Card clothing for a revolving flat of a card

Abstract

The invention relates to a card clothing (20) for a card (1), and to a card (1). The card clothing (20) has a working direction (16), a foundation (21) and a plurality of clothing tips (26). The clothing tips (26) are formed from U-shaped wire hooks (22) which are pierced through the foundation (21) at a penetration angle (α) and each have limbs (24) forming two clothing tips (26) and a back (23) connecting the two limbs (24). The backs (23) are at a right angle to the working direction (16). The backs (23) form a base plane (29) on a side of the foundation (21) lying opposite the clothing tips (26). The wire hooks (22) have a total height (a) perpendicular to the base plane (29), and the limbs (24) each have a free limb length (c) perpendicular to the base plane (29) protruding from an exit point (27) out of the foundation (21) to the clothing tip (26). The limbs (24) are bent counter to the working direction (16) by a knee angle (β) at a knee height (b) from the clothing tip (26) and perpendicular to the base plane (29). Furthermore, a setting line (28) running perpendicularly to the base line (29) and through the exit point (27) of the respective limb (24) is determined. The clothing tips (26) are arranged on the setting line (28) or by a tip offset (d) away from the setting line (28) in the working direction (16).

Description

[0001] Set for a hiking cover of a teasel

[0002] The invention relates to a set for a traveling cover of a teasel and to a teasel with this set.

[0003] In spinning mill preparation plants, cards are used, which contain various working elements for cleaning, sorting, opening, carding, etc., the fiber material to be processed. A wide variety of fiber types are processed, including cotton fibers, synthetic fibers, and blends thereof. The fiber material to be processed is fed to a drum in the form of fiber flakes via a feeder and a subsequent pre-tearer. The processed fiber material is removed from the drum as a fiber web and often fed to a sliver forming unit. In the sliver forming unit, a fiber sliver is formed from the fiber web and placed in so-called cans for further processing.

[0004] In a carding machine, the cover section, together with the drum, forms the main carding zone. Its functions include breaking down the flakes into individual fibers, removing impurities and dust, eliminating very short fibers, dissolving nits, and aligning the fibers. Depending on the application, fixed covers, moving covers, or a combination of both are used. A carding machine using moving covers or a combination of both is called a moving-cover carding machine. The fibers are guided past the moving covers and their assemblies by the drum. The direction of rotation of the drum thus determines the working direction of the moving cover assemblies, which corresponds to the drum's rotation and therefore the direction of fiber transport. A narrow gap, called the carding gap, forms between the cover assemblies and the drum's assemblies.This is achieved when using moving decks, where the decks, guided by arc-shaped bars – so-called flexible bars, regulating bars, flex bars, or sliding bars – are moved along the circumference of the drum at intervals determined by these bars. The carding gap size of a moving deck card ranges from 0.10 to 0.30 mm for cotton or up to 0.40 mm for synthetic fibers. Such a moving deck has an accuracy of 0.05 mm in height and flatness with respect to the deck surface formed by the tips of the wire hooks. Even a slight change in the arrangement of the wire hooks in the moving deck due to changing operating conditions affects the carding gap and thus the performance of the card.

[0005] Various designs of hardware components are known from the prior art, formed by a multitude of wire hooks held in foundations. For example, CH 699275 B1 and CN 201 433261 Y disclose specific dimensions for the geometry of shaped wire hooks and their installation angles in the foundation. JP H07 189042 A and DE 102007037 055 A1 also disclose designs of wire hooks commonly used today. Furthermore, EP 1 411 157 A1 and EP 1 227 179 A1 show embodiments of hardware components with wire hooks, focusing primarily on the designs and manufacturing methods of the hardware components formed by the wire hooks.

[0006] High production output or the processing of coarse or heavily contaminated fiber material, for example, due to mechanized harvesting methods, places a high load on the individual wire hooks in the carding gap. The individual wire hooks of the set are subjected to such high stress that they bend in the working direction. Due to the arrangement of the wire hooks in the foundation, the bending center of the wire hooks is located directly above the foundation at the point where the wire hooks emerge from it. The geometries of the wire hooks known according to the prior art, and the associated arrangement of the wire hooks in the foundation, have the disadvantage that operational deformation of the wire hooks leads to an increase in the overall height of the set.The wire hooks are bent around the exit point in the working direction, causing the carding head tips to move away from the base due to the hook-like shape of the wire hooks. This narrows or completely closes the carding gap. Because the carding gap is less than 0.15 mm or even only 0.10 mm, even slight deformation of the wire hooks, within the plastic range, poses a risk of the carding head assembly coming into contact with the drum assembly. Consequently, the possibilities for adjusting the carding gap with current carding head assemblies are limited depending on the production height and the fiber being processed, as a reduction in the carding gap due to potential deformation of the wire hooks within the assemblies must be taken into account.

