Data transmission methods, apparatus, communication device and communication system

Abstract

Disclosed are data transmission methods, an apparatus, a communication device and a communication system. A method comprises: receiving an Internet Protocol (IP) packet sent by a second network device; on the basis of first information and / or payload of the IP packet, determining an SRI-IP packet, the first information being information added by a first network device; and sending the SRI-IP packet to a third network device. In the present disclosure, on the basis of characteristics of transmission between two network devices in the SRI interface, a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface is defined, such that a more simplified encapsulation method of encapsulating a received IP packet into an SRI-IP packet is used; and the SRI-IP packet is transmitted by means of a direct-connection interface, i.e., an SRI interface, between the two network devices. Thus, a received IP packet only needs to be encapsulated once, thus reducing unnecessary addition of protocol layer header information and control information, and reducing data overhead; in addition, cross-layer transmission is avoided, such that data packets can be transmitted in a more direct and efficient manner in networks.

Description

Data transmission method and apparatus, communication device, and communication system

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411677296.0, filed on November 21, 2024, entitled "Data transmission method and apparatus, communication device, and communication system", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a data transmission method, apparatus, communication device, and communication system. BACKGROUND

[0004] With the continuous development of base station technology, NR NTN (NR (New Radio) Non-Terrestrial Network, 5G (5th-Generation Mobile Communication Technology) intelligent terminal access) will define renewable modes, which has been clearly defined. However, although the framework of the SRI (Satellite Radio Interface) interface protocol stack is provided in the relevant protocol, the protocol function has not been defined. Therefore, it is necessary to define the protocol function of the SRI interface protocol stack. SUMMARY

[0005] The present disclosure provides a data transmission method, apparatus, communication device, and communication system.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a data transmission method is provided, applied to a first network device, comprising:

[0007] receiving an Internet Protocol (IP) packet sent by a second network device; and

[0008] determining a Satellite Radio Interface-Internet Protocol (SRI-IP) packet according to first information and / or a payload of the IP packet, wherein the first information is information attached by the first network device; and

[0009] sending the SRI-IP packet to a third network device.

[0010] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a data transmission method is provided, applied to a third network device, comprising:

[0011] receive an SRI-IP packet sent by the first network device; wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the first network device based on first information and / or a payload of an IP packet sent by a second network device and received by the first network device, the first information being information attached by the first network device; and

[0012] determine a satellite-internet protocol, S-IP, packet according to second information and / or a payload of the SRI-IP packet; wherein the second information is information attached by the third network device; and

[0013] send the S-IP packet to a fourth network device.

[0014] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a data transmission method applied to a third network device is provided, comprising:

[0015] receive an S-IP packet sent by a fourth network device; and

[0016] determine an SRI-IP packet according to third information and / or a payload of the S-IP packet; wherein the third information is information attached by the third network device; and

[0017] send the SRI-IP packet to a first network device.

[0018] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a data transmission method applied to a first network device is provided, comprising:

[0019] receive an SRI-IP packet sent by a third network device; wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the third network device based on third information and / or a payload of an S-IP packet sent by a fourth network device and received by the third network device, the third information being information attached by the third network device; and

[0020] determine an IP packet according to fourth information and / or a payload of the SRI-IP packet; wherein the fourth information is information attached by the first network device; and

[0021] send the IP packet to a second network device.

[0022] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a data transmission apparatus applied to a first network device is provided, comprising:

[0023] a transceiver, configured to receive an internet protocol, IP, packet sent by a second network device; and

[0024] a processing module, configured to determine a satellite radio link interface-internet protocol, SRI-IP, packet according to first information and / or a payload of the IP packet; wherein the first information is information attached by the first network device.

[0025] The transceiver module is further configured to send the SRI-IP packet to a third network device.

[0026] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a data transmission apparatus is provided, which is applied to a third network device and includes:

[0027] a transceiver module configured to receive an SRI-IP packet sent by a first network device, wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the first network device based on first information and / or a payload of an IP packet sent by a second network device, and the first information is information attached by the first network device; and

[0028] a processing module configured to determine a satellite-internet protocol (S-IP) packet based on second information and / or a payload of the SRI-IP packet, wherein the second information is information attached by the third network device; and

[0029] The transceiver module is further configured to send the S-IP packet to a fourth network device.

[0030] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a data transmission apparatus is provided, which is applied to a third network device and includes:

[0031] a transceiver module configured to receive an S-IP packet sent by a fourth network device; and

[0032] a processing module configured to determine an SRI-IP packet based on third information and / or a payload of the S-IP packet, wherein the third information is information attached by the third network device; and

[0033] The transceiver module is further configured to send the SRI-IP packet to a first network device.

[0034] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a data transmission apparatus is provided, which is applied to a first network device and includes:

[0035] a transceiver module configured to receive an SRI-IP packet sent by a third network device, wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the third network device based on third information and / or a payload of an S-IP packet sent by a fourth network device, and the third information is information attached by the third network device; and

[0036] a processing module configured to determine an IP packet based on fourth information and / or a payload of the SRI-IP packet, wherein the fourth information is information attached by the first network device; and

[0037] The transceiver module is further configured to send the IP packet to a second network device.

[0038] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories storing instructions; wherein the processor is configured to invoke the instructions to cause the communication device to perform the data transmission method according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present disclosure, or perform the data transmission method according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, or perform the data transmission method according to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, or perform the data transmission method according to an embodiment of yet another aspect of the present disclosure.

[0039] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, comprising: a network device; wherein the network device is configured to implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of yet another aspect of the present disclosure.

[0040] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of yet another aspect of the present disclosure.

[0041] According to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of another aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of still another aspect of the present disclosure, or implement the data transmission method according to an embodiment of yet another aspect of the present disclosure.

[0042] The technical solutions provided by the present disclosure at least have the following beneficial effects:

[0043] receive an Internet Protocol (IP) packet sent by the second network device; determine an SRI-IP packet according to the first information and / or a payload of the IP packet; wherein the first information is information attached by the first network device; and send the SRI-IP packet to the third network device. In the disclosure, a lightweight IP protocol of the SRI interface is defined according to the transmission characteristics between the two network devices in the SRI interface, and a more simplified encapsulation manner is adopted, that is, the received IP packet is encapsulated into an SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is transmitted through the direct connection interface SRI interface between the two network devices. Therefore, only one encapsulation is needed for the received IP packet, the addition of unnecessary protocol layer header information and control information is reduced, the data overhead is reduced, the IP layer overhead is almost 0, and more data can be transmitted or higher throughput can be provided in the case of limited network bandwidth. At the same time, cross-layer transmission is avoided, and the data packet can be transmitted in a more direct and efficient manner in the network.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be made apparent from the following description of embodiments, which will be given by way of example only. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description of embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0046] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a RAN in a regeneration mode according to the related art;

[0047] FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a user plane protocol stack in a regeneration mode according to the related art;

[0048] FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of a control plane protocol stack in a regeneration mode according to the related art;

[0049] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method applied to a first network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method applied to a third network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lightweight IP protocol scheme of an SRI interface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a process of sending data and / or information from a ground gateway station to a satellite-based base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another data transmission method applied to a third network device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0054] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of another data transmission method applied to a first network device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a method for transmitting data and / or information from a satellite base station to a ground gateway station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0056] FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present disclosure described below are examples for explaining the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0062] The end-to-end network architecture of 5G NTN is given in the related protocol:

[0063] FIG. 1a is a structural diagram of a RAN (Radio Access Network) in a regenerative mode according to the related art. In FIG. 1a, a gNB (Next Generation NodeB) carries PDU Session, QoS flow, Radio Bearer, NG-U Tunnel, etc. on a satellite (satellite base station) in the same way as the current 5G system, which remains unchanged, and an SRI interface between the gateway station and the base station (satellite) is newly added.

