Drilling turbine

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling turbine (1) having a housing (2) and having a turbine impeller (3) which is accommodated rotatably relative to the housing (2) and which has a plurality of turbine blades (33), wherein the housing (2) has at least one drive line (23) with in each case at least one drive opening (231) through which a drive fluid can be directed onto the plurality of turbine blades (33), wherein the housing has a receiving pin (25) and the turbine impeller (3) has a cavity (35), and the drilling turbine (1) also contains a bearing (5) which is arranged at least partially in the cavity (35) of the turbine impeller (3), wherein the receiving pin (25) engages into the bearing (5).

Description

[0001] FRIESE GOEDEN

[0002] Patent Attorneys PartGmbB

[0003] Widenmayerstraße 49

[0004] 80538 Munich

[0005] Our reference number: 32050 PWO GO

[0006] Applicant: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft e. V.

[0007] drilling turbine

[0008] The invention relates to a drilling turbine with a housing and with a turbine runner which is rotatably mounted relative to the housing and which has a plurality of turbine blades, wherein the housing has at least one drive line with at least one drive outlet through which a drive fluid can be directed onto the plurality of turbine blades.

[0009] Such a drilling turbine is known from WO 2021 / 224391 Al. In this known turbine, the impeller is mounted on a drive shaft, which is rotatably mounted in the turbine housing. This results in the rotating shaft experiencing a bending moment due to the forces occurring during drilling, which can lead to shaft failure. Since the drilling turbine can be located deep underground, far from the surface, during operation, a defect in the drilling turbine leads to a significant delay in drilling progress.

[0010] Based on the prior art, the invention may, among other things, be based on the objective of providing a drilling turbine which has a higher level of operational reliability.

[0011] The following describes a drilling turbine suitable for deep drilling or directional drilling, for example, for horizontal sinking. The described drilling turbine can be used in several versions. 32050 PDE GO 2 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0012] Guidance methods can also be applied in water-bearing rock strata, for example to develop geothermal fields.

[0013] In some embodiments of the invention, the drilling turbine may have a housing. The housing may be made of a metal or alloy, or of plastic. If a plastic is used for the housing, it may, in some embodiments of the invention, be fiber-reinforced. The housing may be manufactured by machining. In other embodiments of the invention, the housing may be manufactured by additive manufacturing. The housing may have a polygonal or round basic shape.

[0014] Furthermore, the drilling turbine can have a turbine runner that can be set in rotation hydraulically or pneumatically. For this purpose, the turbine runner can be rotatably mounted relative to the housing. The turbine runner can have a plurality of turbine blades. The turbine blades can be angled relative to the jet of the driving fluid so that they have an impact surface and the driving fluid can exert a torque on the turbine runner. In some embodiments of the invention, the impact surface of the turbine blades can be curved. The curved impact surface can be concave to increase the achievable torque.

[0015] In some embodiments of the invention, the turbine runner can also be made of a metal, an alloy, or a plastic. The turbine runner and / or the turbine blades can be wholly or partially provided with a wear-resistant coating, which reduces abrasive wear of the drilling turbine during operation. The turbine runner on the one hand and the turbine blades 32050 PDE GO 3 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0016] On the other hand, they can be manufactured separately and then joined. In other embodiments of the invention, the turbine blades and the turbine impeller can be manufactured in one piece, for example by machining or by an additive manufacturing process.

[0017] In some embodiments of the invention, the turbine impeller can be configured to generate a drive torque and transmit it to a tool. For this purpose, the turbine impeller can be directly connected to a tool, so that the tool and the turbine impeller rotate at the same speed. In other embodiments, the turbine impeller and the tool can be coupled indirectly via a gearbox. In this case, the tool and the turbine impeller can rotate at the same or different speeds. The tool can be a drilling tool.

[0018] In some embodiments of the invention, the housing can have at least one drive line. The drive line can have a first end and an opposing second end. The first end can be configured as a drive outlet. During operation of the drilling turbine, a drive fluid can be supplied via the second end, which then exits through the drive outlet. In the simplest case, the drive outlet can be a free-blowing pipe end. In some embodiments of the invention, the drive outlet can be a divergent or a convergent nozzle to influence the pressure and / or velocity of the exiting drive fluid. The drive fluid can be compressible or incompressible. In particular, the drive fluid can be a gas, for example, compressed air. In other embodiments of the invention, the drive fluid can be a liquid, in particular water or an aqueous suspension containing particles. 32050 PDE GO 4 / 23 08. 12.2025.

