Light guide device and electronic device comprising same

Abstract

Disclosed in an embodiment is a light guide device comprising: a first substrate; and a first input diffractive element, a first transfer diffractive element and a first output diffractive element, which are disposed on the first substrate and on which light is sequentially incident, wherein the first input diffractive element includes a plurality of first protrusions protruding in a first direction perpendicular to the first substrate, and a first thin film disposed on the first input diffractive element and the first protrusions, the first transfer diffractive element includes a plurality of second protrusions protruding in the first direction, and the first output diffractive element includes a plurality of third protrusions, the side surfaces of the third protrusions forming a first angle with the first direction.

Description

Light guide device and electronic device including the same

[0001] The embodiment relates to a light guide device and an electronic device including the same.

[0002] Virtual Reality (VR) refers to a specific environment or situation, or the technology itself, created using artificial technology such as computers that is similar to reality but is not actually real.

[0003] Augmented Reality (AR) refers to a technology that superimposes virtual objects or information onto a real environment to make them appear as if they exist in the original environment.

[0004] Mixed Reality (MR) or Hybrid Reality refers to the creation of new environments or new information by combining the virtual world and the real world. In particular, it is called Mixed Reality when referring to the ability to interact in real time between things existing in the real world and the virtual world.

[0005] In this case, the created virtual environment or situation stimulates the user's five senses and enables spatial and temporal experiences similar to reality, thereby allowing the user to freely cross the boundary between reality and imagination. Furthermore, the user can not only simply immerse themselves in this environment but also interact with the elements implemented within it, such as by using actual devices to perform operations or issue commands.

[0006] Recently, active research is being conducted on equipment (gear, devices) used in these technological fields. However, there is a growing need for miniaturization and improvement of optical performance for such equipment.

[0007] An embodiment provides a light guide device with increased diffraction efficiency and an electronic device including the same.

[0008] In addition, a light guide device with increased light output uniformity and an electronic device including the same are provided.

[0009] In addition, the present invention provides a light guide device with improved optical performance and an electronic device including the same.

[0010] The problem to be solved in the embodiments is not limited thereto, and may also include objectives or effects that can be identified from the means of solving the problem or the forms of implementation described below.

[0011] A light guide device according to an embodiment comprises a first substrate; and a first input diffraction element, a first transfer diffraction element, and a first output diffraction element disposed on the first substrate and to which light is sequentially incident, wherein the first input diffraction element comprises a plurality of first protrusions protruding in a first direction perpendicular to the first substrate and a first thin film disposed on the first input diffraction element and the first protrusions, the first transfer diffraction element comprises a plurality of second protrusions protruding in the first direction, and the first output diffraction element comprises a plurality of third protrusions protruding in the first direction, and the side surface of the third protrusions may form a first angle with the first direction.

[0012] The first transfer diffraction element includes a first to eighth region that is sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the first to eighth regions may be sequentially arranged in a direction away from the first input diffraction element, starting from the position closest to the first input diffraction element.

[0013] The height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the eighth region may be greater than the height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the first region to the seventh region.

[0014] The fill factor of the seventh region may be smaller than the fill factor of the first to sixth regions and the eighth region.

[0015] The fill factors of the first to fourth regions may be the same as each other.

[0016] The first emission diffraction element includes ninth to tenth regions sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the ninth to tenth regions may be sequentially arranged in a direction away from the first input diffraction element and the first transfer diffraction element, starting from the position closest to the first input diffraction element and the first transfer diffraction element.

[0017] The height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 13th region and the 14th region may be greater than the height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 9th to 12th regions.

[0018] The fill factor of the 13th region may be smaller than the fill factor of the 9th to 12th regions and the 14th region.

[0019] The fill factor of the 9th region and the 10th region may be the same as each other.

[0020] The first angle of the 14th region may be smaller than the first angle of the 9th to 13th regions.

[0021] The first angles of the 9th to 13th regions may be the same as each other.

[0022] The first transmission diffraction element includes regions 15 through 18 that are sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the regions 15 through 18 may be sequentially arranged in a direction that moves closer to the first emission diffraction element, starting from the position furthest apart from the first emission diffraction element.

[0023] The average height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the 18th region may be smaller than the average height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the 15th to 17th regions.

[0024] The first emitting diffraction element includes regions 19 through 23 that are sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and regions 19 through 23 may be sequentially arranged to intersect perpendicularly with regions 9 through 14.

[0025] The average fill factor of the 23rd region above may be smaller than the average fill factor of the 19th to 22nd regions above.

[0026] According to an embodiment, an optical guide device with increased diffraction efficiency and an electronic device including the same can be provided.

[0027] In addition, a light guide device with increased light output uniformity and an electronic device including the same can be provided.

[0028] In addition, an optical guide device with improved optical performance and an electronic device including the same can be provided.

[0029] The various and beneficial advantages and effects of the present invention are not limited to those described above and may be more easily understood in the process of explaining specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of an AI device, and

[0031] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an extended reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and

[0032] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an augmented reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and

[0033] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and

[0034] FIG. 5 is a drawing showing the grating pattern of a diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and

[0035] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an input diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and

[0036] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transfer diffraction element of an optical guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and

[0037] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an emission diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and

[0038] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the region of a diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the region of a diffraction element of a light guide device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0041] However, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to some of the described embodiments but can be implemented in various different forms, and within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, one or more of the components among the embodiments may be selectively combined or substituted.

[0042] In addition, terms used in the embodiments of the present invention (including technical and scientific terms) may be interpreted in a sense that is generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless explicitly and specifically defined otherwise. Terms that are commonly used, such as terms defined in advance, may be interpreted in consideration of their meaning in the context of the relevant technology.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] In this specification, the singular form may include the plural form unless specifically stated otherwise in the text, and when described as "at least one of A and B and C (or more than one)," it may include one or more of all combinations that can be formed from A, B, and C.

[0045] In addition, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used when describing the components of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] These terms are intended merely to distinguish a component from other components and are not limited by the nature, order, sequence, etc., of the said component.

[0047] And, where it is stated that a component is 'connected', 'combined', or 'joined' to another component, this may include not only cases where the component is directly connected, combined, or joined to the other component, but also cases where it is 'connected', 'combined', or 'joined' due to another component located between the component and the other component.

[0048] Furthermore, when described as being formed or placed "above or below" each component, "above" or "below" includes not only cases where two components are in direct contact with each other, but also cases where one or more other components are formed or placed between the two components. Additionally, when expressed as "above or below," it may include the meaning of a downward direction as well as an upward direction relative to a single component.

[0049] Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of an AI device.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 1, the AI ​​system is connected to a cloud network (10) at least one of an AI server (16), a robot (11), an autonomous vehicle (12), an XR device (13), a smartphone (14), or a home appliance (15). Here, the robot (11), the autonomous vehicle (12), the XR device (13), the smartphone (14), or the home appliance (15) to which AI technology is applied may be referred to as AI devices (11 to 15).