[0007] The object of the invention is therefore to create a generic assembly which avoids an increase in the expansion of the assembly in the direction of the carding gap due to operational deformation of the wire hooks of the assembly.

[0008] This problem is solved by the features of the independent claim. A set is described, comprising a working direction, a foundation, and a plurality of set points. These points are formed from U-shaped wire hooks, each with legs forming two set points and a back connecting the two legs, which are inserted through the foundation at an angle. The backs are arranged at right angles to the working direction, and a base plane is formed by the backs on a side of the foundation opposite the set points. The wire hooks have a total height perpendicular to the base plane, and each leg has a free leg length projecting perpendicular to the base plane from an exit point in the foundation and leading to the set point.The legs are bent at a knee angle against the working direction at a knee height extending from the end of the tool and perpendicular to the base plane. A setting line is also defined, running perpendicular to the base line and through the point where each leg exits the base. The tool ends are positioned on the setting line or offset from it in the working direction by a point offset.

[0009] The assembly consists of wire hooks inserted into the foundation at an angle. The wire hooks are pushed through the foundation at this angle. The prongs pierce the foundation and exit at the exit point on the side of the foundation opposite the back of the hook. The backs of numerous wire hooks, now resting against the foundation, form the base plane. The exit point is defined by the intersection of the centerline of each prong of the wire hook with a surface of the foundation opposite the back of the hook. By referencing the centerline of a wire used to form the wire hook, the exit point can be determined independently of the cross-section of the wire.The points where each leg of the wire hook emerges define a setting line perpendicular to the base plane and passing through each point of emergence. Each leg of the wire hook is thus assigned a setting line. The wire hooks are designed as double hooks, with one wire bent into a U-shape and the parallel legs forming two set points. After insertion, the legs protruding from the foundation are bent at the knee angle, and the set points are ground to the required shape. Due to the bend incorporated into the legs, the set points point against the direction of work. The foundation serves as a substrate and typically consists of several layers of material, which may be made of cotton and an elastomer top layer, bonded together with a binder.The fibers, brought towards the anchor points in the working direction, cause an elastic deformation of the wire hooks, which is largely absorbed and returned to their original position by a deformation of the foundation. However, in the case of overload, for example due to heavily contaminated fiber material, a high fiber quantity, or coarse fibers, plastic deformation of the wire hooks themselves is also possible; that is, the legs of the wire hooks are bent, with the bending occurring around the point where they exit the foundation. Because the anchor points, due to their geometric shape and their arrangement in the foundation, are positioned on or behind the setting line in the working direction, any movement of the anchor points resulting from the bending process always occurs against the foundation.This defined movement reduces the overall height of the wire hooks and eliminates the risk of the set increasing in size due to operational deformation of the wire hooks. Advantageously, the knee height is less than half the free leg length. A smaller knee height makes the wire hook, or rather its respective leg, more stable in shape. When the set tip is loaded, the knee does not bend open, and the knee angle is maintained. The leg is plastically deformed around the exit point while retaining its shape. A greater knee height would counteract any plastic deformation that occurs during the movement of the set tip towards the foundation by opening the knee angle. A greater knee height also necessitates a smaller insertion angle to position the set tip behind the setting line, either in or in the direction of work.

[0010] Advantageously, the tip offset is 0.0 mm to 1.0 mm. A larger tip offset would require a smaller insertion angle to achieve the necessary overall height of the wire hooks. However, this would lead to reduced elastic deformability of the foundation and thus to increased plastic deformation of the wire hooks. Limiting the maximum tip offset ensures high stability and shape retention of the assembly. Preferably, the tip offset should be in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. This allows the geometry of the wire hooks to be achieved with the shortest possible free leg length and a knee angle that results in optimal alignment of the assembly tip against the working direction. It has been shown that a tip offset of 0.1 mm enables optimal geometry of the wire hooks.