[0019] The drive outlet is arranged such that the velocity vector of the exiting drive fluid impinges on the turbine blades and generates a drive torque at the turbine runner. In some embodiments of the invention, the drive fluid can exit tangentially to the casing. In some embodiments of the invention, the drilling turbine can have a plurality of drive lines and / or a plurality of drive outlets. The number of drive outlets can be between approximately two and approximately ten, or between approximately four and approximately eight, in some embodiments of the invention.

[0020] In some embodiments of the invention, the housing may have a receiving pin. The receiving pin may be rigidly attached to the housing. In some embodiments of the invention, the receiving pin may be integrally connected to the housing. This means that the receiving pin and the rest of the housing are made from a single piece of material, for example, as a turned part. Alternatively, the receiving pin and the housing may be integrally manufactured using an additive manufacturing process, so that there is no joint between the receiving pin and the rest of the housing. In some embodiments of the invention, the receiving pin may not be rotatable relative to the housing.

[0021] Furthermore, the turbine impeller can contain at least one cavity. The cavity can be bounded by an outer flat or curved surface facing the borehole. In some embodiments of the invention, the cavity can have a cylindrical shape.

[0022] The drilling turbine may also contain a bearing, which may be located at least partially within the cavity of the turbine runner. After the turbine runner is mounted to the casing, the casing's mounting pin engages in the 32050 PDE GO 5 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0023] The proposed drilling turbine incorporates a bearing. Unlike conventional drilling turbines, it does not contain a rotating drive shaft. Instead, the turbine impeller and bearing rotate on the stationary mounting journal of the housing. This feature positions the bearing closer to the drilling tool, resulting in lower bending moments on the mounting journal. Consequently, the mounting journal can have a longer service life than the drive shaft in conventional drilling turbines. This extends the overall service life, reducing the frequency of undesirable work interruptions due to turbine failure.

[0024] In some embodiments of the invention, the bearing can be a plain bearing or include a plain bearing. The plain bearing can include a bearing sleeve made of metal or plastic. The bearing sleeve can be lubricated by a portion of the drive fluid. In some embodiments, the bearing sleeve of the rolling bearing can be made of a self-lubricating material, for example, a fluoropolymer or bronze. Finally, the bearing sleeve of the plain bearing can be provided wholly or partially with a sliding layer and / or a wear-resistant layer. Such a sliding layer and / or wear-resistant layer can, for example, contain or consist of graphite or diamond-like carbon (DLC), or a carbide, or a nitrite, or an oxide, or hard chrome. In some embodiments, the sliding layer and / or wear-resistant layer can be TiN and / or BN and / or CrN and / or SiO₂. x contain or consist of.

[0025] In other embodiments of the invention, the bearing of the drilling turbine can contain or consist of at least one rolling bearing. The rolling bearing can be selected from an angular contact ball bearing, a deep groove ball bearing, or a needle roller bearing. This allows the turbine impeller to be mounted with particularly low friction, so that the pressure on the drilling 32050 PDE GO 6 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0026] The torque applied to the tool may be increased due to lower friction losses.

[0027] In some embodiments of the invention, the bearing can have a toroidal shape with an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the outer surface bears at least partially against a boundary surface of the turbine impeller cavity and the inner surface bears at least partially against an outer surface of the mounting journal. In the case of a rolling bearing, the bearing can be pressed onto the mounting journal and pressed into the turbine impeller. In the case of a plain bearing, a gap can be formed between the bearing and the mounting journal and / or between the bearing and the turbine impeller, which is filled with a fluid.

[0028] In some embodiments of the invention, the housing and / or the turbine impeller can have an outer diameter of approximately 2.5 cm to approximately 15 cm. In other embodiments of the invention, the housing and / or the turbine impeller can have an outer diameter of approximately 5 cm to approximately 10 cm. In some embodiments of the invention, the drilling turbine can have a length of approximately 3 cm to approximately 15 cm. In other embodiments of the invention, the drilling turbine can have a length of approximately 5 cm to approximately 10 cm. This makes the drilling turbine particularly compact, so that it can also be guided by a deflector shoe and is also suitable for horizontal drilling at great depths.

