Single layer ball guide mechanism for sensor shift image stabilization

Abstract

An example device includes a camera housing; an x carrier; a y carrier comprising a plurality of sides; and an image sensor attached to the x carrier, wherein: the x carrier is connected to the y carrier via a first plurality' of ball bearings at a first pair of sides of the plurality of sides, the y carrier is connected to the camera housing via a second plurality of ball bearings at a second pair of sides of the plurality of sides that is different than the first pair.

Description

SINGLE LAYER BALL GUIDE MECHANISM FOR SENSOR SHIFT IMAGE STABILIZATIONBACKGROUND

[0001] Mobile computing devices may include cameras to produce photos and videos. In some examples, movement of the camera while capturing a photo or video may result in a photo or video with undesirable effects (e.g., blur). To reduce the undesirable effects mobile computing devices may include sensor shift image stabilization.SUMMARY

[0002] In general, aspects of this disclosure are directed to a mobile computing device camera with a ball guide mechanism for sensor shift image stabilization. Cameras of mobile computing devices may produce a photo or video by focusing light from the camera lens onto an image sensor. In one example, the mobile computing device may move (e.g., due to being held in unsteady hands, on a moving vehicle, etc.) while the camera is capturing a photo or video. The movement of the camera may cause undesirable effects to the photo or video (e.g., blur). To counteract the movement of the camera and prevent the undesirable effects, the mobile computing device may perform optical image stabilization (OIS). In some examples, a mobile computing device camera may generally include a mechanism that shifts the image sensor to perform OIS. For instance, a sensor shift mechanism may move the image sensor opposite movement of the computing device, thereby canceling out said movement and stabilizing image sensor.

[0003] Sensor shift mechanisms may utilize a ball guide that includes carriers that facilitate the movement of the image sensor along an X-axis and a Y-axis (e.g., that are both on a plane of the image sensor) via ball bearings. The ball guide mechanism may include combined X and Y ball bearings with two carriers stacked in the Z direction (e.g., perpendicular to the plane of the image sensor) or independent X and Y ball bearings with three carriers stacked in the Z direction. Such designs may assist in providing image and video stabilization by shifting the image sensor. However, such designs may present, one or more disadvantages. As one example, both designs may result in undesirable thickness of the ball guide mechanism in the Z direction. As another example, the combined X and Y ball bearings design may introduce crosstalk between X and Y movements.

[0004] In accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure, a mobile computing device camera may include a ball guide mechanism for sensor shift image stabilization with two laterally stacked carriers and independent X and Y movements. In one example, the first carrier may be referred to as an X carrier that facilitates movement of the image sensor in the X direction via X ball bearings. In another example, the second carrier may be referred to as a Y carrier that facilitates movement of the image sensor in the Y direction via Y ball bearings. The X and Y carriers may be laterally stacked in the X / Y direction, rather than vertically stacked in the Z direction. The X carrier may carry the image sensor and be connected to the Y earner via the X ball bearings and the Y earner may be connected to a camera housing via the Y ball bearings. In this way, aspects of this disclosure may reduce thickness of the ball guide mechanism while also preventing crosstalk between X and Y movements.

[0005] In one example, a device includes: a camera housing; an x carrier; a y carrier comprising a plurality of sides; and an image sensor attached to the x carrier, wherein: the x carrier is connected to the y carrier via a first plurality of ball bearings at a first pair of sides of the plurality of sides, the y carrier is connected to the camera housing via a second plurality of ball bearings at a second pair of sides of the plurality of sides that is different than the first pair.

[0006] The details of one or more examples of the disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] FIGS. 1A-1D are conceptual diagrams illustrating a ball guide mechanism for sensor shift image stabilization with two laterally stacked carriers and independent X and Y movements, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0008] FIG. 2A-2C are conceptual diagrams illustrating an example mobile computing device, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0009] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example mode of operation of an example camera that, performs optical image stabilization, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] FIGS. 1 A-1D are conceptual diagrams illustrating camera 100 that includes a ballguide mechanism 101 for sensor shift image stabilization with two laterally stacked carriers (116 and 120) and independent X and Y movements, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. Camera 100 may be included in any mobile computing device that includes a camera such as a smartphone, a foldable smartphone, a tablet, a gaming system, etc.Camera 100 may be referred to as a camera module or camera assembly.

[0011] FIG. 1 A shows a top view of camera 100 looking down at the X-Y plane, FIG. IB shows a cross-sectional view of camera 100 on the X-Z plane (e.g., along line A- A), and FIG.1C show's a cross-sectional view' of camera 100 on the Y-Z plane (e.g., along line B-B). Note that some features are shown in FIGS. IB and 1C that are not on the respective A- A and B-B lines, but nevertheless assist with explanation.

[0012] As shown in FIGS. 1A, IB, and 1 C, camera 100 may include camera housing 102 and ball guide mechanism 101 (herein referred to as, “mechanism 101”). Camera housing 102 may include printed circuit board (PCB) 122, and image sensor 124. As also shown, Mechanism 101 may include Y carrier 116, X carrier 120, Xball bearings 126A, 126B, 126C, and 126D (collectively, “X ball bearings 126”), and Y ball bearings 128 A, 128B, 128C, and 128D (collectively, “Y ball bearings 128”).

