Device grouping based on location information
By determining a group status using location and radio parameters, wireless communications systems improve efficiency by reducing redundant measurements and reporting among quasi co-located devices, enhancing communication performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QUALCOMM INC
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-21
AI Technical Summary
Wireless communications systems face challenges in complex and dynamic environments, leading to signal attenuation, redundant transmissions, increased power consumption, and reduced throughput due to quasi co-located devices making redundant measurements and reporting, which degrades communication efficiency.
Devices and network entities utilize location information and radio parameters to determine a group status, allowing UEs to communicate in accordance with a group status to reduce redundant measurements and reporting, thereby reducing power consumption and improving communication efficiency.
The solution enables efficient communication by grouping quasi co-located devices based on location and radio parameters, reducing redundant measurements and reporting, leading to decreased power consumption and enhanced throughput.
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Figure CN2024131947_21052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICE GROUPING BASED ON LOCATION INFORMATION
[0001] INTRODUCTION
[0002] Field of the Disclosure
[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to techniques for signaling an indication of a group status of a device.
[0004] Description of Related Art
[0005] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcasts, or other similar types of services. These wireless communications systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communications with multiple users by sharing available wireless communications system resources with those users.
[0006] Although wireless communications systems have made great technological advancements over many years, challenges still exist. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and wireless receivers. Accordingly, there is a continuous desire to improve the technical performance of wireless communications systems, including, for example: improving speed and data carrying capacity of communications, improving efficiency of the use of shared communications mediums, reducing power used by transmitters and receivers while performing communications, improving reliability of wireless communications, avoiding redundant transmissions and / or receptions and related processing, improving the coverage area of wireless communications, increasing the number and types of devices that can access wireless communications systems, increasing the ability for different types of devices to intercommunicate, increasing the number and type of wireless communications mediums available for use, and the like. Consequently, there exists a need for further improvements in wireless communications systems to overcome the aforementioned technical challenges and others.SUMMARY
[0007] Certain aspects provide a method for wireless communications by a device. The method includes receiving an indication of a group status of the device for indicating that the device belongs to a group of devices, wherein the indication of the group status is based on location information of the device and at least one of: a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices, content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, or beam indications associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices; and communicating in accordance with the group status.
[0008] Certain aspects provide a method for wireless communications by a network entity. The method includes sending an indication of a group status for indicating that a device belongs to a group of devices, and wherein the indication of the group status based on location information of the device and at least one of: a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices, content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, or beam information associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices; and communicating in accordance with the group status.
[0009] Other aspects provide: one or more apparatuses operable, configured, or otherwise adapted to perform any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that performance may be by only one apparatus or in a distributed fashion across multiple apparatuses) ; one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of one or more apparatuses, cause the one or more apparatuses to perform any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that instructions may be included in only one computer-readable medium or in a distributed fashion across multiple computer-readable media, such that instructions may be executed by only one processor or by multiple processors in a distributed fashion, such that each apparatus of the one or more apparatuses may include one processor or multiple processors, and / or such that performance may be by only one apparatus or in a distributed fashion across multiple apparatuses) ; one or more computer program products embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media comprising code for performing any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that code may be stored in only one computer-readable medium or across computer-readable media in a distributed fashion) ; and / or one or more apparatuses comprising one or more means for performing any portion of any method described herein (e.g., such that performance would be by only one apparatus or by multiple apparatuses in a distributed fashion) . By way of example, an apparatus may comprise a processing system, a device with a processing system, or processing systems cooperating over one or more networks. An apparatus may comprise one or more memories; and one or more processors configured to cause the apparatus to perform any portion of any method described herein. In some examples, one or more of the processors may be preconfigured to perform various functions or operations described herein without requiring configuration by software.
[0010] The following description and the appended figures set forth certain features for purposes of illustration.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0011] The appended figures depict certain features of the various aspects described herein and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of this disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 1 depicts an example wireless communications network.
[0013] FIG. 2 depicts an example disaggregated base station architecture.
[0014] FIG. 3 depicts aspects of network entities and a user equipment (UE) .
[0015] FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communications network.
[0016] FIG. 5 depicts an example environment for wireless communications between a group of UEs using a shared network entity.
[0017] FIG. 6 depicts a process flow for communications in a network between a UE, a network entity, and other quasi co-located UEs for signaling an indication of a group status of a device.
[0018] FIG. 7 depicts a process flow for communications in a network between a UE, a network entity, and other quasi co-located UEs for signaling an indication of a group status of a device.
[0019] FIG. 8 depicts a process flow for communications in a network between a UE, a network entity, and other quasi co-located UEs for signaling an indication of a group status of a device.
[0020] FIG. 9 depicts a process flow for communications in a network between a UE, a network entity, and other quasi co-located UEs for signaling to communicate in accordance with a group status.
[0021] FIG. 10 depicts an example environment for wireless communications between a network entity and a set of UEs communicating in accordance with a group status.
[0022] FIG. 11 depicts a process flow for communications in a network between a UE, a network entity, and other quasi co-located UEs for signaling to communicate in accordance with a group status.
[0023] FIG. 12 depicts an example environment for wireless communications between a network entity and a set of UEs communicating in accordance with a group status.
[0024] FIG. 13 depicts process flow for communications in a network between a UE, a network entity, and a proper subset of UEs for signaling to communicate in accordance with a group status.
[0025] FIG. 14 depicts an example environment for wireless communications between a network entity and a set of UEs communicating in accordance with a group status.
[0026] FIG. 15 depicts a method for wireless communications.
[0027] FIG. 16 depicts another method for wireless communications.
[0028] FIG. 17 depicts aspects of an example communications device.
[0029] FIG. 18 depicts aspects of an example communications device.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatuses, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable mediums for signaling an indication of a group status of a device.
[0031] Wireless communication devices, such as user equipment (UEs) communicate with network entities (e.g. a base station, a roadside unit, etc. ) to send and receive signals for transmitting data. In some aspects, one or more UEs may be associated with the same network entity for sending and receiving signals for transmitting data. For example, two UEs including a smart phone and a wearable device (e.g. a smart watch) worn by one person may be associated with a shared network entity, such as a base station. In another example, two or more vehicles in close proximity may be associated with a shared roadside unit (RSU) . In yet another example, multiple extended reality (XR) terminals or cloud gaming UEs in close proximity may be associated with a shared network entity, such as a base station.
[0032] In some aspects, UEs associated with a shared network entity may be quasi co-located with each other. As used herein, “quasi co-located UEs” refers to UEs that experience certain shared radio propagation characteristics from the perspective of an associated shared network entity. For example, the network entity may use the same quasi co-location information to communicate with each UE of a set of quasi co-located UEs. In some examples, UEs that are quasi co-located with each other may send beams to an associated shared network entity that are received at similar beam angles due to the UEs being in close proximity to each other. In some examples, certain quasi co-located UEs associated with a shared network entity may experience similar time delays and frequency shifts due to shared speed or direction of movement relative to the shared network entity. “Frequency shift” refers to changes in the frequency of a signal as perceived by a receiver, compared to an original frequency of the signal when it was transmitted. In certain aspects, two UEs that are quasi co-located may send signals that reach an associated shared network entity at the same time with similar changes in frequency due to a shared speed or direction of movement relative to the shared network entity.
[0033] In some cases, UEs that are quasi co-located individually measure and report a variety of wireless communication metrics to an associated network entity. For example, UEs that are quasi co-located may measure and report channel state information (CSI) . “CSI” may refer to information describing conditions of a wireless communication channel between a UE and a network entity. To measure CSI, a network entity sends reference signals (e.g. channel state information reference signals) , which a UE may use to evaluate radio channel conditions, signal strength, interference, and other radio channel metrics. The UE then reports the CSI, such as in a CSI report, back to the network entity. In some examples, the CSI report may include one or more of a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) , a signal to noise ratio (SNR) , a reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement, or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) measurement. In another example, UEs that are quasi co-located may measure synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) for beam selection. The UE may measure and report the signal quality for each of the beams to the network entity to facilitate beam selection. In yet another example, UEs that are quasi co-located may individually perform radio link monitoring (RLM) to monitor the quality of the radio link with the associated network. RLM allows the UE to detect a potential radio failure to trigger reestablishment of a connection or a beam failure recovery procedure. Thus, UEs that are quasi co-located individually measure and report a variety of wireless communication metrics, thereby increasing power consumption at the UEs due to increased volume of measurements corresponding signaling for reporting the measurements.
[0034] In some cases, UEs that are quasi co-located individually send and receive signaling associated with the same content (e.g. data traffic) from a shared network entity. For example, two or more vehicles in close proximity may be quasi co-located UEs, utilizing a shared network entity including a RSU. The quasi co-located UEs may both individually receive signaling for receiving a high-resolution map from the shared RSU. Thus, in some aspects, shared network entities transmit redundant data traffic by sending the same content over two separate data flows to respective quasi co-located UEs. The redundant RLM, CSI, or SSB measurement, as well as the redundant data traffic, may increase overhead, reduce throughput, and degrade communication of a set of quasi co-located UEs.
[0035] In certain aspects, it may be beneficial for UEs that are quasi co-located to communicate in accordance with a group status. As used herein, a “group status” may refer to a designation (group) assigned to two or more UEs. According to the group status, a network entity may apply a set of operational parameters for communicating with the two or more UEs of the group. For example, two or more UEs that are quasi co-located may communicate in accordance with a group status to reduce a quantity of redundant measurements and reporting of certain wireless communication metrics. The shared network entity may indicate a singular UE or a subset of UEs within the group to measure and report specific metrics, thereby reducing power consumption for the other UEs of the group. In another example, two or more UEs that are quasi co-located may communicate in accordance with a group status to reduce the volume of redundant transmissions made by a shared network entity to communicate common data traffic. The shared network entity may determine a singular UE of a group to receive the common data traffic for sending to the one or more additional UEs in the group, thereby reducing redundant transmissions by the shared network entity and preserving radio resources on the network side.
[0036] In certain aspects, in order for two or more UEs that are quasi co-located to be able to communicate in accordance with a group status, both the UEs and a shared network entity need to share information regarding when UEs that are quasi co-located should be grouped together. For example, the network communicates data traffic to the two or more quasi co-located UEs may be based on whether the UEs are grouped together.
[0037] Accordingly, a technical problem arises with respect to how a device (e.g. a UE) and a wireless communications device the UE is communicating with can all have information regarding a group status for the UE. Certain aspects herein provide a technical solution to this technical problem, such as by providing techniques for signaling an indication of a group status of a device.
[0038] For example, in certain aspects, the UE may receive an indication of a group status. This may provide the technical benefit of allowing the UE to communicate in accordance with the group status to reduce redundant measurements and reporting by the UE, which may provide the benefit of reduced power consumption.
[0039] Another technical problem arises with respect to when a UE may benefit from receiving an indication of a group status to cause the UE to communicate in accordance with the group status. Certain aspects herein provide a technical solution to such technical problem, such as by providing techniques for determining when to send an indication of a group status to the UE. In certain aspects, the UE may send information to a network entity, which the network entity utilizes to determine whether to send an indication of a group status to the UE. In certain aspects, the network entity may then send the indication of the group status to the UE to cause the UE to communicate in accordance with the group status.
[0040] For example, the indication of the group status may be sent to the UE based on location information and a radio parameter of the UE. For example, a UE may transmit location information to the network entity via a measurement report. In certain aspects, the UE may further send a radio parameter of the UE. A “radio parameter” may refer to a wireless communication metric for assessing the performance of a radio link between a UE and a network entity. A radio parameter may facilitate insight into signal quality, channel conditions, communication efficiency or a combination thereof. In certain aspects, a network entity may determine whether to send an indication of a group status to a UE based on received location information associated with the UE and a radio parameter of the UE. For example, a network entity may receive location information for a first UE indicating that the first UE shares longitude and latitude coordinates with a second UE (e.g., is within a threshold distance of the second UE) . The network entity may further receive a radio parameter from the first UE including a quasi co-location parameter, such as a reference signal from which a property such as a frequency shift or timing delay is to be derived. In certain aspects, the network entity may send an indication of a group status to the first UE based on the location information and the quasi co-location parameter being similar to the location information and quasi co-location parameters of a second UE. Accordingly, in certain aspects, the indication of the group status of a UE may be based on location information and a radio parameter of the UE.