[0029] In some embodiments of the invention, a drilling tool can be directly connected to the turbine impeller. This allows the turbine impeller and the drilling tool to rotate at the same speed without an intermediate reduction gear. The drilling tool can be attached to the turbine impeller, for example, by screwing or clamping. 32050 PDE GO 7 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0030] be connected. In some embodiments of the invention, the turbine impeller can be provided with an abrasive coating and can itself serve directly as a drilling tool and be replaced when worn.

[0031] In some embodiments of the invention, the turbine impeller can be connected to a mounting device for a drill bit. In this case, too, the drill bit can rotate at the same speed as the turbine impeller. The mounting device can simplify the exchange of the drill bit in order to adapt the drilling turbine to different application scenarios. This could include, for example, drilling hard rock or drilling soft materials.

[0032] In some embodiments of the invention, the drilling tool can be a drill bit. In other embodiments, the drilling tool can have a plurality of geometrically undefined cutting edges that cause abrasive removal of the rock. In some embodiments, the drilling tool can have a material guide to carry the drill cuttings generated during operation along the drill turbine to the rear, from where they can be removed from the borehole.

[0033] In some embodiments of the invention, the at least one drive line can be arranged behind the bearing in a feed direction. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one drive line can be arranged in a first longitudinal section of the housing, wherein at least the receiving journal forms a second longitudinal section of the housing. In this embodiment, the drive lines thus do not run in the longitudinal section of the housing in which the receiving journal is located. This allows the drilling turbine to be designed more compactly because the bearing does not have to be integrated into the housing with its numerous flow channels. 32050 PDE GO 8 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0034] The housing must be installed. The diameter of the housing, the turbine impeller, and the drilling tool can therefore be reduced compared to known drilling turbines. In other embodiments of the invention, the mounting journal and / or the bearing can have a larger diameter than in known drilling turbines because no installation space needs to be provided for the drive line next to the mounting journal. This allows the drilling turbine to be designed more robustly. Due to the more mechanically robust construction, reliability can increase.

[0035] In some embodiments of the invention, the drilling turbine can be designed as an impulse turbine. Such an impulse turbine can possess a higher breakaway torque compared to other turbines, which can reduce the risk of the drilling tool jamming.

[0036] In some embodiments of the invention, the turbine impeller, or at least the longitudinal section of the turbine impeller fitted with turbine blades, may not be enclosed in the radial direction by a housing wall. In some embodiments of the invention, the housing is thus open at least in the area where the turbine blades are arranged. This allows the easy discharge of the drive fluid and any contaminants or particles carried along with it, thus reducing the risk of the turbine impeller jamming.

[0037] In some embodiments of the invention, the drilling turbine includes a plurality of return openings which protrude from an end of the casing opposite the turbine impeller or the drilling tool. The plurality of return openings can be between approximately three and approximately ten or between approximately four and approximately eight. The return openings are designed and intended to bring the drilling tool into contact with the bottom of the borehole or, in the case of horizontal drilling, with the borehole itself. 32050 PDE GO 9 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0038] The purpose is to bring the retraction nozzle into contact with the borehole end in order to cause abrasive wear of the rock being drilled. In some embodiments of the invention, the retraction nozzles can be individually controlled in order to correct deviations of the borehole from a straight path or to drill boreholes with a non-straight path.

[0039] In some embodiments, the drilling turbine further includes a distribution chamber located in the first longitudinal section of the casing. The distribution chamber can be designed and configured to distribute a pressurized fluid to the multiple return ports and / or to the multiple drive lines or drive outlets. This ensures that the drive fluid exits from multiple radially spaced drive outlets at the same pressure and / or flow rate.

[0040] In some embodiments of the invention, the drilling turbine can have at least one connection for a supply line, which opens into the distribution chamber. Connecting the drilling turbine to a single supply line allows for simple and reliable operation because neither multiple lines need to be lowered deep into the borehole nor do mechanical drive components, such as pumps, need to be operated in the borehole. The high-pressure pump required for operating the drilling turbine can be operated at the surface, and the drive fluid can be supplied to the drilling turbine via a single supply line, where it is distributed within the drilling turbine via the distribution chamber to the drive lines and, if applicable, also to the return thrust ports.