[0051] A cloud network (10) may mean a network that constitutes part of a cloud computing infrastructure or exists within a cloud computing infrastructure. Here, the cloud network (10) may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G or LTE (Long Term Evolution) network or a 5G network, etc.

[0052] That is, each device (11 to 16) constituting the AI ​​system can be connected to each other through a cloud network (10). In particular, each device (11 to 16) may communicate with each other through a base station, but may also communicate directly with each other without going through a base station.

[0053] The AI ​​server (16) may include a server that performs AI processing and a server that performs operations on big data.

[0054] The AI ​​server (16) is connected via a cloud network (10) to at least one of the AI ​​devices constituting the AI ​​system, such as a robot (11), an autonomous vehicle (12), an XR device (13), a smartphone (14), or a home appliance (15), and can assist in at least some of the AI ​​processing of the connected AI devices (11 to 15).

[0055] At this time, the AI ​​server (16) can train an artificial neural network according to a machine learning algorithm on behalf of the AI ​​devices (11 to 15), and can directly store the training model or transmit it to the AI ​​devices (11 to 15).

[0056] At this time, the AI ​​server (16) receives input data from the AI ​​devices (11 to 15), infers a result value for the received input data using a learning model, and generates a response or control command based on the inferred result value and transmits it to the AI ​​devices (11 to 15).

[0057] Alternatively, the AI ​​device (11 to 15) may use a direct learning model to infer a result value for the input data and generate a response or control command based on the inferred result value.

[0058] <AI+로봇>

[0059] The robot (11) can be implemented as a guide robot, transport robot, cleaning robot, wearable robot, entertainment robot, pet robot, unmanned flying robot, etc. by applying AI technology.

[0060] The robot (11) may include a robot control module for controlling operation, and the robot control module may mean a software module or a chip that implements the same in hardware.

[0061] The robot (11) can use sensor information obtained from various types of sensors to obtain state information of the robot (11), detect (recognize) surrounding environment and objects, generate map data, determine movement paths and driving plans, determine responses to user interactions, or determine actions.

[0062] Here, the robot (11) can use sensor information obtained from at least one sensor among lidar, radar, and camera to determine a movement path and driving plan.

[0063] The robot (11) can perform the above-mentioned actions using a learning model composed of at least one artificial neural network. For example, the robot (11) can recognize the surrounding environment and objects using the learning model, and can determine actions using the recognized surrounding environment information or object information. Here, the learning model may be learned directly by the robot (11) or learned from an external device such as an AI server (16).

[0064] At this time, the robot (11) may perform an operation by generating a result using a direct learning model, but it may also perform an operation by transmitting sensor information to an external device such as an AI server (16) and receiving the result generated accordingly.

[0065] The robot (11) can determine a movement path and a driving plan using at least one of map data, object information detected from sensor information or object information obtained from an external device, and control a driving unit to drive the robot (11) according to the determined movement path and driving plan.

[0066] Map data may include object identification information for various objects placed in the space where the robot (11) moves. For example, map data may include object identification information for fixed objects such as walls and doors, and movable objects such as flowerpots and desks. In addition, the object identification information may include names, types, distances, locations, etc.

[0067] Additionally, the robot (11) can perform actions or drive by controlling the drive unit based on the user's control / interaction. At this time, the robot (11) can obtain intention information of interaction based on the user's actions or voice utterances, and determine a response based on the obtained intention information to perform actions.

[0068] <AI+자율주행>

[0069] The autonomous vehicle (12) can be implemented as a mobile robot, vehicle, or unmanned aerial vehicle by applying AI technology.

[0070] The autonomous vehicle (12) may include an autonomous driving control module for controlling autonomous driving functions, and the autonomous driving control module may refer to a software module or a chip that implements the same in hardware. The autonomous driving control module may be included internally as a component of the autonomous vehicle (12), but may also be configured and connected as separate hardware externally to the autonomous vehicle (12).

[0071] The autonomous vehicle (12) can use sensor information obtained from various types of sensors to obtain state information of the autonomous vehicle (12), detect (recognize) surrounding environment and objects, generate map data, determine a movement path and driving plan, or determine an operation.

[0072] Here, the autonomous vehicle (12) can use sensor information obtained from at least one sensor among lidar, radar, and camera, just like the robot (11), to determine the movement path and driving plan.

[0073] In particular, the autonomous vehicle (12) can recognize the environment or objects in an area where the field of view is obscured or in an area beyond a certain distance by receiving sensor information from external devices, or by receiving information directly recognized from external devices.

[0074] The autonomous vehicle (12) can perform the above-mentioned operations using a learning model composed of at least one artificial neural network. For example, the autonomous vehicle (12) can recognize surrounding environments and objects using the learning model, and can determine a driving path using the recognized surrounding environment information or object information. Here, the learning model may be learned directly in the autonomous vehicle (12) or learned from an external device such as an AI server (16).

[0075] At this time, the autonomous vehicle (12) may perform operations by generating results using a direct learning model, but may also perform operations by transmitting sensor information to an external device such as an AI server (16) and receiving the results generated accordingly.

[0076] The autonomous vehicle (12) can determine a movement path and a driving plan using at least one of map data, object information detected from sensor information or object information obtained from an external device, and control the driving unit to drive the autonomous vehicle (12) according to the determined movement path and driving plan.

[0077] Map data may include object identification information for various objects placed in the space (e.g., a road) where the autonomous vehicle (12) is driving. For example, the map data may include object identification information for fixed objects such as streetlights, rocks, and buildings, and movable objects such as vehicles and pedestrians. In addition, the object identification information may include names, types, distances, locations, etc.

[0078] Additionally, the autonomous vehicle (12) can perform operations or drive by controlling the drive unit based on the user's control / interaction. At this time, the autonomous vehicle (12) can obtain intention information of the interaction based on the user's actions or voice utterances, and determine a response based on the obtained intention information to perform operations.

[0079] <AI+XR>

[0080] The XR device (13) can be implemented as a Head-Mount Display (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a stationary robot, or a mobile robot by applying AI technology.

[0081] The XR device (13) can obtain information about surrounding space or real objects by analyzing three-dimensional point cloud data or image data obtained through various sensors or from an external device to generate location data and attribute data for three-dimensional points, and can render and output an XR object to be output. For example, the XR device (13) can output an XR object containing additional information about a recognized object by corresponding it to the recognized object.

[0082] The XR device (13) can perform the above-mentioned operations using a learning model composed of at least one artificial neural network. For example, the XR device (13) can recognize real-world objects in 3D point cloud data or image data using the learning model and provide information corresponding to the recognized real-world objects. Here, the learning model may be learned directly by the XR device (13) or learned from an external device such as an AI server (16).

[0083] At this time, the XR device (13) may perform an operation by generating a result using a direct learning model, but it may also perform an operation by transmitting sensor information to an external device such as an AI server (16) and receiving the result generated accordingly.

[0084] <AI+로봇+자율주행>

[0085] The robot (11) can be implemented as a guide robot, transport robot, cleaning robot, wearable robot, entertainment robot, pet robot, unmanned flying robot, etc. by applying AI technology and autonomous driving technology.