[0064] Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the User Plane protocol stack in the regeneration mode of related technologies. Figure 1b also shows the framework of the SRI interface protocol stack between the NTN Gateway and the Satellite. The SRI interface protocol stack is part of the TNL (Transport Network Layer) in the NG interface, located below the IP (Internet Protocol) layer, with IP packets as input and output payloads. Since the SRI interface protocol stack is below the IP layer, it can be composed of L3 / L2 / L1 or L2 / L1. If L3 is included, the protocol functions in this part are extensions of the L3 IP packet processing functions for the SRI interface characteristics, such as encryption / decryption, robust mechanisms based on data IP packets, and data adaptation mechanisms based on data IP packets.

[0065] Figure 1c is a schematic diagram of the control plane protocol stack in the regeneration mode of related technologies. The SRI interface protocol stack has the same framework as the user plane SRI protocol stack. The SRI interface protocol stack can be composed of L3 / L2 / L1, or it can be composed of L2 / L1. If L3 is included, the protocol functions of this part are extensions of the L3 IP packet processing functions for the SRI interface features, such as encryption and decryption, robust mechanisms based on signaling IP packets, and fast data transmission mechanisms based on signaling IP packets.

[0066] The NR NTN function defined in the relevant protocols is in transparent payload mode. In transparent payload mode, the SRI interface protocol stack shown in Figures 1b and 1c is not required; the SRI interface protocol stack is only needed in regenerative payload mode. The regenerative payload mode, which deploys base station functionality to satellites, has already been completed, and the SRI interface will become a mandatory interface for the NR NTN system.

[0067] However, while the relevant protocols provide the SRI interface protocol stack framework, they do not define the protocol functions.

[0068] In related technologies, after the gateway station receives the IP packet sent to the satellite from the core network, it needs to encapsulate the IP packet through multiple protocol layers (including the transport layer, data link layer, and physical layer) before sending it out. This process makes the data redundant and increases data overhead.

[0069] To address the aforementioned issues, this disclosure proposes a data transmission method, apparatus, communication device, and communication system. It employs a simplified encapsulation method—encapsulating received IP packets into SRI-IP packets and transmitting these packets via a direct connection SRI interface between the sender and receiver. This eliminates the need for single encapsulation of received IP packets, reducing unnecessary addition of protocol layer headers and control information, and lowering data overhead. Furthermore, it avoids cross-layer transmission, enabling data packets to be transmitted in a more direct and efficient manner across the network.

[0070] The data transmission method, apparatus, communication device, and communication system of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a data transmission method applied to a first network device according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The first network device can be any network device that transmits data with a third network device.

[0072] As shown in Figure 2, the method includes steps 201-203.

[0073] Step 201: Receive Internet Protocol (IP) packets sent by the second network device.

[0074] The second network device can be any network device that needs to send data to the third or fourth network device. For example, the second network device can be any network device in the core network that needs to send data to the third or fourth network device.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface. For example, the first network device may be an NTN Gateway, and the third network device may be a satellite, specifically a satellite-borne base station. The SRI interface is a direct connection between the satellite and the NTN Gateway. Since satellites move in the sky or space, while gateway stations are stationary on the ground, satellites select gateway stations based on their own operational cycle and ephemeris information. At any given time, the gateway station logically connected to a satellite is fixed. It can be a direct connection between the satellite and a gateway station, or a connection via an inter-satellite relay. In other words, there is always one satellite directly connected to a gateway station through the SRI interface. At the same time, multiple gateway stations can exist at the same ground site. For shared gateway stations (or gateway station clusters), satellites can choose to connect to any gateway station within the cluster. All gateway stations within the cluster are interconnected. When a satellite connects to any gateway station, it can connect to all gateway stations within the cluster (there is seamless switching between gateway stations within the cluster). Therefore, the transmission between satellites and gateway stations is point-to-point. The ground gateway station cluster is responsible for the seamless switching between gateway stations within the cluster, while the satellite is unaware of this.

[0076] As an example, the relationship between the first network device, the second network device, the third network device, and the fourth network device is as follows: The first network device can be a gateway station, which performs point-to-point transmission with the third network device through an SRI interface; the third network device can be a satellite directly connected to the gateway station (the first network device), which performs point-to-point transmission with the first network device through an SRI interface; the second network device can be any network device in the core network, which performs data routing with the first network device through the IP protocol function of terrestrial routing; the fourth network device can be another satellite that transmits data with the satellite directly connected to the gateway station (the third network device), which performs data routing with the third network device through the IP protocol function of inter-satellite routing.

[0077] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the first network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP protocol function, G-IP protocol function, and IP protocol function, allowing the first network device to receive IP packets sent by the second network device via the IP protocol function and internally transfer them to the G-IP protocol function.

[0078] As an example, the core network (second network device) sends data, including user plane and control plane data, to the satellite base station (third or fourth network device) via the Ng interface. The data packets arrive at the IP protocol function of the gateway station (first network device) via IP routing, and are then internally transferred to the G-IP protocol function through the IP protocol function.

[0079] Step 203: Determine the Satellite Radio Link Interface - Internet Protocol (SRI) packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet.

[0080] The first information is the information attached to the first network device.

[0081] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0082] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0083] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0084] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0085] In this case, if the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address, it is in SRI-IP protocol pass-through mode. Specifically, after receiving the data packet from the upper layer SCTP / UDP (which is then sent to the lower layer via C-IP flow (control plane data flow) or U-IP flow (user plane data flow) depending on SCTP / UDP), it is directly sent to the receiving end's SRI-IP. Conversely, after receiving the data packet from the lower layer MAC, it determines whether it is a C-IP flow or a U-IP flow based on the IP flow ID, and then directly sends it to the upper layer (SCTP / UDP).

[0086] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0087] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0088] When the IP address of the SRI interface uses the long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit range with different values ​​in the IP address of the SRI interface. This means that if the IP address of the SRI interface is the same in most bit ranges, then the SRI-IP packet only needs to carry the bit range with different values, thereby effectively reducing data redundancy and improving transmission efficiency.

[0089] In other words, when the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the SRI interface IP address can use a short IP address definition, such as setting the IP version number field to IPv4 and the port to a fixed port, or even omitting the above information; the IP address itself only needs to be the IPv4 version. Alternatively, the SRI interface IP address can use a long IP address definition. The SRI-IP packet uses a unified addressing for the two network devices on the SRI interface, omitting information in the same bit range and only carrying different bit ranges, such as 255.255.255.xxx and 255.255.xxx.xxx. After unified addressing, if the first 2 or 3 bytes of information are the same, then the SRI-IP packet only needs to carry the last 2 or 1 bytes of information.

[0090] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0091] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0092] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0093] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0094] In other words, the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, denoted as SRI-ID. The SRI-ID of an SRI-IP packet can be a one-to-one mapping to the source and destination IP address pairs of the SRI-IP packet (one SRI-ID corresponds to one address pair, which consists of the source and destination IP addresses of the SRI-IP packet), or a separate SRI-ID can be assigned to the source and destination IP addresses. These two SRI-IDs uniquely map to either the source or destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet (one SRI-ID corresponds to either the source or destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet). For example, if the SRI-ID is 2 bytes, it can represent 0 to 65535 addresses, covering the total number of network devices on the SRI interface. The two network devices on the SRI interface can be assigned the same SRI-ID (sharing 65536 IDs), or they can be assigned independent SRI-IDs (each having 65536 IDs available). SRI-IP carries the SRI-ID in the IP address but not the IP address information. Both the sender and receiver retrieve the IP address and corresponding information through the SRI-ID, thereby achieving efficient transmission of IP addresses.

[0095] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by a C-IP flow ID (Compressed IP Flow Identifier) ​​or a D-IP flow ID (Derived IP Flow Identifier). The C-IP flow ID and D-IP flow ID simplify the IP address by generating shorter identifiers through compression or derivation.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first network device may first parse the IP packet to obtain the payload of the IP packet, and then determine the SRI-IP packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet.

[0097] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the first network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP protocol function, G-IP protocol function, and IP protocol function. Thus, the first network device can first parse the IP packet using the G-IP protocol function to obtain the IP packet payload, which is a data packet (SCTP / UDP packet) from SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) (control plane) or UDP (User Datagram Protocol) (user plane). Then, based on the first information and / or the IP packet payload, the SRI-IP protocol function is used to construct an SRI-IP packet. The payload of the first information and / or IP packet is internally moved from the first network device to the SRI-IP protocol function through the G-IP protocol function. That is, the first network device can also internally move the payload of the parsed IP packet and / or the information (first information) attached by the first network device to the SRI-IP protocol function through the G-IP protocol function.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0099] Situation information;

[0100] Measurement information;

[0101] Data transmission and reception status information.

