Adaptive control method and system for transmitter gain of LPO optical module, and optical module

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of optical communications, and specifically relates to an adaptive control method and system for a transmitter gain of an LPO optical module, and an optical module. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a maximum gain peak value and an output amplitude acquisition value of an LPO optical module state machine in a normal operating state; performing fitting calculation on the basis of the output amplitude acquisition value and a peak value control look-up table to determine a comprehensive output amplitude; comparing the comprehensive output amplitude with a target gain; and optical module firmware adaptively adjusting the transmitter gain of an LPO optical module on the basis of a comparison result and by considering the maximum gain peak value. In the present application, different switch ports and different high and low temperature environments can be adaptively matched, so that the matching efficiency between an LPO optical module and a switch can be effectively improved, thereby reducing unnecessary labor construction costs and maintenance costs of an application end and various errors and deviations caused by manual debugging.

Description

LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method, system, and optical module

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024116727683, filed on November 21, 2024, entitled "LPO Optical Module Transmitter Gain Adaptive Control Method, System and Optical Module", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and more specifically, to an adaptive control method, system, and optical module for the transmitter gain of an LPO optical module. Background Technology

[0004] With the rapid development of the optical communication industry, and driven by the massive demand for 5G and artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years, the market demand for optical modules has grown rapidly. Data center network speeds are gradually evolving from 100G, 200G, and 400G to 800G and 1.6T, and may even reach 3.2T in the near future. This explosive growth in demand for data center optical networks has quickly impacted the optical module supply side, directly driving the continuous improvement of optical module speeds. However, technological iteration is not simply about doubling the numbers. After reaching the 400G speed stage, while solving the problem of increasing data transmission rates, challenges must also be faced regarding increased power consumption, demanding packaging methods, and the cost of optical modules.

[0005] In the early days, a 10G optical module consumed only about 1W of power. However, current optical modules (400G and 800G) generally consume over 10W. This dramatic increase in power consumption has led to a rapid rise in their share of the total power consumption of the entire device, currently accounting for 40% or more. This places a significant burden on the energy utilization and costs of the entire data center. To address these issues, the industry has explored various approaches, with linear-drive pluggable optical modules (LPO) being one of the main focuses.

[0006] LPO optical modules employ a linear drive strategy, replacing digital signal processors (DSPs) or clock and data recovery (CDRs) with transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs) and drivers that offer superior linearity and equalization capabilities. This avoids the drawbacks of high power consumption and high link latency associated with DSP or CDR optical modules, making them better suited to the current data communication needs of data centers, which require short distances, high bandwidth, low power consumption, and low latency.

[0007] Compared to traditional optical modules, LPO optical modules offer advantages primarily in four aspects: low power consumption, low cost, low latency, and ease of maintenance. However, correspondingly, the lack of DSP and CDR integration inevitably leads to increased bit error rate and excessive insertion loss in linear drive. Especially under varying temperatures, maintaining low bit error rate and insertion loss between different switches typically requires individual matching of LPO modules using different finite impulse response (FIR) filters or other parameters, resulting in significant construction costs. Furthermore, subsequent maintenance presents difficulties and escalating costs. Therefore, effectively reducing these costs by addressing these challenges at their root (LPO series optical modules) has been a key research focus for researchers.

[0008] Under the existing optical communication network conditions, the application of LPO optical modules is as follows: The switch adjusts the parameters of the LPO optical module through the IIC bus and the parameter adjustment protocol agreed with the optical module manufacturer to match the data reception and transmission at the other end; the current optimization method of LPO optical modules is mainly to manually adjust the parameter setting values ​​in conjunction with the setting parameters on the switch side under different data transmission performance, which has the following defects: (1) It is difficult to traverse the parameter setting values. Under the premise that the parameters of any electrical port of the switch change, each switch needs to traverse the parameters of the optical module again. Otherwise, the consistency of communication cannot be guaranteed. Within the setting range of all parameters, different parameter combinations of the switch require different parameter settings. (1) The value can achieve the optimal output conditions; (2) The insertion loss of each port of the switch is different. If it is necessary to match the insertion loss of different ports of different switches, the parameter setting value also needs to be traversed. Otherwise, it will affect the handshake communication and communication efficiency between optical modules; (3) Under different temperature and different insertion loss conditions, it is often difficult to find a balance point by manually adjusting the parameter setting value. Therefore, each switch needs to be manually sorted and traversed for configuration. Under this premise, the workload of any data center is an extremely labor-intensive and material-intensive project. In addition to increasing the cost, the human error and mistakes introduced by manually configuring the equipment should not be underestimated. All of the above defects will bring considerable economic losses and negative impacts to the client.

