Optical lens, camera module, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of optical lenses. Provided are an optical lens, a camera module and an electronic device, which can solve the problem of camera modules in the related art occupying large space. The optical lens comprises a first lens group and a prism group arranged on an image side of the first lens group. The prism group comprises a first prism and a second prism arranged on an image side of the first prism, wherein the first prism and the second prism are both multi-reflection prisms, the first prism comprises a first incident surface and a first exit surface, the second prism comprises a second incident surface and a second exit surface, the second incident surface is disposed facing the first exit surface, and the second exit surface is disposed facing the image plane of the optical lens; and the unfolded length L of the prism group and the height H of the prism group satisfy: L / H≥1.9. The present application can be applied to electronic devices such as mobile phones.

Description

Optical lenses, camera modules and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on November 30, 2024, with application number 202411752135.3 and entitled "Optical Lens, Camera Module and Electronic Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of optical lens technology, and in particular to an optical lens, a camera module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, camera modules have become an essential component of electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets. These modules allow users to easily capture photos, fulfilling their photography needs. As electronic devices become increasingly thinner and lighter, it becomes crucial to achieve high imaging performance from camera modules while conserving internal space. Therefore, designing camera modules to minimize their impact on the internal space of electronic devices has become a significant challenge in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide an optical lens, a camera module, and an electronic device to solve the problem of large space occupation of camera modules in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an optical lens, including a first lens group and a prism group disposed on the image side of the first lens group; the prism group includes a first prism and a second prism disposed on the image side of the first prism, both the first and second prisms being multiple reflection prisms, the first prism including a first incident surface and a first exit surface, the second prism including a second incident surface and a second exit surface, the second incident surface being disposed facing the first exit surface, and the second exit surface being disposed facing the image plane of the optical lens; the unfolded length L of the prism group and the height H of the prism group satisfy: L / H≥1.9; wherein, the unfolded length L of the prism group is the sum of the optical axis length of the first prism and the optical axis length of the second prism; the height H of the prism group satisfies: H=H1-dcosθ; H1 is the maximum dimension of the prism group in the direction perpendicular to the first incident surface; d is the width of the prism gap between the first exit surface and the second incident surface, and θ is the tilt angle of the prism gap relative to the first incident surface.

[0007] The optical lens in this embodiment features a prism group on the image side of the first lens group. This prism group includes a first prism and a second prism, both of which are multi-reflection prisms. This allows light from the subject to undergo multiple reflections as it passes through the prism group, folding a longer optical path into a relatively small prism group. This reduces the distance between the optical lens and the image sensor, thus decreasing the size of the camera module and consequently reducing its footprint within the electronic device, contributing to a thinner and lighter design. Setting the L / H ratio to ≥ 1.8 further compresses the optical path size, resulting in a more compact optical lens structure and further reducing the overall size of the camera module.

[0008] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the unfolded length L of the prism assembly and the height H of the prism assembly satisfy: 1.9 ≤ L / H ≤ 3.6. With this configuration, the prism assembly has a strong ability to compress the optical path size, and the prism assembly can better fold and compress the optical path of optical lenses with slightly longer focal lengths (such as telephoto lenses or medium telephoto lenses).

[0009] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the unfolded length L of the prism group and the height H of the prism group satisfy: 5.0 ≤ L / H ≤ 5.9. With this configuration, the prism group has a strong ability to compress the optical path size, and the prism group can better fold and compress the optical path of optical lenses with extremely long focal lengths (i.e., super telephoto lenses).

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the unfolded length L of the prism assembly and the height H of the prism assembly satisfy the condition: L / H ≤ 5.9. This setting reduces the design complexity of the prism assembly, thereby avoiding excessively high design and manufacturing costs.

[0011] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first incident surface and the first exit surface form a first corner; the second incident surface and the second exit surface form a second corner; the second corner is located at the end of the second incident surface away from the first corner. With this arrangement, the first incident surface and the second exit surface can be located on opposite sides of the prism assembly, thus allowing the prism assembly to be used in a vertical optical lens.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the second corner is located at one end of the second incident surface near the first corner. This arrangement allows the prism assembly to deflect the optical path of the optical lens, thus enabling its application in optical lenses that require a deflection of the optical path.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the angle α1 between the first incident surface and the first exit surface satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°; and the angle α2 between the second incident surface and the second exit surface satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°. This arrangement avoids the prism assembly from occupying too much space and ensures that the first incident surface, the first exit surface, the second incident surface, and the second exit surface all perform total internal reflection of the light, allowing the light to propagate along a predetermined path and avoiding light energy loss.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect, both the first prism and the second prism are triple-reflection prisms. The first prism further includes a first reflecting surface located on the opposite side of the first corner, and the second prism further includes a second reflecting surface located on the opposite side of the second corner. The angles α1 between the first incident surface and the first exit surface, and α2 between the second incident surface and the second exit surface, satisfy: α1 = α2; the angles β1 between the first reflecting surface and the first exit surface, and γ1 between the first reflecting surface and the first incident surface, satisfy: β1 = γ1; the angles β2 between the first reflecting surface and the second incident surface, and γ2 between the first reflecting surface and the second exit surface, satisfy: β2 = γ2. This configuration allows both the first and second prisms to be isosceles prisms with equal angles, thus facilitating the combination of the first and second prisms into prism groups suitable for different types of optical lenses.

[0015] In some embodiments of the first aspect, both the first prism and the second prism are secondary reflection prisms. The first prism further includes a first reflecting surface located on the opposite side of the first corner. The second prism further includes a second reflecting surface located on the opposite side of the second corner. The angles α1 between the first incident surface and the first exit surface, α2 between the second incident surface and the second exit surface, β1 between the first reflecting surface and the first exit surface, and β2 between the second reflecting surface and the second incident surface satisfy: α1 = α2; α1 = 2β1, α2 = 2β2. This arrangement ensures that light can exit perpendicularly from either the first or second exit surface, reducing light energy loss on both surfaces. Simultaneously, it facilitates the combination of the first and second prisms into prism groups suitable for different types of optical lenses.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first prism is a secondary reflection prism, and the second prism is a tertiary reflection prism; the second corner is located at the end of the second incident surface away from the first corner; the first prism further includes a first reflecting surface located on the opposite side of the first corner, and the second prism further includes a second reflecting surface located on the opposite side of the second corner; the angle α1 between the first incident surface and the first exit surface, and the angle β1 between the first reflecting surface and the first exit surface satisfy: α1 = 2β1; the angle β2 between the first reflecting surface and the second incident surface, and the angle γ2 between the second reflecting surface and the second exit surface satisfy: β2 = γ2. This configuration ensures that light can exit perpendicularly from the first exit surface, and also that light can exit perpendicularly from the second exit surface, reducing light energy loss on the first and second exit surfaces.

[0017] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the angle α1 between the first incident surface and the first exit surface, and the angle α2 between the second incident surface and the second exit surface, satisfy α1 = α2. This arrangement allows the second exit surface to be parallel or approximately parallel to the first incident surface, thereby facilitating the installation of the photosensitive element.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect, a light-shielding plate is provided in the prism gap. The light-shielding plate includes a light-transmitting area and a light-shielding area located around the light-transmitting area. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding area on the first exit surface is located at the edge of the first exit surface. With this configuration, the light-shielding area can block stray light from the edge of the first exit surface, thereby preventing stray light from illuminating the photosensitive element and affecting the imaging quality of the optical lens.

