Disassembly method and disassembly apparatus for photovoltaic module

Abstract

Disclosed are a disassembly method and disassembly apparatus for a photovoltaic module. The disassembly method for a photovoltaic module comprises: heating a photovoltaic module (200) to be disassembled to a first temperature, so as to heat at least part of silicone inside an aluminum frame (21) in the photovoltaic module (200) into solid powder; and extracting the aluminum frame (21) to disassemble the photovoltaic module (200), so as to obtain a laminate and the aluminum frame (21). By heating the photovoltaic module (200), at least part of the silicone inside the aluminum frame (21) becomes solid powder, and in the case of the solid powder, the silicone no longer has adhesive properties, and there is only a snap-fit relationship between the laminate and the aluminum frame (21), such that the aluminum frame can be easily pulled away from the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the aluminum frame can be easily removed with a relatively small force, the time for disassembly is greatly shortened, and the efficiency of disassembling the photovoltaic module can be improved.

Description

Methods and equipment for disassembling photovoltaic modules

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202411647221.8, filed on November 18, 2024, entitled "Method and apparatus for disassembling photovoltaic modules", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic cell technology and the field of photovoltaic module recycling technology, and in particular to a method and equipment for disassembling photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0004] Photovoltaic modules include aluminum frames. After the photovoltaic modules are decommissioned, the aluminum frames can be recycled to save on material costs.

[0005] Currently, most aluminum frame removal processes rely on physical removal using mechanical tools. This method is labor-intensive and can easily damage the glass in the laminate, leaving behind broken glass and requiring additional processing steps.

[0006] It should be noted that the above content is not necessarily prior art, nor is it intended to limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a method and equipment for disassembling photovoltaic modules to solve or alleviate one or more of the technical problems mentioned above.

[0008] As a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application provide a method for disassembling a photovoltaic module, including:

[0009] The photovoltaic module to be disassembled is heated to a first temperature to heat at least a portion of the silicone inside the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic module into a solid powder.

[0010] The aluminum frame is removed to disassemble the photovoltaic module, yielding the laminate and aluminum frame.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first temperature is 320℃-400℃, and the heating time is 10-30 minutes.

[0012] In one embodiment, the aluminum frame is removed to disassemble the photovoltaic module, yielding the laminate and the aluminum frame, prior to which the following steps are included:

[0013] The photovoltaic modules are cooled for a preset time or to a target temperature.

[0014] In one embodiment, the method further includes: immersing the aluminum frame in a cleaning device for cleaning to remove solid powder; the cleaning device includes one or more of an ultrasonic cleaning device, a drum cleaning device, and a wind-powered cleaning device.

[0015] In one implementation, it further includes:

[0016] The laminate is heated to a second temperature to carbonize the adhesive film in the laminate.

[0017] The glass, solder strips, and battery cells in the laminate are extracted in sequence.

[0018] In one embodiment, the second temperature is 400-500°C, and the heating time is 10-20 minutes.

[0019] As a second aspect of this application, this application provides a photovoltaic module dismantling device, comprising:

[0020] The transmission unit includes multiple transmission layers arranged from top to bottom, with at least one photovoltaic module to be disassembled stacked on each transmission layer.

[0021] The heating unit includes a heating chamber, the size of which is adapted to the size of the conveying unit so that the conveying unit conveys the photovoltaic module to the heating chamber;

[0022] The disassembly unit includes a disassembly device, which includes a clamping part and a moving part. The clamping part is used to clamp the aluminum frame in the photovoltaic module, and the moving part is used to drive the clamping part to move.

[0023] In one embodiment, the disassembly unit includes at least two disassembly devices disposed opposite each other on opposite sides of the conveying unit.

[0024] In one embodiment, a moving part is provided with a plurality of clamping parts, and the plurality of clamping parts are respectively provided with a plurality of transfer layers; after the plurality of clamping parts clamp the aluminum frame of the corresponding transfer layer, the moving part drives the plurality of clamping parts to move.

[0025] In one embodiment, the movement of the moving part includes rotation or translation.

[0026] In one embodiment, it further includes an ultrasonic cleaning device, a drum cleaning device, and / or a pneumatic cleaning device; the positions of the ultrasonic cleaning device, the drum cleaning device, and / or the pneumatic cleaning device are adapted to the position of the moving part.

