Battery discharge apparatus, energy storage apparatus and battery discharge method

Abstract

The present application relates to a battery discharge apparatus, an energy storage apparatus and a battery discharge method. The battery discharge apparatus comprises a discharge circuit, wherein the discharge circuit comprises a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal, which are configured to be coupled to a battery; and the discharge circuit is configured to discharge the battery, wherein the impedance of the discharge circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold value and less than a second preset impedance threshold value. By means of the present application, the service life of the battery can be prolonged.

Description

Battery discharge device, energy storage device and battery discharge method Related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2024119736171, filed on December 28, 2024, entitled "Battery Discharge Device, Energy Storage Device and Battery Discharge Method", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of energy storage device technology, specifically to a battery discharge device, an energy storage device, and a battery discharge method. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries have become a very important energy storage device. Currently, between the time batteries roll off the production line and when they are put into use, they are usually stored in warehouses or during transportation. Some types of batteries experience a significant reduction in lifespan after prolonged periods of inactivity.

[0004] Therefore, how to extend battery life has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery discharge device, an energy storage device, and a battery discharge method, which can extend the service life of the energy storage device.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery discharge device, which includes a discharge circuit, the discharge circuit including a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal; the positive coupling terminal and the negative coupling terminal are used to couple with a battery; the discharge circuit is used to discharge the battery, wherein the impedance of the discharge circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold.

[0007] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery is discharged through a discharge circuit, so that the battery is converted from a static state to a micro-discharge operating state. The impedance is high and the discharge time is long, which reduces the number of discharge cycles and extends the storage time, thereby reducing the rate of battery life decay and extending the battery life.

[0008] In some embodiments, the discharge circuit includes a discharge switch and a power-consuming circuit; the discharge switch is used to control the switching state of the power-consuming circuit. This application embodiment uses a discharge switch to control whether the power-consuming circuit discharges the battery, which is a simple control method and can improve control efficiency and discharge efficiency.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery discharge device further includes a discharge controller, and the discharge switch is a controllable switch; the control terminal of the controllable switch is connected to the discharge controller, the first terminal of the controllable switch is a positive coupling terminal, and the second terminal of the controllable switch is connected to the first terminal of the power-consuming circuit; the second terminal of the power-consuming circuit is a negative coupling terminal; the controllable switch is used to connect the battery and the power-consuming circuit in parallel when controlled to close, so as to discharge the battery through the power-consuming circuit. In the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the power-consuming circuit and the battery can be connected in parallel by controlling the closing of the controllable switch to achieve the effect of discharging the battery. The circuit structure is simple, and the control method is easy to implement, which not only helps to extend the battery life, but also has a low implementation cost.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power-consuming circuit includes a power-consuming resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of a controllable switch, and the second end of the power-consuming resistor is a negative coupling terminal. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery can be discharged using a power-consuming resistor. The circuit structure is simple, the implementation cost is low, and the resistor is a common circuit component that is easily reused.

[0011] In some embodiments, the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor is negatively correlated with at least one of the battery's nominal capacity, maximum discharge rate, and minimum discharge rate, and / or the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor is positively correlated with the battery's voltage. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, determining the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor provides a basis for selecting the power-consuming resistor, ensuring that the selected power-consuming resistor neither introduces storage time and shortens battery life, nor consumes excessive power and causes problems such as over-discharge or insufficient remaining battery power.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power-consuming resistor is a variable resistor. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the resistance value of the power-consuming resistor is adjustable, which can adjust the discharge rate and make the discharge treatment of the power-consuming resistor more suitable for the battery.

[0013] In some embodiments, there are two or more controllable switches and power-consuming resistors, with at least two power-consuming resistors having their switching states controlled by different controllable switches. In the technical solutions of this application, by expanding the controllable switches and power-consuming resistors, discharge circuits with different topologies are realized, enabling precise adjustment of the discharge rate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the controllable switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and multiple power-consuming resistors are provided. The single-pole multi-throw switch is used to controllably connect a target battery among multiple batteries in parallel with a target resistor among multiple power-consuming resistors, so as to discharge the target battery through the target resistor. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by using a single-pole multi-throw switch and multiple power-consuming resistors, discharge circuits with different topologies are realized, and the discharge rate can be precisely adjusted.

[0015] In some embodiments, the discharge controller is further configured to control the controllable switch to open based on the battery's state of charge, thereby stopping the discharge of the battery. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the discharge controller controls the controllable switch to open based on the battery's state of charge, thereby stopping the discharge of the battery and reducing the problems of over-discharge or insufficient remaining battery power.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery and a battery discharge device connected to each other; the battery discharge device is used to discharge the battery; wherein the power consumption of the discharge device per unit time is lower than a preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

[0017] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage device discharges the battery through a battery discharge device, which can convert the non-operating battery in the energy storage device from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the rate of battery life decay and extending the battery life and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery is an alkali metal battery. In the technical solutions of this application, the alkali metal battery, prepared through a special process, can operate at higher ambient temperatures, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and thus reducing the energy storage device's losses.

[0019] In some embodiments, the formation temperature of the battery is not less than 25°C. In the technical solutions of this application embodiment, a special formation process allows the battery to operate at a higher ambient temperature, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and thus reducing the loss of the energy storage device.