[0102] Situational information refers to information about the overall status and changing trends of the satellite communication system. Situational information includes at least one of the following:

[0103] The satellite's position and orbital parameters, such as longitude, latitude, and altitude;

[0104] Satellite operational status, such as power status, temperature, pressure, etc.;

[0105] The quality of the communication link, such as signal strength and bit error rate;

[0106] Interference situations, such as interference from other satellites or ground equipment.

[0107] Measurement information refers to information about the performance of a satellite communication system obtained through measurement methods. Measurement information includes at least one of the following:

[0108] The received and transmitted power of satellite signals;

[0109] The frequency and phase of the signal;

[0110] Error rate and packet loss rate;

[0111] Latency and jitter in satellite communication systems.

[0112] Data transmission and reception status information refers to the status information during the data transmission and reception process in a satellite communication system. Data transmission and reception status information includes at least one of the following:

[0113] Data packet sending and receiving timestamps;

[0114] The sequence number and checksum of the data packet;

[0115] Data packet loss and retransmission status;

[0116] Data transmission rate and throughput.

[0117] The aforementioned situational information, measurement information, and data transmission and reception status information can be detected by the first network device through the G-IP protocol function.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first network device determines the SRI-IP packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet, including at least one of the following:

[0119] When the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address, the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet (that is, the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet can be directly used as the SRI-IP packet when the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address).

[0120] When the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the payload of the first information and / or the IP packet is used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet. Based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the IP address of the SRI interface, the SRI-IP packet is determined (that is, when the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the payload of the first information and / or the IP packet can be used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and then the IP address of the SRI interface is added to obtain the SRI-IP packet).

[0121] When the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet. Based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the address identification information of the SRI interface, the SRI-IP packet is determined (that is, when the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet can be used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and then the address identification information of the SRI interface is added to obtain the SRI-IP packet).

[0122] In other words, the payload in an SRI-IP packet can contain not only the data information of the IP packet, but also a lot of situational information or measurement information detected by G-IP protocol functions, data transmission and reception status information, etc.

[0123] Step 203: Send an SRI-IP packet to the third network device.

[0124] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the first network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP, G-IP, and IP protocol functions, allowing it to send SRI-IP packets to the third network device via the SRI-IP protocol function. Specifically, SRI-IP packets can be sent to the third network device through the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the first and third network devices.

[0125] In this embodiment, the first network device receives Internet Protocol (IP) packets sent by the second network device; determines an SRI-IP packet based on first information and / or the payload of the IP packet; wherein the first information is additional information added by the first network device; and sends the SRI-IP packet to the third network device. During this process, the first and third network devices perform point-to-point transmission via the SRI interface. The first network device encapsulates the received IP packet into an SRI-IP packet and transmits the SRI-IP packet through the direct connection SRI interface between the first and third network devices. Therefore, only one encapsulation is needed for the received IP packet, reducing unnecessary addition of protocol layer header and control information, lowering data overhead, and achieving near-zero IP layer overhead. This helps to transmit more data or provide higher throughput when network bandwidth is limited. Simultaneously, cross-layer transmission is avoided, allowing data packets to be transmitted in the network in a more direct and efficient manner.

[0126] The previous embodiment was described from the perspective of the first network device. To more clearly illustrate the data transmission process described above, this disclosure provides a possible implementation of a data transmission method from the perspective of a third network device. Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method applied to a third network device according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Similarly, the third network device can be any network device that transmits data with the first network device.

[0127] As shown in Figure 3, the method includes steps 301-303.

[0128] Step 301: Receive the SRI-IP packet sent by the first network device.

[0129] The SRI-IP packet is determined by the first network device based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet sent by the second network device. The first information is additional information added by the first network device.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface. Related explanations can be found in the descriptions of the various embodiments of this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0131] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0132] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0133] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0134] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0135] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0136] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0137] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0138] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0139] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0140] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0141] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0142] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0143] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0144] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by a C-IP flow ID or a D-IP flow ID. The C-IP flow ID and D-IP flow ID are simplified by generating shorter identifiers through compression or derivation.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0146] Situation information;

[0147] Measurement information;

[0148] Data transmission and reception status information.

[0149] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0150] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the third network device simultaneously possesses both the SRI-IP protocol function and the S-IP protocol function, allowing it to receive SRI-IP packets sent by the first network device via the SRI-IP protocol function. Specifically, the SRI-IP packets sent by the first network device can be received through the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the first and third network devices.

[0151] Step 303: Determine the Satellite Internet Protocol (SIP) packet based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

[0152] The second piece of information is additional information provided by the third network device.

[0153] In some embodiments, the first network device may first parse the SRI-IP packet to obtain the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and then determine the S-IP packet based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

[0154] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the third network device simultaneously possesses both the SRI-IP protocol function and the S-IP protocol function. The third network device can first parse the SRI-IP packet using the SRI-IP protocol function to obtain the SRI-IP packet payload, i.e., the payload of the IP packet sent by the second network device (SCTP / UDP data packet) and / or the information attached by the first network device (first information). Then, in a non-local processing scenario, the SRI-IP protocol function internally moves the parsed SRI-IP packet payload to the S-IP protocol function. Finally, the S-IP protocol function constructs the S-IP packet based on the information attached by the third network device (second information) and / or the SRI-IP packet payload.

[0155] It should be noted that if the processing is done locally (the SRI-IP packet is sent to a third network device), the third network device will send the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packet to the upper layer of IP, namely the SCTP or UDP protocol function, through the SRI-IP protocol function.

[0156] As an example, after receiving an SRI-IP packet via the SRI-IP protocol function, the satellite-based base station (third network device) parses the SRI-IP packet to obtain its payload, which is the payload of the IP packet sent by the core network (SCTP / UDP data packet) and / or the information attached by the gateway station (first network device) (first information). If the SRI-IP packet is destined for the satellite-based base station, the payload of the SRI-IP packet is sent to the upper layer of IP, i.e., the SCTP or UDP protocol function; otherwise, inter-satellite routing is performed (the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packet is internally moved to the S-IP protocol function via the SRI-IP protocol function, and the S-IP packet is constructed based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and / or the information attached by the satellite-based base station (second information) via the S-IP protocol function, and routed to the target satellite-based base station (fourth network device).

[0157] Step 303: Send an S-IP packet to the fourth network device.

[0158] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the third network device simultaneously possesses both the SRI-IP protocol function and the S-IP protocol function, allowing the third network device to send S-IP packets to the fourth network device via the S-IP protocol function.

[0159] In this embodiment, the third network device receives an SRI-IP packet sent by the first network device. The SRI-IP packet is determined by the first network device based on first information and / or the payload of an IP packet received from the second network device. The first information is additional information added by the first network device. Based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet, a Satellite Internet Protocol (S-IP) packet is determined. The second information is additional information added by the third network device. The S-IP packet is then sent to the fourth network device. During this process, the first and third network devices perform point-to-point transmission via the SRI interface. The third network device receives the SRI-IP packet through the direct connection SRI interface between the first and third network devices. This achieves near-zero IP layer overhead, which helps transmit more data or provide higher throughput when network bandwidth is limited. Simultaneously, cross-layer transmission is avoided, allowing data packets to be transmitted in the network in a more direct and efficient manner.

[0160] To clearly illustrate the data transmission process described in the above embodiments, examples are provided below.

[0161] First, we will provide an example illustrating the lightweight IP protocol scheme for the SRI interface defined in this publication.

[0162] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a lightweight IP protocol scheme for an SRI interface provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0163] As shown in Figures 1b and 1c, the SRI interface protocol stack is part of the TNL in the NG interface. The IP (sub) layer serves as the routing protocol layer for the satellite to the core network. Information exchanged between the satellite and the core network is forwarded to the target device through the gateway station. The SRI interface is a direct connection between the gateway station (NTN Gateway) and the satellite. The IP routing transmission between the satellite and the gateway station is point-to-point. Considering the transmission characteristics between the satellite and the gateway station in the SRI interface, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, denoted as SRI-IP.