[0041] As another example, the indication of the group status may be sent to the UE based on location information and content associated with the UE and one or more other UEs. In certain aspects, the network entity may determine a first UE shares similar longitude and latitude with one or more other UEs, and that these UEs are receiving or otherwise associated with similar content or services. For example, the first UE and the one or more other UEs may be vehicular UEs configured to utilize a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication framework to request the same map of a surrounding area. In certain aspects, the network entity may then send an indication of a group status to the first vehicular UE and the one or more other vehicular UEs based on the location information of the first vehicular UE and the content associated with the first vehicular UE vehicle being further associated with the one or more other vehicular UEs. In certain aspects, the indication of the group status may cause the first vehicular UE and the one or more vehicular UEs to be grouped together, such that the first vehicular UE and the one or more other vehicular UEs communicate in accordance with the group status. Accordingly, in certain aspects, the indication of the group status of a UE may be based on location information of the UE and content associated with the UE and one or more other UEs.
[0042] As another example, the indication of the group status may be sent to the UE based on location information and beam indications associated with the UE and one or more other UEs. In certain aspects, a first UE and one or more other UEs that are in close proximity to each other may be associated with beam indications corresponding to a shared best beam. For example, a first UE and one or more other UEs may include smart phones positioned within a shared vehicle that are communicating with a shared network entity. The shared network entity may determine that the first UE and one or more UEs are each associated with beam indications for the same best beam. Accordingly, the network entity may determine that the first UE and the one or more other UEs should be grouped together based on the location information and the beam indication of the first UE being associated with the one or more other UEs. The shared network entity may then send an indication of a group status to the first UE to cause the first UE to communicate in accordance with the group status. Accordingly, in certain aspects, the indication of the group status of a UE may be based on location information of the UE and beam indications associated with the UE and one or more other UEs.
[0043] In certain aspects, a grouping of a UE with one or more other UEs (e.g. to form a group) may be based on the above-described features. For example, in some aspects, grouping of a UE with one or more other UEs is based on location information and one or more of a radio parameter, content, or beam indications associated with both the UE and one or more other UEs.
[0044] In certain aspects, the an indication of a group status may further indicate that the UE is a head device of the group. A “head device” may refer to a UE of a group that is responsible for receiving and sharing content received from a network entity to one or more other UEs in the group. In certain aspects, the network entity may indicate the head device based on wireless communication metrics and capabilities of the devices of the group. For example, in an indicated group including a first smart phone UE and a second smart watch UE, the network entity may indicate that the first smart phone UE is the head device based on the first smart phone UE having a higher capability and better reported CSI metrics when compared to the smart watch UE having a reduced capability and worse reported CSI metrics. Accordingly, the first smart phone UE may receive content from the network entity and transmit (e.g., groupcast) the content to the second smart watch UE, thereby providing the technical benefit of reducing redundant transmissions from the network entity.
[0045] In certain aspects, to communicate in accordance with a group status, the network entity splits communications for UEs of a group into multiple portions. The network entity then sends, to respective UEs of a group, the multiple portions of the communication. The respective devices of the group may then share the content with each other by transmitting (e.g., groupcasting) certain portions over sidelinks between the UEs of the group. By splitting communications for a group into multiple portions handled by different UEs for subsequent sharing within the group, the network entity provides the technical benefit of increasing diversity of signaling, preventing excessive traffic from being sent over a singular head device, and reducing redundant transmission by the network entity. In certain aspects, to communicate in accordance with a group status, the UE may send or receive multiple repetitions of a portion of a communication that is communicated between one or more other UEs over a sidelink. For example, certain UEs of a group may be configured to send multiple repetitions of one or more portions of a communication to one or more other UEs by default, thereby enhancing reliability of transmissions sent over sidelinks.
[0046] In certain aspects, to communicate in accordance with a group status, the network entity may send communications associated with a proper subset of devices (e.g., less than all devices) of the group. For example, the network entity may select a proper subset of UEs within a group to receive content, such that the proper subset of UEs can send the received content (over a sidelink) to each of the other UEs of the group, thereby providing the technical benefit of reducing the volume of redundant transmissions by the network entity to the one or more other UEs. In certain aspects, a first UE of the proper subset of UEs may attempt to send a received communication to each of the other UEs of the group. A second UE of the subset of UEs may then selectively retransmit a portion of the communication based on the portion being unsuccessfully received (e.g. dropped) by another device of the group. Thus, the second UE can retransmit the dropped portion of the communication to the other device (and / or other devices of the group) , reducing overhead on an access link between the network entity and the first UE relative to triggering retransmission of the entire communication by the network entity.
[0047] Introduction to Wireless Communications Networks
[0048] The techniques and methods described herein may be used for various wireless communications networks. While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, and / or other generations of wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may likewise be applicable to other communications systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0049] FIG. 1 depicts an example of a wireless communications network 100, in which aspects described herein may be implemented.
[0050] Generally, wireless communications network 100 includes various network entities (alternatively, network elements or network nodes) . A network entity is generally a communications device and / or a communications function performed by a communications device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) , a base station (BS) , a component of a BS, a server, etc. ) . As such communications devices are part of wireless communications network 100, and facilitate wireless communications, such communications devices may be referred to as wireless communications devices. For example, various functions of a network as well as various devices associated with and interacting with a network may be considered network entities. Further, wireless communications network 100 may include terrestrial aspects, such as ground-based network entities (e.g., BSs 102) , and non-terrestrial aspects (also referred to herein as non-terrestrial network entities) . A non-terrestrial network entity may include satellite 140, which may be an example of an aerial or space-borne platform. In some examples, satellite 140 may include one or more network entities on-board (e.g., one or more BSs) capable of communicating with other network elements (e.g., terrestrial BSs) and UEs. For example, satellite 140 may be implemented according to a regenerative architecture (also referred to as a non-transparent architecture) , and a gNB implemented at satellite 140 may implement higher-layer network functions. As another example, satellite 140 may be implemented according to a transparent architecture, and may perform a physical or other lower-layer repeater function for UEs and a network entity (such as a gateway associated with the satellite 140) .
[0051] In the depicted example, wireless communications network 100 includes BSs 102, UEs 104, and one or more core networks, such as an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160 or a 5G Core (5GC) network 190, which interoperate to provide communications services over various communications links, including wired and wireless links. In some aspects, a core network, such as a 6G core, may implement a converged service-based architecture. In a converged service-based architecture, functions traditionally split between a core network (such as 5GC network 190) and a radio access network (RAN) (such as BS 102) may be implemented at a single network entity. For example, a mobility network entity may perform both core network functions and RAN functions related to mobility of UEs 104 attached to the wireless communications network 100. “Network entity” can refer to a BS 102, a network entity of EPC 160 or 5GC network 190, or a network entity of a converged service-based architecture.
[0052] FIG. 1 depicts various example UEs 104. UE 104 may include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a Global Positioning System device, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player, a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an always on (AON) device, an edge processing device, a data center, or another similar device. A UE 104 may also be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a remote device, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, and others.
[0053] BSs 102 wirelessly communicate with (e.g., transmit signals to or receive signals from) UEs 104 via communications links 120. A communications link 120 between a BS 102 and a UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a BS 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a BS 102 to a UE 104. A communications link 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity in various aspects.
[0054] A BS 102 may include a NodeB, an enhanced NodeB (eNB) , a next generation enhanced NodeB (ng-eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB) , an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a transmission reception point (TRP) , a radio unit (RU) , a distributed unit (DU) , or the like. A given BS 102 may provide communications coverage for a coverage area 110, which may sometimes be referred to as a cell, and which may overlap another coverage area 110 (e.g., a small cell provided by a BS 102′) may have a coverage area 110′that overlaps the coverage area 110 of a macro cell) . A BS 102 may, for example, provide communications coverage for a macro cell (covering a relatively large geographic area) , a pico cell (covering a relatively smaller geographic area, such as a sports stadium) , a femto cell (covering a relatively smaller geographic area, such as a home) , or another type of cell.
[0055] The term “cell” may refer to a portion, partition, or segment of wireless communication coverage served by a network entity within a wireless communications network 100. A cell may have geographic characteristics, such as a geographic coverage area, as well as radio frequency characteristics, such as time and / or frequency resources dedicated to the cell. For example, a specific geographic coverage area may be covered by multiple cells employing different frequency resources (e.g., bandwidth parts) and / or different time resources. As another example, a specific geographic coverage area may be covered by a single cell. In some contexts (e.g., a carrier aggregation scenario and / or multi-connectivity scenario) , the terms “cell” or “serving cell” may refer to or correspond to a specific carrier frequency (e.g., a component carrier) used for wireless communications, and a “cell group” may refer to or correspond to multiple carriers used for wireless communications. As examples, in a carrier aggregation scenario, a UE may communicate on multiple component carriers corresponding to multiple (serving) cells in the same cell group, and in a multi-connectivity (e.g., dual connectivity) scenario, a UE may communicate on multiple component carriers corresponding to multiple cell groups.
[0056] While BSs 102 are depicted in various aspects as unitary communications devices, BSs 102 may be implemented in various configurations. For example, one or more components of a base station may be disaggregated, including a central unit (CU) , one or more DUs, one or more RUs, a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC, to name a few examples. In another example, various aspects of a base station may be virtualized. A base station (e.g., BS 102) may include components that are located at a single physical location or components located at various physical locations. In examples in which a base station includes components that are located at various physical locations, the various components may each perform functions such that, collectively, the various components achieve functionality that is similar to a base station that is located at a single physical location. Implementing a base station in this fashion may provide efficiency gains by enabling cloud-based implementation of certain (e.g., non-time-sensitive) higher-layer functions while physical-layer or other lower-layer functions can be implemented at or in proximity to a geographic coverage area of a corresponding cell. In some aspects, a base station including components that are located at various physical locations may be referred to as having a disaggregated RAN architecture, such as an Open RAN (O-RAN) or Virtualized RAN (VRAN) architecture. FIG. 2 depicts and describes an example disaggregated RAN architecture.
[0057] Different BSs 102 within wireless communications network 100 may also be configured to support different radio access technologies, such as 3G, 4G, 5G, and / or 6G. For example, BSs 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) ) may interface with the EPC 160 through first backhaul links 132 (e.g., an S1 interface) . BSs 102 configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN) ) may interface with 5GC 190 through second backhaul links 184. BSs 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or the 5GC 190) with each other over third backhaul links 134 (e.g., an X2 or XN interface) , which may be wired or wireless.
[0058] Wireless communications network 100 may subdivide the electromagnetic spectrum into various classes, bands, channels, or other features. In some aspects, the subdivision is provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a subcarrier, a frequency channel, a tone, or a subband. For example, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) currently defines Frequency Range 1 (FR1) as including 410 MHz –7125 MHz, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as “Sub-6 GHz” . Similarly, 3GPP currently defines Frequency Range 2 (FR2) as including 24, 250 MHz –71, 000 MHz, which is sometimes referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” ( “mmW” or “mmWave” ) . In some cases, FR2 may be further defined in terms of sub-ranges, such as a first sub-range FR2-1 including 24, 250 MHz –52, 600 MHz and a second sub-range FR2-2 including 52, 600 MHz –71, 000 MHz. A base station configured to communicate using mmWave / near mmWave radio frequency bands (e.g., a mmWave base station such as BS 180) may utilize beamforming (e.g., 182) with a UE (e.g., 104) to improve path loss and range.
[0059] A communications links 120 may be through one or more carriers, which may have different bandwidths (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 100 MHz, 400 MHz, and / or other bandwidths) , and which may be aggregated in various aspects. Carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL) .
[0060] Communications using higher frequency bands may have higher path loss and a shorter range compared to lower frequency communications. Accordingly, certain base stations (e.g., base station 180 in FIG. 1) may utilize beamforming (indicated by reference number 182) with a UE 104 to improve path loss and range. For example, BS 180 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays to facilitate the beamforming. In some cases, BS 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182′. UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the BS 180 in one or more receive directions 182″. UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the BS 180 in one or more transmit directions 182″. BS 180 may also receive the beamformed signal from UE 104 in one or more receive directions 182′. BS 180 and UE 104 may perform beam training to determine suitable receive and transmit directions for each of BS 180 and UE 104. Notably, the transmit and receive directions for BS 180 may or may not be the same. Similarly, the transmit and receive directions for UE 104 may or may not be the same.
[0061] Wireless communications network 100 may include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communications links 154 in, for example, a 2.4 GHz and / or 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum.
[0062] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communications link 158. In some examples, D2D communications link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) , and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) . D2D communications link 158 may be implemented using a variety of technologies, such as a radio access technology (e.g., 5G, ProSe sidelink) , a WiFi technology, a Bluetooth technology, or the like.