[0019] In some embodiments of the first aspect, two light-shielding plates are used, spaced apart, with one light-shielding plate positioned at the first exit surface and the other at the second incident surface. This arrangement allows for better shading of stray light.

[0020] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the optical lens further includes a second lens group, which has a negative optical power and is disposed within the prism gap. This arrangement allows the second lens group to deflect stray light towards the periphery of the second incident surface, thereby reducing stray light entering the second prism and thus improving the imaging quality of the optical lens.

[0021] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the optical lens further includes an optical path reversing element disposed on the object side of the first lens group. This arrangement allows for the reversal of the optical path of the optical lens, thereby reducing the space occupied by the optical lens in the thickness direction of the electronic device.

[0022] The optical path deflection element can be a deflection prism or a reflector.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a camera module, including a photosensitive element and the optical lens described in the first aspect, wherein the photosensitive element is disposed on the image side of the optical lens.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the camera module in this embodiment are the same as those of the optical lens in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a housing and the camera module described in the second aspect, wherein the camera module is mounted on the housing. The electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, wearable device (such as a smartwatch), etc.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the electronic device in this embodiment are the same as those of the optical lens in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a camera module in the related technology;

[0028] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the back of an electronic device (mobile phone) in some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2b is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the electronic device in Figure 2a;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the electronic device shown in Figure 2b;

[0031] Figure 4 is the optical path diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 3;

[0032] Figure 5 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group in the camera module shown in Figure 3 before and after unfolding.

[0033] Figure 6 is the MTF-space frequency curve of the camera module shown in Figure 3;

[0034] Figure 7 is the MTF-defocus distance curve of the camera module shown in Figure 3;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the second embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the third embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the prism assembly in Figure 9;

[0038] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-shielding sheet in Figure 10;

[0039] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the fifth embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 14 is the optical path diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 13;

[0042] Figure 15 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group in the camera module shown in Figure 13 before and after unfolding.

[0043] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the sixth embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the seventh embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the eighth embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 19 is the optical path diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 18;

[0047] Figure 20 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group in the camera module shown in Figure 18 before and after unfolding.

[0048] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the ninth embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the tenth embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the eleventh embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 24a is the optical path diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 23;

[0052] Figure 24b is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group in the camera module shown in Figure 23 before and after unfolding.

[0053] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the twelfth embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the thirteenth embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the fourteenth embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 28 is the optical path diagram of the camera module shown in Figure 27;

[0057] Figure 29 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group in the camera module shown in Figure 27 before and after unfolding.

[0058] Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of the camera module in the fifteenth embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical terms used in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0060] Optical power, expressed as the reciprocal of the image-side focal length (approximately assuming the refractive index of air is 1), characterizes the ability of an optical lens to deflect light. Lenses or lens groups with positive optical power have a positive focal length and converge light rays. Lenses or lens groups with negative optical power have a negative focal length and diverge light rays.

[0061] A positive lens, also known as a converging lens or convex lens, has the function of converging light rays. Convex lenses are classified into biconvex, plano-convex, and concave-convex (or positive meniscus) types.

[0062] A negative lens, also known as a diverging lens or concave lens, has the effect of diverging light. Concave lenses are classified into biconcave, plano-concave, and convex-concave types.

[0063] The optical axis refers to the axis of symmetry of an optical system. For example, the optical axis of an optical lens is the axis that passes through the center of each optical element of the optical lens. The optical axis also refers to the center line of a light beam (light column). The optical properties of the light beam do not change when it rotates around this axis.

[0064] Focal length is a measure of the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system. Focal length is divided into image-side focal length and object-side focal length. Image-side focal length is the distance from the image-side principal plane to the image-side focal point; similarly, object-side focal length is the distance from the object-side principal plane to the object-side focal point. In the embodiments of this application, the focal length, effective focal length (EFL), and combined focal length all refer to image-side focal length.

[0065] The image plane is located on the image side of all optical elements (including lenses, prisms, etc.) in an optical lens, and is the position where light rays pass through each optical element in the optical lens in sequence to form an image.

[0066] Aberration is the deviation between the image formed by an uncorrected optical system and the image formed by an ideal optical system. Aberrations include spherical aberration, coma, field curvature, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration.

[0067] MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) is the ratio of contrast on the image plane to contrast on the object plane; that is, MTF represents the transfer of contrast. MTF = M / m; M = (Imax - Imin) / (Imax + Imin); where Imax is the maximum light intensity on the object plane, and Imin is the minimum light intensity on the object plane; m = (imax - imin) / (imax + imin), where imax is the maximum light intensity on the image plane, and imin is the minimum light intensity on the image plane. MTF is a quantitative description of the sharpness of an optical lens, specifically a quantitative description of the sharpness of the image formed by the optical lens (including both resolution and sharpness). MTF values ​​satisfy 0 ≤ MTF ≤ 1.

[0068] Currently, camera modules have become an essential component of electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets. These modules allow users to easily capture photos, fulfilling their photography needs. As electronic devices become increasingly thinner and lighter, it becomes crucial to achieve high imaging performance from camera modules while conserving internal space. Therefore, designing camera modules to minimize their impact on the internal space of electronic devices has become a significant challenge in the industry.

[0069] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a camera module in the related art. As shown in Figure 1, the camera module includes an optical lens 10 and a photosensitive element 20 disposed on the image side of the optical lens 10. The optical lens 10 includes a lens group 01, which includes multiple lenses. Light from the subject passes through the lens group 01, forming a clear image on the focal plane of the lens group 01, and the image of the subject is recorded by the photosensitive element 20 located at the focal plane.

[0070] The optical lens 10 in the related technology has a relatively large back focal length BFL (i.e., the axial distance from the last optical surface of the lens group 01 to the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 20). In order to accommodate this long back focal length BFL, the camera module needs to be designed with a large size, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the camera module.

[0071] Therefore, this application provides an optical lens, a camera module, and an electronic device. By setting a prism group on the image side of the lens group, the prism group includes two multiple reflection prisms. In this way, the light from the subject can be reflected multiple times when it passes through the prism group. The longer light path can be folded into a relatively small prism group, which helps to reduce the size of the camera module.

[0072] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] The electronic devices in this application embodiment can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, wearable devices (such as smartwatches), or other electronic devices with camera modules. The following uses a mobile phone as an example to specifically describe the electronic devices in this application embodiment. Other types of electronic devices can be set up with reference to the structure of the mobile phone embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0074] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the back of an electronic device (mobile phone) in some embodiments of this application, and Figure 2b is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the electronic device in Figure 2a. Figure 2b shows the mounting position of the camera module 100 in the electronic device, but its specific mounting structure is not shown. As shown in Figures 2a and 2b, the electronic device includes a housing 200, a display screen 300, and a camera module 100, which is mounted on the housing 200.

