Mining dump trucks and their return material removal systems

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of mining dump trucks, and particularly relates to a mining dump truck and its return material removal system. The system includes: a temperature sensor, an angle sensor, a pressure sensor, an electronic control unit, and a vibration module. The temperature sensor collects ambient temperature signals; the angle sensor is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck to collect angle signals indicating the tilt of the cargo box; the pressure sensor is installed at the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the mining dump truck to collect pressure signals within the lifting hydraulic cylinder; the vibration module is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck to provide vibration impact force to the cargo box; the electronic control unit receives temperature signals collected by the temperature sensor, angle signals collected by the angle sensor, and pressure signals collected by the pressure sensor, and outputs vibration module control signals to control the working state of the vibration module. This system eliminates the need for bottom heating, effectively reducing energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mining dump trucks, and in particular relates to a mining dump truck and its return material removal system. Background Technology

[0002] Dump trucks, also known as tipper trucks, are vehicles that automatically unload materials using hydraulic or mechanical lifting. A typical dump truck consists of a chassis, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a cargo box, and a power take-off unit. The cargo box can tip backward or sideways to dump materials. Dump trucks are often used in conjunction with excavators, loaders, and other construction machinery for loading, unloading, and transporting earth, sand, gravel, and bulk materials, significantly saving time and labor and improving transportation efficiency.

[0003] When mining dump trucks transport sticky or water-containing materials in cold regions, the material is prone to freezing and sticking to the metal parts of the cargo box, making it impossible to unload and causing material backflow. Currently, the main method to reduce this problem is to use engine exhaust to heat the cargo box. However, engine exhaust is corrosive and reduces the service life of the cargo box. Furthermore, the heat input from engine exhaust may not be sufficient in extremely cold weather. New energy vehicles, which do not use engine exhaust, rely on electric heating to heat the bottom of the cargo box. However, because dump truck cargo boxes are generally large, the heating area is also large, requiring a significant amount of electricity and resulting in unnecessary energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a mining dump truck and its return material removal system to solve the problem that dump trucks in the prior art require a large amount of power supply, resulting in unnecessary energy waste.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: a material return removal system for a mining dump truck, the material return removal system including a temperature sensor, an angle sensor, a pressure sensor, an electronic control unit, and a vibration module, wherein:

[0006] The temperature sensor is used to collect ambient temperature signals;

[0007] The angle sensor is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck to collect the angle signal of the tilt of the cargo box;

[0008] The pressure sensor is installed at the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the mining dump truck to collect the pressure signal inside the lifting hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] The vibration module is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck to provide vibration impact force to the cargo box;

[0010] The electronic control unit is used to receive temperature signals collected by the temperature sensor, angle signals collected by the angle sensor, and pressure signals collected by the pressure sensor, and output vibration module control signals for controlling the working state of the vibration module.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the vibration module includes a directional valve, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, and an impact hammer. The input end of the directional valve is connected to a hydraulic source, the first output end of the directional valve is connected to the first end of the hydraulic cylinder, the second output end of the directional valve is connected to the second end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the impact hammer is disposed on one side of the hydraulic cylinder and mounted on the cargo box.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the vibration module is located on the front side of the cargo box and on the bottom plate of the cargo box, with the front side of the cargo box being the side away from the axis of rotation of the cargo box.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the vibration module is located on the front side of the cargo box and near a corner of the cargo box; and / or, the vibration module is located at the bottom of the cargo box's bottom plate and on a side away from the cargo box's axis of rotation.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the return material removal system further includes a first gear switch connected to the electronic control unit, which receives the gear signal selected by the first gear switch and outputs the switching frequency of the reversing valve.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the return material removal system further includes an accumulator connected to a hydraulic source, wherein the hydraulic control signal of the hydraulic system of the vibration module is used to control the hydraulic pressure of the accumulator.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the electronic control unit includes a first comparator, a first input terminal of which is used to receive a temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor, and a second input terminal of which is connected to a first standard signal corresponding to a predetermined temperature threshold. When the ambient temperature corresponding to the temperature signal is higher than the temperature threshold corresponding to the first standard signal, the return material detection control loop is disconnected.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the return material detection control loop is disconnected, including by turning off the power supply loops of the angle sensor, pressure sensor, and / or vibration module via a control switch.

[0018] This application also proposes a mining dump truck, which includes the material return removal system of any of the above-described mining dump trucks.