[0027] This application embodiment heats the photovoltaic module, causing at least a portion of the silicone inside the aluminum frame to solidify into a powder. In this solid powder state, the silicone loses its adhesive properties, and the laminate and aluminum frame only have a snap-fit ​​connection. The aluminum frame can be easily removed from the photovoltaic module; this allows for easy removal with less force and significantly reduces disassembly time, thus improving the efficiency of photovoltaic module removal. Furthermore, the photovoltaic module disassembly method provided in this application embodiment also yields an intact aluminum frame, which can be put into use after cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0029] Figure 1 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for disassembling a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for disassembling a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a drum cleaning device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for disassembling a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the transmission unit structure of a photovoltaic module disassembly device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the heating unit structure of a photovoltaic module disassembly device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the disassembly unit structure of a photovoltaic module disassembly device provided in an embodiment of this application. Embodiments of the present invention

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other. The application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0038] In this application, when numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges) are involved, unless otherwise specified, the distribution of selectable numerical values ​​within the numerical interval is considered continuous, and includes the two endpoints of the numerical interval (i.e., the minimum and maximum values), as well as every numerical value between these two endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when a numerical interval refers only to integers within that numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, as well as every integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing every integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed in this application should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, percentage, ratio, etc. The term "numerical interval" can be broadly included to include percentage intervals, ratio intervals, proportion intervals, etc.

[0039] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0040] This application provides a method for disassembling photovoltaic (PV) modules, enabling the removal of the aluminum frame from the PV module in a lighter manner with less or no damage. Before removing the aluminum frame from the PV module, the wires between adjacent PV modules are usually disconnected, and the junction boxes, power amplifiers, and other devices connected to the PV module are disassembled to obtain the PV module to be disassembled.

[0041] Figure 1 shows a flowchart illustrating a method for disassembling a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, the method for disassembling a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application includes:

[0042] S210, heating the photovoltaic module to be disassembled to a first temperature to heat at least a portion of the silicone inside the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic module into a solid powder.

[0043] In the manufacturing process of photovoltaic modules, solar cells, which convert light energy into electrical energy, are first produced. These cells are then encapsulated with glass and an encapsulating film to create a laminate that protects them from external environmental factors. Further, an aluminum frame is encapsulated around the laminate to further protect the solar cells. During the encapsulation of the aluminum frame, silicone is injected inside to firmly bond the frame to the laminate and enhance the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, given the strong silicone bond between the laminate and the aluminum frame, simply using mechanical tools for physical removal—that is, using mechanical force—can damage the glass of the laminate, and the resulting aluminum frame is easily deformed, making it unsuitable for reuse.

[0044] S210, remove the aluminum frame to disassemble the photovoltaic module, obtaining the laminate and aluminum frame.

[0045] This embodiment of the application heats the photovoltaic module so that at least a portion of the silicone inside the aluminum frame becomes a solid powder. In the solid powder state, the silicone no longer has adhesive properties, and the laminate and the aluminum frame only have a snap-fit ​​relationship. Therefore, the aluminum frame can be easily removed from the photovoltaic module by mechanical tools or manual labor. Although the manual or mechanical removal of the aluminum frame used here is also a physical method, it requires significantly less force than disassembly without heating, eliminates the need to squeeze the glass, and is less likely to damage the laminate.

[0046] This application embodiment heats the photovoltaic module before disassembling the aluminum frame, making it easy to remove with less force and significantly shortening the disassembly time. Therefore, it can improve the efficiency of disassembling photovoltaic modules.

[0047] Meanwhile, by using the photovoltaic module disassembly method provided in this application embodiment, an intact aluminum frame can be obtained, which can then be put into use after cleaning.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first temperature is 320℃-400℃, and the heating time is 10-30 minutes.

[0049] For silicone that only has adhesive properties, this application embodiment heats the photovoltaic module, causing the silicone to become a solid powder at high temperature. Since the aluminum frame itself can conduct heat, when the first temperature of heating the photovoltaic module is 320℃-400℃, heating for 10-30 minutes can cause changes in the internal properties of the silicone, such as becoming brittle and having reduced adhesive properties, thus turning the silicone into a solid powder.

