Electrode degradation test device

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrode degradation test device for testing electrode degradation of a bipolar electrodialysis device. The electrode degradation test device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a positive electrode to which positive voltage is applied; a negative electrode to which negative voltage is applied; a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; a tank in which a lithium hydroxide solution is stored; a positive electrode frame that supports the positive electrode and allows the lithium hydroxide solution, which is stored in the tank, to flow between the positive electrode and the cation exchange membrane and between the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane; and a negative electrode frame that supports the negative electrode and allows the lithium hydroxide solution, which has flowed between the positive electrode and the cation exchange membrane, to flow between the anion exchange membrane and the negative electrode.

Description

Electrode degradation test device

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrode degradation test device, and more specifically, to an electrode degradation test device for testing electrode degradation of a bipolar electrodialysis device.

[0002] Lithium, which serves as a raw material for lithium secondary batteries, has conventionally been produced by extracting lithium carbonate from salt lakes, reacting it with lime to obtain a lithium hydroxide solution, and then crystallizing it. However, the lime process generates limestone as a byproduct, and the operation of the kiln to recycle the limestone produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, which is not environmentally friendly. Alternatively, a lithium hydroxide solution can be produced using a bipolar electrodialysis (BPED) method.

[0003] Such a bipolar electrodialysis device includes a stack in which an electrode, a bipolar membrane, an anion exchange membrane (AEM), a cation exchange membrane (CEM), a bipolar membrane, and an electrode are sequentially stacked.

[0004] Electrodes play a role in protecting cations, anions, and bipolar membranes within a stack, as well as effectively transporting ions. However, as hydrogen and oxygen reactions occur vigorously, hydroxyl radicals (OH radicals) are generated, which can accelerate electrode degradation and degrade performance. Accordingly, a device was required to test the tendency of electrode degradation and at what point in time it occurs.

[0005] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide an electrode degradation test device capable of testing the timing and trend of degradation of the electrodes of a bipolar electrodialysis device.

[0006] The problems of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

[0007] To achieve the above objective, an electrode degradation test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a positive electrode to which a positive voltage is applied, a negative electrode to which a negative voltage is applied, an anode ion exchange membrane and a cathode ion exchange membrane disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a tank stored in an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution, a positive electrode frame that supports the positive electrode and causes the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution stored in the tank to flow between the positive electrode and the anode ion exchange membrane and between the anode ion exchange membrane and the cathode ion exchange membrane, and a negative electrode frame that supports the negative electrode and causes the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution that has flowed between the positive electrode and the anode ion exchange membrane to flow between the cathode ion exchange membrane and the negative electrode.

[0008] Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

[0009] According to the electrode degradation test device of the present invention, one or more of the following effects are present.

[0010] First, by implementing an appropriate test apparatus, it has the advantage of replicating the same reaction as the basic dissolution in bipolar electrodialysis, allowing for testing that is indistinguishable from bipolar electrodialysis.

[0011] Second, it also has the advantage of being able to identify the timing and trend of electrode degradation by measuring the current over time.

[0012] Third, there is also the advantage of inducing degradation by inducing the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH radicals) at the negative electrode through the implementation of an appropriate test device.

[0013] The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description in the claims.

[0014] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an electrode degradation test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] FIG. 2 is a drawing of the positive electrode and positive electrode frame of an electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] FIG. 3 is a drawing of a negative electrode and a negative electrode frame of an electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an electrode degradation test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 is a test result measured by an electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The advantages and features of the present invention and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0020] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another, and unless specifically stated otherwise, the first component may also be the second component.

[0021] Throughout the specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, each component may be singular or plural.

[0022] In the following, the statement that any configuration is placed on the "upper (or lower)" of a component or on the "upper (or lower)" of a component may mean not only that any configuration is placed in contact with the upper (or lower) surface of said component, but also that another configuration may be interposed between said component and any configuration placed on (or below) said component.

[0023] In addition, where it is stated that one component is "connected," "combined," or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that while the components may be directly connected or connected to each other, another component may be "interposed" between each component, or each component may be "connected," "combined," or "connected" through another component.