[0075] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2b, the housing 200 includes a mid-frame 210 (also referred to as a front shell or front frame) and a rear cover 220 (also referred to as a battery cover). The mid-frame 210 is disposed between the display screen 300 and the rear cover 220, and the rear cover 220 and the mid-frame 210 form a first receiving space 230, in which the camera module 100 is disposed. The display screen 300 and the mid-frame 210 form a second receiving space 240, in which electronic components such as a motherboard 400 are disposed. The motherboard 400 is connected to the display screen 300 and the camera module 100 respectively via flexible circuit boards.

[0076] The display screen 300 can be a liquid crystal display screen or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display screen, without any specific limitation. In addition to being installed in the first receiving space 230, the camera module 100 can also be installed in the second receiving space 240 to serve as a front-facing camera module for electronic devices.

[0077] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2b, the camera module 100 includes an optical lens 10 and a photosensitive element 20. The photosensitive element 20 is located on the image side of the optical lens 10, and the optical lens 10 is disposed opposite to the camera window 221 on the rear cover 220.

[0078] The optical lens 10 mainly uses the refraction principle of the lens to form an image. That is, the light of the subject enters the optical lens 10 through the camera window 221 and forms a clear image on the focal plane of the optical lens 10. The image of the subject is recorded by the photosensitive element 20 located at the focal plane. The photosensitive element 20 converts the optical image into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processor on the motherboard 400. The processor transmits the electrical signal to the display screen 300 to display the image of the subject on the display screen 300.

[0079] The photosensitive element 20 (also known as an image sensor) is a semiconductor chip containing hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface, which generate electrical charges when exposed to light. The photosensitive element 20 can be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device; no specific limitation is made here.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2b, the camera module 100 further includes a filter 30, which is located between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20. The filter 30 is used to filter out unwanted wavelengths in the light, preventing the photosensitive element 20 from producing false colors or ripples, thereby improving its effective resolution and color reproduction. For example, as shown in FIG2b, the filter 30 can be an infrared filter.

[0081] Of course, the filter 30 is not limited to being placed between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20. The filter 30 can also be attached to the surface of one of the lenses or prisms of the optical lens 10 to achieve filtering.

[0082] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the camera module 100 in the electronic device shown in Figure 2b. This figure shows the structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the first embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the optical lens 10 of the camera module 100 includes a first lens group 1 and a prism group 2 disposed on the image side of the first lens group 1.

[0083] As shown in Figure 3, the first lens group 1 includes a first lens 11, a second lens 12, and a third lens 13 along the object-side to image-side direction (e.g., from top to bottom in Figure 3). The first lens 11 and the third lens 13 are positive lenses, and the second lens 12 is a negative lens. This arrangement, with the optical power of the first lens 11, the second lens 12, and the third lens 13 in a "positive-negative-positive" pairing, facilitates the cancellation of positive and negative aberrations, thereby helping to correct the aberrations of the optical lens 10.

[0084] Of course, the optical power of the first lens 11, the second lens 12, and the third lens 13 is not limited to a "positive-negative-positive" combination; other combinations can also be used, such as "positive-positive-negative," "positive-negative-negative," or "negative-positive-negative," depending on the design requirements of the optical lens 10. The first lens group 1 is not limited to three lenses; four, five, or six lenses can also be used depending on the actual situation.

[0085] The prism assembly 2 includes a first prism 21 and a second prism 22 disposed on the image side of the first prism 21. Both the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are multiple reflection prisms, which can be secondary reflection prisms, tertiary reflection prisms, etc.

[0086] The first prism 21 includes a first incident surface 211 and a first exit surface 212, and the second prism 22 includes a second incident surface 221 and a second exit surface 222. The second incident surface 221 is disposed facing the first exit surface 212, and the second exit surface 222 is disposed facing the image plane of the optical lens 10 (i.e., the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 20).

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, the optical lens 10 has a prism group 2 set on the image side of the first lens group 1. The prism group 2 includes a first prism 21 and a second prism 22. Both the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are multiple reflection prisms. In this way, the light from the subject can be reflected multiple times when it passes through the prism group 2. The longer light path can be folded into the relatively small prism group 2. This can reduce the distance between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20, thereby reducing the size of the camera module 100 and the space occupied by the camera module 100 in the internal space of the electronic device, which is conducive to the thinning and lightening of the electronic device.

[0088] The ratio L / H, which is the ratio of the unfolded length L of prism group 2 to its height H, is an important parameter of prism group 2. The magnitude of the L / H ratio reflects the prism group 2's ability to compress the optical path size. The L / H ratio should not be too small; if it is, the prism group 2's ability to compress the optical path size is reduced, which is detrimental to further reducing the size of the camera module 100. Research has found that when the L / H ratio is ≥ 1.9, for example, L / H can be 1.985, 2.015, 3.828, 3.414, 2.828, or 5.828, the prism group 2 can effectively compress the optical path size, making the structure of the optical lens 10 more compact, thus facilitating further reduction in the size of the camera module 100.

[0089] As shown in Figure 3, the unfolded length L of prism group 2 is the sum of the optical axis length of the first prism 21 and the optical axis length of the second prism 22. For example, the unfolded length L of prism group 2 is a1a2 + a2a3 + a3a4 + a4a2 + a5a6 + a6a7 + a7a5 + a5a8. The height H of prism group 2 satisfies: H = H1 - dcosθ. H1 is the maximum dimension of prism group 2 in the direction perpendicular to the first incident surface 211 (such as the up and down direction shown in Figure 3). d is the width of the prism gap 23 between the first exit surface 212 and the second incident surface 221, and θ is the tilt angle of the prism gap 23 relative to the first incident surface 211.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the ratio L / H ≤ 5.9. This setting avoids an excessively large ratio L / H, which would increase the design complexity of the prism assembly 2 and hinder the reduction of its design and manufacturing costs. By setting the ratio L / H to ≤ 5.9, the design complexity of the prism assembly 2 can be reduced, thereby preventing excessively high design and manufacturing costs.

[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 form a first corner portion 214, and the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 form a second corner portion 224. The second corner portion 224 is located at the end of the second incident surface 221 away from the first corner portion 214, that is, the first corner portion 214 and the second corner portion 224 are located at opposite ends of the prism gap 23, respectively. With this configuration, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be located on opposite sides of the prism group 2, so that the prism group 2 can be applied to a vertical optical lens 10.

[0092] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, Figure 4 is an optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3. Both the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are triple-reflection prisms. The first prism 21 further includes a first reflecting surface 213 located opposite to the first corner portion 214, and the second prism 22 further includes a second reflecting surface 223 located opposite to the second corner portion 224.

[0093] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, after the light passes through the first incident surface 211 and enters the first prism 21, it undergoes total internal reflection at the first exit surface 212, reflection at the first reflecting surface 213, and total internal reflection at the first incident surface 211 before exiting the first prism 21 through the first exit surface 212. The light emitted from the first exit surface 212 passes through the second incident surface 221 and enters the second prism 22, undergoes total internal reflection at the second exit surface 222, reflection at the second reflecting surface 223, and total internal reflection at the second incident surface 221 before exiting the second prism 22 through the second exit surface 222.

