Self-engaging / disengaging planetary transmission device and multi-power-source driving system
By designing a self-clutch planetary transmission device, the problems of untimely clutch switching and complex structure in existing technologies are solved, enabling the coordinated operation of multiple power sources, improving work efficiency and stability, and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TANG LONGHUA
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-09
Smart Images
Figure CN2025071935_09072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Self-clutch planetary transmission device and multi-power source drive system Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a transmission device in the field of mechanical transmission, specifically a self-clutch planetary transmission device. This invention also relates to a multi-power source drive system in which a corresponding self-clutch planetary transmission device is used as the transmission device. Background Technology
[0002] Planetary transmission devices are widely used in drive systems for garden machinery, medical devices, power tools, small household appliances, smart homes, and new energy vehicle components due to their advantages such as large load capacity per unit volume, wide power transmission range, low operating noise, high efficiency, and long lifespan. Examples include electric curtains, electric wheelchairs, electric lawnmowers, and automatic garage doors.
[0003] In drive systems where multiple power sources alternate and work together, motion interference may occur between the power sources. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a clutch-type planetary transmission device to realize the function of transmitting power from the engine to the driven machine and bidirectionally interrupting the transmission of power from the driven machine to the engine. Existing clutch-type planetary transmission devices mainly use clutches such as electromagnetic clutches, friction clutches, and jaw clutches. Technical issues
[0004] However, existing clutch planetary transmission devices have the following problems: clutch switching is not timely, making it difficult to achieve coordinated operation of multiple power sources; due to the equipped complex clutch control system (such as cables, pneumatic / hydraulic components, motor cranks, electromagnetic coils and other actuators), operation is inconvenient, the structure is complex, and the working stability is reduced; the large size and weight increase the product cost. Technical solutions
[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a self-clutching planetary transmission device, comprising a fixed component, a power input component, and a connecting component; a planetary gear train is arranged on the power transmission path between the power input component and the connecting component, the planetary gear train including a sun gear, planetary gears, an internal ring gear, and a planet carrier; a bidirectional overrunning clutch is arranged between the planet carrier and the fixed component; the bidirectional overrunning clutch includes a locking ring, an intermediary, and a pawl; the intermediary is movable between an engaged position that prevents the planet carrier from rotating and a disengaged position that allows the planet carrier to rotate freely; power is input from the sun gear, output to the internal ring gear via the planetary gear train, and the intermediary is located in the engaged position; a safety clutch is arranged on the power transmission path between the pawl and the connecting component, the force by which the pawl unlocks the bidirectional overrunning clutch comes from the power transmitted by the connecting component.
[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the planetary gears and the sun gear form an external meshing transmission relationship, and the planetary gears and the internal gear ring form an internal meshing transmission relationship; the connecting assembly includes a transmission disk, which is positioned on the fixed axis of the planetary gear train, and the transmission disk and the internal gear ring can rotate freely within a preset angle range; the pawl is equipped with a paddle, which forms an abutment contact with the intermediate member when the paddle rotates; the locking ring is sleeved on the outside of the planetary carrier, and in this structure, the planetary carrier serves as both a structural component of the planetary gear train and a structural component of the bidirectional overrunning clutch; the safety clutch uses at least one element selected from springs, elastic rubber, friction plates, and magnetic elements provided by the present invention to achieve overload protection for the device.
[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission disc is provided with a corrugated surface, the spring is disposed on the pawl, and the spring contacts the corrugated surface; the corrugated surface is provided with a groove, the spring is provided with a protrusion, and the groove matches the protrusion; the internal gear ring is provided with toothed teeth, the transmission disc is provided with toothed grooves, and a gap is provided between the toothed teeth and the toothed grooves; the locking ring is provided with a cylindrical surface, the planetary carrier is provided with a working surface, the cylindrical surface and the working surface form a wedge angle, and the intermediary is installed between the working surface and the cylindrical surface; the force by which the pawl pushes the intermediary away from the engagement position and into the disengagement position comes from the power transmitted by the transmission disc.
[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the planetary gear is provided with a central hole, the planet carrier is provided with a gear shaft, and the planetary gear is mounted on the gear shaft; when the planetary gear train rotates only due to the power transmitted by the connecting assembly, the planetary gear rotates both around its own geometric axis and around the fixed axis of the planetary gear train with the planet carrier; the power input assembly includes the sun gear and a component connected to the sun gear in a manner that transmits torque synchronously; the connecting assembly includes the internal gear ring and a component connected to the internal gear ring in a manner that transmits torque synchronously; during the process of power being transmitted from the power input assembly to the connecting assembly through the planetary gear train, the planetary gear train causes the torque output by the connecting assembly to be greater than the torque input by the power input assembly, and the rotation direction of the connecting assembly is opposite to the rotation direction of the power input assembly.