[0020] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component; the energy storage controller is connected to both the battery discharge device and the signal acquisition component; the signal acquisition component is used to acquire signals from the battery to obtain battery data; the energy storage controller is used to control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery based on the battery data. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage controller can control the switching state of the battery cluster, thereby determining whether the battery needs to be discharged. Furthermore, the energy storage controller can control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery, thereby converting the battery disconnected from the main power transmission line from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the battery's lifespan degradation rate and extending the battery's lifespan and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0021] Thirdly, this application also provides a battery discharge method, which includes: discharging the battery of an energy storage device in response to a discharge trigger signal, wherein the power consumption of the discharge device per unit time is lower than a first preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

[0022] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, after the target battery cluster is disconnected from the main power transmission line, it becomes stationary. In this case, the target battery cluster is discharged by a battery discharge device, so that the target battery cluster is converted from a stationary state to an operating state. This can reduce the rate of battery life decay in the target battery cluster, thereby extending the battery life and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0023] In some embodiments, discharging the battery of the energy storage device in response to a trigger signal includes: controlling the controllable switch of the battery discharge device to close in response to a discharge control signal sent by the energy storage controller of the energy storage device, and discharging the battery through the power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the effect of discharging the target battery can be achieved simply by controlling the closing of the controllable switch. The control method is easy to implement, which not only helps to extend the service life of the energy storage device but also has low implementation cost.

[0024] In some embodiments, the method further includes: performing equalization processing on target battery clusters in the energy storage device in response to an equalization trigger signal, wherein the equalization trigger signal is obtained after determining the target battery clusters to be equalized based on the cluster state of charge of each battery cluster in the energy storage device. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, equalization processing of battery clusters can reduce the difference in state of charge between battery clusters, improve the consistency of state of charge, reduce the risk of current imbalance between battery clusters, and improve the safety and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method further includes: responding to a stop signal; the stop signal is obtained after determining that the state-of-charge difference among multiple battery clusters is less than a preset charge threshold. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the cluster charge state consistency among battery clusters is good, the equalization process is stopped, allowing the energy storage device to maintain a high charge level and provide support for power supply to the external power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the alternative embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a third schematic diagram of the structure of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 8 is a second structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 9 is a third structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switching component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 11 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 12 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 13 is an internal structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] Battery discharge device 10 Discharge circuit 11 Battery B discharge switch 111 Power consumption circuit 112

[0042] Controllable switch Kf power consumption resistor Rf main power transmission line 20 switching components 30 inverter PCS

[0043] Transformer DC-DC power module 31 bypass switch Kp battery cluster 40 switch K1

[0044] Switch K2, Switch K3, Precharge resistor Ry, Fuse1, Fuse2. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0048] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries have become a very important energy storage device. Currently, between the time batteries roll off the production line and when they are put into use, they are usually stored in warehouses or during transportation. Some types of batteries experience a significant reduction in lifespan after prolonged periods of inactivity.

[0053] In some scenarios, energy storage devices composed of room-temperature cells typically require a high-power cooling system to ensure the cells operate at room temperature, resulting in significant energy losses and low cycle efficiency. To address this issue, high-temperature cells are used. Because high-temperature cells can withstand high temperatures, the cooling system does not need to output high power to cool the cells, thus reducing the cooling system's power and consequently decreasing energy losses. However, the storage life of high-temperature cells is generally shorter than that of room-temperature cells, leading to a reduced service life of the energy storage device.

[0054] Against this backdrop, through long-term model simulation research and development, as well as the collection, demonstration, and verification of experimental data, the applicant discovered that battery life includes both resting life and operational life. Furthermore, for some battery types, the lifespan degradation rate is faster in the resting state than in the operational state. Based on these findings, if high-temperature battery cells are in a resting state, converting them to an operational state can reduce the rate of lifespan degradation, thereby extending the lifespan of the high-temperature battery cells and, consequently, the service life of energy storage devices composed of high-temperature battery cells.

[0055] Based on the above concept, this application provides a battery discharge device, which includes a discharge circuit with a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal. The positive and negative coupling terminals are used to couple with a battery. The discharge circuit is used to discharge the battery, wherein the impedance of the discharge circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold. In the technical solution of this application, the battery is discharged through the discharge circuit, causing the battery to transition from a static state to a micro-discharge operating state. The high impedance and long discharge time reduce the number of discharge cycles, extend storage time, and thus reduce the rate of battery life degradation, thereby extending the lifespan of the battery cell.

[0056] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG1, a battery discharge device is provided. The battery discharge device 10 includes a discharge circuit 11, which includes a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal; the positive coupling terminal and the negative coupling terminal are used to couple with a battery B; the discharge circuit 11 is used to discharge the battery B, wherein the impedance of the discharge circuit 11 is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold.

[0057] In this embodiment, the battery discharge device 10 includes a discharge circuit 11. The positive coupling terminal of the discharge circuit 11 is coupled to the positive terminal of the battery B, and the negative coupling terminal of the discharge circuit 11 is coupled to the negative terminal of the battery B. The battery B can be a battery stored in a warehouse or a battery in an energy storage device.

[0058] Since the lifespan of battery B decays faster when it is at rest than when it is in operation, it is necessary to discharge battery B when it is at rest.

[0059] In some embodiments, the battery discharge device 10 may further include a triggering device, to which the user inputs a triggering operation, and the battery discharge device 10 obtains a triggering signal according to the triggering operation; the discharge circuit 11 discharges the battery B in response to the triggering signal.

[0060] In other embodiments, the battery discharge device 10 may further include a control chip, which detects the state of the battery B and sends a trigger signal to the discharge circuit 11 based on the detection result; the discharge circuit 11 discharges the battery B in response to the trigger signal.

[0061] It should be noted that the triggering method for discharge processing is not limited to the above example and can be set according to the actual situation.