[0094] As shown in Figure 3, in the first prism 21, the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 are total reflection surfaces, and no reflective film layer is required on them; the first reflecting surface 213 is a non-total reflection surface, and a reflective film layer (such as a silver reflective layer or an aluminum reflective layer) is applied to it. In the second prism 22, the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 are total reflection surfaces, and no reflective film layer is required on them; the second reflecting surface 223 is a non-total reflection surface, and a reflective film layer is applied to it.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the ratio L / H of the unfolded length L of the prism group 2 to the height H of the prism group 2 satisfies: 5.0≤L / H≤5.9, for example, the ratio L / H can be 5.828. This setting allows the ratio L / H to be in a relatively high range, giving the prism group 2 a strong ability to compress the optical path size. The prism group 2 can better fold and compress the optical path of the ultra-long focal length optical lens 10 (i.e., a super telephoto lens, sensor 50M0.7, capable of supporting more than 8x zoom), thereby making the size of the camera module 100 smaller.

[0096] Specifically, the aforementioned sensor 50M0.7 refers to the super telephoto lens having 50 million pixels and a pixel size of 0.7μm.

[0097] Figure 5 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group 2 in the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3 before and after unfolding. The upper part of Figure 5 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 in the unfolded state of the prism group 2, and the lower part of Figure 5 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3. As can be seen from the upper and lower parts of Figure 5, by folding and compressing the optical path of the optical lens 10 by the prism group 2, the axial dimension (left-right direction shown in Figure 5) of the optical lens 10 shown in the lower part of Figure 5 is reduced to about 25% of the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 shown in the upper part of Figure 5. The compression effect of the prism group 2 on the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 is quite obvious. Specifically, the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 refers to the distance on the optical axis from the object-side surface of the first lens 11 in the first lens group 1 to the second exit surface 222.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exiting surface 212 satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°. This setting avoids the angle α1 being too large or too small. If the angle α1 is set too large, the size of the first prism 21 will be large in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group 1 (i.e., the left-right direction in FIG3), which is not conducive to reducing the space occupied by the prism group 2. If the angle α1 is set too small, it will affect the total internal reflection of light by the first incident surface 211 and the first exiting surface 212, which is not conducive to improving the utilization rate of light energy. Research has found that when the angle α1 satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°, it can avoid the prism group 2 occupying too much space and also ensure that the first incident surface 211 and the first exiting surface 212 perform total internal reflection of light, allowing the light to propagate along a predetermined path and avoiding light energy loss.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exiting surface 222 satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°. This setting avoids the angle α2 being too large or too small. If the angle α2 is set too large, the size of the second prism 22 will be large in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group 1 (i.e., the left-right direction in FIG3), which is not conducive to reducing the space occupied by the prism group 2. If the angle α2 is set too small, it will affect the total internal reflection of light by the second incident surface 221 and the second exiting surface 222, which is not conducive to improving the utilization rate of light energy. Research has found that when the angle α2 satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°, it can avoid the prism group 2 occupying too much space and also ensure that the second incident surface 221 and the second exiting surface 222 perform total internal reflection of light, allowing the light to propagate along a predetermined path and avoiding light energy loss.

[0100] The shapes of the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are not unique. In some embodiments, the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 can both be isosceles prisms, as shown in Figure 3. The angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 and the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 satisfy: α1=α2; the angle β1 between the first reflecting surface 213 and the first exit surface 211 and the angle γ1 between the first reflecting surface 213 and the first incident surface 212 satisfy: β1=γ1; the angle β2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second incident surface 221 and the angle γ2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second exit surface 222 satisfy: β2=γ2.

[0101] Since α1 = α2, β1 = γ1, and β2 = γ2, the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 can both be isosceles prisms with equal angles. This makes it convenient to combine the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 into a prism group 2 suitable for different types of optical lenses 10. For example, when the first corner portion 214 and the second corner portion 224 are located at opposite ends of the prism gap 23, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be parallel. In this way, the prism group 2 can be used for upright optical lenses 10.

[0102] Figure 6 shows the MTF-spatial frequency curve of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3. The horizontal axis of the curve in Figure 6 represents the spatial frequency value, which indicates the number of cycles per unit distance in an image. In two-dimensional images, spatial frequency is usually expressed as the number of cycles per unit length, commonly measured in line pairs per millimeter (lp / mm). Generally, a higher spatial frequency indicates faster changes in detail within the image, resulting in a more detailed image. The vertical axis of the curve in Figure 6 represents the MTF value, which indicates the contrast or modulation of the object's image at the corresponding spatial frequency after transmission through the optical lens 10. Contrast refers to the degree of brightness difference between adjacent pixels in an image. In an image, contrast determines the clarity of the object's outline and details. Higher contrast means a large difference in brightness between adjacent areas, while lower contrast means a smaller difference in brightness. As can be seen from the curve in Figure 6, the MTF value gradually decreases with increasing spatial frequency.

[0103] Figure 7 is an MTF-defocus distance curve of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3. The horizontal axis of the curve in Figure 7 represents the defocus distance. The point where the defocus distance is 0 points on the horizontal axis refers to the intersection of the optical axis of the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 2. The defocus distance refers to the distance away from this intersection point. The vertical axis of the curve in Figure 7 represents the MTF value. As can be seen from Figure 7, the MTF value gradually decreases as the defocus distance increases.

[0104] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the second embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 8 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3 is that the optical lens 10 of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 8 has an added optical path deflection element 5, as described below:

[0105] As shown in Figure 8, the optical lens 10 also includes a light path deflection element 5, which is disposed on the object side of the first lens group 1. By providing the light path deflection element 5, the light path of the optical lens 10 can be deflected, thereby reducing the space occupied by the optical lens 10 in the thickness direction (up and down direction in Figure 8) of the electronic device, which is conducive to the thinning and lightening of the electronic device.

[0106] The type of optical path deflection element 5 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the optical path deflection element 5 can be a deflection prism. The deflection prism includes a prism incident surface 51, a prism exit surface 52, and a prism reflecting surface 53. The prism incident surface 51 faces the object side of the optical lens 10, the prism exit surface 52 is arranged facing the side where the first lens group 1 is located, and the prism reflecting surface 53 is used to reflect the light rays that enter the deflection prism from the prism incident surface 51 to the prism exit surface 52.

[0107] As shown in Figure 8, the prism can be a right-angle reflecting prism, with the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism exit surface 52 being 90° and the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism reflecting surface 53 being 45°.

[0108] The optical path deflection element 5 is not limited to a deflection prism; in other embodiments, the optical path deflection element 5 may also be a reflector.

[0109] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the third embodiment of this application, Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the prism group 2 in Figure 9, and Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the light-shielding plate 3 in Figure 10. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figures 9-11 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3 is that the camera module 100 shown in Figures 9-11 has a light-shielding plate 3 added in the prism gap 23, as described below:

[0110] As shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11, a light-shielding plate 3 is provided in the prism gap 23. The light-shielding plate 3 includes a light-transmitting area 31 and a light-shielding area 32 located around the light-transmitting area 31. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding area 32 on the first exit surface 212 is located at the edge of the first exit surface 212. By providing the light-shielding plate 3 in the prism gap 23, the light-shielding area 32 of the light-shielding plate 3 can block stray light from the edge of the first exit surface 212, thereby preventing stray light from shining on the photosensitive element 20 and affecting the imaging quality of the optical lens 10.