[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fixing assembly includes a first housing and a second housing, with a third seal disposed between the first housing and the second housing; a locking ring is fixedly connected to the first housing, and the first housing is fixedly connected to the second housing, the first housing and the second housing forming a mounting cavity for accommodating the bidirectional overrunning clutch; a first bearing and a first seal are disposed between the power input assembly and the fixing assembly; a second bearing is disposed between the power input assembly and the connecting assembly; and a third bearing and a second seal are disposed between the connecting assembly and the fixing assembly.
[0010] The present invention also provides a multi-power source drive system, including an engine, a working machine, and a self-clutch planetary transmission device according to the above-described embodiments disposed on the power transmission path between the engine and the working machine.
[0011] For ease of description and understanding, it should be specifically noted that the meanings of the relevant concepts or terms used in this invention document are as follows.
[0012] "Combined entity" is short for "coexisting as one," referring to multiple components combined into a single component. For example, in this invention, the transmission disc and the internal gear ring are combined; the locking ring and the first housing are combined; and the large gear and the sun gear are combined.
[0013] Failure: refers to the inability of a mechanism or component to function properly due to human or objective reasons, thus losing its basic function. For example, disengaging the spring plate from the corrugated surface in a safety clutch by disrupting the basic relationship between the components.
[0014] Engagement state: refers to the state in which the locking ring of the bidirectional overrunning clutch and the planetary carrier are wedged together by the intermediary in the engagement position without relative rotation.
[0015] Disengaged state: refers to the state in which the intermediate component of the bidirectional overrunning clutch remains in the disengaged position, and the planetary carrier can rotate freely relative to the locking ring.
[0016] Unlocking: refers to the process where, under the action of the paddle shifter, the intermediary component of the two-way overrunning clutch moves from the engaged position to the disengaged position, thereby disengaging the two-way overrunning clutch.
[0017] Wedge engagement: refers to the planetary carrier rotating actively relative to the pawl, causing the intermediate component to move from the disengaged position to the engaged position, thus engaging the bidirectional overrunning clutch.
[0018] Engine: refers to a machine capable of converting other forms of energy into mechanical energy. In this invention, it includes, but is not limited to, electric motors, as well as internal combustion engines, external combustion engines, water turbines, windmills, etc.
[0019] A working machine refers to an actuator that transmits power generated by an engine to a power terminal via a self-clutch planetary transmission to meet specific requirements for speed, form, and power. In this invention, the working machine includes, but is not limited to, wheels, and also includes, for example, the latch of an electronic door lock with a manual operation mode, the curtain of an electric curtain, the sliding door of an automatic door, the valve of an electric valve, and the piston of an electric glue gun.
[0020] Positive power inflow: refers to the power transmission path from the engine to the working machine via the self-clutch planetary transmission device.
[0021] Reverse power inflow: refers to the power transmission path from the working machine to the self-clutch planetary transmission device, where the power generated by the second power source flows in reverse.
[0022] "Power input component": It consists of the sun gear and all the components that are rigidly connected to it or rotate in coordination with it through a specific torque transmission method. Its core function is to receive the power output from the external power source (such as an engine) and stably introduce it into the planetary gear train. It is the key starting part of power transmission and is located at the front end of the power input in the entire transmission device, which determines the initial power transmission characteristics and parameters.
[0023] "Connecting components": mainly include the internal gear ring and various parts closely connected to it to ensure synchronous rotation and torque transmission. Its main function is to receive the power output from the planetary gear train and effectively transmit it to the working machine. It is an important link in the power transmission path that connects the planetary gear train and the working machine, and has a direct impact on the final power output effect and the operating status of the working machine.
[0024] Overrunning rotation refers to the rotation of downstream components or assemblies along the path from the engine to the working machine via a self-clutch planetary transmission, caused by the action of a second power source, without altering the motion state of the upstream components or assemblies and without being constrained by them. For example, in a self-clutch planetary transmission, when the sun gear is stationary due to resistance, the transmission disc can rotate in any direction under the power of the second power source; this is one form of overrunning rotation. Another form is when the engine drives the working machine to rotate, and under the action of the second power source, the working machine rotates at a speed unconstrained by the engine; this is another form of overrunning rotation. Specifically, in a multi-power-source drive system, the power from the second power source flows in reverse into the working machine, and the torque is transmitted to the planetary gear train via the connecting assembly. The bidirectional overrunning clutch switches to the disengaged state, the planet carrier continuously distributes power, and the power input components maintain the motion state driven by the first power source without continuous change.
[0025] Two-way autonomous separation: In a self-clutch planetary transmission, when the sun gear is subjected to static resistance, the transmission disc can rotate freely in both directions relative to it; in a multi-power source drive system, when the engine is not working, the working machine can also rotate freely in both directions relative to the engine.
[0026] The primary power source refers to the engine whose power is amplified by the planetary gear system and then transmitted to the working machine.
