Methods of controlling causal agents of soybean disease, and compositions for the same

Abstract

Methods of prevention, control and / or suppression of fungal pathogens in soybean plants, such as those pathogens that cause target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and / or anthracnose, and compositions useful in such methods are provided. The methods generally involve applying a composition comprising zoxamide to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or field of soybean plants that comprise, or are susceptible to, a causal agent of target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and / or anthracnose.

Description

Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 METHODS OF CONTROLLING CAUSAL AGENTS OF SOYBEAN DISEASE, AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE SAMECROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority to U. S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No.63 / 724,576 filed on November 25, 2024, the contents of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD

[0002] Methods of preventing, treating and / or controlling fungal pathogens in soybean plants, such as at least one selected from Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum, and compositions useful in such methods are provided.SUMMARY OF VARIOUS ASPECTS OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0003] Methods for preventing, treating and / or controlling Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum are provided. These methods generally comprise applying an effective amount of zoxamide to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to, at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum. The methods described herein may prevent, treat and / or control Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum in the same application(s). Alternatively, the methods described herein may control Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria gylcines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, or Colletotrichum truncatum, if only one of said fungi is present.

[0004] The methods disclosed herein may further comprise selecting a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria gylcines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum before applying said effective amount of zoxamide. The method may comprise visually assessing one orAtty. Docket No. 037211.00156 more leaves of a soybean plant for one or more symptoms of at least one of target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and / or anthracnose before applying said effective amount of zoxamide. The symptoms of target spot may include at least one selected from brown spots or lesions on upper and / or lower leaf surfaces, optionally surrounded by a yellow margin or halo, wherein the lesions generally have a diameter of less than 2 cm, holes in the leaves, and / or defoliation. The symptoms of Septoria brown spot may include at least one selected from red or brown spots or lesions having a diameter of less than 1 cm on upper and / or lower leaf surfaces, yellowing leaves, and / or defoliation. The symptoms of frog eye leaf spot may include at least one selected from purple / brown / red discoloration on the upper surface of leaves, leathery appearance of leaves, and / or defoliation. The symptoms of white mold may include at least one selected from browning of leaves and / or stems, and / or white mold on stems and / or branches. The symptoms of anthracnose may include at least one selected from dark black or brown spots or lesions on the foliage, stems, petioles and / or pods, optionally with small black dots within the lesions.

[0005] Zoxamide may be applied one or more times, such as two, three, four or five times. In other aspects, an effective amount of zoxamide is applied at one or more principal growth stages of a soybean plant, wherein the growth stages are characterized by the BBCH scale.1For example, an effective amount of zoxamide may be applied during the principal growth stage 6 (flowering) and / or principal growth stage 7 (development of fruits and seeds) of the soybean plant, wherein the growth stages are characterized by the BBCH scale. In other aspects, the effective amount of zoxamide is applied three, four or five times during the principal growth stage 6 (flowering) and / or principal growth stage 7 (development of fruits and seeds) of the soybean plant. One of the applications of zoxamide may be before principal growth stage 6, for example during1BBCH is derived from Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical industry. Meier, U (2001), Growth Stages of Mono- and dicotyledonous plants, BBCH Monograph.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 principal growth stage 4 or 5. In an aspect, the effective amount of zoxamide is applied before any visible symptoms of one or more of the diseases are visible on the soybean plant.

[0006] Zoxamide may be applied at any effective rate. For example, zoxamide may be applied at a rate of from 30 g ai / ha to 480 g ai / ha, such as 60 g ai / ha to 120 g ai / ha, for example 60 g ai / ha to 150 g ai / ha.

[0007] In other aspects, the method comprises applying an effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum. In other aspects, the methods comprise selecting a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum before applying said effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients. In other aspects, the methods comprise applying zoxamide and the one or more active ingredients sequentially, or as a combined product. The zoxamide and the one or more active ingredients may display additive, or even synergistic, levels of control of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum.

[0008] In specific aspects, the one or more active ingredients are (a) azoles, in particular: azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, enilconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fluquinconazole, fenbuconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, oxpoconazole, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyrisoxazole, simeconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, tebuconazole, triticonazole; prochloraz, pefurazoate, imazalil, triflumizole, cyazofamid; benomyl, carbendazim, thiabendazole, fuberidazole, ethaboxam, etridiazole, or hymexazole; (b) strobilurins, in particular: azoxystrobin, benzothiostrobin, coumethoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, dimoxystrobin, fenaminstrobin, flufenoxystrobin, enestroburin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, mandestrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin,Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 pyraclostrobin, pyriminostrobin, pyrametostrobin, trifloxystrobin, triclopyricarb, pyraoxystrobin, fenamidone, famoxadone, or pyribencarb; (c) carboxamides, in particular: carboxin, benalaxyl, benodanil, boscalid, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenpyrazamine, flutolanil, furalaxyl, furametpyr, isofetamid, isotranil, kiralaxyl, mepronil, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, ofurace, oxadixyl, oxycarboxin, penthiopyrad, pyrimorph, thifluzamide, tiadinil, bixafen, dimethomorph, flumorph, flumetover, fluopicolide (picobenzamid), zoxamide, carpropamid, diclocymet, mandipropamid, isopyrazam, fluxapyroxad, sedaxane, penflufen, or fluopyram; (d) heterocylic compounds, in particular: benzovindiflupyr, isofetamid, fluazinam, pyrifenox, bupirimate, cyprodinil, fenarimol, ferimzone, mepanipyrim, nuarimol, pyrimethanil, triforine, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, aldimorph, chloozolinate, dimethirimol, dodemorph, ethirimol, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, fenpropidin, iprodione, piperalin. procymidone, vinclozolin, famoxadone, fenamidone, octhilinone, probenazole, pyrisoxazole, amisulbrom, anilazine, diclomezine, pyroquilon, proquinazid, tricyclazole, acibenzolar-S-methyl, captafol, captan, dazomet, folpet, fenoxanil, or quinoxyfen; or (e) carbamates, in particular: mancozeb, maneb, metam, metiram, ferbam, propineb, thiram, zineb, ziram, benthiavalicarb, dietho fencarb, iodocarb, iprovalicarb, flubenthiavalicarb, methasulfocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb, pyributicarb, or valifenalate. In other aspects, the one or more active ingredients is applied at a rate of from 30 g ai / ha to 500 g ai / ha, such as from 50 g ai / ha to 250 g ai / ha, or from 70 g ai / ha to 100 g ai / ha. The ratio between zoxamide and the one or more active ingredients is between 20:1 and 1:20 (w / w), such between 10:1 and 1:10 (w / w), such as between 7:1 and 1:7 (w / w), for example between 3:1 and 1:3 (w / w), or between 2:1 and 1:2 (w / w), or where the ratio is 1:1 (w / w).

