Screw

Abstract

The present invention relates to a screw (1) having at least one thread (2), a shaft (3) and a screw head (4). The screw head (4) has at least one conical area (5). The thread (2) is arranged on the shaft (3). The conical area (5) has at least one recess (6). According to the invention, the shaft (3) has at least one shaft projection (7) having at least one end face (7a). Furthermore, the recess (6) opens into the shaft projection (7) at least in some sections.

Description

[0001] P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0002] 1

[0003] SPAX International GmbH & Co. KG, Kölner Straße 71-77, 58256 Ennepetal

[0004] "Screw"

[0005] The invention relates to a screw, in particular a universal screw. The screw has at least one thread, a shank, and a screw head. The thread is arranged on the shank. The screw head has at least one conical surface. The conical surface has at least one recess.

[0006] A wide variety of screws are known from current technology. For example, universal screws are available, which can be used in various materials such as wood, plastic, and metal. They are characterized by a self-tapping thread that allows for a secure connection without pre-drilling. The head shapes vary depending on the application and requirements. Universal screws are often equipped with special drives such as Torx, Phillips, or hex socket to ensure optimal power transmission and prevent tool slippage. Thus, universal screws cover a broad range of applications and, thanks to their diverse head shapes, contribute to efficiency and flexibility in both trade and industry.

[0007] The countersunk head is widely used and allows the screw to be flush with the material, but it can cause the material to split if it is driven too deeply or without pre-drilling into materials like wood. The conical shape of the head creates lateral pressure that can force the material apart, leading to cracks or splitting. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0008] 2

[0009] Based on the prior art, the invention therefore aims to provide a screw in which the application flexibility is increased and the cracking in soft materials is reduced.

[0010] The problem is solved in a screw of this type by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1, namely in that the shank has at least one shank projection with at least one end face, and that the conical surface opens into the shank projection.

[0011] The screw is preferably a universal screw. A universal screw is intended, for example, for fastening in materials such as wood, fiber composites, plastics, and the like, or in metal and / or for fastening metal fittings. It is specifically stipulated that the screw be made of a steel commonly used for screws. The screw is particularly preferably designed as a countersunk head screw.

[0012] The screw extends axially with the screw head at one end and a tip at a second, opposite end. The thread extends at least over a portion of the axial length of the shank or completely along the shank. In particular, the thread is formed in the region of the tip. Furthermore, the screw has a radial extension and a circumferential extension. The axial and radial directions are orthogonal to each other. The circumferential direction lies in a common plane with the radial direction, to which the axial direction is a plane normal.

[0013] The screw head features a force-applying surface, for example, an internal Torx drive or T-STAR® plus. The screw head has a conical surface facing the shank. The screw head, and in particular the conical surface, is preferably rotationally symmetrical, for example, with a rotation angle of 180°. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0014] 3

[0015] The shaft projection has a larger diameter than the shaft, particularly over its entire circumferential extent. The shaft projection is arranged directly adjacent to the conical surface; in particular, the conical surface transitions into the shaft projection. The shaft projection has at least one end face that extends from a circumferential surface or envelope of the shaft projection towards the shaft. The circumferential surface or envelope of the shaft projection is preferably oriented parallel to the axial direction. The end face is preferably oriented substantially orthogonal to the axial direction.

[0016] It has proven particularly advantageous to have a sharp-edged transition between the outer surface and the end face of the shank projection. This creates a punching effect in the material, e.g., wood, when the screw is driven in. The axial force generated by the end face reduces splitting in the material into which the screw is driven. The shank projection generates a force parallel to the axial direction, which reduces the wedging effect of the screw, especially the conical surface.

[0017] In particular, it is provided that a projection oriented towards the tip of the screw is formed between the cylindrical surface and the end face on at least part of the circumference. For example, a cylindrical surface of the projection transitions into the cylindrical surface of the shank projection. The projection forms, in particular, a ridge oriented towards the tip, which advantageously increases the punching effect of the shank projection.

[0018] A first embodiment of the screw provides, in particular, that the conical surface has at least one recess. Preferably, the recess opens at least partially into the shank projection.

[0019] The recess has, in particular, a circumferential extent that is constant in the axial direction. Preferably, the circumferential extent is P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0020] 4. The recess has an angular extent, meaning it extends over a range of angles. The radial extent of the recess preferably decreases in the axial direction, starting from the screw head. For example, the radial extent of the recess decreases continuously in the axial direction. Preferably, the radial extent of the recess at the shank projection is equal to the radial extent of the shank projection, in particular a terminal section of the shank projection. The recess opens into the shank projection at the terminal section. The terminal section is preferably designed such that the recess transitions seamlessly into the shank projection at the terminal section.

[0021] The recess preferably extends from an outer circumference of the screw head towards the shank projection. For example, the screw head has a circumferential rim with a constant radial extent. Preferably, the circumferential rim transitions into the conical surface, with the recess beginning adjacent to, and in particular spaced apart from, the transition to the conical surface. Preferably, the recess has a chamfer at its initial section. An imaginary envelope of the conical surface has, in particular, a frustoconical shape. Preferably, the conical surface has an envelope angle of approximately 90°. The recess transitions, in particular, into the conical surface with sharp edges, advantageously to create a cutting or milling effect in a soft material.

[0022] In a further development of the invention, the conical surface is provided to have a plurality of recesses. Preferably, the recesses are arranged uniformly around the circumference of the conical surface. The conical surface preferably has at least or exactly two, at least or exactly three, at least or exactly four, or at least or exactly six recesses. Preferably, each of the plurality of recesses is of the same design. However, it is also provided that the recesses are of different designs. In particular, it is provided that the circumferential extent of each of the recesses is the same. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0023] 5

[0024] In particular, at least one or exactly one conical surface section is arranged between two adjacent recesses. Preferably, the conical surface sections and the recesses have the same circumferential extent. Preferably, the circumferential extent of a recess and / or a conical surface section is between 10° and 45°, in particular between 20° and 45°. The circumferential extent can be represented, in particular, as 180° divided by the number of recesses. Preferably, each of the recesses has a circumferential extent of approximately 45°.