[0027] Secondary power source: In contrast to the primary power source, this refers to the human or physical potential energy or a second engine that enables the connecting components or working machine to rotate beyond their limits. For example, in some tools, a person's hand directly or indirectly transmits power to the working machine through a handle, causing the working machine to rotate beyond its limits. Other examples include a vehicle body with kinetic or gravitational potential energy that enables the wheels to rotate beyond their limits, and a secondary engine used in hybrid vehicles. Beneficial effects
[0028] In this invention, the power to unlock the bidirectional overrunning clutch comes from the power transmitted by the transmission plate, while the power to engage the bidirectional overrunning clutch comes from the power transmitted by the sun gear. Therefore, this invention has the function of autonomously engaging and disengaging the bidirectional overrunning clutch, overcoming the problems of traditional planetary transmission devices that require additional activation of actuators such as cables, electric switches, and hydraulic systems to switch clutches, resulting in complex structures and untimely clutch engagement. This invention improves the response speed of clutch switching in planetary transmission devices. Applied to drive systems, machines, and equipment with multiple power sources working collaboratively, it optimizes the collaborative operation of multiple power sources, speeds up work, saves working time, improves work efficiency, and further reduces motion interference between power sources, thus improving engine economy.
[0029] In this invention, the planet carrier is both a component of the planetary gear train and a part of the bidirectional overrunning clutch. This not only saves construction space in the axial and radial directions of the fixed axis, but also reduces the production cost of the bidirectional overrunning clutch because the star wheel and planet carrier are integrated, requiring less material and being easier to process.
[0030] This invention features a self-engaging, bidirectional overrunning clutch without cables or wires penetrating the first or second housing, facilitating the formation of a sealed mounting cavity for the fixing components. This prevents aging, breakage, or wear of cables and wires from causing debris to enter the transmission device, avoids lubricant contamination, ensures normal gear operation, and improves the stability of the transmission device.
[0031] This invention includes a bidirectional overrunning clutch and a planetary gear system, which can amplify the engine torque and transmit it to the working machine, and can also independently separate in both directions to prevent the working machine's power from being transmitted back to the engine, reduce the impact on the transmission device, avoid the engine from being rotated passively, and extend the engine's life. Attached Figure Description
[0032] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-power source drive system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 2 is an assembly schematic diagram of a self-clutching planetary transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the fixing component in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0036] Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of a bidirectional overrunning clutch in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] Figure 5 is an explosion diagram of a planetary gear train in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the connecting components in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0039] Figure 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the safety clutch in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0040] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a bidirectional overrunning clutch in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0041] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the movable component on one side of the lever in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0042] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an electric safety door according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0043] The corresponding part numbers in the diagram are as follows:
[0044] 100. Self-clutching planetary transmission; 100X. Fixed axis; 120. Fixed assembly; 130. Bidirectional overrunning clutch; 140. Planetary gear train; 150. Power input assembly; 160. Connecting assembly; 170. Safety clutch; 1. Sun gear; 1a. First connecting key; 1b. First shoulder; 2. First bearing; 3. Pad; 3a. Paddle; 3b. Spring; 3c. Protrusion; 4. Planetary gear; 4a. Center hole; 4X. Geometric axis; 5. Internal gear ring; 5a. Tooth profile; 6. Third bearing; 7. First housing; 7a. Mounting hole; 7b. Stop block; 8. Transmission disc; 8a. Tooth profile groove; 8b. Corrugated surface; 8c. Second connecting key; 8d, Groove; 8e, Thread; d1, Angle; 9, Second Seal; 10, Second Housing; 11, Second Bearing; 12, Planetary Carrier; 12a, Working Surface; 12b, Gear Shaft; 12c, Stop Surface; 13, Second Fastener; 14, Third Seal; 15, Intermediate Part; 16, Locking Ring; 16a, Cylindrical Surface; 16b, Inner Stop; 17, First Seal; 18, Large Gear; 200, Multi-Power Source Drive System; 210, Engine; 220, Gearbox; 230, Working Machine; 300, Electric Safety Door; 210A, Electric Motor; 320, Door Frame; 230A, Door Leaf; 341, First Magnetic Block; 342, Second Magnetic Block; 350, Handle. The best embodiment of the present invention
[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "inertial direction," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or part referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the term "inertial direction" refers to the part continuing to run under its own inertial force when it loses driving force, or continuing to run along the previous direction of operation after reloading. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two parts or the interaction between two parts, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0046] Referring to Figure 1, a structural diagram of a multi-power source drive system 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. A self-clutch planetary transmission 100 is disposed between the engine 210 and the working machine 230.