[0009] In particular aspects, the one or more active ingredients is selected from prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin. The tebuconazole may be applied at a rate of 50 to 200 g ai / ha, 70 to 120 g ai / ha, or 100 g ai / ha. The trifloxystrobin may be applied at a rate of 30 to 200 g ai / ha, 40 to 150 g ai / ha, or 50 to 70 g ai / ha. The prothioconazole may be applied at a rate of 60 to 250 g ai / ha, 80 to 200 g ai / ha, or 120 to 180 g ai / ha. The ratio betweenAtty. Docket No. 037211.00156 zoxamide and prothioconazole may be between 20:1 and 1:20 (w / w), such as between 10:1 and 1:10 (w / w), for example between 3:1 and 1:3 (w / w). The ratio between zoxamide and tebuconazole may be between 20:1 and 1:20 (w / w), such as between 10:1 and 1:10 (w / w), for example between 3:1 and 1:3 (w / w). The ratio between zoxamide and trifloxystrobin may be between 20:1 and 1:20 (w / w), such as between 10:1 and 1:10 (w / w), for example between 3:1 and 1:3 (w / w).

[0010] In other aspects, the disclosure provides a composition comprising zoxamide and at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin. In a particular aspect, zoxamide and at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin are suitable for application in a tank mix of products (one comprising zoxamide and one comprising prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin) or as a combination product comprising both zoxamide and at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin. The tank mix may comprise 0.2 to 3.0 g / L of zoxamide and 0.05 to 1.5 g / L of at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin. The combination product may comprise 200 to 300 g / L of zoxamide and 100 to 200 g / L of at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 shows the results of using zoxamide for the control of target spot (Corynespora cassiicola), as described in Example 1.

[0012] Figure 2 shows the results of using zoxamide in the control of brown spot (Septoria glycines), as described in Example 1.

[0013] Figure 3 shows the results of using zoxamide in the control of frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), as described in Example 2.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Methods of prevention, control and / or suppression of fungal pathogens in soybean plants, such as those pathogens that cause target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and / or anthracnose, and compositions useful in such methods are provided. The methods generally involve applying a composition (e.g., via spraying) that comprises an effective amount of zoxamide to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants that comprise, or are susceptible to, a causal agent of target spot (Corynespora cassiicola), Septoria brown spot (Septoria glycines), frog eye leaf spot (Cercospora sojind), white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), and / or anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum). For the avoidance of doubt, “a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants” extends to any arrangement or quantity of soybean plants, and is therefore understood as including one or more soybean plants.

[0015] Zoxamide (CAS No. 156052-68-5; C14H16Cl3NO2; 3,5-Dichloro-N-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-4-methylbenzamide)) is a commercially available fungicide. For example, ZOXIUM® 240 SC (zoxamide 240g / L) is sold by GOWAN® and may be used for the methods described herein.

[0016] In one aspect, the effective amount of zoxamide may be applied during one or more principal growth stages as characterized by the BBCH scale. According to the BBCH scale, the principal growth stages include:• Principal growth stage 0: Germination (Seed)• Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development (Main shoot)• Principal growth stage 2: Formation of side shoots• Principal growth stage 3: Shoot development• Principal growth stage 4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts (Main shoot) • Principal growth stage 5: Inflorescence emergence (Main shoot)• Principal growth stage 6: Flowering (Main shoot)Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 • Principal growth stage 7: Development of fruits and seeds• Principal growth stage 8: Ripening of fruits and seeds• Principal growth stage 9: Senescence

[0017] In some aspects, the effective amount of zoxamide may be applied at one or more of any of the principal growth stages, wherein the growth stages are characterized by the BBCH scale. In particular aspects, the effective amount of zoxamide is applied during the principal growth stage 6 (flowering) and / or principal growth stage 7 (development of fruits and seeds) of the soybean plant, wherein the growth stages are characterized by the BBCH scale. In another aspect, the zoxamide may be applied at principal growth stage 0 (germination), for example zoxamide may be applied to seed prior or during planting. In other aspects, the effective amount of zoxamide is applied one, two, three, four, five or more times during the principal growth stage 6 (flowering) and / or principal growth stage 7 (development of fruits and seeds) of the soybean plant.

[0018] In one aspect, the method comprises selecting a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants that comprise, or are susceptible to, at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum before applying said effective amount of zoxamide. The method may comprise visually assessing one or more leaves of a soybean plant for one or more symptoms of at least one of target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and / or anthracnose before applying said effective amount of zoxamide. The symptoms of target spot may include at least one selected from brown spots or lesions on upper and / or lower leaf surfaces, optionally surrounded by a yellow margin or halo, wherein the lesions generally have a diameter of less than 2 cm, holes in the leaves, and / or defoliation. The symptoms of Septoria brown spot may include at least one selected from red or brown spots or lesions having a diameter of less than 1 cm on upper and / or lower leaf surfaces, yellowing leaves, and / or defoliation. The symptoms of Frog eye leaf spot may include at least one selected from purple / brown / red discoloration on the upper surface of leaves, leathery appearance of leaves, and / or defoliation. The symptoms of white mold may include at least one selected fromAtty. Docket No. 037211.00156 browning of leaves and / or stems, and / or white mold on stems and / or branches. The symptoms of anthracnose may include at least one selected from dark black or brown spots or lesions on the foliage, stems, petioles and / or pods, optionally with small black dots within the lesions.

