Communication methods, communication device, communication system, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to communication methods, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium and a program product. A method comprises: receiving first information sent by a second device, wherein the first information is used for requesting a first device to perform data collection; and sending second information to the second device, wherein the second information comprises data collected on the basis of the first information, and the second information is used for model training. That is, the first device can send the collected data to the second device on the basis of a data collection request sent by the second device. In this way, the second device can perform model training on the basis of the data sent by the first device.

Description

Communication methods, communication equipment, communication systems, storage media and software products Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] Non-terrestrial Network (NTN) is an important technology introduced in 5G (5th generation mobile communication technology). NTN provides wireless resources through satellites (or drones) instead of terrestrial base stations. Satellite signal processing methods are divided into transparent transmission mode and regenerative mode. In transparent transmission mode, satellites can perform frequency conversion and signal amplification without signal modulation, while in regenerative mode, satellites can perform signal modulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, performed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0005] Receive first information sent by the second device, the first information being used to request the first device to collect data;

[0006] Send a second message to the second device, the second message including data collected based on the first message, the second message being used for model training.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, performed by a second device, the method comprising:

[0008] Send a first message to the first device, the first message being used to request the first device to collect data;

[0009] The system receives second information sent by the first device, the second information including data collected by the first device based on the first information, and the second information is used for model training.

[0010] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this disclosure, a communication device is provided that can be used to perform the methods described in an optional implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0011] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to perform a method as described in an optional implementation of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to perform a method as described in an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0012] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as described in an optional implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0013] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a program product is provided, including at least one of a program and instructions, wherein the program and instructions, when executed by a communication device, implement the method described in an optional implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0014] The technical solution provided in this disclosure can produce the following beneficial effects: receiving first information sent by a second device, the first information being used to request the first device to collect data; sending second information to the second device, the second information including data collected according to the first information, the second information being used for model training. In other words, the first device can send collected data to the second device according to the data collection request sent by the second device, so that the second device can perform model training based on the data sent by the first device.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of an NTN network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram illustrating a transparent transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram illustrating a regeneration mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram of interference according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram illustrating an AI-based interference detection according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of a model deployment of a regeneration mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of a model deployment of a regeneration mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 4C is a schematic diagram of the lifecycle of an NTN network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 4D is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product.

[0034] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0035] Receive first information sent by the second device, the first information being used to request the first device to collect data;

[0036] Send a second message to the second device, the second message including data collected based on the first message, the second message being used for model training.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the first device can send collected data to the second device according to the data collection request sent by the second device, so that the second device can perform model training based on the data sent by the first device.

[0038] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0039] The first identifier, different first identifiers correspond to different data collection requests;

[0040] Data collection configuration information, which is used to indicate the data to be collected;

[0041] A first indication is provided to indicate whether to retain context information of data collection when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the first device can collect data according to at least one of the first identifier indicated by the second device, data collection configuration information, and the first instruction, thereby improving the accuracy of data collection.

[0043] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0044] Signal measurement quantity;

[0045] Antenna configuration;

[0046] Beam configuration;

[0047] Interference information;

[0048] Time information;

[0049] Location information.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the first device can collect a variety of different data, so that the second device can be used to train a variety of different models.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0052] Data is collected based on the first piece of information.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the first device can collect data based on the first information, thereby improving the accuracy of receipt collection.

[0054] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0055] If it is determined that the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable at a first moment, the context information of data collection related to the second device is retained; wherein, the first moment is the current moment, or a moment after the current moment and the time interval between the current moment and the current moment is less than a first time threshold.

[0056] In the above embodiments, when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable, the first device can retain the context information of data collection related to the second device, thereby ensuring the continuity of receipt collection.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0058] Send a second instruction to the second device, the second instruction being used to instruct the second device to retain context information related to the data collection associated with the first device.

[0059] In the above embodiments, when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable, the second device can retain the context information of data collection related to the first device according to the second instruction sent by the first device, so that it can continue to receive the data collected by the first device after the connection is restored, thus ensuring the continuity of data collection.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second instruction includes at least one of the following: a device identifier of the first device, at least one first identifier, and different first identifiers corresponding to different data collection requests.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the second device can retain contextual information about data collection related to the first device based on the identifier of the first device and / or at least one first identifier, thereby avoiding data confusion.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0063] Once it is determined that the connection between the first device and the second device has been restored or re-established, the second information is sent to the second device.

[0064] In the above embodiments, after the connection between the first device and the second device is restored or re-established, the first device can continue to send the collected data to the second device, thereby ensuring the continuity of data collection.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0066] If the connection between the first device and the second device is determined to be unavailable, release the data collected based on the first information.

[0067] In the above embodiments, when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable, the first device can also release the data collected based on the first information, thereby saving the storage space of the first device.

[0068] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication method executed by a second device, the method comprising:

[0069] Send a first message to the first device, the first message being used to request the first device to collect data;

[0070] The system receives second information sent by the first device, the second information including data collected by the first device based on the first information, and the second information is used for model training.