[0111] Stray light is light that has not been reflected multiple times in prism group 2; only one stray light is shown in Figure 9.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the light-transmitting area 31 can be a light-transmitting hole disposed on the light-shielding sheet 3. However, it is not limited to this, and the light-transmitting area 31 can also be disposed on the transparent area of ​​the light-shielding sheet 3.

[0113] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the outline shape of the light-shielding plate 3 is rectangular, but it is not limited to this. The outline shape of the light-shielding plate 3 can also be circular or the like, which can be determined by the shape of the first exit surface 212 of the first prism 21.

[0114] The arrangement of the light-shielding plate 3 is not unique. In some embodiments, two light-shielding plates 23 can be arranged in the prism gap 23, as shown in Figures 9 and 10. There are two light-shielding plates 3, spaced apart. One light-shielding plate 3 (i.e., light-shielding plate 3a) is positioned at the first exit surface 212, and the other light-shielding plate 3 (i.e., light-shielding plate 3b) is positioned at the second incident surface 221. With this arrangement, the light-shielding plate 3b can block stray edge light missed by the light-shielding plate 3a, preventing this stray edge light from entering the second prism 22 through the second incident surface 221, thus improving the light-shielding effect of the light-shielding plate 3 on stray light.

[0115] Of course, in some other embodiments, a light-shielding plate 23 may also be provided in the prism gap 23.

[0116] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the fourth embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 12 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3 is that the camera module 100 shown in Figure 12 has a second lens group 6 added in the prism gap 23, as described below:

[0117] As shown in Figure 12, the optical lens 10 also includes a second lens group 6, which has a negative optical power and is disposed in the prism gap 23. By setting the optical power of the second lens group 6 to negative, the second lens group 6 can diverge the stray light emitted from the edge of the first exit surface 212, causing the stray light to be deflected towards the periphery of the second incident surface 221, thereby reducing the amount of stray light entering the second prism 22, which in turn helps to improve the imaging quality of the optical lens 10.

[0118] The structure of the second lens group 6 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the second lens group 6 includes a fourth lens 61 and a fifth lens 62 along the direction from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens 61 is a negative lens, and the fifth lens 62 is a positive lens. With this arrangement, the optical power of the fourth lens 61 and the fifth lens 62 adopts a "positive and negative" pairing, which is beneficial to the cancellation of positive and negative aberrations, thereby helping to correct the aberrations of the optical lens 10.

[0119] Of course, the optical power of the fourth lens 61 and the fifth lens 62 is not limited to a "positive and negative" combination; other combinations, such as a "negative and negative" combination, can also be used. The second lens group 6 is not limited to two lenses; one, three, four, five, or six lenses can be used depending on the actual situation.

[0120] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the fifth embodiment of this application, and Figure 14 is an optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 13. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figures 13 and 14 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 3 is that the arrangement of the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 in the camera module 100 shown in Figures 13 and 14 is different, as described below:

[0121] As shown in Figure 13, the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 form a first corner 214; the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 form a second corner 224; the second corner 224 is located at the end of the second incident surface 221 near the first corner 214, that is, the first corner 214 and the second corner 224 are located at the same end of the prism gap 23. With this arrangement, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be located on adjacent sides of the prism group 2, and the prism group 2 can cause the light path of the optical lens 10 to bend. Thus, the prism group 2 can be applied to the optical lens 10 that requires bending of the light path.

[0122] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13, the ratio L / H of the unfolded length L of the prism group 2 to the height H of the prism group 2 satisfies: 2.0≤L / H≤3.6, for example, the ratio L / H can be 3.414. This setting allows the ratio L / H to be in a higher range, giving the prism group 2 a stronger ability to compress the optical path size. The prism group 2 can better fold and compress the optical path of the optical lens 10 with a slightly longer focal length (such as a telephoto lens or a medium telephoto lens), thereby making the size of the camera module 100 smaller.

[0123] Figure 15 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group 2 in the camera module 100 shown in Figure 13 before and after unfolding. The upper figure in Figure 15 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 in the unfolded state of the prism group 2, and the lower figure in Figure 15 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 13. As can be seen from the upper and lower figures in Figure 15, by folding and compressing the optical path of the optical lens 10 by the prism group 2, the axial dimension (left-right direction shown in Figure 15) of the optical lens 10 shown in the lower figure in Figure 15 is reduced to about 35% of the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 shown in the upper figure in Figure 15. The compression effect of the prism group 2 on the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 is quite obvious.

[0124] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying too much space, and can also ensure that the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along the preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0125] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13, the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying a large space, and can also ensure that the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along a preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 can both be isosceles prisms, as shown in Figure 13. The angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212, and the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 satisfy: α1=α2; the angle β1 between the first reflecting surface 213 and the first exit surface 211, and the angle γ1 between the first reflecting surface 213 and the first incident surface 212 satisfy: β1=γ1; the angle β2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second incident surface 221, and the angle γ2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second exit surface 222 satisfy: β2=γ2.

[0127] Since α1 = α2, β1 = γ1, and β2 = γ2, the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 can both be isosceles prisms with equal angles. This makes it convenient to combine the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 into a prism group 2 suitable for different types of optical lenses 10. For example, when the first corner portion 214 and the second corner portion 224 are located at the same end of the prism gap 23, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be perpendicular. In this way, the prism group 2 can be used in optical lenses 10 that require a 90° bend in the optical path.

[0128] Figure 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the sixth embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 16 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 13 is that the optical lens 10 of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 16 has an added optical path deflection element 5, as described below:

[0129] As shown in Figure 16, the optical lens 10 also includes an optical path deflection element 5, which is disposed on the object side of the first lens group 1.

[0130] The type of optical path deflection element 5 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 8, the optical path deflection element 5 can be a deflection prism. As shown in Figure 16, the deflection prism can be a right-angle reflecting prism, with the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism exit surface 52 being 90°, and the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism reflecting surface 53 being 45°.

[0131] The optical path deflection element 5 is not limited to a deflection prism; in other embodiments, the optical path deflection element 5 may also be a reflector.

[0132] Figure 17 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the seventh embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 17 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 13 is that the camera module 100 shown in Figure 17 adds a second lens group 6 in the prism gap 23, as described below:

[0133] As shown in Figure 17, the optical lens 10 also includes a second lens group 6, which has a negative optical power and is disposed in the prism gap 23.

[0134] The structure of the second lens group 6 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the second lens group 6 includes a fourth lens 61 and a fifth lens 62 along the direction from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens 61 is a negative lens and the fifth lens 62 is a positive lens.

[0135] Of course, the optical power of the fourth lens 61 and the fifth lens 62 is not limited to a "positive and negative" combination; other combinations, such as a "negative and negative" combination, can also be used. The second lens group 6 is not limited to two lenses; one, three, four, five, or six lenses can be used depending on the actual situation.