[0011] Advantageously, the insertion angle formed between the base plane and the legs is 65 to 75 degrees. This results in good operational behavior of the drill bit assembly with elastic deformation corresponding to the foundation's design, in response to the fibers being guided towards the assembly tips in the working direction. By widening the insertion angle to a range of 65 to 75 degrees, the knee height and, consequently, the knee angle can be varied and adapted to the specific requirements of the drill bit assembly. An insertion angle of 70 degrees is particularly preferable, as has proven effective in drill bit assemblies currently in use. Advantageously, the knee angle is 30 to 50 degrees. If the knee angle is too small, it is not possible to align the drill bit tip against the working direction.If the knee angle is too large, the end of the tool is tilted so far against the direction of work that fibers being processed are aggressively attacked, resulting in fiber damage. Furthermore, the fibers are pulled too strongly into the tool, i.e., directed too much from the end towards the foundation. A knee angle of 40 degrees is particularly preferable.

[0012] The foundation should ideally have a thickness of 2.5 mm to 4.0 mm. As the thickness of the foundation increases, its elasticity decreases, which directly affects the behavior of the wire hooks held within it. If the foundation is too thick, it becomes so rigid that elastic deformation of the wire hooks is restricted, and even under light loads, the legs of the wire hooks will deform plastically. If the foundation is too thin, the wire hooks will no longer be held securely, even under light loads.

[0013] Preferably, the overall height of the wire hooks is 6.5 mm to 9.0 mm and the knee height is 1.5 mm to 3.5 mm. The specified dimensions for the overall height and knee height of the wire hooks are based on experience. The chosen geometry allows for a balance between the necessary rigidity and the desired flexibility of the wire hook legs.

[0014] The overall height of the wire hooks is particularly preferred at 8.0 mm and the knee height at 1.9 mm. It has been shown that this combination, with the hook tips oriented against the working direction and a certain stiffness in the wire hook legs, ensures ideal operating behavior of the set.

[0015] Furthermore, a carding machine for processing fibers is proposed. The carding machine comprises a drum, a feed and discharge system, and a moving plate assembly formed from a plurality of moving plates. The moving plates are equipped with a set of teeth as described above, the working direction of which corresponds to the drum's direction of rotation. By installing the set of teeth according to the invention, a smaller carding gap can be set on the carding machine, as there is no risk of collisions between the drum set and the moving plate set due to deformation of the wire hooks.

[0016] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. They show:

[0017] Figure 1 shows a schematic simplified representation of a teasel according to the state of the art;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic simplified representation of detail A according to Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic simplified representation of a set according to the prior art;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic simplified sectional view at location XX according to Figure 3;

[0020] Figure 5 shows a schematic simplified representation of a first embodiment of a set according to the invention;

[0021] Figure 6 shows a schematic simplified representation of a second embodiment of a set according to the invention and

[0022] Figure 7 shows a schematic simplified representation of a third embodiment of a set according to the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 shows a schematic, simplified representation of a carding machine 1 according to the prior art. The fiber flakes 3 fed to the carding machine 1 are transported from left to right and are thereby cleaned, aligned, and separated into individual fibers. The fiber flakes 3 pass via a filling chute 2 to a fiber feeding device 4 and are transferred from there to a pre-tearer 5. From the pre-tearer 5, the fiber flakes 3 pass onto a drum 6 and are transported further by a drum assembly 7 located on the drum 6 in a drum rotation direction 8. The fibers are further processed by cleaning elements 11 and carding elements 12 arranged between the drum 6 and a schematically depicted traveling cover assembly 9, as well as around the circumference of the drum 6. The aforementioned traveling cover assembly 9 has a plurality of working elements in the form of traveling covers 10, of which only some traveling covers 10 are shown schematically in Figure 1.Today's commonly used moving cover assemblies 9 comprise several closely spaced moving covers 10 that rotate. For this purpose, the moving covers 10 are supported near their respective end faces by endless belts and moved against or with the direction of drum rotation 8, and held on corresponding guide elements (not shown). The processed fibers are then taken from the drum 6 by a fiber take-off system 13 in the form of a fiber web and transferred to a tape forming unit 14, where the fiber web is compacted into a fiber tape 15 and transferred to a fiber tape storage area (not shown).

