Control signal monitoring
By configuring a dual-resource system for control signal monitoring, the method addresses inefficiencies in 6G wireless communication systems, improving coverage and reliability through enhanced resource utilization and repetition strategies.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LENOVO (BEIJING) LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently monitoring control signals, particularly in the context of 6G radio access technology, where issues related to physical layer control and data scheduling, such as downlink control signals and channel enhancements, have not been adequately addressed.
The method involves configuring a resource and search space for control signals, including a first and a second resource, where the second resource is associated with the first, allowing for enhanced monitoring of control signals by determining frequency bands, time durations, and transmission beam indices, thereby improving coverage and reliability.
This approach enables effective control signal monitoring with increased resources and larger repetition numbers, enhancing communication coverage and reliability.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025117917_09072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
CONTROL SIGNAL MONITORINGTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to control signal monitoring.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations (BSs) , which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] With the development of the communication, a new study item is approved for 6G. For physical layer structure for 6G radio access technology (6GR) , in terms of waveforms (orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing-based) and modulations, 5G new radio (NR) waveforms and modulation are to be considered for the 6GR and is also the benchmark for other potential proposals. The frame structure includes compatibility with 5G NR to allow for efficient 5G-6G multi-RAT spectrum sharing (MRSS) . Channel coding, using low density parity check (LDPC) and Polar code as baseline, considers applicable extensions to satisfy 6G requirements and characteristics with acceptable performance / complexity trade-off. Channel bandwidth (at least minimum and maximum) , numerology, avoids multiple numerologies for the same band / sub-range (e.g., enabling synergies among frequency bands in the ~7GHz range) . The new study item further involves physical layer control, data scheduling and a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) operation and a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) operation. Regarding the physical layer control and data scheduling, especially downlink control signal and channel enhancement (e.g., physical downlink control channel) , there are still some issues to be addressed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0005] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include receiving, from a base station, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; and monitoring the control signal in the resource based on the configuration.
[0006] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include monitoring the control signal by: determining the first resource based on the configuration; determining the second resource based on the first resource; and monitoring the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.
[0007] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the second resource by: determining a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0008] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the second resource by: determining a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource, wherein the time duration of the second resource is the same as the time duration of the first resource, and the first resource and the second resource are in a same time slot.
[0009] The resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the second resource by: determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource.
[0010] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include monitoring the control signal by: determining the first resource based on the configuration; and monitoring the control signal based on the first resource over a first number of slots, wherein the control signal comprises one or more monitoring candidates associated with at least one of an aggregation level and a maximal repetition number of the control signal.
[0011] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the first number of slots based on the maximal repetition number.
[0012] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the maximal repetition number based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0013] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the maximal repetition number based on the configuration or the first number of slots.
[0014] The resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include monitoring the control signal by: determining a starting slot of a monitoring candidate in the first resource based on at least one of a repetition number of the monitoring candidate and the transmission beam index; and monitoring the control signal based on the starting slot.
[0015] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving the configuration by: receiving the configuration via a master information block (MIB) .
[0016] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the control signal may be mapped first in the first resource and then in the second resource, or the control signal may be mapped by being repeated in the first resource and the second resource.
[0017] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include, transmitting, to a UE, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; and transmitting the control signal in the resource based on the configuration.
[0018] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting the control signal by: determining the second resource based on the first resource; and transmitting the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.
[0019] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting the control signal by one of the following: mapping the control signal in an order of the first resource and then in the second resource, or repeating a mapping of the control signal in the first resource and in the second resource.
[0020] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the second resource by: determining a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0021] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the second resource by: determining a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource, wherein the time duration of the second resource is the same as the time duration of the first resource, and the first resource and the second resource are in a same time slot.
[0022] The resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the second resource by: determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource.
[0023] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting the control signal by: transmitting the control signal based on the first resource over a first number of slots, wherein the control signal comprises monitoring candidates associated with at least one of an aggregation level and a maximal repetition number of the control signal.
[0024] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the first number of slots based on the maximal repetition number.
[0025] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the maximal repetition number based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0026] The resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting the control signal by: determining a starting slot of a monitoring candidate in the first resource based on at least one of a repetition number of the monitoring candidate and the transmission beam index; and transmitting the control signal based on the starting slot.
[0027] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting the configuration by: transmitting the configuration via a MIB.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 1B illustrates an example of the search space period associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 1C illustrates an example of a narrowband physical downlink control channel (NPDCCH) candidate associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 1D illustrates example table of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring occasions for Type0-PDCCH common search space (CSS) set-SS / PBCH block and control resource set (CORESET) multiplexing pattern 1 and FR1.