[0136] Figure 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the eighth embodiment of this application, and Figure 19 is an optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 18. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figures 18 and 19 and the camera module 100 shown in Figures 13 and 14 is that the types of the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are different. In the optical lens 10 of the camera module 100 shown in Figures 18 and 19, both the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are secondary reflection prisms, as described below:

[0137] As shown in Figures 18 and 19, both the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are double-reflection prisms. After light passes through the first incident surface 211 and enters the first prism 21, it undergoes total internal reflection at the first exit surface 212 and reflection at the first reflecting surface 213 before exiting the first prism 21 through the first exit surface 212. After light exiting the first exit surface 212 passes through the second incident surface 221 and enters the second prism 22, it undergoes reflection at the second reflecting surface 223 and total internal reflection at the second incident surface 221 before exiting the second prism 22 through the second exit surface 222.

[0138] As shown in Figure 18, in the first prism 21, the first exit surface 212 is a total reflection surface, and it does not need to be covered with a reflective film layer. The first reflecting surface 213 is a non-total reflection surface, and it is covered with a reflective film layer (such as a silver reflective layer or an aluminum reflective layer). In the second prism 22, the second incident surface 221 is a total reflection surface, and it does not need to be covered with a reflective film layer. The second reflecting surface 223 is a non-total reflection surface, and it is covered with a reflective film layer.

[0139] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the ratio L / H of the unfolded length L of the prism group 2 to the height H of the prism group 2 satisfies: 2.0 ≤ L / H ≤ 3.6, for example, the ratio L / H can be 2.828. This setting allows the ratio L / H to be in a higher range, giving the prism group 2 a stronger ability to compress the optical path size. The prism group 2 can better fold and compress the optical path of the optical lens 10 with a slightly longer focal length (such as a telephoto lens or a medium telephoto lens), thereby making the size of the camera module 100 smaller.

[0140] Figure 20 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group 2 in the camera module 100 shown in Figure 18 before and after unfolding. The upper part of Figure 20 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 in the unfolded state of the prism group 2, and the lower part of Figure 20 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 18. As can be seen from the upper and lower parts of Figure 20, by folding and compressing the optical path of the optical lens 10 by the prism group 2, the axial dimension (left-right direction shown in Figure 20) of the optical lens 10 shown in the lower part of Figure 20 is reduced to about 55% of the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 shown in the upper part of Figure 20. The compression effect of the prism group 2 on the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 is quite obvious.

[0141] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the second corner portion 224 is located at one end of the second incident surface 221 near the first corner portion 214, that is, the first corner portion 214 and the second corner portion 224 are respectively located at the same end of the prism gap 23. With this configuration, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be located on adjacent sides of the prism group 2, and the prism group 2 can cause the light path of the optical lens 10 to bend. Thus, the prism group 2 can be applied to the optical lens 10 that requires bending of the light path.

[0142] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°, for example, α1 can be 45°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying a large space, and can also ensure that the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along the preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0143] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exiting surface 222 satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°, for example, α2 can be 45°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying too much space, and can also ensure that the second incident surface 221 and the second exiting surface 222 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along the preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0144] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG18, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212, the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222, the angle β1 between the first reflecting surface 213 and the first exit surface 211, and the angle β2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second incident surface 221 satisfy: α1=α2; α1=2β1, α2=2β2.

[0145] Since α1 = 2β1, this ensures that light rays, after being reflected by the first prism 21, can exit perpendicularly from the first exit surface 212, thereby reducing reflection loss on the first exit surface 212. Similarly, since α2 = 2β2, this ensures that light rays, after being reflected by the second prism 22, can exit perpendicularly from the second exit surface 222, thereby reducing reflection loss on the second exit surface 222. Furthermore, since α1 = α2, meaning that both the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are prisms with equal angles, it is convenient to combine the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 into a prism group 2 suitable for different types of optical lenses 10. For example, when the first corner portion 214 and the second corner portion 224 are located at the same end of the prism gap 23, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be perpendicular. Thus, this prism group 2 can be used in optical lenses 10 that require a 90° bend in the light path.

[0146] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the ninth embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 21 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 18 is that the optical lens 10 of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 21 has an added optical path deflection element 5, as described below:

[0147] As shown in Figure 21, the optical lens 10 also includes an optical path deflection element 5, which is disposed on the object side of the first lens group 1.

[0148] The type of optical path deflection element 5 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG21, the optical path deflection element 5 can be a deflection prism. As shown in FIG21, the deflection prism can be a right-angle reflecting prism, with the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism exit surface 52 being 90° and the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism reflecting surface 53 being 45°.

[0149] The optical path deflection element 5 is not limited to a deflection prism; in other embodiments, the optical path deflection element 5 may also be a reflector.

[0150] Figure 22 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the tenth embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 22 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 18 is that the camera module 100 shown in Figure 22 has a second lens group 6 added in the prism gap 23, as described below:

[0151] As shown in Figure 22, the optical lens 10 also includes a second lens group 6, which has a negative optical power and is disposed in the prism gap 23.

[0152] The structure of the second lens group 6 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG22, the second lens group 6 includes a fourth lens 61 and a fifth lens 62 along the direction from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens 61 is a negative lens and the fifth lens 62 is a positive lens.

[0153] Of course, the optical power of the fourth lens 61 and the fifth lens 62 is not limited to a "positive and negative" combination; other combinations, such as a "negative and negative" combination, can also be used. The second lens group 6 is not limited to two lenses; one, three, four, five, or six lenses can be used depending on the actual situation.

[0154] Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the eleventh embodiment of this application, and Figure 24a is an optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 23. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figures 23 and 24a and the camera module 100 shown in Figures 18 and 19 is that the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 of the camera module 100 shown in Figures 23 and 24a are arranged differently, as described below:

[0155] As shown in Figures 23 and 24a, the second corner portion 224 is located at the end of the second incident surface 221 away from the first corner portion 214. That is, the first corner portion 214 and the second corner portion 224 are located at opposite ends of the prism gap 23, respectively. With this arrangement, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be located on opposite sides of the prism group 2, so that the prism group 2 can be applied to a vertical optical lens 10.

[0156] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the ratio L / H of the unfolded length L of the prism group 2 to the height H of the prism group 2 satisfies: 1.9 ≤ L / H ≤ 3.6, for example, the ratio L / H can be 1.985, 2.015, etc. This setting allows the ratio L / H to be in a higher range, giving the prism group 2 a stronger ability to compress the optical path size. The prism group 2 can better fold and compress the optical path of the optical lens 10 with a slightly longer focal length (such as a medium telephoto lens), thereby making the size of the camera module 100 smaller.

[0157] Figure 24b is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group 2 in the camera module 100 shown in Figure 23 before and after unfolding. The upper part of Figure 24b shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 23, and the lower part of Figure 24b shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 in the unfolded state of the prism group 2. As can be seen from the upper and lower parts of Figure 24b, by folding and compressing the optical path of the optical lens 10 by the prism group 2, the axial dimension (left-right direction shown in Figure 24b) of the optical lens 10 shown in the upper part of Figure 24b is reduced to about 65% of the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 shown in the lower part of Figure 24b. The compression effect of the prism group 2 on the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 is obvious.