[0019] In this invention, a temperature sensor collects ambient temperature signals, an angle sensor collects the tilt angle signals of the cargo box of the mining dump truck, and a pressure sensor collects the pressure signals inside the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the cargo box of the mining dump truck. The electronic control unit can receive angle signals, temperature signals, and pressure signals, and output vibration module control signals to control the working state of the vibration module. This allows the material return removal system to automatically perform material return removal operations based on the collected signals, which is beneficial for reducing energy consumption compared to the bottom heating method of the cargo box. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a material return removal system for a mining dump truck provided by this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front of a cargo box provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of a cargo box provided for an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0024] Dump trucks, also known as tipper trucks, automatically unload goods using hydraulic or mechanical lifting systems. Their typical structure consists of a chassis, lifting mechanism, cargo box, and power take-off (PTO). The cargo box can tilt backward or sideways for rapid unloading. In the transportation of bulk materials such as earth, rock, and sand, they often work in conjunction with excavators and loaders, significantly saving manpower and shortening construction time.

[0025] However, in frigid mining areas, when transporting materials containing moisture or high viscosity, the materials are prone to freezing and adhering firmly to the metal box walls, causing a "material return" problem. Currently, the common practice is to use engine exhaust to heat the cargo box, but exhaust is corrosive, shortening the box's lifespan, and often insufficient in extremely cold conditions; new energy vehicles have no exhaust available and can only use electric heating. Because mining dump trucks are large, the electric heating system needs to cover a large area of ​​the floor, leading to a surge in energy consumption and creating an additional burden.

[0026] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes a material return removal system for mining dump trucks. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the recycled material removal system, which includes a temperature sensor 11, an angle sensor 12, a pressure sensor 13, an electronic control unit 14, and a vibration module 15, wherein:

[0027] The temperature sensor 11 is used to collect ambient temperature signals;

[0028] The angle sensor 12 is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck and is used to collect the angle signal of the tilt of the cargo box;

[0029] The pressure sensor 13 is installed at the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the mining dump truck to collect the pressure signal inside the lifting hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] The vibration module 15 is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck to provide vibration impact force to the cargo box;

[0031] The electronic control unit 14 is used to receive the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor 11, the angle signal collected by the angle sensor 12, and the pressure signal collected by the pressure sensor 13, and output a vibration module control signal for controlling the working state of the vibration module 15.

[0032] The material return removal system in this embodiment refers to the system used to remove materials remaining in the cargo box of a mining dump truck during unloading operations, including soil, sand, gravel, and bulk materials. A temperature sensor 11 is used to detect the ambient temperature of the mining dump truck. This temperature sensor 11 can be located at the bottom or outside the side of the cargo box's floor, allowing for temperature data collection while preventing material damage to the sensor. Normally, when the ambient temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius, moisture begins to freeze, causing ice bridges to form between materials in the cargo box, resulting in slight adhesion. Therefore, this embodiment can set a temperature threshold. When the ambient temperature is below this threshold, material return detection in the cargo box can begin. When the ambient temperature is above this threshold, material return detection in the cargo box is not required.

[0033] To simplify the control method, the electronic control unit used for temperature comparison may include a first comparator. A first input terminal of the first comparator may be connected to a temperature sensor to receive the temperature signal acquired by the sensor. A second input terminal of the comparator is connected to a first standard signal corresponding to a predetermined temperature threshold. If the ambient temperature corresponding to the temperature signal is higher than the temperature threshold corresponding to the first standard signal, the return material detection control loop is disconnected.

[0034] The temperature signal collected by temperature sensor 11 can be an electrical signal such as a voltage signal or a current signal. Based on a preset temperature threshold, the temperature signal corresponding to the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor at that threshold is determined as the first standard signal. Comparing the temperature signal with the first standard signal yields a comparison result between the ambient temperature and the temperature threshold. If the ambient temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, a controllable switch can be triggered based on the comparison result output by the first comparator. For example, the controllable switch can be triggered to disconnect the return material detection control circuit, including triggering the controllable switch to close the power supply circuits of the angle sensor and pressure sensor, and disconnecting the power supply circuit of the disturbance device, at least one of these. This allows the material to be dumped directly by tilting the cargo box in high-temperature scenarios. When the ambient temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the return material detection can be further performed by combining the signals detected by angle sensor 12 and pressure sensor 13.

[0035] Angle sensor 12 is used to collect changes in the tilt of the cargo box during self-unloading operations. This angle sensor 12 can be a capacitive inclinometer, a photoelectric rotary encoder, or a Hall effect angle sensor. The angle sensor 12 can be installed at the bottom of the cargo box's base plate or on its side. The angle sensor 12 measures the change in the cargo box's angle relative to its initial tilt angle. A larger angle change at angle sensor 12 makes it easier for material to be poured out of the cargo box. If material is stuck inside the cargo box, for example, due to low temperatures causing it to freeze and adhere to the box, even if the cargo box has been tilted to its maximum angle, the material may still not be able to pour out automatically. In this case, the material removal system described in this embodiment needs to apply external force to separate the material from the cargo box, thereby more effectively removing the material from the cargo box.