[0071] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0072] The first identifier, different first identifiers correspond to different data collection requests;

[0073] Data collection configuration information, which is used to indicate the data to be collected;

[0074] A first indication is provided to indicate whether to retain context information of data collection when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable.

[0075] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0076] Signal measurement quantity;

[0077] Antenna configuration;

[0078] Beam configuration;

[0079] Interference information;

[0080] Time information;

[0081] Location information.

[0082] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0083] When the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable, receive a second instruction sent by the first device;

[0084] Contextual information about data collection related to the first device is retained according to the second instruction.

[0085] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second instruction includes at least one of the following: a device identifier of the first device, at least one first identifier, and different first identifiers corresponding to different data collection requests.

[0086] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0087] After the connection between the first device and the second device is restored or re-established, the second information sent by the first device is received.

[0088] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first device, which may include at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the first device may be used to execute an optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0089] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a second device, which may include at least one of a transceiver module and a processing module; wherein the second device may be used to perform an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0090] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first device that may include one or more processors; wherein the first device may be used to execute an optional implementation of the first aspect.

[0091] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a second device that may include one or more processors; wherein the second device may be used to perform an optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0092] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system that may include: a first device and a second device; wherein the first device is configured to perform the method described in the optional implementation of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to perform the method described in the optional implementation of the second aspect.

[0093] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as described in an optional implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0094] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in an optional implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0095] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in an optional implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0096] Eleventhly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described in optional implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0097] It is understood that the aforementioned first device, second device, communication device, communication system, storage medium, program product, computer program, chip, or chip system can all be used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] This disclosure provides a communication method, communication device, communication system, storage medium, and program product. In some embodiments, the terms "information transmission method" and "information processing method," "communication method," etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms "information transmission device" and "information processing device," "communication device," "communication equipment," etc., can be used interchangeably; and the terms "information transmission system," "communication system," etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0099] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0100] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0101] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0102] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0103] In some embodiments, "multiple" can refer to two or more.

[0104] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0105] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0106] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0107] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0108] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0109] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0110] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0111] In some embodiments, devices, etc., may be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to those described in the embodiments. Terms such as “device,” “equipment,” “circuit,” “network element,” “node,” “function,” “unit,” “section,” “system,” “network,” “chip,” “chip system,” “entity,” and “subject” are interchangeable.

[0112] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0113] In some embodiments, the terms "Access Network Device (AN Device)," "Radio Access Network Device (RAN Device)," "Base Station (BS)," "Radio Base Station," "Fixed Station," "Node," "Access Point," "Transmission Point (TP)," "Reception Point (RP)," "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)," "Panel," "Antenna Panel," "Antenna Array," "Cell," "Macro Cell," "Small Cell," "Femto Cell," "Pico Cell," "Sector," "Cell Group," "Serving Cell," "Carrier," "Component Carrier," and "Bandwidth Part (BWP)" can be used interchangeably.

[0114] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", "subscriber station", "mobile unit", "subscriber unit", "wireless unit", "remote unit", "mobile device", "wireless device", "wireless communication device", "remote device", "mobile subscriber station", "access terminal", "mobile terminal", "wireless terminal", "remote terminal", "handset", "user agent", "mobile client", and "client" can be used interchangeably.

[0115] In some embodiments, access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced with terminals. For example, embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures where communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can be replaced with sidelink channel or direct channel, and uplink link, downlink, etc., can be replaced with sidelink link or direct link.

[0116] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.

[0117] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0118] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0119] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0120] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 may include a first device 101 and a second device 102.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may be a device on a satellite.

[0122] In some embodiments, the second device 102 may be a ground device, a high-computing-power device, or an artificial intelligence (AI) model storage device; this disclosure does not limit the specific device.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first device may be referred to as the first node, and the second device may be referred to as the second node.

[0124] In some embodiments, the first node is a base station and the second node is a core network node.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first node is a base station, and the second node is a base station.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first node is a distributed unit (DU) and the second node is a central unit (CU).

[0127] In some embodiments, the first node is a Resource Unit (RU) and the second node is a DU+CU.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first node is a base station and the second node is a base station control unit.

[0129] In some embodiments, the network device may include at least one of an access network device and a core network device.

[0130] In some embodiments, the access network device may be a node or device that connects a terminal device to a wireless network. The access network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system.

[0131] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0132] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0133] In some embodiments, the core network equipment may be a single device, multiple devices, or a group of devices. The core network may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), and Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0134] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0135] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1A are examples. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1A, or it may include other main bodies outside of FIG1A. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is an example. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0136] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G New Radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0137] In some embodiments of this disclosure, Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of an NTN network according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1B, the NTN network provides wireless resources to terminals via satellite (or drone) instead of ground base stations. The UAS platform is an Unmanned Aerial System platform.

[0138] In some embodiments, the signal processing can be categorized into pass-through mode and regeneration mode, depending on the satellite's signal processing method. Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of a pass-through mode according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1C, the NTN ground station transmits the gNB signal to the satellite. The satellite converts the signal to the satellite frequency band and then transmits it to the UE via the satellite frequency band. Except for frequency conversion and signal amplification, the satellite does not demodulate the gNB signal, similar to a repeater. Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of a regeneration mode according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1D, after the NTN ground station transmits the gNB signal to the satellite, the satellite first demodulates and decodes the signal and then re-encodes and modulates it (this process is regeneration) and transmits the regenerated signal via the satellite frequency band. Here, the NG based on SRI can be NG over SRI.