[0086] A robot (11) equipped with AI technology and autonomous driving technology may refer to the robot itself having autonomous driving capabilities, or a robot (11) that interacts with an autonomous vehicle (12).

[0087] A robot (11) with autonomous driving capabilities can be collectively referred to as a device that moves on its own along a given path without user control, or moves by determining its own path.

[0088] A robot (11) and an autonomous vehicle (12) with autonomous driving capabilities may use a common sensing method to determine one or more of a travel path or a driving plan. For example, a robot (11) and an autonomous vehicle (12) with autonomous driving capabilities may determine one or more of a travel path or a driving plan by using information sensed through a lidar, radar, or camera.

[0089] A robot (11) interacting with an autonomous vehicle (12) exists separately from the autonomous vehicle (12) and can perform actions linked to the autonomous driving function inside or outside the autonomous vehicle (12) or linked to a user riding in the autonomous vehicle (12).

[0090] At this time, the robot (11) interacting with the autonomous vehicle (12) can control or assist the autonomous driving function of the autonomous vehicle (12) by acquiring sensor information on behalf of the autonomous vehicle (12) and providing it to the autonomous vehicle (12), or by acquiring sensor information and generating surrounding environment information or object information and providing it to the autonomous vehicle (12).

[0091] Alternatively, a robot (11) interacting with an autonomous vehicle (12) may monitor a user riding in the autonomous vehicle (12) or control the functions of the autonomous vehicle (12) through interaction with the user. For example, if the robot (11) determines that the driver is drowsy, it may activate the autonomous driving function of the autonomous vehicle (12) or assist in controlling the drive unit of the autonomous vehicle (12). Here, the functions of the autonomous vehicle (12) controlled by the robot (11) may include not only the autonomous driving function but also functions provided by a navigation system or an audio system equipped inside the autonomous vehicle (12).

[0092] Alternatively, a robot (11) interacting with an autonomous vehicle (12) may provide information to the autonomous vehicle (12) or assist in functions from outside the autonomous vehicle (12). For example, the robot (11) may provide traffic information including signal information to the autonomous vehicle (12), such as a smart traffic light, or may interact with the autonomous vehicle (12) to automatically connect an electric charger to the charging port, such as an automatic electric charger for an electric vehicle.

[0093] <AI+로봇+XR>

[0094] The robot (11) can be implemented as a guide robot, transport robot, cleaning robot, wearable robot, entertainment robot, pet robot, unmanned flying robot, drone, etc. by applying AI technology and XR technology.

[0095] A robot (11) to which XR technology is applied may refer to a robot that is the subject of control / interaction within an XR image. In this case, the robot (11) is distinguished from the XR device (13) and can be interconnected with it.

[0096] When a robot (11) that is the subject of control / interaction within an XR image acquires sensor information from sensors including a camera, the robot (11) or the XR device (13) can generate an XR image based on the sensor information, and the XR device (13) can output the generated XR image. Furthermore, the robot (11) can operate based on a control signal input through the XR device (13) or user interaction.

[0097] For example, the user can view an XR image corresponding to the viewpoint of the remotely linked robot (11) through an external device such as an XR device (13), and through interaction, can adjust the autonomous driving path of the robot (11), control its movement or driving, or check information about surrounding objects.

[0098] <AI+자율주행+XR>

[0099] The autonomous vehicle (12) can be implemented as a mobile robot, vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle, etc. by applying AI technology and XR technology.

[0100] An autonomous vehicle (12) equipped with XR technology may refer to an autonomous vehicle equipped with means for providing XR images, or an autonomous vehicle that is the subject of control / interaction within the XR images. In particular, an autonomous vehicle (12) that is the subject of control / interaction within the XR images may be distinguished from and interconnected with an XR device (13).

[0101] An autonomous vehicle (12) equipped with means for providing XR images can acquire sensor information from sensors including cameras and output an XR image generated based on the acquired sensor information. For example, the autonomous vehicle (12) can provide an XR object corresponding to a real object or an object in the screen to the occupant by providing an XR image by outputting an XR image with a HUD.

[0102] At this time, when the XR object is displayed on the HUD, at least a portion of the XR object may be displayed so as to overlap with the actual object to which the passenger's gaze is directed. On the other hand, when the XR object is displayed on a display provided inside the autonomous vehicle (12), at least a portion of the XR object may be displayed so as to overlap with an object on the screen. For example, the autonomous vehicle (12) may display XR objects corresponding to objects such as a lane, other vehicles, traffic lights, traffic signs, motorcycles, pedestrians, buildings, etc.

[0103] When an autonomous vehicle (12) that is the subject of control / interaction within an XR image acquires sensor information from sensors including a camera, the autonomous vehicle (12) or the XR device (13) can generate an XR image based on the sensor information, and the XR device (13) can output the generated XR image. Furthermore, the autonomous vehicle (12) can operate based on control signals input through an external device such as the XR device (13) or user interaction.

[0104] [Extended Reality Technology]

[0105] Extended Reality (XR) is a collective term for Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR). VR technology provides real-world objects or backgrounds solely as CG images, AR technology provides virtual CG images superimposed on real-world images, and MR technology provides virtual objects mixed and combined with the real world.

[0106] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it displays real-world objects and virtual objects together. However, there is a difference in that while virtual objects in AR technology are used to complement real-world objects, virtual objects and real-world objects are used as equals in MR technology.

[0107] XR technology can be applied to HMDs (Head-Mount Displays), HUDs (Head-Up Displays), mobile phones, tablet PCs, laptops, desktops, TVs, digital signage, etc., and devices to which XR technology is applied can be called XR devices.

[0108] Hereinafter, an electronic device providing augmented reality according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In particular, a projection device applied to augmented reality and an electronic device including the same will be described in detail.

[0109] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an extended reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 2, the extended reality electronic device (20) may include a wireless communication unit (21), an input unit (22), a sensing unit (23), an output unit (24), an interface unit (25), a memory (26), a control unit (27), and a power supply unit (28). Since the components illustrated in FIG. 1 are not essential for implementing the electronic device (20), the electronic device (20) described herein may have more or fewer components than those listed above.

[0111] More specifically, among the above components, the wireless communication unit (21) may include one or more modules that enable wireless communication between the electronic device (20) and a wireless communication system, between the electronic device (20) and another electronic device, or between the electronic device (20) and an external server. Additionally, the wireless communication unit (21) may include one or more modules that connect the electronic device (20) to one or more networks.

[0112] This wireless communication unit (21) may include at least one of a broadcast reception module, a mobile communication module, a wireless internet module, a short-range communication module, and a location information module.

[0113] The input unit (22) may include a camera or video input unit for inputting a video signal, a microphone or audio input unit for inputting an audio signal, and a user input unit for receiving information from a user (e.g., a touch key, a mechanical key, etc.). Voice data or image data collected from the input unit (22) may be analyzed and processed into a user's control command.