[0013] PCB 122 may be a circuit component on which image sensor 124 may be mounted. PCB 122 may include components that support operation of image sensor 124, such as connectors, circuit components, and the like.

[0014] A camera lens may capture light from a scene (e.g., mountains, people, food, etc.) to produce a photo or video of the scene. The camera lens may focus the captured light onto image sensor 124. Image sensor 124 may include photosensitive cells (e.g., photodiodes) that may react to light, e.g., convert light into electrical signals. In some examples, image sensor 124 may be a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) sensor, a Complementary' Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) sensor, a Bayer Filter Array Sensor, etc. In some examples, PCB 122 may include other components such as an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which may convert, the electrical signals from image sensor 124 into digital data that represents the scene. One or more processors may be included in the mobile computing device to process the digital data and produce the final photo or video of the scene. Further, in some examples, PCB 122 may include a gyroscope, accelerometer, and / or other components to provide comprehensive motion data of the camera. In other examples, one or more of the components to provide comprehensive motion data of the camera are included outside of PCB 122 (e.g., on a main PCB of the mobile computing device located near one or more processors.).

[0015] In general, mechanism 101 may perform operations to perform optical image stabilization (OIS). For instance, mechanism 101 may move (i.e., shift) a position of image sensor 124 to compensate for movement of camera 100 relative to a scene being captured via camera 100. As discussed above, mechanism 101 may include Y carrier 116, X carrier 120, X ball bearings 126, and Y ball bearings 128.

[0016] In the example illustrated by FIG. 1 A, Y carrier 116 includes four sides. In other examples, Y carrier 116 may include more or less than four sides. In one example, a side may be considered a line segment or boundary that contributes to the overall structure of a mechanism. In the example illustrated by FIG. 1A, the sides of Y carrier 116 that are parallel to each other may be substantially similar in length. In the example illustrated by FIG. 1 A, Y carrier 116 may resemble the shape of a rectangle or a square. In another example (not illustrated by FIG. I A), each side of Y carrier 116 may not be similar in length. Y carrier 116 may generally include sides that are longer in length than the sides of X earner 120. In one example, Y carrier 116 may be responsible for carrying X carrier 120 (and thus image sensor 124) in the Y direction. For instance, Y carrier 120 may carry / X carrier 116 upwards in the Y direction.

[0017] In the example illustrated by FIG. 1A, X carrier 120 includes four sides. In other examples, X carrier 120 may include more or less than four sides. In the example illustrated by FIG. 1 A, the sides of X carrier 120 that are parallel to each other (e.g., the two sides across from each other) may be substantially similar in length. In the example illustrated by FIG. 1A, X earner 120 may be generally rectangular. In another example (not illustrated by FIG.1A), each side of X carrier 120 may not be similar in length. X carrier 120 may generally include sides that are shorter in length than the sides of Y carrier 116.

[0018] In one example, X carrier 120 may be responsible for carrying PCB 122 (and thus image sensor 124) in the X direction. For instance, X carrier 120 may carry image sensor 124 to the right in the X direction. In some examples, PCB 122 may be attached to X carrier 120 via an adhesive (e.g., an epoxy adhesive, a silicon adhesive, an acrylic adhesive, double sided tape, etc.) and / or via mechanical components (e.g., screws, mounting clips, etc.).

[0019] Camera housing 102 may resemble Y carrier 116 and / or X carrier 120. For instance, housing 102 may have four sides and, in the example of FIG. 1A, be substantially rectangular. Like Y carrier 116 and X earner 120, camera housing 102 is not limited to the shape or number of sides illustrated by FIG. 1 A. However, unlike Y carrier 116 and X carrier 120, camera housing 102 may not be considered part of mechanism 101. Such that camerahousing 102, does not move (e.g., cany ) to facilitate OIS. Rather, camera housing 102 may provide protection and support for camera 100.

[0020] While camera housing 102 may not be included in mechanism 101, in some examples, housing 102 may be connected to Y carrier 116 via Y ball bearings 128, which are included in mechanism 101. In the example illustrated by FIG. 1 A, four Y ball bearings 128 connect housing 102 to Y carrier 116 and vice versa. For instance, two Y ball bearings 128 are located next to each of the parallel sides of Y carrier 116 that are oriented parallel to the Y axis. In some examples, two Y ball bearings 128 may be located next to each of the parallel sides of Y carrier 116 that are oriented perpendicular to the Y axis. In one example, Y ball bearings 128 may facilitate movement of Y carrier 116 in the Y and / or Z direction. Such that Y ball bearings may roll in the Y direction or the Z direction. For instance, Y ball bearings may roll up or down along the Y axis.