[0139] In Figures 1C and 1D, 5G CN stands for 5G Core Network, Non-Geo orbit stands for Non-Geostationary orbit, SRI interface stands for Satellite Radio Interface, NG interface stands for the interface between Radio Access Network (RAN) and 5G Core Network, and N6 interface stands for the interface between User Plane Functional Unit (UPF) and External Data Network (DN).

[0140] In some embodiments, the relationship between satellite altitude, orbit, and satellite coverage of some typical NTN networks is shown in Table 1.

[0141] Table 1

[0142] In some embodiments, 5G user experience rates can reach 100 Mbit / s to 1 Gbit / s, supporting ultimate service experiences such as mobile virtual reality; 5G peak rates can reach 10 Gbit / s to 20 Gbit / s, and traffic density can reach 10 Mbit / s / m2, supporting more than a thousand times the growth of mobile service traffic in the future; 5G connection density can reach 1 million / m2, effectively supporting massive numbers of IoT devices; 5G transmission latency can reach the millisecond level, meeting the stringent requirements of vehicle networking and industrial control; 5G can support mobile speeds of 500 km / h, ensuring a good user experience in high-speed rail environments.

[0143] In some embodiments, the continued development of fields such as intelligent voice and computer vision not only brings a wide variety of applications to smart terminals, but also finds widespread use in education, transportation, home, healthcare, retail, security, and other sectors, bringing convenience to people's lives while promoting industrial upgrading in various industries. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is also accelerating its cross-fertilization with other disciplines, integrating knowledge from different fields while providing new directions and methods for the development of various disciplines.

[0144] In some embodiments, during 3GPP Release 18, a research project on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the radio interface was established in RAN1. This project aimed to investigate how to introduce AI technology into the radio interface and explore how AI technology can assist in improving radio interface transmission technology.

[0145] In some embodiments, in research oriented towards 6G, 6G systems can provide AI services in more dimensions. This mainly includes the following three aspects:

[0146] AI-enabled connectivity: Using AI to improve communication performance, such as using AI for beam management;

[0147] Computing power services: The network side can provide computing power to the terminal side, such as helping the terminal to perform model training and model inference;

[0148] Ultimate AI Service: Enhance network transmission channels to improve the experience of AI application services.

[0149] In some embodiments, the deep integration of artificial intelligence and satellite technology can enhance satellite autonomy and mission coordination capabilities. This integration enables satellites to operate more independently in the complex and ever-changing space environment, especially in situations with long signal transmission delays. Satellites can make autonomous decisions and adjustments to ensure the successful completion of missions.

[0150] In some embodiments, the application of AI technology can transform traditional satellite data processing methods. Traditional data processing requires significant manual intervention and is inefficient. The introduction of AI technology automates and intelligently processes data, greatly improving efficiency. By learning and understanding the inherent patterns and relationships within data, AI technology can achieve precise fusion of multimodal data, providing more comprehensive and accurate information.

[0151] In some embodiments, the application of AI technology in satellite remote sensing enables satellites to automatically identify and label features in remote sensing data, improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. The application of AI is similar to edge computing in intelligent surveillance; by deploying AI on satellites, real-time data processing and decision-making can be achieved, reducing data transmission and processing latency.

[0152] In some embodiments, with the launch of more satellites and the formation of constellation networks, inter-satellite connectivity and cloud formation become crucial. Computational constellations composed of AI satellites will have greater practical application value; they can leverage swarm intelligence to perform complex operations, improve work efficiency, and enhance the overall stability and reliability of the system.

[0153] In some embodiments, in satellite coverage scenarios, AI can be used for satellite communication. The applications of AI technology in the field of satellite communication / Internet are shown in Table 2.

[0154] Table 2

[0155] In some embodiments, inter-system interference (ISI) due to interference, antenna misalignment, and unintentional interference from other systems has become a significant problem in satellite communication systems. Interference can significantly degrade signal quality, thereby reducing overall system performance. Therefore, detecting interference is the first step in the interference management chain (detection, classification, location, and mitigation). Figure 1E is a schematic diagram of interference according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1E, the expansion of non-geostationary satellite orbit (NGSO) constellations exacerbates space interference, where GSO TX is the geostationary satellite orbit transmitter. The likelihood of alignment interference increases as multiple satellites fly in different orbits and inclinations.

[0156] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram illustrating an AI-based interference detection according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1F, an autoencoder can be used for interference detection.

[0157] In some embodiments, if model training is deployed on the ground, the ground nodes need to collect data from the satellite for model training. For mobile satellites, the connection with the ground training nodes may be interrupted. How to collect and ensure the continuity of data collection is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0158] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0159] Step S2101: The second device 102 sends the first information to the first device 101.

