Reverse circulation drilling device having reaming function and use method thereof

Abstract

Provided in the present invention are a reverse circulation drilling device having a reaming function and a use method thereof. The reverse circulation drilling device comprises a drill pipe, the drill pipe being hollow to form a main pipe. A composite drill bit is sleeved at the bottom of the drill pipe; the composite drill bit comprises at least one down-the-hole hammer and at least one hydraulic hammer; part of the down-the-hole hammer extends out of the bottom surface of a housing of the composite drill bit; and the hydraulic hammer is arranged in the circumferential direction of the housing of the composite drill bit, and the hydraulic hammer can extend or retract in the radial direction of the housing of the composite drill bit. The reverse circulation drilling device of the present invention comprises the composite drill bit, the composite drill bit is provided with the hydraulic hammer and the down-the-hole hammer, the hydraulic hammer can be used for reaming, and the down-the-hole hammer can be used for drilling; when not working, the hydraulic hammer can be retracted without affecting the subsequent drilling; and the composite drill bit can simultaneously achieve reaming and vertical drilling, thus saving the time for replacing drill bits during actual construction, improving the construction efficiency, and greatly saving time and costs.

Description

A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function and its usage method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, and specifically to a reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] During bored pile construction, temporary steel tubes are added at the pile hole location to support unstable strata and ensure the safety of the ground or work platform. In the current traditional construction process, workers first use a pile grinder to install the steel tube at the pile hole location and use mud clamps to remove the mud and sand from the steel tube. However, when the bottom of the steel tube reaches the hard rock layer, the pile grinder cannot continue drilling the steel tube. At this point, it is necessary to switch to a hydraulic reaming drill bit to grind the hard rock and enlarge the hole diameter to facilitate the continued descent of the steel tube. However, when the steel tube continues to penetrate about 1 meter into the rock layer, it is necessary to remove the hydraulic reaming drill bit and replace it with a vertical drill bit to continue drilling.

[0003] The traditional construction process described above requires changing the drill bit twice, which necessitates disassembling and installing two sets of equipment. This method is not only cumbersome but also significantly delays the construction progress. Therefore, it is essential to invent a drilling device that is convenient to use and improves construction speed. Technical issues

[0004] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function, which solves the problems of cumbersome construction methods and slow construction progress when using existing drilling devices.

[0005] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method of using a reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function, which is implemented by applying the aforementioned reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function. Technical solutions

[0006] To achieve the first objective of this invention, this invention provides a reverse circulation drilling device with a hole-enlarging function. The reverse circulation drilling device includes a drill rod, which is hollow to form a main pipe. A composite drill bit is sleeved at the bottom of the drill rod. The composite drill bit includes at least one down-the-hole hammer and at least one hydraulic hammer. A portion of the down-the-hole hammer extends out of the bottom surface of the composite drill bit's outer shell. The hydraulic hammer is disposed in the circumferential direction of the composite drill bit's outer shell, and the hydraulic hammer can extend or retract radially along the outer shell of the composite drill bit.

[0007] A further design involves a support frame positioned above the composite drill bit, with the drill rod and support frame coaxially aligned. A hydraulic hammer is connected to the drill rod, with the length of the hydraulic hammer forming an angle with the axis of the drill rod. A high-pressure hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the support frame, driving the drill rod to move up and down. The drill rod, in turn, causes the hydraulic hammer to extend or retract radially along the outer shell of the composite drill bit.

[0008] A further option is to connect one end of the hydraulic hammer to one end of the connector, and the other end of the connector to the drill pipe.

[0009] A further option is to provide at least one slag discharge hole on the bottom surface of the composite drill bit's outer casing, and the slag discharge hole is connected to the main pipeline through a branch pipe.

[0010] A further solution is to install steel bars at the bottom of the slag discharge hole.

[0011] A further option is that the reverse circulation drilling device also includes a housing, which is positioned above the composite drill bit and is fitted over the support. The housing is coaxially connected to the drill rod.

[0012] A further option is to use two down-the-hole hammers, which are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the drill rod, and each down-the-hole hammer is connected to an air compressor.

[0013] A further option is to have four hydraulic hammers, evenly distributed around the circumference of the composite drill bit, with each hammer connected to an external hydraulic power unit. Preferably, the external hydraulic power unit is equipped with an oil distributor to deliver high-pressure pump oil to each hydraulic hammer.

