polyurethane foam composition preferably has an air permeability of about 0.5 L / min to about 5.0 L / min. When the air permeability satisfies the above range, the polyurethane foam has excellent breathability, making it comfortable and effective for sweat wicking.

[0122] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on examples and comparative examples. However, the following examples and comparative examples are merely illustrative for further explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by the following examples and comparative examples.

[0123]

[0124] Preparation Example 1 - Preparation of a Polyurethane Foaming Agent Composition

[0125] A polyurethane foaming agent composition was prepared by adding 85.0 parts by weight of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1.5 parts by weight of trichloromethane, and 4.0 parts by weight of 1-nitropropane.

[0126] Preparation Example 2 - Preparation of a Polyurethane Foaming Agent Composition

[0127] A polyurethane foaming agent composition was prepared by adding 87.0 parts by weight of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 7.5 parts by weight of trichloromethane, and 2.5 parts by weight of 1-nitropropane.

[0128] Preparation Example 3

[0129] Methylene chloride (MC) was used as a foaming agent.

[0130] Preparation Example 4

[0131] 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) was used as a foaming agent.

[0132]

[0133] Example 1 - Preparation of Polyurethane Foam

[0134] A polyol composition and a polyisocyanate were reacted in the presence of a catalyst and a blowing agent, foamed and cured at a temperature of about 25°C for about 15 minutes to produce a soft polyurethane foam.

[0135] - Polyol composition: A material obtained by mixing a methyloxirane polymer with oxirane and an ether with 1,2,3-propanetriol in a weight ratio of 3:1 (100 parts by weight)

[0136] - Polyisocyanate: Toluene diisocyanate (51.15 parts by weight)

[0137] - Water: (4.2 parts by weight)

[0138] - Foaming agent: Preparation Example 1 (5 parts by weight)

[0139] - Catalyst: Amine-based catalyst (0.2 parts by weight)

[0140] - Surfactant: Siloxane polyalkylene oxide copolymer (1.5 parts by weight)

[0141] Example 2 - Preparation of Polyurethane Foam

[0142] A soft polyurethane foam was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyurethane foaming agent composition of Preparation Example 2 was used as the foaming agent.

[0143] Comparative Example 1 - Preparation of Polyurethane Foam

[0144] A soft polyurethane foam was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyurethane foaming agent composition of Preparation Example 3 was used as the foaming agent.

[0145] Comparative Example 2 - Preparation of Polyurethane Foam

[0146] A soft polyurethane foam was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyurethane foaming agent composition of Preparation Example 4 was used as the foaming agent.

[0147]

[0148] Experimental Example 1: Boiling point

[0149] The boiling point was measured according to ASTM D 86. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.

[0150] Experimental Example 2: Specific Gravity

[0151] Specific gravity was measured according to ASTM D 1298. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.

[0152] Experimental Example 3: Color

[0153] Color was measured according to ASTM D 2108. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.

[0154] Experimental Example 4: Moisture

[0155] Moisture content was measured according to ASTM D 5401. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.

[0156] Experimental Example 5: Flash Point

[0157] The flash point was measured according to KS M 2010. The measurement results are listed in Table 1.

[0158] Boiling Point (°C) Specific Gravity (15 / 4°C) Color Moisture (%) Flash Point (°C) Preparation Example 1 48~5 551.27 Transparent 0.005 Unmeasurable Preparation Example 2 46~6 01.26 Transparent 0.01 Unmeasurable Preparation Example 3 39.6 1.32 Transparent 0.01 100 Preparation Example 4 15 61.44 Yellow 0.01 73

[0159] The polyurethane foaming agent compositions according to Preparation Examples 1 and 2 could not be measured due to the extinguishing of the ignition source at around 10°C.

[0160] Experimental Example 6: Cream time refers to the time it takes for the foaming reaction to start and reach a cream state. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0161] Experimental Example 7: Gel Time

[0162] This is the time from when the foaming reaction begins until it reaches a gel state, which refers to the point at which the reaction proceeds further and the polyurethane foam begins to set. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0163] Experimental Example 8: H / B Time

[0164] H / B stands for Hand Bag and represents the time it takes for the polyurethane foam to stabilize as the entire reaction is completed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0165] Cream Time (sec) Gel Time (sec) H / B Time (sec) Example 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 2 2 Comparative Example 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 2 5

[0166] Experimental Example 9: Appearance. The appearance of the polyurethane foam prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was measured according to the following criteria, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0167] - Good: Maintains a box-shaped form without shrinkage or collapse.

[0168] - Defective: If there is shrinkage or collapse, or if there is tearing (split) on the side of the foam.