[0019] The zoxamide may be applied at a rate of 30 g ai / ha to 480 g ai / ha, such as from 60 g ai / ha to 120 g ai / ha, for example 60 g ai / ha to 150 g ai / ha. For example, zoxamide may be applied at a rate of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 300, 320, 340, 360, 380, 400, 420, 440, 460, or 480 g ai / ha or any range using these numbers as end points (e.g., 100 to 220g ai / ha). In specific examples, zoxamide is applied at a rate of 30 g ai / ha, 60 g ai / ha, 90 g ai / ha, 120 g ai / ha, or 150 g ai / ha.

[0020] Zoxamide may be applied in any suitable composition. The composition comprising zoxamide may include other inert materials as co-formulants such as surfactants, emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, anti-foam agents, compatibility agents, sequestering agents, neutralizing agents and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, colorants, odorants, solvents, wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, pH buffering agents, freeze point depressants, antimicrobial agents, crop oil, safeners, adhesives, preservatives, drift retardants, penetration agents, compatibility agents, water conditioners, protective colloids, tackifiers, thickening agents, dispersing agents and carriers, and mixtures thereof.

[0021] The zoxamide may be applied (e.g., sprayed) onto a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants (e.g., on the leaves) using ground-based equipment (e.g., by a conventional hydraulic boom sprayer either self-propelled or tractor hauled) or aerially (e.g., by airplane, helicopter or unmanned aerial vehicle).

[0022] In one aspect, zoxamide is applied to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants on a weekly or bi-weekly basis. In another aspect, zoxamide is applied to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants one, two, there, four, five or more times. For example, in one aspect, zoxamide is applied twice with between two to six weeksAtty. Docket No. 037211.00156 between the first application and the second application. In an aspect, there is an interval of 14 days between each spray.

[0023] In another aspect, the method comprises applying an effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants that comprise, or are susceptible to, at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum. The method may comprise selecting a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant or a field of soybean plants that comprise, or are susceptible to, at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum before applying said effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients. For example, the selection may involve visually assessing one or more leaves of a soybean plant for one or more symptoms of at least one of target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and / or anthracnose before applying said effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients.

[0024] The one or more active ingredients may comprise (a) azoles, in particular: azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, enilconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fluquinconazole, fenbuconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, oxpoconazole, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyrisoxazole, simeconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, tebuconazole, triticonazole; prochloraz, pefurazoate, imazalil, triflumizole, cyazofamid; benomyl, carbendazim, thiabendazole, fuberidazole, ethaboxam, etridiazole, or hymexazole; (b) strobilurins, in particular: azoxystrobin, benzothiostrobin, coumethoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, dimoxystrobin, fenaminstrobin, flufenoxystrobin, enestroburin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, mandestrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyriminostrobin, pyrametostrobin, trifloxystrobin, triclopyricarb, pyraoxystrobin, fenamidone, famoxadone, or pyribencarb; (c) carboxamides, in particular: carboxin, benalaxyl, benodanil, boscalid, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenpyrazamine, flutolanil, furalaxyl, furametpyr,Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 isofetamid, isotranil, kiralaxyl, mepronil, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, ofurace, oxadixyl, oxycarboxin, penthiopyrad, pyrimorph, thifluzamide, tiadinil, bixafen, dimethomorph, flumorph, flumetover, fluopicolide (picobenzamid), zoxamide, carpropamid, diclocymet, mandipropamid, isopyrazam, fluxapyroxad, sedaxane, penflufen, or fluopyram; (d) heterocylic compounds, in particular: benzovindiflupyr, isofetamid, fluazinam, pyrifenox, bupirimate, cyprodinil, fenarimol, ferimzone, mepanipyrim, nuarimol, pyrimethanil, triforine, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, aldimorph, chloozolinate, dimethirimol, dodemorph, ethirimol, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, fenpropidin, iprodione, piperalin. procymidone, vinclozolin, famoxadone, fenamidone, octhilinone, probenazole, pyrisoxazole, amisulbrom, anilazine, diclomezine, pyroquilon, proquinazid, tricyclazole, acibenzolar-S-methyl, captafol, captan, dazomet, folpet, fenoxanil, or quinoxyfen; or (e) carbamates, in particular: mancozeb, maneb, metam, metiram, ferbam, propineb, thiram, zineb, ziram, benthiavalicarb, dietho fencarb, iodocarb, iprovalicarb, flubenthiavalicarb, methasulfocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb, pyributicarb, or valifenalate. In other aspects, wherein the one or more active ingredients is applied at a rate of from 30 g ai / ha to 500 g ai / ha, such as from 50 to 250 g ai / ha, or from 70 g ai / ha to 100 g ai / ha.

