Communication method, communication apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

Disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are a communication method, a communication apparatus, and a storage medium, which are applied to the technical field of communications, and are used for implementing spectrum detection and interference management in an NGSO (Non-Geosynchronous Orbit) system. The method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: sending first information, wherein the first information is used by a first terminal device to execute spectrum detection, and the first terminal device is served by a first NGSO satellite; and receiving second information, wherein the second information is obtained by means of the first terminal device by executing spectrum detection, and the second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine a transmission state. By means of indicating the first information, the first terminal device can perform spectrum detection on the basis of the first information, and can obtain a corresponding spectrum detection result on the basis of the requirements of the first NGSO satellite, thereby implementing spectrum detection of a downlink in the NGSO system. Since the second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission state, the first NSGO satellite can be prevented from interfering with a downlink in a GSO system by means of adjusting the transmission state, thereby implementing interference management.

Description

Communication methods, communication devices and storage media

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. CN202411951354.4, filed on December 26, 2024, entitled "Communication Method, Communication Device and Storage Medium", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, communication device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0003] In non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), satellite communication offers a wider coverage area than terrestrial cellular networks, along with advantages such as longer communication distances, greater deployment flexibility, and immunity to geographical conditions, natural disasters, and weather conditions. In NTNs, network equipment can be deployed on in-flight platforms to provide services to terminal devices. These in-flight platforms can be satellites.

[0004] Based on their altitude, or orbital altitude, satellites can be classified into geosynchronous orbit (GSO) satellites and non-geosynchronous orbit (NGSO) satellites. Currently, cells served by GSO satellites and cells served by NGSO satellites can share the same spectrum; this process is also known as spectrum sharing.

[0005] However, in scenarios where GSO and NGSO satellites share spectrum, how to manage interference with NGSO satellites is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method, communication device, and storage medium that, by clarifying the information required for spectrum detection in the NGSO satellite system, enables the NGSO satellite and terminal equipment to perform interference management based on the spectrum detection results.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a communication method. Optionally, the executing entity of this method may be a first device, which may be a network device (e.g., an NTN device deployed on an NGSO satellite), a component or device applied to the network device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device (e.g., a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU)). Taking a first NGSO satellite as an example, the first NGSO satellite sends first information to a first terminal device. The first information is used by the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and the first terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite. The first NGSO satellite receives second information from the first terminal device. The second information is obtained by the first terminal device performing spectrum detection, and the second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission status. The first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status based on the second information.

[0008] Based on the first aspect of this application, by indicating first information, the first terminal device is able to perform spectrum detection according to the first information and obtain the corresponding spectrum detection result according to the requirements of the first NGSO satellite, thereby realizing spectrum detection of the downlink in the NGSO system. Since the second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission status, the first NGSO satellite can avoid interfering with the downlink in the GSO system by adjusting the transmission status, thereby realizing interference management.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the first information is used to instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and / or the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0010] Information on the first region, reporting conditions for detection results, number of detections, duration of detection, detection interval, detection cycle, detection threshold value of the first geostationary orbit GSO satellite system signal, power level set of the first GSO satellite, interference constraints of users of the first GSO satellite, transmission power level set of the first NGSO satellite, maximum transmission power of the first NGSO satellite, transmission power level set of the second NGSO satellite or maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite.

[0011] The first region information is the region information where the first terminal device performs spectrum detection, and the second NGSO satellite is the NGSO satellite adjacent to the first NGSO satellite.

[0012] In this embodiment, by clarifying the content of the first information, the method of spectrum detection for the first terminal device is defined.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the second information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0014] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0015] In this embodiment, by clearly defining the content of the second information, the information that the first terminal device needs to obtain through spectrum detection is defined. Spectrum detection of the downlink in the NGSO system is achieved through the first and second information.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status by any one of the following: the first NGSO satellite stops transmitting downlink signals on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite adjusts the transmission power level on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite turns off the downlink service beam, or the first NGSO satellite adjusts the direction of the downlink service beam.

[0017] In this embodiment, the first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status based on the spectrum detection results of the first terminal device, thereby avoiding interference between the downlink in the NGSO system and the downlink in the GSO system, thus realizing interference management in the NGSO system.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the first NGSO satellite may obtain indication information from the core network, which is used to determine the first information.

[0019] A second aspect of this application provides a communication method. Optionally, the execution subject of this method may be a first device, which may be a network device (e.g., an NTN device deployed on an NGSO satellite), a component or device applied to the network device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device (e.g., a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU)). Taking a first NGSO satellite as an example, the first NGSO satellite acquires third information, which is used by the first NGSO satellite to perform spectrum detection; the first NGSO satellite transmits fourth information, which is used by a first terminal device to determine the transmission status, and the first terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite.

[0020] Based on the second aspect of this application, the first NGSO satellite acquires third information, thereby enabling spectrum detection based on the third information, and thus realizing uplink spectrum detection in the NGSO system. Since the first NGSO satellite sends fourth information to the first terminal device, and the fourth information is used by the first terminal device to determine the transmission status, the first NGSO satellite can instruct the first terminal device to avoid interfering with the uplink in the NGSO system through the fourth information, thereby achieving interference management.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the third information includes at least one of the following:

[0022] The transmission power level set of the second terminal device, the interference constraint condition of the second terminal device, the detection threshold of the signal of the second terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the transmission power level set of the first terminal device, the transmission power level set of the third terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the third terminal device, the second area information, the number of detections, the duration of detection, and the detection interval or detection cycle.

[0023] The second terminal device is provided with services by the first GSO satellite, the third terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite, and the second regional information is the regional information for spectrum detection by the first NGSO satellite.