[0014] To achieve the second objective of this invention, this invention provides a method for using a reverse circulation drilling device with hole-enlarging function. This method is implemented using a reverse circulation drilling device with hole-enlarging function as described in any of the above-mentioned schemes. The method includes the following steps: S1: Install the steel tube to a position where drilling cannot continue using a pile grinding machine; S2: Install the reverse circulation drilling device to the construction position; S3: The hydraulic hammer operates, impacting the rock wall to enlarge the hole diameter, causing the steel tube to continue falling; S4: When the steel tube penetrates deep into the rock layer to the first preset position, the hydraulic hammer retracts along the radial direction of the composite drill bit's outer shell and starts the down-the-hole hammer to reciprocate up and down, continuing drilling to the second preset position. Beneficial effects

[0015] The reverse circulation drilling device of the present invention includes a composite drill bit, which is equipped with a hydraulic hammer and a down-the-hole hammer. The hydraulic hammer can be used for hole reaming, and the down-the-hole hammer can be used for drilling. The hydraulic hammer can be retracted when not in use, without affecting subsequent drilling. The composite drill bit can simultaneously achieve hole reaming and vertical drilling. In actual construction, it can save the time of changing drill bits, improve construction efficiency, and greatly save time and costs.

[0016] The reverse circulation drilling device of this invention features a coaxial arrangement of the support and drill rod, ensuring stability during the operation of the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder. This design creates an angle between the hammer impact direction and the drill rod axis, enhancing the effectiveness of the hydraulic hammer's hole-reaming operation and facilitating rapid penetration of hard formations. It also facilitates the retraction of the high-pressure hammer. Driven by the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, the drill rod propels the hydraulic hammer; their coordinated operation not only improves work efficiency but also enhances operational safety and reliability.

[0017] The reverse circulation drilling device of the present invention ensures the stability of the connection between the drill rod and the hydraulic hammer by setting a connecting part.

[0018] The slag discharge hole of the reverse circulation drilling device of the present invention ensures the normal operation of reverse circulation.

[0019] During construction, some of the crushed stones are quite large, with a diameter greater than 200mm. The reverse circulation drilling device of this invention has steel bars installed at the bottom of the slag discharge hole to prevent excessively large stones from clogging the slag discharge hole and affecting the normal operation of reverse circulation.

[0020] The reverse circulation drilling device of the present invention has a housing, which not only enhances the structural stability of the entire device, but also effectively protects the internal support and drill rod from interference and damage from the external environment.

[0021] The reverse circulation drilling device of this invention, equipped with two down-the-hole hammers, makes drilling operations more efficient. The simultaneous operation of the two hammers results in a stronger impact force, enabling rapid rock breaking and increasing drilling speed. Simultaneously, an air compressor provides a stable air supply to the down-the-hole hammers, ensuring their continuous and efficient operation. Furthermore, the symmetrical arrangement of the down-the-hole hammers helps maintain drilling stability and accuracy, reducing the possibility of borehole deviation and improving work quality.

[0022] In the reverse circulation drilling system, four hydraulic hammers are evenly distributed circumferentially along the composite drill bit. Each hydraulic hammer is connected to an external hydraulic power unit, and high-pressure pump oil is delivered to each hammer via an oil distributor. This design significantly improves reaming efficiency. Simultaneously, it ensures a more balanced and powerful impact force during reaming operations when multiple hydraulic hammers are working together, enabling rapid penetration of various complex formations. Furthermore, the evenly distributed hydraulic hammers effectively reduce drilling vibration, improve operational stability, and ensure drilling accuracy and quality. The external hydraulic power unit provides ample power support for the hydraulic hammers, guaranteeing the continuity and efficiency of drilling operations.

[0023] The reverse circulation drilling device of this invention eliminates the need for a drill bit replacement, greatly improving construction efficiency, reducing operational complexity, and saving time and costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 is a bottom view of a reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 is a top view of a reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along direction AA in Figure 4.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Embodiments of the present invention

[0030] Referring to Figures 1 to 5, the reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function provided in this embodiment includes a drill rod 1. The drill rod 1 is hollow to form a main pipe 11, which can be used to remove drilling debris in reverse circulation drilling.

[0031] A composite drill bit 2 is fitted onto the bottom of the drill rod 1. The composite drill bit 2 includes at least one down-the-hole hammer 3 and at least one hydraulic hammer 4. In this embodiment, there are two down-the-hole hammers 3, which are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the drill rod 1; there are four hydraulic hammers 4, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the composite drill bit 2. A portion of each down-the-hole hammer 3 extends beyond the bottom surface of the housing of the composite drill bit 2, and the hydraulic hammer 4 can extend or retract radially along the housing of the composite drill bit 2.