[0062] The impedance of the discharge circuit 11 is within a preset impedance range. In some embodiments, the impedance of the discharge circuit 11 is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold. The first preset impedance threshold is the minimum equivalent impedance of the discharge circuit 11, and the second preset impedance threshold is the maximum equivalent impedance of the discharge circuit 11. With a fixed battery voltage, the first preset impedance threshold limits the maximum discharge current of the discharge circuit 11 and the maximum discharge amount per unit time, preventing over-discharge or insufficient battery capacity. Similarly, the second preset impedance threshold limits the minimum discharge current and the minimum discharge amount per unit time of the discharge circuit 11. Understandably, if the discharge rate per unit time is too low, the battery cannot transition from a static state to an operational state, and the effect of discharging the battery and extending its lifespan is negligible.

[0063] Therefore, by setting the first preset impedance threshold and the second preset impedance threshold, the magnitude of the discharge current can be controlled to avoid the discharge current being too small to achieve the preset discharge effect; and the discharge amount can be controlled to avoid excessive discharge leading to over-discharge of the battery or insufficient remaining power.

[0064] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device includes a discharge circuit, which includes a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal; the positive coupling terminal and the negative coupling terminal are used to couple with the battery; the discharge circuit discharges the battery. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by discharging the battery through the discharge circuit, the battery is converted from a static state to an operating state, which can reduce the rate of battery life degradation and thus extend the battery life.

[0065] In some embodiments, referring to FIG2, the discharge circuit 11 includes a discharge switch 111 and a power consumption circuit 112; the discharge switch 111 is used to control the switching state of the power consumption circuit 112.

[0066] In this embodiment, the discharge circuit 11 includes a discharge switch 111 and a power-consuming circuit 112. In some embodiments, the discharge switch 111 is connected to a triggering device, and the user inputs a triggering operation to the triggering device. This triggering operation can control the discharge switch 111 to close or open. In some embodiments, the discharge switch 111 can be connected to a logic circuit, automatically closing or opening the discharge switch when triggering other target switches or detecting that the current / voltage meets a predetermined range. After the discharge switch 111 is closed, the power-consuming circuit 112 is switched to the engaged state, that is, the power-consuming circuit 112 forms a discharge circuit with the battery B, and the battery B is discharged through the power-consuming circuit 112. After the discharge switch 111 is opened, the power-consuming circuit 112 is switched to the disengaged state, that is, the connection between the power-consuming circuit 112 and the battery B is disconnected.

[0067] In another embodiment, the battery discharge device 10 may further include a state detection circuit, which is implemented using analog circuitry to detect the state of the battery. A discharge switch 111 is connected to the state detection circuit, and the state detection circuit controls the discharge switch 111 to close or open based on the detected battery state, thereby controlling the switching state of the power-consuming circuit 112.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the discharge circuit includes a discharge switch and a power consumption circuit; the discharge switch is used to control the switching state of the power consumption circuit. This embodiment uses a discharge switch to control whether the power consumption circuit discharges the battery, resulting in a simple control method that improves both control and discharge efficiency.

[0069] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG3, the battery discharge device 10 further includes a discharge controller, and the discharge switch 111 is a controllable switch Kf; the control terminal of the controllable switch Kf is connected to the discharge controller, the first terminal of the controllable switch Kf is a positive coupling terminal, and the second terminal of the controllable switch Kf is connected to the first terminal of the power consumption circuit 112; the second terminal of the power consumption circuit 112 is a negative coupling terminal; the controllable switch Kf is used to connect the battery B in parallel with the power consumption circuit 112 under controlled closure, so as to discharge the battery B through the power consumption circuit 112. It should be noted that the discharge controller and its connection relationship are not shown in the figure.

[0070] In this embodiment, the discharge circuit 11 includes a controllable switch Kf and a power-consuming circuit 112. The controllable switch Kf and the power-consuming circuit 112 are connected in series to form a series branch, which is connected in parallel with the battery B.

[0071] When battery B needs to be discharged, the discharge controller sends a first control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf closes according to the first control signal, connecting the power-consuming circuit 112 in parallel with battery B. The power-consuming circuit 112 and battery B form a discharge circuit, meaning that battery B is discharged through the power-consuming circuit 112. In this way, battery B transitions from a static state to an operating state. Compared to the static state, the lifespan of battery B degrades more slowly in the operating state, thus extending its lifespan.

[0072] When battery B does not need to be discharged, the discharge controller sends a second control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf disconnects according to the second control signal, breaking the electrical connection between the power-consuming circuit 112 and the battery, thus stopping the battery discharge process.

[0073] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device further includes a discharge controller, and the discharge switch is a controllable switch. When the controllable switch is closed under control, the battery and the power-consuming circuit are connected in parallel to discharge the battery through the power-consuming circuit. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the power-consuming circuit and the battery can be connected in parallel by controlling the controllable switch to achieve the effect of discharging the battery. The circuit structure is simple, and the control method is easy to implement, which not only helps to extend the battery life, but also has a low implementation cost.

[0074] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG4, the power consumption circuit 112 includes a power consumption resistor Rf, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the controllable switch Kf, and the second end of the power consumption resistor Rf is a negative coupling terminal.

[0075] In this embodiment of the application, the power consumption circuit 112 may include a power consumption resistor Rf, the first end of which is connected to a controllable switch Kf, and the second end of which is connected to the negative terminal of the battery B.

[0076] When the battery needs to be discharged, the discharge controller sends a first control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf closes according to the first control signal, connecting the power-consuming resistor Rf in parallel with battery B. The power-consuming resistor Rf and battery B form a discharge circuit, and battery B is discharged through the power-consuming resistor Rf.