[0024] In this embodiment, by clarifying the content of the third information, the method of spectrum detection for the first NGSO satellite is defined, thereby realizing spectrum detection of the uplink in the NGSO system.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the fourth information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0026] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0027] In this embodiment, the result obtained by the first NGSO satellite through spectrum detection is defined by specifying the content of the fourth information. Uplink spectrum detection in the NGSO system is achieved through the third and fourth information.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the fourth information is used to indicate whether the first terminal device performs uplink transmission, and / or the fourth information includes frequency domain information for transmitting uplink signals, first transmission power level information for transmitting uplink signals, and the activation time or termination time of the first transmission power.

[0029] In this embodiment, by clarifying the content of the fourth information, the method by which the first NGSO satellite instructs the first terminal device to adjust the transmission status is defined, thereby realizing the uplink interference management in the NGSO system.

[0030] A third aspect of this application provides a communication method. Optionally, the execution subject of this method may be a second device, which may be a terminal device, a component or device applied to the terminal device (e.g., a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. Taking a first terminal device as an example, the first terminal device receives first information, which is used by the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and the first terminal device is provided with services by a first NGSO satellite; the first terminal device sends second information, which is obtained by spectrum detection, and the second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission status.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the first information is used to instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and / or the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0032] Information on the first region, reporting conditions for detection results, number of detections, duration of detection, detection interval, detection cycle, detection threshold value of the first geostationary orbit GSO satellite system signal, power level set of the first GSO satellite, interference constraints of users of the first GSO satellite, transmission power level set of the first NGSO satellite, maximum transmission power of the first NGSO satellite, transmission power level set of the second NGSO satellite or maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite.

[0033] The first region information refers to the region information where the first terminal device performs spectrum detection, and the second NGSO satellite refers to the satellite adjacent to the first NGSO satellite.

[0034] In some possible implementations, the second information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0035] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status by any one of the following: the first NGSO satellite stops transmitting downlink signals on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite adjusts the transmission power level on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite turns off the downlink service beam, or the first NGSO satellite adjusts the direction of the downlink service beam.

[0037] A fourth aspect of this application provides a communication device, which may be the first device described above. The communication device includes modules or units for performing the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0038] A fifth aspect of this application provides a communication device, which may be the second device described above. The communication device includes modules or units for performing the methods described in the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0039] A sixth aspect of this application provides a communication device, which may be a first device or a second device, or a component applied to the first device or the second device (e.g., a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software (e.g., CU, DU, or RU) capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first device or the second device. The communication device includes:

[0040] A processor for executing a program that causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the first, second, or third aspect of the foregoing and any possible implementation thereof.

[0041] Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory, and the processor is coupled to the memory; the memory is used to store programs.

[0042] The seventh aspect of this application provides a chip or chip system including at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and at least one processor being interconnected via a line, the at least one processor being used to run computer programs or instructions to perform the communication method described in any of the possible implementations of the first, second or third aspects above.

[0043] The communication interface in the chip can be an input / output interface, pins, or circuits.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the chip or chip system described above in this application further includes at least one memory storing instructions. The memory can be an internal storage unit of the chip, such as a register or cache, or it can be a storage unit of the chip itself, such as a read-only memory or random access memory.

[0045] The eighth aspect of this application provides a communication system, including a communication device that performs the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and a communication device that performs the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0046] A ninth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect above, or cause the computer to perform the method described in the second aspect above, or cause the computer to perform the method described in the third aspect above.

[0047] The tenth aspect of this application provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect above, or cause the computer to perform the method described in the second aspect above, or cause the computer to perform the method described in the third aspect above. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the terrestrial network architecture in this application;

[0049] Figures 2a to 2e are schematic diagrams of embodiments of non-terrestrial network architecture in this application;

[0050] Figures 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the communication method in this application;

[0051] Figures 5 to 8 are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the communication device in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0052] First, a brief description of the terrestrial network architecture on which the communication method in the embodiments of this application is based:

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a possible, non-limiting system schematic diagram. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 10 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100, a core network (CN) 200, and an Internet 300. RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1). Terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to RAN node 110. RAN node 110 is wirelessly or wired connected to core network 200. The core network equipment in core network 200 and RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions.

[0054] RAN 100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as a 4G, 5G, or future mobile communication system. RAN 100 can also be an open-radio access network (ORAN), a cloud-radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. RAN 100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0055] RAN node 110, sometimes also referred to as access network equipment, RAN entity, or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are relative. For example, network element 120i in Figure 1 can be a helicopter or drone, which can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j accessing RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; but for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes both referred to as communication devices. For example, network elements 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, and network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0056] In one possible scenario, access network equipment includes, but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNodeB), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station (BS), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP) in wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, macro base station, micro base station, wireless relay node, donor node, radio controller in CRAN scenario, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP), or transmission and reception point (TRP), etc., and can also be access network equipment in 5G mobile communication system. For example, a next-generation NodeB (gNB), TRP, or TP in an NR system; or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) in a base station in a 5G mobile communication system; or, access network equipment can also be network nodes constituting a gNB or transmission point. Examples include centralized units (CU), distributed units (DU), centralized unit control planes (CU-CP), centralized unit user planes (CU-UP), or radio units (RU), etc. CUs and DUs can be separate or included in the same network element, such as a BBU. RUs can be included in radio equipment or radio units. For example, in remote radio units (RRU), active antenna units (AAU), or remote radio heads (RRH). Alternatively, access network equipment can also be servers, wearable devices, vehicles, or in-vehicle equipment, etc. For example, the access network equipment in V2X technology can be a roadside unit (RSU).It should be understood that the aforementioned TRP can be a device or module located on the network side of the aforementioned communication system and possessing corresponding communication functions. The TRP typically contains a communication module, circuit, or chip that performs the corresponding communication functions. The TRP can also be configured with program instructions for the corresponding communication functions.