[0032] A support 5 is mounted above the composite drill bit 2, and the drill rod 1 is coaxially mounted with the support 5. One end of the hydraulic hammer 4 is connected to one end of the connector 6, and the other end of the connector 6 is connected to the drill rod 1. The length direction of the hydraulic hammer 4 forms an angle with the axial direction of the drill rod 1. A high-pressure hydraulic cylinder 7 is mounted on the support 5. The high-pressure hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the drill rod 1 to move up and down, and the drill rod 1 drives the hydraulic hammer 47 to extend or retract radially along the outer shell of the composite drill bit 2.

[0033] Each down-the-hole hammer 3 is connected to an air compressor, which drives the down-the-hole hammer 3 to move up and down reciprocally under the pressure of compressed air, thus achieving drilling.

[0034] Each hydraulic hammer 4 is connected to an external hydraulic power unit. Preferably, the external hydraulic power unit is equipped with an oil distributor, which delivers high-pressure pump oil to each hydraulic hammer 4. The hydraulic hammer 4 achieves a stable connection with the external hydraulic power unit through a high-pressure oil hose.

[0035] The reverse circulation drilling device also includes a housing 8, which is located above the composite drill bit 2 and is sleeved outside the bracket 5. The housing 8 is coaxially connected to the drill rod 1.

[0036] The bottom surface of the casing of the composite drill bit 2 is provided with at least one slag discharge hole 9, which is connected to the main pipe 11 via a branch pipe 91. The branch pipe 91 is used to transport drill cuttings. The number of slag discharge holes 9 directly affects the speed of transporting drill cuttings. Furthermore, a through hole is provided on one of the branch pipes 91 and connected to an air compressor. High-pressure air is blown out from bottom to top through the through hole, i.e., high-pressure air is input in the direction of drill cuttings recovery. The function of the high-pressure air is to generate a pressure difference. Since the flow velocity of the high-pressure air is higher than the recovery velocity of the drill cuttings, a negative pressure is formed in the branch pipe 91, which correspondingly accelerates the recovery speed of the drill cuttings. Moreover, when the drill cuttings are discharged from the drill rod 1 during the reverse circulation drilling operation, a water circulation is formed. The resulting siphon effect can act as an aid to continuously draw the drill cuttings from the bottom of the borehole, enhancing the reverse circulation drilling effect. In this embodiment, there are two slag discharge holes 9. Two branch pipes 91 are provided, which connect within the composite drill bit 2 and then enter the main pipe 11 of the drill rod 1, facilitating the transport of drill cuttings to the ground. During reverse circulation drilling, the flow direction of the drill cuttings is opposite to that of forward circulation drilling. The drill cuttings flow from the space between the drill rod and the borehole wall into the main pipe 11 of the drill rod 1. Since the main pipe of the drill rod 1 and the composite drill bit 2 are connected, the drill cuttings, along with mud and water, are pumped to a water collection tank on the ground, where the rock cuttings fall and settle. Furthermore, this invention utilizes the power of compressed air, which enters the main pipe 11 through the through-hole of the branch pipes 91, providing external force for the flow of drill cuttings, accelerating the flow rate, and thus increasing the drilling speed.

[0037] Preferably, the high-pressure air is delivered from the through-hole of the branch pipe 91 at an elevation angle of 30°. Moreover, the operator can adjust the high-pressure air entering the through-hole according to the recovery speed and condition of the drill cuttings, thereby changing the negative pressure value and the corresponding siphon force in the branch pipe 91, to avoid the recovery speed of the drill cuttings being too fast or too slow, and to adjust the drilling speed according to actual operational needs.

[0038] A steel bar (not shown in the figure) is also installed at the bottom of the slag discharge hole 9 to prevent large stones from blocking the slag discharge hole and affecting the normal operation of reverse circulation.

[0039] More preferably, in some embodiments, the reverse circulation drilling device is further provided with an air distributor (not shown in the figure), and the drill rod 1 is connected to the bottom of the air distributor. The air distributor includes an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to an air compressor, and the air outlet pipe is connected to different components of the reverse circulation drilling device, so that high-pressure air can enter different components of the reverse circulation drilling device through the air distributor, thereby achieving independent monitoring and adjustment of the air pressure in the connecting pipes of each component and effectively controlling the backflow effect of the reverse circulation.

[0040] The air outlet pipe includes a first air outlet pipe connected to the down-the-hole hammer 3 and a second air outlet pipe connected to the branch pipe 91. The first air outlet pipe has branches that connect to two down-the-hole hammers 3, providing power to the down-the-hole hammers 3 and causing them to move up and down reciprocally. The down-the-hole hammers 3 then hammer the rock layer at the bottom of the borehole to achieve the drilling effect. The high-pressure air passing through the first air outlet pipe then enters the main pipe 11 of the drill rod 1 through the branch pipe 91, creating a reverse circulation effect and sending the drill cuttings to the ground. The second air outlet pipe connects to the branch pipe 91 and enters the main pipe 11 of the drill rod 1 through the through hole of the branch pipe 91, allowing the high-pressure air to flow from bottom to top into the main pipe 11 of the drill rod 1, providing external force for the flow of drill cuttings. On the other hand, the high-pressure air mixes with the drill cuttings in the branch pipe 91, which can reduce the overall density of the drill cuttings and correspondingly reduce the fluid resistance of the drill cuttings, improving the reverse circulation effect.

