Vehicle window glass and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle communications, and discloses vehicle window glass and a vehicle. The vehicle window glass of the present application comprises a window region and a frame region enclosing the periphery of the window region. An antenna structure is provided in the frame region; the antenna structure comprises a first branch line and a second branch line sequentially arranged in the frame region along the extension direction of the frame region, and a third branch line arranged on one side of the first branch line and the second branch line along a first direction; the third branch line is separately coupled to the ends of the first branch line and of the second branch line; and the first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the frame region. The vehicle window glass and the vehicle provided by the present application allow for reduction of the impact of parts in the vehicle on an antenna.

Description

A type of automotive window glass and vehicle

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024233021667, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on December 30, 2024, entitled “A Window Glass for Vehicles and a Vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of vehicle communication technology, and more specifically, to a vehicle window glass and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0004] With the development of communication technology, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) will have higher demands for network bandwidth and transmission rates, making the requirements for vehicle antenna types increasingly urgent. IoV refers to the technological system for communication between vehicles and other vehicles, infrastructure, pedestrians, and other objects in the surrounding environment. The goal of IoV is to improve road safety, enhance traffic efficiency, and provide drivers with better information services. Specifically, IoV technologies include vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, vehicle-to-network communication, and vehicle-to-grid communication to improve the practicality, convenience, and safety of vehicles during use.

[0005] To achieve vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connectivity, antennas are needed to transmit and receive signals. Related technologies include antenna placement within the telematics unit, the fin antenna, and the onboard diagnostic system. However, these three components have limited space and are susceptible to signal interference. Alternatively, antennas can be mounted on the vehicle's window glass. However, many cars apply glass coatings to their windshields, rear windows, and sunroofs to block ultraviolet radiation. These coatings contain metallic components, which significantly impact antenna performance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle window glass and a vehicle that can reduce the impact of vehicle components on the antenna.

[0007] One embodiment of this application provides a vehicle window glass, including a window area and a frame area surrounding the outer periphery of the window area. An antenna structure is disposed within the frame area. The antenna structure includes a first branch line and a second branch line sequentially disposed in the frame area along the extension direction of the frame area, and a third branch line disposed on one side of the first branch line and the second branch line along a first direction. The third branch line is coupled to the ends of the first branch line and the second branch line respectively. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the frame area.

[0008] As one feasible approach, the third branch is positioned on the side closest to the viewing area.

[0009] As one feasible approach, there is a gap between the third branch and the boundary of the viewport area.

[0010] As one feasible approach, a grounding point is set between the first branch and the second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are connected through the grounding point.

[0011] As one feasible approach, the third branch is coupled to the first and second branches respectively via a bend in the line, and is coupled to the signal access point.

[0012] As one feasible approach, the grounding point and signal access point are connected to a coaxial cable, with the other end of the coaxial cable used to connect to a radio frequency interface.

[0013] As one feasible approach, the coaxial cable includes a core layer and a shielding layer that surrounds the core layer.

[0014] As one feasible approach, the signal access point and grounding point are arranged along the direction close to the viewing window area, and the first branch and the second branch are close to each other on one side.

[0015] As one feasible approach, the edges of the first and second branches are irregular and funnel-shaped toward the third branch.

[0016] As one possible implementation, the third branch includes an extension that extends between the first and second branches.

[0017] As one feasible approach, the cross-sectional area of ​​the extension gradually increases along the direction close to the viewing window area.

[0018] As one feasible approach, the width direction of the antenna structure is along the direction away from the viewing area, and the length direction of the antenna structure is along the direction extending from the border area. The length of the antenna structure is 2-3 times the width of the antenna structure.

[0019] As one feasible approach, the first and second branches have different lengths along the extension direction of the border area.

[0020] As one feasible approach, the third branch is a high-frequency array; the first and second branches are low-frequency arrays, respectively.

[0021] Another embodiment of this application provides a vehicle, including a frame and the aforementioned vehicle window glass embedded in the frame.

[0022] Another embodiment of this application provides a vehicle, including a frame and the aforementioned vehicle window glass embedded in the frame.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application include:

[0024] The automotive window glass provided in this application includes a window area and a frame area surrounding the window area. An antenna structure is disposed within the frame area. The antenna structure includes a first branch and a second branch sequentially disposed along the extension direction of the frame area, and a third branch disposed along a first direction on one side of the first and second branches. The first and second branches extend along the extension direction of the frame area, making full use of the area of ​​the frame area. The third branch is coupled to the ends of the first and second branches, placing it between the first and second branches. Utilizing the space of the frame area along the first direction, the third branch is coupled to the ends of the first and second branches. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the frame area. Through the structural arrangement of the first, second, and third branches, the antenna structure can be located within the relatively narrow frame area, thereby isolating the antenna structure from the glass film of the window area. The antenna structure is also disposed at a certain distance from other vehicle components. Therefore, the automotive window glass provided in this application can reduce the influence of vehicle components on the antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle window glass provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 1;