[0024] Singular expressions used in this specification include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "composed of" or "comprising" should not be interpreted as necessarily including all of the various components or steps described in the specification, and should be interpreted as meaning that some of the components or steps may be omitted or additional components or steps may be included.

[0025] Throughout the specification, "A and / or B" means A, B, or A and B unless specifically stated otherwise, and "C to D" means C or more and D or less unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0026] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings for explaining an electrode degradation test apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an electrode degradation test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] An electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a positive electrode (120) to which a positive voltage is applied, a negative electrode (130) to which a negative voltage is applied, an anode ion exchange membrane (160) and a cathode ion exchange membrane (170) disposed between the positive electrode (120) and the negative electrode (130), a tank (110) stored in an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution, an anode frame (140) that supports the positive electrode (120) and guides the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution stored in the tank (110) between the positive electrode (120) and the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and between the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and the cathode ion exchange membrane (170), and a cathode frame (140) that supports the negative electrode (130) and guides the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution that has flowed between the positive electrode (120) and the anode ion exchange membrane (160) to the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130). It includes a negative electrode frame (150) and an ammeter (190) for measuring the current of the negative electrode (130).

[0029] The positive electrode (120) is electrically connected to the voltage source (10) so that a positive voltage is applied. At the positive electrode (120), an oxidation reaction occurs, and water (H2O) is converted into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen ions (H2). + It is converted into ).

[0030] The positive electrode (120) is supported by the positive electrode frame (140). It is preferable for the positive electrode (120) to contain platinum (Pt) to minimize contamination of the electrode itself, and in this embodiment, the positive electrode (120) is formed by coating platinum (Pt) onto titanium (Ti).

[0031] The negative electrode (130) is electrically connected to the voltage source (10) so that a negative voltage is applied. At the negative electrode (130), a reduction reaction occurs, and water (H2O) is converted into hydrogen (H2) and hydroxide ions (OH). - It is converted into ). Age consists of oxygen (O2) and hydrogen ions (H +After ) is generated, it is reduced to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (OH radicals) are produced.

[0032] The negative electrode (130) is supported by a negative electrode frame (150). It is preferable for the negative electrode (130) to contain platinum (Pt) to minimize contamination of the electrode itself, and in this embodiment, the negative electrode (130) is formed by coating titanium (Ti) with platinum (Pt).

[0033] A constant voltage of 1.5V is applied to the positive electrode (120) and the negative electrode (130) from the voltage source (10).

[0034] The positive ion exchange membrane (160) and the negative ion exchange membrane (170) are cation exchange membranes (CEMs) that selectively allow cations to pass through. The positive ion exchange membrane (160) and the negative ion exchange membrane (170) are spaced apart and placed side by side between the positive electrode (120) and the negative electrode (130).

[0035] The anode ion exchange membrane (160) is a lithium ion (Li) between the positive electrode (120) and the anode ion exchange membrane (160). + ) passes through. The cathode ion exchange membrane (170) is a lithium ion (Li) between the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and the cathode ion exchange membrane (170). + ) passes through.

[0036] The water tank (110) stores a 0.5M aqueous lithium hydroxide solution. The water tank (110) maintains a constant temperature, and in this embodiment, maintains 36.7℃. The water tank (110) has an exhaust port (119) formed on the upper side for discharging oxygen (O2) generated between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160) and hydrogen (H2) generated between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130).

[0037] The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank (110) passes between the positive ion exchange membrane (160) and the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and is recovered into the tank (110). The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank (110) passes between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160), passes between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130), and is recovered into the tank (110).

[0038] The anode frame (140) is positioned at one edge of the electrode degradation test device. The anode frame (140) is formed to surround the positive electrode (120) to support it, such that one side of the positive electrode (120) is exposed toward the anode ion exchange membrane (160). The anode frame (140) is in the shape of a plate with a high height and a thin thickness, and the positive electrode (120) is positioned inside it.

[0039] The positive frame (140) is connected to the water tank (110) to allow the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the water tank (110) to flow between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160). The positive frame (140) is connected to the negative frame (150) to allow the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution that has flowed between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160) to flow to the negative frame (150). That is, the positive frame (140) circulates the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the water tank (110) between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160), and between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130).