[0164] The SRI interface is a direct connection between the satellite and the gateway station, as shown in Figure 4. SRI-IP completes the point-to-point data transmission at the IP layer of the SRI interface. The point-to-point transmission of the SRI interface is the point-to-point transmission between the satellite and the gateway station.

[0165] As shown in Figure 4, the lightweight IP protocol in the SRI interface defined in this disclosure consists of three parts: one part is the SRI-IP protocol function, one part is the general IP protocol function for terrestrial routing, denoted as G-IP (General IP) protocol function, and one part is the satellite IP protocol function for inter-satellite routing, denoted as S-IP (Satellite IP) protocol function.

[0166] The satellite has SRI-IP and S-IP protocol functions, the gateway station has both SRI-IP and G-IP protocol functions, as well as IP protocol functions for ground routing (as shown in the unfilled IP protocol block diagram in Figure 5).

[0167] The SRI-IP protocol functions on the satellite and the SRI-IP protocol functions on the gateway station are SRI interface peer-to-peer IP protocol functions.

[0168] The SRI-IP protocol function on the satellite is used to receive SRI-IP packets sent by the gateway station, parse the SRI-IP packets, and, in the case of non-local processing, internally transfer the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packet to the S-IP protocol function on the satellite. Alternatively, based on the payload of the S-IP packet and / or third information (the payload of the S-IP packet is obtained internally by the S-IP protocol function on the satellite, and the third information is information added by the satellite), the SRI-IP packet is assembled and sent to the gateway station through the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the satellite and the gateway station.

[0169] The SRI-IP protocol function on the gateway station is used to assemble an SRI-IP packet based on the payload and / or first information of the IP packet (the payload and / or first information of the IP packet are internally transferred from the G-IP protocol function on the gateway station, and the first information is information added by the gateway station). The assembled SRI-IP packet is sent to the satellite through the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the satellite and the gateway station, or it receives an SRI-IP packet sent by the satellite, parses the SRI-IP packet, and internally transfers the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packet to the G-IP protocol function on the gateway station.

[0170] Among them, the SRI-IP packet (1) may not carry an IP address; (2) may carry IP header information with a short IP address, that is, the IP address of the SRI-IP packet is an independent address for the SRI interface, which may be different from the general IP address in order to achieve IP connection isolation; (3) may also carry address identification information customized by the SRI interface.

[0171] (1) If the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address, it is in SRI-IP protocol pass-through mode. Specifically, after receiving the data packet from the upper layer (SCTP / UDP) (which is sent to the lower layer through C-IP flow or U-IP flow according to SCTP / UDP respectively), it is sent directly to the SRI-IP of the receiving end; otherwise, after receiving the data packet from the lower layer (MAC), it determines whether it is C-IP flow or U-IP flow according to the IP flow ID, and then sends it directly to the upper layer (SCTP / UDP).

[0172] (2) The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, using a short IP address definition method, such as the IP version number field being IPv4, the port being a fixed port, or even omitting the above information; the IP address only needs to be an IPv4 version IP address, or even through the unified addressing of the satellite-borne SRI-IP and gateway station SRI-IP in the SRI interface, information in the same bit range is not carried, only different bit ranges are carried, such as 255.255.255.xxx, 255.255.xxx.xxx. After unified addressing, the first 2 or 3 bytes of information are the same, so only the last 2 or 1 bytes of information are carried in the IP packet. Satellites and gateway stations can store constellation topology information in units of time. The IP address can be used as an index to retrieve the topology information within that time period, thus establishing a mapping relationship between IP address and time for retrieving ephemeris.

[0173] (3) The SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, denoted as SRI-ID. SRI-ID can be a one-to-one mapping to the source and destination IP addresses of the SRI-IP, or a separate SRI-ID can be assigned to each source and destination IP address, uniquely mapping to the IP address of the source or destination SRI-IP. For example, if the SRI-ID is 2 bytes, it can represent 0 to 65535 addresses, covering the total number of ground gateway stations and satellites. Gateway stations and satellites can be uniformly assigned SRI-IDs (sharing 65536 IDs), or they can be independently assigned SRI-IDs (each with 65536 IDs available). The SRI-IP packet carries the SRI-ID but not the IP address information. Both the sender and receiver retrieve the IP address and corresponding information through the SRI-ID, thus achieving efficient IP address transmission.

[0174] The G-IP protocol function is the IP translation function in the SRI interface of the gateway station. According to the functional definition of SRI-IP, the G-IP protocol function is used to parse general IP packets (the IP packets are moved internally by the IP protocol function of the ground routing on the gateway station), and internally move the payload and / or first information (the first information is the information added by the gateway station) of the parsed IP packets to the SRI-IP protocol function on the gateway station. Alternatively, it can construct IP packets based on the payload and / or fourth information (the payload of the SRI-IP packets is moved internally by the SRI-IP protocol function on the gateway station, and the fourth information is the information added by the gateway station), and internally move the IP packets to the IP protocol function of the ground routing on the gateway station. The IP protocol function of the ground routing on the gateway station then routes the IP packets to the core network.

[0175] The S-IP protocol function is the IP translation function in the satellite SRI interface. According to the functional definition of SRI-IP and the IP protocol function definition of inter-satellite routing, the S-IP protocol function is used to assemble S-IP packets based on the SRI-IP packet payload and / or second information (the SRI-IP packet payload is internally transferred from the SRI-IP protocol function on the satellite, and the second information is additional information added by the satellite), and send the S-IP packet to the target satellite. Alternatively, it can receive S-IP packets sent by other satellites through the S-IP protocol function, parse the S-IP packet, and internally transfer the payload of the parsed S-IP packet to the SRI-IP protocol function on the satellite. In other words, the S-IP protocol function is the IP function of inter-satellite IP routing, realizing data routing between satellites directly connected to the gateway station and data source satellites.

[0176] The IP protocol function of the ground routing on the gateway station is used to complete the data routing of the Ng interface, including the signaling information exchange of NG-AP (NG-Application Protocol) and the information exchange of GTP-U (GPRS Tunneling Protocol-User Plane, GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Tunneling Protocol-User Plane).

[0177] Next, examples will be given to illustrate the interaction flow of Figures 2 and 3.

[0178] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating how a gateway station sends data and / or information to a satellite-based base station, according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0179] As shown in Figure 5, the process includes steps 501-508.

[0180] Step 501: The CN (Core Network) sends the Ng interface IP packet that it sends to the satellite base station to the G-IP protocol function of any gateway station.

[0181] The core network sends data, including user plane and control plane data, to the satellite-based base stations via the Ng interface. Data packets are routed via IP to any gateway station's G-IP protocol function.

[0182] Step 502: The gateway station receiving the Ng interface IP packets sent by the core network calculates the route using the G-IP protocol function and selects a gateway station from the NTN Gateway Cluster.

[0183] The G-IP protocol function on the gateway station that receives Ng interface IP packets sent by the core network parses the IP packet to obtain the payload of the IP packet, that is, the data packets (SCTP / UDP packets) from SCTP (control plane) or UDP (user plane), and completes the routing selection of the gateway station or gateway station cluster.

[0184] As one possible implementation, the G-IP protocol function on the gateway station receiving the Ng interface IP packet sent by the core network can select a gateway station from the gateway station cluster where the gateway station is located based on the routing information of the IP packet, and have the selected gateway station send the IP packet to the satellite. Alternatively, it can select a gateway station cluster based on the routing information of the IP packet, select a gateway station from that cluster, and have the selected gateway station send the IP packet to the satellite.

[0185] It should be noted that a gateway station receiving Ng interface IP packets sent by the core network can choose to send data and / or information to the satellite base station itself, or it can select other gateway stations from the gateway station cluster to send data and / or information to the satellite base station.

[0186] Step 503: Internal transfer of the IP packet payload and / or selected gateway-attached information.