[0024] Figure 2 shows a schematic simplified representation of detail A according to Figure 1. A traveling cover 10 is shown arranged above the drum 6. The traveling cover 10 consists of a cover rod 18 and a set 20. The set 20 is held on the cover rod 18 by set clips 19. The set 20 is formed from a base 21 and a plurality of wire hooks 22 held in the base 21. The set 20 has a plurality of set points 26 formed by the wire hooks 22. The set points 26 are directed towards a drum set 7 located on the drum 6. The traveling covers 10 are guided at close intervals along a drum surface formed by the drum set 7 by the guide elements (not shown). A carding gap 17 is formed between the set tips 26 of the set 20 of the traveling cover 10 and the drum set 7.The fibers are guided past the traveling cover 10 in a drum rotation direction 8 by the drum set attached to the drum 6, resulting in a working direction 16 for the traveling cover 10 and the set 20 located on it corresponding to the drum rotation direction 8.

[0025] Figure 3 shows a schematic simplified representation of a prior art assembly 20, and Figure 4 shows a sectional view at position XX according to Figure 3. The assembly 20 is formed by a foundation 21 with a thickness e and a plurality of wire hooks 22, which are held in the foundation 21. The wire hooks 22 are each U-shaped and have a back 23 and two legs 24. The legs 24 are inserted into the foundation 21 at an angle α. At their ends opposite the back 23, the legs 24 each form an assembly point 26. The backs 23 of the wire hooks 22, arranged on a side of the foundation 21 opposite the assembly points 26, form a base plane 29. The wire hooks 22 have a total height a, where the total height a is given by a distance perpendicular to the base plane 29 from the base plane 29 to the fitting tip 26.The inclination at which the legs 24 of the wire hooks 22 penetrate the foundation 21 is the insertion angle a. The legs 24 have a knee 25 at a knee height b perpendicular to the base plane 29. To form the knee 25, the legs 24 are each bent at knee height b by a knee angle β against a working direction 16. The legs 24 pierce the foundation 21 at an exit point 27 on a side of the foundation 21 opposite the back 23. The exit point 27 is defined by the intersection of a wire centerline 31 with a surface 32 of the foundation 21 opposite the back 23. Furthermore, the legs 24 have a free leg length c, which results from the distance perpendicular to the base plane 29 from the attachment tip 26 to the exit point 27.The position of the exit point 27 and the base plane 29 determines a setting line 28 that is perpendicular to the base plane 29 and passes through the exit point 27. Because the fitting tip 26 is located in front of the setting line 28 when viewed in the working direction 16, a movement 30 of the fitting tip 26 occurs when the legs 24 are deformed in the working direction 16, such that the overall height a of the wire hooks 22 increases.

[0026] Figure 5 shows a schematic simplified representation of a first embodiment of an assembly 20 according to the invention. The assembly 20 is formed by a foundation 21 with a thickness e and a plurality of wire hooks 22, which are held in the foundation 21. The wire hooks 22 have a back 23 and two legs 24. The legs 24 are guided through the foundation 21 at an angle of insertion α. ​​The legs 24 each form an assembly point 26 at their end opposite the back 23. The backs 23 of the wire hooks 22, arranged on a side of the foundation 21 opposite the assembly points 26, form a base plane 29. The wire hooks 22 have a total height α, wherein the total height α is determined by a distance perpendicular to the base plane 29 from the base plane 29 to the assembly point 26. The inclination at which the legs 24 of the wire hooks 22 penetrate the foundation 21 is the insertion angle a.The legs 24 have a knee 25 at a knee height b perpendicular to the base plane 29. To form the knee 25, the legs 24 are each bent at knee height b by a knee angle β against a working direction 16. The legs 24 penetrate the foundation 21 at an exit point 27 on a side of the foundation 21 opposite the back 23. The exit point 27 is defined by the intersection of a wire centerline 31 with a surface 32 of the foundation 21 opposite the back 23. Furthermore, the legs 24 have a free leg length c, which is determined by a distance perpendicular to the base plane 29 from the attachment tip 26 to the exit point 27. A setting line 28, perpendicular to the base plane 29 and leading through the exit point 27, is determined by the position of the exit point 27 and the base plane 29.Because the fitting tip 26 is arranged in the setting line 28 when viewed in the working direction 16, a movement 30 of the fitting tip 26 results when the legs 24 are deformed in the working direction 16 such that the total height a of the wire hooks 22 is reduced.