[0169] Experimental Example 10: Density

[0170] Density was measured according to KS M ISO 845. The measurement results are shown in Table 3.

[0171] Experimental Example 11: Compression Hardness

[0172] The above polyurethane foam sheet was prepared with dimensions of 100mm X 100mm X 25mm. Using a compression tester (UTM, Instron), a load was slowly applied so that 25% of the sample thickness was compressed, and the load required to maintain a 25% compression state was measured (25% compression hardness).

[0173] In addition, a load was slowly applied so that 65% of the sample thickness was compressed, and the load required to maintain a 65% compression state was measured (65% compression hardness).

[0174] The measurement results are shown in Table 3.

[0175] Experimental Example 12: Sag factor

[0176] The deflection coefficient refers to the value obtained by dividing the 65% compressive hardness by the 25% compressive hardness. The calculation results are shown in Table 3. The measurement results are shown in Table 3.

[0177] Experimental Example 13: Air Permeability

[0178] Using a Model 1377 Form porosity instrument (AMSCOR), the polyurethane foam was fixed, and air was passed through the polyurethane foam under atmospheric pressure to measure the amount of air passed per unit time. The measurement results are shown in Table 3.

[0179] Apparent density (kg / m³) 3 )25% Compression Hardness (kgf / 314cm) 2 )65% compressive hardness (kgf / 314cm) 2 ) Deflection Coefficient Air Permeability (L / min) Example 1 Good 20.06.3 13.5 2.1 46 8.4 Comparative Example 1 Good 19.8 6.8 14.3 2.1 06 4.3

[0180] As shown in Table 3 above, it can be confirmed that the polyurethane foam according to the example has a density, 25% compressive hardness, 65% compressive hardness, deflection modulus, and air permeability similar to that of the case where methylene chloride is used as a blowing agent.

Claims

1. A foaming agent with a flash point of less than 50°C; and Includes an ignition inhibitor, A foaming agent composition having a flash point of 100°C or higher, or not measured.

2. In Paragraph 1, The foaming agent composition having a boiling point of about 0°C to about 110°C at atmospheric pressure, a molecular weight of about 50g / mol to about 200g / mol, and a density of about 0.8g / ml to about 1.5g / ml at room temperature.

3. In claim 2, the blowing agent is a blowing agent composition comprising dichloroethylene.

4. In claim 3, the foaming agent composition comprising the dichloroethylene trans-1,2-dichloroethylene.

5. In Paragraph 4, The blowing agent comprises cis-1,2-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, and The above cis-1,2-dichloroethylene is included in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight relative to the total weight of dichloroethylene, and A foaming agent composition in which the above-mentioned trans-1,2-dichloroethylene is included in an amount of 70 to 99 parts by weight relative to the total weight of dichloroethylene.

6. In Paragraph 1, A foaming agent composition in which the weight ratio of the foaming agent and the fire retardant is 4:1 to 20:

1.

7. In Paragraph 1, The above-mentioned ignition inhibitor is a foaming agent composition comprising at least one from the group consisting of trichloromethane, dibromomethane, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, tetrachloromethane, hexachlorobutadiene, and trichloroethylene.

8. The foaming agent composition of claim 1, wherein the ignition inhibitor has a boiling point of about 0°C to about 110°C at atmospheric pressure, a molecular weight of about 50g / mol to about 200g / mol, and a density of about 1g / ml to about 1.8g / ml at room temperature.

9. A foaming agent composition according to claim 8, wherein the flash point of the ignition inhibitor is 100°C or higher, or is not measured.

10. A foaming agent composition according to claim 1, further comprising a stabilizer.

11. In Paragraph 10, The above-mentioned stabilizer is a foaming agent composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane, nitromethane, nitroethylbenzene, methyl nitroacetate, and nitroethane.

12. In Paragraph 11, A foaming agent composition comprising the stabilizer in an amount of about 1 wt% to about 10 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.

13. Isocyanate component; An isocyanate-reactive component having reactivity with the above isocyanate component; and Includes a foaming agent composition, The above foaming agent composition is, Foaming agent with a flash point of less than 50°C; and Includes an ignition inhibitor, A polyurethane resin composition in which the flash point of the foaming agent composition is 100°C or higher, or is not measured.

14. Isocyanate component; An isocyanate-reactive component having reactivity with the above isocyanate component; and Includes a foaming agent composition, The above foaming agent composition is, Foaming agent with a flash point of less than 50°C; and Includes an ignition inhibitor, A polyurethane foam in which the flash point of the above foaming agent composition is 100°C or higher, or is not measured.