[0057] It should be noted that CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names in different systems, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN) system, CU can also be called an open centralized unit (O-CU) or an open CU, DU can also be called an open-distributed unit (O-DU), CU-CP can also be called an open-centralized unit control plane (O-CU-CP), CU-UP can also be called an open-centralized unit user plane (O-CU-UP), and RU can also be called an open radio unit (O-RU). This application does not limit the specific names. Any of the units CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0058] Optionally, for network elements in the ORAN system, each network element can implement the protocol layer functions shown in Table 1 below.

[0059] Table 1

[0060] It should be noted that in the ORAN system, the access network equipment in this application can be one or more network elements listed in Table 1 above.

[0061] The architecture of the CU and DU of the access network equipment is described below. An access network equipment includes at least one CU and at least one DU. Optionally, the access network equipment may also include at least one RU.

[0062] The following description uses an access network device consisting of one CU and one DU as an example. The CU has some core network functions and can include CU-CP and CU-UP. The CU and DU can be configured according to the protocol layer functions of the wireless network they implement. For example, the CU may be configured to implement the functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer and above (e.g., RRC and / or SDAP layers). The DU may be configured to implement the functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer (e.g., RLC, MAC, and / or physical (PHY) layers). Alternatively, the CU may be configured to implement the functions of protocol layers above the PDCP layer (e.g., RRC and / or SDAP layers), and the DU may be configured to implement the functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer (e.g., RLC, MAC, and / or PHY layers).

[0063] When a CU includes CU-CP and CU-UP, CU-CP is used to implement the control plane functions of the CU, and CU-UP is used to implement the user plane functions of the CU. For example, when a CU is configured to implement the functions of the PDCP layer, RRC layer, and SDAP layer, CU-CP is used to implement the RRC layer functions and the control plane functions of the PDCP layer, and CU-UP is used to implement the SDAP layer functions and the user plane functions of the PDCP layer.

[0064] The CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements can be access and mobility function (AMF) network elements, such as the AMF in a 5G system. The AMF is responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as terminal device location updates, terminal device registration with the network, and terminal device handover.

[0065] CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. These network elements, such as the user plane function (UPF) in a 5G system, are responsible for forwarding and receiving data in terminal devices.

[0066] The above CU and DU configurations are merely examples; the functions of the CU and DU can be configured as needed. For instance, the CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or only some protocol layer processing functions. For example, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Furthermore, the functions of the CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements. For example, based on latency, functions that require low latency can be placed in the DU, while functions that do not require low latency can be placed in the CU.

[0067] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0068] It should be noted that the access network equipment can be a device or apparatus with a chip, or a device or apparatus with integrated circuits, or a chip, chip system, module, or control unit in the aforementioned device or apparatus; this application does not impose any specific limitation. It should also be noted that in this application, the term "access network equipment" can refer to the access network equipment itself, or to the chip, functional module, or integrated circuit within the access network equipment that performs the method provided in this application; this application does not impose any specific limitation.

[0069] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with each RAN node performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-CPs, CU-UPs, or radio units (RUs). CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0070] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0071] A terminal can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. A terminal can also be called a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart homes, smart offices, smart wearables, intelligent transportation, smart cities, etc. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, transportation vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, communication modules, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal. Terminals typically contain communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform corresponding communication functions. Terminals can also be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 2a. The following is a brief description of the non-terrestrial network architecture on which the communication method in this embodiment is based:

[0073] Ground mobile terminals access the network via a new air interface. Network equipment is deployed on satellites and connected to the ground core network via wireless links. Simultaneously, wireless links exist between satellites to facilitate signaling interaction and user data transmission between network devices. The network elements in Figure 2a and their interfaces are described below:

[0074] Terminal: Mobile devices that support the New Radio interface, typically such as mobile phones and tablets. They can access satellite networks via the air interface and initiate services such as making calls and accessing the internet.

[0075] Network equipment primarily provides wireless access services, allocates wireless resources to access terminals, and provides reliable wireless transmission protocols and data encryption protocols. Network equipment deployed on satellites is called an NTN node.

[0076] Core Network: Handles user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, billing, and other services. It consists of multiple functional units, which can be divided into control plane and data plane functional entities. The Access and Mobility Management Unit (AMF) is responsible for user access management, security authentication, and mobility management. The User Plane Unit (UPF) is responsible for managing user plane data transmission, traffic statistics, and other functions.

[0077] Ground station: Responsible for forwarding signaling and service data between satellite base stations and the core network. A ground station is a network device deployed on the ground. Ground stations used for distributing and collecting satellite communication service data, or for exchanging data within the satellite communication network and routing data to external networks, are called gateway stations. A gateway station can be a network device, a component of a network device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software that implements all or part of the functions of the network device.

[0078] New Radio: The wireless link between a terminal and a base station.

[0079] Xn interface: The interface between base stations, mainly used for signaling interaction such as handover.

[0080] NG interface: The interface between the base station and the CN, mainly used for exchanging non-access stratum (NAS) signaling of the core network and user service data.

[0081] The terminal device in Figure 2a can be located within the beam or cell coverage area of ​​the network device. The terminal device can communicate with the network device via the uplink (UL) or downlink (DL). For example, in the UL direction, the terminal device can send uplink data to the network device via the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH); in the DL direction, the network device can send downlink data to the terminal device via the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The terminal device can be a terminal device supporting the new radio interface, which can access the network device via the air interface and initiate services such as calls and internet access. For example, the network device can be a RAN device mounted on a flight platform. When the RAN device is mounted on the flight platform, the RAN device moves synchronously with the flight platform. The RAN device and the flight platform can be considered as a single unit. In this case, the flight platform can be regarded as the RAN device, or it can be described as the flight platform operating in regenerative mode, meaning the flight platform possesses the functions of the RAN device. Additionally, the communication link between the flight platform and the terminal equipment can be referred to as a service link. When the communication system includes multiple flight platforms, the flight platforms can communicate with each other through the Xn interface. In practical applications, the network equipment can also be RAN equipment distributed on the flight platform based on DU, or it can directly serve as the flight platform; the specifics are not limited here.