[0032] FIG. 1E illustrates an example of monitor occasions associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 1F illustrates another example of monitor occasions associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 1G illustrates yet another example of PDCCH monitor occasions associated with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling chart illustrating an example process that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of extend COREST 0 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of extend COREST 0 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0038] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of extend COREST 0 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0039] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of extend COREST 0 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0040] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of extend COREST 0 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of extend COREST 0 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of monitoring occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of monitoring occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of monitoring occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0045] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of monitoring occasions overlap in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 13 illustrates an example of monitoring occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 14 illustrates an example of monitoring occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0048] FIG. 15 lustrates an example of monitoring occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0049] FIG. 16 illustrate illustrates an example of a device that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0050] FIG. 17 illustrate illustrates an example of a processor that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0051] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0052] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0053] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0054] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0055] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0056] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0057] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0058] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0059] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 5G new radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a user equipment and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0060] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a user equipment can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto a base station (BS) , a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. The network device may further refer to a network function (NF) in the core network, for example, a SMF, an AMF, a PCF, a UPF or devices with same function in future network architectures, and so forth.
[0061] As used herein, the term “UE” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a user equipment may also be referred to as a communication device, a terminal device, an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The user equipment may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable user equipment, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture user equipment such as a digital camera, a gaming user equipment, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless user equipment, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms: “user equipment, ” “communication device, ” “terminal, ” “user equipment” and “UE, ” may be used interchangeably.
[0062] FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100A that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100A may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100A may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100A may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100A may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100A may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100A may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100A may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0063] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100A. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0064] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0065] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100A. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100A. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100A.
[0066] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1A. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1A. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100A.
[0067] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0068] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0069] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0070] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0071] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0072] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0073] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0074] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0075] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0076] In the wireless communications system 100A, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100A (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0077] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100A, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0078] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0079] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100A. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0080] In the wireless communications system 100A, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100A may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0081] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0082] For narrowband physical downlink control channel (NPDCCH) , the search space consists of one or more subframes in which a device may search for downlink control information (DCI) addressed to the device.
[0083] The NPDCCH search space is periodic. Key parameters for defining NPDCCH search spaces for common search space (CSS) and UE-specific search space (USS) comprises: Rmax, αoffset, G and T.
[0084] Rmax is the maximum repetition factor of the NPDCCH, αoffset is the offset of the starting subframe in a search period, G is the parameter that is used to determine the search period, and T is the search space period as shown in FIG. 1B.
[0085] The periodic T=G*Rmax in terms of number of subframes, where G is a scaling factor and determined by the higher layer, and G= {1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 4, 5, 8, 10} . Rmax is the maximum number of NPDCCH repetition configured by the higher layer, and Rmax= {1, 2, …, 256} for the USS.
[0086] The NPDCCH candidate in search space is determined by the configured maximal repetition number and type of search space (e.g., common search space or UE-specific search space) . For example, as shown in FIG. 1C, in Type I common search space (e.g., for paging) , Rmax is configured as 4, the search space includes the following 3 NPDCCH candidates: AL=2, Rep=1, PDCCH candidate number = 1 (e.g. subframe 4) AL=2, Rep=2, PDCCH candidate number = 1 (e.g. subframe 4+5) AL=2, Rep=4, PDCCH candidate number = 1 (e.g. subframe 4+5+6+7)
[0087] In the first NPDCCH candidate, the aggregation level (AL) is 2, the repetition number (Rep) is 1, the PDCCH candidate occupies one subframe, for example, subframe 4 as shown in FIG. 1C.
[0088] In the second NPDCCH candidate, the aggregation level is 2, the repetition number is 2, the PDCCH candidate occupies two subframes, for example, subframes 4 and 5 as shown in FIG. 1C.
[0089] In the third NPDCCH candidate, the aggregation level is 2, the repetition number is 4, the PDCCH candidate occupies four subframes, for example, subframes 4, 5, 6 and 7 as shown in FIG. 1C.
[0090] All the NPDCCH candidates start from the first subframe of the search space, e.g., subframe 4.
[0091] For NR PDCCH search space, the control resource set (CORESET) and PDCCH occasion (i.e., time domain location for the PDCCH) are determined by higher layer parameters.