[0025] In an aspect, the one or more active ingredients are selected from azoles and strobilurins. In particular aspects, one or more active ingredients comprises at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin. The tebuconazole may be applied at a rate of 50 to 200 g ai / ha, 70 to 120 g ai / ha, or 100 g ai / ha. The trifloxystrobin may be applied at a rate of 30 to 200 g ai / ha, 40 to 150 g ai / ha, or 50 to 70 g ai / ha. The prothioconazole may be applied at a rate of 60 to 250 g ai / ha, 80 to 200 g ai / ha, or 120 to 180 g ai / ha. The zoxamide may be applied at a rate of 30 g ai / ha to 480 g ai / ha, such as from 60 g ai / ha to 120 g ai / ha. For example, zoxamide may be applied at a rate of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 150, 160, 180, 200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 300, 320, 340, 360, 380, 400, 420, 440, 460, or 480 g ai / ha or any range using these numbers as end points (e.g., 100 to 220g ai / ha). In specific examples, zoxamide is applied at a rate of 30 g ai / ha, 60 g ai / ha, 90 g ai / ha, 120 g ai / ha, or 150 g ai / ha.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156

[0026] In particular aspects, the ratio of zoxamide to one or more active ingredients is between 20:1 and 1:20 (w / w), such between 10:1 and 1:10 (w / w), such as between 7:1 and 1:7 (w / w), for example between 3:1 and 1:3 (w / w), or between 2:1 and 1:2 (w / w), or where the ratio is 1:1 (w / w). For example, the ratio (w / w) between zoxamide and one or more active ingredients such as prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin may be 20:1, 18:1, 16:1, 14:1, 12:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10. 1:12, 1:14, 1:16, 1:18, 1:20.

[0027] In other aspects, zoxamide and the one or more active ingredients (e.g., prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin) are applied at the same time (e.g., together as a combined product) or sequentially. A composition comprising zoxamide and the one or more active ingredients (e.g., prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin) may include other inert materials as co-formulants such as surfactants, emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, anti-foam agents, compatibility agents, sequestering agents, neutralizing agents and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, colorants, odorants, solvents, wetting agents, spreading agents, dispersing agents, pH buffering agents, freeze point depressants, antimicrobial agents, crop oil, safeners, adhesives, preservatives, drift retardants, penetration agents, compatibility agents, water conditioners, protective colloids, tackifiers, thickening agents, dispersing agents and carriers, and mixtures thereof. Similarly, when the zoxamide and one or more active ingredients (e.g., prothioconazole) are applied as separate products, they each may include other inert materials as described herein.

[0028] The zoxamide and one or more active ingredients (e.g., prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin) may be applied (e.g., sprayed) onto soybean plants or a field of soybean plants (e.g., on the leaves) using ground-based equipment (e.g., by a conventional hydraulic boom sprayer either self-propelled or tractor hauled, or by knapsack sprayer or other hand-held spray applicator) or aerially (e.g., by airplane, helicopter or unmanned aerial vehicle).

[0029] In another aspect, zoxamide and one or more active ingredients (e.g., prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin) are applied to the soybean plant or theAtty. Docket No. 037211.00156 field of soybean plants on a weekly or bi-weekly basis. In another embodiment, zoxamide and one or more active ingredients (e.g., prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin) are applied to the soybean plant or the field of soybean plants one, two, three, four, five or more times (e.g., two to six weeks between applications).

[0030] The soybean plant or field of soybean plants may comprise any soybean plant such as yellow, green, black, determinate, indeterminate, etc. In an aspect, the soybean plant comprises a conventional or genetically modified (GM) variety.

[0031] In other aspects, the disclosure provides a composition comprising zoxamide and at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin. In one example, the zoxamide and prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin are the only active ingredients. The composition may be suitable for use in a tank mix. For example, the composition may be applied either as a tank mix of products, one comprising zoxamide and one comprising prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin, or as a combination product comprising both zoxamide and prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin in varying amounts. For example, the zoxamide may be applied at a rate of 30 g ai / ha to 480 g ai / ha, such as from 60 g ai / ha to 120 g ai / ha. For example, zoxamide may be applied at a rate of 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 150, 160, 180, 200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 300, 320, 340, 360, 380, 400, 420, 440, 460, or 480 g ai / ha or any range using these numbers as end points (e.g., 100 to 220g ai / ha). In specific examples, zoxamide is applied at a rate of 30 g ai / ha, 60 g ai / ha, 90 g ai / ha, 120 g ai / ha, or 150 g ai / ha. The tebuconazole may be applied at a rate of 50 to 200 g ai / ha, 70 to 120 g ai / ha, or 100 g ai / ha, the trifloxystrobin may be applied at a rate of 30 to 200 g ai / ha, 40 to 150 g ai / ha, or 50 to 70 g ai / ha, and the prothioconazole may be applied at a rate of 60 to 250 g ai / ha, 80 to 200 g ai / ha, or 120 to 180 g ai / ha.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156EXAMPLESExample 1 - Field Study in Brazil

[0032] A field study was performed on a soybean crop (Neogen NEO 760 CE, maturation group 7.6) to evaluate the efficiency of zoxamide in the control of target spot {Coynespora cassiicola) and brown spot (Septoria glycines). The plant stand in the field was formed by 14 plants per meter and row spacing of 0.5 meters, with a population of 280,000 plants per hectare and fertilization of 350 kg.ha1of NPK 06-27-06 formula, over 200 kg.ha of KCl at 30 DAE (days after emergence). The assay was installed in an area with a history of occurrence of the disease and infection occurred naturally, therefore, no artificial inoculation with the pathogens of interest was performed before or during the conduction of the study.