[0040] Additionally, the anode frame (140) is connected to the tank (110) to allow the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank (110) to flow between the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and the cathode ion exchange membrane (170), and then flow back to the tank (110). That is, the anode frame (140) circulates the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank (110) between the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and the cathode ion exchange membrane (170).

[0041] The cathode frame (150) is positioned at the other edge of the electrode degradation test device. The cathode frame (150) is formed to surround the cathode (130) to support it, such that one side of the cathode (130) is exposed toward the cathode ion exchange membrane (170). The cathode frame (150) is in the shape of a plate with a high height and thin thickness, and the cathode (130) is positioned inside it.

[0042] The negative electrode frame (150) is connected to the positive electrode frame (140) to allow the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution flowing between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160) to flow between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130). The negative electrode frame (150) is connected to the water tank (110) to allow the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution flowing between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130) to flow into the water tank (110).

[0043] The positive frame (140) and the negative frame (150) circulate the lithium hydroxide solution stored in the water tank (110) between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160) and between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130).

[0044] The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank is circulated between the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) by the anode frame (140). The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution flowing between the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) is simple lithium ions (Li + Maintain the equivalent circuit by performing the movement of ).

[0045] The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank is circulated between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160) and between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130) by means of the positive electrode frame (140) and the negative electrode frame (150). The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution flowing between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160) consists of water (H2O) mixed with oxygen (O2) and hydrogen ions (H2O). + A water oxidation reaction occurs in which it decomposes into ), and lithium ions (Li +) is conducted. The aqueous lithium hydroxide solution flowing between the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130) consists of water (H2O) mixed with hydrogen (H2) and hydroxide ions (OH). - A water reduction reaction occurs in which water is decomposed into ) and, as described above, hydroxyl radicals (OH radical) are generated by the continuous reduction reaction, thereby degrading the negative electrode (130).

[0046] An ammeter (190) is connected in series with the negative electrode (130) to measure current. By observing the current value over time through the ammeter (190), the timing and trend of the deterioration of the negative electrode (130) can be tested.

[0047] FIG. 2 is a drawing of the positive electrode and positive electrode frame of an electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 2 is a front view and a left side view of the positive electrode (120) and positive frame (140) assembly.

[0049] The positive electrode frame (140) is formed with a central inlet path (147) through which the lithium hydroxide solution stored in the tank (110) flows in and is connected between the positive electrode ion exchange membrane (160) and the negative electrode ion exchange membrane (170), a central outlet path (148) through which the lithium hydroxide solution flowing between the positive electrode ion exchange membrane (160) and the negative electrode ion exchange membrane (170) flows out, a positive electrode inlet path (141) through which the lithium hydroxide solution stored in the tank (110) flows in and is connected between the positive electrode (120) and the positive electrode ion exchange membrane (160), and a positive electrode outlet path (146) through which the lithium hydroxide solution flowing between the positive electrode (120) and the positive electrode ion exchange membrane (160) flows out.

[0050] The central inlet (147) is connected to the water tank (110) and is formed in the thickness direction of the anode frame (140) toward the anode ion exchange membrane (160). The central inlet (147) is positioned below the anode inlet (141). The central outlet (148) is connected to the water tank (110) and is formed in the thickness direction of the anode frame (140) toward the anode ion exchange membrane (160). The central outlet (148) is positioned above the anode outlet (146).

[0051] The lithium hydroxide solution stored in the tank (110) is circulated between the anode ion exchange membrane (160) and the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) through the central inlet (147) and the central outlet (148).

[0052] The anode inlet (141) is connected to the tank (110) and is formed in the width direction of the anode frame (140). The anode inlet (141) is positioned at the bottom of the positive electrode (120). The anode inlet (141) is positioned between the positive electrode (120) and the central inlet (147). A plurality of anode outlets (143) are formed along the length direction of the anode inlet (141). The plurality of anode outlets (143) discharge the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution introduced into the anode inlet (141) between the positive electrode (120) and the anode ion exchange membrane (160).