[0187] If the gateway station receiving Ng interface IP packets sent by the core network chooses to send data and / or information to the satellite base station, the G-IP protocol function will internally transfer the parsed SCTP / UDP data packets and / or the information attached by the gateway station (first information) to the SRI-IP protocol function through the G-IP protocol function.

[0188] If the gateway station receiving Ng interface IP packets from the core network selects another gateway station from the gateway station cluster to send data and / or information to the satellite base station, the G-IP protocol function of the gateway station forwards the Ng interface IP packets sent by the core network to the selected gateway station through the on-the-ground routing IP protocol function on the gateway station. The selected gateway station receives the Ng interface IP packets sent by the core network through the on-the-ground routing IP protocol function on the gateway station and internally moves them to the G-IP protocol function. The G-IP protocol function parses the IP packets to obtain the corresponding IP packet payload, that is, the data packets from SCTP (control plane) or UDP (user plane), and internally moves the parsed SCTP / UDP data packets and / or the information attached by the selected gateway station (first information) to the SRI-IP protocol function.

[0189] Step 504: The SRI-IP protocol function on the gateway station that sends data and / or information to the satellite base station forms an SRI-IP packet.

[0190] For an explanation of the SRI-IP package components, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0191] Step 505: The SRI-IP protocol function on the gateway station that sends data and / or information to the satellite base station sends SRI-IP packets to the satellite base station through the SRI interface.

[0192] Step 506: The SRI-IP protocol function on the satellite base station receives SRI-IP packets, parses SRI-IP packets, obtains the payload of SRI-IP packets, and processes them locally or routes them between satellites.

[0193] Upon receiving an SRI-IP packet, the SRI-IP protocol function on the satellite-based base station parses the packet to obtain its payload, namely the SCTP / UDP data packet and / or the first information. If the SRI-IP packet is intended for the satellite-based base station, it is forwarded to the upper layer of IP, i.e., the SCTP or UDP protocol function; otherwise, inter-satellite routing is performed (the SRI-IP protocol function internally moves the obtained SRI-IP packet payload to the S-IP protocol function, which then constructs an S-IP packet based on the SRI-IP packet payload and / or the information (second information) attached by the satellite-based base station, and routes it to the target satellite-based base station).

[0194] Step 507, internal relocation of the SRI-IP package payload.

[0195] The satellite-based base station internally moves the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packets to the S-IP protocol function through the SRI-IP protocol function.

[0196] Step 508, Inter-satellite routing.

[0197] The satellite-based base station uses the S-IP protocol function to assemble an S-IP packet based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and / or the additional information (second information) attached by the satellite-based base station, and routes it to the target satellite-based base station.

[0198] In summary, the core network sends data and / or information to the satellite-based base station. IP packets are sent to the directly connected satellite via the gateway station, where they are processed or routed to the destination satellite-based base station via the directly connected satellite. Therefore, SRI-IP achieves near-zero IP layer overhead and enables independent and isolated routing between space-based and terrestrial networks, avoiding mutual interference in routing updates. Furthermore, SRI-IP defines a unified interface for both space-based and terrestrial networks, enabling plug-and-play functionality. In addition, delegating IP routing entirely to the terrestrial gateway station reduces the load on satellite-to-terrestrial routing.

[0199] Corresponding to the second network device sending data to the fourth network device through the first and third network devices, the fourth network device can also send data to the second network device through the first and third network devices. The data transmission process on the third network device side will be explained below with reference to Figure 6.

[0200] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart illustrating another data transmission method applied to a third network device according to another embodiment of this disclosure. The third network device can be any network device that transmits data with the first network device.

[0201] As shown in Figure 6, the method includes steps 601-603.

[0202] Step 601: Receive the S-IP packet sent by the fourth network device.

[0203] The fourth network device can be any network device that needs to send data to the second network device.

[0204] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Both the third and fourth network devices possess both SRI-IP and S-IP protocol functions, allowing the third network device to receive S-IP packets sent by the fourth network device via the S-IP protocol function.

[0205] Step 602: Determine the SRI-IP packet based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet.

[0206] The third information refers to the information added by the third network device.

[0207] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0208] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0209] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0210] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0211] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0212] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0213] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0214] The relevant explanations can be found in the descriptions of the various embodiments of this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0215] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0216] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0217] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0218] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0219] The relevant explanations can be found in the descriptions of the various embodiments of this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0220] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by a C-IP flow ID or a D-IP flow ID. The C-IP flow ID and D-IP flow ID are simplified by generating shorter identifiers through compression or derivation.

[0221] In some embodiments, the third network device may first parse the S-IP packet to obtain the payload of the S-IP packet, and then determine the SRI-IP packet based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet.

[0222] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. The third network device simultaneously possesses both the SRI-IP protocol function and the S-IP protocol function. The third network device can first parse the S-IP packet using the S-IP protocol function to obtain the S-IP packet payload, i.e., the SCTP / UDP packet sent by the fourth network device. Then, in a non-local processing scenario, the S-IP protocol function internally moves the parsed S-IP packet payload to the SRI-IP protocol function. Finally, the SRI-IP protocol function constructs the SRI-IP packet based on the S-IP packet payload and / or the information added by the third network device (third information).

[0223] It should be noted that if the processing is done locally (the S-IP packet is sent to a third network device), the third network device will send the payload of the parsed S-IP packet to the local SCTP or UDP protocol function for processing via the S-IP protocol function.

[0224] In some embodiments, the third network device determines the SRI-IP packet based on the third information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet, including at least one of the following:

[0225] When the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address, the SRI-IP packet can be determined based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet (that is, the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet can be directly used as the SRI-IP packet when the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address).

[0226] When the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the third-party information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet. Based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the IP address of the SRI interface, the SRI-IP packet is determined (that is, when the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the third-party information and / or the payload of the IP packet can be used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and then the IP address of the SRI interface is added to obtain the SRI-IP packet).

[0227] When the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet. Based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the address identification information of the SRI interface, the SRI-IP packet is determined (i.e., when the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the third information and / or the payload of the IP packet can be used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and then the address identification information of the SRI interface is added to obtain the SRI-IP packet).

[0228] In other words, the payload in an SRI-IP packet can contain not only the data information of the S-IP packet, but also additional information from a third network device (third information).

[0229] Step 603: Send an SRI-IP packet to the first network device.

[0230] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface. Related explanations can be found in the descriptions of the various embodiments of this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0231] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the third network device possesses both the SRI-IP protocol function and the S-IP protocol function, allowing the third network device to send SRI-IP packets to the first network device via the SRI-IP protocol function. Specifically, SRI-IP packets can be sent to the first network device via the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the first and third network devices.

[0232] In this embodiment, the third network device receives an S-IP packet sent by the fourth network device; determines an SRI-IP packet based on third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet; wherein the third information is additional information added by the third network device; and sends the SRI-IP packet to the first network device. During this process, the first and third network devices perform point-to-point transmission via the SRI interface. The third network device encapsulates the received S-IP packet into an SRI-IP packet and transmits the SRI-IP packet through the direct connection SRI interface between the first and third network devices. Therefore, only one encapsulation is needed for the received S-IP packet, reducing unnecessary addition of protocol layer header and control information, lowering data overhead, and achieving near-zero IP layer overhead. This helps to transmit more data or provide higher throughput when network bandwidth is limited. Simultaneously, cross-layer transmission is avoided, allowing data packets to be transmitted in the network in a more direct and efficient manner.

[0233] The previous embodiment was described from the perspective of the third network device. To more clearly illustrate the data transmission process described above, this disclosure provides a possible implementation of the data transmission method from the perspective of the first network device. Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating another data transmission method applied to a first network device according to another embodiment of this disclosure. Similarly, the first network device can be any network device that transmits data with the third network device.

[0234] As shown in Figure 7, the method includes steps 701-703.

[0235] Step 701: Receive the SRI-IP packet sent by the third network device.

[0236] The SRI-IP packet is determined by the third network device based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet sent by the fourth network device. The third information is additional information added by the third network device.