[0160] In some embodiments, the first device 101 receives the first information sent by the second device 102, but is not limited thereto. The first device 101 may also receive the first information sent by other entities, in which case step S2101 may be omitted.

[0161] In some embodiments, the first device 101 obtains first information from the upper layer(s), in which case step S2101 can be omitted.

[0162] In some embodiments, the first device 101 processes the information to obtain the first information, in which case step S2101 can be omitted.

[0163] In some embodiments, the first device 101 is a movable device.

[0164] In some embodiments, the first device 101 is a device on a satellite, and the second device 102 is a ground device, a high-computing-power device, or an AI model storage device.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first device may be referred to as the first node, and the second device may be referred to as the second node.

[0166] In some embodiments, the first node is a base station and the second node is a core network node.

[0167] In some embodiments, the first node is a base station, and the second node is a base station.

[0168] In some embodiments, the first node is DU and the second node is CU.

[0169] In some embodiments, the first node is RU and the second node is DU+CU.

[0170] In some embodiments, the first node is a base station and the second node is a base station control unit.

[0171] In some embodiments, the first information is used to request the first device 101 to collect data. For example, the collected data can be used for at least one of model training, model inference, and model monitoring, wherein the model is used for communication of the first device.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first information is used to request the first device 101 to perform specific data collection, for example, the first information is used to request the first device 101 to collect interference data, and the collected data is used for interference detection.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0174] The first identifier, different first identifiers correspond to different data collection requests;

[0175] Data collection configuration information, which indicates the data that needs to be collected;

[0176] A first indication is provided to indicate whether to retain context information of data collection when the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is unavailable.

[0177] In some embodiments, the first identifier may also be referred to as the data collection identifier.

[0178] In some embodiments, different data collection requests correspond to different tasks, such as measuring different content or training different models.

[0179] In some embodiments, the data collection configuration information may also include the content of data collection and / or the configuration of data reporting, i.e., what data needs to be collected. For example, for interference detection, the content of data collection includes at least one of the following: signal measurements, antenna settings, beam configuration, and specific location information. Among them, signal measurements may be, for example, in-phase and quadrature samples (I / Q samples), signal strength, frequency, time, etc.

[0180] In some embodiments, the first instruction may be used to instruct the retention of contextual information for data collection when the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is unavailable.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first instruction can be used to instruct that context information of data collection not be retained or released when the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is unavailable. For example, releasing data that has been collected but not yet transmitted, as well as identifiers and node information corresponding to data transmission.

[0182] In some embodiments, the context information for data collection includes the identifier of the second device 102, a first identifier, and data that the first device 101 has collected but not sent to the second device 102.

[0183] In some embodiments, the data collection configuration information may be pre-configured or pre-defined, and the data collection configuration information may be bound to the first identifier. The first device 101 can determine the data to be collected based on the first identifier. In this case, the first information may not include the data collection configuration information.

[0184] In some embodiments, the data to be collected may be obtained by a first device through measurement.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first instruction may be pre-configured or pre-defined, in which case the first information may not include the first instruction.

[0186] In some embodiments, when the second device 102 needs to perform model training, it sends the first information to the first device 101.

[0187] In some embodiments, when the second device 102 needs to perform a measurement, it sends the first information to the first device 101.

[0188] Step S2102: The first device 101 collects data based on the first information.

[0189] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may collect data based on the first identifier.

[0190] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may collect and report data based on data collection configuration information.

[0191] In some embodiments, the data collected by the first device 101 may be bound to the first identifier.

[0192] Step S2103: The first device 101 sends the second information to the second device 102.

[0193] In some embodiments, the second device 102 receives second information sent by the first device 101, but is not limited thereto. The second device 102 may also receive second information sent by other entities, in which case step S2103 may be omitted.

[0194] In some embodiments, the second device 102 obtains the second information from the upper layer(s), in which case step S2103 can be omitted.

[0195] In some embodiments, the second device 102 processes the information to obtain the second information, in which case step S2103 can be omitted.

[0196] In some embodiments, the second information includes data collected by the first device 101 based on the first information.

[0197] In some embodiments, the second information is used by the second device 102 for model training.

[0198] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0199] Signal measurement quantity;

[0200] Antenna configuration;

[0201] Beam configuration;

[0202] Interference information;

[0203] Time information;

[0204] Location information.

[0205] In some embodiments, the signal measurement quantity may be I / Q sample, signal strength, frequency, time, etc.

[0206] In some embodiments, interference information may also be referred to as interference tags.

[0207] In some embodiments, interference information is used to indicate whether interference was detected at a corresponding time.

[0208] In some embodiments, interference information is used to indicate the type of interference.

[0209] In some embodiments, location information may include the moving speed of the first device 101 and / or the track information on which the first device 101 is located.

[0210] In some embodiments, when the first device 101 is connected to the second device 102, the first device 101 may send the second information to the second device 102.

[0211] In some embodiments, after receiving the second information, the second device 102 can perform model training based on the second information.

[0212] Step S2104: The first device 101 determines that the connection between it and the second device 102 is unavailable at the first moment, and retains the context information of data collection related to the second device 102.