[0041] In some embodiments of the invention, the receiving pin can have a diameter of approximately 5 mm to approximately 15 mm. 32050 PDE GO - 10 / 23 - 08.12.2025

[0042] In other embodiments of the invention, the mounting journal can have a diameter of approximately 8 mm to approximately 12 mm. Compared to known drive shafts, the larger mounting journal can be mechanically more robust and thus increase the operational reliability of the drilling turbine.

[0043] In some embodiments of the invention, a percussion gear can be located in the housing in front of the bearing and another on the turbine impeller. The percussion gear can be arranged such that the teeth mesh against each other during operation of the drilling turbine, thus generating an axial movement of the drill bit. This movement can further fracture the rock through impact stress, in addition to abrasive wear, and thereby increase drilling progress.

[0044] In some embodiments of the invention, the impact gear can have a sawtooth profile. This allows a large number of short, hard impacts to be applied to the drilling tool. In other embodiments of the invention, the impact gear can have a sinusoidal profile. This can reduce the mechanical stress on the drill turbine during impact drilling.

[0045] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures, without limiting the general concept of the invention. This will show:

[0046] Figure 1 is an isometric view of the drilling turbine from the rear.

[0047] Figure 2 shows an isometric view of the drilling turbine from the front.

[0048] Figure 3 shows a turbine impeller in a first view. 32050 PDE GO 11 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0049] Figure 4 shows the turbine impeller in a second view.

[0050] Figure 5 shows the housing in a first view.

[0051] Figure 6 shows the housing in a second, partially cutaway view.

[0052] Figure 7 shows the assembly of the housing, turbine impeller and bearing in a sectional view.

[0053] Figure 8 shows the warehouse in an isometric view.

[0054] Figure 9 shows the mounting of the bearing on the housing in elevation.

[0055] Figure 10 shows a detailed view of a second embodiment of the drilling turbine with impact drilling function.

[0056] A first embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 1 to 9. Figures 1 and 2 show a drilling turbine 1 with a housing 2 and a turbine runner 3, which is rotatably mounted relative to the housing 2 and which has a plurality of turbine blades 33. The housing 2 has a connection 27 for a supply line at its rear end, opposite the feed direction. A fluid can be supplied to the drilling turbine 1 during operation via the supply line (not shown). In some embodiments of the invention, an incompressible fluid can be used in particular. The fluid can be water or contain water. The fluid can set the turbine runner in rotation and / or cause the feed of the drilling turbine 1 and / or lubricate the bearing 5 of the turbine. 32050 PDE GO 12 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0057] The connection 27 is surrounded in a ring-like pattern by six return openings 241, three of which are visible in Figures 1 and 2. In other embodiments of the invention, the number of return openings can be larger or smaller, for example between four and eight. The return openings 241 are designed and intended to allow a portion of the fluid supplied via the connection 27 to exit in order to move the drilling turbine 1 in the feed direction 6.

[0058] Another portion of the fluid supplied via connection 27, which does not exit through the return ports 241, exits radially outwards through drive ports 231. The drive ports 231 are obscured in Figures 1 and 2 by the turbine blades 33 of the turbine runner 3. These are explained in more detail with reference to Figures 5 and 6. The fluid exiting at least one drive port and striking the turbine blades 33 sets the turbine runner 3 into rotation.

[0059] As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the turbine impeller 3 is connected to a drill bit 4. The drill bit 4 can be pressed, shrunk-fitted, screwed, clamped, glued, welded, or brazed on. Due to the direct, gearless connection between the turbine impeller 3 and the drill bit 4, the drill bit and the turbine impeller rotate at the same speed.

[0060] In the illustrated embodiment, the drilling tool 4 has an end face 41, which in this embodiment can be equipped with a plurality of geometrically undefined cutting edges. The cutting edges can be applied in the form of a hard coating or in the form of a plurality of particles. The particles can be, for example, diamond, a carbide, a nitride, or an oxide. 32050 PDE GO 13 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0061] The particles may be contained in or consist of synthetic resin or a coating applied electroplated or without external current in a manner known per se, and thus be fixed in place. The particles cause abrasive material removal by the rapidly rotating drill bit.