[0077] When the battery does not need to be discharged, the discharge controller sends a second control signal to the controllable switch Kf. The controllable switch Kf disconnects according to the second control signal, breaking the electrical connection between the power-consuming resistor Rf and battery B, thus stopping the battery discharge process.

[0078] In the above embodiments, the power-consuming circuit includes a power-consuming resistor, which can achieve the effect of discharging the battery. The circuit structure is simple, the implementation cost is low, and the resistor is a common component in circuits and is easy to reuse.

[0079] According to some embodiments of this application, the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor Rf is negatively correlated with at least one of the nominal capacity, maximum discharge rate, and minimum discharge rate of battery B, and / or the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor Rf is positively correlated with the voltage of battery B.

[0080] In this embodiment, when discharging through the power-consuming resistor Rf, if the discharge rate is less than 0.1P, it may introduce storage time, negatively impacting the lifespan of battery B and shortening its lifespan. Therefore, the minimum discharge rate can be set to 0.1P. The maximum value of the power-consuming resistor Rf can be determined based on the nominal capacity of battery B and the minimum discharge rate, as shown in formula (1):

[0081] Rmax=U / (n*0.1*a)--------------------------(1)

[0082] Where Rmax is the maximum value of the power-consuming resistor Rf; U is the voltage applied across the power-consuming resistor Rf; n is the number of batteries or battery clusters connected in parallel with the power-consuming resistor Rf. For example, if the energy storage device includes 7 battery clusters, then n is 7; a is the nominal capacity of battery B. n*0.1*a can be used to obtain the minimum discharge current of n battery clusters connected in parallel.

[0083] When battery B discharges through the power-consuming resistor Rf, the discharge rate should not be too high, otherwise it will consume power and cause problems such as over-discharge or insufficient power. Therefore, the maximum discharge rate can be set according to the situation, and the minimum value of the power-consuming resistor Rf can be determined according to the nominal capacity of battery B and the maximum discharge rate, as shown in formula (2):

[0084] Rmin=U / (n*x*a)--------------------------(2)

[0085] Where Rmin is the minimum value of the power-consuming resistor Rf; U is the voltage applied across the power-consuming resistor Rf; n is the number of batteries or battery clusters connected in parallel with the power-consuming resistor; x is the maximum discharge rate; and a is the nominal capacity of the battery. n*x*a gives the maximum discharge current of n battery clusters connected in parallel.

[0086] The resistance range of the power-consuming resistor Rf can be determined based on its maximum and minimum values. When constructing the power-consuming circuit 112, the components can be selected based on the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor Rf.

[0087] According to formulas (1) and (2), the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor Rf is negatively correlated with at least one of the determination of the battery's nominal capacity, maximum discharge rate, and minimum discharge rate, and / or the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor Rf is positively correlated with the battery's voltage.

[0088] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor is determined, which provides a basis for selecting the power-consuming resistor. This ensures that the selected power-consuming resistor will not introduce storage time and shorten the battery life, nor will it consume too much power and cause problems such as over-discharge or insufficient remaining power.

[0089] In some embodiments, the power-consuming resistor Rf is a variable resistor.

[0090] In this embodiment, the power-consuming resistor Rf is a variable resistor, meaning that the resistance value can be arbitrarily adjusted within a certain range according to actual needs. By adjusting the resistance value of the power-consuming resistor Rf, parameters such as discharge current, discharge voltage, and discharge power can be adjusted, thereby precisely adjusting the discharge rate.

[0091] In some embodiments, the variable resistor may be of various types, such as potentiometer, rotary resistor, linear resistor, varistor variable resistor, and photosensitive variable resistor.

[0092] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the resistance value of the power-consuming resistor is adjustable, which can adjust the discharge rate and make the discharge treatment of the power-consuming resistor more suitable for the battery.

[0093] In some embodiments, there are two or more controllable switches and power-consuming resistors, and at least two power-consuming resistors are controlled by different controllable switches to switch on / off states.

[0094] Referring to Figure 5, taking the discharge circuit 11, which includes two controllable switches Kf1 and Kf2 and two power-consuming resistors Rf1 and Rf2, as an example, controllable switch Kf1 is connected to power-consuming resistor Rf1, and controllable switch Kf2 is connected to power-consuming resistor Rf2. The discharge controller is connected to the control terminals of the two controllable switches Kf1 and Kf2 respectively. It should be noted that the discharge controller and its connection relationship are not shown in the figure.

[0095] The discharge controller can, based on actual conditions, control at least one controllable switch to close, connecting the corresponding power-consuming resistor of the closed controllable switch in parallel with battery B to form a discharge circuit, thereby discharging battery B. For example, the discharge controller can control controllable switch Kf1 to close, connecting power-consuming resistor Rf1 in parallel with battery B; or, the discharge controller can control controllable switch Kf2 to close, connecting power-consuming resistor Rf2 in parallel with battery B; or, the discharge controller can control both controllable switches Kf1 and Kf2 to close, connecting both power-consuming resistors Rf1 and Rf2 in parallel with battery B.

[0096] Understandably, the two power-consuming resistors have different resistance values, forming different discharge circuits with the battery. The magnitude of the discharge current and the discharge rate are different in different discharge circuits.

[0097] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by expanding the controllable switch and power-consuming resistor, discharge circuits with different topologies are realized, which can achieve precise adjustment of the discharge rate.

[0098] In some embodiments, referring to FIG6, the controllable switch Kf is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and multiple power-consuming resistors Rf are provided; the single-pole multi-throw switch is used to controllably connect the battery B in parallel with the target resistor among the multiple power-consuming resistors, so as to discharge the battery B through the target resistor.