[0114] The sensing unit (23) may include one or more sensors for sensing at least one of information within the electronic device (20), information about the surrounding environment surrounding the electronic device (20), and user information.

[0115] For example, the sensing unit (23) may include at least one of a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, a touch sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gravity sensor (G-sensor), a gyroscope sensor, a motion sensor, an RGB sensor, an infrared sensor (IR sensor: infrared sensor), a fingerprint sensor (finger scan sensor), an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor (e.g., a shooting means), a microphone, a battery gauge, an environmental sensor (e.g., a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, a radiation detection sensor, a heat detection sensor, a gas detection sensor, etc.), and a chemical sensor (e.g., an electronic nose, a healthcare sensor, a biometric sensor, etc.). Meanwhile, the electronic device (20) disclosed in this specification may utilize information sensed from at least two of these sensors in combination.

[0116] The output unit (24) is intended to generate output related to sight, hearing, or touch, and may include at least one of a display unit, an audio output unit, a haptic module, and an optical output unit. The display unit may form a layered structure with a touch sensor or be formed integrally to implement a touch screen. Such a touch screen functions as a user input means that provides an input interface between the augmented reality electronic device (20) and the user, and at the same time can provide an output interface between the augmented reality electronic device (20) and the user.

[0117] The interface section (25) serves as a channel for various types of external devices connected to the electronic device (20). Through the interface section (25), the electronic device (20) can receive virtual reality or augmented reality content from external devices and can perform mutual interaction by exchanging various input signals, sensing signals, and data.

[0118] For example, the interface section (25) may include at least one of a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device equipped with an identification module, an audio I / O (Input / Output) port, a video I / O (Input / Output) port, and an earphone port.

[0119] Additionally, the memory (26) stores data that supports various functions of the electronic device (20). The memory (26) can store a number of applications (application programs or applications) running on the electronic device (20), data for the operation of the electronic device (20), and instructions. At least some of these applications may be downloaded from an external server via wireless communication. Additionally, at least some of these applications may exist on the electronic device (20) from the time of shipment for the basic functions of the electronic device (20) (e.g., phone incoming and outgoing functions, message receiving and sending functions).

[0120] In addition to operations related to the application program, the control unit (27) typically controls the overall operation of the electronic device (20). The control unit (27) can process signals, data, information, etc. that are input or output through the components described above.

[0121] Additionally, the control unit (27) can control at least some of the components by running an application stored in the memory (26) to provide appropriate information to the user or process functions. Furthermore, the control unit (27) can operate at least two or more of the components included in the electronic device (20) in combination with each other to run the application.

[0122] Additionally, the control unit (27) can detect the movement of the electronic device (20) or the user by using a gyroscope sensor, gravity sensor, motion sensor, etc. included in the sensing unit (23). Alternatively, the control unit (27) can detect an object approaching the electronic device (20) or the user by using a proximity sensor, light sensor, magnetic sensor, infrared sensor, ultrasonic sensor, light sensor, etc. included in the sensing unit (23). Furthermore, the control unit (27) can also detect the user's movement through sensors provided in a controller that operates in conjunction with the electronic device (20).

[0123] In addition, the control unit (27) can perform the operation (or function) of the electronic device (20) using an application program stored in the memory (26).

[0124] The power supply unit (28) receives external power or internal power under the control of the control unit (27) and supplies power to each component included in the electronic device (20). The power supply unit (28) includes a battery, and the battery may be provided in a built-in or replaceable form.

[0125] At least some of the above components may operate in cooperation with each other to implement the operation, control, or control method of an electronic device according to various embodiments described below. Additionally, the operation, control, or control method of an electronic device may be implemented on the electronic device by running at least one application program stored in memory (26).

[0126] Hereinafter, the electronic device described as an example of the present invention is described based on an embodiment applied to a Head Mounted Display (HMD). However, embodiments of the electronic device according to the present invention may include mobile phones, smartphones, laptop computers, digital broadcasting terminals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigation systems, slate PCs, tablet PCs, ultrabooks, and wearable devices. In addition to HMDs, wearable devices may include smartwatches, contact lenses, VR / AR / MR glasses, etc.

[0127] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an augmented reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0128] As illustrated in FIG. 3, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a frame (100), a project device (200), and a display unit (300).

[0129] The electronic device may be provided as a glass type (smart glass). The glass type electronic device is configured to be wearable on the head of the human body, and may be provided with a frame (case, housing, etc.) (100) for this purpose. The frame (100) may be formed of a flexible material to facilitate wearing.

[0130] The frame (100) is supported on the head and provides a space for mounting various components. As illustrated, electronic components such as a projector (200), a user input unit (130), or an audio output unit (140) may be mounted on the frame (100). Additionally, a lens covering at least one of the left and right eyes may be detachably mounted on the frame (100).

[0131] As shown in the drawing, the frame (100) may have the form of glasses worn on the face of the user, but is not necessarily limited thereto and may have the form of goggles worn in close contact with the user's face.

[0132] Such a frame (100) may include a front frame (110) having at least one opening, and a pair of side frames (120) that extend in the y direction (in FIG. 2) intersecting the front frame (110) and are parallel to each other.

[0133] The frame (100) may have the same or different lengths in the x direction (DI) and the y direction (LI).

[0134] The projection device (200) is configured to control various electronic components equipped in an electronic device. The projection device (200) may be used interchangeably with 'light output device', 'light projection device', 'light irradiation device', 'optical device', etc.

[0135] The projection device (200) can generate an image or a continuous video of images that is displayed to the user. The projection device (200) may include an image source panel that generates an image and a plurality of lenses that diffuse and converge the light generated from the image source panel.

[0136] The project device (200) may be fixed to one of the two side frames (120). For example, the project device (200) may be fixed to the inside or outside of one of the side frames (120), or may be formed integrally by being embedded inside one of the side frames (120). Alternatively, the project device (200) may be fixed to the front frame (110) or provided separately from the electronic device.

[0137] The display unit (300) can be implemented in the form of a Head Mounted Display (HMD). An HMD form refers to a display method that is mounted on the head and displays an image directly in front of the user's eyes. In order to provide an image directly in front of the user's eyes when the user wears the electronic device, the display unit (300) may be positioned to correspond to at least one of the left eye and the right eye. In this drawing, the display unit (300) is exemplified as being located in the part corresponding to the right eye so as to output an image toward the user's right eye. However, as described above, it is not limited to this and may be positioned on both the left eye and the right eye.

[0138] The display unit (300) can allow the user to visually perceive the external environment while simultaneously displaying an image generated by the projection device (200) to the user. For example, the display unit (300) can project an image onto a display area using a prism.

[0139] And the display unit (300) may be formed to be transparent so that the projected image and the general field of view in front (the range the user looks at through their eyes) can be seen simultaneously. For example, the display unit (300) may be translucent and may be formed of an optical member including glass.