[0053] The anode outlet (146) is connected to the cathode frame (150) and is formed in the width direction of the anode frame (140). The anode outlet (146) is positioned at the top of the positive electrode (120). The anode outlet (146) is positioned between the positive electrode (120) and the central outlet (148). A plurality of anode inlets (144) are formed along the length direction of the anode outlet (146). The plurality of anode inlets (144) introduce an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution that has flowed between the positive electrode (120) and the anode ion exchange membrane (160) into the anode outlet (146).

[0054] The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank (110) flows into the anode inlet (141) and flows out between the positive electrode (120) and the anode ion exchange membrane (160) through a plurality of anode outlets (143). The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution that has flowed between the positive electrode (120) and the anode ion exchange membrane (160) flows into the anode outlet (146) through a plurality of anode inlets (144) and then flows out to the negative electrode frame (150).

[0055] FIG. 3 is a drawing of a negative electrode and a negative electrode frame of an electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] FIG. 3 is a right side view and a front view of the negative electrode (130) and negative electrode frame (150) assembly.

[0057] The cathode frame (150) is formed with a cathode inlet path (151) into which an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution flowing from the anode outlet path (146) flows and which is connected between the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the cathode (130), and a cathode outlet path (156) into which an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution flowing between the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the cathode (130) flows out.

[0058] The cathode inlet (151) is connected to the anode frame (140) and is formed in the width direction of the cathode frame (150). The cathode inlet (151) is positioned at the bottom of the negative electrode (130). A plurality of cathode outlets (153) are formed along the length direction of the cathode inlet (151). The plurality of cathode outlets (153) discharge the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution introduced into the cathode inlet (151) between the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130).

[0059] The cathode outlet (156) is connected to the tank (110) and is formed in the width direction of the cathode frame (150). The cathode outlet (156) is positioned at the top of the negative electrode (130). A plurality of cathode inlets (154) are formed along the length direction of the cathode outlet (156). The plurality of cathode inlets (154) introduce an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution that has flowed between the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130) into the cathode outlet (156).

[0060] The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution flowing out from the anode outlet (146) of the anode frame (140) flows into the cathode inlet (151) and flows out between the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the cathode (130) through a plurality of anode outlets (153). The lithium hydroxide aqueous solution flowing between the cathode ion exchange membrane (170) and the cathode (130) flows into the cathode outlet (156) through a plurality of cathode inlets (154) and then flows out into the water tank (110).

[0061] FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an electrode degradation test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] An electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an anode spacer gasket (180a) disposed between a positive electrode (120) and a positive ion exchange membrane (160), a central spacer gasket (180b) disposed between a positive ion exchange membrane (160) and a negative ion exchange membrane (170), and a negative spacer gasket (180c) disposed between a negative ion exchange membrane (170) and a negative electrode (130).

[0063] A spacer gasket is placed between the electrode and the ion exchange membrane or between ion exchange membranes to form a space through which an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution passes.

[0064] In the above description, the space between the positive electrode (120) and the positive ion exchange membrane (160) can be replaced with a positive spacer gasket (180a), the space between the positive ion exchange membrane (160) and the negative ion exchange membrane (170) can be replaced with a central spacer gasket (180b), and the space between the negative ion exchange membrane (170) and the negative electrode (130) can be replaced with a negative spacer gasket (180c).

[0065] The positive spacer gasket (180a) is connected to the positive inlet path (141) through a plurality of positive outlets (143) of the positive frame (140). The positive spacer gasket (180a) is connected to the positive outlet path (146) through a plurality of positive inlets (144) of the positive frame (140).

[0066] The cathode spacer gasket (180c) is connected to the cathode inlet path (151) through a plurality of cathode outlets (153) of the cathode frame (150). The cathode spacer gasket (180c) is connected to the cathode outlet path (156) through a plurality of cathode inlets (154) of the cathode frame (150).

[0067] The anode spacer gasket (180a) is formed with a gasket inlet (187) connected to the central inlet (147) and a gasket outlet (188) connected to the frame central outlet (148). Additionally, the anode ion exchange membrane (160) is formed with an ion exchange membrane inlet (167) connected to the gasket inlet (187) and an ion exchange membrane outlet (168) connected to the gasket outlet (188).