[0041] This embodiment also provides a method of using a reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function. This method of use is implemented using the reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function of this embodiment, and includes the following steps:

[0042] S1: Install the steel tube to a position where drilling cannot continue using the pile grinding machine;

[0043] S2: Install the reverse circulation drilling device to the construction position;

[0044] S3: The hydraulic hammer 4 is working, impacting the stone wall to enlarge the aperture, allowing the steel tube to continue falling;

[0045] S4: When the steel tube penetrates to the first preset position in the rock layer, the hydraulic hammer 4 retracts radially along the outer shell of the composite drill bit 2, and the down-the-hole hammer 3 reciprocates up and down to continue drilling to the second preset position. Typically, the first preset position is about 1 meter deep into the rock layer.

[0046] The reverse circulation drilling device of this embodiment includes a composite drill bit 2, which is equipped with a hydraulic hammer 4 and a down-the-hole hammer 3. The hydraulic hammer 4 can be used for hole reaming, and the down-the-hole hammer 3 can be used for drilling. The hydraulic hammer 4 can be retracted when not in use, without affecting subsequent drilling. The composite drill bit 2 can simultaneously achieve hole reaming and vertical drilling, saving the time of changing drill bits in actual construction, improving construction efficiency, and greatly saving time and costs. Moreover, the reverse circulation drilling device of this embodiment can achieve a drilling speed of 0.6m / h to 1m / h in hard rock.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, many other equivalent embodiments may be included. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Industrial applicability

[0048] The reverse circulation drilling device with hole enlargement function and its usage method provided by this invention can be applied to the field of drilling technology.

[0049] The reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function provided by this invention can simultaneously achieve hole reaming and vertical drilling. In actual construction, it can save the time of changing drill bits, improve construction efficiency, and greatly save time and costs. The method of use eliminates the time of changing drill bits once in the middle, greatly improving construction efficiency, reducing the complexity of operation, and saving time and costs.

Claims

A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function, the reverse circulation drilling device includes a drill rod, the drill rod being hollow to form a main pipe, characterized in that: The bottom of the drill rod is fitted with a composite drill bit, which includes at least one down-the-hole hammer and at least one hydraulic hammer. A portion of the down-the-hole hammer extends out of the bottom surface of the housing of the composite drill bit. The hydraulic hammer is located in the circumferential direction of the housing of the composite drill bit, and the hydraulic hammer can extend or retract along the radial direction of the housing of the composite drill bit. A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A support is provided above the composite drill bit, the drill rod is coaxially arranged with the support, the hydraulic hammer is connected to the drill rod, and the length direction of the hydraulic hammer is at an angle to the axial direction of the drill rod. The support is equipped with a high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, which drives the drill rod to move up and down. The drill rod drives the hydraulic hammer to extend or retract along the radial direction of the composite drill bit's outer shell. A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the hydraulic hammer is connected to one end of the connector, and the other end of the connector is connected to the drill pipe. A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the outer shell of the composite drill bit is provided with at least one slag discharge hole, which is connected to the main pipe through a branch pipe. A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the slag discharge hole is equipped with a steel bar. A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The reverse circulation drilling device also includes a housing, which is disposed above the composite drill bit and is coaxially connected to the drill rod. A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The number of down-the-hole hammers is two, and the two down-the-hole hammers are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the drill rod. Each down-the-hole hammer is connected to an air compressor. A reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The number of hydraulic hammers is four, and the hydraulic hammers are evenly arranged along the circumference of the composite drill bit. Each hydraulic hammer is connected to an external hydraulic power device. A method for using a reverse circulation drilling device with a reaming function, characterized in that, This method of use is implemented using a reverse circulation drilling device with hole-reaming function as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method of use includes the following steps: S1: Install the steel tube to a position where drilling cannot continue using the pile grinding machine; S2: Install the reverse circulation drilling device to the construction position; S3: The hydraulic hammer operates, impacting the stone wall to enlarge the aperture, causing the steel tube to continue falling; S4: When the steel tube penetrates to the first preset position in the rock layer, the hydraulic hammer retracts along the radial direction of the composite drill bit's outer shell and starts the down-the-hole hammer to reciprocate up and down, continuing to drill to the second preset position.

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