[0062] Part of the fluid supplied via connection 27 can exit through an opening 42 on the end face 41 of the drill bit. This fluid flow can cool the drill bit 4 and / or remove the drill cuttings. An optional groove 45 can be provided in the drill bit 4 for the removal of the drill cuttings and / or the cooling fluid.

[0063] The flushing fluid, the drill cuttings and the drive fluid exiting radially from the housing 2 can be discharged via lateral grooves 28, which are arranged radially spaced on the outside of the rear housing part 21.

[0064] As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the turbine blades 33 are not enclosed radially by a housing wall of the housing 2. The housing 2 is therefore open, at least in the area of ​​the turbine blades 33. This allows the drive fluid to be easily discharged without blocking the turbine impeller 3.

[0065] The turbine impeller 3 is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 3 and 4. The turbine impeller 3 has an essentially toroidal basic shape. The turbine impeller 3 has a first longitudinal section with an outer surface 34 and a stop surface 311 orthogonal to it, against which the drilling tool 4 rests. The outer surface 34 can be conical to enable a stable press fit of the drilling tool 4. The drilling tool can be attached to the 32050 PDE GO 14 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0066] front end face 31 or arranged at a distance from each other.

[0067] In the opposite, rear longitudinal section, a second end face 32 is formed, on which the turbine blades 33 are arranged. The turbine blades 33 can be manufactured integrally with the turbine impeller 3, for example by milling or an additive manufacturing process such as selective laser sintering. The turbine blades 33 can have a concave impingement surface onto which the jet of the drive fluid is directed during operation. The concave shape can increase the efficiency and / or the achievable torque and / or the achievable breakaway torque.

[0068] Furthermore, it can be seen from Figures 3 and 4 that a cavity 35 is formed in the front longitudinal section of the turbine impeller 3. The cavity 35 is bounded by a boundary surface 351. The cavity 35 can be provided with a stop surface 353 towards the rear longitudinal section, which carries the turbine blades 33.

[0069] The cavity 35 serves to accommodate the bearing 5. Unlike in known drilling turbines, the bearing is thus positioned closer to the drilling tool 4, so that the drilling forces exert no or at least a reduced bending moment on the bearing. This can increase the service life until the bearing fails. As can be seen in Figure 7, the outer surface 53 of the bearing 5 rests against the boundary surface 351 of the cavity 35 after final assembly. Axial slippage of the turbine impeller 3 can be prevented by the fact that the rear part of the bearing rests against the stop surface 353. The front end face 51 of the bearing 5 can be secured by means of a snap ring, which can be inserted into the optional groove 352 of the turbine impeller 3. 32050 PDE GO 15 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0070] The housing 2 is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 shows a view from a front oblique angle, i.e., from the feed direction. Figure 6 shows a partially cutaway view from a rear oblique angle.

[0071] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the housing 2 has a first or rear longitudinal section 21. This contains the connection 27 for the fluid line as well as the fluid supply to the return openings 241 and the drive nozzles 231. The second or front longitudinal section 22 contains a mounting pin 25 on which the turbine impeller 3 with the bearing 5 is mounted.

[0072] The mounting pin 25 is rigidly or rotationally fixed to the housing 2. Thus, unlike in the prior art, the mounting pin 25 is not a rotatably mounted drive shaft. The mounting pin 25 has an outer surface 251. The inner surface 52 of the bearing 5 rests against this surface.

[0073] The mounting pin 25 may also have an optional flushing channel 26 through which a portion of the fluid supplied via the connection 27 is directed to the end face 41 of the drill bit 4 to cool the drill bit and / or to remove the drill cuttings. Furthermore, the mounting pin 25 may have an unspecified threaded bore on its end face, which serves to fasten the bearing 5 by means of a screw connection.

[0074] The first longitudinal section 21 of the housing 2 has a nozzle section 233 that is concealed after final assembly. The nozzle section 233 has a diameter that is reduced compared to the outer diameter of the housing 2. After final assembly of the turbine impeller 3, the nozzle section 233 is surrounded radially by the envelope of the turbine blades 33. 32050 PDE GO 16 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0075] The nozzle section 233 has an end face which faces the bearing 5. Furthermore, the nozzle section 233 has a circumferential surface on which the drive outlets 231 are arranged. In the illustrated embodiment, the drive outlets 231 are designed such that they generate a fluid jet which is directed tangentially outwards.