[0028] Figure 3 is an S11 curve diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 is an antenna efficiency curve of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Icons: 100 - Automotive window glass; 110 - Window area; 120 - Frame area; 130 - Antenna structure; 131 - First branch; 132 - Second branch; 133 - Third branch; 134 - Grounding point; 135 - Signal access point; 140 - Coaxial cable; 150 - RF interface. Embodiments of the present invention

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only configured for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] With the development of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology, antenna design is gradually moving towards anti-interference and full-band coverage. The antenna design in related technologies is more or less affected by the vehicle itself.

[0034] This application provides a vehicle window glass 100, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, including a window area 110 and a frame area 120 surrounding the outer periphery of the window area 110. An antenna structure 130 is disposed within the frame area 120. The antenna structure 130 includes a first branch line 131 and a second branch line 132 sequentially disposed in the frame area 120 along the extension direction of the frame area 120, and a third branch line 133 disposed on one side of the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 along a first direction. The third branch line 133 is coupled to the ends of the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 respectively. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the frame area 120.

[0035] The vehicle window glass provided in this application embodiment is embedded in the vehicle frame and configured to provide a visible window between the vehicle's interior and exterior. Specifically, the vehicle window glass 100 provided in this application embodiment includes a window area 110 and a frame area 120 surrounding the window area 110. The window area 110 is configured to form a visible window between the vehicle's interior and exterior. An antenna structure 130 is disposed within the frame area 120. Disposing of the antenna structure 130 within the frame area 120 does not affect the visibility of the window. Furthermore, since the window area 110 is typically coated with a glass film configured to resist ultraviolet radiation, placing the antenna structure 130 within the frame area 120 allows it to be located in a different area from the glass film, thereby avoiding interference from the glass film on the antenna performance. In addition, the antenna structure 130 is also disposed at a certain distance from other vehicle components. Therefore, the vehicle window glass provided in this application embodiment can reduce the impact of vehicle components on the antenna.

[0036] More specifically, the antenna structure 130 of this application embodiment includes a first branch line 131 and a second branch line 132 arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the frame region 120, wherein the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 extend along the extension direction of the frame region 120, thereby making full use of the area of ​​the frame region 120; a third branch line 133 is arranged on one side of the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 along the first direction, the third branch line 133 is located between the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132, and is coupled to the ends of the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132, thereby making full use of the space of the frame region 120 along the first direction.

[0037] The arrangement of the first branch 131, the second branch 132 and the third branch 133 allows the antenna structure 130 to be compactly placed in the narrower area of ​​the frame region 120, thereby isolating it from the glass film of the window region 110 and preventing it from affecting the antenna performance.

[0038] In summary, by setting the antenna structure 130 as three branches, the antenna structure 130 has a long and narrow shape, which allows the antenna structure 130 to be placed on the frame area 120, thereby isolating the antenna structure 130 from the glass film of the viewing window area 110 and avoiding the influence of the glass film on the performance of the antenna structure 130.

[0039] The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the border area 120, that is, the direction from the window area 110 to the border area 120, that is, the direction from the inside to the outside; the extension direction of the border area 120 is the circumferential direction of its outer contour.

[0040] In practical applications, to ensure the visibility of the vehicle window glass 100, the window area 110 occupies most of the area of ​​the vehicle window glass 100. Therefore, the width (in the first direction) of the frame area 120 is relatively narrow, not exceeding 50mm. In this embodiment, the antenna structure 130 is reasonably arranged so that its width is about 40mm, which is suitable for the limited space of the frame area.

[0041] Specifically, the exact location of the automotive window glass 100 is not limited in this embodiment, as long as it allows for convenient installation of the antenna structure 130. For example, it can be applied to the windshield, rear windshield, sunroof, etc. It should be noted that since the antenna structure 130 needs to be connected to the vehicle's radio frequency interface 150, those skilled in the art can reasonably select the location of the automotive window glass 100 for the antenna structure 130 based on the location of the radio frequency interface 150.

[0042] Furthermore, the specific structure of the automotive window glass 100 is not limited in this application embodiment; it can be double-layered laminated glass with a thickness of 4.4mm or single-layered glass with a thickness of 2.1mm.