[0082] The aforementioned flight platform can be a satellite, drone, or other aircraft. For example, the flight platform may include geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites, non-geostationary orbit satellites, low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites, medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellites, geosynchronous orbit satellites, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system platforms, high altitude platform stations (HAPS), hot air balloons, or high-orbit satellites, etc., and is not specifically limited here. This application uses a satellite as the flight platform for illustration.

[0083] Low-Earth orbit (LEO) and medium-Earth orbit (MEO) satellites can have their own orbital paths, and multiple satellites typically work together to provide communication over a fixed area. High-Earth orbit (GEO) satellites are generally stationary, and one or a few high-Earth orbit satellites provide communication over a fixed area.

[0084] Figure 2b illustrates a possible non-terrestrial network architecture. The architecture shown in Figure 2b is a transparent satellite architecture (RAN architecture). In this architecture, the satellite's role includes radio frequency filtering and frequency conversion and amplification. That is, the satellite primarily acts as an L1 relay, regenerating physical layer signals, and does not have any other higher protocol layers.

[0085] Figure 2c shows another possible non-terrestrial network architecture. In this architecture, the regenerative satellite does not have an inter-satellite link (ISL) but has the processing capabilities of a base station (gNB processed payload).

[0086] Figure 2d shows another possible non-terrestrial network architecture. In this architecture, the regenerative satellite has inter-satellite links and the processing capabilities of a base station (regenerative satellite with ISL, gNB processed payload).

[0087] Figure 2e shows another possible non-terrestrial network architecture. In this architecture, the regenerative satellite has DU processing capabilities for the base station (NG-RAN with a regenerative satellite based on gNB-DU).

[0088] Furthermore, the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other future communication technologies. The network architecture and service scenarios described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application. As those skilled in the art will understand, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0089] The following is a brief introduction to the concepts that may be involved in this application.

[0090] 1) Geosynchronous orbit (GSO) satellites:

[0091] GSO satellites are high-orbit satellites located at an altitude of approximately 35,786 kilometers above the Earth's surface. They rotate synchronously with the Earth and remain stationary relative to the ground. Correspondingly, the cells of GSO satellites are also stationary or quasi-stationary. GSO satellite cells have a large coverage area, with a typical cell diameter of 500 km.

[0092] 2) Non-geosynchronous orbit (NGSO) satellites.

[0093] NGSO satellites include MEO and LEO satellites. Since the satellites move relatively quickly relative to the ground, the service coverage area provided by MEO and LEO satellites also moves accordingly.

[0094] For low and medium Earth orbit satellites, the coverage areas provided by the satellites can be divided into two types:

[0095] Earth-fixed cell: The beam always covers the same geographical area.

[0096] Quasi-earth-fixed cell: A moving satellite forms a cell by adjusting its beam, and the cell remains stationary on the ground for a certain period of time.

[0097] Earth-moving cell: The satellite does not dynamically adjust its beam direction; the cell covered by the satellite's beam moves as the satellite moves.

[0098] GSO cells are cells that provide coverage for GSO satellites. GSO satellites can achieve both ground-stationary and quasi-ground-stationary cell coverage. NGSO cells are cells that provide coverage for NSGO satellites. NGSO cells can achieve both quasi-ground-stationary and ground-mobile cell coverage.

[0099] In this scheme, NGSO cells and GSO cells can be further extended to two cells with different flight platform altitudes. NGSO refers to a cell with a lower flight platform altitude, and GSO refers to a cell with a higher flight platform altitude. For example, NGSO cells and GSO cells refer to one LEO satellite cell and one MEO satellite cell. Or, NGSO cells and GSO cells refer to two cells with lower and higher LEO satellite orbital altitudes.

[0100] 3) Spectrum sharing:

[0101] Spectrum sharing allows GSO cells and NSGO cells to share the same spectrum, and also allows at least two cells from among GSO cells, NSGO cells, and terrestrial cells to share the same spectrum. Each cell dynamically allocates time-frequency resources to its respective users based on its own spectrum resources. Spectrum sharing can be implemented in two ways: static and dynamic. Static spectrum sharing refers to providing dedicated carriers for different orbit types within the same frequency band. Dynamic spectrum sharing refers to flexibly allocating spectrum resources for different orbit types within the same frequency band.

[0102] When NGSO and GSO share spectrum, interference and conflicts between the GSO and NGSO satellite systems increase dramatically. For example, a first terminal device is located in the GSO satellite system, and a second terminal device is located in the NGSO satellite system. For instance, the uplink from the first terminal device to the GSO satellite may interfere with the uplink from the second terminal device to the NGSO satellite. Similarly, the downlink from the GSO satellite to the first terminal device may interfere with the downlink from the NGSO satellite to the second terminal device. Therefore, interference management becomes an important means of spectrum sharing. Table 2 below shows several possible interference management methods:

[0103] Table 2: Interference Management Methods

[0104] In scenarios where NGSO and GSO spectrum sharing is used, how the NGSO satellite system (including terminal equipment and NGSO satellite cells) performs spectrum detection and how it manages interference when using cognitive networks is a problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0105] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, communication device, and storage medium, which, by clarifying the information required for spectrum detection in the NGSO satellite system, enable the NGSO satellite and terminal equipment to perform interference management based on the spectrum detection results.

[0106] The following sections describe the spectrum detection for the downlink and uplink separately. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application are applied to an NGSO system, which includes an NTN device and a first terminal device. The NTN device can be deployed on an NGSO satellite or on other flight platforms; the specific deployment is not limited here. This embodiment uses an NTN device deployed on a first NGSO satellite as an example for description.

[0107] I. Spectrum detection of the downlink.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 3. One communication method in this embodiment includes:

[0109] 301. The first NGSO satellite transmits first information to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the first information from the first NGSO satellite.

[0110] The first information is used by the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and the first terminal device is served by the first NGSO satellite. Alternatively, the first NGSO satellite can be said to provide services to the first terminal device.