[0025] The recesses create a milling effect, whereby the removed material can be received in the recesses, so that no additional force is required for material compression. The recess(s) is / are preferably aligned substantially parallel to a longitudinal extent of the screw.

[0026] In particular, to reduce the splintering effect of the screw head when fully screwed into wood, a further embodiment provides that the conical surface has at least one circumferential recess. The recess extends over the entire circumference of the conical surface. The recess has a profile that, in cross-section, consists of two straight sections connected by a radius. Specifically, a first section is inclined circumferentially at an angle of between 15° and 25° to the central axis M, and / or a second section is inclined circumferentially at approximately 75° to 85° to the central axis M. Preferably, the recess extends axially along the central axis only over a portion of the conical surface. For example, the recess differs from the recess(s) in its orientation relative to the central axis. Preferably, the extent of the recess and the recess(s) isthe recess must align in the radial direction. For example, it is intended that the recess and the recess(s) intersect. In particular P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025.

[0027] 6. The at least one recess transitions into the recess. The recess preferably has a sectionally curved or arc-shaped cross-section.

[0028] It has proven advantageous to design the recess in an end region of the conical surface facing away from the shank projection, so that the screw head has a collar on its underside. For example, the recess is located at the transition from the screw's top surface to the conical surface. This creates a continuous collar directly below the screw's top surface, which can, for example, split the material into which the screw is inserted. This allows the screw head to be fully driven into wood, in particular, without splintering.

[0029] Alternatively, the circumferential recess is provided to be formed adjacent to the shank projection. Preferably, the conical surface merges seamlessly with the recess around its entire circumference into the shank projection. If, in addition to the recess, a plurality of recesses are also provided, a further end face, oriented in the direction of the thread, is formed between each pair of recesses adjacent to the recess. Due to the presence of the recess, the recesses extend axially, for example, only adjacent to a transition to the screw top.

[0030] In an advantageous embodiment of the screw, the shank projection is arranged between the conical surface and the thread. In particular, the shank projection is designed without threads. Preferably, the screw is designed such that a threadless shank section is arranged between the shank projection and the thread. For example, the thread root of the thread has a radial extent equal to the radial extent of the shank. Alternatively, the thread root has a smaller radial extent than the shank. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0031] 7

[0032] Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, according to a further embodiment, the end face is provided that it forms an angle of at most 95° with at least one section of the shaft projection. In particular, it is provided that the angle is between 70° and 90°, preferably approximately 90°. If the end face and the section of the shaft projection form an angle of at most 95°, the punching effect of the shaft projection into the material into which the screw is driven is increased. This punching effect can be improved at angles between 70° and 90°, or at an angle of 90°. In particular, it is provided that the end face forms an angle of at most 95° with the surface of the shaft projection across its entire circumference.

[0033] In a further development of the invention, the shaft projection is provided that it at least partially, and preferably completely, radially surrounds the shaft. Alternatively or additionally, the shaft projection is provided that it is rotationally symmetrical about a shaft central axis. In particular, the shaft central axis extends in the axial direction. Preferably, the shaft projection is provided that it is at least partially, and in particular completely, cylindrical.

[0034] In particular, to improve the interaction of the screw with metal fittings, a further embodiment provides that the shank projection has a maximum projection diameter, and that this maximum projection diameter is smaller than or, in particular, substantially equal to the nominal diameter of the thread. If the maximum projection diameter is smaller than or substantially equal to the nominal diameter of the thread, then, for example, not only the shank and the thread penetrate a bore in a metal fitting, but also the shank projection.

[0035] If the maximum projection diameter is essentially equal to the nominal thread diameter, it is ensured that a suitable screw is selected. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the shank P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0036] 8 has a shaft diameter, and that the maximum projection diameter is at least 1.2 times, in particular at least 1.25 times, preferably at least 1.3 times, the shaft diameter. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the maximum projection diameter is at most 1.75 times, in particular 1.6 times, preferably at most 1.5 times, the shaft diameter. If the maximum

[0037] The projection diameter of the shaft projection is between 1.2 times and 1.75 times the shaft diameter, thus ensuring maximum compatibility when used with standard metal fittings.

[0038] The maximum projection diameter preferably corresponds to the diameter of the shaft projection at its thickest point. In particular, the shaft projection is designed to be rotationally symmetrical about the shaft's central axis. The projection diameter is the sum of the shaft diameter and the radial extent of the shaft projection on each side.

[0039] One embodiment provides that the screw has at least one friction shank. A section of the shank is therefore designed as a friction shank.

[0040] In particular, the maximum projection diameter is larger than the diameter of the friction shaft.

[0041] The splitting effect of the screw is advantageously further reduced if, according to one embodiment, the shank projection has at least one raised section, in particular a cylindrical segment, and at least one recessed section, in particular a cylindrical segment. It is advantageous that at least the raised section, in particular both the raised and the recessed section, project radially from the shank. Preferably, the radial extent of the raised section is constant in the circumferential and / or axial direction. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferably provided that the radial extent of the recessed section is constant in the circumferential and / or axial direction.

[0042] 9 is constant in the axial direction. The radial extent is measured radially from the outermost radial extent of the shaft.

[0043] In particular, the raised section has axially extending side edges in the circumferential direction. For example, it is provided that the side edges extend radially in the direction of the central axis of the screw.