[0043] To further increase the distance between the antenna structure 130 and the glass film, they can be positioned on opposite sides of the glass. When the glass is double-layered laminated glass, the antenna structure 130 can also be positioned between the double-layered laminated glass, which also serves to protect the antenna structure 130.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, the antenna structure 130 can be a transparent nano-silver structure or an opaque copper foil structure. When the antenna structure 130 is a transparent nano-silver structure, the transmittance of the antenna structure 130 is 80%.

[0045] The automotive window glass 100 provided in this application includes a window area 110 and a frame area 120 surrounding the outer periphery of the window area 110. An antenna structure 130 is disposed within the frame area 120. The antenna structure 130 includes a first branch line 131 and a second branch line 132 arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the frame area 120, and a third branch line 133 disposed on one side of the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 along a first direction. The first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 extend along the extension direction of the frame area 120, thus fully utilizing the longitudinal space of the frame area 120. The third branch line 133 is coupled to the ends of the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 and is located between them, thereby fully utilizing the lateral space of the frame area 120 in the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the frame area 120.

[0046] By arranging the first branch 131, the second branch 132, and the third branch 133, the antenna structure 130 can be compactly arranged within the limited-width border area 120, thereby isolating it from the glass film of the viewing window area 110 and preventing it from interfering with antenna performance. Simultaneously, the antenna structure 130 is also positioned at a certain distance from other vehicle components. Therefore, the vehicle viewing window glass provided in this embodiment can reduce the impact of vehicle components on the antenna.

[0047] Optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the third branch 133 is disposed on one side close to the window area 110, and there is a gap between the third branch 133 and the boundary of the window area 110.

[0048] Understandably, antenna structure 130 needs to be connected to radio frequency interface 150 so that radio frequency interface 150 controls the transmission and reception of signals of antenna structure 130. To facilitate the connection between the two, the third branch 133 is placed on the side close to the viewing window area 110, thereby reserving space for connection with radio frequency interface 150.

[0049] To avoid the proximity of the boundary of the viewing area 110 to the third branch 133 affecting the antenna structure 130, this embodiment of the application provides a gap between the third branch 133 and the boundary of the viewing area 110, thereby creating a gap between the glass film and the third branch 133, effectively reducing the mutual influence between the two.

[0050] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a grounding point 134 is provided between the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132, and the first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 are connected through the grounding point 134. The first branch line 131 and the second branch line 132 are connected through the grounding point 134 to ground them together.

[0051] Optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the third branch 133 is coupled to the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 respectively through a bend in the line, and is coupled to the signal access point 135.

[0052] In order to achieve coupling between the third branch 133 and the first branch 131 and the second branch 132, and to isolate it from the grounding point 134, the third branch 133 passes over the grounding point 134 through a bend and connects to the signal access point 135, so that the radio frequency signal can be accessed through the signal access point 135.

[0053] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, grounding point 134 and signal access point 135 are respectively connected to coaxial cable 140, and the other end of coaxial cable 140 is configured to be connected to radio frequency interface 150.

[0054] In the application, both the grounding signal and the access signal are connected to the radio frequency interface 150. In order to avoid mutual interference between the grounding signal and the access signal, in this embodiment of the application, the grounding point 134 and the signal access point 135 are respectively connected to the coaxial line 140.

[0055] Furthermore, the coaxial cable 140 includes a core wire layer and a shielding layer that wraps around the core wire layer. In this way, the wiring signal and the access signal propagate in the core wire layer of the corresponding coaxial cable 140, and the shielding layer isolates the core wire layers of the two coaxial cables 140, thereby avoiding mutual interference between the grounding signal and the access signal.

[0056] Optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the signal access point 135 and the ground point 134 are arranged along the direction close to the viewing window area 110, and the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 are close to each other on one side.

[0057] Furthermore, the edges of the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 are irregular, and they form a funnel shape towards the third branch 133. It is understood that setting the side of the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 that is close to each other as an irregular edge allows for impedance matching across different frequency bands, resulting in lower impedance at different frequencies within each branch band, thereby reducing the transmission loss of the antenna structure 130. The funnel shape towards the third branch 133 provides space for coupling between the third branch 133 and the first branch 131 and the second branch 132, facilitating coupling of the three branches.

[0058] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the third branch 133 includes an extension extending between the first branch 131 and the second branch 132, so that the third branch 133 can be coupled with the first branch 131 and the second branch 132. Further, to match the structure of the first branch 131 and the second branch 132, the cross-sectional area of ​​the extension gradually increases along the direction close to the viewing window region 110.

[0059] Optionally, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the direction away from the viewing area 110 is the width direction of the antenna structure 130, and the direction extending along the border area 120 is the length direction of the antenna structure 130. The length of the antenna structure 130 is 2-3 times the width of the antenna structure 130.