[0036] In this embodiment, the angle sensor 12 can be preset with a maximum angle at which tipping occurs. When the cargo box is at its maximum angle, the material inside the cargo box is more easily poured out compared to other angles smaller than the maximum angle. To more effectively detect whether there is backfill material inside the cargo box (the amount of backfill material is greater than a predetermined backfill material threshold), when the tilt angle of the cargo box reaches the preset maximum angle, a pressure sensor can be used to detect the pressure in the lifting hydraulic cylinder, such as the pressure inside the lifting cylinder. If the pressure in the pressure sensor inside the lifting hydraulic cylinder is greater than a predetermined pressure threshold, it indicates that there is a large amount of backfill material inside the cargo box (which, if not removed, may be carried back to its original location), and a backfill material removal operation is required.

[0037] To improve the convenience of detection in the embodiments of this application, the electronic control unit in the return material removal system of this application may include a second comparator. The first input terminal of the second comparator may be connected to the angle sensor 12 to receive the angle signal detected by the angle sensor. The second input terminal of the second comparator may be connected to a second standard signal corresponding to a predetermined angle. When the angle corresponding to the angle signal detected by the angle sensor is greater than or equal to the predetermined angle, the pressure sensor 13 can be activated for pressure detection. The predetermined angle may be less than the maximum angle.

[0038] It is not limited to setting a single comparator; multiple comparators and multiple angle thresholds can be set to compare at different angles.

[0039] When the angle sensor 12 detects that the current tilt angle is greater than the predetermined angle, the predetermined pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 13 in the lifting hydraulic cylinder when the empty cargo box is at that angle can be measured in advance. When the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 13 is greater than the predetermined pressure signal and exceeds a certain value, it indicates that there is residual material in the cargo box and the material needs to be removed by controlling the vibration module.

[0040] To simplify control, the electronic control unit 14 may include a third comparator. The pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 13 can be sent to the first input of the third comparator. The second input of the third comparator can be connected to a predetermined third standard signal. The third standard signal can be greater than the predetermined pressure signal. When the detected pressure signal is greater than the third standard signal, it indicates that there is a lot of back material in the cargo box, and a back material removal operation is required. The vibration module can be triggered to start working through the output of the third comparator, such as by turning on the power supply of the vibration module or turning on the hydraulic power source of the vibration module.

[0041] The vibration module in this embodiment may include a reversing valve and a vibrator. The vibrator may include a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, and an impact hammer. The input end of the reversing valve is connected to a hydraulic source, the first output end of the reversing valve is connected to the first end of the hydraulic cylinder, the second output end of the reversing valve is connected to the second end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the impact hammer is disposed on one side of the hydraulic cylinder and mounted on the cargo box.

[0042] When the vibration module is connected to the hydraulic power source, and the commutator is in the first directional conduction state, the piston is at the first end of the cylinder. When the commutator is in the second directional conduction state, the piston is subjected to hydraulic force in the opposite direction, quickly moving the piston to the second end of the cylinder. If the impact hammer is installed at the second end of the cylinder, it will be impacted by the piston, causing the impact hammer to generate a large impact force on the cargo box. This causes the material inside the cargo box to separate from the cargo box due to the impact force and dump out of the cargo box, completing the removal of adhering materials.

[0043] If an impact fails to clear the pressure effectively, the vibration module can be continuously triggered until a pressure signal is detected that meets the predetermined requirements, such as being less than the predetermined third standard signal.

[0044] To improve the working efficiency of the vibration module, in this embodiment, the vibration module is located on the front side and bottom plate of the cargo box, with the front side being the side furthest from the rotation axis of the cargo box. By causing the bottom plate of the cargo box to vibrate, the material can be more directly affected by the vibration and thus break up the adhesion. By setting the vibration module on the front side of the cargo box, the vibration amplitude of the cargo box can be controlled to a greater extent, thereby improving the material removal effect.

[0045] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the front side of the cargo box. When the vibration module 15 is located on the front side 2 of the cargo box, the vibration module 15 is close to the corners of the cargo box, making it easier to remove materials that are more prone to sticking at the corners. Figure 3 In the schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the cargo box shown, the vibration module 15 is located at the bottom of the bottom plate 3 of the cargo box and on the side away from the rotation axis 4 of the cargo box. This allows the vibration module 15 to generate a greater vibration effect when it drives the bottom plate 3 of the cargo box to vibrate, thereby improving the efficiency of material removal.