[0213] In some cases, the first moment is the current moment, or a moment after the current moment where the time interval between the current moment and the current moment is less than a first time threshold.

[0214] In some embodiments, the first time threshold may be a protocol agreement or a pre-configured value.

[0215] In some embodiments, a time after the current time and with a time interval less than a first time threshold can be understood as an upcoming time.

[0216] In some embodiments, if the first moment is the current moment, the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is unavailable at the current moment; if the time interval between the current moment and the current moment is less than a first time threshold, the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 will soon become unavailable.

[0217] In some embodiments, the unavailability of a connection may be caused by at least one of the following reasons: feeder link failure, no available feeder link, or feeder link switching. It may also be predicted by related technologies, and this disclosure does not limit the scope of the invention.

[0218] In some embodiments, the connection may be an Xn, NG, F1, or fronthaul connection.

[0219] In some embodiments, the context information for data collection associated with the second device 102 may include the device identifier of the second device 102, at least one first identifier for which the second device 102 requests data collection, and data that the first device 101 has collected but not sent to the second device 102. For example, if the first device 101 receives multiple first identifiers sent by the second device 102, and the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is unavailable, the first device 101 needs to retain the context information for data collection associated with each first identifier.

[0220] In some embodiments, after the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is restored or re-established, the context information of data collection associated with the second device 102 can be used by the first device 101 to send data that was not sent before the connection was unavailable to the second device 102, and to continue to collect data according to the first identifier and send the collected data to the second device.

[0221] In some embodiments, retention can be understood as storing or not releasing.

[0222] In some embodiments, if the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is unavailable at the current time, context information of data collection related to the second device 102 is stored.

[0223] In some embodiments, if the first device 101 predicts that the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 will soon be unavailable, it stores context information about data collection related to the second device 102.

[0224] In some embodiments, the first device 101 determines that the connection between it and the second device 102 is unavailable at a first moment and releases the data collected based on the first information. In this case, step S2104 can be omitted. Thus, after the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is restored or re-established, the second device 102 needs to resend the first information to the first device 101 to request the first device 101 to collect data.

[0225] Step S2105: The first device 101 sends a second instruction to the second device 102.

[0226] In some embodiments, the second device 102 receives a second instruction sent by the first device 101, but is not limited thereto. The second device 102 may also receive a second instruction sent by another subject, in which case step S2105 may be omitted.

[0227] In some embodiments, the second device 102 obtains a second instruction from the upper layer(s), in which case step S2105 can be omitted.

[0228] In some embodiments, the second instruction is used to instruct the second device 102 to retain context information related to data collection associated with the first device 101.

[0229] In some embodiments, the second instruction includes at least one of the following: a device identifier of the first device, at least one first identifier, and different first identifiers corresponding to different data collection requests.

[0230] In some embodiments, the second device 102 sends multiple first identifiers to the first device 101, requesting the first device 101 to collect data corresponding to each first identifier. When the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 is unavailable, the second device 102 needs to retain the context information of data collection associated with each first identifier. For example, if the second device 102 sends requests with identifiers A and B to the first device 101, the second device 102 needs to retain the context information of data collection associated with identifier A, and also needs to retain the context information of data collection associated with identifier B.

[0231] In some embodiments, if the first device 101 predicts that the connection with the second device 102 will soon be unavailable, it sends the second indication to the second device 102.

[0232] In some embodiments, the second instruction may also be a protocol agreement or pre-configuration, in which case step S2105 may be omitted.

[0233] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may send a connection release request message to the second device 102, the connection release request message including the second indication.

[0234] Step S2106: The second device 102 retains the context information of data collection related to the first device 101 according to the second instruction.

[0235] In some embodiments, the context information for data collection associated with the first device 101 may include a device identifier of the first device 101, at least one first identifier, and data received from the first device 101 associated with each first identifier.

[0236] In some embodiments, after receiving a second instruction sent by the first device 101, the second device 102 may retain the context information of data collection related to the first device 101, that is, retain the context information of data collection related to each first identifier sent to the first device 101.

[0237] In some embodiments, if the second device 102 does not receive the second information sent by the first device 101 for a period of time, or determines that the connection between the first device 101 and the second device 102 has been broken, the context information of data collection related to the first device 101 may be retained.

[0238] In some embodiments, the connection between the second device 102 and the first device 101 may be disabled, and the second device 102 may also release the context information of data collection associated with the first device 101. For example, the second device 102 may delete some data received from the first device 101. In this way, after the connection between the second device 102 and the first device 101 is restored or re-established, the first device 101 can be instructed to collect data again.

[0239] Step S2107: The first device 101 determines that the connection between itself and the second device 102 has been restored or re-established, and sends the second information to the second device 102.

[0240] In some embodiments, after the first device 101 determines that the connection with the second device 102 has been restored or re-established, it may continue to send second information to the second device 102, the second information including data that the first device 101 has collected but not sent to the second device 102.

[0241] Using the above method, when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable, the first device and the second device can retain the context information of data collection. In this way, after the connection between the first device and the second device is restored or re-established, the first device can continue to send the collected data to the second device, thereby ensuring the continuity of data collection.