[0044] According to a further embodiment of the screw, the raised section has a circumferential extent, and this circumferential extent is constant in the axial direction. Alternatively or additionally, the recessed section has a circumferential extent, and this circumferential extent is constant in the axial direction. Similar to the above description regarding the recess, it is particularly important that the circumferential extent is an angular extent, i.e., a segment of a circumferential angle. For example, it is possible that the recessed section and / or the raised section extends over an angle of 45°.Alternatively, it is particularly provided that the recessed section extends in the axial direction beyond the raised section, preferably that the recessed section has a greater axial extension over the entire circumference of the shaft projection than the raised section.

[0045] It is specifically provided that the recess opens into a recessed section of the shank projection or that the recess opens into a raised section of the shank projection. To facilitate the manufacture of the screw, it is specifically provided that the circumferential extent and / or the radial extent of the recess and the circumferential extent and / or the radial extent of the section into which the recess opens, i.e., the recessed section or the raised section, are equal. The recess and the recessed section / raised section into which the recess opens, in particular, form an obtuse angle, preferably an angle P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0046] 10 between 120° and 160°, preferably between 130° and 140°, further preferably of substantially 135°.

[0047] The shaft projection, for example, has a plurality of raised sections and a plurality of recessed sections. Preferably, each of the plurality of raised sections lies on a common raised envelope and / or each of the plurality of recessed sections lies on a common recessed envelope. Preferably, there are at least or exactly two, at least or exactly three, at least or exactly four, or at least or exactly six recessed sections and / or raised sections. Preferably, the screw has an equal number of raised sections and recessed sections.

[0048] For example, the screw is designed such that each recess of a plurality of recesses leads into a recessed section or a raised section. In particular, each of the raised sections is identical in design and / or each of the recessed sections is identical in design.

[0049] According to a further embodiment of the screw, the raised sections and the majority of recessed sections are arranged alternately around the circumference of the shank projection. Thus, one recessed section is adjacent to two raised sections. Preferably, the raised sections and the recessed sections are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference of the shank projection. Preferably, the circumferential extent is the same for each of the raised sections and / or each of the recessed sections. The circumferential extent is advantageously designed as a circumferential angle. For example, the circumferential extent of a raised section or a recessed section is calculated by dividing 360° by the sum of the number of raised sections and the number of recessed sections.Preferably, the circumferential extent of a raised section is at least 45° and the circumferential extent of a recessed section is at least 45°. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025.

[0050] 11

[0051] In a further development of the screw, it is provided that the shank projection on the end face facing the thread has at least one axial projection and / or at least one axial recess. In particular, it is provided that the axial projection and / or the axial recess is / is located adjacent to a transition area between the shank projection and the thread.

[0052] Furthermore, it is specifically provided that the circumferential extent of the axial projection is constant in the axial direction. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the circumferential extent of the axial recess is constant in the axial direction. The circumferential extent of the axial projection and / or the circumferential extent of the axial recess are / are, for example, configured as angular extensions. Furthermore or alternatively, it is specifically provided that the radial extent of the axial projection, for example, in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction, is constant, and / or that the radial extent of the axial recess, for example, in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction, is constant. For example, it is provided that the axial projection has a greater radial extent than the axial recess.Alternatively, it is provided that the axial projection has a smaller radial extent than the axial retraction.

[0053] In particular, it is provided that the axial projection is arranged in axial extension to the recess. Alternatively, it is provided that the axial recess is arranged in axial extension to the recess. Preferably, it is provided that the axial projection is aligned with the recess, or that the axial recess is aligned with the recess. It is particularly provided that, in the case of an alignment of the recess with the axial projection or the axial recess, a central axis of the recess is an extension of a central axis of the axial projection or a central axis of the axial recess. It is preferably provided that the recess is the same P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0054] 12

[0055] Circumferential extent such as the axial projection in axial extension of the recess or such as the axial rebate in axial extension of the recess.

[0056] According to a further embodiment of the screw, it is proposed that the shank projection has a plurality of axial projections and a plurality of axial recesses. In particular, it is provided that at least or exactly two, at least or exactly three, at least or exactly four, or at least or exactly six projections and / or recesses are provided. Preferably, it is provided that the screw has an equal number of axial projections and axial recesses. In particular, it is provided that all projections are identical. Alternatively or additionally, it is particularly provided that all axial recesses are identical.

[0057] It has proven advantageous if the axial extent of each of the plurality of axial projections is either the same or different. The axial extent is the amount by which an axial projection extends axially from the shaft projection. Alternatively or additionally, it is particularly possible for the axial extent of all axial recesses to be either the same or different.

[0058] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the end face is at least partially, and in particular completely, stepped. To achieve a fully stepped profile of the end face, axial projections or recesses with different axial extents are arranged adjacent to one another. The shape of the end face can also be described as stair-like. Preferably, the difference in axial extent—the respective step height—is the same or different. Preferably, the axial projections or recesses are arranged side by side such that at least one step with maximum extent is formed. This is particularly the step adjacent to P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0059] 13 to the axial retraction with the greatest amount of axial extension or adjacent to the axial projection greatest amount of axial extension.

[0060] Alternatively, it is provided that at least or exactly two steps with maximum extension are formed. In particular, it is provided that two stepped or stair-like circumferential sections are formed on the circumference. Both circumferential sections have, for example, the same number of axial projections or axial recesses, each extending over half the circumference. The two steps are then formed at the axial recesses with the greatest axial extension, or adjacent to the axial projections with the greatest axial extension. Preferably, each circumferential section has at least or exactly two, at least or exactly three, or at least or exactly four axial projections or recesses.