[0033] Table 1 details the treatments tested with their respective doses of active ingredients (A. I.) and dose of commercial product (p.c.) per hectare. Treatment details are as follows:• ZOXIUM® 240 SC – zoxamide, suspension concentrate, A. I. concentration 240 g.L⁻¹• PREVINIL® – chlorothalonil, suspension concentrate, A. I. concentration 720 g.kg⁻¹• TEBUFORT® – tebuconazole, emulsifiable concentrate, A. I. concentration 200 g.L⁻¹• FLINT® 500 WG – trifloxystrobin, water-dispersible granule, A. I. concentration 500 g.kg⁻¹ • GALILEO EXCELL® – tetraconazole and azoxystrobin, suspension concentrate, A. I. concentration 80 g.L⁻¹ (tetraconazole) 100 g.L⁻¹ (azoxystrobin)• FUSÃO® – methominostrobin and tebuconazole, emulsifiable concentrate, A. I. concentration 110 g.L⁻¹ (methominostrobin) 165 g.L⁻¹ (tebuconazole)• EXCALIA MAX® – inpirfluxam and tebuconazole, suspension concentrate, A. I. concentration 60 g.L⁻¹ (inpirfluxam) 200 g.L⁻¹ (tebuconazole)Table 1AlDose (mL orTreatments concentration g ai / ha Application code g.ha1)(g. L or kg)1 Control - - -Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156AlDose (mL orTreatments concentration g ai / ha Application code g.ha1)(g. L or kg)2 ZOXIUM® 240 SC 240 250 60 ABCD 3 ZOXIUM® 240 SC 240 375 90 ABCD 4 ZOXIUM® 240 SC 240 500 120 ABCD 5 ZOXIUM® 240 SC 240 625 150 ABCD 6 PREVINIL® (SC) 720 1,500 1080 ABCD 7 TEBUFORT® (EC) 200 500 100 ABCD 708 FLINT® 500 WG 500 140 ABCD ZOXIUM® 240 SC 240 375 909 TEBUFORT® 200 500 100 ABCD FLINT® 500 WG 500 140 70ZOXIUM® 240 SC 240 375 9010 ABCD TEBUFORT® 200 500 100ZOXIUM® 240 SC 240 375 9011 ABCD FLINT® 500 WG 500 140 70TEBUFORT® 200 500 10012 ABCD FLINT® 500 WG 500 140 70GALILEO 80 + 10080 + 100 1,00013 EXCELL® SC ABCD 720 1,500PREVINIL® 1080FUSÃO® EC 110 + 165 580 63.8 + 95.714 ABCD PREVINIL® SC 720 1,500 1080EXCALIA MAX® 30 + 10015 60 + 200 500 ABCDSCApplication A — application carried out at BBCH stage 6. Application B — application performed 14 days after application A; Application C — application performed 14 days after application B; Application D — application performed 14 days after application C.

[0034] The fungicide treatments consisted of four foliar applications carried out using CO2 pressurized equipment (knapsack sprayer) at 14-day intervals. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments in controlling diseases in the soybean crop, which was naturally infested, five evaluations were carried out to quantify the severity of the disease in the plots and its selectivity to the soybean crop.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156

[0035] Evaluations were carried out at 0 (day of Application A, phenological stage BBCH 604), 14 DAA (14 days after Application A, phenological stage BBCH 609), 13 DAB (13 days after Application B, phenological stage BBCH 706), 6 DAC (6 days after Application C, phenological stage BBCH 706), 13 DAC (13 days after Application C, phenological stage BBCH 709), and 6 DAD (6 days after Application D, phenological stage BBCH 709). For each evaluation, the severity of disease in the plots was determined. A scale of 0 to 100% disease severity was used to help with the evaluations, where 0% means no disease symptoms and 100% means that the whole plant had disease symptoms (Juliatti & Polizel, Quantificacao de doen as foliares da soja por escalas diagramaticas; Fitopathologica Brasileira, Passo Fundo, v. 29, p S111, 2004 — 5 leaflets are considered per evaluation to determine the severity of the disease).