[0021] In some examples, X carrier 120 may be connected to Y carrier 116 and vice versa via X ball bearings 126. In the example illustrated by FIG. 1 A, X carrier 120 is connected to Y carrier 116 via four X ball bearings 126. For instance, two X ball bearings 126 are located next to each of the parallel sides of X carrier 120 that are oriented parallel to the X axis. In other examples, two X ball bearings 126 may be located next to each of the parallel sides of X carrier 120 that are oriented perpendicular to the X axis. In one example, X ball bearings 126 may facilitate movement of X carrier 120 in the X direction. For instance, X ball bearings may roll right or left along the X axis.

[0022] In one example, Y carrier 116 may include X channels 134 and Y channels 132. X ball bearings 126 may roll in X channels 134. X channels 134 may serve as a boundary' for movement of X carrier 120, such that X carrier 120 can only move (in the X direction) as far as X channels 134 allow X ball bearings 126 to roll. Similarly, Y ball bearings 128 may roll in Y channels 132. Y channels 132 may serve as a boundary for movement of Y carrier 116, such that Y carrier 116 can only move (in the Y direction) as far as Y channels 132 allow Y ball bearings 128 to roll. In another example, housing 102 may include Z channels 130.

[0023] In another example, X carrier 120 and housing 102 may include indents (e.g., notches). X ball bearings 126 may reside within the indents of X carrier 120 and Y ball bearings 128 may reside within the indents of housing 102. The indents may be used to stabilize the ball bearings to facilitate movement of the earners. For instance, X ball bearings 126 may reside within the indents of X carrier 120 such that when X carrier 120 moves in an X direction X ball bearings 126 may roll in place within the indents with respect to X carrier120.

[0024] The channel to carrier arrangements and the arrangement of the indents of FIGS. 1A-1D are merely one possible arrangement. For instance, in another example, X carrier 120 may include X channels 134 and Y carrier 116 includes indents for X ball bearings 126 on the opposite side. Further, Y carrier 116 may have the same reversed Y ball indent and channel design on the Y ball guide design.

[0025] Mechanism 101 may include one or more actuators that move X carrier 120 and / or Y carrier 116. For instance, mechanism 101 may include a first actuator that moves X carrier 120 along the X direction, and a second actuator that moves Y carrier 116 along the Y direction. In some examples, mechanism 101 may further include a third actuator that moves Y carrier 116 along the Z direction. These actuators may include any suitable electromechanical components, such as voice coil motors (VCMs), motors, and the like. As shown in FIGS. 1A-1D, mechanism 101 may include X coil 112, Y coil 108, and Z coils 104A and 104B (collectively, “Z coils 104”), X magnet 114, Y magnet 110, and Z magnets 106A and 106B (collectively, “Z magnets 106”). Each coil of mechanism 101 may correspond to (e.g., be located close to) a magnet of mechanism 101. For instance, X coil 112 may correspond to X magnet 114, Y coil 108 may correspond to Y magnet 110, Z coil 104 A may correspond to Z magnet 106 A, and Z coil 104B may correspond to Z magnet 106B.

[0026] In one example, a coil from mechanism 101 may be an electric conductor (e.g., a wire) in a spiral shape that uses an electric current to generate a magnetic field. Such that, a coil from mechanism 101 may generate an attraction or repulsion relationship with a magnet from mechanism 101.

[0027] Each coil of mechanism 101 may be responsible for moving image sensor 124 in an X, Y, or Z direction. X coil 112 may be responsible for shifting image sensor 124 in an X direction via X magnet 114. Y coil 108 may be responsible for shifting image sensor 124 in a Y direction via Y magnet 110, and Z coils 104 may be responsible for shifting image sensor 124 in a Z direction via Z magnets 106. Z coils 104 may operate together. For instance, Z coil 104 A and Z coil 104B may each receive the same electric signal. The coil and magnet pairs may collectively be considered actuators and may operate to perform OIS. For instance, X coil 112 and X magnet 114 may be considered a first actuator or an X actuator, Y coil 108 and Y magnet 110 may be considered a second actuator or a Y actuator, and Z coils 104 and Z magnets 106 may be considered a third actuator or Z actuator. In some examples, the Z actuator may perform one or more operations to perform AF.

[0028] In some examples, motion data may be associated with an electric signal that is provided to one or more coils of mechanism 101. The electric signal may be used to direct movement of image sensor 124. For instance, camera 100 may move along the X axis (e.g., left or right) while capturing a photo. One or more gyroscopes, accelerometers, and / or other components of the mobile computing device may collect motion data of camera 100. One or more processors may generate a signal, based on the motion data, and provide the signal to an X actuator (e.g., that includes X coil 112 and X magnet 114). Receipt of the signal may cause the X actuator to move X carrier 120 (which includes image sensor 124) in the necessary direction (along the X axis) to counteract the movement of camera 100 (e.g., in response to receiving the signal, X coil 112 may generate a magnetic field that interacts with X magnet 114 to move X carrier 120).