[0237] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface. Related explanations can be found in the descriptions of the various embodiments of this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0238] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0239] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0240] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0241] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0242] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0243] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0244] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0245] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0246] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0247] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0248] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0249] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0250] For related explanations, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0251] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by a C-IP flow ID or a D-IP flow ID. The C-IP flow ID and D-IP flow ID are simplified by generating shorter identifiers through compression or derivation.

[0252] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the first network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP, G-IP, and IP protocol functions, allowing it to receive SRI-IP packets from the third network device via the SRI-IP protocol function. More specifically, the SRI-IP packets from the third network device can be received through the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the first and third network devices.

[0253] Step 702: Determine the IP packet based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

[0254] The fourth piece of information is additional information provided by the first network device.

[0255] In some embodiments, the first network device may first parse the SRI-IP packet to obtain the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and then determine the IP packet based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

[0256] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the first network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP protocol function, G-IP protocol function, and IP protocol function. Thus, the first network device can first parse the SRI-IP packet using the SRI-IP protocol function to obtain the SRI-IP packet payload, namely the SCTP / UDP packet sent by the fourth network device and / or the information attached by the third network device (third information). Then, the SRI-IP protocol function internally moves the parsed SRI-IP packet payload to the G-IP protocol function. Finally, the G-IP protocol function constructs an IP packet based on the SRI-IP packet payload and / or the information attached by the first network device (fourth information).

[0257] Step 703: Send an IP packet to the second network device.

[0258] In some embodiments, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, tailored to the transmission characteristics between two network devices in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the first network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP protocol function, G-IP protocol function, and IP protocol function. Thus, the first network device can use the G-IP protocol function to move the internal components of assembled IP packets to the IP protocol function, and then send IP packets to the second network device via the IP protocol function.

[0259] In this embodiment, the first network device receives an SRI-IP packet sent by the third network device. The SRI-IP packet is determined by the third network device based on third information and / or the payload of a received S-IP packet sent by a fourth network device, where the third information is additional information added by the third network device. An IP packet is determined based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet, where the fourth information is additional information added by the first network device. The IP packet is then sent to the second network device. During this process, the first and third network devices perform point-to-point transmission via the SRI interface. The first network device receives the SRI-IP packet through the direct connection SRI interface between the first and third network devices, achieving near-zero IP layer overhead. This helps transmit more data or provide higher throughput when network bandwidth is limited. Simultaneously, cross-layer transmission is avoided, allowing data packets to be transmitted in the network in a more direct and efficient manner.

[0260] To clearly illustrate the data transmission process described in the above embodiments, examples are provided below.

[0261] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating how a satellite-borne base station transmits data and / or information to a ground gateway station according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0262] As shown in Figure 8, the process includes steps 801-808.

[0263] Step 801: The S-IP protocol function on the satellite-borne base station directly connected to the ground gateway station receives Ng interface IP packets (S-IP packets) sent by other satellite-borne base stations.

[0264] The satellite-based base station directly connected to the ground gateway station receives data packets sent by other satellite-based base stations via the S-IP protocol.

[0265] Step 802: The S-IP protocol function on the satellite base station directly connected to the ground gateway station parses the S-IP packets to obtain the payload of the S-IP packets, and processes them locally or moves them.

[0266] The S-IP protocol function on the satellite-based base station directly connected to the ground gateway station parses the S-IP packets to obtain the payload of the S-IP packets, i.e., the SCTP / UDP data packets sent by the source satellite-based base station. If the packets are destined for that satellite-based base station, they are processed locally using the SCTP or UDP protocol function sent locally; otherwise, the SRI interface is initiated for transmission.

[0267] Step 803, internal relocation of the S-IP packet payload.

[0268] The satellite-borne base station directly connected to the ground gateway station internally transfers the parsed SCTP / UDP data packets and / or the satellite's additional information (third information) to the SRI-IP protocol function through the S-IP protocol function.

[0269] Step 804: The SRI-IP protocol function on the satellite base station directly connected to the ground gateway station forms an SRI-IP packet.

[0270] For an explanation of the SRI-IP package components, please refer to the descriptions in the various embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0271] Step 805: The SRI-IP protocol function on the satellite base station directly connected to the ground gateway station sends SRI-IP packets to the ground gateway station through the SRI interface.

[0272] Step 806: The SRI-IP protocol function on the ground gateway station receives SRI-IP packets, parses SRI-IP packets, and obtains the payload of SRI-IP packets.

[0273] Upon receiving an SRI-IP packet, the SRI-IP protocol function on the ground gateway station parses the SRI-IP packet to obtain its payload, namely the SCTP / UDP data packet and / or third-party information.

[0274] Step 807, internal relocation of the SRI-IP package payload.

[0275] The ground gateway station internally transfers the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packet and / or the information (fourth information) attached by the gateway station to the G-IP protocol function through the SRI-IP protocol function.

[0276] Step 808: The G-IP protocol function on the ground gateway station calculates the route and selects a gateway station from the NTN Gateway Cluster.

[0277] The G-IP protocol function on the ground gateway station performs internal routing within the gateway station (cluster) and assembles IP packets based on the payload and / or fourth information of the SRI-IP packet. Then, the assembled IP packets are sent to the IP function layer of the destination core network through the terrestrial general IP routing.

[0278] In summary, when the spaceborne base station sends information to the ground core network, the IP packets are transmitted to the gateway station via satellite and then routed to the target core network through the gateway station. Therefore, SRI-IP achieves near-zero IP layer overhead and enables independent and isolated routing between the space-based and ground networks, avoiding mutual interference in their routing updates. Furthermore, SRI-IP defines a unified interface for both space-based and ground-based networks, enabling plug-and-play functionality. In addition, by completely delegating IP routing to the ground gateway station, the load on the spaceborne network during ground-to-ground routing is reduced.

[0279] As can be seen from the data transmission methods provided in the embodiments of Figures 2, 3, 6, and 7 above, this disclosure defines a lightweight IP protocol for the SRI interface, targeting the transmission characteristics between two network devices (a first network device and a third network device) in an SRI interface. This protocol consists of three parts: SRI-IP protocol function, S-IP protocol function, and G-IP protocol function. Specifically, the first network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP protocol function, G-IP protocol function, and IP protocol function, while the third network device simultaneously possesses SRI-IP protocol function and S-IP protocol function.

[0280] When the second network device sends data to the third or fourth network device, the first network device receives the IP packet sent by the second network device via the IP protocol function and internally transfers it to the G-IP protocol function. It then parses the IP packet via the G-IP protocol function, internally transferring the payload of the parsed IP packet and / or the information added by the first network device (first information) to the SRI-IP protocol function. Based on the IP packet payload and / or the first information, it constructs an SRI-IP packet via the SRI-IP protocol function and sends the SRI-IP packet to the third network device through the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the first and third network devices. Correspondingly, the third network device receives the SRI-IP packet sent by the first network device via the SRI-IP protocol function, parses the SRI-IP packet, and, if not processed locally, internally transfers the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packet to the S-IP protocol function. Based on the SRI-IP packet payload and / or the information added by the third network device (second information), it constructs an S-IP packet via the S-IP protocol function and sends the S-IP packet to the fourth network device. Therefore, when the second network device sends data to the third or fourth network device, the IP packet is sent to the third network device through the first network device, and is then processed on the third network device or routed through the third network device to the fourth network device.

[0281] When the fourth network device sends data to the second network device, the third network device receives the S-IP packet sent by the fourth network device via the S-IP protocol function, parses the S-IP packet, and, in the case of non-local processing, internally moves the payload of the parsed S-IP packet to the SRI-IP protocol function. Using the SRI-IP protocol function, it constructs an SRI-IP packet based on the S-IP packet payload and / or the information added by the third network device (third information), and sends the aforementioned SRI-IP packet to the first network device through the direct connection interface (SRI interface) between the first and third network devices. Correspondingly, the first network device receives the aforementioned SRI-IP packet sent by the third network device via the SRI-IP protocol function, parses the SRI-IP packet, internally moves the payload of the parsed SRI-IP packet to the G-IP protocol function, and uses the G-IP protocol function to construct an IP packet based on the SRI-IP packet payload and / or the information added by the first network device (fourth information), and sends the IP packet to the second network device. Therefore, when the fourth network device sends data to the second network device, the IP packet is sent to the first network device through the third network device, and then routed to the second network device through the first network device.