[0061] For example, it is provided that the majority of axial projections and the majority of axial recesses are arranged alternately around the circumference of the shaft projection, preferably evenly distributed around the circumference of the shaft projection. In particular, the circumferential extent of an axial projection and / or the circumferential extent of an axial recess is / are constant in the axial direction. It is particularly preferred if the circumferential extent is calculated by dividing 360° by the sum of all axial projections and all axial recesses. Preferably, the circumferential extent of the axial projections and / or the circumferential extent of the axial recesses is 45°.

[0062] If the screw has at least one raised section, at least one recessed section, at least one axial projection, and at least one axial recess, it is advantageous if the axial projection is located on the raised section and the axial recess on the recessed section. Furthermore, it is provided that the radial extent of the axial projection and the radial extent of the raised section are equal, and P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0063] 14 that the radial extent of the axial recess and the radial extent of the recessed section are equal. In particular, it is advantageous if the circumferential extent of the axial projection and the circumferential extent of the raised section are substantially equal and preferably positioned in the same way. It is also advantageous if the circumferential extent of the axial recess and the circumferential extent of the recessed section are substantially equal and preferably positioned in the same way.

[0064] Alternatively, the axial recess is arranged on the raised section and the axial projection on the recessed section. Preferably, the radial extent of the axial recess and the radial extent of the raised section are equal, and even more preferably, the radial extent of the axial projection and the radial extent of the recessed section are equal. In particular, it is advantageous if the circumferential extent of the axial recess and the circumferential extent of the raised section are substantially equal and preferably positioned identically. It is also advantageous if the circumferential extent of the axial projection and the circumferential extent of the recessed section are substantially equal and preferably positioned identically.

[0065] A particularly preferred embodiment features exactly two axial projections and / or two axial recesses arranged opposite each other on the shaft projection. Preferably, the radial extent of the shaft projection is constant. In particular, two axial recesses have the same angular extent. Two axial recesses are especially preferably combined with a plurality of recesses and a recess.

[0066] In a further development of the screw, it is provided that the recess leads into a raised section, with in particular a circumferential extension of the P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0067] The raised section and the circumferential extent of the recess are essentially the same size and preferably positioned identically. The axial projection is aligned with the recess in its axial extension. Alternatively, it is particularly provided that the circumferential extent of the recessed section and the circumferential extent of the recess are the same, and in particular positioned identically, and that the axial recess is aligned with the recess in its axial extension. Furthermore, it is for example provided that the circumferential extent of the raised section and the circumferential extent of the axial projection are essentially the same size and in particular positioned identically. Alternatively or additionally, it is particularly provided that the circumferential extent of the axial recess and the circumferential extent of the recessed section are essentially the same size and in particular positioned identically.

[0068] A further embodiment has proven particularly advantageous if the end face of the shaft projection facing the thread has a helical shape. The end face is preferably thread-like and has, for example, at least or exactly one circumferential thread. Preferably, the end face is designed to extend exactly once around the circumference, so that exactly one step, particularly one with maximum extension, is formed between the beginning and end. This step with maximum extension essentially defines the pitch of the end face. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the end face has at least or exactly two helical sections, each extending around half the circumference. These two sections form at least or exactly two steps with maximum extension on the surface.Preferably, the sections form two half threads. The end face is preferably continuously inclined. Alternatively, the helical end face is provided to have a wavy profile. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025.

[0069] 16

[0070] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures and the dependent subclaims.

[0071] They show:

[0072] Fig. 1a a perspective view of a screw,

[0073] Fig. 1b is a sectional view of the screw from Fig. 1a along the

[0074] central axis

[0075] Fig. 1c shows a detailed view of the screw from Fig. 1b.

[0076] Fig. 2 a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0077] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0078] Fig. 3a a perspective view of a head-side section of a

[0079] screw according to further embodiment,

[0080] Fig. 3b a perspective view of a head-side section of a

[0081] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0082] Fig. 4a a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0083] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0084] Fig. 4b a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0085] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0086] Fig. 5a a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0087] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0088] Fig. 5b a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0089] Screw according to a further embodiment, P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0090] 17

[0091] Fig. 6a a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0092] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0093] Fig. 6b a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0094] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0095] Fig. 7a a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0096] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0097] Fig. 7b a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0098] screw according to a further embodiment

[0099] Fig. 8a a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0100] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0101] Fig. 8b shows a side view of a head-side section of a screw according to Fig. 8a,

[0102] Fig. 8c a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0103] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0104] Fig. 9a a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0105] screw according to a further embodiment,

[0106] Fig. 9b shows a side view of a head-side section of a screw according to Fig. 9a,

[0107] Fig. 10a a perspective view of a head-end section of a

[0108] Screw according to a further embodiment, P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0109] 18

[0110] Fig. 10b shows a side view of a head-side section of a screw according to Fig. 10a.

[0111] In the various figures of the drawing, identical parts are always labelled with the same reference symbols.

[0112] The following description claims that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and not to all or several features of the described combinations of features; rather, each individual partial feature of the exemplary embodiment(s) is also significant for the subject matter of the invention, independent of all other partial features described in connection therewith, both on its own and in combination with any features of another exemplary embodiment.

[0113] In the figures shown, the axial direction A, the radial direction R, and the circumferential direction U are bidirectional, with only one direction indicated by an arrow for clarity. Furthermore, the axial direction A extends orthogonally to the radial direction R. Circumferential extensions are preferably angular extensions originating from the central axis M. The central axis M is parallel to the axial direction A.

[0114] Fig. 1a shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a screw 1 according to the invention. A sectional view of the screw 1 from Fig. 1a along a sectioning axis corresponding to the central axis M is shown in Fig. 1b. The screw 1 has a thread 2, a shank 3, and a screw head 4. The thread 2 is arranged on the shank 3. The screw head 4 has at least one conical surface 5. The screw 1 is designed as a countersunk screw. A force-applied area 14 with an internal profile is formed in the screw head 4.