[0029] In one example, one or more processors of a mobile computing device that includes camera 100 may cause X carrier 120 to move, via X coil 112 and X magnet 114, in an X direction to perform OIS. In another example, one or more processors of a mobile computing device that includes camera 100 may cause Y carrier 116 to move, via Y coil 108 and Y magnet 110, in a Y direction to perform OIS.

[0030] In accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure, a camera 100 of a mobile computing device may include mechanism 101 for sensor shift image stabilization with X carrier 120 laterally stacked with Y carrier 116 and each carrier corresponding to independent X and Y movements, respectively. Image sensor 124 may be attached to X earner 120. In one example, X carrier 120 may move image sensor 124 in the X direction within Y carrier 116 via X ball bearings 126. In another example, Y carrier 116 may move in the Y direction within housing 102 via Y ball bearings 128. In some examples, because X carrier 120 is laterally stacked within Y carrier 116 and attached to Y carrier 116 via X ball bearings 126, when Y carrier 116 moves in the Y direction image sensor 124 moves in the Y direction as well. Each carrier mav include designated ball bearings, magnets, and coils that facilitate movement in the carrier’s respective direction, such that control of movements in the X and Y direction are independent. In this way, aspects of this disclosure may reduce crosstalk within mechanism 101 and thickness of mechanism 101 for sensor shift image stabilization.

[0031] FIG. IB shows a cross-sectional view of camera 100 on the X-Z plane (e.g., along line A-A). Although line A-A of FIG, 1A goes through Y ball bearings 128A and 128B, X ball bearings 126 A and 126B and X carrier 120 are shown to help facilitate understanding. As illustrated by FIG. IB, X carrier 120 may be laterally stacked within Y carrier 116. Such that,1the centers of X ball bearings 126 and the centers of Y ball bearings 128 may be coplanar (e.g., the centers of ball bearings 128A, 126A, 126B, and 128B may all lie on the same plane). However, in some examples, X carrier 120 may be laterally stacked with Y carrier 116 and the centers of X ball bearings 126 and the centers of Y ball bearings 128 may not be coplanar. For instance, X carrier 120 and / or Y carrier 116 may be shifted up in the Z axis such that X carrier 120 and Y carrier 116 are still laterally stacked but the centers of X ball bearings 126 and the centers of Y ball bearings 128 may not be coplanar. Thus, mechanism 101 may be a single layer ball guide mechanism for sensor shift image stabilization.

[0032] X earner 120 may carry PCB 122 (and thus image sensor 124). X carrier 120 may be configured to move in an X direction via X ball bearings 126 (e.g., ball bearings 126 support movement of X carrier 120 in an x direction). In some examples, as X earner 120 moves in an X direction ball bearings 126A and 126B may roll within X channels 134. X channels 134 may be channels (e.g., passages or grooves) in Y carrier 116 that guide, direct, or accommodate X ball bearings 126. Further, X channels 134 may also serve one or more structural purposes, such as providing strength and or support to mechanism 101, while also allowing for movement or interaction of the carriers. Such that, to support movement of X carrier 120 in an X direction X ball bearings 126 move within X channels 134.

[0033] The length of X channels 134 may generally serve as a boundary for how far X carrier 120 may move in an X direction. Such that, when X ball bearings 126 reach the end of X channel 134, X earner 120 may no longer move any further in that. X direction. The distance that X carrier 120 may move in an X direction may be illustrated by X stroke 140. In some examples, X stroke 140 may be associated with the length of X channels 134 and / or the distance between a side of Y carrier 116 and a side of X carrier 120 (parallel and proximal to the side of Y carrier 116).

[0034] Y carrier 116 may carry X carrier 120 (and thus image sensor 124). Y carrier 116 may be configured to move in a Y direction via Y ball bearings 128 (e.g., ball bearings 128 support movement of Y carrier 116 in a Y direction). In some examples, as Y carrier 116 moves in a Y direction, ball bearings 128A and 128B may roll within Y channels 132. Y channels 132 may be channels (e.g., passages or grooves) in Y carrier 116 that guide, direct, or accommodate Y ball bearings 128. Further, Y channels 132 may also serve one or more structural purposes, such as providing strength and / or support to mechanism 101 while also allowing for movement or interaction of the carriers. Such that, to support movement of Y carrier 116 in a Y direction, Y ball bearings 128 move within Y channels 132. In the exampleillustrated by FIG. IB, movement of Y ball bearings 128 within Y channels 132 may be directed along the Y axis (e.g., in and out of the page).

[0035] In addition, Y carrier 116 may be configured to move in a Z direction via Y ball bearings 128 (e.g., Y ball bearings 128 support movement of Y carrier 116 in a Z direction). In some examples, as Y carrier 116 moves in aZ direction, ball bearings 128 A and 128B may roll within Z channels 130. Z channels 130 may be channels (e.g., passages or groves) in housing 102 that guide, direct, or accommodate Y ball bearings 128. Further, Z channels 130 may also serve one or more structural purposes, such as providing strength and / or support to mechanism 101 while also allowing for movement or interaction of the carriers. Such that, to support movement of Y carrier 116 in a Z direction, Y ball bearings 128 move within Z channels 130.