[0092] Regarding the CORESET 0 position in the time domain, two parameters are specified in a predefined table in MIB: “first symbol index” and “number of symbols” .
[0093] In addition, the CORESET 0 location in frequency domain is determined based on the offset defined with respect to the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the CORESET for Type0-PDCCH CSS set, provided by subCarrierSpacingCommon, from the smallest resource block (RB) index of the CORESET for Type0-PDCCH CSS set to the smallest RB index of the common RB overlapping with the first RB of the corresponding SS / PBCH block.
[0094] FIG. 1D illustrates example parameters for physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring occasions for Type0-PDCCH CSS set-SS / PBCH block and CORESET multiplexing pattern 1 and FR1.
[0095] The PDCCH monitoring for Type0-PDCCH CSS set is associated with SS / PBCH blocks and CORESET multiplexing pattern. Regarding CORESET 0 transmission timing, CORESET 0 associated with SSB index i (e.g., transmission beam index) is transmitted in even frames when:
[0096] CORESET 0 associated with SSB index i (e.g., transmission beam index) is transmitted in odd frames when:
[0097] where O is the slot offset, i is the candidate SS / PBCH block index (e.g., transmission beam index) , M is a scaling factor, Nslotframe, μ is the number of slots in a radio frame for SCS configuration μ, and μ is the numerology index (related to the SCS) .
[0098] Regarding the slot index for monitoring, the slot index n0 where the UE monitors PDCCH is given by:
[0099] The UE monitors two consecutive slots starting from slot n0, i.e., slots n0 and n0+1.
[0100] The PDCCH monitor occasions starts every M slot (s) for each synchronization signal block (SSB) index. For example, the PDCCH monitor occasions associated with SSB 0 starts slot x, and the PDCCH monitor occasions associated with SSB 1 starts slot x+M, the PDCCH monitor occasions associated with SSB 2 starts slot x+2M assuming that the subcarrier space is 15KHz (μ=0) .
[0101] As shown in FIG. 1E, M is equal to 1. The PDCCH monitor occasions starts every 1 slot for each SSB index, and the monitor duration for each SSB index spans 2 slots.
[0102] As shown in FIG. 1F, M is equal to 1 / 2. The PDCCH monitor occasions starts every 1 / 2 slot for each SSB index, and the monitor duration for each SSB index spans 2 slots.
[0103] As shown in FIG. 1G, M is equal to 2. The PDCCH monitor occasions starts every 2 slots for each SSB index, and monitor duration for each SSB index spans 2 slots.
[0104] In NR non-terrestrial network (NTN) downlink enhancement, the UE may assume that two consecutive slots of a PDCCH occasion correspond to one PDCCH with two repetitions as shown in FIG. 1G. However, only the value of M being 2 is supported for PDCCH repetition (e.g., downlink coverage enhancement) . The problems are how to extend the support of PDCCH repetition to 4 or 8, and how to support the value of M being one-half and 1.
[0105] In view of the above discussions, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for control signal monitoring. In one aspect of the solution of the present disclosure, a UE receives, from a base station, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal. The resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource. The second resource is associated with the first resource. Based on the configuration, the UE monitors the control signal monitor the control signal in the resource.
[0106] In this way, the UE may perform control signal monitoring with sufficient resources and larger repetition numbers. Thus the coverage for the communications is enhanced and the reliability of the communications is improved. Principles and implementations of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2-19.
[0107] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling chart illustrating an example process that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve the UE 201 and the BS 202. It would be appreciated that although the process 200 is applied in the communication environment 100A of FIG. 1A, this process may be likewise applied to other communication scenarios with similar issues.
[0108] In the process 200, the BS 202 transmits 210, to the UE 201, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal 215. The resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource. The second resource is associated with the first resource. In an example, the resource for the control signal may be CORESET 0. The first resource may be the normal CORESET 0 (also referred to as legacy CORESET 0 resource) resource, which can be configured by MIB, and can be common for all types of UE devices, and the second resource may be the extend CORESET 0 resource in addition to the normal CORESET 0 resource, which can be determined by the first resource and can be UE-specific resource for some UE devices (e.g., bandwidth limited UE or low tier UE) . Optionally, the first resource may be the normal CORESET 0 (also referred to as legacy CORESET 0 resource) resource, which can be configured by MIB, and can be common for all types of UE devices, and the second resource may be part or partial overlapped with the normal CORESET 0 resource, which can be determined by the first resource and can be UE-specific resource for some UE devices (e.g., high tier UE) .