[0063] EPC 160 may include various functional components, such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and / or a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. MME 162 is a control node that processes signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, MME 162 provides bearer and connection management.
[0064] Generally, user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through Serving Gateway 166. Serving gateway 166 is connected to PDN Gateway 172. PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. PDN Gateway 172 and BM-SC 170 are connected to IP Services 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a Packet Switched (PS) streaming service, and / or other IP services.
[0065] BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN) , and / or may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the BSs 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and / or may be responsible for session management (start / stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.
[0066] 5GC 190 may include various functional components, such as an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. AMF 192 may be in communication with Unified Data Management (UDM) 196.
[0067] AMF 192 is a control node that processes signaling between UEs 104 and the 5GC 190. AMF 192 provides, for example, quality of service (QoS) flow and session management.
[0068] IP packets are transferred through UPF 195, which is connected to the IP Services 197. UPF 195 may provide UE IP address allocation as well as other functions for 5GC 190. IP Services 197 may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IMS, a PS streaming service, and / or other IP services.
[0069] In various aspects, a network entity or network node can be implemented as an aggregated base station, as a disaggregated base station, a component of a base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a core network entity, or a sidelink node, to name a few examples.
[0070] FIG. 2 depicts an example disaggregated base station 200 architecture. The disaggregated base station 200 architecture may include one or more CUs 210 that can communicate directly with a core network 220 or other CUs 210 via a backhaul link (such as backhaul link 134) , or indirectly with the core network 220 through one or more disaggregated base station units (such as a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 225 via an E2 link, a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC 215 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 205, or both) . A CU 210 may communicate with one or more DUs 230 via respective midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DUs 230 may communicate with one or more RUs 240 via respective fronthaul links. The RUs 240 may communicate with respective UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links (such as communication link 120) . In some implementations, a UE 104 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 240.
[0071] Each of the units, e.g., the CUs 210, the DUs 230, the RUs 240, as well as the Near-RT RICs 225, the Non-RT RICs 215 and the SMO Framework 205, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or a processor or controller providing instructions to the interfaces of the units, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, the units can include a wired interface configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units. Additionally or alternatively, the units can include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as a RF transceiver) , configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium.
[0072] In some aspects, the CU 210 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) , service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) , or the like. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 210. The CU 210 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., Central Unit –User Plane (CU-UP) ) , control plane functionality (e.g., Central Unit –Control Plane (CU-CP) ) , or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 210 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. The CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 210 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 230 for network control and signaling.
[0073] The DU 230 may be or correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 240. In some aspects, the DU 230 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, or the like) depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . In some aspects, the DU 230 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 230, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 210.
[0074] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RUs 240. In some deployments, an RU 240, controlled by a DU 230, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) , inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or the like) , or both, based at least in part on the functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, the RU (s) 240 can be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communications with the RU (s) 240 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 230. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable the DU (s) 230 and the CU 210 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0075] The SMO Framework 205 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 205 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface) . For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 205 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) 290) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface) . Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 210, DUs 230, RUs 240 and Near-RT RICs 225. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 205 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 211, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 205 can communicate directly with one or more DUs 230 and / or one or more RUs 240 via an O1 interface. The SMO Framework 205 also may include a Non-RT RIC 215 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 205.
[0076] The Non-RT RIC 215 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 225. The Non-RT RIC 215 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 225. The Near-RT RIC 225 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 210, one or more DUs 230, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 225.
[0077] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 225, the Non-RT RIC 215 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 225 and may be received at the SMO Framework 205 or the Non-RT RIC 215 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 215 or the Near-RT RIC 225 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 215 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 205 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies) .
[0078] FIG. 3 depicts aspects of network entities 300 and 302 and a UE 304.
[0079] FIG. 3 includes a first network entity 300 and a second network entity 302. In some examples, first network entity 300 may be an example of a CU 210 or a DU 230. In some examples, second network entity 302 may be an example of a DU 230 or an RU 240. First network entity 300 and second network entity 302 may communicate with one another via a communications link, such as a midhaul link. In some examples, first network entity 300 and second network entity 302 may be implemented at a same BS (e.g., BS 102) . For example, first network entity 300 and second network entity 302 may be co-located. In some other examples, first network entity 300 may be implemented separately from second network entity 302. For example, first network entity 300 may be implemented as a function (e.g., one or more processes) running on a server, such as in a cloud (e.g., a public or private cloud) . As another example, first network entity 300 may be implemented as a virtual computing instance (e.g., virtual machine, container, etc. ) or as a physical server.
[0080] First network entity 300 and second network entity 302 each include a processing system 306, illustrated as “processing system 306a” at first network entity 300 and “processing system 306b” at second network entity 302. For example, first network entity 300 and second network entity 302 may include one or more chips, system-on-chips (SoCs) , system-in-packages (SiPs) , chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system 306. A processing system 306 includes one or more processors 308 (illustrated as “processor (s) 308a” and “processor (s) 308b” ) and one or more memories 310 (illustrated as “memory (ies) 310a” and “memory (ies) 310b” ) coupled to the one or more processors 308. The one or more processors 308 may include one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs) , graphics processing units (GPUs) , neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) and / or digital signal processors (DSPs) ) , processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) ) , or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (any one or more of which may be generally referred to herein individually as a “processor” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry” ) . One or more of the processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors collectively configurable or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable or configured to perform a first function of the set and a second processor configurable or configured to perform a second function of the set. In some other examples, each of a group of processors may be configurable or configured to perform a same set of functions.
[0081] In some aspects, the processing system 306 may perform processing (such as digital signal processing) of data, control information, or signals received or transmitted by a network entity. For example, the processing system 306 may include a coder, a decoder, a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a receive processor, a receive MIMO detector, an automatic gain control component, or the like.
[0082] The one or more memories 310 may include one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random-access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) , or combinations thereof (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “memories” or collectively as “the memory” or “the memory circuitry” ) . The one or more memories 310 may store data and program code for first network entity 300 and / or second network entity 302.
[0083] As further shown, second network entity 302 includes one or more transceivers 312 (illustrated as “transceiver (s) 312” ) . The one or more transceivers 312 may perform processing related to implementing physical layer (e.g., radio, air interface) communication with other devices such as UE 304. The one or more transceivers 312 may include one or more radio frequency (RF) components, such as an RF transceiver, a front-end module (e.g., an RF front-end (RFFE) ) , or the like. For example, the one or more transceivers 312 may include a transmit path (also referred to as a transmit chain) , a receive path (also referred to as a receive chain) , and / or an interface with one or more antennas 314.
[0084] The one or more antennas 314 may perform wireless transmission and reception of signals. The one or more antennas 314 may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings) , a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or one or more antenna elements coupled with one or more transmission or reception components, such as one or more components of FIG. 3.
[0085] UE 304 may be an example of UE 104. As shown, UE 304 includes a processing system 316. For example, UE 304 may include one or more chips, SoCs, SiPs, chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system 316. A processing system 316 includes one or more processors 318, and one or more memories 320 coupled to the one or more processors 318. Further, UE 304 includes one or more antennas 322, one or more transceivers 324, and / or other components that enable wireless transmission and reception of data.
[0086] The one or more processors 318 may include one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as CPUs, GPUs, NPUs (also referred to as neural network processors or DLPs) and / or DSPs) , processing blocks, ASICs, PLDs (such as FPGAs) , or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (any one or more of which may be generally referred to herein individually as a “processor” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry” ) . One or more of the processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. In some aspects, the processing system 316 may perform processing (such as digital signal processing) of data, control information, or signals received or transmitted by a network entity. For example, the processing system 316 may include a coder, a decoder, a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a receive processor, a receive MIMO detector, an automatic gain control component, or the like.
[0087] As shown, in some examples, the one or more processors 318 may include one or more modems 326, one or more application processors (APs) 328, one or more AI processors 330, a combination thereof, and / or another form of processor.
[0088] The one or more modems 326 may include a digital signal processor that converts information into a waveform for analog signal transmission (e.g., via modulation) and / or converts the waveform of a received signal into information (e.g., via demodulation) . The one or more modems 326 may process information or waveforms in connection with signal transmission or reception. For example, the one or more modems 326 may include a coder, a decoder, a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a receive processor, a receive MIMO detector, an automatic gain control component, or the like.
[0089] The one or more APs 328 may perform processing relating to an operating system and / or a higher layer application of the UE 304. For example, the one or more APs 328 may provide a higher-level operating system (HLOS) , software, audio or video processing, graphics processing, or the like. In some examples, the one or more APs 328 may be a data source (e.g., for transmissions) or a data sink (e.g., for receptions) .
[0090] The one or more transceivers 324 may perform processing related to implementing physical layer (e.g., radio, air interface) communication with other devices such as other UEs 304 or second network entity 302. The one or more transceivers 324 may include one or more RF components, such as an RF transceiver, a front-end module (e.g., an RFFE) , or the like. For example, the one or more transceivers 324 may include a transmit path (also referred to as a transmit chain) , a receive path (also referred to as a receive chain) , and / or an interface with one or more antennas 322.
[0091] The one or more antennas 322 may perform wireless transmission and reception of signals. The one or more antennas 322 may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings) , a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or one or more antenna elements coupled with one or more transmission or reception components, such as one or more components of FIG. 3.
[0092] For an example downlink transmission by second network entity 302, the processing system 306 (e.g., a transmit processor) may receive data and / or control information. The control information may be for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) , physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH) , physical hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) indicator channel (PHICH) , physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH) , and / or others. The data may be for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) , in some examples.
[0093] The processing system 306 (e.g., a transmit processor) may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The processing system 306 may also generate reference symbols, such as for the primary synchronization signal (PSS) , secondary synchronization signal (SSS) , PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , or channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) .
[0094] The processing system 306 (e.g., a TX MIMO processor) may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to one or more modulators of the processing system 306. The one or more modulators may process one or more respective output symbol streams to obtain an output sample stream. The one or more transceivers 312 may process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Second network entity 302 may transmit the downlink signal via the one or more antennas 314.
[0095] In order to receive the downlink transmission at UE 304 (or a sidelink transmission from another UE) , the one or more antennas 322 may receive the downlink signal and may provide received signals to the one or more transceivers 324. The one or more transceivers 324 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the received signals to obtain input samples. The one or more transceivers 324 and / or the processing system 316 may further process the input samples to obtain received symbols.
[0096] The processing system 316 (e.g., modem 326, an RX MIMO detector) may obtain the received symbols, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. The processing system 316 (e.g., a modem 326, a receive processor) may process (e.g., de-interleave and decode) the detected symbols. The processing system 316 may provide decoded data for the UE 304 (e.g., to an AP 328) and / or decoded control information (e.g., to a controller / processor of the processing system 316) .
[0097] For an example uplink transmission or a sidelink transmission from UE 304, the processing system 316 (e.g., modem 326, a transmit processor) may receive and process data and / or control information to obtain a set of symbols for transmission. The data may be for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , and may be received from a data source such as the AP 328. The control information may be for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) , and may be received, for example, from a controller / processor of the processing system 316. The processing system 316 (e.g., a modem 326, the transmit processor) may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for a sounding reference signal (SRS) , a demodulation reference signal, a phase tracking reference signal, or the like) . In some examples, the symbols and / or reference signals may be precoded by the processing system 316 (e.g., modem 326, a TX MIMO processor) , further processed by the one or more transceivers 324 (e.g., for SC-FDM) , and transmitted to second network entity 302.
[0098] At second network entity 302, the uplink signals from UE 304 may be received by the one or more antennas 314, conditioned by the one or more transceivers 312 (e.g., filtered, amplified, downconverted, and digitized) , detected (e.g., by the processing system 306b such as a modem and / or an RX MIMO detector) , and further processed by the processing system 306b (e.g., a modem and / or a receive processor) to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 304. The processing system 306b may provide the decoded data and the decoded control information (such as to a controller / processor of the processing system 306b, an AP, first network entity 300, or another entity) .