[0036] Table 2 shows the average data for target spot severity and AUDPC (area under the disease progress curve). Table 3 shows the average data for brown spot severity and AUDPC (area under the disease progress curve). %E signifies the effectiveness percentage. S-W values indicate the normal distribution of residuals according to the Shapiro-Wilk test at the 0.05 significance level. O-M values indicate homogeneity of variances by the Oneill & Matthews test at the 0.05 significance level, “ns” indicates not significant. This data is also presented in Figures 1 and 2.Dose Average target spot severity (Corynespora cassiicola) (%)mb orTreatments Code Preview 14DAA 13DAB 6DAC 13DAC 6DAD AUDPC g- p.c.ha1Mean Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E 1 Control - - 0 ns 9.75 a 12.75 a 29.5 a - 38.25 a - 62.75 a - 1112.12 a - ZOXIUM® 2402 250 ABCD 0 ns 6 b 38 6 b 53 18.5 c 37 28.25 b 26 35.25 c 44 683.37 b 39 SC ZOXIUM® 2403 375 ABCD 0 ns 6.5 b 33 6.5 b 49 17.5 c 41 23.75 c 38 30.75 d 51 639.62 b 42 SC ZOXIUM® 2404 500 ABCD 0 ns 5.75 b 41 5.75 b 55 15.5 c 47 19.5 d 49 26 e 59 551.25 c 50 SC ZOXIUM® 2405 625 ABCD 0 ns 5 b 49 5 b 61 13.75 c 53 16.5 d 57 18.75 70 465.5 d 58 SC g6 PREVINIL® 1,500 ABCD 0 ns 4.75 b 51 4.75 b 63 16.25 c 45 20.5 d 46 26 e 59 538.12 c 52 7 TEBUFORT® 500 ABCD 0 ns 4.25 b 56 4.25 b 67 23.25 b 21 30.25 b 21 39.25 b 37 712.25 b 36 FLINT® 5008 140 ABCD 0 ns 4.75 b 51 4.75 b 63 17.5 c 41 23 c 40 29.75 e 53 581.87 c 48 WG ZOXIUM®240SC 3759 TEBUFORT® 500 ABCD 0 ns 5.5 b 44 5.5 b 57 16.25 c 45 21.5 c 44 28.25 e 55 574.00 c 48 FLINT® 500 140WG ZOXIUM®24037510 SC ABCD 0 ns 3.5 b 64 3.5 b 73 19.75 c 33 28.25 b 26 35 c 44 625.62 b 44500TEBUFORT®ZOXIUM®240SC 37511 ABCD 0 ns 5 b 49 5 b 61 13.75 c 53 17 d 56 23 f 63 483.87 d 56 FLINT® 500 140WG TEBUFORT®50012 FLINT® 500 ABCD 0 ns 4.5 b 54 4.5 b 65 21.75 b 26 28.5 b 25 34.75 c 45 675.5 b 39140WGDose Average target spot severity (Corynespora cassiicola) (%)mb orTreatments Code Preview 14DAA 13DAB 6DAC 13DAC 6DAD AUDPC g- p.c.ha1Mean Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E Mean %E GALILEO1.00013 EXCELL® ABCD 0 ns 5.25 b 46 5.25 b 59 16 c 46 22.25 c 42 29.25 e 53 573.12 c 481.500PREVINIL®FUSAO® 58014 ABCD 0 ns 4.25 b 56 4.25 b 67 18 c 39 24.5 c 36 31.5 d 50 589.75 c 47 PREVINIL® 1.500EXCALIA15 500 ABCD 0 ns 4.75 b 51 4.75 b 63 21.25 b 28 31.75 b 17 38.25 b 39 712.25 b 36 MAX®Coefficient of variation (%) - 24 24.1 15.62 11.87 8.83 9.95S-W - 0.90 0.32 0.05 0.74 0.54 0.56O-M - 0.62 0.73 0.52 0.82 0.75 0.13j Table 2Dos Average brown spot severity (Septaria glycines) (%)eApplimL Preview 14DAA 13DAB 6DAC 13DAC 6DAD AUDPC Treatment cationor g.codep.c. % % % % % % Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean ha1E E E E E E 47.7i Control - - 4.5 ns 15 a - 21 a - 33 a - 41.25 a - a - 1337.8 a - 5ZOXIUM® 240 26.22 250 ABCD 4.5 ns 9.75 b 35 15.75 b 25 17.25 c 48 20.75 c 50 c 45 806.7 b 40 SC 5ZOXIUM® 2403 375 ABCD 3.5 ns 8.75 b 42 14.75 b 30 14.75 c 55 18.25 d 56 22.5 d 53 714.87 c 47 SC ZOXIUM® 240 23.24 500 ABCD 4 ns 7.75 b 48 13.75 b 35 14.75 c 55 18.5 d 55 d 51 694.75 c 48 SC 5ZOXIUM® 240 15.25 625 ABCD 3.75 ns 4.25 b 72 10.25 c 51 10 d 70 13.25 e 68 e 68 480.37 d 64 SC 520.76 PREVIN IL® 1.500 ABCD 3.5 ns 8 b 47 14 b 33 13.25 d 60 16.5 d 60 d 57 659.75 c 51531.77 TEBUFORT® 500 ABCD 5.5 ns 8.5 b 43 14.5 b 31 19 c 42 23.75 b 42 b 34 701.75 b 4858 FLINT® 500 WG 140 ABCD 4 ns 7.5 b 50 13.5 b 36 15.5 c 53 18.75 d 55 24.5 c 49 701.75 c 48 ZOXIUM® 240SC 37522.29 TEBUFORT® 500 ABCD 3.75 ns 7.5 b 50 13.5 b 36 14.5 d 56 17.75 d 57 d 53 674.62 c 505FLINT® 500 140WG ZOXIUM® 24037510 SC ABCD 3.5 ns 6 b 60 12 c 43 15.75 c 52 19.75 c 52 25.5 c 47 669.37 c 50500TEBUFORT®ZOXIUM® 240 u o SC 375 17.7 Q 11 ABCD 4.75 ns 4.75 b 68 10.75 c 49 11.75 b 64 15.25 e 63 e 63 542.50 d 59 FLINT® 500 140 5WG J TEBUFORT® o 50012 FLINT® 500 ABCD 3.75 ns 8.5 b 43 14.5 b 31 17 c 48 22.25 c 46 27.5 c 42 778.75 b 42140 o WG 0 GALILEO1.00013 EXCELL® ABCD 3.75 ns 8 b 47 14 b 33 16.5 c 50 19.75 c 52 24 c 50 729.75 c 451.500PREVIN IL® o o FUSAO® 58014 ABCD 3.75 ns 7 b 53 13 b 38 16.5 c 50 20.25 c 51 26.5 c 45 714.0 c 47 LPREVIN IL® 1.500EXCALIA 31.215 500 ABCD 4.75 ns 8.5 b 43 14.5 b 31 20.75 b 37 25.5 b 38 b 35 861.0 b 36 MAX® 5Coefficient of variation (%) 28.98 17.83 10.18 13.58 12.68 11.13 7.16 S-W 0.30 0.71 0.71 0.59 0.70 0.25 0.35O-M 0.59 0.57 0.57 0.82 0.36 0.16 0.35 Table 3Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156

[0037] From the results, it can be concluded that the highest dose of zoxamide tested (0.625 L.ha⁻¹; 150 g zoxamide / ha) demonstrated the best performance in spot control for the soybean crop. Zoxamide at 0.5 L.ha⁻¹ (120 g zoxamide / ha) also performed well in controlling the diseases evaluated. Zoxamide was also seen to perform positively in combination with tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin. As demonstrated, this positive effect was observed at ratios between zoxamide and tebuconazole of 1:1.11, and between zoxamide and trifloxystrobin at ratios of 1.28:1. In addition, no plant phyto toxicity or abnormality attributable to the treatments tested was observed in the soybean crop.Example 2 — In Vitro Study

[0038] Microplate studies were evaluated to test the effect of zoxamide on Cercospora sojina (frogeye leaf spot), a phytopathogenic fungus of soybean. Both zoxamide alone and zoxamide with prothioconazole were tested, as follows:Dose rate Rate Al Volume # Active Applications(mL / ha) g ai / ha (L) / ha1 Positive control none None N / A NoneZoxamide +2 250+365 60+175 1 200 ProthioconazoleZoxamide +3 375+365 90+175 1 200 ProthioconazoleZoxamide +4 500+365 120+175 1 200 ProthioconazoleZoxamide +5 625+365 150+175 1 200 Prothioconazole6 Zoxamide 250 60 1 2007 Zoxamide 375 90 1 200Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156Dose rate Rate Al Volume # Active Applications(mL / ha) g ai / ha (L) / ha8 Zoxamide 500 120 1 2009 Zoxamide 625 150 1 20010 Prothioconazole 365 175 1 200Table 4