[0242] The methods involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of the steps S2101 to S2107 described above. For example, step S2101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2102 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2104 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2101 + step S2102 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and step S2102 + step S2103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0243] In some embodiments, the order of any two steps in steps S2101 to S2107 can be interchanged or they can be performed simultaneously.

[0244] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2107 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments. For example, step S2101 may be omitted.

[0245] In some embodiments, other optional implementations described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG2 may be referred to.

[0246] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0247] In some embodiments, the terms "codebook," "codeword," and "precoding matrix" can be used interchangeably. For example, a codebook can be a collection of one or more codewords / precoding matrices.

[0248] In some embodiments, the terms "uplink", "uplink", and "physical uplink" can be used interchangeably, as can the terms "downlink", "downlink", and "physical downlink", as well as the terms "sidelink", "sidelink", "sidelink communication", "sidelink communication", "direct connection", "direct link", "direct communication", and "direct link communication".

[0249] In some embodiments, the terms “downlink control information (DCI),” “downlink (DL) assignment,” “DL DCI,” “uplink (UL) grant,” and “UL DCI” can be used interchangeably.

[0250] In some embodiments, terms such as "physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)" and "DL data" can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as "physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)" and "UL data".

[0251] In some embodiments, the terms “radio”, “wireless”, “radio access network (RAN)”, “access network (AN)”, and “RAN-based” can be used interchangeably.

[0252] In some embodiments, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space configuration", "search space set configuration", "control resource set (CORESET)", and "CORESET configuration" can be used interchangeably.

[0253] In some embodiments, the terms "synchronization signal (SS)," "synchronization signal block (SSB)," "reference signal (RS)," "pilot," and "pilot signal" can be used interchangeably.

[0254] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0255] In some embodiments, the terms "component carrier (CC)," "cell," "frequency carrier," and "carrier frequency" can be used interchangeably.

[0256] In some embodiments, the terms “resource block (RB)”, “physical resource block (PRB)”, “sub-carrier group (SCG)”, “resource element group (REG)”, “PRB pair”, “RB pair”, “resource element (RE)”, and “sub-carrier” can be used interchangeably.

[0257] In some embodiments, terms such as wireless access scheme and waveform can be used interchangeably.

[0258] In some embodiments, the terms "precoding", "precoder", "weight", "precoding weight", "quasi-co-location (QCL)", "transmission configuration indication (TCI) status", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmission power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "the number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beam width", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", and "panel" can be used interchangeably.

[0259] In some embodiments, the terms “frame”, “radio frame”, “subframe”, “slot”, “sub-slot”, “mini-slot”, “symbol”, “symbol”, and “transmission time interval (TTI)” can be used interchangeably.

[0260] In some embodiments, "acquire," "get," "obtain," "receive," "transmit," "bidirectional transmission," and "send and / or receive" can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, acquiring from protocols, acquiring from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation. Protocols include, for example, at least one of the 3GPP protocol, Wi-Fi protocol, and audio and / or video protocols.

[0261] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transfer,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0262] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0263] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0264] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data and / or instructions received; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0265] In some embodiments, if an arrow in the interaction diagram representing the sending of information, signaling, etc. from one subject to another passes through other subjects, it can be interpreted as the information being forwarded from one subject to another via other subjects, or it can be interpreted as the information being sent from one subject to another without passing through other subjects.

[0266] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the present disclosure relates to a communication method that can be executed by a first device 101. The method may include:

[0267] Step S3101: Receive the first information.

[0268] The optional implementation of step S3101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0269] Step S3102: Send the second message.

[0270] The optional implementation of step S3102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2, as well as other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0271] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0272] The first identifier, different first identifiers correspond to different data collection requests;

[0273] Data collection configuration information, which is used to indicate the data to be collected;

[0274] A first indication is provided to indicate whether to retain context information of data collection when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable.

[0275] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0276] Signal measurement quantity;

[0277] Antenna configuration;

[0278] Beam configuration;

[0279] Interference information;

[0280] Time information;

[0281] Location information.

[0282] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0283] Data is collected based on the first piece of information.

[0284] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0285] If it is determined that the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable at a first moment, the context information of data collection related to the second device is retained; wherein, the first moment is the current moment, or a moment after the current moment and the time interval between the current moment and the current moment is less than a first time threshold.

[0286] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0287] Send a second instruction to the second device, the second instruction being used to instruct the second device to retain context information related to the data collection associated with the first device.

[0288] In some embodiments, the second instruction includes at least one of the following: a device identifier of the first device, at least one first identifier, and different first identifiers corresponding to different data collection requests.

[0289] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0290] Once it is determined that the connection between the first device and the second device has been restored or re-established, the second information is sent to the second device.

[0291] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0292] If the connection between the first device and the second device is determined to be unavailable, release the data collected based on the first information.