[0099] In various aspects, a wireless communication device, such as first network entity 300, second network entity 302, BS 102, UE 104, or UE 304 may be described as sending, transmitting, obtaining, or receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, “transmitting” or “sending” may refer to various mechanisms of outputting data, such as outputting data from a processing system, one or more memories, one or more transceivers, one or more antennas, and / or other aspects described herein. For example, “sending” or “transmitting” by a device may include sending (such as wirelessly, via a wired connection, or both) to a recipient directly or via another device. As another example, “sending” or “transmitting” may include sending internally to a device (such as the UE 304, first network entity 300, or second network entity 302) by a process to memory. “Receiving” or “obtaining” may refer to various mechanisms of obtaining data, such as obtaining data from the processing system, one or more memories, one or more transceivers, one or more antennas, and / or other aspects described herein. For example, “receiving” or “obtaining” by a device may include obtaining (such as wirelessly, via a wired connection, or both) from a recipient directly or via another device. As another example, “receiving” or “obtaining” may include obtaining internally to a device (such as the UE 304, first network entity 300, or second network entity 302) by a process from memory. As used herein, “communicating” by a device may include sending, obtaining, receiving, and / or transmitting a communication. “Communicating” can refer to communication with another device or internal communication of the device.
[0100] In various aspects, the processing system 306 or the processing system 316 may include one or more AI processors (such as AI processor 330 of the processing system 316) . An AI processor may perform AI processing. The AI processor may include AI accelerator hardware or circuitry such as one or more neural processing units (NPUs) , one or more neural network processors, one or more tensor processors, one or more deep learning processors, etc. As an example, the AI processor may perform AI-based beam management, AI-based channel state feedback (CSF) , AI-based antenna tuning, and / or AI-based positioning (e.g., non-line of sight positioning prediction) . In some cases, at the UE 104, the AI processor may process feedback generated by the UE 304 (e.g., CSF) using hardware accelerated AI inferences and / or AI training. In some cases, at the second network entity 302, the AI processor may decode compressed CSF from the UE 304, for example, using a hardware accelerated AI inference associated with the CSF. In certain cases, the AI processor may perform certain RAN-based functions including, for example, network planning, network performance management, energy-efficient network operations, etc.
[0101] FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D depict aspects of data structures for a wireless communications network, such as wireless communications network 100 of FIG. 1.
[0102] FIG. 4A is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure, FIG. 4B is a diagram 430 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G subframe, FIG. 4C is a diagram 450 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and FIG. 4D is a diagram 480 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G subframe.
[0103] Wireless communications systems may utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink. Such systems may also support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD) . OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) partition the system bandwidth (e.g., as depicted in FIGS. 4B and 4D) into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. One or more subcarriers may be modulated with data. Modulation symbols may be sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and / or in the time domain with SC-FDM.
[0104] In some examples, a wireless communications frame structure may be implemented using frequency division duplexing (FDD) . In FDD, some subcarriers may be configured for DL communication, and other subcarriers (which may overlap in time with the DL subcarriers) may be configured for UL communication. In some other examples, wireless communications frame structures may be implemented using time division duplexing (TDD) . In TDD, for a particular set of subcarriers, some subframes are configured for DL communication and other subframes are configured for UL communication.
[0105] In FIGs. 4A and 4C, the wireless communications frame structure is implemented using TDD. “D” indicates DL time resources, “U” indicates UL time resources, and “X” indicates flexible time resources for use or later reconfiguration for either DL or UL communication. UEs may be configured with a slot format through a received slot format indicator (SFI) (dynamically through DL control information (DCI) , or semi-statically / statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) . In the depicted examples, a 10 ms frame is divided into 10 equally sized 1 ms subframes. Each subframe may include one or more time slots. In some examples, each slot may include 12 or 14 symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP) type (e.g., 12 symbols per slot for an extended CP or 14 symbols per slot for a normal CP) . Subframes may also include mini-slots, which generally have fewer symbols than an entire slot. Other wireless communications technologies may have a different frame structure and / or different channels.
[0106] In certain aspects, the number of slots within a subframe (e.g., a slot duration in a subframe) is based on a numerology. A numerology may define a frequency domain subcarrier spacing and symbol duration, and may be configured for a given bandwidth part, carrier, cell, or network entity. In certain aspects, given a numerology μ, there are 2μ slots per subframe. Thus, numerologies (μ) 0 to 6 may allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 slots, respectively, per subframe. In some cases, an extended CP (e.g., 12 symbols per slot) may be used with a specific numerology, such as numerology μ = 2 allowing for 4 slots per subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are a function of the numerology. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2μ×15 kHz. As an example, the numerology μ=0 corresponds to a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and the numerology μ=6 corresponds to a subcarrier spacing of 960 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D provide an example of a slot format having 14 symbols per slot (e.g., a normal CP) and a numerology μ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. In such a case, the slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs.
[0107] As depicted in FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D, a resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as a physical RB (PRB) ) that extends across, for example, 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) . An RE may include a single subcarrier in the frequency domain and a single symbol in the time domain. The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme including, for example, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) .
[0108] As illustrated in FIG. 4A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (shown as “RS” ) for a UE (e.g., UE 104 of FIGS. 1 and 3) . The RS may include a demodulation RS (DMRS) and / or a channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may additionally or alternatively include a beam measurement RS (BRS) , a beam refinement RS (BRRS) , and / or a phase tracking RS (PT-RS) .
[0109] FIG. 4B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) , each CCE including, for example, nine RE groups (REGs) , each REG including, for example, four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.
[0110] A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE (e.g., 104 of FIGS. 1 and 3) to determine subframe / symbol timing and a physical layer identity.
[0111] A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.
[0112] Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) . Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DMRS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) , which carries a master information block (MIB) , may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (SSB) , and in some cases, referred to as a synchronization signal block (SSB) . The MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN) . The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs) , and / or paging messages.
[0113] As illustrated in FIG. 4C, some of the REs carry DMRS (indicated as “R” for one particular configuration, but other DMRS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may transmit DMRS for the PUCCH and DMRS for the PUSCH. The PUSCH DMRS may be transmitted, for example, in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DMRS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. UE 104 may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS) . The SRS may be transmitted, for example, in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs. The SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.
[0114] FIG. 4D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI) , such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and HARQ ACK / NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR) , a power headroom report (PHR) , and / or UCI.
[0115] Aspects Related to Signaling an Indication of a Group Status of a Device
[0116] FIG. 5 depicts an example environment 500 for wireless communications between a group of UEs using a shared network entity. Environment 500 includes a network entity 510 communicating with a first set of UEs 522 that are positioned within a vehicle 520, and a second set of UEs 532 associated with (and positioned on or near) a user 530. The first set of UEs 522 may include a smart phone 524, an extended reality (XR) headset 526, and a smart watch 528. It should be understood that the UE types depicted for the first set of UEs 522 and the second set of UEs 532 in FIG. 5 are merely illustrative. For example, the first set of UEs 522 may include any known types of UEs, such as one or more examples of UEs described with regard to UE 104 of FIG. 1. Each of the devices in first set of UEs 522 may communicate with network entity 510 using a shared beam 525 (e.g., the same beam) . Similarly, each of the devices in the second set of UEs 532 may communicate with network entity 510 using a shared beam 535. The shared beam 525 may be different than the shared beam 535.
[0117] As previously discussed, UEs associated with a shared network entity may be quasi co-located (QCLed) with each other. For example, each of the UEs in first set of UEs 522 may use a shared beam 525 for communicating with network entity 510, and thus receive signals at similar beam angles due to the UEs being in close proximity to each other. The first set of UEs 522 may further experience similar time delays and frequency shifts due to shared speed or direction of movement (within vehicle 520) relative to network entity 510. Accordingly, the first set of UEs 522 may be considered QCLed with each other. Second set of UEs 532 may similarly be considered QCLed for the same or similar reasons. In some aspects, multiple UEs may be considered to be QCLed with one another when a network entity can communicate with each of the multiple UEs using the same QCL parameters.
[0118] In some aspects, it may be beneficial for the first set of UEs 522 and the second set of UEs 532 to communicate in accordance with a group status to reduce (e.g., minimize) redundant measurements and reporting of certain wireless communication metrics by the respective UEs of the group, and to reduce the volume of redundant transmissions made by network entity 510 to communicate common data traffic. First set of UEs 522 and second set of UEs 532 could thus benefit from receiving an indication of a group status to enable the respective UEs of each group to communicate in accordance with the group status. Accordingly, certain aspects described herein include techniques for signaling an indication of a group status of a device.
[0119] Example Signaling of an Indication of a Group Status of a Device
[0120] FIG. 6 depicts a process flow 600 for communications in a network between a network entity 602, a UE 604, and other QCLed UEs 606. In certain aspects, UE 604 and other QCLed UEs 606 may be referred to as “devices” . In process flow 600, a network entity 602 may determine or send an indication of a group status for a UE 604 based on location information and radio parameters associated with UE 604 and one or more other UEs. As discussed above, UEs that share location information and radio parameters are often QCLed, so individually reporting a variety of wireless communication metrics may increase power consumption at the UEs due to increased volume of measurements corresponding signaling for reporting the measurement. Process flow 600 provides for a network entity to determine an indication of a group status based on location information and radio parameters associated with the UE and one or more other UEs, and send the an indication of a group status for grouping the UE with the one or more other UEs. The an indication of a group status causes UE to communicate in accordance with a group status, thereby reducing signaling by the UE and providing the technical benefit of reducing power consumption and resource utilization by the network entity.
[0121] In some aspects, the network entity 602 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UE 604 may be an example of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UE 604 may be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 602 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein. Note that any operations or signaling illustrated with dashed lines may indicate that that operation or signaling is an optional or alternative example.
[0122] At 608, UE 604 sends, to network entity 602, location information for UE 604. For example, the UE 604 may transmit location information to the network entity via a measurement report (MR) . A measurement report may include location information of the UE such as coordinates corresponding to longitude and latitude of the UE, velocity information (e.g. direction and movement speed) of the UE 604, or other location information. For example, UE 604 may send, to network entity 602, a MR with location information such as a latitude of 37.7749 degrees north, a longitude of 122.4194 degrees west, and velocity information including a movement speed of 15 meters per second at a direction of 78 degrees measured clockwise from true north. In certain aspects, UE 604 may send location information within a minimization of drive test (MDT) report. As used herein, “MDT report” refers to a report sent by the UE to the network entity which may include performance data (e.g. signal strength, quality, and location) and location information such as geographical coordinates (e.g. longitude and latitude) , elevation, movement speed, or direction.
[0123] At 610, other QCLed UEs 606 may send, to network entity 602, location information using the same or similar means as described above at 608, for example, using an MR or MDT report. In some aspects, these UEs 606 may be located in proximity to the UE 604.
[0124] At 612, UE 604 sends, to network entity 602, one or more radio parameters. In certain aspects, a radio parameter may include at least one of a CSI parameter, a QCL parameter, a channel quality indicator parameter, a modulation and coding scheme parameter, a radio resource management parameter, or a radio link monitoring parameter. As used herein, “CSI parameter” refers to a measurement or information for evaluating channel conditions (e.g. reference signals, delay spread, etc. ) for a channel. As used herein, “QCL parameter” refers to measurements or information (e.g. Doppler properties, angles of arrival for signaling, spatial parameters, etc. ) usable to determine when two or more UEs experience certain shared radio propagation characteristics from the perspective of a network entity. As used herein, “channel quality indicator parameter” refers to a measurement or information of channel quality that a UE may send to a network entity to indicate suitable modulation and coding levels for transmission of data traffic. A channel quality indicator parameter is an example of a CSI parameter. As used herein, “modulation and coding scheme parameter” refers to an indication of a modulation type and coding rate for data transmission (e.g. 256-QAM for high speed high-quality conditions, or 64-QAM with a lower coding rate for moderate signal quality) . As used herein, “radio resource management parameter” refers to information for managing radio resources, such as parameters related to scheduling, load balancing, and use of available network capacity. As used herein, a “radio link monitoring parameter” refers to measurements or information for monitoring a radio link quality (e.g. reference signal received power measurements, reference signal received quality measurements, signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratios, block error rates, failure detection thresholds, etc. ) between a UE and a network entity.
[0125] At 614, other QCLed UEs 606 send, to network entity 602, radio parameters using same or similar means as described above at 610.
[0126] At 616, network entity 602 may determine an indication of a group status for UE 604. In certain aspects, network entity 602 may determine the indication of the group status for UE 604 based on the location information and radio parameters received from UE 604 and one or more other UEs. For example, network entity 602 may receive, from UE 604 location information including a latitude of 37.7749 degrees north, a longitude of 122.4194 degrees west. Network entity 602 may further receive, from UE 604, radio parameters indicating a CQI value of 9 (indicating moderate to good channel quality) over a 10 millisecond (ms) time period for a frequency band n78 (3.3-3.8 GHz in fifth generation networks) . Network entity 602 may then compare the location information and radio parameters for UE 604 with one or more other UEs, such as other QCLed UEs 606, to determine if an indication of a group status is appropriate. At 618, network entity 602 sends, to UE 604, the indication of the group status. In certain aspects, network entity 602 may send the indication of the group status for UE 604 based on the location information and radio parameters. For example, UE 604 may receive an indication of a group status for communicating in a group 622 with QCLed UEs 606. In certain aspects, network entity 602 may send the indication of the group status via downlink control information (DCI) or a medium access control element (MAC-CE) . For example, network entity 602 may send information to UE 604 including a group identifier (ID) , such as a numeric value or alphanumeric code for identifying the group.