[0050] In this embodiment, the silicone becomes a solid powder, which does not mean that the silicone in every location must become powder. It only requires that the silicone itself becomes a relatively brittle and solidified form, and its form can include powder, blocks, etc. In areas where the silicone is thinner, it is more likely to become powder, while in areas where the silicone is thicker, it may become solid blocks, etc.

[0051] In this embodiment, it is only necessary to ensure that the silicone inside the aluminum frame that is in contact with or close to the laminate turns into solid powder, in which case the aluminum frame can be easily removed.

[0052] This application embodiment, by limiting the heating time to 10-30 minutes, ensures that some of the silicone has turned into solid powder before it can begin to be removed from the aluminum frame, thereby improving disassembly efficiency.

[0053] It is understood that a slightly higher initial temperature or a longer heating time could also achieve the disassembly method described in this application; such implementation is, of course, within the scope of this application's embodiments. However, the initial temperature cannot exceed the melting point of aluminum in the aluminum frame.

[0054] The first temperature and corresponding heating time determined and provided in this application embodiment are the optimal values ​​obtained through multiple experiments by the inventors, in order to balance disassembly efficiency and energy consumption of heating equipment.

[0055] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG2, the method further includes the following step before step S220:

[0056] S211, preset the cooling time of the photovoltaic module, or cool it to the target temperature.

[0057] After the photovoltaic module is heated to the initial temperature, some of the silicone inside the aluminum frame turns into solid powder. At this point, cooling the photovoltaic module allows the silicone that has not yet turned into solid powder to solidify, preventing it from adhering to the solid powder and affecting the separation of the laminate from the aluminum frame.

[0058] This application embodiment ensures smooth subsequent disassembly work by cooling the heated photovoltaic module, thereby improving the disassembly completion rate of the aluminum frame.

[0059] In one example, the photovoltaic modules can be cooled to room temperature, with a target temperature of 18°C-28°C. The photovoltaic modules can be left to cool to room temperature.

[0060] In one example, the photovoltaic modules can be transferred to a cooling device for cooling. Based on the controllability of the cooling device, a preset cooling time can be set so that the photovoltaic modules reach the target temperature after being cooled by the cooling device.

[0061] In one embodiment, the method further includes: immersing the aluminum frame in a cleaning device for cleaning to remove solid powder; the cleaning device includes one or more of an ultrasonic cleaning device, a drum cleaning device, and a wind-powered cleaning device.

[0062] After the laminate and aluminum frame are removed, some solid powder adheres to the inside of the aluminum frame. In order to ensure that the aluminum frame can be recycled and reused, the disassembled aluminum frame can be cleaned to remove the solid powder.

[0063] The aluminum frame can be cleaned using one or more of the following methods:

[0064] 1) Place the aluminum frame in the cleaning chamber of the ultrasonic cleaning device. The cleaning chamber is filled with pure water. Completely submerge the aluminum frame in the pure water. Adjust the parameters to an ultrasonic frequency of 20-50kHz and an ultrasonic time of 5-15min to clean the silicone powder in the groove of the aluminum frame.

[0065] 2) As shown in Figure 3, the aluminum frame 21 is placed inside the drum 700 of the drum cleaning device. The drum 700 is driven to rotate by the roller 800, thereby causing the aluminum frame 21 inside the drum 700 to rotate. The drum speed is 10-20 rpm, so that the silicone powder falls off and removes the silicone powder inside the aluminum frame 21. The aluminum frame 21 is taken out from the outlet of the drum 700, so that the removed aluminum frame 21 can be reused in new laminates.

[0066] 3) Place the aluminum frame inside the air box of the wind-powered cleaning device and introduce air at a flow rate of 10-100 m³ / h to blow away the silica gel powder inside the aluminum frame. The wind-powered cleaning device may also include exhaust gas treatment and powder collection functions.

[0067] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the method for disassembling the photovoltaic module further includes:

[0068] S230, heat the laminate to a second temperature to carbonize the adhesive film in the laminate.

[0069] The laminate includes solar cells and encapsulation glass, which are bonded together by an adhesive film. This adhesive film can be EVA (Polyethylene vinylacetate) film, POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) film, or EPE (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) film, etc.