[0036] In this way, Y ball bearings 128 may support movement of Y carrier 116 in the Y direction and Z direction. Whereas X ball bearings 126 may support movement of X carrier 120 in only the X direction.

[0037] In some examples, camera 100 may move Y carrier 116 in a Z direction to perform auto focus (AF). For instance, camera 100 may be capturing a photo or video of a scene (e.g., a flower in a field of grass). To capture a photo or video with sharp focus on the subject (e.g., the flower) of the scene, image sensor 124 may need to be moved up or down in the Z direction. Camera 100 may achieve this movement by implementing AF, where Y carrier 116 may move up and / or down in the Z direction before capturing the photo. This way camera 100 may produce a photo of the scene with the flower in focus. In this way, AF may contribute to providing an image without undesired effects (e.g. blur). In other examples, movement of Y carrier 116 in the Z direction may be used to counteract movement of camera.100 in the Z direction.

[0038] In one example, camera 100 may move along the Z axis (e.g., up or down) while capturing a photo. One or more gyroscopes, accelerometers, and / or other components of the mobile computing device may collect motion data of camera 100. A signal may be generated, based on the motion data, and provided to Z coils 104 to direct movement of image sensor 124. The signal may cause Z coils 104 to generate a magnetic field which moves Y carrier 116 in the necessary' direction (along the Z axis) to counteract the movement of camera 100.

[0039] In another example, one or more components of the mobile computing device may collect distance or contrast information associated with the subject of the photo that camera 100 is capturing. Such that, one or more processors of the mobile computing device thatincludes camera 100 may cause Y carrier 116 to move, viaZ coils 104 and Z magnets 106, in a Z direction to perform AF for OIS. In some examples, the centers of Y ball bearings 128 and the centers of X ball bearings 126 are coplanar for at least a portion of the performance of AF for OIS.

[0040] The length of Z channels 130 may generally serve as a boundary for how far Y carrier 116 may move in a Z direction. Such that, when Y ball bearings 128 reach the end of Z channel 130, Y earner 116 may no longer move any further in that. Z direction. The distance that Y carrier 116 may move in the Z direction may be illustrated by Z stroke 138.

[0041] In some examples, Z stroke 138 may correlate to the length of Z channels 130.Further, because X carrier 120 and Y earner 116 are laterally stacked, the overall thickness (in the Z direction) of mechanism 101 may correlate to the length (e.g., thickness) of housing 102. As such, the overal l thickness of mechanism 101 may correlate to how far in the Z direction Y carrier 116 is allowed to move.

[0042] FIG. 1C shows a cross-sectional view of camera 100 on the Y-Z plane (e.g., along line B-B). Although line B-B of FIG. 1A goes through X ball bearings 126B and 126C, Y ball bearings 128B and 128C and Y carrier 116 are shown to help facilitate understanding. As illustrated by FIG. 1C, X carrier 120 may be laterally stacked within Y carrier 116. Such that, the centers of X ball bearings 126 and the centers of Y ball bearings 128 may be coplanar (e.g., the centers of ball bearings 126B, 128B, 128C, and 126C may all lie on the same plane). Thus, mechanism 101 may be a single layer ball guide mechanism for sensor shift image stabilization.

[0043] X carrier 120 may carry’ PCB 122 (and thus image sensor 124). X carrier 120 may be configured to move in an X direction via X ball bearings 126 (e.g., ball bearings 126 support movement of X carrier 120 in an X direction). As illustrated by FIG. 1C, an X direction may be in or out of the page.

[0044] Y carrier 116 may carry’ X carrier 120 (and thus image sensor 124). Y carrier 116 may be configured to move in a Y direction via Y ball bearings 128 (e.g., ball bearings 128 support movement of Y carrier 116 in a Y direction). In some examples, as Y carrier 116 moves in a Y direction, ball bearings 128B and 128C may roll within Y channels 132, Y channels 132 may be channels (e.g., passages or grooves) in Y carrier 116 that guide, direct, or accommodate Y ball bearings 128. Further, Y channels 132 may also serve one or more structural purposes, such as providing strength and / or support to mechanism 101 while also allowing for movement or interaction of the earners. Such that., to support movement of Ycarrier 116 in a Y direction, Y ball bearings 128 move within Y channels 132.

[0045] The length of Y channels 132 may generally serve as a boundary for how far Y carrier 116 may move in a Y direction. Such that, when Y ball bearings 128 reach the end of Y channel 132, Y carrier 116 may no longer move any further in that Y direction. The distance that Y carrier 116 may move in a Y direction may be illustrated by Y stroke 142. In some examples, Y stroke 142 may be associated with the length of Y channels 132 and / or the distance between a side of housing 102 and a side of Y carrier 116 (parallel and proximal to the side of housing 102).