[0047] The self-clutching planetary transmission device 100 includes a fixed component 120, a power input component 150, and a connecting component 160. A planetary gear train 140 is provided between the power input component 150 and the connecting component 160. The planetary gear train 140 includes a sun gear 1, planetary gears 4, an internal gear ring 5, and a planet carrier 12. A bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 is provided between the planet carrier 12 and the fixed component 120. The bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 includes a locking ring 16, an intermediary component 15, a pawl 3, and the planet carrier 12.
[0048] The connecting assembly 160 includes a transmission disc 8 and an internal gear ring 5. The rotation axis of the transmission disc 8 is located on the fixed axis 100X of the planetary gear train 140.
[0049] The power input assembly 150 includes a large gear 18 and a sun gear 1. The large gear 18 and the sun gear 1 are connected together in a torque transmission connection. The rotation axis of the sun gear 1 is the fixed axis 100X of the planetary gear train 140.
[0050] Referring to Figure 2, the self-clutch planetary transmission 100 includes the following components: sun gear 1, first bearing 2, pawl 3, planetary gear 4, internal gear ring 5, third bearing 6, first housing 7, transmission disc 8, second seal 9, second housing 10, second bearing 11, planetary carrier 12, second fastener 13, third seal 14, intermediary 15, locking ring 16, first seal 17, and large gear 18. The first bearing 2 and first seal 17 are disposed between the sun gear 1 and the first housing 7. The second seal 9 and third bearing 6 are installed between the transmission disc 8 and the second housing 10. The second bearing 11 is installed between the sun gear 1 and the internal gear ring 5, and the second bearing 11 is mounted on the first shoulder 1b.
[0051] Referring to Figures 2 and 3, a locking ring 16 is fixed between the first housing 7 and the second housing 10. The locking ring 16 has an inner stop 16b, which engages with a stop block 7b on the first housing 7 to restrict the rotation of the locking ring 16. A third seal 14 is installed between the first housing 7 and the second housing 10. A second fastener 13 securely connects the first housing 7 and the second housing 10 together, forming a mounting cavity, in which a bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 is installed.
[0052] The first housing 7 and the second housing 10 are fixedly connected together by fasteners. As an optional embodiment, the first housing 7 and the second housing 10 are fixedly connected together by welding or snap-fitting; the welding methods include ultrasonic welding, laser welding, spot welding, etc.
[0053] Referring to Figures 2, 4, and 8, the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 includes: a locking ring 16, a planetary carrier 12, an intermediary component 15, and a pawl 3. The locking ring 16 has a cylindrical surface 16a and is the outer ring of the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130. The planetary carrier 12 is also the planetary wheel of the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130, and has a working surface 12a. The cylindrical surface 16a forms a wedge angle with the working surface 12a. The planetary carrier 12 also has a stop surface 12c, and the stop surface 12c, the working surface 12a, and the cylindrical surface 16a form an area for placing the intermediary component 15. The intermediary component 15 has an arcuate surface, and the locking ring 16 is mounted on the outer side of the planetary carrier 12.
[0054] The pawl 3 is provided with a paddle 3a, which rotates to abut against the intermediary member 15. When the pawl 3 is rotated, the intermediary member 15 can move from the engaged position to the disengaged position of the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 under the push of the paddle 3a.
[0055] There are 6 intermediate parts 15 and 3 paddles 3a. The paddle 3 is a whole consisting of multiple parts with features such as paddles 3a and springs 3b.
[0056] As a specific implementation, referring to Figures 2 and 5, the planetary gear train 140 includes a planet carrier 12, planetary gears 4, a sun gear 1, and an internal gear ring 5. The planetary gears 4 externally mesh with the sun gear 1 and internally mesh with the internal gear ring 5. A gear shaft 12b is provided on the planet carrier 12, and the planetary gears 4 are provided with a central hole 4a. The planetary gears 4 are mounted on the gear shafts 12b. There are three planetary gears 4, corresponding to three gear shafts 12b on the planet carrier 12. The geometric axis 4X of the planetary gears 4 is concentric with the axis of the corresponding gear shaft 12b.
[0057] One end of the sun gear 1 is provided with a first connecting key 1a, which connects it to the large gear 18 in a torque-transmitting manner, so that power flows positively into the clutch planetary transmission device 100.
[0058] Sun gear 1 and planetary gear 4 are involute cylindrical spur gears.
[0059] Referring to Figure 6, the internal gear ring 5 and the transmission disc 8 constitute the connecting assembly 160. The transmission disc 8 is provided with toothed grooves 8a, and the internal gear ring 5 is provided with toothed teeth 5a, with the toothed teeth 5a and the toothed grooves 8a in clearance fit. The transmission disc 8 and the internal gear ring 5 can rotate freely within a preset angle.
[0060] A gap is provided between the tooth 5a and the tooth groove 8a. This gap forms an included angle d1 between the transmission disk 8 and the internal gear ring 5 for coaxial rotation. The included angle d1 is controlled within the range of 1 degree to 15 degrees so that the internal gear ring 5 can be driven to rotate after a delay when the transmission disk 8 changes the direction of its active rotation.