[0039] A microplate study was conducted to illustrate the effect of a treatment composition comprising zoxamide as a treatment agent against Cercospora sojina. The pathogen incoculum was calibrated and a spore suspension of each strain was obtained at a concentration of IxlO4spores / ml in a potato dextrose broth medium (PDB). 100 µl of calibrated spore suspension in the PDB culture media was transferred into microtiter plate wells. The positive control comprised the growth media (potato dextrose broth) and the pathogen. The plates were incubated for 7 days at 25 °C in darkness. Evaluation was performed after 7 days by performing optical density measurements of the fungal growth.

[0040] Based on the optical density data, the values for the percentage of inhibition of fungal growth are calculated for each treatment rate using Abbott’s formula: Fungal growth c-' / ' _,.,,reduction % = (C-T) / (C*100), where C=mycelial growth in the positive control and T=Mycelial growth in the wells including the treatment compositions. As illustrated in Figure 3, the treatment compositions comprising zoxamide alone show a good level of control for zoxamide alone, in particularly at a rate of 500 ml / ha and 625 ml / ha (120 g zoxamide / ha and 150 g zoxamide / ha). Good control for a zoxamide and prothioconazole mixture is also evident.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 Example 3 - Plate assay

[0041] Plate assay studies were evaluated to test the effect of zoxamide on Sclerotinia sclerotium, a phytopathogenic fungus of soybean. Plate assay study was conducted to illustrate the effect of a treatment composition comprising zoxamide as a treatment agent against Sclerotinia sclerotium. Agar medium was prepared by mixing in a 100 ml Duran bottle 3,9 g of potato dextrose agar (PDA) with 100 ml deionized water and autoclaving the Duran bottle at 120 °C for 15 minutes. After autoclaving, the solution was cooled by putting it in a 50 °C oven for about two hours. Afterward the semi-liquid PDA solution was carefully mixed with zoxamide active ingredient as specified in Table 5 (left column). The medium in the Duran bottle was divided over 5 petri dishes (90 x 15mm). Hereafter, a circular agar mycelium plug (circular segment with a height on 5 mm of agar, fully grown with fresh Sclerotia sclerotium mycelium, which was cut out of a petri dish with the broad side of a yellow pipette tip (200 pl tips) with a diameter of 5 mm, was placed in the center of the petri dish. Hereafter the petri dishes were placed in the incubator at 22 °C for one day. Measurement of the fungal growth was done using a caliper, the diameter of the fungal colony was measured, and the surface area of the growing colony was calculated. Each treatment was performed in five folds. Based on the surface area of the fungal colony, the values for the percentage of inhibition of fungal growth were calculated for each treatment rate using Abbott’s formula.

[0042] As illustrated in Table 5, the treatment compositions comprising zoxamide alone show a good level of control of the fungus. In addition, a dose-rate response of zoxamide against Sclerotinia sclerotium was observed.Table 5. Antifungal effect of zoxamide (ZOXIUM®240 SC) against Sclerotinia sclerotium infection.Zoxamide (ppm) Avg infected Observedarea (mm2) %0 1457.2 0.00.05 1031.8 29.20.17 747.8 48.70.26 413.3 71.60.34 343.3 76.40.43 301.7 79.3Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 Example 4 - Microtiter plate assay

[0043] A microplate study was conducted to illustrate the effect of a treatment composition comprising zoxamide as a treatment agents against Colletotnchum truncaturum, (anthracnose), a phytopathogenic fungus of soybean. Both zoxamide alone and zoxamide with prothioconazole were tested, dose rates are given in table 5. The experiment was carried out as described in example 2, with the exception that a spore suspension Colletotnchum truncaturum at a concentration of 1x104spores / ml was used.

[0044] In some instances, the stimulation of the zoxamide activity by a second ai was found to be synergistic. The Colby equation (Colby, 1967. Weeds 15: 20—22) was used to calculate the expected fungicidal activity (E in %) of a combination comprising more than one activeE = X + Y – [(X · Y) / 100]ingredients:wherein X and Y are the observed fungicidal activities (in %) of the individual active ingredients x and y, respectively. If the observed fungicidal activity (O in %) of the combination exceeds the expected fungicidal activity (E in %) of the combination then the synergy factor O / E is thus > 1.0, the combined application of the active ingredients leads to a synergistic fungicidal effect.

[0044] As illustrated in Table 6, the treatment compositions comprising zoxamide alone show a good level of control of the fungus. In addition, a dose-rate response of zoxamide against Colletotnchum truncatum was observed. Surprisingly a synergistic effect was observed in the composition containing zoxamide and prothioconazole at ratio 1:1.45 to 1.29 (w / w zoxamide:prothioconazole).Table 6. Antifungal effect of zoxamide (ZOXIUM®240 SC) and prothioconazole (Proline®) against Colletotnchum truncatum infection.Treatments Observed Expected O / E Synergistic(g ai / ha) efficacy (%) efficacy effect(%)Zoxamide 60 61Zoxamide 90 65.8Zoxamide 120 82.3Zoxamide 150 86.9Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156Treatments Observed Expected O / E Synergistic (g ai / ha) efficacy (%) efficacy effect (%)Prothioconazole 175 86.2Zoxamide 60 +96.5 94.62 1.02 Synergism Prothioconazole 175Zoxamide 90 +100 95.28 1.05 Synergism Prothioconazole 175Zoxamide 120 +100 97.56 1.04 SynergismProthioconazole 175

Claims

Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156CLAIMS1. A method for preventing, treating and / or controlling at least one selected from Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Colletotrichum truncatum comprising applying an effective amount of zoxamide to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to, at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to, at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum before applying said effective amount of zoxamide.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising visually assessing one or more leaves of a soybean plant for one or more symptoms of at least one of target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and anthracnose before applying said effective amount of zoxamide.