[0111] Specifically, the first information can be used to instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection. For example, the first information is 1 bit information. If the first information is "0", it instructs the first terminal device not to perform spectrum detection; if the first information is "1", it instructs the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection.

[0112] The first information may also include at least one of the following:

[0113] Information on the first region, reporting conditions for detection results, number of detections, duration of detection, detection interval, detection cycle, detection threshold of the first GSO satellite system signal, power level set of the first GSO satellite, interference constraints of users of the first GSO satellite, transmission power level set of the first NGSO satellite, maximum transmission power of the first NGSO satellite, transmission power level set of the second NGSO satellite or maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite.

[0114] The first region information is the region information where the first terminal device performs spectrum detection, and the second NGSO satellite is the NGSO satellite adjacent to the first NGSO satellite.

[0115] The detection threshold of the first GSO satellite system signal can also be understood as the detection threshold of the first GSO satellite signal, but the specifics are not limited here.

[0116] The set of transmission power levels of the second NGSO satellite can also be the set of transmission power levels of at least one other NGSO satellite besides the first NGSO satellite; no specific limitation is made here.

[0117] The maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite can also be the maximum transmission power of at least one other NGSO satellite besides the first NGSO satellite; no specific limitation is made here.

[0118] It should be noted that the first NGSO satellite can instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection by carrying at least one of the aforementioned information in the first information. For example, the first information includes first area information; if the first terminal device receives the first area information, it indicates that the first terminal device needs to perform spectrum detection.

[0119] Optionally, if the first terminal device is in the RRC idle state and the serving cell of the first NGSO satellite is the cell where the first terminal device is camped, the first NGSO satellite can send the first information to the first terminal device via system messages. For example, the first NGSO satellite sends the first information to the first terminal device via a system information block (SIB), meaning the first information is carried in the SIB. The first terminal device initiates random access based on the SIB, thereby entering the RRC connected state to execute step 302.

[0120] Optionally, if the first terminal device is in RRC connection state, the first NGSO satellite can send the first information to the first terminal device via RRC signaling.

[0121] Optionally, the first NGSO satellite can also send the first information to the first terminal device via downlink control information (DCI) or media access control-control element (MAC-CE). That is, the first information can be carried in DCI or MAC-CE.

[0122] In this embodiment of the application, by clarifying the first information, the information required for the first terminal device in the NGSO system to perform spectrum detection is refined, thereby realizing the spectrum detection of the downlink in the NGSO system.

[0123] 302. The first terminal device performs spectrum detection.

[0124] The first terminal device performs spectrum detection based on the first information to determine whether a GSO satellite signal exists. If a GSO satellite signal exists, the transmission power level of the GSO satellite is identified to obtain the second information.

[0125] 303. The first terminal device sends second information to the first NGSO satellite. Correspondingly, the first NGSO satellite receives the second information from the first terminal device.

[0126] The first terminal device obtains second information based on spectrum detection, and the second information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0127] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0128] The existence of the first GSO satellite can be understood as the existence of the GSO system, but this is not specifically defined here.

[0129] The transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite can be the transmission power level of at least one other NGSO satellite besides the first NGSO satellite; the specific level is not limited here.

[0130] The first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status based on the second information; in other words, the first NGSO satellite determines the launch status based on the second information.

[0131] 304. The first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status.

[0132] If the first NGSO satellite determines, based on the second information, that there is interference with the GSO satellite, then the first NGSO satellite performs at least one of the following:

[0133] Stop transmitting downlink signals on the first frequency, adjust the transmission power level on the first frequency, turn off the downlink service beam, or adjust the direction of the downlink service beam.

[0134] The first frequency is the frequency for transmitting downlink signals, or in other words, the first frequency is the frequency for transmitting downlink service beams, which are the beams between the first NGSO satellite and the first terminal equipment.

[0135] Optionally, the embodiment shown in FIG3 further includes step 300. Step 300 may be performed before step 301.

[0136] 300. The first NGSO satellite acquired instruction information.

[0137] The first NGSO satellite can acquire indication information used to determine the first information. The indication information indicates at least one of the following:

[0138] The set of transmission power levels of the GSO satellite system, the interference constraints of the GSO satellite system (maximum tolerable interference limit), the detection threshold of the GSO satellite system signal, the set of transmission power levels of the NGSO satellite system, the maximum transmission power of the NGSO satellite system, the set of transmission power levels of at least one other NGSO satellite system, the maximum transmission power of at least one other NGSO satellite system, the area information for spectrum detection performed by the UE, the number of detections, the duration of detection, and the detection interval / detection cycle.

[0139] In one possible implementation, the acquisition of indication information by the first NGSO satellite can be understood as receiving indication information from the CN, or from the operations, administration and maintenance (OAM) network element (or network element).

[0140] In another possible implementation, the indication information can be predefined by the protocol, and the acquisition of indication information by the first NGSO satellite can be understood as the determination of indication information by the first NGSO satellite.

[0141] The embodiment shown in Figure 3 describes the spectrum detection of the downlink. The spectrum detection of the uplink will be described below.

[0142] II. Uplink spectrum detection.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 4. One communication method in this embodiment includes:

[0144] 401. The first NGSO satellite acquired the third information.

[0145] The first NGSO satellite can acquire third information, which is used by the first NGSO satellite for spectrum detection. The third information includes at least one of the following:

[0146] The transmission power level set of the second terminal device, the interference constraint condition of the second terminal device, the detection threshold of the signal of the second terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the transmission power level set of the first terminal device, the transmission power level set of the third terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the third terminal device, the second area information, the number of detections, the duration of detection, and the detection interval or detection cycle.

[0147] The second terminal device is provided with services by the first GSO satellite, the third terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite, and the second regional information is the regional information for spectrum detection by the first NGSO satellite.