[0061] At the other end of the transmission disc 8, a second connecting key 8c and a thread 8e are provided. The transmission disc 8 is connected to the working machine 230 via the second connecting key 8c in a torque-transfer manner. This enables power to flow forward into the working machine 230 and reverse into the planetary gear train 140.
[0062] Referring to Figure 7, the pawl 3 and the transmission disc 8 constitute a safety clutch 170. The pawl 3 is provided with a spring plate 3b, and the transmission disc 8 is provided with a corrugated surface 8b. The spring plate 3b is fitted onto the corrugated surface 8b. The spring plate 3b is provided with a protrusion 3c, and the corrugated surface 8b is provided with a groove 8d. The protrusion 3c and the groove 8d rotate and abut against each other. The protrusion 3c and the groove 8d rotate relative to each other and are misaligned, causing the spring plate 3b to expand and contract radially. During the torque transmission between the pawl 3 and the transmission disc 8, when the torque is within the safe range, the transmission disc 8 pushes the pawl 3 to rotate. When the torque exceeds the safe range, the protrusion 3c on the spring plate 3b causes the spring plate 3b to expand, and the spring plate 3b slides along the corrugated surface 8b for overload protection. The number and depth of the protrusions 3c are set to adjust the range of safe torque. The safe torque range is 0.001 to 10 times the torque transmitted from engine 210 to sun gear 1 and input from sun gear 1 to planetary gear train 140.
[0063] Lubricant is applied to the contact area between the spring plate 3b and the corrugated surface 8b to improve the life of the safety clutch 170. The lubricant is preferably grease.
[0064] The groove 8d is formed by an arc, which facilitates the sliding of the spring piece 3b along the corrugated surface 8b. The number and depth of the protrusions 3c are used to adjust the range of safe torque. The number and size of the protrusions 3c can be adaptively varied according to the needs of torque adjustment.
[0065] The safety clutch 170 is designed to overcome the destructive effect on components caused by the force generated between the pawl 3 and the transmission disc 8. The pawl 3 and the transmission disc 8 may slip and slide relative to each other. The spring plate 3b of the safety clutch 170 has good elasticity and maintains good rebound force over long-term use. The pawl 3a and spring plate 3b have a certain strength and will not be damaged or fail under a certain torque.
[0066] Referring to Figure 8, the intermediate component 15 is a roller, and the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 is a bidirectional roller overrunning clutch with pawl 3, whose working surface 12a and the intermediate component 15 are symmetrically distributed adjacent to each other. The locking ring 16 is fixedly installed together with the first housing 7.
[0067] As shown in the figure, the rotational speed of the planetary carrier 12 is set to n12. When the planetary carrier 12 rotates actively in either a counterclockwise or clockwise direction, the pawl 3 is driven. According to the working principle of the overrunning clutch, the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 switches to the engaged state, and the planetary carrier 12 is stopped from rotating.
[0068] When the pawl 3 is engaged, it pushes against the intermediary 15, causing the intermediary 15 to move from the engaged position to the disengaged position. The planetary carrier 12 and the pawl 3 rotate in the same direction. According to the working principle of the overrunning clutch, the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 switches to the disengaged state, and the planetary carrier 12 rotates freely.
[0069] When pushed by the paddle 3a, the intermediate component 15 can remain in the disengaged position, and the planetary carrier 12 can rotate synchronously in the rotation direction of the pawl 3. The locking ring 16 rotates at zero speed, and the planetary carrier 12 rotates overrunning relative to the locking ring 16. Similarly, the pawl 3 can rotate in both directions, and the planetary carrier 12 can also rotate overrunning in both directions. That is to say, the locking ring 16 is the outer ring of the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130, and the planetary carrier 12 is the star wheel of the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130.
[0070] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, the self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 of the present invention is disposed on the power transmission path between the engine 210 and the driven machine 230. The driven machine 230 operates under the action of the first power source and the second power source, either individually or in combination.
[0071] When engine 210, as the primary power source, independently drives machine 230, power input assembly 150 is connected to engine 210 via transmission 220 in a torque-transmitting manner. Power flows forward into sun gear 1 in planetary gear train 140. Sun gear 1 is the driving element. The internal gear ring 5 has relatively small static resistance. Torque is input from sun gear 1. Rotating sun gear 1 in any direction activates planet carrier 12. Intermediate member 15 weds planet carrier 12 and locking ring 16 together, locking planet carrier 12, i.e., braking. Bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 is engaged, and internal gear ring 5 is driven by sun gear 1.