[0046] In addition, Y carrier 116 may be configured to move in a Z direction via Y ball bearings 128 (e.g., Y ball bearings 128 support movement of Y carrier 116 in a Z direction). In some examples, as Y carrier 116 moves in aZ direction, ball bearings 128B and 128C may roll within Z channels 130. Z channels 130 may be channels (e.g., passages or grooves) in housing 102 that guide, direct, or accommodate Y ball bearings 128. Further, Z channels 130 may also serve one or more structural purposes, such as providing strength and / or support to mechanism 101 while also allowing for movement or interaction of the earners. Such that, to support movement of Y carrier 116 in a Z direction, Y ball bearings 128 move within Z channels 130.

[0047] In this way, Y ball bearings 128 may support movement of Y carrier 116 in the Y direction and Z direction. Whereas X ball bearings 126 may support movement of X carrier 120 in only the X direction. Further, when Y earner 116 moves in either the Y direction or Z direction, X carrier 120 may move as well. In other words, when Y carrier 116 moves in the Y direction, X carrier 120 may move in the Y direction as well (e.g., albeit without movement in the X direction relative to housing 102, unless induced by X coil 112 / X magnet 114). Thus, Y carrier 116 may perform sensor shift image stabilization by carrying X carrier 120 which carries image sensor 124.

[0048] FIG. ID is another view of camera 100 illustrated as including additional components. As shown in FIG. 1 D, camera 100 may include lens system 118.

[0049] In the example shown, lens system 118 includes imaging lens 144 and variable aperture 146 and is attached to lens housing 102. Imaging lens defines optical axis 148 and is configured to image light to sensor 124. Variable aperture 146 may be configured to open and close in order to change the clear aperture of imaging lens 144, e.g., variable aperture 146 may be a controllable iris configured to control the F-stop of imaging lens 144. Although shown as being positioned opposite imaging lens 144 from sensor 124, variable aperture 146may be on the same side of imaging lens 144 as sensor 124, or internal to imaging lens 144, e.g., between lens elements of imaging lens 144.

[0050] In the example shown, both imaging lens 144 and variable aperture 146 are attached to housing 102, e.g., via a fasteners 150A and 150B (collectively, fasteners 150). In some examples, imaging lens 144 may be attached to lens housing 102 and aperture 146 may be attached to imaging lens 144, or variable aperture 146 may be attached to housing 102 and imaging lens 144 may be attached to variable aperture 146. In some examples, fasteners 150 may be a mechanical fastener, an adhesive, a weld, or any suitable fastener configured to attach lens system 118 to housing 102. In some examples, fastener 150A may be different from 150B, e.g., a different fastener type such as mechanical, adhesive, weld, or the like, and in other examples fastener 150A may be the same or of the same type. For example, fasteners 150 may be a single fastener, such as when variable aperture 146 is integrated within or onto imaging lens 144. Lens system 118 and housing 102 are configured to remain stable, e.g., are not configured to be moved (e.g., accelerated) to perform optical image stabilization (OIS).

[0051] In general, as illustrated by FIGS. 1 A-1D, the stroke in the X, Y, or Z directions may refer to the distance that X carrier 120 or Y carrier 116 may move in the X direction or Y direction, respectively. In other words, the stroke of a carrier of mechanism 101 may refer to the distance the carrier may carry image sensor 124 to perform sensor shift image stabilization.

[0052] FIGS 2A-2C are conceptual diagrams illustrating an example mobile computing device, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. As shown in FIGS 2A-2C, mmobile computing device 250 may include camera module 200A and / or camera module 200B. FIG. 2A may be a back view of mmobile computing device 250, FIG. 2B may be a front view of mmobile computing device 250, and FIG. 2C may be a side view of mmobile computing device 250.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 2A, camera module 200A may be a rear-facing camera located on a back of mmobile computing device 250. As shown in FIG. 2B, camera module 200B may be a front facing camera located on a front, of mmobile computing device 250. For instance, camera module 200B may be a through-display or hole-punch camera located at display 252 of mobile computing device 250.

[0054] One or both of camera module 200A and / or 200B may be examples of camera moduleinclude a mechanism that performs sensor shift optical image stabilization (e.g., similar to mechanism 101 of FIGS. 1A-1D).

[0055] In operation, mmobile computing device 250 may move (e.g., due to being held in unsteady hands, on a moving vehicle, etc.) while one of camera modules 200A or 200B is capturing a photo or video. The movement of camera modules 200A or 200B may cause undesirable effects to the photo or video (e.g., blur). To counteract the movement of camera modules 200 A or 200B and prevent the undesirable effects, the mechanism(s) of camera modules 200A or 200B may perform OIS, specifically sensor shift image stabilization.