[0099] In this embodiment, the controllable switch is a single-pole multi-throw (SPMD) switch. The moving end of the SPMD switch serves as the positive coupling terminal of the discharge circuit 11, and the multiple stationary ends of the SPMD switch are respectively connected to the first terminals of multiple power-consuming resistors. The second terminals of the multiple power-consuming resistors all serve as the negative coupling terminals of the discharge circuit 11. Thus, the positive coupling terminal of the discharge circuit 11 is connected to the positive terminal of battery B, and the multiple negative coupling terminals of the discharge circuit 11 are connected to the negative terminal of battery B.

[0100] A single-pole multi-throw (SPMD) switch can be connected to a discharge controller. The discharge controller controls the position of the moving end of the SPMD switch, connecting it to different stationary ends. The resistance corresponding to the stationary end to which the moving end is connected is the target resistance. In this way, the battery and the target resistance are connected in parallel to form a discharge circuit, and the battery is discharged through the target resistance.

[0101] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by using a single-pole multi-throw switch and multiple power-consuming resistors, discharge circuits with different topologies are realized, and the discharge rate can be precisely adjusted.

[0102] In some embodiments, the discharge controller is further configured to control the controllable switch to open based on the state of charge of battery B, thereby stopping the discharge of battery B.

[0103] State of Charge (SOC) refers to the ratio of the remaining dischargeable capacity of a battery after a period of use or long-term storage to the capacity of the battery in its fully charged state, usually expressed as a percentage.

[0104] In this embodiment, the discharge controller can detect the state of charge (SOC) of battery B. If the SOC of battery B meets preset conditions, the controller opens the controllable switch Rf, thereby stopping the discharge of battery B. The preset conditions may include at least one of the following: the battery's SOC is below a preset threshold; or the change in the battery's SOC is greater than a preset change threshold.

[0105] It should be noted that the preset conditions are not limited to the examples above, and can be set according to the actual situation.

[0106] In the above embodiments, the discharge controller controls the controllable switch to open according to the battery's state of charge, thereby stopping the discharge of the battery and reducing the problems of over-discharge or insufficient remaining power.

[0107] According to some embodiments of this application, an energy storage device is provided. The energy storage device includes a battery B and a battery discharge device 10 connected to each other; the battery discharge device 10 is used to discharge the battery; wherein the power consumption per unit time of the battery discharge device 10 is lower than a preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

[0108] In this embodiment of the application, referring to FIG1, the energy storage device includes a battery B and a battery discharge device 10 connected to each other; the structure of the battery discharge device 10 can refer to the above embodiment. The battery can be a battery stored in a warehouse or a battery in the energy storage device. When the battery needs to be discharged, the battery discharge device 10 is connected in parallel with the battery to form a discharge circuit, and the battery is discharged through the battery discharge device 10.

[0109] During the discharge process, the power consumption per unit time of the battery discharge device 10 is lower than the preset power threshold. This prevents the battery from discharging too quickly, which could lead to over-discharge or insufficient remaining power. However, the power consumption per unit time of the battery discharge device 10 also needs to be higher than the self-discharge threshold. Otherwise, the battery discharge device 10 will not be able to discharge the battery and change it from a static state to an operational state.

[0110] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is applied to an energy storage power station or electrical equipment. Referring to FIG7, the energy storage device includes a main power transmission line 20, a switching component 30, a battery B, and a battery discharge device 10. The battery B is coupled to the main power transmission line 20 through the switching component 30 to form a power transmission path; the battery B is coupled to the battery discharge device 10 to form a discharge circuit.

[0111] The main transmission line of the energy storage device can be connected to the external power grid, electrical devices, charging equipment, etc. After battery B is coupled to the main transmission line 20 through the switching component 30, a power transmission path can be formed, thereby supplying power to the external power grid or electrical devices. The external power grid or charging equipment can also charge battery B through the main transmission line 20, enabling battery B to play the role of energy storage.

[0112] The aforementioned energy storage device may include an energy storage module, such as a container. Referring to Figure 8, the aforementioned main power transmission line 20 may include one or a combination of a busbar, an inverter PCS, and a transformer DC-DC converter, and the aforementioned switching assembly 30 may include one or a combination of a circuit breaker and a disconnector.

[0113] Referring to Figure 9, the energy storage device described above may also include multiple energy storage modules, which may be cascaded together. The switching component 30 described above may be a component that controls the switching state of battery B in an energy storage module, such as one or a combination of power module 31, bypass switch Kp, IGBT, circuit breaker, and disconnector; or it may be a component that controls the switching state of one of the multiple batteries in the energy storage module, such as a relay.

[0114] It should be noted that the switching component is not limited to the example above, and can be used in various ways as shown in Figure 10.

[0115] The aforementioned batteries may include, but are not limited to, battery compartments, battery modules, battery clusters, battery boxes, and battery cells.

[0116] The battery discharge device 10 includes a discharge circuit 11, which includes a discharge switch 111 and a power consumption circuit 112. The discharge switch 111 may include a controllable switch, multiple controllable switches, a single-pole multi-throw switch, etc.

[0117] In the above embodiments, the energy storage device includes interconnected batteries and a battery discharge device; the battery discharge device discharges the batteries. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage device discharges the batteries through the battery discharge device, which can convert non-operating batteries in the energy storage device from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the rate of battery life degradation and extending the battery life and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0118] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery is an alkali metal battery.

[0119] In this embodiment, the alkali metal battery is a type of battery that uses alkali metals and their compounds as the main materials. Alkali metal batteries may include lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, etc.