[0072] In one specific embodiment, as the sun gear 1 drives the transmission disk 8 to rotate, the sun gear 1 has 11 teeth, the planetary gear 4 also has 11 teeth, and the internal gear ring 5 has 34 teeth. In this configuration, the power of the planetary gear train is input from the sun gear 1 and output through the internal gear ring 5. The number of teeth on the internal gear ring 5 is more than three times the number of teeth on the sun gear 1, a design that amplifies the output torque relative to the input torque. Theoretically, the torque amplification factor is the ratio of the number of teeth on the internal gear ring 5 to the number of teeth on the sun gear 1, i.e., 34 to 11, indicating that the output torque is more than three times the input torque.
[0073] Planetary gear 4 is mounted on planet carrier 12 via gear shaft 12b. The gear shaft 12b is fixed to the planet carrier 12, allowing planetary gear 4 to rotate around its own geometric axis 4X. This design is the core of the planetary transmission, enabling planetary gear 4 to effectively mesh with sun gear 1 and internal ring gear 5. The planetary gear train 140 ensures that the torque output from transmission disc 8 is greater than the torque input from sun gear 1, achieving torque transmission and amplification.
[0074] In other words, when power is input through the power input component 150, the self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 can autonomously engage the bidirectional overrunning clutch, restricting the rotation of the planet carrier 12, thereby enabling power to be output from the transmission disc 8. The connecting component 160 connects to the working machine 230 in a power transmission manner, realizing the function of the engine 210 driving the working machine 230.
[0075] When the working machine 230 is driven solely by the second power source, the power flows in reverse to the transmission disc 8, and the self-clutching planetary transmission device 100 is only subjected to the torque transmitted by the transmission disc 8. Within the safe torque range of the safety clutch 170, the pawl 3, which is ringed on the transmission disc 8, rotates with the transmission disc 8, and the paddle 3a on the pawl 3 pushes the intermediate member 15 away from the engaged position of the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130, so that the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 is in the disengaged state, and the planet carrier 12 rotates freely.
[0076] The sun gear 1 experiences static resistance in the multi-power source drive system 200. The transmission disc 8 drives the internal gear ring 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the planetary gear 4 to rotate. The planetary gear 4 rotates both around its own geometric axis 4X and around the fixed axis 100X of the planetary gear train 140, together with the planet carrier 12. The reverse flow of power causes the rotational speed of the transmission disc 8 to be greater than that of the planet carrier 12, and the planet carrier 12 and the transmission disc 8 rotate in the same direction. The transmission disc 8 drives the pawl 3 to continuously push the intermediate member 15 to the disengaged position.
[0077] In short, when the engine 210 stops working and does not rotate, under the action of the second power source, the power transmitted only by the working machine 230 drives the transmission disc 8 to rotate the working machine 230 in any direction. The self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 autonomously unlocks the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130, and the power is diverted to the planet carrier 12, avoiding driving the sun gear 1, thereby preventing power from flowing back into the engine 210. The self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 achieves bidirectional autonomous disengagement.
[0078] In summary, the self-clutching planetary transmission device 100 is a transmission device that integrates the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 and the planetary gear system 140 together. It can both increase the torque from the engine 210 and transmit it to the working machine 230, and can also autonomously unlock the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 to prevent it from transmitting power from the working machine 230 to the engine 210.
[0079] As an application embodiment of the self-clutch planetary transmission device 100, referring to Figures 1 to 9, the multi-power source drive system 200 includes an engine 210, a working machine 230, and a self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 disposed on the power transmission path between the engine 210 and the working machine 230. The self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 includes a fixed component 120, a power input component 150, and a connecting component 160. A planetary gear train 140 and a two-way overrunning clutch 130 are disposed between the power input component 150 and the connecting component 160. The planetary gear train 140 includes a sun gear 1, planetary gears 4, an internal gear ring 5, and a planet carrier 12. The two-way overrunning clutch 130 includes a locking ring 16, an intermediary component 15, a pawl 3, and a planet carrier 12.
[0080] A transmission 220 is provided on the power transmission path between the engine 210 and the self-clutch planetary transmission 100. The self-clutch planetary transmission 100 is fixedly connected to the transmission 220 through the mounting hole 7a.
[0081] The bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 is a bidirectional roller overrunning clutch with pawl 3, wherein its working surface 12a and intermediate member 15 are symmetrically distributed adjacently. Embodiments of the present invention
[0082] In one embodiment of the multi-power source drive system 200, the first power source and the second power source alternately and collaboratively drive the working machine 230. With the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 disengaged, the planetary carrier 12 continuously diverts power, and the motion state of the power input component 150 does not continuously change. The rotation of the working machine 230 under the power drive of the second power source, at a speed unconstrained by the engine 210, is a specific manifestation of overrunning rotation.