[0009] Therefore, how to adaptively adjust the output gain of the transmitting end to reduce the insertion loss of the optical module channel is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0010] Application content

[0011] The purpose of this application is to provide an adaptive control method, system, and optical module for the transmitter gain of an LPO optical module. By determining the comprehensive output amplitude and comparing it with the target gain, and under the premise of synchronously adjusting the maximum gain peak under different insertion loss conditions, the adjustment of the transmitter gain is transferred from manual operation to the optical module firmware. The optical module firmware completes the matching and adaptive output of the transmitter gain, which can solve the technical problem of how to achieve adaptive adjustment of the transmitter output gain to reduce the insertion loss of the optical module channel.

[0012] This application achieves the following technical solution: an adaptive control method for the transmitting end gain of an LPO optical module, comprising the following steps: obtaining the maximum peak gain and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions; determining the comprehensive output amplitude based on the acquired output amplitude value and a peak control lookup table; comparing the comprehensive output amplitude with the target gain; and adaptively adjusting the transmitting end gain of the LPO optical module based on the comparison result and the maximum peak gain.

[0013] According to one alternative implementation, the maximum gain peak value is obtained based on the insertion loss condition of the current LPO optical module channel and through a peak control lookup table.

[0014] According to one optional implementation, the peak control lookup table divides the insertion loss condition into multiple levels, each level corresponding to a maximum gain peak value.

[0015] According to one optional implementation, obtaining the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions includes:

[0016] According to the preset sampling cycle of the LPO optical module, the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operation are collected.

[0017] According to one optional implementation, the frequency of the output amplitude acquisition value is 18 GHz to 20 GHz.

[0018] According to one optional implementation, the expression for the overall output amplitude is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] In the above formula, Indicates the overall output amplitude. This represents the slope of the corresponding gear in the peak control lookup table. This indicates the output amplitude measurement value. This represents the intercept of the corresponding gear in the peak control lookup table.

[0021] According to one optional implementation, before obtaining the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions, the method further includes:

[0022] After the LPO optical module is powered on, the state machine enters the initialization state. After configuring the initial transmitting end gain and the maximum gain peak value, the state machine switches to the normal operation state.

[0023] According to one optional implementation, the transmitter gain of the LPO optical module is adaptively adjusted based on the comparison results and the maximum gain peak value, specifically including:

[0024] When the overall output amplitude is greater than the target gain, the transmitter gain is gradually reduced until the stepping termination condition is met and the maximum gain peak value is adjusted synchronously. The stepping termination condition is that the absolute value of the deviation between the real-time acquired output amplitude value and the target gain is less than a set threshold.

[0025] According to one optional implementation, the transmitter gain of the LPO optical module is adaptively adjusted based on the comparison results and the maximum gain peak value, specifically including:

[0026] When the overall output amplitude is less than the target gain, the transmitter gain is increased step by step until the stepping termination condition is met and the maximum gain peak value is adjusted synchronously.

[0027] This application also provides an LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control system, including:

[0028] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the maximum peak gain and output amplitude of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions.

[0029] The calculation module is used to determine the comprehensive output amplitude based on the output amplitude acquisition value and the peak control lookup table fitting calculation.

[0030] The comparison module is used to compare the overall output amplitude with the target gain;

[0031] An adjustment module is used for the optical module firmware to adaptively adjust the transmitter gain of the LPO optical module based on the comparison results and the maximum gain peak value.

[0032] This application also provides an LPO optical module that applies the LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method described above.

[0033] The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method, system, and optical module technical solution provided in this application have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: Based on the output amplitude acquisition value, this application determines the comprehensive output amplitude and compares the comprehensive output amplitude with the target gain. Under the premise of synchronously adjusting the maximum gain peak under different insertion loss conditions, the adjustment of the transmitter gain is transferred from manual operation to the optical module firmware. The transmitter gain matching and adaptive output are completed through the optical module firmware. It can adaptively match different switch ports and different high and low temperature environments, effectively improve the matching efficiency between LPO optical modules and switches, and reduce unnecessary manpower construction and maintenance costs at the application end, as well as various errors and inaccuracies introduced by manual debugging. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating an adaptive gain control method for LPO optical module transmitter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive transmitter gain control provided in an embodiment of this application. Embodiments of the present invention

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0037] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating an adaptive gain control method for an LPO optical module provided in an embodiment of this application. Referring to Figure 1, the adaptive gain control method includes the following steps:

[0038] S101. Obtain the maximum peak gain and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions.