[0127] In certain aspects, network entity 602 may determine an appropriate group status for UE 604 based on the location information and radio parameters received from UE 604 and one or more other UEs, such as other QCLed UEs 606. For example, network entity 602 may, at 616, determine a group status for grouping UE 604 with QCLed UEs 606 based on UE 604 sharing similar location information (e.g. similar longitude and latitude) and similar radio parameters (e.g. CQI values over a time period for a given frequency band) , with one or more other UEs, such as QCLed UEs 606. Network entity 602 then sends to UE 604, for example at 618, an indication of the determined group status based on the location information and the radio parameters for UE 604 and QCLed UEs 606.
[0128] At 620, UE 604 may communicate in accordance with the group status. In certain aspects, communicating in accordance with the group status may include one or more UEs with the same group status sharing information and content, thereby reducing redundant transmissions of content by a network entity and to reduce duplicate measurement of shared radio metrics. Signaling and techniques for communicating in accordance with a group status will be described in greater detail below with reference to FIGS. 9-14.
[0129] FIG. 7 depicts a process flow 700 for communications in a network between a network entity 702, a UE 704, and other QCLed UEs 706. In certain aspects, UE 704 and other QCLed UEs 706 may be referred to as “devices” . In process flow 700, a network entity 702 may determine an indication of a group status for a UE 704 based on location information and shared content associated with one or more other UEs. In process flow 700, network entity 702 determines or sends an indication of a group status based on location information and content associated with UE 704 and one or more other UEs, such as QCLed UEs 706. Network entity 702 then sends the indication of the group status for grouping UE 704 with QCLed UEs 706. The indication of a group status causes UE to communicate in accordance with a group status to reduce redundant measurements and reporting by the UE, thereby providing the technical benefit of reducing power consumption and resource utilization by the network entity.
[0130] In some aspects, the network entity 702 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UE 704 may be an example of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UE 704 may be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 702 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein. Note that any operations or signaling illustrated with dashed lines may indicate that that operation or signaling is an optional or alternative example.
[0131] At 708, UE 704 sends, to network entity 702, location information, as described in more detail at 608 of FIG. 6.
[0132] At 710, QCLed UEs 706 send, to network entity 702, location information, as described in more detail at 610 of FIG. 6.
[0133] At 712, in certain aspects, UE 704 sends, to network entity 702, signaling requesting content. The requested content may include any suitable content for sending or receiving using wireless communications, including but not limited to, Internet or web services (e.g. browsing websites, downloading files, streaming services, video calls, etc. ) , multimedia content (e.g. video, audio, gaming, etc. ) , location based services (e.g. maps, navigation data, traffic conditions etc. ) , high-resolution maps or sensor data, augmented reality or virtual reality content, cloud services (e.g. documents, photos, data synchronization, etc. ) , or other types of content or services.
[0134] At 714, other QCLed UEs 706 send, to network entity 702, signaling requesting content using same or similar means as described above at 712.
[0135] At 716, network entity 702 may determine an indication of a group status for UE 704. Network entity 702 may determine the indication of a group status for UE 704 based on the signaling at 712 requesting the content received from UE 704 as compared with the signaling at 714 requesting content received from one or more other UEs, such as QCLed UEs 706. Network entity 702 may determine an indication of a group status for UE 704 that groups UE 704 with one or more of QCLed UEs 606 that sent signaling requesting the same content. For example, if UE 704 sends signaling requesting a high-resolution map ‘X’ (or a map associated with a particular location) , and QCLed UEs 706 each request the same high-resolution map ‘X’ (or maps associated with the particular location) , then network entity 702 may determine an indication of a group status for UE 704 that groups UE 704 with QCLed UEs 706 to enable UE 704 and QCLed UEs 706 to communicate in accordance with the group status.
[0136] At 718, network entity 702 sends, to UE 704, an indication of the group status as described in more detail at 618 of FIG. 6.
[0137] In certain aspects, network entity 702 may determine an appropriate group status for UE 704 based on the location information and requests for content received from UE 704 and one or more other UEs, such as other QCLed UEs 706. For example, network entity 702 may, at 716, determine a group status for grouping UE 704 with QCLed UEs 706 based on UE 704 sharing similar location information (e.g. similar longitude and latitude) and shared content (e.g. based on receiving signaling including requests for shared content including a high resolution map) , with one or more other UEs, such as QCLed UEs 706. Network entity 702 then sends to UE 704, for example at 718, an indication of the group status based on the location information and shared content associated with both UE 704 and QCLed UEs 706.
[0138] At 720, UE 704 may communicate in accordance with the group status as described in more detail above at 620 of FIG. 6. For example, UE 704 and QCLed UEs 706 may be grouped into a group of devices 722 for communicating in accordance with the received group status.
[0139] FIG. 8 depicts a process flow 800 for communications in a network between a network entity 802, a UE 804, and other QCLed UEs 806. In certain aspects, UE 804 and other QCLed UEs 806 may be referred to as “devices” . In process flow 800, network entity 802 determines an indication of a group status for UE 804 based on location information and beam indications associated with a selected beam (such as a best beam) for UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806. Network entity 802 may then determine an indication of a group status for UE 804 based on the location information and the beam indications associated with UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806. The indication of the group status causes UE 804 to communicate in accordance with a group status, thereby providing the technical benefit of reducing power consumption at the UEs and resource utilization by network entity 802.
[0140] In some aspects, the network entity 802 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UE 804 may be an example of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UE 804 may be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 802 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein. Note that any operations or signaling illustrated with dashed lines may indicate that that operation or signaling is an optional or alternative example.
[0141] At 808, UE 804 sends, to network entity 802, location information, as described in more detail at 608 of FIG. 6.
[0142] At 810, QCLed UEs 806 send, to network entity 802, location information, as described in more detail at 610 of FIG. 6.
[0143] At 812, UE 804 may send, to network entity 802, a beam indication. The beam indication may include a beam identifier (beam ID) identifying a selected beam. In certain aspects, the beam indication may include beam IDs for a predetermined number (e.g. 2, 3, 4, etc. ) of selected best beams. In some examples, UE 804 may select one or more beams based on beam quality metrics from SSB and CSI reference signal measurements. The SSB measurements may measure received signal strength (e.g. Reference Signal Received Power) for one or more SSBs, giving an indication of associated beam strength and quality for respective beams. In some examples, the CSI reference signal measurements may include signal-to-interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) measurements, channel quality indicators, or the like. In some aspects, the beam indication may include one or more beam IDs of one or more selected beams that satisfy a beam quality threshold. In certain aspects, the beam quality threshold may be associated with, for example, one or more of the beam quality metrics described above.
[0144] At 814, QCLed UEs 806 may also each send, to network entity 802, a beam indication including a selected beam using same or similar means as described above at 812.
[0145] At 816, network entity 802 may determine an indication of a group status for UE 804 based on the received location information and the received beam indication for UE 804. In some aspects, network entity 802 may determine the indication of a group status for UE 804 based on the location information and the beam indication for UE 804 being associated with the beam indications associated with QCLed UEs 806. For example, UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806 may be positioned within a vehicle and communicating with network entity 802. UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806 may send respective beam indications indicating a selected beam having the same beam ID. Network entity 802 may then determine an indication of a group status for UE 804 to group UE 804 with QCLed UEs 806 based on the received location information and the beam indications.
[0146] In certain aspects, network entity 802 is configured to determine an indication of a group status for UE 804 based on beam information associated with UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806. As used herein, “beam information” may include any signaling or information available to network entity 802 that is associated with beam management for one or more UEs communicating with network entity 802. In some examples, beam information may include network-side SRS measurements for estimating channel characteristics between UE 804 and network entity 802 for beam selection and alignment. In certain aspects, beam information further includes received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements for measuring the strength of an SRS signal, RSRQ for evaluating the quality of an SRS signal relative to noise and interference, RSRP for measuring average power level of an SRS signal received at network entity 802, or beamforming gain information for measuring improvements in signal quality due to beamforming techniques.
[0147] At 818, network entity 802 sends, to UE 804, an indication of the group status as described in more detail at 618 of FIG. 6.
[0148] In certain aspects, network entity 802 may determine an appropriate group status for UE 804 based on the location information and beam indications received from UE 804 and one or more other UEs, such as other QCLed UEs 806. For example, network entity 802 may, at 816, determine a group status for grouping UE 804 with QCLed UEs 806 based on UE 804 sharing similar location information (e.g. similar longitude and latitude) and associated beam indications (e.g. based on receiving associated beam indications corresponding to a shared selected best beam for UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806) , with one or more other UEs, such as QCLed UEs 806. Network entity 802 then sends to UE 804, for example at 818, an indication of the determined group status based on the location information and shared content associated with both UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806.
[0149] At 820, UE 804 may communicate in accordance with the group status as described in more detail above at 620 of FIG. 6. For example, UE 804 and QCLed UEs 806 may be grouped into a group of devices 822 for communicating in accordance with the received group status.
[0150] Example Signaling for Causing a Device to Communicate in Accordance with a Group Status
[0151] FIG. 9 depicts a process flow 900 for communications in a network between a network entity 902, a UE 904, and other QCLed UEs 906. In certain aspects, UE 904 and other QCLed UEs 906 may be referred to as “devices” . In certain aspects, to cause UE 904 to communicate in accordance with a group status, network entity 902 may determine a head device for a group. For example, network entity 902 may determine a head device for a group 908 including UE 904 and QCLed UEs 906. The head device is responsible for receiving and sharing content received from the network entity to one or more other UEs in the group, thereby reducing a volume of redundant transmissions made by a network entity. In certain aspects, the network entity may indicate the head device based on wireless communication metrics and capabilities of the devices of the group.
[0152] In some aspects, the network entity 902 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UE 904 may be an example of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UE 904 may be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 902 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein. Note that any operations or signaling illustrated with dashed lines may indicate that that operation or signaling is an optional or alternative example.
[0153] At 910, UE 904 may send capabilities and CSI metrics. For example, UE 904 may send CSI metrics such as a measurement of a CQI, a RSRP, a SINR, or an RSRQ.. UE 904 may further send capability information. The capability information may indicate a set of features supported by UE 904, such as wideband CQI reporting (e.g. having the capability to report CQI values over multiple frequency bands) , adaptive modulation and coding scheme (MCS) support (e.g. having the ability to adjust modulation and coding schemes based on real-time CSI feedback) , multi-channel reception, or beam management (e.g. detecting, selecting, and switching beams based on CSI measurements) .
[0154] At 912, the QCLed UEs 906 of group 908 may send capabilities and CSI metrics in a similar manner as UE 904 at 910.
[0155] At 914, network entity 902 may determine a head device for group 908 based on the received capabilities and CSI metrics for each UE of the group. In some aspects, network entity 902 may determine, for group 908, that UE 904 has improved capabilities as compared to other UEs of group 908. In some examples, QCLed UEs 906 may be devices of a type having reduced capabilities (e.g. a smart watch) as compared to UE 904 being a device of a type having improved capabilities (e.g. a smart phone) . UE 904 may have improved capabilities including, but not limited to increased processing power (due to a faster processor) , increased battery life, improved beamforming capabilities, multiple antenna support, or other known capabilities for enhancing wireless communications. As another example, the capability information of UE 904 may indicate support for UE 904 being selected as a head device. Network entity 902 may thus determine a head device for group 908 based on received capabilities associated with the one or more UEs (such as UE 904 and QCLed UEs 906) of the group.
[0156] In certain aspects, network entity 902 may determine a head device based on a given UE having improved CSI metrics as compared to other UEs of the group. In some examples, UE 904 may send CSI metrics to network entity 902. Network entity 902 may receive similar CSI metrics from one or more other UEs (such as QCLed UEs 906) of group 908. Network entity 902 may determine UE 904 to be a head device for group 908 based on comparing these CSI metrics (e.g., based on UE 904 having improved CSI metrics as compared to other UEs of group 908, such as QCLed UEs 906) .