[0083] In one embodiment, referring to FIG9, the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 is designed such that the intermediary 15 is distributed only on one side of the paddle 3a. Therefore, engagement of the planetary carrier 12 and the locking ring 16 is limited to one rotational direction, resulting in the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130 being engaged in that direction. Correspondingly, the torque input by the power input assembly 150 to the self-clutch planetary transmission 100 causes the transmission disc 8 to output power only in one rotational direction, thus allowing the engine 210 to drive the working machine 230 only in one rotational direction.
[0084] In one embodiment, to optimize the product structure, a universal joint (not labeled) is provided on the power transmission path between the self-clutch planetary gear train 100 and the working machine 230. This allows for a misalignment between the rotation axis of the working machine 230 and the fixed axis 100X of the planetary gear train 140.
[0085] In one embodiment, the transmission disc 8 and the internal gear ring 5 are designed as a single unit, which simplifies the number of components and reduces assembly complexity.
[0086] In one embodiment, the intermediary 15 may be designed as a wedge, brace, or ball bearing to suit different application needs and performance requirements.
[0087] In one embodiment, the number of working surfaces 12a and intermediate parts 15 is twice the number of paddles 3a to ensure the stability and balance of the bidirectional overrunning clutch 130.
[0088] In one embodiment, the sun gear 1 and the planetary gear 4 are designed as involute cylindrical helical gears to improve the meshing efficiency and load-bearing capacity of the gears.
[0089] In one embodiment, a bearing (not identified) is provided between the gear shaft 12b fixed to the planet carrier 12 and the center hole 4a of the planet gear 4 to reduce friction between the planet gear 4 and the planet carrier 12 and improve transmission efficiency.
[0090] In one embodiment, the sun gear 1 consists of two parts: teeth and shaft. It can be a cohesive or separate structure, forming a shaft and teeth in a way that transmits torque, and becoming part of the power input component 150 of the self-clutch planetary transmission device 100.
[0091] In one embodiment, the locking ring 16 and the first housing 7 are designed as a co-structure, which simplifies the assembly process and improves the rigidity of the structure.
[0092] In one embodiment, the paddle 3a and the spring 3b are made of different materials and are joined together by a manufacturing process of mutual interlocking to form the pawl 3. For example, the spring 3b can be made of copper or stainless steel with high elasticity, while the pawl 3 can be made of injection-molded plastic material.
[0093] In one embodiment, a safety clutch 170 is formed between the pawl 3 and the connecting assembly 160 by means of elements such as springs, elastic rubber, friction plates or magnets, to provide overload protection and ensure the safe operation of the transmission system.
[0094] These embodiments demonstrate the specific structure and working principle of the self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 and the multi-power source drive system 200 of the present invention, reflecting the innovation and practicality of the invention. Industrial applicability
[0095] This invention relates to a self-clutch planetary transmission device 100 and its application in a multi-power source drive system 200, which has practical industrial application value. Referring to a specific embodiment shown in FIG10, the invention is applied to an electric safety door 300. The electric safety door 300 includes a door frame 320, on which the multi-power source drive system 200 is mounted. In the multi-power source drive system 200, an electric motor 210A serves as the first power source, driving the working machine 230, i.e., the door leaf 230A, which is equipped with a first magnet 341 and a handle 350. A second magnet 342 is provided at a corresponding position on the door frame 320. The electric motor 210A and the pushing and pulling force provided by the human hand together serve as the power source, driving the door leaf 230A to perform opening and closing operations.
[0096] The electric safety gate 300 can be manually operated via handle 350 in the event of a power outage, and can also be electrically opened / closed via human body sensing or remote control, demonstrating the practicality of the invention. By using a gearbox 220 with a large reduction ratio, the electric motor 210A operates at its maximum efficiency point while keeping the door leaf 230A rotating at a slower speed, enhancing safety during use. Furthermore, the multi-power source drive system 200 simplifies the structure of the electric safety gate 300, reduces energy consumption and operational complexity, and maintains cost-effectiveness.
[0097] This invention has a wide range of applications. Besides electric safety gates, it is also suitable for various electric-assisted walking tools, such as rehabilitation wheelchairs, push snowplows, push lawnmowers, electric children's vehicles, and electric bicycles, which can flexibly switch between manual and electric walking modes. Furthermore, this invention is also applicable to power tools and equipment requiring manual operation, such as electric glue guns, automatic doors, electric curtains, smart locks, and electric valves. Simultaneously, this invention can also be applied to new energy vehicles and lawnmowers with four-wheel drive capabilities, as well as hybrid vehicles, effectively managing the coordinated operation of multiple power sources and ensuring efficient and flexible power transmission.