[0140] The display unit (300) may be inserted into and fixed to an opening included in the front frame (110), or positioned on the back of the opening [i.e., between the opening and the user] and fixed to the front frame (110). Although the drawing illustrates an example where the display unit (300) is positioned on the back of the opening and fixed to the front frame (110), the display unit (300) may be positioned and fixed at various locations on the frame (100).

[0141] As shown in FIG. 2, when an electronic device directs image light for an image from a projection device (200) to one side of a display unit (300), the image light is emitted to the other side through the display unit (300), thereby allowing the image generated by the projection device (200) to be shown to the user.

[0142] Accordingly, the user can view the external environment through the opening of the frame (100) while simultaneously viewing the image generated by the projection device (200). That is, the image output through the display unit (300) can be seen overlapping with the normal field of view. The electronic device can utilize these display characteristics to provide Augmented Reality (AR), which overlays a virtual image onto a real-world image or background to display it as a single image.

[0143] Furthermore, in addition to this operation, an external environment and an image generated by the projection device (200) may be provided to the user with a time difference for a short period that is not perceived by the person. For example, within a single frame, the external environment may be provided to the person in one section, and an image from the projection device (200) may be provided to the person in another section.

[0144] Alternatively, both overlap and time difference may be provided.

[0145] In addition, the projection device according to the embodiment may have a structure described below, or may be formed with a structure that further includes a waveguide and / or glass in the structure. In addition, the projection device may include a Digital Light Processing (DLP) projector or a projection device. Hereinafter, the projection device may be referred to as a projector.

[0146] The display unit below may be represented as a light guide device. The light guide device according to the embodiment may correspond to the display unit included in the augmented reality electronic device according to the embodiment.

[0147] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0148] Referring to FIG. 4, the light guide device (300) according to the embodiment may include a first substrate (310), a first input diffraction element (320), a first transfer diffraction element (330), a first output diffraction element (340), and a cover (301).

[0149] The first substrate (310) may include a plurality of surfaces. The first substrate (310) may include a first surface and a second surface. The first surface may be a surface where light is incident. Additionally, the second surface may be a surface where light is emitted. The second surface may be a surface spaced apart from the first surface. The first surface and the second surface may be parallel to each other. A first input diffraction element (320), a first transfer diffraction element (330), and a first output diffraction element (340) may be disposed on the first surface or the second surface.

[0150] The first input diffraction element (320) can serve as a path for incident light. The first input diffraction element (320) can be placed on the first substrate (310). Light can be incident from the outside through the first input diffraction element (320) to the light guide device (300) and transmitted through the first substrate (310). The first input diffraction element (320) can change the path of light by diffracting the light.

[0151] The first transfer diffraction element (330) can change the path of light. The first transfer diffraction element (330) can be placed on the first substrate (310). The first transfer diffraction element (330) can change the path of light incident through the first input diffraction element (320). The first transfer diffraction element (330) can change the path of light so that it is directed toward the first output diffraction element (340). The first transfer diffraction element (330) can change the path of light by diffracting the light.

[0152] The first emission diffraction element (340) can serve as a path for light emission. The first emission diffraction element (340) can be placed on the first substrate (310). Light can be emitted to the outside of the light guide device (300) through the first emission diffraction element (340). The first emission diffraction element (340) can receive light with a changed path from the first transmission diffraction element (330) and emit it to the outside. The first emission diffraction element (340) can change the path of the light and emit it to the outside. The first emission diffraction element (340) can change the path of the light by diffracting the light.

[0153] Additionally, the light guide device (300) may include a second substrate (350), a second input diffraction element (360), a second transfer diffraction element (370), and a second output diffraction element (380). The second input diffraction element (360), the second transfer diffraction element (370), and the second output diffraction element (380) may be disposed on the second substrate (350). The second substrate (350) may be disposed on the top of the first substrate (310). Light may reach the first substrate (310) after passing through the second substrate (350).

[0154] The cover (301) may be placed on the second substrate (350). The cover (301) may be placed on the second substrate (350) adjacent to the project device (200). Light may pass through the cover (301) and be incident on the second input diffraction element (360). The cover (301) may have the effect of protecting the interior of the light guide device (300).

[0155] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the grating pattern of a diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0156] Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the first input diffraction element (320), the first transfer diffraction element (330), and the first output diffraction element (340) may each include a grating pattern in which a plurality of protrusions are repeatedly arranged. The plurality of protrusions may have a constant width, period, and height and may be arranged on the first input diffraction element (320), the first transfer diffraction element (330), and the first output diffraction element (340). The plurality of protrusions may protrude in the direction of the optical axis on the first input diffraction element (320), the first transfer diffraction element (330), and the first output diffraction element (340). The plurality of protrusions may be spaced apart in the vector direction of the pattern containing the protrusions. Depending on the width, period, and height of the plurality of protrusions, the path of light may be changed differently after passing through the first input diffraction element (320), the first transfer diffraction element (330), and the first output diffraction element (340). The grating period of the diffraction element may be defined as the shortest distance between one side of a protrusion and one side of an adjacent protrusion. The grating period of the diffraction element may be the shortest distance between the same sides of the protrusions.

[0157] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an input diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0158] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the first input diffraction element (320) may include a plurality of first protrusions (321) protruding in the direction of the optical axis and a first thin film (322) disposed on the first protrusions (321). The direction of the optical axis may correspond to the first direction. The direction of the optical axis may be a direction perpendicular to the first substrate (310). A plurality of first protrusions (321) may protrude in the direction of the optical axis on the first input diffraction element (320). The first protrusions (321) may be disposed perpendicular to the first substrate (310). A plurality of first protrusions (321) may be disposed spaced apart at a certain distance from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the optical axis. The direction in which the plurality of first protrusions (321) are spaced apart may correspond to the direction of the vector of the first input diffraction element (320). Each of the plurality of first protrusions (321) may have a constant width (w1) in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Additionally, the plurality of first protrusions (321) may have a constant height (H1) in the direction of the optical axis. The height (H1) in the direction of the optical axis of the plurality of first protrusions (321) may be 45 nm to 55 nm. For example, the height (H1) in the direction of the optical axis of the first protrusions (321) may be 50 nm. Additionally, the plurality of first protrusions (321) may have a constant period (λ1). The period (λ1) of the first protrusions (321) may represent the grating period of the first input diffraction element (320). The period (λ1) of the first protrusions (321) may be the shortest distance between the same surface of adjacent first protrusions (321). In this case, the fill factor (F1) of the first input diffraction element (320) may be F1 = w1 / λ1. The fill factor (F1) of the first input diffraction element (320) may represent the ratio of the first protrusion (321) being filled when the first input diffraction element (320) is viewed in the direction of the optical axis. The fill factor (F1) of the first input diffraction element (320) may be 0.52 to 0.53. For example, the fill factor (F1) of the first input diffraction element (320) may be 0.525.