[0158] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying a large space, and can also ensure that the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along the preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying a large space, and can also ensure that the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along the preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0160] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the angles α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212, α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222, β1 between the first reflecting surface 213 and the first exit surface 211, and β2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second incident surface 221 satisfy: α1=α2; α1=2β1, α2=2β2. This configuration ensures that light rays, after being reflected by the first prism 21, can exit perpendicularly from the first exit surface 212, and also ensures that light rays, after being reflected by the second prism 22, can exit perpendicularly from the second exit surface 222, thereby reducing light reflection losses on the first exit surface 212 and the second exit surface 222. Simultaneously, it also facilitates the combination of the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 into prism groups 2 suitable for different types of optical lenses 10.

[0161] Figure 25 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the twelfth embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 25 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 23 is that the optical lens 10 of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 25 has an added optical path deflection element 5, as described below:

[0162] As shown in Figure 25, the optical lens 10 also includes an optical path deflection element 5, which is disposed on the object side of the first lens group 1.

[0163] The type of optical path deflection element 5 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG25, the optical path deflection element 5 can be a deflection prism. As shown in FIG25, the deflection prism can be a right-angle reflecting prism, with the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism exit surface 52 being 90° and the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism reflecting surface 53 being 45°.

[0164] The optical path deflection element 5 is not limited to a deflection prism; in other embodiments, the optical path deflection element 5 may also be a reflector.

[0165] Figure 26 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the thirteenth embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 26 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 23 is that the camera module 100 shown in Figure 26 adds a second lens group 6 in the prism gap 23, as described below:

[0166] As shown in Figure 26, the optical lens 10 also includes a second lens group 6, which has a negative optical power and is disposed in the prism gap 23.

[0167] The structure of the second lens group 6 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG26, the second lens group 6 includes a fourth lens 61 and a fifth lens 62 along the direction from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens 61 is a negative lens and the fifth lens 62 is a positive lens.

[0168] Of course, the optical power of the fourth lens 61 and the fifth lens 62 is not limited to a "positive and negative" combination; other combinations, such as a "negative and negative" combination, can also be used. The second lens group 6 is not limited to two lenses; one, three, four, five, or six lenses can be used depending on the actual situation.

[0169] Figure 27 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the fourteenth embodiment of this application, and Figure 28 is an optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 27. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figures 27 and 28 and the camera module 100 shown in Figures 3 and 4 is that the types of the first prism 21 and the second prism 22 are different, as described below:

[0170] As shown in Figures 27 and 28, the first prism 21 is a double-reflection prism, and the second prism 22 is a triple-reflection prism. After light passes through the first incident surface 211 and enters the first prism 21, it undergoes total internal reflection at the first exit surface 212 and reflection at the first reflecting surface 213 before exiting the first prism 21 through the first exit surface 212. After light exiting the first exit surface 212 passes through the second incident surface 221 and enters the second prism 22, it undergoes total internal reflection at the second exit surface 22, reflection at the second reflecting surface 223, and total internal reflection at the second incident surface 221 before exiting the second prism 22 through the second exit surface 222.

[0171] As shown in Figure 27, in the first prism 21, the first exit surface 212 is a total reflection surface, and it does not need to be covered with a reflective film layer. The first reflecting surface 213 is a non-total reflection surface, and it is covered with a reflective film layer (such as a silver reflective layer or an aluminum reflective layer). In the second prism 22, the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 are total reflection surfaces, and they do not need to be covered with a reflective film layer. The second reflecting surface 223 is a non-total reflection surface, and it is covered with a reflective film layer.

[0172] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, the ratio L / H of the unfolded length L of the prism group 2 to the height H of the prism group 2 satisfies: 3.7 ≤ L / H ≤ 4.0, for example, the ratio L / H can be 3.828. This setting allows the ratio L / H to be in a relatively high range, giving the prism group 2 a strong ability to compress the optical path size. The prism group 2 can better fold and compress the optical path of optical lenses 10 with relatively long focal lengths (such as telephoto lenses), thereby making the size of the camera module 100 smaller.

[0173] Figure 29 is a comparison of the optical path dimensions of the prism group 2 in the camera module 100 shown in Figure 27 before and after unfolding. The upper part of Figure 29 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 in the unfolded state of the prism group 2, and the lower part of Figure 29 shows the optical path diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 27. As can be seen from the upper and lower parts of Figure 29, by folding and compressing the optical path of the optical lens 10 by the prism group 2, the axial dimension (left-right direction shown in Figure 29) of the optical lens 10 shown in the lower part of Figure 29 is reduced to about 35% of the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 shown in the upper part of Figure 29. The compression effect of the prism group 2 on the axial dimension of the optical lens 10 is quite obvious.

[0174] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, the second corner portion 224 is located at the end of the second incident surface 221 away from the first corner portion 214, that is, the first corner portion 214 and the second corner portion 224 are located at opposite ends of the prism gap 23. With this configuration, the first incident surface 211 and the second exit surface 222 can be located on opposite sides of the prism group 2, so that the prism group 2 can be applied to a vertical optical lens 10.

[0175] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212, and the angle β1 between the first reflecting surface 213 and the first exit surface 211 satisfy: α1=2β1; the angle β2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second incident surface 221, and the angle γ2 between the first reflecting surface 223 and the second exit surface 222 satisfy: β2=γ2.

[0176] Since α1 = 2β1, this ensures that the light rays can exit perpendicularly from the first exit surface 212 after being reflected by the first prism 21, thereby reducing the reflection loss of the light rays on the first exit surface 212; and since β2 = γ2, that is, the second prism 22 is an isosceles prism, this ensures that the light rays can exit perpendicularly from the second exit surface 222 after being reflected by the second prism 22, thereby reducing the reflection loss of the light rays on the second exit surface 222.

[0177] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212, and the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exit surface 222 satisfy: α1=α2; since α1=α2, the second exit surface 222 can be parallel or approximately parallel to the first incident surface 211, so the photosensitive element 20 does not need to be tilted relative to the axis (up and down direction in FIG27) of the optical lens 10, thereby facilitating the installation of the photosensitive element 27.

[0178] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, the angle α1 between the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°, for example, α1 can be 45°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying a large space, and can also ensure that the first incident surface 211 and the first exit surface 212 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along the preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0179] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG27, the angle α2 between the second incident surface 221 and the second exiting surface 222 satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°, for example, α2 can be 45°. This setting can avoid the prism group 2 occupying a large space, and can also ensure that the second incident surface 221 and the second exiting surface 222 perform total internal reflection of the light, so that the light propagates along a preset path and avoids light energy loss.

[0180] Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of the camera module 100 in the fifteenth embodiment of this application. The main difference between the camera module 100 shown in Figure 30 and the camera module 100 shown in Figure 27 is that the optical lens 10 of the camera module 100 shown in Figure 30 has an added optical path deflection element 5, as described below:

[0181] As shown in Figure 30, the optical lens 10 also includes an optical path deflection element 5, which is disposed on the object side of the first lens group 1.