[0109] In some embodiments, the BS 202 may transmit the configuration by transmitting the configuration via a MIB. In an example, the normal CORESET 0 resource is configured in the MIB, and search space parameter is also configured in the MIB.
[0110] On the other side of the communication, the UE 201 receives 220, from the BS 202, the configuration of the resource and search space for the control signal 215.
[0111] In some embodiments, the UE 201 may receive the configuration by receiving the configuration via the MIB.
[0112] Continue to refer to FIG. 2, based on the configuration 215, the BS 202 transmits 225 the control signal 230 in the resource. Correspondingly, the UE 201 monitors 235 the control signal 230 in the resource based on the configuration 215.
[0113] For bandwidth limited (BL) UE (also referred to as low tier UE) and downlink coverage enhancement scenarios, both the first resource and the second resource may be used for transmitting the control signal. For example, the UE 201 may monitor the PDCCH in the extend CORESET 0 resource in addition to the normal CORESET 0 resource for Type0-PDCCH CSS set over two slots. This approach is may be at least used for Type 1 SSB CORESET multiplexing scenarios.
[0114] It is to be understood that the BL UE refers to the UE that cannot monitor a signal on the total system bandwidth or the UE that cannot monitor a signal larger than a predefined frequency bandwidth, e.g., 24 physical resource blocks (PRBs) of 15KHz in frequency band.
[0115] In some embodiments, in order to transmit the control signal, the BS 202 may determine the second resource based on the first resource, and transmit the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.
[0116] For example, the extend CORESET 0 resource may be determined or derived by the normal CORESET 0 resource, such as the symbol length and the frequency band, and the search space parameter including number of search space sets per slot or M. M is a scaling factor that indicates the number of monitoring slot (s) per SSB index.
[0117] Alternatively or additionally, in order to determine the second resource, the BS 202 may determine a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE 201. The monitoring frequency band refers to the frequency band actually monitored by the UE 201.
[0118] For example, if the UE 201 only monitors the PDCCH in a simplified CORESET 0, e.g., part of the frequency band, the extend CORESET 0 resource is automatically derived based on the configured normal CORESET 0. The frequency band (e.g., frequency offset to SSB and frequency bandwidth) of extend CORESET 0 is the same as the simplified monitored frequency band of normal CORESET 0. In addition, the high tier UE still monitors the PDCCH in normal CORESET 0. The high tier UE refers to the UE that can monitor a signal on the total system bandwidth.
[0119] In addition, in order to determine the second resource, the BS 202 may determine a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource. The time duration of the second resource may be the same as the time duration of the first resource. The first resource and the second resource may be in a same time slot. For example, the symbol length of extend CORESET 0 is the same as the normal CORESET 0.
[0120] As shown in FIG. 3, the BL UE only monitors the lower band of the COREST 0 (e.g., first resource) , and the frequency band of extend CORESET 0 (e.g., second resource) is the same as simplified monitored frequency band of normal CORESET 0 for the BL UE. The symbol length of extend CORESET 0 is the same as the normal CORESET 0.
[0121] In addition, the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index (e.g., SSB index) . The BS 202 may determine the second resource by determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number (i.e., M) for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource (e.g., 2 symbols) .
[0122] For example, the extend CORESET 0 is in the same slot as the normal CORESET 0. For M=1 and 2, the starting symbol of extend CORESET 0 is the right after the end of the normal CORESET (e.g., symbol of the slot) or fixed in symbol #7 in the same slot. For M=1 / 2, the starting symbol of extend CORESET 0 within the slot is right after the two CORESET for 2 SSB index (e.g., and ) respectively or in symbol #7 and symbol #7+ for the 2 SSB index respectively.
[0123] As shown in FIG. 4, M=1 / 2, and the starting symbol of extend CORESET 0 within the slot 5 is right after the two CORESET for 2 SSB index. The normal CORESET 0 starts from symbol 0 and symbol 2 for SSB 0 and SSB 1 separately. The extend CORESET 0 starts from symbol 4 and symbol 6 for SSB 0 and SSB1 separately.
[0124] On the other side of the communication, in order to monitor the control signal, the UE 201 may determine the first resource based on the configuration, and determine the second resource based on the first resource. Then the UE 201 may monitor the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.
[0125] Alternatively or additionally, in order to determine the second resource, the UE 201 may determine a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE 201.
[0126] In addition, the UE 201 may determine a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource.
[0127] Additionally, the UE 201 may determine the second resource by determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource.