[0159] The first thin film (322) may be placed on the first input diffraction element (320) and the first protrusion (321). The first thin film (322) may be placed on the first input diffraction element (320) and the first protrusion (321) to cover the first input diffraction element (320) and the first protrusion (321). The first thin film (322) may be placed so as to overlap with the first input diffraction element (320) in the direction of the optical axis. The first thin film (322) may be in contact with both the upper surface and the two sides of the first protrusion (321). Additionally, the first thin film (322) may be in contact with the area of ​​the upper surface of the first input diffraction element (320) where the first protrusion (321) is not placed. The first thin film (322) may fill all the spaces between the plurality of first protrusions (321). The first thin film (322) can cover the entire upper surface of the first input diffraction element (320). The first thin film (322) may include a metal thin film. The first thin film (322) may include Ag, Al, or Au. The first input diffraction element (320) may include a first thin film (322) made of a metal material to increase the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device and improve optical performance.

[0160] The first thin film (322) may have a constant height (Hm) in the direction of the optical axis. The height (Hm) of the first thin film (322) may be a width in the direction of the optical axis from the upper surface of the first input diffraction element (320) to the upper surface of the first thin film (322). The height (Hm) of the first thin film (322) may be greater than the height (H1) of the first protrusion (321). The height (Hm) of the first thin film (322) may be 550 nm to 650 nm. For example, the height (Hm) of the first thin film (322) may be 600 nm. By forming the height (Hm) of the first thin film (322) to be 550 nm to 650 nm, the diffraction efficiency of the optical guide device can be increased and optical performance can be improved.

[0161] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transfer diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0162] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 7, the first transfer diffraction element (330) may include a plurality of second protrusions (331) protruding in the direction of the optical axis. The plurality of second protrusions (331) may protrude in the direction of the optical axis on the first transfer diffraction element (330). The second protrusions (331) may be arranged perpendicular to the first substrate (310). The plurality of second protrusions (331) may be arranged spaced apart at a certain distance in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the optical axis. The direction in which the plurality of second protrusions (331) are spaced apart may correspond to the direction of the vector of the first transfer diffraction element (330). Each of the plurality of second protrusions (331) may have a certain width (w2) in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Additionally, the plurality of second protrusions (331) may have a certain height (H2) in the direction of the optical axis. Additionally, multiple second protrusions (331) may have a constant period (λ2). The period (λ2) of the second protrusions (331) may represent the grating period of the first transfer diffraction element (330). The period (λ2) of the second protrusions (331) may represent the shortest distance between identical surfaces of adjacent second protrusions (331). In this case, the fill factor (F2) of the first transfer diffraction element (330) may be F2 = w2 / λ2. The fill factor (F2) of the first transfer diffraction element (330) may represent the ratio of the second protrusions (331) being filled when the first transfer diffraction element (330) is viewed in the direction of the optical axis. The height (H2) and fill factor (F2) of the second protrusion (331) of the first transfer diffraction element (330) may vary depending on the region of the first transfer diffraction element (330).

[0163] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an emission diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0164] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 8, the first emitting diffraction element (340) may include a plurality of third protrusions (341) protruding in the direction of the optical axis. The plurality of third protrusions (341) may protrude in the direction of the optical axis on the first emitting diffraction element (340). The plurality of third protrusions (341) may be spaced apart at a certain distance from each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the optical axis. The direction in which the plurality of third protrusions (341) are spaced apart may correspond to the direction of the vector of the first emitting diffraction element (340). Each of the plurality of third protrusions (341) may have a certain width (w3) in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Additionally, the plurality of third protrusions (341) may have a certain height (H3) in the direction of the optical axis. Furthermore, the plurality of third protrusions (341) may have a certain period (λ3). The period (λ3) of the third protrusion (341) may represent the grating period of the first emitting diffraction element (340). The period (λ3) of the third protrusion (341) may represent the shortest distance between identical surfaces of adjacent third protrusions (341). In this case, the fill factor (F3) of the first emitting diffraction element (340) may be F3 = w3 / λ3. The fill factor (F3) of the first emitting diffraction element (340) may represent the ratio of the third protrusion (341) being filled when the first emitting diffraction element (340) is viewed in the direction of the optical axis. The height (H3) and fill factor (F3) of the third protrusion (341) of the first emitting diffraction element (340) may vary depending on the region of the first emitting diffraction element (340).

[0165] Both sides of a plurality of third protrusions (341) of the first emitting diffraction element (340) may have a certain angle with respect to the optical axis direction. The third protrusion (341) may include a first side (s1), a second side (s2), and a top surface (s3). The first side (s1) and the second side (s2) may be arranged parallel to each other, forming a certain angle with respect to the optical axis direction. That is, the first side (s1) and the second side (s2) may be arranged not perpendicular to the first substrate (310). The first side (s1) and the second side (s2) may have a first angle (θ1) with respect to the optical axis direction. The top surface (s3) of the third protrusion (341) may be arranged perpendicular to the optical axis direction. The first angle (θ1) may vary depending on the region of the first emitting diffraction element (340). The first angle (θ1) may represent the slant angle of the first emitting diffraction element (340). By having both sides of the plurality of third protrusions (341) of the first emitting diffraction element (340) at a certain angle with respect to the optical axis direction, the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device can be increased and the optical performance can be improved.

[0166] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the region of a diffraction element of a light guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0167] Referring to FIG. 9, the first transfer diffraction element (330) of the light guide device (300) may include first to eighth regions (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first to eighth regions (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) may be a plurality of regions distinguished by the first transfer diffraction element (330). The first to eighth regions (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first to eighth regions (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) may be sequentially arranged in a direction away from the first input diffraction element (320) from a position adjacent to the first input diffraction element (320). The first region (a1) may be the region closest to the first input diffraction element (320). Additionally, the eighth region (a8) may be the region furthest from the first input diffraction element (320).

[0168] The height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the eighth region (a8) may be greater than the height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the first region to the seventh region (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7). The height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the eighth region (a8) may be 319 nm to 321 nm, and the height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the first region to the seventh region (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7) may be 30 nm to 60 nm. By positioning the height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the eighth region (a8) to be greater than the height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the first region to the seventh region (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7), the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device can be increased and optical performance can be improved.

[0169] The fill factor of the seventh region (a7) may be smaller than the fill factor of the first to sixth regions and the eighth region (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a8). The fill factor of the seventh region (a7) may be 0.32 to 0.35, and the fill factor of the first to sixth regions and the eighth region (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a8) may be 0.55 to 0.775. Additionally, the fill factors of the first to fourth regions (a1, a2, a3, a4) may be the same as each other. By making the fill factor of the seventh region (a7) smaller than the fill factor of the first to sixth regions and the eighth region (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a8), the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device can be increased and optical performance can be improved.

[0170] Table 1 shows the height (H2) and fill factor (F2) in the first direction of the second protrusion of each region of the first transfer diffraction element.