[0282] In the above process, the first network device and the third network device transmit point-to-point via the SRI interface. Only one encapsulation (into an SRI-IP packet) is needed for the received IP or S-IP packets, reducing unnecessary protocol layer header and control information additions, lowering data overhead, and achieving near-zero IP layer overhead. This helps transmit more data or provide higher throughput when network bandwidth is limited. Simultaneously, cross-layer transmission is avoided, allowing data packets to be transmitted in a more direct and efficient manner within the network.

[0283] Corresponding to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG2 above, this disclosure also provides a data transmission device. Since the data transmission device provided in this disclosure corresponds to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG2 above, the implementation method of the data transmission method is also applicable to the data transmission device provided in this disclosure, and will not be described in detail in this disclosure.

[0284] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0285] As shown in Figure 9, the data transmission device 900 includes a transceiver module 901 and a processing module 902.

[0286] The transceiver module 901 is used to receive Internet Protocol (IP) packets sent by the second network device.

[0287] Processing module 902 is configured to determine the Satellite Radio Link Interface - Internet Protocol (SRI-IP) packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet; wherein the first information is information attached by the first network device;

[0288] The transceiver module 901 is also used to send SRI-IP packets to third-party network devices.

[0289] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface.

[0290] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0291] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0292] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0293] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0294] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0295] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0296] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0297] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0298] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0299] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0300] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by either the Compressed IP Flow Identifier (C-IP flow ID) or the Derived IP Flow Identifier (D-IP flow ID).

[0301] In some embodiments, the processing module 902 is further configured to:

[0302] Parse the IP packets to obtain their payload;

[0303] Determine the SRI-IP packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet.

[0304] In some embodiments, the processing module 902 is further configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0305] If the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address, the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet;

[0306] When the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the IP address of the SRI interface.

[0307] When the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the address identification information of the SRI interface.

[0308] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0309] Situation information;

[0310] Measurement information;

[0311] Data transmission and reception status information.

[0312] Corresponding to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG3 above, this disclosure also provides a data transmission device. Since the data transmission device provided in this disclosure corresponds to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG3 above, the implementation method of the data transmission method is also applicable to the data transmission device provided in this disclosure, and will not be described in detail in this disclosure.

[0313] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission device provided in another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0314] As shown in Figure 10, the data transmission device 1000 includes a transceiver module 1001 and a processing module 1002.

[0315] The transceiver module 1001 is used to receive SRI-IP packets sent by the first network device; wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the first network device based on first information and / or the payload of IP packets received from the second network device, and the first information is information added by the first network device.

[0316] Processing module 1002 is used to determine the Satellite Internet Protocol (SIP) packet based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet; wherein the second information is information added by the third network device;

[0317] The transceiver module 1001 is also used to send S-IP packets to a fourth network device.

[0318] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface.

[0319] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0320] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0321] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0322] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0323] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0324] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0325] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0326] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0327] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0328] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0329] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by C-IP flow ID or D-IP flow ID.

[0330] In some embodiments, the processing module 1002 is further configured to:

[0331] Parse the SRI-IP packet to obtain the SRI-IP packet payload;

[0332] The S-IP packet is determined based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

[0333] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0334] Situation information;

[0335] Measurement information;

[0336] Data transmission and reception status information.

[0337] Corresponding to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG6 above, this disclosure also provides a data transmission device. Since the data transmission device provided in this disclosure corresponds to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG6 above, the implementation method of the data transmission method is also applicable to the data transmission device provided in this disclosure, and will not be described in detail in this disclosure.

[0338] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data transmission device provided in another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0339] As shown in Figure 11, the data transmission device 1100 includes a transceiver module 1101 and a processing module 1102.

[0340] The transceiver module 1101 is used to receive S-IP packets sent by the fourth network device;

[0341] Processing module 1102 is used to determine the SRI-IP packet based on third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet; wherein the third information is information added by a third network device;

[0342] The transceiver module 1101 is also used to send SRI-IP packets to the first network device.

[0343] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface.

[0344] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0345] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0346] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0347] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0348] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0349] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0350] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0351] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0352] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0353] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0354] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by C-IP flow ID or D-IP flow ID.

[0355] In some embodiments, the processing module 1102 is further configured to:

[0356] Parse the S-IP packet to obtain the S-IP packet payload;

[0357] The SRI-IP packet is determined based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet.

[0358] In some embodiments, the processing module 1102 is further configured to include at least one of the following:

[0359] In the absence of an IP address in the SRI-IP packet, the SRI-IP packet is identified based on third-party information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet.

[0360] When the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the IP address of the SRI interface.

[0361] When the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the address identification information of the SRI interface.

[0362] Corresponding to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG7 above, this disclosure also provides a data transmission device. Since the data transmission device provided in this disclosure corresponds to the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of FIG7 above, the implementation method of the data transmission method is also applicable to the data transmission device provided in this disclosure, and will not be described in detail in this disclosure.

[0363] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission device provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0364] As shown in Figure 12, the data transmission device 1200 includes a transceiver module 1201 and a processing module 1202.

[0365] The transceiver module 1201 is used to receive S-IP packets sent by the fourth network device.

[0366] Processing module 1202 is used to determine the SRI-IP packet based on third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet; wherein the third information is information added by a third network device;

[0367] The transceiver module 1201 is also used to send SRI-IP packets to the first network device.

[0368] In some embodiments, the first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point via an SRI interface.

[0369] In some embodiments, the SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following:

[0370] SRI-IP packets do not carry IP addresses;

[0371] The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface;

[0372] SRI-IP packets carry address identification information for the SRI interface.

[0373] In some embodiments, the IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0374] The SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the SRI interface's IP address.

[0375] In some embodiments, the address identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0376] The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0377] The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet;

[0378] The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

[0379] In some embodiments, address identification information is indicated by C-IP flow ID or D-IP flow ID.

[0380] In some embodiments, the processing module 1202 is further configured to:

[0381] Parse the SRI-IP packet to obtain the SRI-IP packet payload;

[0382] The IP packet is determined based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

[0383] Figure 13 is a block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device 1300 in this embodiment is intended to represent various forms of devices for wireless communication, such as terminal devices, network devices, where a terminal device may refer to a mobile terminal, wearable device, and other similar communication apparatus. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0384] As shown in Figure 13, the above-mentioned communication device 1300 includes:

[0385] The memory 1301 and the processor 1302 are connected by a bus 1303, which connects different components (including the memory 1301 and the processor 1302). The memory 1301 stores a computer program. When the processor 1302 executes the program, it implements the data transmission method of the present disclosure embodiment applied to a first network device or a data transmission method applied to a third network device.

[0386] Bus 1303 represents one or more of several bus architectures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor, or a local bus using any of the various bus architectures. Examples of these architectures include, but are not limited to, the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, the Enhanced ISA bus, the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0387] Communication device 1300 typically includes a variety of communication device readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by communication device 1300, including volatile and non-volatile media, and removable and non-removable media.

[0388] Memory 1301 may also include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 1304 and / or cache memory 1305. Communication device 1300 may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 1306 may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG13, commonly referred to as "hard disk drives"). Although not shown in FIG13, disk drives for reading and writing to removable non-volatile disks (e.g., "floppy disks") and optical disk drives for reading and writing to removable non-volatile optical disks (e.g., CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 1303 via one or more data media interfaces. Memory 1301 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules configured to perform the functions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0389] A program / utility 1308 having a set (at least one) of program modules 1307 may be stored, for example, in memory 1301. Such program modules 1307 include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 1307 typically perform the functions and / or methods described in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0390] The communication device 1300 can also communicate with one or more external devices 1309 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 1311, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the communication device 1300, and / or any device that enables the communication device 1300 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 1312. Furthermore, the communication device 1300 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 1313. As shown in Figure 13, network adapter 1313 communicates with other modules of the communication device 1300 via bus 1303. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figures, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with the communication device 1300, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0391] The processor 1302 performs various functional applications and data processing by running programs stored in the memory 1301.