[0060] The length of the antenna structure 130 is 2-3 times the width of the antenna structure 130, making the antenna structure 130 a long strip shape, which is convenient to be set within the frame area 120 and makes full use of the long strip space of the frame area 120.

[0061] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 have different lengths along the extension direction of the border region 120.

[0062] To achieve signal reception across different frequency bands, this embodiment sets the lengths of the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 along the extension direction of the frame region 120 to be different, thereby configuring the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 to transmit and receive signals of different frequency bands. Based on this, the antenna structure 130 of this embodiment can transmit and receive signals of multiple different frequency bands, expanding the transmit and receive frequency bands of the antenna structure 130 and enabling the antenna structure 130 to achieve ultra-wideband full-band coverage.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the third branch 133 is a high-frequency element configured to adjust the impedance value at high-frequency points. The first branch 131 and the second branch 132 are low-frequency elements. By setting the lengths of the three branches differently, the frequency of the antenna structure 130 in this embodiment can be between 600MHz and 6000MHz, which can meet the frequency band requirements of multiple standards such as 2G GSM, 3G, 4G LTE, 5G NR, IoT, CAT-M, NB, WIFI, and GNSS.

[0064] Specifically, the frequency of the antenna structure 130 for transmitting and receiving signals is not limited in this embodiment. Those skilled in the art can set the lengths of the first branch 131 and the second branch 132 along the extension direction of the frame region 120 according to the actual situation to achieve the transmission and reception of signals of different frequencies. For example, the frequency of the signals transmitted and received by the antenna structure 130 can be 600MHz~960MHz, 1710MHz~2690MHz, or 3300MHz~6000MHz.

[0065] To verify the transmission and reception performance of the antenna structure 130 in this embodiment for signals in different frequency bands, tests were conducted on the S11 and antenna efficiency of the antenna structure 130. The test results are shown in Figures 3 and 4. Figure 3 is a graph of the S11 of the antenna structure 130, where S11 is the reciprocal of the return loss of the antenna structure 130, in dB. As can be seen from Figure 3, S11 has good return loss performance in the 600MHz~6000MHz frequency band. Figure 4 is a graph of the antenna efficiency of the antenna structure 130. As can be seen from Figure 4, the antenna structure 130 has high transmission efficiency in the 600MHz~6000MHz frequency band.

[0066] This application also discloses a vehicle, including a frame and the aforementioned vehicle window glass 100 embedded in the frame. This vehicle has the same structure and beneficial effects as the vehicle window glass 100 in the foregoing embodiments. The structure and beneficial effects of the vehicle window glass 100 have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. Industrial applicability

[0068] In summary, this disclosure provides an automotive window glass and a vehicle that can reduce the impact of vehicle components on the antenna.

Claims

1. A type of automotive window glass, characterized in that, The device includes a viewing window area and a border area surrounding the viewing window area. An antenna structure is disposed within the border area. The antenna structure includes a first branch line and a second branch line arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the border area, and a third branch line disposed on one side of the first branch line and the second branch line along a first direction. The third branch line is coupled to the ends of the first branch line and the second branch line respectively. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the border area.

2. The automotive window glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third branch line is located on one side close to the viewing window area.

3. The automotive window glass according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, There is a gap between the third branch and the boundary of the viewport area.

4. The automotive window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A grounding point is provided between the first branch line and the second branch line, and the first branch line and the second branch line are connected through the grounding point.

5. The automotive window glass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third branch line is coupled to the first branch line and the second branch line respectively through a bend in the line, and is coupled to the signal access point.

6. The automotive window glass according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grounding point and the signal access point are respectively connected to a coaxial cable, and the other end of the coaxial cable is configured to be connected to a radio frequency interface.

7. The automotive window glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coaxial cable includes a core wire layer and a shielding layer that wraps around the core wire layer.

8. The automotive window glass according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The signal access point and the grounding point are arranged along the direction close to the viewing window area, and are close to each other on the first branch and the second branch.

9. The automotive window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The edges of the first branch and the second branch are irregular and funnel-shaped towards the third branch.

10. The automotive window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The third branch includes an extension that extends between the first branch and the second branch.

11. The automotive window glass according to claim 10, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the extension gradually increases along the direction close to the viewing window area.

12. The automotive window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The direction away from the viewing window area is the width direction of the antenna structure, and the direction extending along the border area is the length direction of the antenna structure. The length of the antenna structure is 2-3 times the width of the antenna structure.

13. The automotive window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first branch and the second branch have different lengths along the extension direction of the border region.

14. The automotive window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The third branch is a high-frequency element; the first branch and the second branch are low-frequency elements.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes a vehicle frame and a vehicle window glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, mounted on the vehicle frame.

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