[0171] H2(nm)F2a130a10.775a240a20.775a340a30.775a450a40.775a530a50.675a660a60.775a730a70.325a8320a80.55

[0172] The first emitting diffraction element (340) of the light guide device (300) may include ninth to fourteenth regions (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14) arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The ninth to fourteenth regions (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14) may be multiple regions distinguished by the first emitting diffraction element (340). The ninth to fourteenth regions (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14) may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Regions 9 through 14 (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14) may be sequentially arranged in a direction away from the first input diffraction element (320) and the first transfer diffraction element (330), starting from a location adjacent to the first input diffraction element (320) and the first transfer diffraction element (330). Region 9 (a9) may be the region closest to the first input diffraction element (320) and the first transfer diffraction element (330). Additionally, Region 14 (a14) may be the region furthest apart from the first input diffraction element (320) and the first transfer diffraction element (330).

[0173] The height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 13th region (a13) and the 14th region (a14) may be greater than the height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 9th to 12th regions (a9, a10, a11, a12). The height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 13th region (a13) may be 319 nm to 321 nm, the height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 14th region (a14) may be 269 nm to 271 nm, and the height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 9th to 12th regions (a9, a10, a11, a12) may be 30 nm to 40 nm. The height in the first direction of the third protrusion of the 13th region (a13) and the 14th region (a14) is greater than the height in the first direction of the third protrusion of the 9th to 12th regions (a9, a10, a11, a12), thereby increasing the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device and improving optical performance.

[0174] The fill factor of the 13th region (a13) may be smaller than the fill factor of the 9th to 12th regions and the 14th region (a9, a10, a11, a12, a14). The fill factor of the 13th region (a13) may be 0.19 to 0.21, and the fill factor of the 9th to 12th regions and the 14th region (a9, a10, a11, a12, a14) may be 0.575 to 0.775. Additionally, the fill factors of the 9th region (a9) and the 10th region (a10) may be the same. By making the fill factor of the 13th region (a13) smaller than the fill factor of the 9th to 12th regions and the 14th region (a9, a10, a11, a12, a14), the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device can be increased and optical performance can be improved.

[0175] The first angle of the 14th region (a14) may be smaller than the first angle of the 9th to 13th regions (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13). The first angle of the 14th region (a14) may be -14.9˚ to -15.1˚, and the first angle of the 9th to 13th regions (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13) may be -37.4˚ to -37.6˚. Additionally, the first angles of the 9th to 13th regions (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13) may be the same as each other. The first angle may have a negative sign when formed in the direction in which light diffracts and propagates relative to the first direction, and may have a positive sign when formed in the opposite direction to the direction in which light diffracts and propagates relative to the first direction. The first angle of the 14th region (a14) is smaller than the first angle of the 9th region to the 13th region (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13), thereby increasing the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device and improving optical performance.

[0176] Table 2 shows the height (H3), fill factor (F3), and first angle (θ1) in the first direction of the third protrusion of each region of the first emitting diffraction element.

[0177] H3(nm)F3θ1(˚)a930a90.775a9-37.5a1040a100.775a10-37.5a1130a110.475a1 1-37.5a1240a120.675a12-37.5a13320a130.2a13-37.5a14270a140.575a14-15

[0178] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the region of a diffraction element of a light guide device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0179] Referring to FIG. 10, the first transfer diffraction element (330) may include 15 to 18 regions (a15, a16, a17, a18) arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0180] Regions 15 through 18 (a15, a16, a17, a18) may be multiple regions distinguishing the first transmission diffraction element (330). Regions 15 through 18 (a15, a16, a17, a18) may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Regions 15 through 18 (a15, a16, a17, a18) may be arranged sequentially from a position spaced apart from the first emission diffraction element (340) in a direction approaching the first emission diffraction element (340). Region 15 (a15) may be the region spaced furthest from the first emission diffraction element (340). Additionally, Region 18 (a18) may be the region closest to the first emission diffraction element (340).

[0181] The average height in the first direction of the second protrusion of the 18th region (a18) may be smaller than the average height in the first direction of the second protrusion of the 15th region to the 17th region (a15, 16, 17). The average height in the first direction of the second protrusion of the 18th region (a18) may be 75 nm to 76 nm, and the average height in the first direction of the second protrusion of the 15th region to the 17th region (a15, 16, 17) may be 124 nm to 126 nm, 119 nm to 120 nm, and 159 nm to 161 nm, respectively. By making the average height in the first direction of the second protrusion of the 18th region (a18) smaller than the average height in the first direction of the second protrusion of the 15th region to the 17th region (a15, 16, 17), the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device can be increased and optical performance can be improved.

[0182] Table 3 shows the height (H2) in the first direction of the second protrusion of each region of the first transfer diffraction element.

[0183] a15 Example 1 (nm) Example 2 (nm) 15-130 40 15-240 50 15-330 30 15-470 70 15-5330 290 15-630 100 15-7230 330 15-880 250 a16 Example 1 Example 2 16-130 250 16-230 30 16-380 80 16-430 30 16-530 30 16-6380 380 16-7250 220 16- 83030a17 Example 1 Example 2 17-13029017-2606017-3303017-4606017-5706017-630031017-733031017-8250310a18 Example 1 Example 2 18-13034018-2303018-3303018-4303018-5304018-69010018-7303018-840300

[0184] Table 4 shows the fill factor (F2) of each region of the first transfer diffraction element.

[0185] a15 Example 1 Example 2 15-180.0%77.5%15-280.0%75.0%15-380.0%57.5%15-470.0%75.0%15-552.5%50.0%15-622.5%50.0%15-722.5%40.0%15-820.0%45.0%a16 Example 1 Example 2 16-180.0%55.0%16-220.0%25.0%16-380.0%80.0%16-420.0%22.5%16-567.5%65.0%16-670.0%70.0%16-750.0%30.0%16-820.0%25.0% a17 Example 1 Example 2 17-180.0%70.0%17-280.0%80.0%17-380.0%80.0%17-480.0%77.5%17-580.0%77.5%17-665.0%65.0%17-755.0%57.5%17-850.0%60.0% a18 Example 1 Example 2 18-120.0%42.5%18-280.0%20.0%18-320.0%80.0%18-420.0%20.0%18-580.0%77.5%18-680.0%80.0%18-780.0%65.0%18-880.0%42.5%

[0186] Tables 3 and 4 represent two embodiments (Example 1 and Example 2) and show the values ​​for eight regions separated by each region (regions 15 through 18 (a15, a16, a17, a18)). For example, 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4, 15-5, 15-6, 15-7, and 15-8 may each be regions sequentially arranged from a position adjacent to the first input diffraction element (320) in the 15th region to a direction away from the first input diffraction element. That is, 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4, 15-5, 15-6, 15-7, and 15-8 may refer to regions that overlap with regions 1 through 8 (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8) in FIG. 9 among the 15 regions. Additionally, for example, the average height in the first direction of the second protrusions of the 15 regions may refer to the average height in the first direction of the second protrusions of 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4, 15-5, 15-6, 15-7, and 15-8. The same may be applied to regions 16 through 18 (a16, a17, a18).