[0098] In the field of high-end manufacturing equipment, such as the drive systems for automated production lines and robot joints, the multi-power source drive system 200 of this invention can provide more complex and flexible motion control, meeting the production requirements of high precision and high efficiency. These application examples fully demonstrate the wide applicability and practical application value of this invention in different industrial fields, proving that as an innovative transmission solution, it can adapt to diverse power transmission needs and play a key role in the transmission system of various mechanical equipment and self-clutch planetary transmission devices, especially in cutting off power transmission between the power source and working parts. Taking rehabilitation wheelchairs as an example, this tool provides great convenience for people with mobility impairments. Rehabilitation wheelchairs add a drive device to the traditional manual wheelchair, improving ease of use and user experience. However, in some situations, such as insufficient power, the need for assistance from relatives to push or pull, or when the patient is performing rehabilitation exercises, manual pushing and pulling of the wheelchair is more suitable. Therefore, most rehabilitation wheelchairs on the market are designed to be both manual and electric to meet the needs of different users.
[0099] Compared with existing technologies, such as the clutch device and automatic wheelchair disclosed in patent publication number CN 109210099 B, which use a jaw clutch, the present invention has disadvantages such as complex operation, poor flexibility, and easy damage. The self-clutching planetary transmission device 100 of the present invention, with its compact design, low cost, fast-response clutch switching function, and autonomous execution capability, fully meets the requirements of industrial practicality and demonstrates significant market potential and practical value in modern industrial and daily applications.
[0100] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A self-clutch planetary transmission device, comprising a fixed component, a power input component, and a connecting component; characterized in that: A planetary gear train is provided on the power transmission path between the power input component and the connecting component. The planetary gear train includes a sun gear, planetary gears, an internal ring gear, and a planet carrier. A two-way overrunning clutch is provided between the planet carrier and the fixed component. The two-way overrunning clutch includes a locking ring, an intermediary, and a pawl. The intermediary is movable between an engaged position that prevents the planet carrier from rotating and a disengaged position that allows the planet carrier to rotate freely. Power is input from the sun gear, output to the internal ring gear via the planetary gear train, and the intermediary is located in the engaged position. A safety clutch is provided on the power transmission path between the pawl and the connecting assembly, and the force by which the pawl unlocks the bidirectional overrunning clutch comes from the power transmitted by the connecting assembly.
2. The self-clutch planetary transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planetary gears form an external meshing transmission relationship with the sun gear and an internal meshing transmission relationship with the internal gear ring; the connecting assembly includes a transmission disk, which is positioned on the fixed axis of the planetary gear train, and the transmission disk and the internal gear ring can rotate freely within a preset angle range; the pawl is equipped with a paddle, which forms an abutment contact with the intermediate member when the paddle rotates; the locking ring is sleeved on the outside of the planetary carrier, in which the planetary carrier serves as both a structural component of the planetary gear train and a structural component of the bidirectional overrunning clutch; the safety clutch uses at least one element selected from springs, elastic rubber, friction plates, and magnetic elements to achieve overload protection for the device.
3. The self-clutch planetary transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission disc has a corrugated surface, and the spring is disposed on the pawl, with the spring contacting the corrugated surface. The corrugated surface has a groove, and the spring has a protrusion, with the groove matching the protrusion. The internal gear ring has toothed teeth, and the transmission disc has toothed grooves, with a gap between the toothed teeth and the toothed grooves. The locking ring has a cylindrical surface, and the planetary carrier has a working surface, with the cylindrical surface and the working surface forming a wedge angle. The intermediary is installed between the working surface and the cylindrical surface. The force by which the pawl pushes the intermediary away from the engagement position and into the disengagement position comes from the power transmitted by the transmission disc.
4. The self-clutch planetary transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planetary gears are provided with a central hole, the planetary carrier is provided with a gear shaft, and the planetary gears are mounted on the gear shaft. When the planetary gear train rotates only due to the power transmitted by the connecting assembly, the planetary gears rotate both around their own geometric axes and around the fixed axis of the planetary gear train along with the planetary carrier. The power input assembly includes the sun gear and components connected to the sun gear in a synchronous rotation manner to transmit torque. The connecting assembly includes the internal gear ring and components connected to the internal gear ring in a synchronous rotation manner to transmit torque. During the process of power being transmitted from the power input assembly to the connecting assembly through the planetary gear train, the planetary gear train causes the torque output by the connecting assembly to be greater than the torque input by the power input assembly, and the rotation direction of the connecting assembly is opposite to the rotation direction of the power input assembly.
5. The self-clutch planetary transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly includes a first housing and a second housing, with a third seal disposed between the first housing and the second housing; a locking ring is fixedly connected to the first housing, and the first housing is fixedly connected to the second housing, forming a mounting cavity for accommodating the bidirectional overrunning clutch; a first bearing and a first seal are disposed between the power input assembly and the fixing assembly; a second bearing is disposed between the power input assembly and the connecting assembly; and a third bearing and a second seal are disposed between the connecting assembly and the fixing assembly.
6. A multi-power source drive system, characterized in that: It includes an engine, a working machine, and a self-clutch planetary transmission device according to any one of claims 1-5 disposed on the power transmission path between the engine and the working machine.