[0115] The conical surface 5, which is formed on the underside of the screw head 4, has a plurality of recesses 6, of which only one is shown in Fig. 1a. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0116] 19

[0117] Recess 6 is visible. The recesses 6 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cone surface 5. The shaft 3 has a shaft projection 7 located below the cone surface 5. The shaft projection 7 has an end face 7a, which in this embodiment is oriented substantially orthogonally to the central axis M. The recess 6 opens into the shaft projection 7 with a terminal section 6a. At a transition from a screw head end face 4b to the cone surface 5, the screw 1 has a rim 4c. The rim 4c extends over the entire circumference of the screw head 4.

[0118] The conical surface 5 has an imaginary envelope 5a (see Fig. 1b). The envelope 5a describes the outer shape of the conical surface 5 without recesses 6. The envelope 5a has an angle α, which in this case is 90°. The conical surface 5 terminates in the shaft projection 7. The shaft projection 7 is thus located between the conical surface 5 and the thread 2 on the shaft 3. The thread 2 is spaced apart from the shaft projection 7. The shaft projection 7 and the shaft 3 up to the thread 2 are unthreaded.

[0119] The end face 7a faces away from the cone surface 5. The shaft projection 7 has a cylindrical surface 7b that forms the circumference of the shaft projection 7. The shaft projection 7 completely surrounds the shaft 3 in the circumferential direction U. The shaft projection 7 is rotationally symmetrical about the central axis M of the screw 1. The cylindrical surface 7b forms an angle β with the end face 7a, as shown in Fig. 1c. In the present embodiment, the angle β is 90°. This ensures that the transition between the cylindrical surface 7b and the end face 7a is sufficiently sharp-edged to achieve the desired punching effect in a soft material. Due to the manufacturing process, the transition between the end face 7a and the shaft 3 has a radius.

[0120] The shaft projection 7 has a maximum projection diameter 7c (see Fig. 1c), which in the embodiment according to Fig. 1a to 1c in the axial direction P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0121] 20

[0122] A is constant. The maximum projection diameter 7c corresponds here to a nominal diameter N of the thread 2 (see Fig. 1b). The maximum projection diameter 7c is at least 1.2 times the size of a shank diameter 3a. The shank diameter 3a is larger in this case than the thread root of the thread 2.

[0123] Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a screw 1 according to a further embodiment. The conical surface 5 has a plurality of recesses 6. The recesses 6 are arranged uniformly around the circumference of the conical surface 5. The recesses 6 are identical, so that their respective circumferential extent 6b is the same. The recesses 6 open flush into a terminal section 6a in the shaft projection 7. A conical surface section 5b extends between each pair of adjacent recesses 6. Each of the conical surface sections 5b has an angular extent, with each angular extent of each conical surface section 5b being the same. The circumferential extent of the conical surface sections 5b is equal to the circumferential extent 6b of the recesses 6, namely 45°.

[0124] Figures 3a and 3b show further embodiments of a screw 1, in which the shank projection 7 has several raised sections 8 and several recessed sections 9. Each raised section 8 and each recessed section 9 has a cylindrical outer contour. The raised sections 8 and the recessed sections 9 are arranged alternately along the circumference of the shank projection 7. All raised sections 8 and all recessed sections 9 are identical in design.

[0125] The raised section 8 has a radial extent that is greater than the radial extent of the recessed section 9. The radial extent of the raised section 8 is constant in the axial direction A along the central axis M. In the circumferential direction U, each of the raised sections 8 has axially extending flanks 8a. The radial extent of the recessed sections 9 is constant in both the axial direction A and the circumferential direction U. The circumferential extent of the P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0126] The 21 raised sections 8 and the circumferential extent of the recessed sections 9 are constant in the axial direction A. Each of the raised sections 8 and the recessed sections 9 has a circumferential extent of 45°.

[0127] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3a, the recesses 6 open into a raised section 8 of the shaft projection 7. In the opening section 6a, the radial extent of the raised section 8 is exactly the same as the radial extent of the recess 6. The conical surface 5 transitions into the recessed sections 9.

[0128] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3b, the recesses 6 in an opening section 6a open into a recessed section 9 of the shaft projection 7. Each of the recesses 6 has a circumferential extent 6b with respect to an angle equal to the circumferential extent of the recessed section 9. Furthermore, the recesses 6 in the opening section 6a have a radial extent equal to the radial extent of the recessed section 9.

[0129] Each of the raised sections 8 lies on an imaginary, common raised envelope 10 (shown as a dotted line in Fig. 3a). Each of the recessed sections 9 lies on an imaginary, common recessed envelope 11 (shown as a dotted line in Fig. 3b). The recessed sections 9 and the raised sections 8 terminate axially in a plane end face 7a.

[0130] Figures 4a and 4b show further embodiments of a screw 1, in which the shank projection 7 has several axial projections 12 and several axial recesses 13 on the end face 7a. The axial projections 12 and the axial recesses 13 are arranged alternately around the circumference of the shank projection 7. The cylindrical surface 7c of the shank projection 7 is essentially cylindrical. The axial projections 12 and the axial recesses 13 point axially towards the thread 2. Each of the axial projections 12 and recesses 13 is identical. The axial projections 12 and the P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0131] The 22 axial recesses 13 form an angle of 90° with the lateral surface 7c of the shaft projection 7. The circumferential extent of the axial projections 12 and the circumferential extent of the axial recesses 13 are constant in the axial direction A with respect to a circumferential angle.

[0132] The radial extent of the axial projections 12 and the radial extent of the axial recesses 13 are constant in the circumferential direction U and in the axial direction A. The circumferential extent of the axial projections 12 and the circumferential extent of the axial recesses 13 are each angular extents. The angular range over which each axial projection 12 or axial recess 13 extends is the same. The circumferential extent of the axial projections 12 and the circumferential extent of the axial recesses 13 is each 45°.