[0070] In this embodiment, the laminate is heated to a second temperature, causing the adhesive film between the battery cell and the encapsulation glass to carbonize and lose its adhesive properties. This facilitates the separation of the glass and the battery cell.

[0071] S240 sequentially extracts the glass, solder strips, and battery cells from the laminate.

[0072] When the adhesive film is carbonized at high temperature, the glass, welding strip and battery cell can be picked up or extracted at the same time by a robotic arm, thus achieving disassembly.

[0073] The disassembly method provided in this application is easy and efficient in removing laminates without damaging the glass, allowing the glass to be reused.

[0074] In one embodiment, the second temperature is 400-500°C, and the heating time is 10-20 minutes.

[0075] Heating the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic module to a first temperature and heating the laminate to a second temperature can both be carried out in the same heating chamber.

[0076] After removing the aluminum frame, the extracted laminate is transferred to the heating chamber, where the temperature is further increased to a second temperature. This reduces the preheating time required in the heating chamber, saving equipment costs and improving disassembly efficiency.

[0077] This embodiment of the application ensures that the adhesive film is completely carbonized by heating it at a preset second temperature for a limited heating time, making it ready for disassembly, while avoiding the reduction in efficiency caused by prolonged heating.

[0078] Meanwhile, the robotic arm for disassembling the aluminum frame can be shared with the robotic arm for disassembling the glass and battery cells in the laminate, which can further save equipment costs while improving disassembly efficiency.

[0079] This application provides a dismantling device for a photovoltaic module 200, as shown in Figures 5 to 7. The dismantling device includes a conveying unit, a heating unit, and a dismantling unit.

[0080] The transmission unit includes multiple transmission layers 100 arranged sequentially from top to bottom, with at least one photovoltaic module 200 to be disassembled stacked on each transmission layer 100.

[0081] The heating unit includes a heating chamber 41, the size of which is adapted to the size of the conveying unit so that the conveying unit conveys the photovoltaic module 200 to the heating chamber 41.

[0082] The disassembly unit includes a disassembly device 500, which includes a clamping part 53 and a moving part 52. The clamping part 53 is used to clamp the aluminum frame 21 in the photovoltaic module 200, and the moving part 52 is used to drive the clamping part 53 to move.

[0083] The conveying unit conveys the photovoltaic module 200 to the heating chamber 41, and the conveying continues after heating is completed. At the position where the disassembly unit is located, the clamping part 53 of the control disassembly device 500 clamps the aluminum frame 21 to remove the laminate and the aluminum frame 21.

[0084] The clamping part 53 can employ various structures or methods of clamping that are now or in the future known to those skilled in the art, as long as it can clamp the aluminum frame 21, which will not be described in detail here.

[0085] When the clamping part 53 clamps the aluminum frame 21 on one side, the laminate can be fixed by other fixing devices to facilitate the removal of the clamped aluminum frame 21.

[0086] The moving part 52 is mechanically connected to the clamping part 53, and may include various connecting parts to allow the moving part 52 to easily move the clamping part 53 toward and / or away from the transfer layer 100. When the clamping part 53 moves away from the transfer layer 100, it moves the aluminum frame 21 away, thereby achieving the separation of the laminate from the aluminum frame 21.

[0087] The moving part 52 can be clamped using various structures or methods known now and in the future to those skilled in the art, as long as it can drive the clamping part 53 to move, which will not be described in detail here.

[0088] In one embodiment, the disassembly unit includes at least two disassembly devices 500 disposed opposite to each other on opposite sides of the conveying unit.

[0089] As shown in Figure 7, in this embodiment of the application, disassembly devices 500 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the transfer layer 100, so that the clamping parts 53 of the disassembly devices 500 on both sides jointly clamp the aluminum frame 21. Without the need for a fixing device to fix the aluminum frame 21, the aluminum frame 21 and the laminate can be separated, and the separation of the aluminum frames 21 on both sides can be completed within a time period, thereby improving the disassembly efficiency.

[0090] In one example, the aluminum frame 21 surrounding the photovoltaic module 200 includes two aluminum frames 21, each of which is a right-angled aluminum frame 21, covering two sides of the laminate. Therefore, during disassembly, the entire aluminum frame 21 of the photovoltaic module 200 can be disassembled using the two disassembly devices 500 on both sides.