[0187] The first emitting diffraction element (340) may include 19 to 23 regions (a19, a20, a21, a22, a23) arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The 19 to 23 regions (a19, a20, a21, a22, a23) may be multiple regions that distinguish the first emitting diffraction element (340). The 19 to 23 regions (a19, a20, a21, a22, a23) may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The arrangement direction of the 19 to 23 regions (a19, a20, a21, a22, a23) may be perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the 9 to 14 regions (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14) in FIG. 9. That is, regions 19 through 23 (a19, a20, a21, a22, a23) can be distinguished and arranged to intersect regions 9 through 14 (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14). Region 19 (a19) can be placed at the very bottom. That is, region 19 (a19) can be the region closest to region 7 (a7) of the first transfer diffraction element (330) in FIG. 9. Region 23 (a23) can be placed at the very top. That is, region 23 (a23) can be the region furthest apart from region 7 (a7) of the first transfer diffraction element (330) in FIG. 9.

[0188] Table 5 shows the height (H3) in the first direction of the third protrusion of each region of the first emission diffraction element.

[0189] a19 Example 1 (nm) Example 2 (nm) 19-1304019-2303019-3303019-4303019-512030019-6380240 a20 Example 1 Example 2 20-1303020-2304020-3705020-4405020-534030020-6370330 a21 Example 1 Example 2 21-1506021-23090 21-3407021-4703021-53609021-6300140a22 Example 1 Example 2 22-1407022-2405022-3405022-4404022-534032022-6370370a23 Example 1 Example 2 23-13012023-24012023-3403023-4503023-534035023-630380

[0190] The average fill factor of the 23rd region (a23) may be smaller than the average fill factor of the 19th to 22nd regions (a19, a20, a21, a22). The average fill factor of the 23rd region (a23) may be 0.40 to 0.42, and the average fill factor of the 19th to 22nd regions (a19, a20, a21, a22) may be 0.5 to 0.6. By having the average fill factor of the 23rd region (a23) smaller than the average fill factor of the 19th to 22nd regions (a19, a20, a21, a22), the diffraction efficiency of the light guide device can be increased and optical performance can be improved.

[0191] Table 6 shows the fill factor (F3) of each region of the first emitting diffraction element.

[0192] a19 Example 1 Example 2 19-10.80.75 19-20.45 0.65 19-30.50.575 19-40.50.219-50.275 0.225 19-60.60.625 a20 Example 1 Example 2 20-10.80.820-20.80.820-30.80.820-40.425 0.420-50.225 0.225 20-60.60.375 a21 Example 1 Example 2 21-10.80.775 21-20.80.821-30.3750 .2521-40.7750.72521-50.20.221-60.5250.5a22 Example 1 Example 2 22-10.80.6522-20.7250.722-30.450.32522-40.60.822-50.20.222-60.3250.4a23 Example 1 Example 2 23-10.2250.67523-20.7750.7523-30.20.223-40.2250.52523-50.2750.5523-60.20.35

[0193] Table 7 shows the first angle (θ1) of each region of the first emitting diffraction element.

[0194] a19 Example 1(˚) Example 2(˚) 19-1-37.5 7.5 19-2-37.5-37.5 19-3-37.5-37.5 19-40-37.5 19-5-37.5-37.5 19-6-15-30 a20 Example 1 Example 2 20-1-37.5-37.5 20-2-37.5-37.5 20-3-37.5-30 20-4-37.5-37.5 20-5-37.5-37.5 20-6-150 a21 Example 1 Example 2 21-1-37.5-15 21-2-37.5-37.5 21-3- 37.5-7.521-4-37.5-37.521-5-37.5-37.521-6-157.5a22 Example 1 Example 2 22-1-37.5-22.522-2-37.5-37.522-3-37.5-7.522-4-37.5-37.522-5-37.5-37.522-6-30-22.5a23 Example 1 Example 2 23-1-37.57.523-2-37.5-37.523-3-37.5-37.523-40023-5-37.5-22.523-6-37.5-15

[0195] Tables 5 to 7 represent two embodiments (Example 1, Example 2) and show the values ​​for six regions separated by each region (regions 19 to 23 (a19, a20, a21, a22, a23)). For example, 19-1, 19-2, 19-3, 19-4, 19-5, and 19-6 may each be regions sequentially arranged from a position adjacent to the first input diffraction element (320) and the first transfer diffraction element (330) in the 19th region, in a direction away from the first input diffraction element (320) and the first transfer diffraction element (330). That is, 19-1, 19-2, 19-3, 19-4, 19-5, and 19-6 may refer to regions that overlap with regions 9 through 14 (a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, a14) in FIG. 9 among the 19 regions. Additionally, for example, the average height in the first direction of the third protrusion of the 19 region may refer to the average height in the first direction of the second protrusion of 19-1, 19-2, 19-3, 19-4, 19-5, and 19-6. The same may be applied to regions 20 through 23 (a20, a21, a22, a23).

[0196] Although the invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, this is merely illustrative and does not limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and applications not exemplified above are possible within the scope of the essential characteristics of the embodiments. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiments may be modified and implemented. Furthermore, differences related to such modifications and applications should be interpreted as being included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. First substrate; and A first input diffraction element disposed on the first substrate and into which light is sequentially incident, It includes a first transfer diffraction element and a first emission diffraction element, and The first input diffraction element comprises a plurality of first protrusions protruding in a first direction perpendicular to the first substrate and a first thin film disposed on the first input diffraction element and the first protrusions, and The first transfer diffraction element includes a plurality of second protrusions protruding in the first direction, and The above-mentioned first emitting diffraction element includes a plurality of third protrusions protruding in the first direction, and the side of the third protrusion forms a first angle with the first direction, forming a light guide device.

2. In Paragraph 1, The first transfer diffraction element includes a first to eighth region sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and The above first to eighth regions are optical guide devices arranged sequentially in a direction away from the first input diffraction element, starting from the position closest to the first input diffraction element.

3. In Paragraph 2, A light guide device in which the height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the eighth region is greater than the height of the second protrusion in the first direction of the first region to the seventh region.

4. In Paragraph 2, A light guide device in which the fill factor of the 7th region is smaller than the fill factor of the 1st to 6th regions and the 8th region.

5. In Paragraph 4, The fill factor of the first to fourth regions is the same as that of the light guide device.

6. In Paragraph 1, The above-mentioned first emission diffraction element includes ninth to fourteenth regions sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and The above 9th to 14th regions are optical guide devices arranged sequentially in a direction away from the first input diffraction element and the first transfer diffraction element, starting from the position closest to the first input diffraction element and the first transfer diffraction element.

7. In Paragraph 6, A light guide device in which the height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 13th region and the 14th region is greater than the height of the third protrusion in the first direction of the 9th to 12th regions.

8. In Paragraph 6, A light guide device in which the fill factor of the 13th region is smaller than the fill factor of the 9th to 12th regions and the 14th region.

9. In Paragraph 8, The fill factor of the 9th region and the 10th region is the same as that of the light guide device.

10. In Paragraph 6, A light guide device in which the first angle of the 14th region is smaller than the first angle of the 9th to 13th regions.

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