[0128] Regarding the mapping of the control signal, the control channel element (CCE) to resource element group (REG) mapping may be same for the first resource and the second resource. In some embodiments, in order to transmit the control signal, the BS 202 may map the control signal in an order of the first resource and then in the second resource. CCE is numbered in first resource first and then the second resource second.
[0129] For example, the UE 201 may monitor the PDCCH in the extend CORESET 0 (in addition to the normal CORESET 0) for Type0-PDCCH CSS set over two slots. The UE 201 may monitor additional aggregation level (e.g., AL=32) in normal CORESET 0 and extend CORESET 0. The PDCCH in additional aggregation level is mapped in legacy CORESET 0 first and extend CORESET 0 second as shown in FIG. 5.
[0130] Alternatively, the BS 202 may repeat a mapping of the control signal in the first resource and in the second resource. For example, the UE 201 may monitor aggregation level (e.g., AL 16) with 2 repetitions in normal CORESET and extend CORESET. More than 2 repetitions case can also be supported with extend CORESET 0 (with longer extend CORESET0 time duration) accordingly.
[0131] As shown in FIG. 6, the low tier UE monitors extend CORESET 0 in addition to the lower frequency band of CORESET 0 including an AL of 16 plus 16 (16+16) .
[0132] In addition, the UE 201 may only monitor additional aggregation level (e.g., 16+16) in extend CORESET for UE power saving consideration.
[0133] Table 1 shows the number of PDCCH candidates corresponding to different CCE aggregation levels, where four candidates are provided for AL=4, two candidates for AL=8, one candidate for AL=16, and one candidate for the extended AL=16+16. Table 1 the number of candidates and different CCE aggregation levels
[0134] Regarding the slot index for monitoring, the UE 201 monitors two consecutive slots starting from slot n0, i.e., slots n0 and n0+1. The UE 201 further monitor the normal CORESET 0 and extend CORESET 0 simultaneously.
[0135] FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate examples of extend COREST 0 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the time duration of the extend CORESET 0 for SSB 0 is the same as the time duration of the normal CORESET 0 for SSB 0. The extend CORESET 0 and the normal CORESET 0 are in the same slot.
[0136] In the case of only the first resource is used for transmitting the control signal, the first resource may configure a longer time duration than legacy NR CORESET (e.g., maximal time duration for CORESET is 3 symbols) . For example, the first resource of CORESET0 can be configured more than 3 symbols for control signal monitoring (e.g., 6 symbols) . It may be considered to change the number of time slots instead of fixing 2 time slots.
[0137] In some embodiments, in order to transmit the control signal, the BS 202 may transmit the control signal based on the first resource over a first number of slots. The control signal may comprise monitoring candidates associated with at least one of an aggregation level and a maximal repetition number of the control signal (i.e., Rmax) .
[0138] In some embodiments, the BS 202 may determine the first number of slots based on the maximal repetition number. In an example, as shown in FIG. 9, if the maximal repetition number Rmax is equal to 1, the first number of slots Nslot is equal to 2.
[0139] In another example, if the maximal repetition number Rmax is equal to 2 or 4, the first number of slots Nslot is equal to 4. As shown in FIG. 10, Rmax is equal to 4, and the first number of slots Nslot is equal to 4.
[0140] In yet another example, the first number of slots is equal to twice the maximal repetition number.
[0141] Alternatively or additionally, the BS 202 may determine the maximal repetition number based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE 201.
[0142] For example, if the actual monitoring bandwidth of CORESET 0 is smaller than or equal to 48 PRBs, the maximal repetition number Rmax is equal to 2, otherwise Rmax is equal to 1.
[0143] On the other side of the communication, in order to monitor the control signal, the UE 201 may determine the first resource based on the configuration 215. Then the UE 201 may monitor the control signal based on the first resource over a first number of slots. The control signal may comprise one or more monitoring candidates associated with at least one of an aggregation level and a maximal repetition number of the control signal.
[0144] In addition, the UE 201 may determine the first number of slots based on the maximal repetition number.
[0145] The slot index n0 where the UE 201 monitors PDCCH is given by formula (3) . The UE monitors Nslot consecutive slots starting from slot n0, i.e., slots n0, n0 + 1, …, n0+Nslot. -1. As shown in FIG. 11, the UE 201 monitors slots 5, 6, 7 and 8 for SSB 0.
[0146] Alternatively or additionally, the UE 201 may determine the maximal repetition number based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE 201.