[0157] In certain aspects, network entity 902 may determine the head device using a combination of received capabilities and CSI metrics associated with the UEs (such as UE 904 and QCLed UEs 906) of group 908. In certain other aspects, network entity 902 may determine the head device based on one or more additional criteria for the UEs of group 908, such as power headroom report information (e.g. indicating remaining power capacity for a UE to transmit data) , traffic loads or queue statuses, beam quality, angle of arrival, historical performance data, or other metrics associated with each UE.
[0158] At 916, network entity 902 may send, to UE 904, an indication of a group status that further indicates that UE 904 is a head device for the group. In certain aspects, network entity 902 may send an indication to a UE, such as UE 904, that the UE is a head device in a separate signal. For example, the indication that UE 904 is a head device for the group may be sent from network entity 902 to UE 904 via a DCI or a MAC-CE.
[0159] At 918, UE 904 may then communicate in accordance with the group status. For example, UE 904 may transmit, to QCLed UEs 906, content or services received from network entity 902.
[0160] For example, at 920, network entity 902 may send, to UE 904, a communication. The communication may include any content or services suitable for sending or receiving using wireless communications, including but not limited to, internet and web services (e.g. browsing websites, downloading files, streaming services, video calls, etc. ) , multimedia content (e.g. video, audio, gaming, etc. ) , location based services (e.g. maps, navigation data, traffic conditions etc. ) , high-resolution maps and sensor data, augmented reality and virtual reality content, and cloud services.
[0161] At 922, UE 904 may then send, to QCLed UEs 906, at least part of the communication. In other words, UE 904, as the head device for the group, distributes the content or services to each of the other QCLed UEs 906 in the group. In certain aspects, the communication may be sent via a sidelink interface such as a PC5 interface. For example, UE 904 may be associated with a vehicle, and may communicate in accordance with a group indication status as a head device. In some examples, UE 904 may utilize a sidelink interface for sharing a communication including a high-resolution map to QCLed UEs 906 (that are also associated with vehicles) using a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) mechanism, thereby reducing redundant transmissions of the high-resolution map by network entity 902. In certain aspects, the head device for the group (e.g. UE 904) may send portions of a communication to different UEs of the group.
[0162] FIG. 10 depicts an example environment 1000 in which a group of UEs is communicating with a network entity in accordance with an indicated group status by transmitting communications via a head device. Communications of FIG. 10 may be performed using similar means as described above with reference to the process flow 900 of Fig. 9.
[0163] In FIG. 10, a network entity 1010 has grouped (e.g. by sending an indication of a group status) multiple UEs into a group 1035. Group 1035 includes UE 1040, UE 1050, and UE 1060. In some aspects, the network entity 1010 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UEs 1040, 1050, and 1060 may each be examples of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or of the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UEs 1040, 1050, and 1060 may each be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 1010 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein.
[0164] UE 1040 has been indicated as a head device for distributing content to UEs 1050 and 1060, thereby reducing redundant transmissions by network entity 1010. At 1025, network entity 1010 sends, to UE 1040, shared content 1020 over a communication 1025. Shared content 1020 is shown including six sequentially-numbered data segments for communication to the UEs of group 135, including data segments “1” , “2” , “3” , “4” , “5” , and “6” .
[0165] At 1055 and 1065, UE 1040 sends, to UE 1050 and UE 1060 respectively, the shared content. For example, UEs 1040, 1050, and 1060 may utilize a PC5 interface to enable UE 1040 to send the shared content 1020, including each of the six sequentially-numbered data segments, without routing data through a base station or network entity. Accordingly, in certain aspects, signaling for indicating a head device may cause a UE to communicate in accordance with an indication of a group status to reduce (e.g. minimize) redundant transmissions by a network entity, thereby providing the benefit of preserving scarce network resources.
[0166] FIG. 11 depicts a process flow 1100 for communications in a network between a network entity 1102, a UE 1104, and other QCLed UEs 1006. In certain aspects, UE 1104 and other QCLed UEs 1106 may be referred to as “devices” . In FIG. 11, network entity 1102 has already sent an indication of a group status to UE 1104 for grouping UE 1104 and QCLed UEs 1106 into a group 1108. In certain aspects, to cause UE 1104 (and QCLed UES 1106) to communicate in accordance with a group status, network entity 1102 may divide communications into multiple portions for sending to other QCLed UEs 1106 within a group 1108. The multiple portions of the communication may then be shared between respective UEs of group 1108 to reduce redundant transmission by network entity 1102, preserving network resources. In some aspects, process flow 1100 enables sharing of content between multiple UEs of a group having lower capabilities, such as in a group where no single UE has sufficient capabilities or radio metrics to serve as a head device that is responsible for sharing all data traffic associated with requested content.
[0167] In some aspects, the network entity 1002 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UE 1104 may be an example of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UE 1104 may be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 1102 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein. Note that any operations or signaling illustrated with dashed lines may indicate that that operation or signaling is an optional or alternative example.
[0168] At 1110, network entity 1102 may divide a communication into multiple portions. For example, a given communication associated with requested content may be split into 3 portions. A portion may include a transport block, a code block, a code block group, a packet, a set of packets, or another form of communication.
[0169] At 1112, network entity 1102 may send, to UE 1104, a first portion of a communication. At 1114, network entity 1102 may send, to other QCLed UEs 1106, additional portions of the communication. For example, a first QCLed UE may receive, from network entity 1102, a second portion of the communication, while a second QCLed UE may receive, from network entity 1102 a third portion of the communication.
[0170] At 1116, UE 1104 and QCLed UEs 1106 communicate in accordance with a group status. For example, at 1118, UE 1104 and QCLed UEs 1106 transmit (e.g., send and receive between each UE) the multiple portions of the communication to each respective UE of group 1108. UE 1104 and the QCLed UEs 1106 may transmit (e.g. groupcast) the multiple portions of the communication to each other using a PC5 interface. Returning to the example above, at 1118, UE 1104 may send a first portion of the communication to respective UEs of QCLed UEs 1106 using a PC5 interface. A second QCLed UE may further transmit to UE 1104, and remaining UEs of group 1108, a second portion of the communication. A third QCLed UE may further transmit to UE 1104, and remaining UEs of group 1108, a third portion of the communication. Thus, each of the QCLed UEs 1106 may obtain an entirety of the communication, though only portions of the communication are transmitted to each UE by the network entity 1102. Accordingly, in certain aspects, communicating in accordance with a group status includes network entity 1102 dividing a communication into multiple portions for sharing between multiple devices of the group, thereby causing diversity gain that increases reliability of wireless communications between the network entity and the UEs of the group.
[0171] FIG. 12 depicts an example of an environment 1200 in which a group of UEs is communicating with a network entity in accordance with an indication of a group status by transmitting multiple portions of a divided communications between different UEs of a group using similar means as described above with reference to the process flow 1100 of Fig. 11.
[0172] In FIG. 12, a network entity 1210 has grouped (e.g. by sending an indication of a group status) multiple UEs into a group 1235. Group 1235 includes UE 1240, UE 1250, and UE 1260. In some aspects, the network entity 1210 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UEs 1240, 1250, and 1260 may each be examples of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or of the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UEs 1240, 1250, and 1260 may each be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 1210 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein.
[0173] In some examples, no individual UE of group 1235 has capabilities or radio metrics sufficient to cause network entity 1210 to select the individual UE as a head device. In FIG. 12, network entity 1210 is shown dividing shared content 1220 into multiple portions for sending to the UEs of group 1235. At 1212, network entity 1210 sends, to UE 1240, a first portion of the communication including sequentially-numbered data segments “1” and “2” . At 1212, network entity 1210 sends, to UE 1250, a second portion of the communication including sequentially-numbered data segments “3” and “4” . At 1212, network entity 1210 sends, to UE 1240, a third portion of the communication including sequentially-numbered data segments “5” and “6” .
[0174] At 1270 and 1280, UEs 1240, 1250, and 1260 each transmit (e.g. groupcast or send over sidelinks) respective received portions of the divided communication. As discussed, UE 1240, 1250, and 1260 may transmit the respective received portions of the communication using a PC5 interface. UEs 1240, 1250, and 1260 may transmit respective portions of the communication such that each of the respective UEs is provided each of the multiple portions of the shared content. Accordingly, in certain aspects, signaling for causing a UE to communicate in accordance with an indication of a group status may allow UEs of a group to each receive and send portions of a divided communication between each other, thereby reducing redundant transmissions by a network entity to preserve network resources.
[0175] In some aspects, data packets transmitted between UEs of a group that are communicating in accordance with an indication of a group status may not be received successfully. To improve reliability, in certain aspects, UEs of a group (such as UEs 1240, 1250, and 1260 of group 1235 of FIG. 12, or UE 1040 of FIG. 10) may be configured with a default parameter to cause the UEs to perform multiple transmissions of a communication (or portions of a shared communication) .
[0176] In certain aspects, a UE of a group may be configured to send, to a transmitting UE of a group (e.g. a head device, or a UE sending a portion of a divided communication) a HARQ-NACK. The HARQ-NACK may include a signal sent by a UE of the group, to a different UE of the group, indicating that one or more data packets in a transmission were not received successfully. The HARQ-NACK may further include a request for retransmission of the one or more data packets that were not received successfully. For example, UE 1240 may send a first portion of a communication to UE 1250. If UE 1250 determines that one or more data packets of the first portion of the communication was not received from UE 1240 within a defined time period, then UE 1250 may be configured to send, to UE 1240, a HARQ-NACK indicating the one or more data packets that were not successfully received. In response to receiving the HARQ-NACK, UE 1240 may then retransmit (e.g. via unicast or multicast) the one or more data packets that were not successfully received.
[0177] FIG. 13 depicts a process flow 1300 for communications in a network between a network entity 1302, a UE 1304, and a proper subset of UEs 1306. In certain aspects, UE 1304 and other each UE of the proper subset of UEs 1306 may be referred to as “devices” . In FIG. 13, network entity 1302 has already sent an indication of a group status to group UE 1304 with a proper subset of UEs 1306. In certain aspects, to cause UE 1304 to communicate in accordance with the group status, network entity 1302 may select a proper subset of UEs responsible for transmitting shared content, providing the technical benefit of increasing transmission reliability (as compared to having a singular head device) , and preserving network resources by reducing the volume of redundant transmissions by the network entity to each individual UE.
[0178] In some aspects, the network entity 1302 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UE 1304 may be an example of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UE 1304 may be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 1302 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein. Note that any operations or signaling illustrated with dashed lines may indicate that that operation or signaling is an optional or alternative example.
[0179] At 1310, network entity 1302 sends, to a proper subset of UEs 1306, an indication of that UEs 1306 are a proper subset of UEs for transmitting communications (e.g. content) to group 1308. In certain aspects, network entity 1302 may select a predetermined number of UEs to be in the proper subset of UEs 1306 based on capabilities and / or radio parameters (e.g. CSI metrics) of the UEs of group 1308. In some aspects, network entity 1302 may select any number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. ) of UEs to be in the proper subset of UEs 1306. The proper subset of UEs 1306 can include one or more UEs. In some aspects, the proper subset of UEs 1306 includes two or more UEs. Network entity 1302 may send the indication of the proper subset of UEs 1306 using an L3 signaling such as RRC signaling, a MAC-CE, or a DCI.
[0180] At 1312, network entity 1302 sends, to the proper subset of UEs 1306, a communication. The communication may include requested content to be shared among UEs of group 1308.
[0181] At 1314, UE 1304 receives, from the proper subset of UEs 1306, the communication. In certain aspects, each UE within the proper subset of UEs may receive the entirety of the communication for transmitting to other UEs of the group. For example, each UE of the proper subset of UEs 1306 may transmit (e.g. groupcast or multicast via a sidelink) , to UE 1304 and remaining UEs of group 1308, the communication via a PC5 interface.
[0182] Thus, the network entity may select a proper subset of UEs to receive and transmit a communication to other UEs of a group, providing the technical benefit of increasing transmission reliability (as compared to having a singular head device) , and preserving network resources by reducing the volume of redundant transmissions by the network entity to each individual UE.
[0183] In certain aspects, the network entity is configured to select a given UE of the proper subset of UEs for transmitting shared content to UEs of a given group. If the selected UE of the proper subset successfully transmits the shared content, the volume of redundant network transmissions is further reduced, thereby preserving additional network resources. If the selected UE of the proper subset is unsuccessful in transmitting one or more data packets of data to the UEs of the group, then one or more remaining UEs of the proper subset may transmit the one or more data packets to the UEs of the group. For example, UE 1304 may not receive, from a first UE of proper subset of UEs 1306, one or more data packets of an initial transmission. UE 1304 may then send, to the proper subset of UEs 1306, a negative acknowledgement (e.g. a HARQ-NACK) for the initial transmission indicating one or more dropped packets. A second UE of the proper subset of UEs 1306 may then transmit the one or more dropped data packets to UE 1304, thereby increasing transmission reliability.