[0293] In some embodiments, AI deployment in regenerative mode can be as follows: AI model training and storage are performed on the ground, while AI model inference is performed on a satellite. Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of model deployment in regenerative mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4A, the RAN is on the satellite, and LCM stands for Latent Consistency Models. Figure 4B is a schematic diagram of model deployment in regenerative mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4B, the DU is on the satellite, where F1 based on SRI can be F1 over SRI. Figure 4C is a schematic diagram of the lifecycle of an NTN network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4C, the RAN is on the satellite and is responsible for data collection, while ground equipment is responsible for model training, model management, model storage, and model inference, where NWDAF stands for Network Data Analytics Function.

[0294] In some embodiments, the data collected, taking AI-based interference detection as an example, requires the collection of the following information:

[0295] Signal data includes I / Q sampling, signal strength, frequency, timestamp, antenna settings, beam settings, and location information.

[0296] Tag information, interference indication / type.

[0297] In some embodiments, if the satellite's connection with the ground is interrupted, the satellite's handling method includes:

[0298] Preserve the context of data collection and continue data collection. Transmit data when a connection is available (when initiating connection release, it is necessary to indicate to the ground node which data collection tasks are preserved).

[0299] Release all data collection context and stop data collection.

[0300] Figure 4D is an interactive schematic diagram illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4D, the present disclosure relates to a communication method that can be executed by a communication system. The method may include:

[0301] Step S4401: The first node (the node on the satellite) receives the first information (data collection request) from the second node (the ground node, the high-computing-power node, or the AI ​​model storage node).

[0302] In some embodiments, the first information is used to request interference with data collection.

[0303] The first piece of information includes at least one of the following:

[0304] Data collection identifiers are used to indicate specific data collection activities;

[0305] The content of data collection is used to indicate the data that needs to be collected. Taking interference detection as an example, the content of data collection includes signal measurements, such as I / Q samples, signal strength, frequency, time, antenna settings, beam configuration, and specific location information.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first node determines to collect data based on first information.

[0307] Step S4402: The first node sends a second message (data collection response) to the second node. The second message includes the collected data.

[0308] The second information includes at least one of the following:

[0309] Signal measurements, such as I / Q samples, signal strength, frequency, and time;

[0310] Antenna settings;

[0311] Beam settings;

[0312] Interference tags are used to indicate whether interference was detected at the corresponding time, and the type of interference;

[0313] Time information;

[0314] Location information (including movement speed or track information).

[0315] In some embodiments, the second node trains the model based on the second information.

[0316] Step S4403: When the connection between the satellite and the ground node is unavailable, the first node sends a connection release request message (NG / Xn release request) to the second node.

[0317] The message includes third information, which is used to indicate the data collection context information that needs to be saved.

[0318] In some embodiments, the third information includes at least one of the following:

[0319] First node identifier;

[0320] Data collection identifiers (one or more).

[0321] In some embodiments, the second node retains contextual information about the data collection based on third information.

[0322] Step S4404: After the connection is restored, the first node can continue to send the collected measurement data to the second node (data collection update).

[0323] In some embodiments, the first node may also release the collected data if the connection becomes unavailable.

[0324] In some embodiments, the first node and the second node may be in the following situations:

[0325] The first node is the base station, and the second node is the core network node;

[0326] The first node is a base station, and the second node is a base station;

[0327] The first node is DU, and the second node is CU;

[0328] The first node is RU, and the second node is DU+CU;

[0329] The first node is the base station, and the second node is the base station control unit.

[0330] In some embodiments, "eNB" and "gNB", "base station", "NG-RAN node", and "6G RAN" can be interchanged; "MME" can be interchanged with "CN", "Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)", "Session Management Function (SMF)", and "6G CN"; "Serving Gateway (SGW)" can be interchanged with "User Plane Function (UPF)"; "Bearer" can be interchanged with "Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session", "Evolved Radio Access Bearer (E-RAB)", "Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer", and "Quality of Service flow (QoSflow)"; "Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP)" can be interchanged with "S1 Application Protocol (S1AP)".

[0331] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a communication system is provided, which may include a first device and a second device, wherein the first device may execute the communication method executed by the first device in the foregoing embodiments of this disclosure; and the second device may execute the communication method executed by the second device in the foregoing embodiments of this disclosure.

[0332] This disclosure also provides an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the first device in any of the above methods. Alternatively, another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the second device (e.g., access network device, core network functional node, core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0333] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), and the functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0334] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) or a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be hardware circuits designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as ASICs, such as Neural Network Processing Units (NPUs), Tensor Processing Units (TPUs), and Deep Learning Processing Units (DPUs).

[0335] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5A, the first device 101 may include at least one of a transceiver module 5101, a processing module 5102, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is configured to receive first information sent by a second device, the first information being used to request the first device to collect data; and to send second information to the second device, the second information including data collected according to the first information, the second information being used for model training. Optionally, the transceiver module 5101 may be used to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the first device 101 in any of the above methods (e.g., steps S2101, S2103, S2105, S2107, S3101, S3102, but not limited thereto), which will not be elaborated here. Optionally, the processing module 5102 may be used to execute at least one of the other steps (such as step S2102, step S2104, but not limited thereto) executed by the first device 101 in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0336] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0337] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module may be interchangeable with a processor.