[0120] The aforementioned lithium-ion battery mainly consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode material is typically a lithium-containing transition metal oxide, the negative electrode material is generally a carbon material such as graphite, and the electrolyte is an organic solvent containing lithium salts. During charging, lithium ions are released from the positive electrode, pass through the electrolyte, and embed into the negative electrode; during discharging, the reverse occurs: lithium ions are released from the negative electrode, pass through the electrolyte, and return to the positive electrode, while electrons form a current through the external circuit. Lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as high energy density, high voltage, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect, and are widely used in smartphones, laptops, electric vehicles, and other fields, making them one of the most commonly used rechargeable batteries.

[0121] The structure of the aforementioned sodium-ion battery is similar to that of a lithium-ion battery. The positive electrode material is typically a sodium-containing transition metal oxide or a polyanionic compound, while the negative electrode material can be carbon, alloy, or other materials. The electrolyte is an organic solvent containing sodium salts or an aqueous electrolyte. Sodium-ion batteries achieve charging and discharging through the insertion and extraction of sodium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Due to the abundance and wide distribution of sodium resources, sodium-ion batteries have relatively low costs. Furthermore, they possess good safety and rate performance, making them a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage and a potential supplementary or replacement technology for lithium-ion batteries.

[0122] The structure of the aforementioned potassium-ion batteries is similar to that of lithium-ion batteries. The positive electrode material can be a Prussian blue analogue, while the negative electrode material can be graphite, hard carbon, etc. The electrolyte is generally a potassium-containing organic solvent. Charge transfer and energy storage are also achieved through the migration of potassium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Potassium-ion batteries possess high theoretical specific capacity and low redox potential, and also have advantages in resource abundance, making them one of the research hotspots in the future energy storage battery field. They are expected to be applied in large-scale energy storage, smart grids, and other fields.

[0123] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the alkali metal battery prepared by a special process can operate at a higher ambient temperature, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and thus reducing the loss of the energy storage device.

[0124] According to some embodiments of this application, the formation temperature of the battery is not less than 25°C.

[0125] In this embodiment, the formation temperature refers to the temperature of the environment in which the battery is located during the battery formation process. Formation is the process by which electrode materials and electrolytes deeply bond to form a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film, and the formation temperature has a significant impact on this process.

[0126] Different battery types have different formation temperatures. For example, lithium-ion batteries have a formation temperature between 25℃ and 45℃, while sodium-ion batteries have a formation temperature between 25℃ and 55℃. High-temperature formation can reduce the SEI film impedance, thereby improving the battery's energy density and fast charge / discharge performance.

[0127] In the above embodiments, a special formation process can enable the battery to operate at a higher ambient temperature, thereby reducing the cooling power of the energy storage device and thus reducing the loss of the energy storage device.

[0128] According to some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device further includes an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component; the energy storage controller is connected to the battery discharge device 10 and the signal acquisition component respectively; the signal acquisition component is used to acquire signals from the battery to obtain battery data; the energy storage controller is used to control the battery discharge device 10 to discharge the battery according to the battery data.

[0129] Referring to Figure 11, the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters 40, a battery discharge device 10, and an energy storage controller. The multiple battery clusters 40 are connected in parallel and configured in parallel with the battery discharge device 10. The energy storage controller is connected to each battery cluster 40 and each battery discharge device 10. The energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device 10 after the target battery cluster 40 disconnects from the main power transmission line. In response to the discharge trigger signal, the battery discharge device 10 discharges the target battery cluster 40. It should be noted that the energy storage controller and its connection relationship are not shown in the figure.

[0130] Referring to Figure 12, battery B, along with switches, fuses, and other components, forms an electrical box. Multiple electrical boxes are connected in series to form cell branches, which are then connected in parallel to the main control box. The energy storage controller can control the main control box to connect or disconnect battery cluster 40 from the main power transmission line. It should be noted that the energy storage controller and its connections are not shown in the figure.

[0131] The main control box includes switches Qs, K1, K2, and K3, a pre-charge resistor Ry, fuses Fuse1 and Fuse2, and a current sensor. The energy storage controller can connect to each switch, sending control signals to control their opening and closing. The energy storage controller can also connect to the current sensor to obtain the cluster current of the battery cluster 40. The current sensor is a signal acquisition component.

[0132] When battery cluster 40 is connected to the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller can first close switches K1 and K3 to precharge battery cluster 40. Pre-charging resistor Ry and fuses Fuse1 and Fuse2 protect battery cluster 40 during the pre-charging process. Afterward, the energy storage controller controls K1 to open and controls switch K2 to close. When battery cluster 40 is disconnected from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller can control switches K1, K2, and K3 to all open.

[0133] It should be noted that the target battery cluster for cutting out the main power transmission line can be one battery cluster 40 or multiple battery clusters 40. The number of target battery clusters is not limited in this application embodiment and can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0134] In the above embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component. The signal acquisition component acquires signals from the battery to obtain battery data. The energy storage controller controls the battery discharge device to discharge the battery based on the battery data. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the energy storage controller can control the switching state of the battery cluster to determine whether the battery needs to be discharged. Furthermore, the energy storage controller can control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery, thereby changing the battery disconnected from the main power transmission line from a static state to an operating state, thereby reducing the battery's lifespan degradation rate and extending the battery's lifespan and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0135] According to some embodiments of this application, a battery discharge method is provided. Taking the application of this method to the battery discharge device in the above embodiments as an example, the method may include the following steps: discharging the battery of the energy storage device in response to a discharge trigger signal.

[0136] The discharge device consumes less than a first preset power threshold per unit time, but more than a self-discharge threshold. The energy storage device includes a battery and an energy storage controller. Batteries can be configured into multiple energy storage sub-modules, and these sub-modules can form multiple battery clusters.