[0056] In accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure, the mechanism(s) of camera modules 200A or 200B may include two laterally stacked carriers and independent X and Y movements. In one example, the first carrier may be referred to as an X carrier (e.g., similar to X carrier 120 of FIGS. 1A-1D) that facilitates movement of an image sensor in an X direction via X ball bearings (e.g., similar to X ball bearings 126 of FIGS. 1 A-1D). In another example, the second carrier may be referred to as a Y carrier (e.g., similar to Y carrier 116 of FIGS. 1A-1D) that facilitates movement of an image sensor in the Y direction via Y ball bearings (e.g., similar to Y ball bearings 128 of FIGS. 1A-1D). The X and Y carriers may be laterally stacked in the X / Y direction, rather than vertically stacked in the Z direction. The X earner may carry the image sensor and be connected to the Y carrier via the X ball bearings and the Y carrier may be connected to a camera housing (e.g., similar to camera housing 102 of FIGS. 1 A- ID) via the Y ball bearings. In this way, aspects of this disclosure may reduce thickness of camera modules 200A or 200B while also preventing crosstalk between X and Y movements within the mechanism(s) of camera modules 200A or 200B.

[0057] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example mode of operation of an example camera that performs optical image stabilization (OIS), in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. Although the example operation of FIG. 3 is described as being performed bycamera 100 of FIGS. 1 A-1D, in other examples some or all of the example operations may be performed by another camera.

[0058] Undesirable photo or video effects (e.g., blur) may occur because of the movement of camera 100. To prevent these effects, in response to the movement of camera 100, mechanism 101 may perform OIS. For instance, mechanism 101 may move (i.e., shift) a position of image sensor 124 to compensate for movement of camera 100 relative to the photo or video being captured via camera 100.

[0059] One or more components may generate motion data representing movement of camera 100 (300). For instance, one or more of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, or other sensors may generate motion data representing movement of camera 100 in an X direction and motion data representing movement of camera 100 in a Y direction while camera 100 is capturing a photo or video.

[0060] One or more processors of camera 100, or a host device, may process the motion data and control operation of actuators of camera 100 to perform OIS. As one example, the one or more processors may cause a first actuator to move an X carrier of camera 100 in the X direction to counteract movement of camera 100 in the X direction (302). For instance, responsive to the motion data representing movement of camera 100 in the X direction indicating that camera 100 is moving in the positive X direction, the one or more processors may output a signal that causes X coil 112 to generate a magnetic field that interacts with X magnet 114 to move X carrier 120 in the negative X direction.

[0061] As another example, the one or more processors may cause a second actuator to move a Y carrier of camera 100 in the Y direction to counteract movement of camera 100 in the Y direction (304). For instance, responsive to the motion data representing movement of camera 100 in the Y direction indicating that camera 100 is moving in the negative Y direction, the one or more processors may output a signal that causes Y coil 108 to generate a magnetic field that interacts with Y magnet 110 to move Y carrier 116 in the positive Y direction.

[0062] In some examples, camera 100 may further perform autofocus. For example, the one or more processors may cause a third actuator to move the Y carrier of camera 100 in the Z direction to perform autofocus (306). For instance, the one or more processors may output a signal that causes Z coils 104 to generate a magnetic field that interacts with Z magnets 106 to cause Y carrier 116 (and X carrier 120 earned by Y carrier 116) to move along the Z axis.

[0063] Aspects of this disclosure include the following examples.

[0064] Example 1. A device comprising: a camera housing; an x earner; a y carrier comprising a plurality of sides; and an image sensor attached to the x carrier, wherein: the x carrier is connected to the y carrier via a first plurality of ball bearings at a first pair of sides of the plurality of sides, the y carrier is connected to the camera housing via a second plurality of ball bearings at a second pair of sides of the plurality of sides that is different than the first pair.

[0065] Example 2. The device of example 1, wherein centers of the first plurality of ball bearings and centers of the second plurality of ball bearings are coplanar.

[0066] Example 3. The device of example 1 or example 2, wherein movement of the x carrier in an x direction is supported by the first plurality of ball bearings, and wherein movement of the y carrier in a y direction is supported by the second plurality of ball bearings.

[0067] Example 4. The device of example 3, further comprising: a plurality of x channels; a plurality of y channels, wherein: to support movement of the x carrier in the x direction the first plurality of ball bearings moves within the plurality of x channels, to support movement of the y carrier in the y direction the second plurality of ball bearings moves within the plurality of y channels.

[0068] Example 5. The device of example 4, wherein one or both of: the y carrier further comprises the plurality of x channels, the y carrier further comprises the plurality of y channels.

[0069] Example 6. The device of examples 1-5, further comprising: an x actuator configured to move the x carrier in an x direction; a y actuator configured to move the y carrier in a y direction; and one or more processors configured to: perform optical image stabilization (OIS), wherein to perform OIS, the one or more processors are configured to: cause, based on sensor data indicating movement of the device in the x direction, the x actuator to move the x carrier in the x direction; and cause, based on sensor data indicating movement of the device in the y direction, the y actuator to move the y carrier in the y direction.

[0070] Example 7. The device of example 6, wherein one or both of: the x actuator comprises: a x coil attached to the x carrier; and a x magnet attached to the y carrier, and the y actuator comprises: a y coil attached to the camera housing; and a y magnet attached to the y carrier.

[0071] Example 8. The device of any of examples 3-7, wherein the y carrier is further configured to move in a z direction.

[0072] Example 9. The device of example 8, wherein movement of the y carrier in the z direction is supported by the second plurality of ball bearings.