[0091] In one example, the aluminum frame 21 surrounding the photovoltaic module 200 includes four strip-shaped aluminum frames 21, two long-side aluminum frames 21, and two short-side aluminum frames 21. After removing the two long-side aluminum frames 21 using the disassembly devices 500 on opposite sides, the photovoltaic module 200 is then rotated, and the two short-side aluminum frames 21 are removed using the disassembly devices 500 to complete the removal of all aluminum frames 21 of the photovoltaic module 200. In this case, the clamping part 53 of the disassembly device 500 can be moved to different positions to adapt to the positions when disassembling the long-side aluminum frames 21 and the short-side aluminum frames 21, respectively.

[0092] In one example, the aluminum frame 21 surrounding the photovoltaic module 200 includes four strip-shaped aluminum frames 21, two long-side aluminum frames 21, and two short-side aluminum frames 21. After the two long-side aluminum frames 21 are disassembled using the first disassembly devices 500 on opposite sides, the photovoltaic module 200 continues to be conveyed forward and rotates 90° during the conveying process, so that the two short-side aluminum frames 21 are brought close to the side of the conveying layer 100. Then, the two short-side aluminum frames 21 are disassembled by the second disassembly device 500 at the next position, thus completing the disassembly of all aluminum frames 21 of the photovoltaic module 200. Both the first and second disassembly devices 500 are configured to be adapted to the dimensions of the short-side aluminum frames 21 and the long-side aluminum frames 21, so that the clamping part 53 of the first disassembly device 500 clamps the long-side aluminum frames 21 at a preset position; and the clamping part 53 of the second disassembly device 500 clamps the end-side aluminum frames 21 at a preset position.

[0093] In one embodiment, a moving part 52 is provided with a plurality of clamping parts 53, and the plurality of clamping parts 53 are respectively provided with a plurality of transfer layers 100; after the plurality of clamping parts 53 clamp the aluminum frame 21 corresponding to the transfer layer 100, the moving part 52 drives the plurality of clamping parts 53 to move.

[0094] Multiple clamping parts 53 move simultaneously toward the aluminum frame 21 in multiple conveying layers 100. While clamping the corresponding aluminum frame 21, the moving part 52 is controlled to move, carrying multiple aluminum frames 21 away from the conveying layer 100 in a one-to-many manner. This can improve control efficiency and save energy; it also improves the feasibility and scientific promotion of recycling the aluminum frame 21.

[0095] In one embodiment, the movement of the moving part 52 includes rotation or translation.

[0096] Rotation can include 90° rotation, 180° rotation, etc., as long as the aluminum frame 21 is removed from the transfer layer 100.

[0097] Translation can be performed perpendicular to the transmission layer 100, or it can be performed at a certain angle to the transmission layer 100.

[0098] In some other examples, it may also include raising or lowering to move the aluminum frame 21 toward a position away from the transport layer 100.

[0099] In one embodiment, it further includes an ultrasonic cleaning device, a drum cleaning device, and / or a wind-powered cleaning device; the positions of the ultrasonic cleaning device, the drum cleaning device, and / or the wind-powered cleaning device are adapted to the position of the moving part 52.

[0100] After the moving part 52 moves the aluminum frame 21 away from the conveyor layer 100, the aluminum frame 21 is placed into the next process for processing, namely, cleaning the aluminum frame 21. The aluminum frame 21 can be cleaned in one step using one method, or multiple methods can be combined for multiple cleanings to ensure the cleanliness of the aluminum frame 21.

[0101] The positions of the ultrasonic cleaning device, the drum cleaning device, and / or the air cleaning device are adapted to the position of the moving part 52, so that the moving part 52 can drive the aluminum frame 21 into the cleaning device, reducing further transmission and thus improving the recycling efficiency of the aluminum frame 21.

[0102] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0103] For ease of description, directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right," "horizontal, vertical, horizontal," and "top, bottom" generally indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner or outer contours relative to the components themselves. For example, if a device in the drawings is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures will subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0104] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0105] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0106] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0107] It should also be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," or "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this application.