[0137] The energy storage controller can control each battery cluster to connect to or disconnect from the main power transmission line according to actual conditions. When connected to the main power transmission line, the battery cluster can supply power to the external power grid through the main power transmission line, or the external power grid can charge the battery cluster through the main power transmission line. When disconnected from the main power transmission line, the battery cluster enters a static state.

[0138] When a target battery cluster among multiple battery clusters disconnects from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device. In response to this signal, the battery discharge device connects in parallel with the target battery cluster and discharges it.

[0139] For example, when battery cluster 1 in a group of multiple battery clusters disconnects from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device, and the battery discharge device discharges battery cluster 1 according to the discharge trigger signal; when battery clusters 1 and 2 in a group of multiple battery clusters disconnect from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a discharge trigger signal to the battery discharge device, and the battery discharge device discharges battery clusters 1 and 2 according to the discharge trigger signal.

[0140] During the discharge process of the target battery cluster through the battery discharge device, it changes from a static state to an operational state.

[0141] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device discharges the batteries of the energy storage device in response to a discharge trigger signal. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, after the target battery cluster is disconnected from the main power transmission line, it enters a static state. In this case, by discharging the target battery cluster through the battery discharge device, the target battery cluster is transformed from a static state to an operating state, which can reduce the rate of battery life degradation in the target battery cluster, thereby extending the battery life and the service life of the energy storage device.

[0142] According to some embodiments of this application, the above embodiment of "discharging the battery of the energy storage device in response to a trigger signal" may include: controlling the controllable switch of the battery discharge device to close in response to a discharge control signal sent by the energy storage controller of the energy storage device, and discharging the battery through the power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device.

[0143] The battery discharge device includes a discharge circuit, which comprises a controllable switch and a power consumption circuit. When the target battery cluster in a multi-cell battery cluster disconnects from the main power transmission line, the energy storage controller sends a first control signal to the controllable switch. The controllable switch closes according to the first control signal, connecting the power consumption circuit in parallel with the target battery cluster. The power consumption circuit and the target battery cluster form a discharge loop, and the batteries in the target battery cluster are discharged through the power consumption circuit.

[0144] When the target battery cluster needs to be connected to the main power transmission line or when it needs to stop discharging, the energy storage controller sends a second control signal to the controllable switch. The controllable switch then disconnects from the power-consuming circuit and the target battery cluster based on the second control signal, stopping the discharge process on the batteries in the target battery cluster.

[0145] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device responds to the discharge control signal sent by the energy storage controller of the energy storage device, controls the controllable switch of the battery discharge device to close, and discharges the battery through the power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the effect of discharging the target battery cluster can be achieved by controlling the closing of the controllable switch. The control method is easy to implement, which not only helps to extend the service life of the energy storage device, but also has a low implementation cost.

[0146] According to some embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application may further include the following steps: in response to an equalization trigger signal, equalization processing is performed on the target battery cluster in the energy storage device, wherein the equalization trigger signal is obtained after determining the target battery cluster to be equalized based on the cluster charge state of each battery cluster in the energy storage device.

[0147] In this embodiment, the energy storage controller determines the minimum cell voltage of multiple battery clusters that are disconnected from the main power transmission line. If the difference between the minimum cell voltages of multiple battery clusters is small, it indicates that there will be no current imbalance problem among the multiple battery clusters, and no balancing process is required. If the difference between the minimum cell voltages of multiple battery clusters is large, it indicates that there is a high risk of current imbalance among the multiple battery clusters, and balancing process is required.

[0148] When balancing is required, the energy storage controller acquires the cluster state of charge (SOC) of each battery cluster and selects the cluster with the highest SOC as the target cluster to be balanced. For example, the cluster with the highest SOC can be selected as the target cluster, or the two clusters with the highest and second-highest SOCs can be selected as the target clusters to be balanced. It should be noted that the number of target clusters to be balanced can be determined based on the actual situation.

[0149] After identifying the target battery cluster to be equalized, the energy storage controller sends an equalization trigger signal to the battery discharge device. The battery discharge device responds to the equalization trigger signal and performs equalization processing on the target battery cluster.

[0150] In some embodiments, there are multiple battery discharge devices, with one battery discharge device connected in parallel for each battery cluster. After determining the target battery cluster to be balanced, the energy storage controller sends a balancing trigger signal to the battery discharge device corresponding to the target battery cluster, causing the battery discharge device corresponding to the target battery cluster to perform balancing processing on the target battery cluster.

[0151] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device responds to the equalization trigger signal to perform equalization processing on the target battery clusters in the energy storage device. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, equalization processing of the battery clusters can reduce the difference in state of charge between battery clusters, improve the consistency of the state of charge, reduce the risk of current imbalance between battery clusters, and improve the safety and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0152] According to some embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application may further include the following steps: stopping the equalization process in response to a stop signal; the stop signal is obtained after determining that the difference in state of charge among multiple battery clusters is less than a preset charge threshold.

[0153] During the equalization process of the target battery clusters to be equalized, the energy storage controller acquires the cluster state of charge of each target battery cluster, calculates the difference between the cluster state of charge of every two target battery clusters, and obtains multiple state of charge differences.

[0154] For example, the state of charge (SOC) of battery cluster 1 is SOC1, the state of charge of battery cluster 2 is SOC2, and so on, with the state of charge of battery cluster n being SOCn. The difference in SOC between battery cluster 1 and battery cluster 2 is calculated, as is the difference in SOC between battery cluster 1 and battery cluster 3. This difference in SOC can be expressed as ΔSOCij, where i and j are the cluster identifiers of the two target battery clusters.