[0148] The transmission power level set of the second terminal device can also be understood as the transmission power level set of the GSO system, the interference constraint condition of the second terminal device can also be understood as the interference constraint condition of the GSO system, and the signal detection threshold of the second terminal device can also be understood as the signal detection threshold of the GSO system. No specific restrictions are made here.

[0149] The maximum transmission power of the first terminal device's transmission power level set can also be understood as the maximum transmission power of the NGSO system's transmission power level set, but this is not specifically defined here.

[0150] The maximum transmission power of the third terminal device can also be understood as the maximum transmission power of at least one other NGSO system, but this is not specifically defined here.

[0151] In one possible implementation, the acquisition of third information by the first NGSO satellite can be understood as receiving third information from CN or OAM network elements.

[0152] In another possible implementation, the third information can be predefined by the protocol, and the acquisition of the third information by the first NGSO satellite can be understood as the determination of the third information by the first NGSO satellite.

[0153] 402. The first NGSO satellite performs spectrum detection.

[0154] The first NGSO satellite performs spectrum detection based on the third information to determine whether there is a signal from a terminal device in the GSO system (e.g., a second terminal device). If so, the first NGSO satellite identifies the transmission power level of the terminal device to determine its uplink configuration, i.e., the fourth information.

[0155] 403. The first NGSO satellite sends the fourth message to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the fourth message from the first NGSO satellite.

[0156] The fourth information is used by the first terminal device to determine the transmission status, the first terminal device being served by the first NGSO satellite. In one possible implementation, the fourth information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0157] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0158] The first terminal device determines the transmission status based on the fourth piece of information.

[0159] In another possible implementation, the fourth information is used to indicate the transmission status of the first terminal device. Specifically, the fourth information is used to instruct the first terminal device to perform at least one of the following:

[0160] Whether uplink transmission is possible, the frequency domain (carrier / bandwidth part (BWP) / resource block (RB)) information of the uplink signal that can be transmitted, the power level information of the uplink signal, the start time of the first transmission power, and the end time of the first transmission power.

[0161] Wherein, the first transmission power is the power used by the first terminal device to send uplink signals, and the specific form of the uplink signal is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0162] The communication method in the embodiments of this application has been described above. The communication device in the embodiments of this application is described below. Referring to Figure 5, the communication device 500 can be used to execute the process performed by the first NGSO satellite in the embodiments shown in Figure 3 or 4. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments. The communication device 500 can be a network device, a component or device applied to a network device (e.g., a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of a network device.

[0163] The communication device 500 includes an interface module 501 and a processing module 502.

[0164] The processing module 502 is used for data processing. The interface module 501 can implement corresponding communication functions. The interface module 501 can also be called a communication interface or a communication module.

[0165] Optionally, the communication device 500 may further include a storage module, which can be used to store program code, program instructions and / or data. The processing module 502 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module so that the communication device 500 can implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0166] The communication device 500 can be used to perform the actions performed by the first NGSO satellite in the above method embodiments. For example, it can be the first NGSO satellite, its communication module, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions within the first NGSO satellite. The communication device 500 can be the first NGSO satellite or a component configurable on the first NGSO satellite. The processing module 502 is used to perform processing-related operations on the first NGSO satellite side in the above method embodiments. The interface module 501 is used to perform reception-related operations on the first NGSO satellite side in the above method embodiments.

[0167] Optionally, interface module 501 may include a sending module and a receiving module. The sending module is used to perform the sending operation in the above method embodiments. The receiving module is used to perform the receiving operation in the above method embodiments.

[0168] It should be noted that the communication device 500 may include a transmitting module but not a receiving module. Alternatively, the communication device 500 may include a receiving module but not a transmitting module. Specifically, it depends on whether the above-described scheme performed by the communication device 500 includes both transmitting and receiving actions. For example, the communication device 500 is used to perform the actions performed by the first NGSO satellite in the embodiments shown in Figure 3 or 4. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the embodiments shown in Figure 3 or 4; they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0169] For example, the communication device 500 is used to execute the following scheme:

[0170] Interface module 501 is used to send first information, which is used by the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection. The first terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite.

[0171] The interface module 501 is also used to receive second information, which is obtained by the first terminal device performing spectrum detection. The second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission status.

[0172] Processing module 502 is used to determine the transmission status based on the second information.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and / or the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0174] Information on the first region, reporting conditions for detection results, number of detections, duration of detection, detection interval, detection cycle, detection threshold value of the first geostationary orbit GSO satellite system signal, power level set of the first GSO satellite, interference constraints of users of the first GSO satellite, transmission power level set of the first NGSO satellite, maximum transmission power of the first NGSO satellite, transmission power level set of the second NGSO satellite or maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite.

[0175] The first region information is the region information where the first terminal device performs spectrum detection, and the second NGSO satellite is the NGSO satellite adjacent to the first NGSO satellite.

[0176] In another possible implementation, the second information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0177] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0178] In another possible implementation, the first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status by any one of the following: the first NGSO satellite stops transmitting downlink signals on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite adjusts the transmission power level on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite turns off the downlink service beam, or the first NGSO satellite adjusts the direction of the downlink service beam.

[0179] In another possible implementation, the processing module 502 is also used to acquire indication information, which is used to determine the first information.

[0180] For example, the communication device 500 is used to execute the following scheme:

[0181] Processing module 502 is used to acquire third information, which is used by the first NGSO satellite to perform spectrum detection;

[0182] Interface module 501 is used to send fourth information, which is used by the first terminal device to determine the transmission status. The first terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite.

[0183] In one possible implementation, the third information includes at least one of the following:

[0184] The transmission power level set of the second terminal device, the interference constraint condition of the second terminal device, the detection threshold of the signal of the second terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the transmission power level set of the first terminal device, the transmission power level set of the third terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the third terminal device, the second area information, the number of detections, the duration of detection, and the detection interval or detection cycle.