[0392] It should be noted that the implementation process and technical principles of the communication device in this embodiment are explained in the foregoing description of the data transmission method applied to the first network device or the data transmission method applied to the third network device in the embodiments of this disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0393] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes a communication system, including: a network device; wherein the network device is configured to implement the data transmission method applied to a first network device or the data transmission method applied to a third network device provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0394] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the data transmission method applied to a first network device or the data transmission method applied to a third network device provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0395] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the data transmission method applied to a first network device or the data transmission method applied to a third network device provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0396] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, and disclosure of user personal information involved in this disclosure all comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0397] It should be noted that personal information collected from users should be used for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. Furthermore, such collection / sharing should only be conducted after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign an agreement / authorization that includes authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps must be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others with access to personal information data comply with their privacy policies and procedures.

[0398] This disclosure is intended to provide implementation schemes for users to selectively prevent the use or access to their personal information data. Specifically, this disclosure is intended to provide hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once personal information data is no longer needed, risks can be minimized by restricting data collection and deleting data. Furthermore, where applicable, such personal information is de-identified to protect user privacy.

[0399] In the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0400] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0401] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of preferred embodiments of this disclosure includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this disclosure pertain.

[0402] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0403] It should be understood that various parts of this disclosure can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0404] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0405] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0406] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, wherein, Applied to a first network device, the method includes: Receive Internet Protocol (IP) packets sent by the second network device; and Based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet, determine the Satellite Radio Link Interface - Internet Protocol (SRI-IP) packet; wherein the first information is information attached to the first network device; and The SRI-IP packet is sent to the third network device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point through the SRI interface.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following: The SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address; The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface; The SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; and The IP address of the SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the IP address of the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the IP address of the SRI interface.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The address identification information includes at least one of the following: The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The address identification information is indicated by either the Compressed IP Flow Identifier (C-IP flow ID) or the Derived IP Flow Identifier (D-IP flow ID).

7. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The step of determining the Satellite Radio Link Interface - Internet Protocol (SRI-IP) packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet includes: Parse the IP packet to obtain the payload of the IP packet; and The SRI-IP packet is determined based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The determination of the SRI-IP packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet includes at least one of the following: If the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address, the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet; When the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the IP address of the SRI interface. When the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the address identification information of the SRI interface.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: Situation information; Measurement information; Data transmission and reception status information.

10. A data transmission method, wherein, Applied to a third network device, the method includes: Receive an SRI-IP packet sent by a first network device; wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the first network device based on first information and / or the payload of an IP packet received from a second network device, and the first information is additional information added by the first network device; and The Satellite Internet Protocol (SIP) packet is determined based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet; wherein the second information is additional information provided by the third network device; and The S-IP packet is sent to the fourth network device.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point through the SRI interface.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following: The SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address; The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface; The SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; and The IP address of the SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the IP address of the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the IP address of the SRI interface.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The address identification information includes at least one of the following: The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The address identification information is indicated by either C-IP flow ID or D-IP flow ID.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein, The step of determining the Satellite Internet Protocol (SIP) packet based on the SRI-IP packet and / or the second information includes: Parse the SRI-IP packet to obtain the payload of the SRI-IP packet; and The S-IP packet is determined based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

17. The method according to any one of claims 10-16, wherein, The first information includes at least one of the following: Situation information; Measurement information; Data transmission and reception status information.

18. A data transmission method, wherein, Applied to a third network device, the method includes: Receive S-IP packets sent by the fourth network device; and The SRI-IP packet is determined based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet; wherein the third information is information added by the third network device; and The SRI-IP packet is sent to the first network device.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein, The first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point through the SRI interface.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following: The SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address; The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface; The SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein, The IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; and The IP address of the SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the IP address of the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the IP address of the SRI interface.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein, The address identification information includes at least one of the following: The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein, The address identification information is indicated by either C-IP flow ID or D-IP flow ID.

24. The method of claim 20, wherein, Determining the SRI-IP packet based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet includes: Parse the S-IP packet to obtain the payload of the S-IP packet; and The SRI-IP packet is determined based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein, The determination of the SRI-IP packet based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet includes at least one of the following: If the SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address, the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet; When the SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface, the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the IP address of the SRI interface. When the SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface, the third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet are used as the payload of the SRI-IP packet, and the SRI-IP packet is determined based on the payload of the SRI-IP packet and the address identification information of the SRI interface.

26. A data transmission method, wherein, Applied to a first network device, the method includes: Receive SRI-IP packets sent by a third network device; wherein the SRI-IP packets are determined by the third network device based on third information and / or the payload of S-IP packets received from a fourth network device, and the third information is additional information added by the third network device; and The IP packet is determined based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet; wherein the fourth information is information added by the first network device; and The IP packet is sent to the second network device.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein, The first network device and the third network device transmit data point-to-point through the SRI interface.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein, The SRI-IP package includes at least one of the following: The SRI-IP packet does not carry an IP address; The SRI-IP packet carries the IP address of the SRI interface; The SRI-IP packet carries the address identification information of the SRI interface.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein, The IP address of the SRI interface includes at least the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; and The IP address of the SRI interface uses a short IP address definition method, or, in response to the IP address of the SRI interface using a long IP address definition method, the SRI-IP packet only carries the target bit field with different values ​​in the IP address of the SRI interface.

30. The method according to claim 28, wherein, The address identification information includes at least one of the following: The identifier corresponding to the address pair consisting of the source IP address and the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the source IP address of the SRI-IP packet; The identifier corresponding to the destination IP address of the SRI-IP packet.

31. The method according to claim 28, wherein, The address identification information is indicated by either C-IP flow ID or D-IP flow ID.

32. The method according to claim 26, wherein, The step of determining the IP packet based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet includes: Parse the SRI-IP packet to obtain the payload of the SRI-IP packet; and The IP packet is determined based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet.

33. A data transmission device, wherein, Applied to a first network device, the device includes: The transceiver module is used to receive Internet Protocol (IP) packets sent by the second network device; and The processing module is configured to determine the Satellite Radio Link Interface - Internet Protocol (SRI-IP) packet based on the first information and / or the payload of the IP packet; wherein the first information is information attached to the first network device; and The transceiver module is also used to send the SRI-IP packet to a third network device.

34. A data transmission device, wherein, Applied to a third network device, the device includes: A transceiver module is configured to receive SRI-IP packets sent by a first network device; wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the first network device based on first information and / or the payload of an IP packet received from a second network device, and the first information is additional information added by the first network device; and The processing module is configured to determine the Satellite Internet Protocol (SIP) packet based on the second information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet; wherein the second information is additional information provided by the third network device; and The transceiver module is also used to send the S-IP packet to the fourth network device.

35. A data transmission device, wherein, Applied to a third network device, the device includes: The transceiver module is used to receive S-IP packets sent by a fourth network device; and The processing module is configured to determine the SRI-IP packet based on third information and / or the payload of the S-IP packet; wherein the third information is information added by the third network device; and The transceiver module is also used to send the SRI-IP packet to the first network device.

36. A data transmission device, wherein, Applied to a first network device, the device includes: A transceiver module is used to receive SRI-IP packets sent by a third network device; wherein the SRI-IP packet is determined by the third network device based on third information and / or the payload of S-IP packets received from a fourth network device, and the third information is additional information added by the third network device; and The processing module is configured to determine the IP packet based on the fourth information and / or the payload of the SRI-IP packet; wherein the fourth information is information attached by the first network device; and The transceiver module is also used to send the IP packet to the second network device.

37. A communication device, wherein, include: One or more processors; and One or more memories used to store instructions; The processor is configured to invoke the instructions to cause the communication device to execute the data transmission method of any one of claims 1-9, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 10-17, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 18-25, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 26-32.

38. A communication system, wherein, Including network equipment; The network device is configured to implement the data transmission method of any one of claims 1-9, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 10-17, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 18-25, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 26-32.

39. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, wherein, When the instruction is executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the data transmission method of any one of claims 1-9, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 10-17, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 18-25, or the data transmission method of any one of claims 26-32.

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