[0133] Fig. 4a shows an embodiment of the screw 1 in which the axial projections 12 are arranged in axial extension, here aligned, with the recesses 6. The circumferential extent 6b of the recess 6 in the opening sections 6a and the circumferential extent of the axial projections 12 are angular extents of equal magnitude.

[0134] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4b, the axial recesses 13 are arranged in axial extension, here aligned, with the recesses 6. The circumferential extent of the axial recess 13 with respect to the angle is equal to the circumferential extent 6b of the recess 6 in the opening sections 6a.

[0135] According to Figs. 4a and 4b, the number of axial projections 12 is equal to the number of axial recesses 13, here four in each case. The axial extent 12d of each of the axial projections 12 is the same. In other words, each of the axial projections 12 protrudes from the shaft projection 7 by the extent A in the axial direction. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0136] 23

[0137] According to further embodiments, shown in Figures 5a and 5b, an axial projection 12 is arranged on a raised section 8. The radial extent of the axial projection 12 and the radial extent of the raised section 8 are equal. An axial recess 13 is arranged on a recessed section 9. The radial extent of the axial recess 13 and the radial extent of the recessed section 9 are equal. The raised section 8 projects axially A from the shaft projection 7. The end face 7a of the shaft projection 7 advantageously comprises the individual segments. The recessed section 9 and the recess 13 have equal axial extents. The recessed section 9 is smaller than the raised section 8 in both the axial direction A and the radial direction R.

[0138] Fig. 5a shows an embodiment in which the recesses 6 open into the recessed section 9 and the axial projections 13 are arranged in axial extension to the recesses 6. An imaginary central axis of the recess 6 and an imaginary central axis of the projection 13 are aligned in extension to each other.

[0139] Fig. 5b shows an embodiment in which the recesses 6 open into the raised sections 8 and the axial projections 12 are arranged in axial extension to the recesses 6. An imaginary central axis of the recesses 6 and an imaginary central axis of the projections 12 are aligned in extension to each other.

[0140] Similar to the embodiment of Fig. 5a, Fig. 6a shows an embodiment of a screw 1 in which the recesses 6 each open into a recessed section 9 of the shank projection 7. The conical surface 5 opens into raised sections 8. The raised sections 8 each have an axial recess 13, which, however, extends only over a portion of the radial extent of the raised section 8. The axial recess 13 has the same radial extent as the recessed sections 9 of the shank projection 7. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0141] 24

[0142] Fig. 6b shows another embodiment of a screw 1, in which the recesses 6 open into raised sections 8. As in Fig. 6a, the raised sections 8 each have an axial recess 13 with a radial extension corresponding to the radial extension of the recessed sections 9. The conical surface 5 opens into the recessed sections 9.

[0143] Fig. 7a shows a perspective view of a screw 1 according to a further embodiment. This embodiment corresponds to the embodiments of Figs. 1a, 1b, 1c, and 2, so reference is made to the corresponding descriptions. The only difference is that the embodiment of Fig. 7a does not have recesses 6 in the conical surface 5. The conical surface 5 is circumferential and terminates in the shank projection 7. The shank projection 7 is cylindrical with a constant radial circumference.

[0144] Fig. 7b shows a perspective view of a screw 1 according to a further embodiment. This embodiment corresponds to the embodiment shown in Fig. 3a, so reference is made to the description therein. The only difference is that the embodiment of Fig. 7b does not have recesses 6 in the conical surface 5. The shaft projection 7 has several raised sections 8 and several recessed sections 9. Each raised section 8 and each recessed section 9 has a cylindrical outer contour. The raised sections 8 and the recessed sections 9 are arranged alternately along the circumference of the shaft projection 7. All raised sections 8 and all recessed sections 9 are identical.

[0145] The raised section 8 has a radial extent that is greater than the radial extent of the recessed section 9. The radial extent of the raised section 8 is constant in the axial direction A along the central axis M. In the circumferential direction U, each of the raised sections 8 has axially extending flanks 8a. The radial extent of the recessed sections 9 is constant in both the axial direction A and the circumferential direction U. The circumferential extent of the P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0146] The 25 raised sections 8 and the circumferential extent of the recessed sections 9 are constant in axial direction A. Each of the raised sections 8 and the recessed sections 9 has a circumferential extent of 45°.

[0147] Furthermore, according to the invention, the embodiments shown in Figures 4b, 5b, and 6b also feature a conical surface 5 without recesses 6. The opening of the conical surface 5 is then apparent to those skilled in the art by simply omitting the recess in the aforementioned figures, so that reference is made in this respect to the disclosure of the aforementioned figures, in particular also in conjunction with the respective further variant in Figures 4a, 5a, and 6a.

[0148] Figures 8a and 8b show a further embodiment of a head-end section of a screw 1, Figure 8a in perspective view, Figure 8b in side view. In this embodiment, the end face 7a of the shank projection 7, which faces the thread (not shown), has a helical shape. The end face 7a is thread-like and has two circumferential sections, each forming half a circumferential thread. The end face 7a is thus designed such that it extends exactly once around half the circumference of the shank 3 in two circumferential sections. At each of the two ends or beginnings of the circumferential sections, a step 17 is formed, in particular with maximum extension – see also Figure 8c for an example. The steps 17 are arranged opposite each other on the circumference. The steps 17 extend over part of the axial extent of the shaft projection 7, here over more than 95%.The front surface 7a is continuously inclined.