[0068] The gasket inlet (187) and the ion exchange membrane inlet (167) are positioned corresponding to the location of the central inlet (147), and the gasket outlet (188) and the ion exchange membrane outlet (168) are positioned corresponding to the location of the central outlet (148).

[0069] The central spacer gasket (180b) is connected to the central inlet (147) of the anode frame (140) through the gasket inlet (187) and the ion exchange membrane inlet (167). The central spacer gasket (180b) is connected to the central outlet (148) of the anode frame (140) through the gasket outlet (188) and the ion exchange membrane outlet (168).

[0070] Figure 5 is a test result measured by an electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] As a result of observing the current value over time by the ammeter (190) of the electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the current value starts at approximately 135 mA and begins to decrease rapidly. The current value, which decreased rapidly until 100 hours have passed, rises slightly but continues to decrease, indicating that the resistance of the electrode increases and the lifespan of the electrode is decreasing. In this way, the starting point and trend of electrode degradation can be identified using the electrode degradation test device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Various modifications are possible by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the invention as claimed in the patent claims, and such modifications should not be understood individually from the technical spirit or perspective of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positive electrode to which a positive voltage is applied; A negative electrode to which a negative voltage is applied; A positive ion exchange membrane and a negative ion exchange membrane disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; A tank stored in an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution; An anode frame that supports the positive electrode and allows the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the tank to flow between the positive electrode and the positive ion exchange membrane and between the positive ion exchange membrane and the negative ion exchange membrane; and An electrode degradation test apparatus comprising a cathode frame that supports the negative electrode and allows the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution, which has flowed between the positive electrode and the anode ion exchange membrane, to flow between the cathode ion exchange membrane and the negative electrode.

2. In Paragraph 1, An electrode degradation test device in which a reduction reaction occurs at the above negative electrode and hydroxyl radicals are generated.

3. In Paragraph 1, An electrode degradation test device further comprising an ammeter for measuring the current of the above negative electrode.

4. In Paragraph 1, The above-mentioned tank is an electrode degradation test device that stores a 0.5M aqueous lithium hydroxide solution.

5. In Paragraph 1, The above water bath is an electrode degradation test device that maintains a constant temperature.

6. In Paragraph 1, The above-mentioned tank is an electrode degradation test device having an exhaust port formed therein for discharging oxygen generated between the positive electrode and the positive ion exchange membrane and hydrogen generated between the negative ion exchange membrane and the negative electrode.

7. In Paragraph 1, The above positive electrode and the above negative electrode are an electrode degradation test device comprising platinum (Pt).

8. In Paragraph 1, The above positive electrode and the above negative electrode are an electrode degradation test device to which a constant voltage of 1.5V is applied.

9. In Paragraph 1, The above positive frame is, A central inlet channel into which the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the above tank flows and which is connected between the anode ion exchange membrane and the cathode ion exchange membrane, and A central outlet through which the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution flowing between the anode ion exchange membrane and the cathode ion exchange membrane is discharged, and An anode inlet path in which the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the above tank flows in and which is connected between the positive electrode and the anode ion exchange membrane, and An anode outflow path is formed through which the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution flowing between the anode and the anode ion exchange membrane flows out, and The above cathode frame is, A cathode inlet path into which the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution discharged from the anode outlet path flows and which is connected between the cathode ion exchange membrane and the cathode, and An electrode degradation test apparatus in which a cathode outflow path is formed through which the aqueous lithium hydroxide solution flowing between the cathode ion exchange membrane and the cathode flows out.

10. In Paragraph 1, A positive spacer gasket disposed between the positive electrode and the positive ion exchange membrane; A central spacer gasket disposed between the anode ion exchange membrane and the cathode ion exchange membrane; and An electrode degradation test apparatus comprising a cathode spacer gasket disposed between the cathode ion exchange membrane and the cathode.

11. In Paragraph 10, The above anode spacer gasket is formed with a gasket inlet connected to the central inlet and a gasket outlet connected to the central outlet. The above-mentioned anode ion exchange membrane is an electrode degradation test device in which an ion exchange membrane inlet connected to the gasket inlet and an ion exchange membrane outlet connected to the gasket outlet are formed.

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