[0076] As can be seen in the sectional view according to Figure 6, the first longitudinal section 21 of the housing 2 has a distribution chamber 29. The fluid is supplied to the distribution chamber 29 from the connection 27. The distribution chamber 29 is arranged essentially concentrically in the housing 2 and has a fluid chamber cover 291 and an opposing fluid chamber bottom. The inlet of the flushing channel 26 and the inlet 232 of the drive lines 23 are located in the fluid chamber cover 291. The drive lines 23 connect the distribution chamber 29 to the drive outlets 231. The distribution chamber 29 ensures that an identical pressure or flow rate is present at all drive outlets 231, so that the turbine impeller is subjected to a constant torque.

[0077] Furthermore, it can be seen that the return openings 241 are connected to the distribution chamber 29 via return lines 24, so that the return openings 241 are also subjected to a constant pressure along the circumferential surface of the housing 2.

[0078] Figure 7 shows another sectional view of the housing 2 with the bearing 5 and turbine impeller 3 mounted. As can be seen in Figure 7, the bearing 5 has a toroidal shape, with the inner surface 52 resting against the outer surface 251 of the mounting journal 25. Furthermore, the outer surface 53 of the bearing 5 rests against the radial boundary surface 351 of the turbine impeller 3. 32050 PDE GO 17 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0079] The bearing 5 is secured to the mounting pin 25 by means of a screw 58 to prevent the bearing from slipping during rotation. The bearing 5 is fastened to the turbine impeller 3 by means of a snap ring 59, which engages in the groove 352 of the turbine impeller 3.

[0080] Figure 7 further shows how the drive lines 23 branch off from the distribution chamber cover 291 at an angle and direct the drive fluid to the drive outlets 231. Finally, Figure 7 shows the inlet openings 242 of the return lines 24 in the distribution chamber base, through which the fluid is directed to the return openings 241.

[0081] Figure 8 further illustrates the bearing 5. The bearing 5 has a substantially toroidal shape with an outer surface 53, an inner surface 52, and an end face 51. During operation of the device, the snap ring 59 rests against the end face 51. The outer surface 53 rests against the inside of the turbine impeller, while the inner surface 52 of the bearing 5 surrounds the mounting journal 25.

[0082] The bearing 5 can be a rolling bearing comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, and rolling elements in between. In this case, an interference fit or a tight sliding fit can be formed between the inner ring and the mounting journal or between the outer ring and the turbine impeller, so that the rotation is mediated essentially via the rolling elements. In other embodiments of the invention, the bearing 5 can be a plain bearing. In this case, the bearing 5 can contain or consist of a bushing made of a solid material, which forms a clearance fit between the mounting journal on the one hand and the turbine impeller on the other, so that rotation remains possible. In this case, the inner surface of the cavity 35 of the turbine impeller 3 and / or the 32050 PDE GO 18 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0083] The outer surface 252 of the mounting pin 25 and / or the outer surface 53 of the bearing 5 and / or the inner surface 52 of the bearing 5 may be provided with a wear-resistant layer and / or a friction-reducing layer. Suitable coatings include, for example, a hard chrome layer, a DLC layer, or a ceramic layer, such as one made of an oxide, a carbide, or a nitride.

[0084] In other embodiments of the invention, the bearing 5 can be surrounded by a fluid, resulting in a hydraulic bearing of the turbine impeller 3. This can further reduce friction and / or wear.

[0085] Figure 9 shows again the housing 2 with the bearing 5 before the turbine impeller 3 is mounted. As can be seen from Figure 9, the bearing 5 is pushed onto the mounting pin 25 and optionally secured there with the screw 58 to prevent the bearing 5 from slipping off the mounting pin 25.

[0086] Subsequently, the turbine impeller 3 can be placed on the outer surface 53 of the bearing 5, with the turbine blades 33 lying in front of the drive nozzles 231.

[0087] This design allows for easy replacement of the turbine impeller 3 in case of wear.

[0088] Figure 10 shows a detailed view of a second embodiment of the drilling turbine with percussion drilling function. Identical components of the invention are identified by the same reference numerals, so the following description is limited to the essential differences.