[0149] In this embodiment, the conical surface 5 has a plurality of recesses 6 evenly distributed around the circumference of the screw head 4, extending substantially parallel to the central axis M. Adjacent to the shank projection 7, a recess 15 extending the entire circumference is also formed, intersecting the recesses 6, so that these extend in the axial direction A only over a portion of the conical surface 5. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0150] 26

[0151] The recesses 6 are further designed such that a local collar 18 forms adjacent to a transition from a screw head end face 4b or from an edge 4c. The deviation from the conical surface 5 formed by the recess 6 and the recess 15 is illustrated by the dashed line in Fig. 8. In this embodiment, the recess 15 forms the transition to the shaft projection 7.

[0152] Fig. 8c shows a further embodiment of a head-side section of a screw 1 in a perspective view. In this embodiment, the end face 7a of the shank projection 7, which faces the thread (not shown), also has a helical shape and is designed as described for the embodiment shown in Figs. 8a and 8b. Each helical circumferential section extends approximately half the circumference of the shank 3.

[0153] This embodiment shown in Fig. 8c differs from the embodiment shown in Figs. 8a and 8b in the design of the conical surface 5. In this embodiment, the conical surface 5 has a plurality of recesses 6 evenly distributed around the circumference of the screw head 4, which extend essentially parallel to the central axis M. The recesses each extend from a circumferential collar 16 formed by a recess 15 to the shank projection 7. The recess 15 is formed in an end region of the conical surface 5 facing away from the shank projection 7, so that the screw head 4 has a circumferential collar on its underside, particularly starting from the edge 4c. The recess 15 can also be seen by way of example in Fig. 9b. The design of the conical surface 5 in Fig. 8c essentially corresponds to the conical surface 5 of the embodiment shown in Figs. 9a and 9b.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8c, the recess has two different angles of inclination to the central axis M. Preferably, a section 6c adjacent to the shaft projection 7 has an inclination of approximately 37.5° and a second section 6d has an inclination of approximately 25° to the central axis M. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025.

[0154] 27

[0155] Figures 9a and 9b show a further embodiment of a head-side section of a screw 1, Figure 9a in perspective view, Figure 9b in side view. In this embodiment, exactly two axial recesses 12 are arranged opposite each other on the circumference of the shank projection 7. The shank projection 7 is otherwise designed as in the embodiment of Figure 1c, to whose description reference is made here. In particular, the radial extent of the shank projection 7 is essentially constant. The two axial recesses 12 have a matching angular extent and form sharp edges in their lateral regions.

[0156] In this embodiment, the conical surface 5 has a plurality of recesses 6 evenly distributed around the circumference of the screw head 4, extending substantially parallel to the central axis M. Each recess extends from a circumferential collar 16 formed by a recess 15 to the shank projection 7. The recess 15 is formed in an end region of the conical surface 5 facing away from the shank projection 7, so that the screw head 4 has a circumferential collar on its underside, particularly starting from the edge 4c. The recess 15 has a profile that, in section, consists of two straight segments connected by a radius. In particular, a first segment is inclined circumferentially at approximately 20° to the central axis M, and a second segment is inclined circumferentially at approximately 80° to the central axis M. The profile of the recess 15 is illustrated by the dashed line in Fig. 9b.The return step 15 intersects with the cutouts 6.

[0157] Figures 10a and 10b show a further embodiment of a head-side section of a screw 1, Figure 10a in perspective view, Figure 10b in side view. The conical surface 5 with the recesses 6 and the recess 15 is identical to that shown in Figures 9a and 9b, so reference is made to that description. P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0158] 28

[0159] In this embodiment, the end face 7a is completely stepped or stair-shaped. In this embodiment, the end face 7a has two stepped circumferential sections. To achieve a circumferentially stepped profile of the end face 7a, axial recesses 13 with different axial extents are arranged adjacent to one another, starting from the maximum axial extent of the end face 7a – here at the reference numerals. The difference in axial extent – ​​the respective step height – is the same for all steps. The axial recesses 13 are arranged next to each other around the circumference such that two steps 17 with maximum extent are formed opposite each other on the circumference. These are the steps 17 that are formed adjacent to the axial recesses 13, 13c with the greatest axial extent.

[0160] Starting from the maximum axial extent of the end face 7a, a first axial recess 13, 13a is formed in each of the two circumferential sections, causing the end face 7a to be recessed by a first amount. Following this circumferentially, a second axial recess 13, 13b is formed, causing the end face to be recessed by twice this amount. This system continues over half the circumference up to the axial recess 13, 13c with maximum axial extent. At this recess 13, 13c, the step 17 is then formed with maximum extent to the end face 7a. In this embodiment, the stepped end face 7a is formed with three axial recesses 13 in each circumferential section. The shape of the end face 7a can also be described as stepped or stair-like in the two circumferential sections.

[0161] The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but also includes all embodiments that have the same effect in the sense of the invention. It is expressly emphasized that the embodiments are not limited to all features in combination; rather, each individual feature can also have inventive significance independently of all other features. Furthermore, the invention is patented P45690PC00 / V / V ​​on December 19, 2025.

[0162] 29. This feature is not limited to the combination of features defined in claim 1, but can also be defined by any other combination of specific features from all individual features disclosed. This means that, in principle, virtually any individual feature of claim 1 can be omitted or replaced by at least one individual feature disclosed elsewhere in the application.