[0184] FIG. 14 depicts an illustrative diagrammatic view of an environment 1400 in which a group of UEs is communicating with a network entity in accordance with an indication of a group status by transmitting shared content using a proper subset of UEs selected by the network entity.
[0185] FIG. 14 includes a network entity 1410 transmitting shared content 1420 to a group of UEs 1435. Group of UEs 1435 includes UEs 1440, 1450, 1460, and 1470, each positioned within a vehicle 1430. In some aspects, the network entity 1410 may be an example of the BS 102 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1, the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station depicted and described with respect to FIG. 2. Similarly, the UEs 1440, 1450, and 1460 may each be examples of UE 104 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 1 or of the UE 304 depicted and described with respect to FIG. 3. However, in other aspects, UEs 1440, 1450, and 1460 may each be another type of wireless communications device and network entity 1410 may be another type of network entity or network node, such as those described herein.
[0186] In certain aspects, to cause the UEs of a group of UEs 1435 to communicate in accordance with a group status, network entity 1410 selects a proper subset of UEs 1445 including UE 1440 and UE 1450. Accordingly, network entity 1410 has selected UE 1440 and UE 1450 to transmit shared content to other UEs of the group based on their respective capabilities and radio parameters as compared to UEs 1460 and 1470.
[0187] At 1425, network entity 1410 sends, to UE 1440, a first communication including shared content 1420. At 1435, network entity 1410 sends, to UE 1450, a second communication including shared content 1420. UEs 1440 and 1450 may then transmit the shared content 1420 (including each of the sequentially-numbered data segments “1” through “6” ) to each other UE of the group, including UEs 1460 and 1470. For example, UEs 1440 and 1450 may transmit the communication to UEs 1460 and 1470 using a PC5 interface. In certain aspects, the UEs of the proper subset of UEs 1445, in this case UEs 1440 and 1450, may further transmit shared content 1420 with each other.
[0188] As previously discussed, in certain aspects, network entity 1410 may send shared content 1420 to a singular UE of the proper subset of UEs 1445 to further reduce redundant transmissions by UEs of the proper subset of UEs. For example, network entity 1410 may send shared content 1420 to UE 1440 for transmitting shared content 1420 to the remaining UEs of the group of UEs 1435. If UE 1440 is unable to successfully transmit one or more data packets of shared content 1420, then UE 1450 may coordinate to transmit the one or more data packets using previously described techniques.
[0189] Note that the process flows illustrated in FIG. 6-9, 11, and 13 are described herein to facilitate an understanding of techniques for signaling of an indication of a group status of a device, and for causing a device to communicate in accordance with a group status. Aspects of the present disclosure may be performed in various manners via alternative or additional signaling and / or operations. In certain aspects, the operations and / or signaling of FIG. 6-9, 11, and 13 may occur in an order different from that described or depicted, and various actions, operations, and / or signaling may be added, omitted, or combined.
[0190] Example Operations of a User Equipment
[0191] FIG. 15 shows a method 1500 for wireless communications by a device, such as UE 104 of FIG. 1 or UE 304 of FIG. 3.
[0192] Method 1500 begins at block 1505 with receiving an indication of a group status of the device for indicating that the device belongs to a group of devices, wherein the indication of the group status is based on location information of the device and at least one of: a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices, content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, or beam indications associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices. For example, the receiving of the indication of the group status could correspond to 618 of FIG. 6.
[0193] Method 1500 then proceeds to block 1510 with communicating in accordance with the group status. For example, the communicating may correspond to 620 of FIG. 6. Method 1500 may provide the technical benefit of allowing a UE to communicate in accordance with the group status to reduce redundant measurements and reporting by the UE, thereby providing the technical benefit of reducing power consumption at the UE.
[0194] In some aspects, method 1500 further includes transmitting the location information via at least one of: a measurement report, or a minimization of drive test report.
[0195] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is based on the radio parameter.
[0196] In some aspects, the radio parameter comprises at least one of: a channel state information parameter, a quasi co-location parameter, a channel quality indicator parameter, a modulation and coding scheme parameter, a radio resource management parameter, or a radio link monitoring parameter.
[0197] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is based on the content.
[0198] In some aspects, the content is associated with a service.
[0199] In some aspects, the indication of the group status further indicates that the device is a head device of the group of devices, wherein block 1510 includes receiving a communication from a network entity in accordance with the device being the head device.
[0200] In some aspects, block 1510 includes sending the communication to the one or more other devices.
[0201] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is via downlink control information, medium access control signaling, or radio resource control signaling.
[0202] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is based on the beam indications.
[0203] In some aspects, the beam indications include one or more beam indications of at least one of the device or the one or more other devices.
[0204] In some aspects, the one or more beam indications include a respective best beam indication for each device of the group of devices.
[0205] In some aspects, method 1500 further includes transmitting a beam indication of the beam indications, wherein the beam indication is based on a reference signal measurement of the device.
[0206] In some aspects, method 1500 further includes receiving group common downlink control information pertaining to the group of devices, wherein block 1510 includes communicating in accordance with the group common downlink control information.
[0207] In some aspects, block 1510 includes receiving a portion of a communication, the communication comprising multiple portions, each portion of the multiple portion associated with a respective device of the group of devices.
[0208] In some aspects, method 1500 further includes receiving a second portion of the communication, via a sidelink, from another device of the group of devices.
[0209] In some aspects, receiving the second portion of the communication comprises receiving multiple repetitions of the second portion.
[0210] In some aspects, method 1500 further includes sending the portion of the communication, via a sidelink to another device of the group of devices.
[0211] In some aspects, sending the portion of the communication comprises sending the portion of the communication in response to a negative acknowledgment, from the other device, regarding an initial transmission of the communication.
[0212] In some aspects, block 1510 includes receiving a communication, wherein the communication is associated with a proper subset of devices of the group of devices.
[0213] In some aspects, method 1500 further includes receiving, from another device of the group of devices, a request for a portion of the communication.
[0214] In some aspects, method 1500 further includes sending the portion of the communication to the other device.
[0215] In some aspect, method 1500, or any aspect related to it, may be performed by an apparatus, such as communications device 1700 of FIG. 17, which includes various components operable, configured, or adapted to perform the method 1500. Communications device 1700 is described below in further detail.
[0216] Note that FIG. 15 is just one example of a method, and other methods including fewer, additional, or alternative operations are possible consistent with this disclosure.
[0217] Example Operations of a Network Entity
[0218] FIG. 16 shows a method 1600 for wireless communications by an apparatus, such as BS 102 of FIG. 1, a first network entity 300 or second network entity 302 of FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station as discussed with respect to FIG. 2.
[0219] Method 1600 begins at block 1605 with sending an indication of a group status for indicating that a device belongs to a group of devices, and wherein the indication of the group status based on location information of the device and at least one of: a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices, content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, or beam information associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices. For example, the sending of the indication of the group status could correspond to 618 of FIG. 6
[0220] Method 1600 then proceeds to block 1610 with communicating in accordance with the group status. For example, the communicating could correspond to 620 of FIG. 6. Method 1600 may provide the technical benefit of allowing a network entity to communicate in accordance with the group status with a group of UEs, reducing redundant transmissions by the network entity, thereby providing the technical benefit of reducing power consumption at the network entity and preserving radio resources.
[0221] In certain aspects, method 1600 further includes obtaining the location information via at least one of: a measurement report, or a minimization of drive test report.
[0222] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is based on the radio parameter.
[0223] In some aspects, the radio parameter comprises at least one of: a channel state information parameter, a quasi co-location parameter, a channel quality indicator parameter, a modulation and coding scheme parameter, a radio resource management parameter, or a radio link monitoring parameter.
[0224] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is based on the content.
[0225] In some aspects, the content is associated with a service associated with each device of the group of devices.
[0226] In some aspects, the indication of the group status further indicates that the device is a head device of the group of devices, wherein block 1610 includes sending a communication to the device in accordance with the device being the head device.
[0227] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is via downlink control information, medium access control signaling, or radio resource control signaling.
[0228] In some aspects, the indication of the group status is based on the beam information.
[0229] In some aspects, the beam information include one or more beam indications of at least one of the device or the one or more other devices.
[0230] In some aspects, the one or more beam indications include a respective best beam indication for each device of the group of devices.
[0231] In some aspects, the beam information is based on a measurement of a sounding reference signal associated with the device.
[0232] In some aspects, block 1610 includes sending multiple portions of a communication, each portion of the multiple portion associated with a respective device of the group of devices.
[0233] In some aspects, block 1610 includes sending a communication to a proper subset of devices of the group of devices.
[0234] In some aspect, method 1600, or any aspect related to it, may be performed by an apparatus, such as communications device 1800 of FIG. 18, which includes various components operable, configured, or adapted to perform the method 1600. Communications device 1800 is described below in further detail.
[0235] Note that FIG. 16 is just one example of a method, and other methods including fewer, additional, or alternative operations are possible consistent with this disclosure.
[0236] Example Communications Devices
[0237] FIG. 17 depicts aspects of an example communications device 1700 configured for wireless communications. In some aspects, communications device 1700 is a user equipment, such as UE 104 described above with respect to FIG. 1 or UE 304 described with respect to FIG. 3.
[0238] The communications device 1700 includes a processing system 1705 coupled to a transceiver 1765 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver) . The transceiver 1765 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communications device 1700 via an antenna 1770, such as the various signals as described herein. The processing system 1705 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communications device 1700, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the communications device 1700.
[0239] The processing system 1705 includes one or more processors 1710 and a computer-readable medium / memory 1735. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1710 may be representative of the one or more processors 318 described with respect to FIG. 3. The one or more processors 1710 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1735 via a bus 1760. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1735 may be representative of the one or more memories 320 described with respect to FIG. 3. The computer-readable medium / memory 1735 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium / memory. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1735 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) , that when executed by the one or more processors 1710, cause the one or more processors 1710 to perform the method 1500 described with respect to FIG. 15, or any aspect related to it, including any operations described in relation to FIG. 15. Note that reference to a processor performing a function of communications device 1700 may include one or more processors performing that function of communications device 1700, such as in a distributed fashion.
[0240] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1735 stores code (e.g., executable instructions) , including code for receiving 1740, code for communicating 1745, code for transmitting 1750, and code for sending 1755. Processing of the code 1740-1755 may enable and cause the communications device 1700 to perform the method 1500 described with respect to FIG. 15, or any aspect related to it.
[0241] The one or more processors 1710 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) the code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1735, including circuitry for receiving 1715, circuitry for communicating 1720, circuitry for transmitting 1725, and circuitry for sending 1730. Processing with circuitry 1715-1730 may enable and cause the communications device 1700 to perform the method 1500 described with respect to FIG. 15, or any aspect related to it.
[0242] More generally, means for communicating, transmitting, sending or outputting for transmission may include the one or more transceivers 324, one or more antenna 322 and / or processing system 316 of the UE 304 illustrated in FIG. 3, transceiver 1765 and / or antenna 1770 of the communications device 1700 in FIG. 17, and / or one or more processors 1710 of the communications device 1700 in FIG. 17. Means for communicating, receiving or obtaining may include the one or more transceivers 324, one or more antennas 322, and / or processing system 316 of the UE 304 illustrated in FIG. 3, transceiver 1765 and / or antenna 1770 of the communications device 1700 in FIG. 17, and / or one or more processors 1710 of the communications device 1700 in FIG. 17.
[0243] FIG. 18 depicts aspects of an example communications device configured for wireless communications. In some aspects, communications device 1800 is a network entity, such as BS 102 of FIG. 1, first network entity 300 or second network entity 302 of FIG. 3, or a disaggregated base station as discussed with respect to FIG. 2.
[0244] The communications device 1800 includes a processing system 1805 coupled to a transceiver 1855 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver) and / or a network interface 1865. The transceiver 1855 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communications device 1800 via an antenna 1860, such as the various signals as described herein. The network interface 1865 is configured to obtain and send signals for the communications device 1800 via communications link (s) , such as a backhaul link, midhaul link, and / or fronthaul link as described herein, such as with respect to FIG. 2. The processing system 1805 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communications device 1800, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the communications device 1800.
