Visual acuity test method and apparatus, and electronic device, medium and computer program product

Abstract

Provided are a visual acuity test method and apparatus, and an electronic device, a medium and a computer program product. The method comprises: determining an initial position identifier in a first visual acuity chart corresponding to an estimated visual acuity, wherein the first visual acuity chart comprises a plurality of optotype rows, and each optotype row comprises a plurality of optotypes and one position identifier; feeding back a plurality of initial recognition results corresponding to the initial position identifier; on the basis of the plurality of initial recognition results, determining a first specific optotype row and a second specific optotype row, wherein the first specific optotype row is adjacent to the second specific optotype row, a visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row is superior to a visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row, recognition results of a plurality of optotypes in the first specific optotype row are all correct, and the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype row is incorrect; and on the basis of the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes the recognition results of which are correct in the second specific optotype row, obtaining a visual acuity test result. The method is simple and easy to implement, and has a higher accuracy.

Description

Vision testing methods, devices, electronic equipment, media, and computing programs

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2025100118478, filed on January 3, 2025, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0002] At least one embodiment of this disclosure relates to a vision testing method, a vision testing device, an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product. Background Technology

[0003] Visual acuity, also known as visual acuity, reflects the ability of the macula of the retina to recognize spatial details. When the eyes are relaxed, a person with emmetropia can clearly identify a target at a distance of 5 meters or more from a visual acuity chart, while for those with refractive errors, the target is blurry. Visual acuity testing is an important part of routine ophthalmological examinations, usually requiring the examinee to view a target at a distance of 5 meters or more. The test results at this time reflect the examinee's distance visual acuity level. Early symptoms of myopia in children often manifest as a significant decrease in distance visual acuity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] At least one embodiment of this disclosure relates to a vision testing method, a vision testing device, an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0005] At least one embodiment of this disclosure relates to a vision testing method, comprising: determining an initial position marker in a first visual acuity chart corresponding to an estimated visual acuity, wherein the first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows, each optotype row including multiple optotypes and a position marker; feeding back multiple initial recognition results of the multiple optotypes corresponding to the initial position marker; determining a first specific optotype row and a second specific optotype row based on the multiple initial recognition results, wherein the first specific optotype row and the second specific optotype row are adjacent, the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row, the recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first specific optotype row are all correct, and the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype row is incorrect; and obtaining a vision testing result based on the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes in the second specific optotype row with correct recognition results.

[0006] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the vision testing method provided in this disclosure, multiple vision results corresponding to multiple optotype rows in the first vision chart change row by row. The first vision chart further includes at least one first optotype row and at least one second optotype row. The vision result corresponding to the first optotype row is better than the vision result corresponding to the optotype row where the initial position identifier is located, and the vision result corresponding to the optotype row where the initial position identifier is located is better than the vision result corresponding to the second optotype row. Based on the multiple initial recognition results, determining the first specific optotype row and the second specific optotype row includes: responding to the multiple initial recognition results being correct, feeding back the first optotype row row by row in the order of increasing vision results. The identification results of multiple visual targets are processed until a first visual target line containing an error is found, and that first visual target line is identified as the second specific visual target. The first specific visual target line is then determined based on the second specific visual target line. Alternatively, in response to j errors in the multiple initial identification results, starting from a second visual target line that is j-1 rows away from the visual target line where the initial position identifier is located, the identification results of multiple visual targets in the second visual target line are fed back line by line in descending order of visual acuity, where j is a positive integer, until a second visual target line in which all identification results are correct is found, and that second visual target line is identified as the first specific visual target line. The second specific visual target line is then determined based on the first specific visual target line.

[0007] For example, in the vision testing method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of optotypes in each optotype row of the first vision chart is n, where n is a positive integer.

[0008] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the vision testing method provided in this disclosure, the vision result corresponding to the first specific optotype row is A, where A represents a number, the number of optotypes in the second specific optotype row that are correctly identified is B, and the vision testing result is A+B×(1 / n).

[0009] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the vision testing method provided in this disclosure, before determining the initial position identifier in the first vision chart corresponding to the estimated vision, the method further includes: being located at a detection position according to a voice prompt, wherein the detection position is configured as the position of the subject when performing the test, and the detection position has a detection distance from the first vision chart.

[0010] For example, in the vision detection method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the detection distance is 4 to 6 meters.

[0011] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the vision detection method provided in this disclosure, determining the initial position identifier in the first vision chart corresponding to the estimated vision includes: triggering a first interaction structure in an operation structure corresponding to the initial position identifier, wherein the operation structure includes a plurality of first interaction structures, and the plurality of first interaction structures correspond one-to-one with a plurality of position identifiers in the first vision chart.

[0012] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the vision detection method provided in this disclosure, the operation structure further includes a second interaction structure that provides feedback on the multiple initial recognition results of the multiple visual targets corresponding to the initial position identifier, including: triggering different parts of the second interaction structure to provide feedback on the recognition results of each visual target.

[0013] For example, in the vision detection method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, multiple positions in the first vision chart are identified as multiple different positive integers; and / or, the second interaction structure is a cross structure.

[0014] For example, the vision testing method provided according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure further includes: viewing the vision testing result in a cloud structure, wherein the operating structure, the display structure, and the cloud structure are communicatively connected to each other, and the first vision chart is located in the display structure.

[0015] For example, in the vision detection method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the arrangement direction of the plurality of optotype rows, the size of the position marker is larger than the size of each optotype in the optotype row where the position marker is located.

[0016] For example, in the vision detection method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of optotypes in the first optotype row and a plurality of optotypes in the second optotype row are respectively displayed as part of a single-row optotype in a single-row display mode. The single-row optotype includes a border and a plurality of optotypes in one of the first optotype row and the second optotype row located in the border.