[0147] Additionally, the UE 201 may determine the maximal repetition number based on the configuration 215 or the first number of slots.
[0148] In an example, the maximal repetition number may be configured in the MIB. In another example, the maximal repetition number may be determined by the consecutive slot number Nslot (i.e., the first number of slots) if configured.
[0149] FIG. 12 illustrates an example of monitoring occasions overlap when different SSB indices are configured with repetition. The monitoring occasions for SSB0 and SSB1 may overlap when aligned with a one-slot offset. Similarly, the monitoring occasions for other SSBs also overlap in subsequent slots. It can be seen that multiple SSBs may share the same slot resources, leading to collisions.
[0150] As shown in FIG. 13, the scaling factor M is 2, the maximal repetition number Rmax is 1, and the number of slots Nslot is 2. Each SSB is associated with a PDCCH candidate occupying only a single slot in CORESET 0, since only one repetition is configured. The monitoring occasions are spaced apart by two slots due to the scaling factor M being 2, thereby ensuring that the occasions for different SSBs do not overlap.
[0151] Since the starting offset between monitoring candidates for different transmission beam indices is 1 slot for the value of M being 1 or 1 / 2, there is a motivation to design the monitoring candidates for different transmission beam indices with different starting slots to facilitate the network scheduling.
[0152] In some embodiments, the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index (i.e., the SSB) . In order to transmit the control signal, the BS 202 may determine a starting slot of a monitoring candidate in the first resource based on at least one of a repetition number of the monitoring candidate and the transmission beam index. Then the BS 202 may transmit the control signal based on the starting slot.
[0153] In addition, in order to monitor the control signal, the UE 201 may determine a starting slot of a monitoring candidate in the first resource based on at least one of a repetition number of the monitoring candidate and the transmission beam index. Then the UE 201 may monitor the control signal based on the starting slot.
[0154] For example, the UE 201 may monitor the PDCCH in the CORESET 0 for Type0-PDCCH CSS set over consecutive Nslot slots. The starting slots for PDCCH candidates in the CORESET 0 (for the repetition number larger than 1) maybe determined by PDCCH candidate repetition number and the SSB index.
[0155] In an example, Rmax is equal to 2, the scaling factor M is equal to 1, the SSB index is even, the PDCCH candidate with repetition equal to 2 starts from the first slot of CORESET 0.
[0156] In another example, Rmax is equal to 2, M is equal to 1, the SSB index is odd, PDCCH candidate with repetition equal to 2 starts from the second slot of CORESET 0.
[0157] As shown in FIG. 14, the scaling factor M is 1, the maximal repetition number Rmax is 2, and the number of slots Nslot is 4. For SSB0, the candidate within slots 5 and 6, whereas for SSB1, the candidate occupies within slots 8 and 9. This results in a waste of resources.
[0158] As shown in FIG. 15, the scaling factor M is 1, the maximal repetition number Rmax is 2, and the number of slots Nslot is 4. For even SSB indices (e.g., SSB0 and SSB2) , the candidate starts from the first slot of CORESET 0, while for odd SSB indices (e.g., SSB1 and SSB3) , the candidate starts from the second slot of CORESET 0.
[0159] Different starting slot for PDCCH candidates for different SSB indices gives more flexibility for network scheduling, this is different from NB IoT PDCCH candidate design since there is no scenarios for NB IoT where two search spaces have 1 slot fixed time offset.
[0160] With the process 200, the UE 201 monitors PDCCH based on the normal CORESET 0 and extend CORESET 0. The PDCCH is mapped with the order of normal CORESET 0 and then extend CORESET 0. Alternatively, the PDCCH is repeated in normal CORESET 0 and extend CORESET 0. In addition, the UE 201 monitors the PDCCH based on CORESET 0 over Nslot slots, Nslot is determined by the maximal repetition number. In this way, the problems of the common search space monitoring for the BL UE and DL PDCCH coverage enhancement issue are solved.
[0161] FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a device 1600 that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1600 may be an example of a network entity 102 or a UE 104 as described herein. The device 1600 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 1600 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 1602, a memory 1604, a transceiver 1606, and, optionally, an I / O controller 1608. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0162] The processor 1602, the memory 1604, the transceiver 1606, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 1602, the memory 1604, the transceiver 1606, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0163] In some implementations, the processor 1602, the memory 1604, the transceiver 1606, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 1602 and the memory 1604 coupled with the processor 1602 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 1602, instructions stored in the memory 1604) .