[0039] Optionally, the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operation can be collected according to the preset sampling cycle period of the LPO optical module.

[0040] In some implementations, the preset sampling cycle period of the LPO optical module can be flexibly set according to the actual application scenario, and there is no limitation on the specific value. It can be understood that by collecting the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operation according to the preset sampling cycle period of the LPO optical module, real-time acquisition of the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value can be achieved, thereby enabling subsequent real-time matching.

[0041] S102. Based on the output amplitude acquisition value and the peak control lookup table fitting calculation, determine the comprehensive output amplitude.

[0042] S103. Compare the overall output amplitude with the target gain.

[0043] S104. The optical module firmware adaptively adjusts the transmitting end gain of the LPO optical module based on the comparison results and the maximum gain peak value.

[0044] When the Linear-drive Pluggable Optics (LPO) is powered on, the state machine enters the initialization state. In the initialization state, after configuring the initial transmitting end gain, the maximum peak gain, and other adjustment parameters, the state machine switches to the normal operation state. After that, the LPO optical module enters the normal main loop. The initial transmitting end gain and the maximum peak gain are general values ​​configured by comprehensively considering the target customer's usage scenario and the actual physical characteristics of the module.

[0045] Under normal operating conditions, the output amplitude of the LPO optical module is acquired once in each main loop to ensure the real-time performance of subsequent fitting calculations and gain feedback adjustments.

[0046] In one optional embodiment of this example, the frequency of the output amplitude acquisition value is 18GHz to 20GHz, where 20GHz is hereinafter referred to as the 20GPKD value, and the output amplitude acquisition value at the 20GHz frequency is the dominant value.

[0047] In one optional implementation of this embodiment, the peak control lookup table divides the insertion loss condition into multiple levels, with each level corresponding to a maximum gain peak value.

[0048] Furthermore, each main loop synchronously acquires the maximum gain peak value (Peaking Ctrl) of the LPO optical module once. In one embodiment of this example, the maximum gain peak value is acquired by looking up the Peaking Ctrl LUT based on the insertion loss condition of the current LPO optical module channel.

[0049] It should be noted that the Peaking Ctrl LUT is a lookup table created before each LPO optical module leaves the factory, based on the physical characteristics of the LPO optical module within a preset temperature range (-40℃~85℃). It contains the maximum gain peak value corresponding to the optical module's transmitting end at different temperature levels.

[0050] It should be noted that, in one possible implementation, the peak control lookup table divides the total insertion loss condition into several levels, such as 20. For each level, the maximum gain peak value that needs to be set is calculated, and the maximum gain peak value is a range control value.

[0051] Based on the output amplitude acquisition and peak control lookup table fitting calculation, the comprehensive output amplitude is determined; the expression for the comprehensive output amplitude is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] In the above formula, Indicates the overall output amplitude. This represents the slope of the corresponding gear in the peak control lookup table. Indicates output amplitude acquisition. This represents the intercept of the corresponding gear in the peak control lookup table. and It can be calculated based on the peak control lookup table.

[0054] It should be noted that, in one possible implementation, the peak control lookup table divides the preset temperature range (low temperature -25℃ to high temperature 75℃) into several levels, for example, each level is 5℃, dividing the preset temperature range into 20 levels. When the minimum temperature of -25℃ and the maximum temperature of 75℃ are exceeded, the slope of the linear fitting is set to 0, and the intercept remains unchanged from the previous level. By dividing the temperature into levels, the influence of different insertion losses can be reduced, and the burden on the operation and calculation of the module firmware will not be too great.

[0055] Furthermore, the overall output amplitude The optical module firmware compares the target gain (target VGAIN value) with the target gain and adaptively adjusts the transmit end gain of the LPO optical module based on the comparison result and the maximum gain peak value. The adaptive transmit end gain control can be seen in Figure 2.

[0056] In one embodiment of this example, the transmitting end gain of the LPO optical module is adaptively adjusted based on the comparison results and the maximum gain peak value, specifically including:

[0057] When the overall output amplitude is greater than the target gain, the transmitter gain is decreased stepwise, and the overall output amplitude is negatively fed back to the VGAIN value until the stepping termination condition is met and the maximum gain peak value is adjusted synchronously. The stepping termination condition is that the absolute value of the deviation between the real-time acquired 20GPKD value and the target VGAIN value is less than a set threshold. When the overall output amplitude is less than the target gain, the transmitter gain is increased stepwise, and the overall output amplitude is positively fed back to the VGAIN value until the stepping termination condition is met and the maximum gain peak value is adjusted synchronously. After the termination condition is met, the state machine switches to the normal operation state, and calculates and monitors the 20GPKD value and the target VGAIN value in the normal operation state.