[0089] As can be seen in Figure 10, a striking gear 7b is located in the housing 2 in front of the end face of the nozzle section 233. Another striking gear 7a is arranged adjacent to the bearing 5. The two striking gears 7 are aligned with each other so that they rotate against each other when the bearing 5 rotates in striking mode, and the teeth mesh at 32050 PDE GO 19 / 23 08. 12.2025

[0090] The operation of the drilling turbine synchronizes. This generates an axial movement of the bearing 5. Since the bearing 5 is connected to the turbine impeller 3 and the drilling tool 4 is connected to the turbine impeller 3, an axial movement of the drilling tool 4 is ultimately generated. This can further fracture the rock through impact stress in addition to abrasive wear, thereby increasing the drilling progress.

[0091] In some embodiments of the invention, the impact gears 7 can have a sawtooth profile. This allows a large number of short and hard impacts to be applied to the drilling tool 4. In other embodiments of the invention, the impact gear 7 can have a sinusoidal profile. This can reduce the mechanical stress on the drilling turbine 1 during impact drilling.

[0092] Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described. The foregoing description is therefore not to be considered limiting, but rather explanatory. The following claims are to be understood as meaning that a named feature is present in at least one embodiment of the invention. This does not preclude the presence of further features. The following claims are not to be understood as meaning that a named feature is present in every embodiment of the invention. Insofar as the claims and the foregoing description define "first" and "second" embodiments, this designation serves to distinguish between two similar embodiments without establishing any hierarchy.

Claims

32050 PDE GO 20 / 23 12 / 08 / 2025 Claims 1. Drilling turbine (1) with a housing (2) and with a turbine impeller (3) which is rotatably mounted relative to the housing (2) and which has a plurality of turbine blades (33), wherein the housing (2) has at least one drive line (23) with at least one drive outlet (231) through which a drive fluid can be directed onto the plurality of turbine blades (33), characterized by the fact that the housing has a receiving tang (25) and the turbine impeller (3) has a cavity (35), wherein the drilling turbine (1) further includes a bearing (5) which is at least partially arranged in the cavity (35) of the turbine runner (3), wherein the receiving tang (25) engages in the bearing (5).

2. Drilling turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving pin (25) is rigidly attached to the housing (2) or that the receiving pin (25) is integrally connected to the housing (2).

3. Drilling turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bearing (5) contains or consists of a rolling bearing and / or a sliding bearing.

4. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bearing (5) has a toroidal basic shape with an inner surface (52) and an outer surface (53), wherein the outer surface (53) at least partially abuts a boundary surface (351) of the cavity (35) of the turbine impeller (3) and the inner surface (52) 32050 PDE GO - 21 / 23 - 08.12.2025 at least partially rests on an outer surface (251) of the receiving pin (25).

5. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the housing (2) and / or the turbine impeller (3) have an outer diameter of about 2.5 cm to about 15 cm or of about 5 cm to about 10 cm and / or that the drilling turbine (1) has a length of about 3 cm to about 15 cm or of about 5 cm to about 10 cm.

6. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the receiving pin (25) contains a flushing channel (26).

7. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the turbine impeller (3) is connected to a receiving device (4) for a drilling tool (4) or that the turbine impeller (3) is connected to a drilling tool (4).

8. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one drive line (23) is arranged behind the bearing (5) in a feed direction (6) and / or that at least one drive line (23) is arranged in a first longitudinal section (21) of the housing (2) and the receiving pin (25) forms a second longitudinal section (22) of the housing (2).

9. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is designed as an impulse turbine and / or 32050 PDE GO - 22 / 23 - 08.12.2025 that the turbine impeller (3) is not enclosed by a housing wall in the radial direction.

10. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a plurality of return openings (241) which exit at an end of the casing (2) opposite the turbine wheel (3).

11. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a distribution chamber (29) which is arranged in the first longitudinal section (21) of the housing (2).

12. Drilling turbine according to claim 11, characterized in that the drilling turbine (1) has at least one connection (27) for a supply line which opens into the distribution chamber (29) and that the at least one drive line (23) is attached in the distribution chamber (29).

13. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the receiving pin (25) has a has a diameter of approximately 5 mm to approximately 15 mm or of approximately 8 mm to approximately 12 mm.

14. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a striking gear (7) is located in the housing (2) in front of the bearing (5) and on the turbine impeller (3).

15. Drilling turbine according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the impact gear (7) has a sawtooth profile or a sinusoidal profile.

Images