[0185] The second terminal device is provided with services by the first GSO satellite, the third terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite, and the second regional information is the regional information for spectrum detection by the first NGSO satellite.

[0186] In another possible implementation, the fourth piece of information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0187] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0188] In another possible implementation, the fourth information is used to indicate whether the first terminal device performs uplink transmission, and / or the fourth information includes frequency domain information for transmitting uplink signals, first transmission power level information for transmitting uplink signals, and the activation time or termination time of the first transmission power.

[0189] It should be understood that the specific procedures for each module to perform the above-mentioned corresponding processes have been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0190] The processing module 502 in the above embodiments can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The interface module 501 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuitry. The interface module 501 can also be referred to as a communication module or communication interface. The storage module can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0191] The following is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device according to an embodiment of this application. Referring to FIG6, the communication device can be used to execute the process performed by the first terminal device in the embodiment shown in FIG3 or FIG4, and the specific details can be found in the relevant descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0192] The communication device 600 includes an interface module 601. Optionally, a processing module 602.

[0193] The processing module 602 is used for data processing. The interface module 601 can implement corresponding communication functions. The interface module 601 can also be called a communication interface or a communication module.

[0194] Optionally, the communication device 600 may further include a storage module, which can be used to store program code, program instructions and / or data. The processing module 602 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module so that the communication device 600 can implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0195] The communication device 600 can be used to perform the actions performed by the first terminal device in the above method embodiments. For example, it can be the first terminal device, a communication module within the first terminal device, or a circuit or chip in the first terminal device responsible for communication functions. The communication device 600 can be the first terminal device or a component configurable on the first terminal device. The processing module 602 is used to perform processing-related operations on the first terminal device side in the above method embodiments. The interface module 601 is used to perform receiving-related operations on the first terminal device side in the above method embodiments.

[0196] Optionally, interface module 601 may include a sending module and a receiving module. The sending module is used to perform the sending operation in the above method embodiments. The receiving module is used to perform the receiving operation in the above method embodiments.

[0197] It should be noted that the communication device 600 may include a transmitting module but not a receiving module. Alternatively, the communication device 600 may include a receiving module but not a transmitting module. Specifically, it depends on whether the above-described scheme executed by the communication device 600 includes both transmitting and receiving actions. For example, the communication device 600 is used to execute the actions performed by the first terminal device in the embodiments shown in FIG3 or FIG4. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the embodiments shown in FIG3 or FIG4, which will not be elaborated here.

[0198] For example, the communication device 600 is used to execute the following scheme:

[0199] Interface module 601 is used to receive first information, which is used by the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection. The first terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite.

[0200] Processing module 602 is used to perform spectrum detection based on the first information;

[0201] The interface module 601 is also used to send second information, which is obtained by spectrum detection, and the second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission status.

[0202] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and / or the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0203] Information on the first region, reporting conditions for detection results, number of detections, duration of detection, detection interval, detection cycle, detection threshold value of the first geostationary orbit GSO satellite system signal, power level set of the first GSO satellite, interference constraints of users of the first GSO satellite, transmission power level set of the first NGSO satellite, maximum transmission power of the first NGSO satellite, transmission power level set of the second NGSO satellite or maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite.

[0204] The first region information refers to the region information where the first terminal device performs spectrum detection, and the second NGSO satellite refers to the satellite adjacent to the first NGSO satellite.

[0205] In another possible implementation, the second information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0206] The existence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

[0207] In another possible implementation, the first NGSO satellite determines the transmission status by any one of the following: the first NGSO satellite stops transmitting downlink signals on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite adjusts the transmission power level on the first frequency, the first NGSO satellite turns off the downlink service beam, or the first NGSO satellite adjusts the direction of the downlink service beam.

[0208] It should be understood that the specific procedures for each module to perform the above-mentioned corresponding processes have been described in detail in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0209] Optionally, when the communication device 600 is a terminal device or a communication module within a terminal device, the processing module 602 in the above embodiments can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip. The interface module 601 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuitry. The interface module 601 may also be referred to as a communication module or communication interface. The storage module can be implemented by at least one memory.

[0210] Optionally, when the communication device 600 is a circuit or chip in a terminal device responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip or a SoC chip or SIP chip containing a modem core, the function of the processing module 602 can be implemented by a circuit system in the aforementioned chip that includes one or more processors or processing cores. The function of the interface module 601 can be implemented by the interface circuit or data transceiver circuit on the aforementioned chip.

[0211] The following describes a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device may be a first NGSO satellite or a first terminal device in the above method embodiments, or it may be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the first NGSO satellite or the first terminal device in implementing the above methods. This communication device can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments, and for details, please refer to the description in the above method embodiments.

[0212] The communication device may include one or more processors 701, which are connected to a memory 702, an input / output unit 703, and a bus 704. The processor 701 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control the communication device (e.g., base station, baseband chip, terminal, terminal chip, DU or CU, etc.), execute software programs, and process data from the software programs.

[0213] Optionally, the communication device may include one or more memories 702, which may store instructions that can be executed on the processor 701, causing the communication device to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memories 702 may also store data. The processor 701 and the memories 702 may be provided separately or integrated together.

[0214] Optionally, the communication device may also include a transceiver and an antenna. A transceiver, also called a transceiver unit, transceiver, or transceiver circuit, is used to implement transmission and reception functions. A transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter; the receiver, also called a receiver circuit, is used to implement the receiving function; the transmitter, also called a transmitter or transmitting circuit, is used to implement the transmitting function.

[0215] In another possible design, the processor 701 may include a transceiver for implementing receive and transmit functions. For example, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, or an interface circuit. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit for implementing receive and transmit functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit can be used for reading and writing code / data, or it can be used for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0216] In another possible design, the processor 701 may optionally store instructions that, when executed, cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The instructions may be stored in the processor 701; in this case, the processor 701 may be implemented in hardware.