[0058] In summary, this application, based on the output amplitude acquisition value, determines the comprehensive output amplitude and compares it with the target gain. Under the premise of synchronously adjusting the maximum gain peak under different insertion loss conditions, the adjustment of the transmitting end gain is transferred from manual operation to the optical module firmware. The optical module firmware completes the transmitting end gain matching and adaptive output, which can adaptively match different switch ports and different high and low temperature environments. This can effectively improve the matching efficiency between LPO optical modules and switches, reduce unnecessary manpower construction and maintenance costs at the application end, and reduce various errors and inaccuracies introduced by manual debugging.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, this application provides an LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control system, which includes a data acquisition module, a calculation module, a comparison module, and an adjustment module.

[0060] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions; the calculation module is used to calculate and determine the comprehensive output amplitude based on the output amplitude acquisition value and the peak control lookup table; the comparison module is used to compare the comprehensive output amplitude with the target gain; and the adjustment module is used by the optical module firmware to adaptively adjust the transmitting end gain of the LPO optical module based on the comparison result and the comprehensive maximum gain peak value.

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, this application provides an LPO optical module that applies the above-described LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method.

[0062] The above are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. Industrial applicability

[0063] The above solution can adaptively match different switch ports and different high and low temperature environments. Compared with the existing manual configuration method, it can effectively improve the matching efficiency between LPO optical modules and switches, reduce unnecessary manpower construction and maintenance costs at the application end, and reduce various errors and mistakes introduced by manual debugging.

Claims

1. An adaptive gain control method for LPO optical module transmitter, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the maximum peak gain and output amplitude of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions; The comprehensive output amplitude is determined by fitting and calculating the output amplitude based on the acquired output amplitude value and the peak control lookup table. The overall output amplitude is compared with the target gain; The optical module firmware adaptively adjusts the transmitting end gain of the LPO optical module based on the comparison results and the maximum gain peak value.

2. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum gain peak value is obtained based on the insertion loss conditions of the current LPO optical module channel and through a peak control lookup table.

3. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The peak control lookup table divides the insertion loss condition into multiple levels, with each level corresponding to a maximum gain peak value.

4. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions includes: According to the preset sampling cycle of the LPO optical module, the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operation are collected.

5. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of the output amplitude acquisition value is 18GHz ~ 20GHz.

6. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The expression for the overall output amplitude is as follows: In the above formula, Indicates the overall output amplitude. This represents the slope of the corresponding gear in the peak control lookup table. This indicates the output amplitude measurement value. This represents the intercept of the corresponding gear in the peak control lookup table.

7. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before obtaining the maximum gain peak value and output amplitude acquisition value of the LPO optical state machine under normal operating conditions, the method further includes: After the LPO optical module is powered on, the state machine enters the initialization state. After configuring the initial transmitting end gain and the maximum gain peak value, the state machine switches to the normal operation state.

8. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the comparison results and considering the maximum gain peak value, the transmitter gain of the LPO optical module is adaptively adjusted, specifically including: When the overall output amplitude is greater than the target gain, the transmitter gain is gradually reduced until the stepping termination condition is met and the maximum gain peak value is adjusted synchronously. The stepping termination condition is that the absolute value of the deviation between the real-time acquired output amplitude value and the target gain is less than a set threshold.

9. The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Based on the comparison results and considering the maximum gain peak value, the transmitter gain of the LPO optical module is adaptively adjusted, specifically including: When the overall output amplitude is less than the target gain, the transmitter gain is increased step by step until the stepping termination condition is met and the maximum gain peak value is adjusted synchronously.

10. An adaptive gain control system for the transmitting end of an LPO optical module, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the maximum peak gain and output amplitude of the LPO optical module state machine under normal operating conditions. The calculation module is used to determine the comprehensive output amplitude based on the output amplitude acquisition value and the peak control lookup table fitting calculation. The comparison module is used to compare the overall output amplitude with the target gain; An adjustment module is used for the optical module firmware to adaptively adjust the transmitter gain of the LPO optical module based on the comparison results and the maximum gain peak value.

11. An LPO optical module, characterized in that, The LPO optical module transmitter gain adaptive control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied.

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