[0245] The processing system 1805 includes one or more processors 1810 and a computer-readable medium / memory 1830. In various aspects, one or more processors 1810 may be representative of the one or more processors 308, as described with respect to FIG. 3. The one or more processors 1810 are coupled to the computer-readable medium / memory 1830 via a bus 1850. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1830 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) , including code 1835-1845, that when executed by the one or more processors 1810, cause the one or more processors 1810 to perform the method 1600 described with respect to FIG. 16, or any aspect related to it, including any operations described in relation to FIG. 16. The computer-readable medium / memory 1830 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium / memory. Note that reference to a processor of communications device 1800 performing a function may include one or more processors of communications device 1800 performing that function, such as in a distributed fashion.
[0246] In the depicted example, the computer-readable medium / memory 1830 stores code (e.g., executable instructions) , including code for sending 1835, code for communicating 1840, and code for obtaining 1845. Processing of the code 1835-1845 may enable and cause the communications device 1800 to perform the method 1600 described with respect to FIG. 16, or any aspect related to it.
[0247] The one or more processors 1810 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) the code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1830, including circuitry for sending 1815, circuitry for communicating 1820, and circuitry for obtaining 1825. Processing with circuitry 1815-1825 may enable and cause the communications device 1800 to perform the method 1600 described with respect to FIG. 16, or any aspect related to it.
[0248] Various components of the communications device 1800 may provide means for performing the method 1600 described with respect to FIG. 16, or any aspect related to it. Means for communicating, transmitting, sending or outputting for transmission may include the one or more transceivers 312, one or more antennas 314, and / or processing system 306 of the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 illustrated in FIG. 3, transceiver 1855, antenna 1860, and / or network interface 1865 of the communications device 1800 in FIG. 18, and / or one or more processors 1810 of the communications device 1800 in FIG. 18. Means for communicating, receiving or obtaining may include the one or more transceivers 312, one or more antennas 314, and / or processing system 306 of the first network entity 300 or the second network entity 302 illustrated in FIG. 3, transceiver 1855, antenna 1860, and / or network interface 1865 of the communications device 1800 in FIG. 18, and / or one or more processors 1810 of the communications device 1800 in FIG. 18.
[0249] Example Clauses
[0250] Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:
[0251] Clause 1: A method for wireless communications by a device comprising: receiving an indication of a group status of the device for indicating that the device belongs to a group of devices, wherein the indication of the group status is based on location information of the device and at least one of: a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices, content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, or beam indications associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices; and communicating in accordance with the group status.
[0252] Clause 2: The method of Clause 1, further comprising transmitting the location information via at least one of: a measurement report, or a minimization of drive test report.
[0253] Clause 3: The method of any one of Clauses 1-2, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the radio parameter.
[0254] Clause 4: The method of Clause 3, wherein the radio parameter comprises at least one of: a channel state information parameter, a quasi co-location parameter, a channel quality indicator parameter, a modulation and coding scheme parameter, a radio resource management parameter, or a radio link monitoring parameter.
[0255] Clause 5: The method of any one of Clauses 1-4, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the content.
[0256] Clause 6: The method of Clause 5, wherein the content is associated with a service.
[0257] Clause 7: The method of any one of Clauses 1-6, wherein the indication of the group status further indicates that the device is a head device of the group of devices, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises receiving a communication from a network entity in accordance with the device being the head device.
[0258] Clause 8: The method of any one of Clauses 1-7, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises sending the communication to the one or more other devices.
[0259] Clause 9: The method of any one of Clauses 1-8, wherein the indication of the group status is via downlink control information, medium access control signaling, or radio resource control signaling.
[0260] Clause 10: The method of any one of Clauses 1-9, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the beam indications.
[0261] Clause 11: The method of Clause 10, wherein the beam indications include one or more beam indications of at least one of the device or the one or more other devices.
[0262] Clause 12: The method of Clause 11, wherein the one or more beam indications include a respective best beam indication for each device of the group of devices.
[0263] Clause 13: The method of Clause 10, further comprising transmitting a beam indication of the beam indications, wherein the beam indication is based on a reference signal measurement of the device.
[0264] Clause 14: The method of any one of Clauses 1-13, further comprising receiving group common downlink control information pertaining to the group of devices, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises communicating in accordance with the group common downlink control information.
[0265] Clause 15: The method of any one of Clauses 1-14, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises receiving a portion of a communication, the communication comprising multiple portions, each portion of the multiple portion associated with a respective device of the group of devices.
[0266] Clause 16: The method of Clause 15, further comprising receiving a second portion of the communication, via a sidelink, from another device of the group of devices.
[0267] Clause 17: The method of Clause 16, wherein receiving the second portion of the communication comprises receiving multiple repetitions of the second portion.
[0268] Clause 18: The method of Clause 15, further comprising sending the portion of the communication, via a sidelink to another device of the group of devices.
[0269] Clause 19: The method of Clause 15, wherein sending the portion of the communication comprises sending the portion of the communication in response to a negative acknowledgment, from the other device, regarding an initial transmission of the communication.
[0270] Clause 20: The method of any one of Clauses 1-19, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises receiving a communication, wherein the communication is associated with a proper subset of devices of the group of devices.
[0271] Clause 21: The method of Clause 20, further comprising: receiving, from another device of the group of devices, a request for a portion of the communication; and sending the portion of the communication to the other device.
[0272] Clause 22: A method for wireless communications by a network entity comprising: sending an indication of a group status for indicating that a device belongs to a group of devices, and wherein the indication of the group status based on location information of the device and at least one of: a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices, content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, or beam information associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices; and communicating in accordance with the group status.
[0273] Clause 23: The method of Clause 22, further comprising: obtaining the location information via at least one of: a measurement report, or a minimization of drive test report.
[0274] Clause 24: The method of any one of Clauses 22-23, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the radio parameter.
[0275] Clause 25: The method of Clause 24, wherein the radio parameter comprises at least one of: a channel state information parameter, a quasi co-location parameter, a channel quality indicator parameter, a modulation and coding scheme parameter, a radio resource management parameter, or a radio link monitoring parameter.
[0276] Clause 26: The method of any one of Clauses 22-25, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the content.
[0277] Clause 27: The method of Clause 26, wherein the content is associated with a service associated with each device of the group of devices.
[0278] Clause 28: The method of any one of Clauses 22-27, wherein the indication of the group status further indicates that the device is a head device of the group of devices, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises sending a communication to the device in accordance with the device being the head device.
[0279] Clause 29: The method of any one of Clauses 22-28, wherein the indication of the group status is via downlink control information, medium access control signaling, or radio resource control signaling.
[0280] Clause 30: The method of any one of Clauses 22-29, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the beam information.
[0281] Clause 31: The method of Clause 30, wherein the beam information include one or more beam indications of at least one of the device or the one or more other devices.
[0282] Clause 32: The method of Clause 31, wherein the one or more beam indications include a respective best beam indication for each device of the group of devices.
[0283] Clause 33: The method of any one of Clauses 22-32, wherein the beam information is based on a measurement of a sounding reference signal associated with the device.
[0284] Clause 34: The method of any one of Clauses 22-33, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises sending multiple portions of a communication, each portion of the multiple portion associated with a respective device of the group of devices.
[0285] Clause 35: The method of any one of Clauses 22-34, wherein communicating in accordance with the group status comprises sending a communication to a proper subset of devices of the group of devices.
[0286] Clause 36: One or more apparatuses, comprising: one or more memories comprising executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the one or more apparatuses to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-35.
[0287] Clause 37: One or more apparatuses configured for wireless communications, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the one or more apparatuses to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-35.
[0288] Clause 38: One or more apparatuses configured for wireless communications, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-35.
[0289] Clause 39: One or more apparatuses, comprising means for performing a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-35.
[0290] Clause 40: One or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of one or more apparatuses, cause the one or more apparatuses to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-35.
[0291] Clause 41: One or more computer program products embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media comprising code for performing a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-35.
[0292] Clause 42: One or more apparatuses configured for wireless communications, comprising: a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the one or more apparatuses to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-35.
[0293] Additional Considerations
[0294] The preceding description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein are not limiting of the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For instance, the methods described may be performed in an order different from that described, and various actions may be added, omitted, or combined. Also, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method that is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to, or other than, the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0295] The various illustrative logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, an AI processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD) , discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a SoC, a SiP, or any other such configuration.
[0296] As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c) .
[0297] As used herein, the term “determining” encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, a database or another data structure) , ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” may include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) and the like. Also, “determining” may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing and the like.
[0298] As used herein, “coupled to” and “coupled with” generally encompass direct coupling and indirect coupling (e.g., including intermediary coupled aspects) unless stated otherwise. For example, stating that a processor is coupled to a memory allows for a direct coupling or a coupling via an intermediary aspect, such as a bus.
[0299] The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more actions for achieving the methods. The method actions may be interchanged with one another without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. Further, the various operations of methods described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. The means may include various hardware and / or software component (s) and / or module (s) , including, but not limited to a circuit, an ASIC, or processor.
[0300] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean only one unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The subsequent use of a definite article (e.g., “the” or “said” ) with an element (e.g., “the processor” ) is not intended to invoke a singular meaning (e.g., “only one” ) on the element unless otherwise specifically stated. For example, reference to an element (e.g., “a processor, ” “the processor, ” etc. ) , unless otherwise specifically stated, should be understood to refer to one or more elements (e.g., “one or more processors, ” or the like) . The terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more elements, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Where reference is made to one or more elements performing functions (e.g., steps of a method) , one element may perform all functions, or more than one element may collectively perform the functions. When more than one element collectively performs the functions, each function need not be performed by each of those elements (e.g., different functions may be performed by different elements) and / or each function need not be performed in whole by only one element (e.g., different elements may perform different sub-functions of a function) . Similarly, where reference is made to one or more elements configured to cause another element (e.g., an apparatus) to perform functions, one element may be configured to cause the other element to perform all functions, or more than one element may collectively be configured to cause the other element to perform the functions. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims.
Claims
An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause a device to:receive an indication of a group status of the device for indicating that the device belongs to a group of devices,wherein the indication of the group status is based on location information of the device and at least one of:a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices,content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, orbeam indications associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices; andcommunicate in accordance with the group status.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the radio parameter.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the content.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of the group status further indicates that the device is a head device of the group of devices, wherein to cause the device to communicate in accordance with the group status, the processing system is configured to cause the device to receive a communication from a network entity in accordance with the device being the head device.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to cause the device to communicate in accordance with the group status, the processing system is configured to cause the device to send the communication to the one or more other devices.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the beam indications.The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the beam indications include one or more beam indications of at least one of the device or the one or more other devices.The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the one or more beam indications include a respective best beam indication for each device of the group of devices.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to cause the device to receive group common downlink control information pertaining to the group of devices, wherein to cause the device to communicate in accordance with the group status, the processing system is configured to cause the device to communicate in accordance with the group common downlink control information.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to cause the device to communicate in accordance with the group status, the processing system is configured to cause the device to receive a portion of a communication, the communication comprising multiple portions, each portion of the multiple portion associated with a respective device of the group of devices.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the processing system is configured to cause the device to send the portion of the communication, via a sidelink to another device of the group of devices.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein to cause the device to send the portion of the communication, the processing system is configured to cause the device to send the portion of the communication in response to a negative acknowledgment, from the other device, regarding an initial transmission of the communication.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to cause the device to communicate in accordance with the group status, the processing system is configured to cause the device to receive a communication, wherein the communication is associated with a proper subset of devices of the group of devices.The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the processing system is configured to cause the device to receive, from another device of the group of devices, a request for a portion of the communication; andsend the portion of the communication to the other device.An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause a network entity to:send an indication of a group status for indicating that a device belongs to a group of devices, andwherein the indication of the group status is based on location information of the device and at least one of:a radio parameter of the device and one or more other devices from the group of devices,content associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, orbeam information associated with the device and the one or more other devices from the group of devices; andcommunicate in accordance with the group status.The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the radio parameter.The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the content.The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the indication of the group status further indicates that the device is a head device of the group of devices, wherein to cause the network entity to communicate in accordance with the group status, the processing system is configured to cause the network entity to send a communication to the device in accordance with the device being the head device.The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the indication of the group status is based on the beam information.A method of wireless communications by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving an indication of a group status of the UE for indicating that the UE belongs to a group of devices,wherein the indication of the group status is based on location information of the UE and at least one of:a radio parameter of the UE and one or more other devices from the group of devices,content associated with the UE and the one or more other devices from the group of devices, orbeam indications associated with the UE and the one or more other devices from the group of devices; andcommunicating in accordance with the group status.