[0155] If the difference in state of charge between the various battery clusters is less than the preset charge threshold, it indicates that the charge states of the multiple battery clusters are relatively consistent. The energy storage controller then sends a stop signal to the battery discharge device. In response to the stop signal, the battery discharge device stops performing the equalization process.

[0156] In some embodiments, the preset charge threshold can be 5%.

[0157] In the above embodiments, the battery discharge device stops the equalization process in response to the stop signal. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the cluster charge state consistency among the battery clusters is good, the equalization process is stopped, so that the energy storage device maintains a high charge level to support the power supply to the external power grid.

[0158] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart above are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart above may include multiple steps or stages, which are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0159] According to some embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided. This electronic device can be a discharge controller for a discharge device or an energy storage controller for an energy storage device, and its internal structure is shown in Figure 13. The electronic device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of this electronic device provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of this electronic device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of this electronic device is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of this electronic device is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals. Wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies.

[0160] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 13 is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device to which the present application is applied. The specific electronic device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or may combine certain components, or may have different component arrangements.

[0161] According to some embodiments of this application, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory including instructions that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device to perform the above-described method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0162] According to some embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the above-described methods. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, some or all of the above-described methods can be implemented, wholly or partially, according to the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application.

[0163] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0164] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0165] The embodiments described above merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application to facilitate a detailed understanding of the technical solutions of this application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. It should be understood that technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions provided in this application through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation are all within the scope of protection of the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be determined by the content of the appended claims, and the specification and drawings can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery discharge device, wherein, The battery discharge device includes a discharge circuit, which includes a positive coupling terminal and a negative coupling terminal. The positive coupling terminal and the negative coupling terminal are used for coupling with the battery; The discharge circuit is used to discharge the battery, wherein the impedance of the discharge circuit is greater than a first preset impedance threshold and less than a second preset impedance threshold.

2. The battery discharge device of claim 1, wherein, The discharge circuit includes a discharge switch and a power consumption circuit. The discharge switch is used to control the switching state of the power consumption circuit.

3. The battery discharge device of claim 2, wherein, The battery discharge device further includes a discharge controller, and the discharge switch is a controllable switch; the control terminal of the controllable switch is connected to the discharge controller, the first terminal of the controllable switch is the positive coupling terminal, and the second terminal of the controllable switch is connected to the first terminal of the power consumption circuit; the second terminal of the power consumption circuit is the negative coupling terminal. The controllable switch is used to connect the battery and the power-consuming circuit in parallel when the switch is closed in a controlled manner, so as to discharge the battery through the power-consuming circuit.

4. The battery discharge device of claim 3, wherein, The power-consuming circuit includes a power-consuming resistor, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the controllable switch, and the second end of which is the negative coupling terminal.

5. The battery discharge device of claim 4, wherein, The resistance range of the power-consuming resistor is negatively correlated with at least one of the nominal capacity, maximum discharge rate, and minimum discharge rate of the battery, and / or the resistance range of the power-consuming resistor is positively correlated with the voltage of the battery.

6. The battery discharge device of claim 4, wherein, The power-consuming resistor is a variable resistor.

7. The battery discharge device of claim 4, wherein, There are two or more controllable switches and power-consuming resistors, and at least two of the power-consuming resistors are controlled by different controllable switches to switch on / off states.

8. The battery discharge device of claim 4, wherein, The controllable switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and multiple power-consuming resistors are provided; The single-pole multi-throw switch is used to controllably connect the battery in parallel with a target resistor among a plurality of power-consuming resistors, so as to discharge the battery through the target resistor.

9. The battery discharge device of claim 8, wherein, The discharge controller is also used to control the controllable switch to open according to the state of charge of the battery, thereby stopping the discharge of the battery.

10. An energy storage device, wherein, The energy storage device includes a battery and a battery discharge device as described in any one of claims 1-9; The battery discharge device is used to discharge the battery; wherein the power consumption of the battery discharge device per unit time is lower than a preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

11. The energy storage device of claim 10, wherein, The battery is an alkali metal battery.

12. The energy storage device of claim 10, wherein, The formation temperature of the battery is not less than 25°C.

13. The energy storage device of any one of claims 10-12, wherein, The energy storage device further includes an energy storage controller and a signal acquisition component; the energy storage controller is connected to the battery discharge device and the signal acquisition component respectively; The signal acquisition component is used to acquire signals from the battery and obtain battery data; The energy storage controller is used to control the battery discharge device to discharge the battery based on the battery data.

14. A method of discharging a battery, wherein, A battery discharge device applied to an energy storage device, the method comprising: In response to a discharge trigger signal, the battery of the energy storage device is discharged, wherein the power consumption per unit time of the discharge device is lower than a first preset power threshold and higher than a self-discharge threshold.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein, The process of discharging the battery of the energy storage device in response to a trigger signal includes: In response to a discharge control signal sent by a storage energy controller of the storage energy device, a controllable switch of the battery discharge device is controlled to be closed, and the battery is discharged by a power consumption circuit of the battery discharge device.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein, The method further comprises: In response to an equalization trigger signal, a target battery cluster in the storage energy device is subjected to equalization processing, the equalization trigger signal being obtained according to determination of a target battery cluster to be equalized based on cluster state of charge of each battery cluster in the storage energy device.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The method further comprises: In response to a stop signal, the equalization processing is stopped, the stop signal being obtained after determination that a state of charge difference between the plurality of battery clusters is less than a preset charge threshold.

Images