[0182] The type of optical path deflection element 5 is not unique. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG30, the optical path deflection element 5 can be a deflection prism. As shown in FIG30, the deflection prism can be a right-angle reflecting prism, with the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism exit surface 52 being 90° and the angle between the prism incident surface 51 and the prism reflecting surface 53 being 45°.

[0183] The optical path deflection element 5 is not limited to a deflection prism; in other embodiments, the optical path deflection element 5 may also be a reflector.

[0184] The parameters of the prism group 2 of the optical lens 10 in some embodiments of this application are summarized in the following table:

[0185] Table 1. Parameters of the prism group 2 of the optical lens 10 in some embodiments of this application.

[0186] Table 2 Parameters of the prism group 2 of the optical lens 10 in other embodiments of this application

[0187] In Tables 1 and 2, the half-width of the first incident surface 211 refers to the size of the first incident surface 211 in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group 1 (e.g., the left-right direction in Figure 3, or the up-down direction in Figure 8). The effective half-width of the first incident surface 211 refers to the size of the light-transmitting area of ​​the first incident surface 211 in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group 1.

[0188] The unfolded length of the first prism 21 specifically refers to the optical axis length of the first prism 21. The unfolded length of the second prism 22 specifically refers to the optical axis length of the second prism 22.

[0189] The half-width of prism group 2 specifically refers to the maximum size of prism group 2 in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group 1 (such as the left-right direction in Figure 3, or the up-down direction in Figure 8).

[0190] The types of cross-sectional lines in the accompanying drawings are for distinguishing different components and should not be construed as limiting the materials of the components. The accompanying drawings are for illustrating structural composition and are not shown to scale of the actual product.

[0191] While the description of this application is presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the application in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may arise based on the claims of this application. To provide a thorough understanding of this application, many specific details will be included in the following description. This application may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0192] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0193] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0194] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. "Multiple" refers to at least two.

[0195] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0196] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, It includes a first lens group (1) and a prism group (2) disposed on the image side of the first lens group (1); The prism assembly (2) includes a first prism (21) and a second prism (22) disposed on the image side of the first prism (21). Both the first prism (21) and the second prism (22) are multiple reflection prisms. The first prism (21) includes a first incident surface (211) and a first exit surface (212). The second prism (22) includes a second incident surface (221) and a second exit surface (222). The second incident surface (221) is disposed facing the first exit surface (212), and the second exit surface (222) is disposed facing the image plane of the optical lens. The unfolded length L of the prism group (2) and the height H of the prism group (2) satisfy: L / H≥1.9; Wherein, the unfolded length L of the prism group (2) is the sum of the optical axis length of the first prism (21) and the optical axis length of the second prism (22); the height H of the prism group (2) satisfies: H=H1-dcosθ; H1 is the maximum dimension of the prism group (2) in the direction perpendicular to the first incident surface (211); d is the width of the prism gap (23) between the first exit surface (212) and the second incident surface (221); θ is the tilt angle of the prism gap (23) relative to the first incident surface (211).

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unfolded length L of the prism group (2) and the height H of the prism group (2) satisfy: 1.9≤L / H≤3.

6.

3. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unfolded length L of the prism group (2) and the height H of the prism group (2) satisfy: 5.0≤L / H≤5.

9.

4. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unfolded length L of the prism group (2) and the height H of the prism group (2) satisfy: L / H≤5.

9.

5. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first incident surface (211) and the first exit surface (212) form a first corner (214); the second incident surface (221) and the second exit surface (222) form a second corner (224); The second corner portion (224) is located at the end of the second incident surface (221) away from the first corner portion (214), or the second corner portion (224) is located at the end of the second incident surface (221) close to the first corner portion (214).

6. The optical lens according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle α1 between the first incident surface (211) and the first exit surface (212) satisfies: 30°≤α1≤60°; The angle α2 between the second incident surface (221) and the second exit surface (222) satisfies: 30°≤α2≤60°.

7. The optical lens according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first prism (21) and the second prism (22) are both triple-reflection prisms. The first prism (21) further includes a first reflecting surface (213), which is located on the opposite side of the first corner (214). The second prism (22) further includes a second reflecting surface (223), which is located on the opposite side of the second corner (224). The angle α1 between the first incident surface (211) and the first exit surface (212) and the angle α2 between the second incident surface (221) and the second exit surface (222) satisfy: α1=α2; The angle β1 between the first reflecting surface (213) and the first exiting surface (211), and the angle γ1 between the first reflecting surface (213) and the first incident surface (212) satisfy: β1 = γ1; The angle β2 between the first reflecting surface (223) and the second incident surface (221) and the angle γ2 between the first reflecting surface (223) and the second exiting surface (222) satisfy: β2=γ2.

8. The optical lens according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first prism (21) and the second prism (22) are both secondary reflection prisms. The first prism (21) further includes a first reflecting surface (213), which is located on the opposite side of the first corner (214). The second prism (22) further includes a second reflecting surface (223), which is located on the opposite side of the second corner (224). The angle α1 between the first incident surface (211) and the first exit surface (212), the angle α2 between the second incident surface (221) and the second exit surface (222), the angle β1 between the first reflecting surface (213) and the first exit surface (211), and the angle β2 between the second reflecting surface (223) and the second incident surface (221) satisfy: α1=α2; α1=2β1, α2=2β2.

9. The optical lens according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first prism (21) is a secondary reflection prism, and the second prism (22) is a tertiary reflection prism; the second corner (224) is located at the end of the second incident surface (222) away from the first corner (214); the first prism (21) also includes a first reflecting surface (213), which is located on the opposite side of the first corner (214); the second prism (22) also includes a second reflecting surface (223), which is located on the opposite side of the second corner (224); The angle α1 between the first incident surface (211) and the first exit surface (212), and the angle β1 between the first reflecting surface (213) and the first exit surface (211) satisfy: α1=2β1; The angle β2 between the first reflecting surface (223) and the second incident surface (221) and the angle γ2 between the second reflecting surface (223) and the second exiting surface (222) satisfy: β2=γ2.

10. The optical lens according to claim 9, characterized in that, The angle α1 between the first incident surface (211) and the first exit surface (212) and the angle α2 between the second incident surface (221) and the second exit surface (222) satisfy: α1=α2.

11. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, A light-shielding plate (3) is provided in the prism gap (23). The light-shielding plate (3) includes a light-transmitting area (31) and a light-shielding area (32) located around the light-transmitting area (31). The orthographic projection of the light-shielding area (32) on the first emission surface (212) is located at the edge of the first emission surface (212).

12. The optical lens according to claim 11, characterized in that, The number of light-shielding plates (3) is two, and the two light-shielding plates (3) are arranged at intervals. One light-shielding plate (3) is located at the position of the first exit surface (212), and the other light-shielding plate (3) is located at the position of the second incident surface (221).

13. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The optical lens also includes a second lens group (6), which has a negative optical power and is disposed in the prism gap (23).

14. A camera module, characterized in that, It includes a photosensitive element (20) and an optical lens (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the photosensitive element (20) is disposed on the image side of the prism group (2) of the optical lens (10).

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a housing (200) and a camera module (100) as described in claim 14, wherein the camera module (100) is mounted on the housing (200).

Images