[0073] Example 10. The device of example 9, wherein the camera housing further comprises a plurality of z channels, and wherein, to support movement of the y carrier in the z direction, the second plurality of ball bearings moves within the plurality of z channels.

[0074] Example 11. The device of any of examples 8-10, further comprising: a z actuator configured to move the y carrier in the z direction; and perform autofocus, wherein toperform autofocus, the one or more processors are configured to cause the z actuator to move the y carrier in the z direction.

[0075] Example 12. The device of example 11, wherein the z actuator comprises a plurality of z coils attached to the camera housing; and a plurality of z magnets attached to the y carrier, wherein each z magnet of the plurality of z magnets corresponds to a z coil of the plurality of z coils.

[0076] Example 13. The device of any of examples 1-12, wherein movement of the y carrier in the y direction causes movement of the x carrier and the image sensor in the y direction.

[0077] Example 14. The device of any of examples 1-13, wherein the first plurality of ball bearings consists of four ball bearings.

[0078] Example 15. The device of any of examples 1-14, wherein the second plurality of ball bearings consists of four ball bearings.

[0079] Instructions may be executed by one or more processors, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), general purpose microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable logic arrays (FPGAs), or other equivalent integrated or discrete logic circuitry. Accordingly, the term “processor,” as used herein may refer to any of the foregoing structures or any other structure suitable for implementation of the techniques described herein. In addition, in some aspects, the functionality described herein may be provided within dedicated hardware and / or software modules. Also, the techniques could be fully implemented in one or more circuits or logic elements.

[0080] The techniques of this disclosure may be implemented in a wide variety of devices or apparatuses, including a wireless handset, an integrated circuit (IC) or a set of ICs (e.g., a chip set). Various components, modules, or units are described in this disclosure to emphasize functional aspects of devices configured to perform the disclosed techniques, but do not necessarily require realization by different hardware units. Rather, as described above, various units may be combined in a hardware unit or provided by a collection of interoperative hardware units, including one or more processors as described above, in conjunction with suitable software and / or firmware.

[0081] Various examples of the disclosure have been described. Any combination of the described systems, operations, or functions is contemplated. These and other examples are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

CLAIMS:

1. A device comprising:a camera housing;an x carrier;a y carrier comprising a plurality of sides; andan image sensor attached to the x carrier, wherein:the x carrier is connected to the y carrier via a first plurality of ball bearings at a first pair of sides of the plurality of sides,the y carrier is connected to the camera housing via a second plurality of ball bearings at a second pair of sides of the plurality of sides that is different than the first pair.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein centers of the first plurality of ball bearings and centers of the second plurality of ball bearings are coplanar.

3. The device of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein movement of the x carrier in an x direction is supported by the first plurality of ball bearings, and wherein movement of the y carrier in a y direction is supported by the second plurality of ball bearings.

4. The device of claim 3, further comprising:a plurality of x channels; anda plurality of y channels, wherein:to support movement of the x carrier in the x direction the first plurality of ball bearings moves within the plurality of x channels, andto support movement of the y carrier in the y direction the second plurality of ball bearings moves within the plurality of y channels.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein one or both of:the y carrier further comprises the plurality of x channels, and the y carrier further comprises the plurality of y channels.

6. The device of claims 1-5, further comprising:an x actuator configured to move the x carrier in an x direction; a y actuator configured to move the y carrier in a y direction, and one or more processors configured to:perform optical image stabilization (OIS), wherein to perform OIS, the one or more processors are configured to:cause, based on sensor data indicating movement of the device in the x direction, the x actuator to move the x carrier in the x direction; andcause, based on sensor data indicating movement of the device in the y direction, the y actuator to move the y carrier in the y direction.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein one or both of:the x actuator comprises:a x coil attached to the x carrier; anda x magnet attached to the y carrier, andthe y actuator comprises:a y coil attached to the camera housing; anda y magnet attached to the y carrier.

8. The device of any of claims 3-7, wherein the y carrier is further configured to move in a z direction.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein movement of the y carrier in the z direction is supported by the second plurality of ball bearings.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein the camera housing further comprises a plurality of z channels, and wherein, to support, movement of the y carrier in the z. direction, the second plurality of ball bearings moves within the plurality of z channels.

11. The device of any of claims 8-10, further comprising:a z actuator configured to move the y carrier in the z direction; and perform autofocus, wherein to perform autofocus, the one or more processors are configured to cause the z actuator to move the y carrier in the z direction.12, The device of claim 11, wherein the z actuator comprisesa plurality of z coils attached to the camera housing; anda plurality of z magnets attached to the y carrier, wherein each z magnet of the plurality of z magnets corresponds to a z coil of the plurality of z coils.

13. The device of any of claims 1-12, wherein movement of the y carrier in the y direction causes movement of the x carrier and the image sensor in the y direction.

14. The device of any of claims 1-13, wherein the first plurality of ball bearings consists of four ball bearings.

15. The device of any of claims 1-14, wherein the second plurality of ball bearings consists of four ball bearings.

Images