[0164] For example, the processor 1602 may support wireless communication at the device 1600 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1602 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, via the transceiver from a base station, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; means for monitoring the control signal in the resource based on the configuration. The processor 1602 may be configured to operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1800.
[0165] For example, the processor 1602 may support wireless communication at the device 1600 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1602 may be configured to operable to support a means for transmitting, via the transceiver to a UE, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; and means for transmitting the control signal in the resource based on the configuration. The processor 1602 may be configured to operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1900.
[0166] The processor 1602 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 1602 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1602. The processor 1602 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1604) to cause the device 1600 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0167] The memory 1604 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 1604 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1602 cause the device 1600 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 1602 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1604 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0168] The I / O controller 1608 may manage input and output signals for the device 1600. The I / O controller 1608 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1608 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1608 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 1608 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 1606. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 1600 via the I / O controller 1608 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1608.
[0169] In some implementations, the device 1600 may include a single antenna 1610. However, in some other implementations, the device 1600 may have more than one antenna 1610 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1606 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1610, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1606 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1606 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1610 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1610. The transceiver 1606 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0170] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 1610 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0171] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 1610 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0172] FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a processor 1700 that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 1700 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1700 may include a controller 1702 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 1700 may optionally include at least one memory 1704. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 1700 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 1700. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0173] The processor 1700 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1700) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0174] The controller 1702 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 1700 to cause the processor 1700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 1702 may operate as a control unit of the processor 1700, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 1700. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0175] The controller 1702 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 1704 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 1700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 1702 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 1704. The controller 1702 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 1702 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 1700 to cause the processor 1700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 1702 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 1700. The controller 1702 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 1700.
[0176] The memory 1704 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 1700 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 1704 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 1700) . In some other implementations, the memory 1704 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 1700) .
[0177] The memory 1704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 1700, cause the processor 1700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 1702 and / or the processor 1700 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 1704 to cause the processor 1700 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization ) . For example, the processor 1700 and / or the controller 1702 may be coupled with or to the memory 1704, the processor 1700, the controller 1702, and the memory 1704 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 1700 may include multiple processors and the memory 1704 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0178] The one or more ALUs 1700 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 1700 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1700) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 1700 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 1700) . One or more ALUs 1700 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 1700 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 1700 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 1700 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 1700 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0179] The processor 1700 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1702 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a base station, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; means for monitoring the control signal in the resource based on the configuration, means for transmitting, via the transceiver to a UE, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; and means for transmitting the control signal in the resource based on the configuration. The processor 1700 may be configured to or operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1800.
[0180] The processor 1700 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 1702 may be configured to or operable to support a means for transmitting, to a UE, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; and means for transmitting the control signal in the resource based on the configuration. The processor 1700 may be configured to or operable to support other means for other implementations of method 1900.
[0181] FIG. 18 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1800 that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be performed by a UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0182] At 1805, the method may include receiving, from a base station, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource. The operations of 1805 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0183] At 1810, the method may include monitoring the control signal in the resource based on the configuration. . The operations of 1810 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0184] In some embodiments, the method may further include monitoring the control signal by: determining the first resource based on the configuration; determining the second resource based on the first resource; and monitoring the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.
[0185] In some embodiments, the control signal may be mapped first in the first resource and then in the second resource, or the control signal may be mapped by being repeated in the first resource and the second resource.
[0186] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the second resource by: determining a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0187] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the second resource by: determining a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource, wherein the time duration of the second resource is the same as the time duration of the first resource, and the first resource and the second resource are in a same time slot.
[0188] In some embodiments, the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, and the method may further include determining the second resource by: determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource.
[0189] In some embodiments, the method may further include monitoring the control signal by: determining the first resource based on the configuration; and monitoring the control signal based on the first resource over a first number of slots, wherein the control signal comprises one or more monitoring candidates associated with at least one of an aggregation level and a maximal repetition number of the control signal.
[0190] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the first number of slots based on the maximal repetition number.
[0191] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the maximal repetition number based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0192] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the maximal repetition number based on the configuration or the first number of slots.
[0193] In some embodiments, the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, the method may further include monitoring the control signal by: determining a starting slot of a monitoring candidate in the first resource based on at least one of a repetition number of the monitoring candidate and the transmission beam index; and monitoring the control signal based on the starting slot.
[0194] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving the configuration by: receiving the configuration via a MIB.