[0027] Figure 6 shows a schematic simplified representation of a second embodiment of a set 20 according to the invention. The set 20 shown has the same elements as the set 20 in Figure 5, therefore a repetition of the description of these elements is omitted. In contrast to the set 20 in Figure 5, the wire hooks 22 are inserted through the foundation 21 at a smaller insertion angle α. This results in the set tips 26 being arranged, viewed in the working direction 16, by a tip offset d behind the setting line 28. Consequently, the movement 30 of the set tips 26 towards the foundation 21 is steeper than in the first embodiment according to Figure 5.

[0028] Figure 7 shows a schematic simplified representation of a third embodiment of a set 20 according to the invention. The illustrated set 20 has the same elements as the set in Figure 5, therefore a repetition of the description of these elements is omitted. In contrast to the set 20 in Figure 5, the wire hooks 22 are inserted through the foundation 21 at a smaller insertion angle α and are provided with a greater knee height β in their design. In the illustrated embodiment, the set tips 26 are arranged in the setting line 28 when viewed in the working direction 16. Consequently, in the illustrated third embodiment as well, the movement 30 of the set tips 26 leads to a reduction in the overall height α of the wire hooks 22 when the legs 24 are deformed.

[0029] legend

[0030] 1 teasel

[0031] 2 filling shafts

[0032] 3 fiber flakes

[0033] 4 Fiber feeder

[0034] 5 frontrunners

[0035] 6 drum

[0036] 7 drum set

[0037] 8 Drum rotation direction

[0038] 9 Traveling lid assembly

[0039] 10 hiking mats

[0040] 11 Cleaning element

[0041] 12 carding elements

[0042] 13 Fiber pickup system

[0043] 14 Band formation unit

[0044] 15 fiber tape

[0045] 16 Working direction

[0046] 17 Carding gap

[0047] 18 lid rod

[0048] 19 Set clip

[0049] 20 sets

[0050] 21 Foundation

[0051] 22 wire hooks

[0052] 23 Back 24 Thighs

[0053] 25 knees

[0054] 26 top set

[0055] 27 Exit point

[0056] 28 Setting line

[0057] 29 Base level

[0058] 30 Movement

[0059] 31 Wire centerline

[0060] 32 surface

[0061] a Total height of wire hooks b Knee height of wire hooks c Free leg length

[0062] d peak offset

[0063] Thick foundation

[0064] a insertion angle

[0065] β knee angle

Claims

Patent claims 1. Set (20) with a working direction (16) and with a foundation (21) and with a plurality of set tips (26), which are formed from U-shaped wire hooks (22) pierced through the foundation (21) at an angle (a), each with legs (24) forming two set tips (26) and a back (23) connecting the two legs (24), wherein the backs (23) are arranged at a right angle to the working direction (16) and a base plane (29) is formed by the backs (23) on a side of the foundation (21) opposite the set tips (26), and wherein the wire hooks (22) have a total height (a) formed perpendicular to the base plane (29) and the legs (24) each have a height (a) formed perpendicular to the base plane (29) projecting from an exit point (27) from the foundation (21) and extending towards The free leg length (c) leading to the garment tip (26)and wherein the legs (24) are bent at a knee angle (β) at a knee height (b) extending from the end of the fitting (26) and arranged perpendicular to the base plane (29) against the working direction (16), and wherein a setting line (28) is defined perpendicular to the base line (29) and through the exit point (27) of the respective leg (24), characterized in that the ends of the fitting (26) are arranged on the setting line (28) or offset (d) by a point in the working direction (16) from the setting line (28).

2. Set (20) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the knee height (b) is less than half the free leg length (c).

3. Set (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tip offset (d) is 0.0 mm to 1.0 mm.

4. Set (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tip offset (d) is 0.1 mm.

5. Set (20) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the insertion angle (a) formed between the base plane (29) and the legs (24) is 65 to 75 degrees.

6. Set (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the knee angle (β) is 30 to 50 degrees.

7. Set (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foundation (21) has a thickness (e) of 2.5 mm to 4.0 mm.

8. Set (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total height (a) of the wire hooks (22) is 6.5 mm to 9.0 mm and the knee height (b) is 1.5 mm to 3.5 mm.

9. Set (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total height (a) of the wire hooks (22) is 8.0 mm and the knee height (b) is 1.9 mm.

10. Carding machine (1) for processing fiber flakes (3), wherein the carding machine (1) comprises a drum (6) and a fiber feeding device (4) and a fiber take-off system (13) and a moving cover assembly (9) formed from a plurality of moving covers (10), characterized in that the moving covers (10) are provided with a set (20) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a working direction (16) of the set (20) corresponds to a drum rotation direction (8).

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