[0217] In another possible design, the communication device may include circuitry that can perform the transmitting or receiving or communication functions of the first NGSO satellite or the first terminal device in the aforementioned method embodiments. The processor and transceiver described in this application embodiment can be implemented on integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic devices, etc. The processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS), n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), p-type metal oxide semiconductors (PMOS), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

[0218] The communication device described in the above embodiments may be a first NGSO satellite or a first terminal device, but the scope of the communication device described in the embodiments of this application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device may not be limited to FIG. 7. The communication device may be a standalone device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be:

[0219] (1) Independent integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem;

[0220] (2) A collection of one or more ICs, optionally including a storage component for storing data and instructions;

[0221] (3) ASIC, such as modem;

[0222] (4) Modules that can be embedded in other devices;

[0223] (5) Receivers, terminals, smart terminals, cellular phones, wireless devices, handheld devices, mobile units, vehicle-mounted devices, network devices, cloud devices, artificial intelligence devices, etc.

[0224] (6) Others, etc.

[0225] For communication devices that can be chips or chip systems, please refer to the schematic diagram of the chip structure shown in Figure 8. The chip 800 shown in Figure 8 includes a processor 801 and an interface 802. Optionally, it may also include a memory 803. The number of processors 801 can be one or more, and the number of interfaces 802 can be multiple.

[0226] For cases where the chip is used to implement the functions of the first NGSO satellite or the first terminal device in the embodiments of this application:

[0227] The interface 802 is used to receive or output signals;

[0228] The processor 801 is used to perform data processing operations on the first NGSO satellite or the first terminal device.

[0229] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the communication device given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0230] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor described above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0231] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAK are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0232] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in the foregoing embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile storage medium.

[0233] This application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0234] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0235] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0236] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0237] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0238] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0239] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks (SSDs)).

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a first non-geosynchronous orbit NGSO satellite, and the method includes: Send first information, the first information being used by a first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, the first terminal device being provided by the first NGSO satellite; The first terminal device receives second information, which is obtained by performing spectrum detection. The second information is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission status.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information is used to instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and / or the first information includes at least one of the following: Information on the first region, reporting conditions for detection results, number of detections, duration of detection, detection interval, detection cycle, detection threshold value of the first geostationary orbit GSO satellite system signal, power level set of the first GSO satellite, interference constraints of the users of the first GSO satellite, transmission power level set of the first NGSO satellite, maximum transmission power of the first NGSO satellite, transmission power level set of the second NGSO satellite or maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite. Wherein, the first area information is the area information in which the first terminal device performs spectrum detection, and the second NGSO satellite is the NGSO satellite adjacent to the first NGSO satellite.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second information is used to indicate at least one of the following: The presence or absence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first NGSO satellite determines its transmission status by any one of the following: the first NGSO satellite stops transmitting downlink signals on the first frequency; the first NGSO satellite adjusts its transmission power level on the first frequency; the first NGSO satellite turns off the downlink service beam; or the first NGSO satellite adjusts the direction of the downlink service beam.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain indication information, which is used to determine the first information.

6. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a first NGSO satellite, and the method includes: Obtain third information, which is used by the first NGSO satellite to perform spectrum detection; A fourth message is sent, which is used by the first terminal device to determine the transmission status. The first terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The third information includes at least one of the following: The transmission power level set of the second terminal device, the interference constraint condition of the second terminal device, the detection threshold of the signal of the second terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the transmission power level set of the first terminal device, the transmission power level set of the third terminal device, the maximum transmission power of the third terminal device, the second area information, the number of detections, the duration of detection, and the detection interval or detection cycle. The second terminal device is provided with services by the first GSO satellite, the third terminal device is provided with services by the first NGSO satellite, and the second area information is the area information for spectrum detection by the first NGSO satellite.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The fourth piece of information is used to indicate at least one of the following: The presence or absence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The fourth information is used to indicate whether the first terminal device performs uplink transmission, and / or the fourth information includes frequency domain information for transmitting uplink signals, first transmission power level information for transmitting uplink signals, and the activation time or end time of the first transmission power.

10. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a first terminal device, and the method includes: Receive first information, the first information being used by the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, the first terminal device being provided by the first NGSO satellite; A second message is sent, which is obtained by spectrum detection, and the second message is used by the first NGSO satellite to determine the transmission status.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first information is used to instruct the first terminal device to perform spectrum detection, and / or the first information includes at least one of the following: Information on the first region, reporting conditions for detection results, number of detections, duration of detection, detection interval, detection cycle, detection threshold value of the first geostationary orbit GSO satellite system signal, power level set of the first GSO satellite, interference constraints of the users of the first GSO satellite, transmission power level set of the first NGSO satellite, maximum transmission power of the first NGSO satellite, transmission power level set of the second NGSO satellite or maximum transmission power of the second NGSO satellite. Wherein, the first area information is the area information in which the first terminal device performs spectrum detection, and the second NGSO satellite is a satellite adjacent to the first NGSO satellite.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The second information is used to indicate at least one of the following: The presence or absence of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first GSO satellite, the transmission power level of the first NGSO satellite, the transmission power level of the second NGSO satellite, the location information of the first terminal device, or the downlink service beam information of the first NGSO satellite.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that, The first NGSO satellite determines its transmission status by any one of the following: the first NGSO satellite stops transmitting downlink signals on the first frequency; the first NGSO satellite adjusts its transmission power level on the first frequency; the first NGSO satellite turns off the downlink service beam; or the first NGSO satellite adjusts the direction of the downlink service beam.

14. A communications device, characterized by Includes modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

15. A communications device, characterized by Includes modules or units for performing the method as described in any one of claims 10 to 13.

16. A communications device, characterized by include: a processor configured to execute a program causing the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

17. A communications device, characterized by comprising: a processor configured to execute a program causing the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 10 to 13.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, or cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 10 to 13.

19. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that, instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, or cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 10 to 13.

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