[0195] FIG. 19 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1900 that supports control signal monitoring in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be performed by a network entity 102 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0196] At 1905, the method may include transmitting, to a UE, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource. The operations of 1905 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0197] At 1910, the method may include transmitting the control signal in the resource based on the configuration. The operations of 1910 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1A.
[0198] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting the control signal by: determining the second resource based on the first resource; and transmitting the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.
[0199] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting the control signal by one of the following: mapping the control signal in an order of the first resource and then in the second resource, or repeating a mapping of the control signal in the first resource and in the second resource.
[0200] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the second resource by: determining a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0201] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the second resource by: determining a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource, wherein the time duration of the second resource is the same as the time duration of the first resource, and the first resource and the second resource are in a same time slot.
[0202] In some embodiments, the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, and the method may further include determining the second resource by: determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource.
[0203] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting the control signal by: transmitting the control signal based on the first resource over a first number of slots, wherein the control signal comprises monitoring candidates associated with at least one of an aggregation level and a maximal repetition number of the control signal.
[0204] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the first number of slots based on the maximal repetition number.
[0205] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the maximal repetition number based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.
[0206] In some embodiments, the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, and the method may further include transmitting the control signal by: determining a starting slot of a monitoring candidate in the first resource based on at least one of a repetition number of the monitoring candidate and the transmission beam index; and transmitting the control signal based on the starting slot.
[0207] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting the configuration by: transmitting the configuration via a MIB.
[0208] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0209] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0210] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0211] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0212] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on”shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0213] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, via the transceiver from a base station, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; andmonitor the control signal in the resource based on the configuration.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to monitor the control signal by:determining the first resource based on the configuration;determining the second resource based on the first resource; andmonitoring the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.3.The UE of claim 2, wherein the control signal is mapped first in the first resource and then in the second resource, orthe control signal is mapped by being repeated in the first resource and the second resource.4.The UE of claim 2 or 3, wherein the processor is configured to determine the second resource by:determining a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.5.The UE of claim 2 or 3, wherein the processor is configured to determine the second resource by:determining a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource, whereinthe time duration of the second resource is the same as the time duration of the first resource, andthe first resource and the second resource are in a same time slot.6.The UE of claim 2 or 3, wherein the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, and the processor is configured to determine the second resource by:determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource.7.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to monitor the control signal by:determining the first resource based on the configuration; andmonitoring the control signal based on the first resource over a first number of slots, wherein the control signal comprises one or more monitoring candidates associated with at least one of an aggregation level and a maximal repetition number of the control signal.8.The UE of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine the first number of slots based on the maximal repetition number.9.The UE of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine the maximal repetition number based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.10.The UE of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine the maximal repetition number based on the configuration or the first number of slots.11.The UE of claim 1, wherein the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, and the processor is further configured to monitor the control signal by:determining a starting slot of a monitoring candidate in the first resource based on at least one of a repetition number of the monitoring candidate and the transmission beam index; andmonitoring the control signal based on the starting slot.12.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to receive the configuration by:receiving the configuration via a master information block (MIB) .13.A base station comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:transmit, via the transceiver to a user equipment (UE) , a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; andtransmit the control signal in the resource based on the configuration.14.The base station of claim 13, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the control signal by:determining the second resource based on the first resource; andtransmitting the control signal based on the first resource and the second resource.15.The base station of claim 14, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the control signal by one of the following:mapping the control signal in an order of the first resource and then in the second resource, orrepeating a mapping of the control signal in the first resource and in the second resource.16.The base station of claim 14 or 15, wherein the processor is configured to determine the second resource by:determining a frequency band of the second resource based on a monitoring frequency band of the first resource for the UE.17.The base station of claim 14 or 15, wherein the processor is configured to determine the second resource by:determining a time duration of the second resource based on a time duration of the first resource, whereinthe time duration of the second resource is the same as the time duration of the first resource, andthe first resource and the second resource are in a same time slot.18.The base station of claim 14 or 15, wherein the resource for the control signal is associated with a transmission beam index, and the processor is configured to determine the second resource by:determining a starting symbol of the second resource based on at least one of a scaling slot number for the transmission beam index and a time duration of the first resource.19.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , the method comprising: receiving, from a base station, a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; andmonitoring the control signal in the resource based on the configuration.20.A method performed by a base station, the method comprising:transmitting, to a user equipment (UE) , a configuration of a resource and search space for a control signal, wherein the resource for the control signal comprises at least one of a first resource and a second resource, and the second resource is associated with the first resource; andtransmitting the control signal in the resource based on the configuration.