[0046] In addition, to adapt to the adhesion removal effect of different materials, the return material removal system in this embodiment may further include a first gear switch. The first gear switch may include multiple gears, with different gears corresponding to control signals of different vibration frequencies. The first gear switch is connected to an electronic control unit. After receiving the gear signal selected by the first gear switch, the electronic control unit outputs the switching frequency of the directional valve. For example, a voltage-frequency converter converts the voltage corresponding to the gear signal selected by the first gear switch into control signals of different frequencies, thereby enabling the vibration module to operate at different working frequencies to adapt to the removal operation of different materials.

[0047] In a possible implementation, this application embodiment may further include a second gear switch connected to an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit receives the gear selection signal from the second gear switch and outputs a control signal for the hydraulic system of the vibration module. By controlling the output of different hydraulic pressures from the hydraulic system, the magnitude of the force exerted by the vibration module can be controlled, thereby enabling more effective adaptation to the removal of different materials.

[0048] In possible implementations, the material removal system of this application embodiment may further include an accumulator connected to a hydraulic source. The hydraulic control signal of the hydraulic system of the vibration module can control the accumulator to perform energy storage operation, thereby generating hydraulic pressure of different magnitudes so that the vibration module outputs vibration force of different magnitudes.

[0049] This application also proposes a mining dump truck, which includes the aforementioned return material removal system.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rehandling removal system for a mining dump truck, characterized by, The recycled material removal system includes a temperature sensor, an angle sensor, a pressure sensor, an electronic control unit, and a vibration module, wherein: The temperature sensor is used to collect ambient temperature signals; The angle sensor is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck to collect the angle signal of the tilt of the cargo box; The pressure sensor is installed at the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the mining dump truck to collect the pressure signal inside the lifting hydraulic cylinder. The vibration module is installed on the cargo box of the mining dump truck to provide vibration impact force to the cargo box; The electronic control unit is used to receive temperature signals collected by the temperature sensor, angle signals collected by the angle sensor, and pressure signals collected by the pressure sensor, and output vibration module control signals for controlling the working state of the vibration module.

2. The return material removal system of a mining dump truck of claim 1, wherein, The vibration module includes a reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, and an impact hammer. The input end of the reversing valve is connected to a hydraulic source, the first output end of the reversing valve is connected to the first end of the hydraulic cylinder, the second output end of the reversing valve is connected to the second end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the impact hammer is disposed on one side of the hydraulic cylinder and mounted on the cargo box.

3. The return material removal system of a mining dump truck of claim 2, wherein, The vibration module is located on the front side of the cargo box and on the bottom plate of the cargo box, with the front side of the cargo box being the side away from the rotation axis of the cargo box.

4. The return material removal system of a mining dump truck of claim 3, wherein, The vibration module is located on the front side of the cargo box and near the corner of the cargo box; and / or, the vibration module is located at the bottom of the bottom plate of the cargo box and on the side away from the rotation axis of the cargo box.

5. The return material removal system of a mining dump truck of claim 2, wherein, The return material removal system also includes a first gear switch, which is connected to the electronic control unit. The electronic control unit receives the gear signal selected by the first gear switch and outputs the switching frequency of the reversing valve.

6. The return material removal system of a mining dump truck of claim 2, wherein, The return material removal system also includes a second gear switch, which is connected to the electronic control unit. The electronic control unit receives the gear selection signal from the second gear switch and outputs the hydraulic control signal of the hydraulic system of the vibration module.

7. The return material removal system of a mining dump truck of claim 6, wherein, The return material removal system also includes an accumulator, which is connected to a hydraulic source. The hydraulic control signal of the hydraulic system of the vibration module is used to control the hydraulic pressure of the accumulator.

8. The return material removal system of a mining dump truck of claim 1, wherein, The electronic control unit includes a first comparator. The first input terminal of the first comparator is used to receive the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor. The second input terminal of the comparator is connected to a first standard signal corresponding to a predetermined temperature threshold. When the ambient temperature corresponding to the temperature signal is higher than the temperature threshold corresponding to the first standard signal, the return material detection control loop is disconnected.

9. The material return removal system for a mining dump truck according to claim 8, characterized in that, Disconnect the return material detection control circuit, including shutting off the power supply circuits for the angle sensor, pressure sensor, and / or vibration module via a control switch.

10. A mining dump truck characterized in that, The mining dump truck is equipped with a material return removal system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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