[0338] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second device according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5B, the second device 102 may include at least one of a transceiver module 5201, a processing module 5202, etc. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5201 is configured to send first information to a first device, the first information being used to request the first device to collect data; and to receive second information sent by the first device, the second information including data collected by the first device based on the first information, the second information being used for model training. Optionally, the transceiver module 5201 may be used to perform at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101, S2103, S2105, S2107, S3101, S3102, but not limited thereto) performed by the second device 102 in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here. Optionally, the processing module 5202 may be used to perform at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S2106, but not limited thereto) performed by the second device 102 in any of the above methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0339] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with a transceiver.

[0340] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module may be interchangeable with a processor.

[0341] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 6100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device 6100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the first device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 6100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0342] As shown in Figure 6A, the communication device 6100 includes one or more processors 6101. The processor 6101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, IoT devices, IoT device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. The communication device 6100 is used to execute any of the above methods.

[0343] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more memories 6102 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6102 may also be located outside the communication device 6100.

[0344] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more transceivers 6103. When the communication device 6100 includes one or more transceivers 6103, the transceivers 6103 perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2101, S2103, S2105, S2107, S3101, S3102, but not limited thereto), and the processor 6101 performs at least one of other steps (e.g., steps S2102, S2104, S2106, but not limited thereto).

[0345] In some embodiments, a transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0346] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 may include one or more interface circuits. Optionally, the interface circuit is connected to the memory 6102, and the interface circuit can be used to receive signals from the memory 6102 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to the memory 6102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuit can read instructions stored in the memory 6102 and send the instructions to the processor 6101.

[0347] The communication device 6100 described in the above embodiments may be a first device or an Internet of Things (IoT) device, but the scope of the communication device 6100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 6100 may not be limited by FIG. 6A. The communication device may be a standalone device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, IoT device, smart IoT device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, first device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0348] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 6200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 6100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 6200 shown in Figure 6B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0349] Chip 6200 includes one or more processors 6201, which are used to perform any of the above methods.

[0350] In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more interface circuits 6203. Optionally, interface circuit 6203 is connected to memory 6202, and interface circuit 6203 can be used to receive signals from memory 6202 or other devices, and interface circuit 6203 can be used to send signals to memory 6202 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 6203 can read instructions stored in memory 6202 and send the instructions to processor 6201.

[0351] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 6203 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2101, S2103, S2105, S2107, S3101, S3102, but not limited thereto), and the processor 6201 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., steps S2102, S2104, S2106, but not limited thereto).

[0352] In some embodiments, the terms interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, transceiver, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0353] In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more memories 6202 for storing instructions. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6202 may be located outside of chip 6200.

[0354] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device 6100, cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0355] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 6100, causes the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product may be a computer program product.

[0356] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Performed by a first device, the method includes: Receive first information sent by the second device, the first information being used to request the first device to collect data; Send a second message to the second device, the second message including data collected based on the first message, the second message being used for model training.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: The first identifier, different first identifiers correspond to different data collection requests; Data collection configuration information, which is used to indicate the data to be collected; A first indication is provided to indicate whether to retain context information of data collection when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second information includes at least one of the following: Signal measurement quantity; Antenna configuration; Beam configuration; Interference information; Time information; Location information.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Data is collected based on the first piece of information.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: If it is determined that the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable at a first moment, the context information of data collection related to the second device is retained; wherein, the first moment is the current moment, or a moment after the current moment and the time interval between the current moment and the current moment is less than a first time threshold.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second instruction to the second device, the second instruction being used to instruct the second device to retain context information related to the data collection associated with the first device.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The second instruction includes at least one of the following: the device identifier of the first device, at least one first identifier, and different first identifiers corresponding to different data collection requests.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Once it is determined that the connection between the first device and the second device has been restored or re-established, the second information is sent to the second device.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the connection between the first device and the second device is determined to be unavailable, release the data collected based on the first information.

10. A communication method, characterized in that, Performed by a second device, the method includes: Send a first message to the first device, the first message being used to request the first device to collect data; The system receives second information sent by the first device, the second information including data collected by the first device based on the first information, and the second information is used for model training.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: The first identifier, different first identifiers correspond to different data collection requests; Data collection configuration information, which is used to indicate the data to be collected; A first indication is provided to indicate whether to retain context information of data collection when the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The second information includes at least one of the following: Signal measurement quantity; Antenna configuration; Beam configuration; Interference information; Time information; Location information.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10-12, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the connection between the first device and the second device is unavailable, receive a second instruction sent by the first device; Contextual information about data collection related to the first device is retained according to the second instruction.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second instruction includes at least one of the following: the device identifier of the first device, at least one first identifier, and different first identifiers corresponding to different data collection requests.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the connection between the first device and the second device is restored or re-established, the second information sent by the first device is received.

16. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is used to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1-9 and 10-15.

17. A communication system, characterized in that, The device includes a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of any one of claims 1-9, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of any one of claims 10-15.

18. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-9 and 10-15.

19. A program product comprising at least one of a program and instructions, characterized in that, When at least one of the programs or instructions is executed by the communication device, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-9 and 10-15.

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