4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the method comprises applying the effective amount of zoxamide one, two, three, four, five or more times.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises applying the effective amount of zoxamide four times.

6. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein the effective amount of zoxamide is applied at the principal growth stage 6 (flowering) and / or principal growth stage 7 (development of fruits and seeds) of the soybean plant, wherein the growth stages are characterized by the BBCH scale.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the effective amount of zoxamide is applied between three and four times during the principal growth stage 6 (flowering) and / or principal growth stage 7 (development of fruits and seeds) of the soybean plant.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 8. The method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the zoxamide is applied at a rate of from 30 g ai / ha to 480 g ai / ha, such as from 60 g ai / ha to 150 g ai / ha, for example 120 g ai / ha.

9. The method of any one of claims 1-8, comprising applying an effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients to a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising selecting a soybean seed, soil, a soybean plant, or a field of soybean plants comprising, or susceptible to at least one of Corynespora cassiicola, Septoria glycines, Cercospora sojina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and / or Colletotrichum truncatum before applying said effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising visually assessing one or more leaves of a soybean plant for one or more symptoms of at least one of target spot, Septoria brown spot, frog eye leaf spot, white mold, and anthracnose before applying said effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients.

12. The method of any one of claims 9-11, comprising applying the effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients one, two, three, four, five or more times.

13. The method of any of claims 9-12, wherein the zoxamide and the one or more active ingredients are applied sequentially, or as a combined product.

14. The method of any one of claims 9-13, comprising applying the effective amount of zoxamide and one or more active ingredients at principal growth stage 6 (flowering) and / or principal growth stage 7 (development of fruits and seeds) of the soybean plant, wherein the growth stages are characterized by the BBCH scale.Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 15. The method of any one of claims 9-14, wherein the one or more active ingredients are (a) azoles, in particular: azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, enilconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fluquinconazole, fenbuconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, oxpoconazole, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyrisoxazole, simeconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, tebuconazole, triticonazole; prochloraz, pefurazoate, imazalil, triflumizole, cyazofamid; benomyl, carbendazim, thiabendazole, fuberidazole, ethaboxam, etridiazole, or hymexazole; (b) strobilurins, in particular: azoxystrobin, benzothiostrobin, coumethoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, dimoxystrobin, fenaminstrobin, flufenoxystrobin, enestroburin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, mandestrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyriminostrobin, pyrametostrobin, trifloxystrobin, triclopyricarb, pyraoxystrobin, fenamidone, famoxadone, or pyribencarb; (c) carboxamides, in particular: carboxin, benalaxyl, benodanil, boscalid, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenpyrazamine, flutolanil, furalaxyl, furametpyr, isofetamid, isotranil, kiralaxyl, mepronil, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, ofurace, oxadixyl, oxycarboxin, penthiopyrad, pyrimorph, thifluzamide, tiadinil, bixafen, dimethomorph, flumorph, flumetover, fluopicolide (picobenzamid), zoxamide, carpropamid, diclocymet, mandipropamid, isopyrazam, fluxapyroxad, sedaxane, penflufen, or fluopyram; (d) heterocylic compounds, in particular: benzovindiflupyr, isofetamid, fluazinam, pyrifenox, bupirimate, cyprodinil, fenarimol, ferimzone, mepanipyrim, nuarimol, pyrimethanil, triforine, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, aldimorph, chloozolinate, dimethirimol, dodemorph, ethirimol, fenpropimorph, tridemorph, fenpropidin, iprodione, piperalin. procymidone, vinclozolin, famoxadone, fenamidone, octhilinone, probenazole, pyrisoxazole, amisulbrom, anilazine, diclomezine, pyroquilon, proquinazid, tricyclazole, acibenzolar-S-methyl, captafol, captan, dazomet, folpet, fenoxanil, or quinoxyfen; or (e) carbamates, in particular: mancozeb, maneb, metam, metiram, ferbam, propineb, thiram, zineb, ziram, benthiavalicarb, diethofencarb, iodocarb,Atty. Docket No. 037211.00156 iprovalicarb, flubenthiavalicarb, methasulfocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb, pyributicarb, or valifenalate.

16. The method of any one of claims 9-15 wherein the one or more active ingredients is applied at a rate of from 30 g ai / ha to 500 g ai / ha, such as from 50 to 250 g ai / ha, or from 70 g ai / ha to 175 g ai / ha, for example 100 g ai / ha.

17. The method of any one of claims 9-16, wherein the one or more active ingredients is selected from prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and / or trifloxystrobin.

18. The method of any one of claims 9-17, wherein tebuconazole is applied at a rate of 50 to 200 g ai / ha, such as 70 to 120 g ai / ha, or 100 g ai / ha.

19. The method of any one of claims 9-18, wherein trifloxystrobin is applied at a rate of 30 to 200 g ai / ha, such as 40 to 150 g ai / ha, or 50 to 70 g ai / ha.

20. The method of any one of claims 9-19, wherein prothioconazole is applied at a rate of the prothioconazole may be applied at a rate of 60 to 250 g ai / ha, 80 to 200 g ai / ha, or 120 to 180 g ai / ha.

21. The method of any one of claims 9-20, wherein the ratio of zoxamide to the one or more active ingredients is between 20:1 and 1:20 (w / w), such between 10:1 and 1:10 (w / w), for example between 2:1 and 1:2 (w / w).

22. A composition comprising zoxamide and at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin.

23. A tank mix comprising zoxamide and at least one of prothioconazole, tebuconazole and / or trifloxystrobin.

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