[0163] P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0164] 30

[0165] List of reference signs

[0166] 1 screw

[0167] 2 threads

[0168] 3 shaft

[0169] 3a Shaft diameter

[0170] 4 screw heads

[0171] 4a outer perimeter

[0172] 4b Screw head end face

[0173] 4c border

[0174] 5 cone surface

[0175] 5a Envelope

[0176] 5b Conical surface section

[0177] 6 Exclusion

[0178] 6a Mouth section

[0179] 6b Scope

[0180] 6c first section

[0181] 6d second section

[0182] 7 shaft projection

[0183] 7a Front surface

[0184] 7b Surface area

[0185] 7c maximum projection diameter

[0186] 8 elevated section

[0187] 8a Flanks

[0188] 9 in-depth section

[0189] 10 increased envelope

[0190] 11 recessed envelope

[0191] 12 axial projection

[0192] 13 axial rebound

[0193] 13a axial regression

[0194] 13b axial rebound

[0195] 13c axial rebound P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025

[0196] 31

[0197] 14 Power Attack

[0198] 15 Return

[0199] 16 collars

[0200] Level 17

[0201] 18 local collars

[0202] A axial direction

[0203] M Central axis

[0204] N Thread diameter

[0205] R radial direction

[0206] U circumferential direction a envelope angle ß angle

Claims

P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025 32 Claims 1. Screw (1) comprising at least one thread (2), a shank (3) and a screw head (4), wherein the thread (2) is arranged on the shank (3), and wherein the screw head (4) has at least one conical surface (5), characterized in that the shank (3) has at least one shank projection (7) with at least one end face (7a), and that the conical surface (5) opens into the shank projection (7).

2. Screw (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the conical surface (5) has at least one recess (6), in particular that the recess (6) opens at least partially into the shaft projection (7), preferably that the conical surface (5) has a plurality of recesses (6), particularly preferably that the recesses (6) are arranged uniformly over the circumference of the conical surface (5).

3. Screw (1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the conical surface (5) has at least one circumferential recess (15), in particular that the recess (5) is formed in an end region of the conical surface (5) facing away from the shaft projection (7), so that the screw head (4) has a collar (16) on its underside, or in particular that the circumferential recess (15) is formed adjacent to the shaft projection (7). P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025 33 4. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shaft projection (7) is arranged between the cone surface (5) and the thread (2), in particular that the shaft projection (7) is designed without thread.

5. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end face (7a) with at least one shell section (7c) of the shaft projection (7) encloses an angle (β) of at most 95°, in particular between 90° and 70°, preferably of 90°.

6. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaft projection (7) at least partially, preferably completely, radially surrounds the shaft (3), and / or that the shaft projection (7) is rotationally symmetrical to a central axis (M), in particular that the shaft projection (7) is at least partially cylindrical.

7. Screw (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shank projection (7) has a maximum projection diameter (7c), and that the maximum projection diameter (7c) is smaller than or substantially equal to a nominal diameter (N) of the thread (2), and / or that a maximum projection diameter (7c) is at least 1.2 times, in particular at least 1.25 times, preferably at least 1.3 times, a shank diameter (3a), and / or that the maximum projection diameter (7c) is at most 1.75 times, in particular at most 1.6 times, preferably at most 1.5 times, the shank diameter (3a). P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025 34 8. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the shaft projection (7) has at least one, in particular cylindrical section-shaped, raised section (8) and at least one, in particular cylindrical section-shaped, recessed section (9), preferably that the raised section (8) has a radial extent (8b) which is greater than a radial extent of the recessed section (9), preferably that the radial extent (8b) of the raised section (8) is constant and / or that the radial extent of the recessed section (9) is constant.

9. Screw (1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that a circumferential extent of the raised section (8) in the axial direction (A) is constant and / or that a circumferential extent of the recessed section (9) in the axial direction (A) is constant.

10. Screw (1 ) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one recess (6) is formed in the conical surface (5), and that the recess (6) opens into the recessed section (9) of the shaft projection (7), or that the recess (6) opens into the raised section (8) of the shaft projection (7).

11. Screw (1) according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the shaft projection (7) has a plurality of raised sections (8) and a plurality of recessed sections (9), in particular that each of the raised sections (8) lies on a common raised envelope (10), and / or that each of the recessed sections (9) lies on a common recessed envelope (11). P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025 35 12. Screw (1 ) according to claim 11 , characterized in that the raised sections (8) and the recessed sections (9) are arranged alternately distributed over the circumference of the shaft projection (7), in particular that the raised sections (8) and / or the recessed sections (9) are arranged evenly distributed over the circumference of the shaft projection (7).

13. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the shank projection (7) has at least one axial projection (12) and / or at least one axial recess (13) on the end face (7a) facing the thread (2), in particular that two axial projections (12) and / or two axial recesses (13) are arranged opposite each other on the shank projection (7).

14. Screw (1 ) according to claim 13, characterized in that a circumferential extent of the axial projection (12) in the axial direction (A) is constant, and / or that a circumferential extent of the axial retraction (13) in the axial direction (A) is constant, and / or that a radial extent of the axial projection (12) is constant, and / or that a radial extent of the axial retraction (13) is constant.

15. Screw (1 ) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the axial projection (12) is arranged in axial extension, in particular aligned, to a recess (6) in the conical surface (5), or that the axial recess (13) is arranged in axial extension, in particular aligned, to a recess (6) in the conical surface (5). P45690PC00 / V / V ​​19.12.2025 36 16. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the shaft projection (7) has a plurality of axial projections (12) and / or a plurality of axial recesses (13), in particular that the axial extent of all projections (12) is the same or different and / or that the axial extent of all recesses (13) is the same or different, in particular such that the end face (7a) is at least partially, in particular completely, stepped.

17. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 12 and one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the axial projection (12) is arranged on the raised section (8), in particular that a radial extent of the axial projection (12) and a radial extent (8b) of the raised section (8) are equal, and / or that the axial recess (13) is arranged on the recessed section (9), in particular that a radial extent of the axial recess (13) and a radial extent of the recessed section (9) are equal.

18. Screw (1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the end face (7a) facing the thread (2) has a helical shape, in particular forming at least or exactly one step (17), preferably at least or exactly two steps (17), arranged helically around the shaft (3) with maximum extension.

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