[0108] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0109] It should also be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made using the content of this application’s specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method of disassembling a photovoltaic module, characterized by, include: The photovoltaic module to be disassembled is heated to a first temperature to heat at least a portion of the silicone inside the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic module into a solid powder. The aluminum frame is removed to disassemble the photovoltaic module, resulting in a laminate and the aluminum frame.

2. The disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first temperature is 320℃-400℃, and the heating time is 10-30min.

3. The disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first temperature is lower than the melting point of aluminum.

4. The disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Cut the wires between adjacent photovoltaic modules and disassemble the junction box and / or power amplifier connected in the photovoltaic module to obtain the photovoltaic module to be disassembled.

5. The disassembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of removing the aluminum frame to disassemble the photovoltaic module and obtain the laminate and the aluminum frame includes, prior to: The photovoltaic module is cooled for a preset time or cooled to a target temperature.

6. The disassembly method according to claim 5, characterized in that The target temperature is 18℃-28℃.

7. The disassembly method of claim 1, wherein At least a portion of the silicone inside the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic module is heated into a solid powder, wherein the solid powder silicone does not have adhesive properties, and the laminate and the aluminum frame are interlocked.

8. The disassembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The aluminum frame is placed in a cleaning device to remove the solid powder; the cleaning device includes one or more of an ultrasonic cleaning device, a drum cleaning device, and a wind-powered cleaning device.

9. The disassembly method of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The laminate is heated to a second temperature to carbonize the adhesive film in the laminate. The glass, solder strips, and battery cells in the laminate are extracted in sequence.

10. The disassembly method of claim 1, wherein Heating the laminate to a second temperature to carbonize the adhesive film in the laminate includes: the second temperature is 400 500 °C, heating time 10 20 minutes.

11. A disassembly apparatus for a photovoltaic module, characterized by include: A transmission unit comprising multiple transmission layers arranged sequentially from top to bottom, wherein at least one photovoltaic module to be disassembled is stacked on each transmission layer; A heating unit includes a heating chamber, the size of which is adapted to the size of the conveying unit so that the conveying unit conveys the photovoltaic module to the heating chamber; The disassembly unit includes a disassembly device, which includes a clamping part and a moving part. The clamping part is used to clamp the aluminum frame in the photovoltaic module, and the moving part is used to drive the clamping part to move.

12. The disassembly apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that Multiple of the aforementioned transfer layers are disposed within the heating chamber.

13. The disassembly apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that The disassembly unit includes at least two disassembly devices arranged opposite each other, with the two disassembly devices located on opposite sides of the conveying unit.

14. The disassembly apparatus according to claim 11 or 13, characterized in that A moving part is provided with a plurality of clamping parts, and the plurality of clamping parts are respectively provided with a plurality of conveying layers; after the plurality of clamping parts clamp the aluminum frame corresponding to the conveying layer, the moving part drives the plurality of clamping parts to move.

15. The disassembly apparatus according to claim 11 or 13, characterized in that The movement of the moving part includes rotation or translation.

16. The disassembly apparatus according to claim 11 or 13, characterized in that After the two opposing disassembly devices clamp the aluminum frame, they move in opposite directions.

17. The disassembly apparatus of claim 11, wherein It also includes a cooling device for cooling the photovoltaic module to a second temperature.

18. The disassembly apparatus of claim 13, wherein It also includes a rotating device for rotating the photovoltaic module in the transport layer from 90° to 360°.

19. The disassembly apparatus of claim 18, wherein The first and second positions of the transmission unit are respectively equipped with two opposite disassembly devices; At the first position, two opposing first disassembly devices clamp the opposite sides of the photovoltaic module, completing the disassembly of the two long-side aluminum frames; the photovoltaic module continues to be conveyed forward and rotates 90° during the conveying process, and at the second position, two opposing second disassembly devices clamp the opposite sides of the photovoltaic module, completing the disassembly of the two short-side aluminum frames.

20. The disassembly apparatus of claim 11, wherein, It also includes an ultrasonic cleaning device, a drum cleaning device, and / or a wind-powered cleaning device; the positions of the ultrasonic cleaning device, the drum cleaning device, and / or the wind-powered cleaning device are adapted to the position of the moving part.

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