[0017] For example, in a vision testing method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the single-line optotype does not include the location marker.

[0018] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the vision testing method provided in this disclosure, the frame includes opposing first frame portions and second frame portions, as well as opposing third frame portions and fourth frame portions. The first frame portions and the second frame portions both extend along a first direction, and the third frame portions and the fourth frame portions both extend along a second direction. The first direction is the direction of the optotype rows in the first vision chart, and the second direction is the arrangement direction of the plurality of optotype rows. The first frame portion includes a plurality of first sub-frame portions, which are spaced apart in the first direction and each first sub-frame portion extends along the first direction. The second frame portion includes a plurality of second sub-frame portions, which are spaced apart in the first direction and each second sub-frame portion extends along the first direction. The third frame portion includes at least one third sub-frame portion, which extends along the second direction. The fourth frame portion includes at least one fourth sub-frame portion, which extends along the second direction.

[0019] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the vision testing method provided in this disclosure, in the second direction, the plurality of optotype rows in the first vision chart include a first adjacent optotype row and a second adjacent optotype row that are respectively adjacent to the optotype rows containing the plurality of optotypes in the single row of optotypes, the vision result corresponding to the second adjacent optotype row is better than the vision result corresponding to the first adjacent optotype row, the size of the first sub-border portion in the first direction is the same as the size of each optotype in the first adjacent optotype row, and the size of the first sub-border portion in the second direction is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the size of the first sub-border portion in the first direction; the size of the second sub-border portion in the first direction is the same as the size of each optotype in the second adjacent optotype row, and the size of the second sub-border portion in the second direction is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the size of the second sub-border portion in the first direction; the third sub-border portion and the fourth sub-border portion have a first size in the second direction, the first size being the same as the size of the optotype in the border in the second direction, and the third sub-border portion and the fourth sub-border portion have a second size in the first direction, the second size being 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the first size.

[0020] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the visual acuity testing method provided in this disclosure, in response to the visual acuity testing result being less than a first threshold, a second visual acuity chart is used for visual acuity testing. The method further includes: providing feedback on the sharpness of a first portion of the optotypes and a second portion of the optotypes in each row of the second visual acuity chart, wherein the second visual acuity chart includes multiple rows of optotypes, each row of optotypes includes multiple first portion optotypes and multiple second portion optotypes, the background of the first portion of the optotypes is green, the background of the second portion of the optotypes is red, the multiple optotypes in each row of optotypes are equal in size in a first direction and equal in size in a second direction, the first direction being the direction of the optotype rows in the second visual acuity chart, and the second direction being the arrangement direction of the multiple optotype rows; in response to the sharpness of the first portion of the optotypes being greater than the sharpness of the second portion of the optotypes located in the same row, a risk warning of refractive overcorrection or accommodative lag is obtained; in response to the sharpness of the first portion of the optotypes being less than the sharpness of the second portion of the optotypes located in the same row, a risk warning of refractive undercorrection or accommodative advance is obtained.

[0021] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the visual acuity testing method provided in this disclosure, in response to the visual acuity test result being less than a second threshold, and the second threshold being less than a first threshold, a visual acuity test is performed using a second visual acuity chart followed by a third visual acuity chart. The method further includes: obtaining a corresponding visual acuity test result based on the third visual acuity chart, wherein the multi-line optotypes of the first visual acuity chart are black, the background of the first visual acuity chart is white, the multi-line optotypes of the third visual acuity chart are white, and the background of the third visual acuity chart is black; in response to the visual acuity test result corresponding to the third visual acuity chart being better than the visual acuity test result corresponding to the first visual acuity chart, a risk warning of refractive media opacity is obtained; in response to the visual acuity test result corresponding to the first visual acuity chart being substantially equal to the visual acuity test result corresponding to the third visual acuity chart, a risk warning of refractive error or organic lesion is obtained.

[0022] For example, according to at least one embodiment of the visual acuity testing method provided in this disclosure, in response to the recognition results corresponding to a plurality of optotype rows including both correct and incorrect, the method further includes: performing an astigmatism test based on a fourth visual acuity chart.

[0023] For example, in the vision testing method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the range of vision results corresponding to the multiple rows of optotypes in the vision chart is 3.7 to 5.3, and the visual acuity level of the test subject is positively correlated with the vision testing results.

[0024] For example, in the vision detection method provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the location identifier includes at least one of Chinese characters, numbers, and English letters, and the Chinese characters include at least one font.

[0025] At least one embodiment of this disclosure also provides a vision testing device, including a first interaction structure, a second interaction structure, a control structure, and a cloud structure. The first interaction structure is configured to determine an initial position identifier in a first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity, wherein the first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows, and each optotype row includes multiple optotypes and a position identifier. The second interaction structure is configured to provide feedback on multiple initial recognition results of the multiple optotypes corresponding to the initial position identifier. The control structure is configured to determine a first specific optotype row and a second specific optotype row based on the multiple initial recognition results, wherein the first specific optotype row and the second specific optotype row are adjacent, the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row, the recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first specific optotype row are all correct, and the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype row is incorrect. The cloud structure is configured to obtain a vision testing result based on the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes in the second specific optotype row with correct recognition results.

[0026] For example, a vision testing device provided according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a display structure configured to display at least a portion of the first vision chart, and a control structure configured to control the display structure to display based on feedback from the first interaction structure or the second interaction structure.

[0027] At least one embodiment of this disclosure also provides an electronic device, including: one or more processors and a storage device, the storage device being used to store one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the vision detection method provided in any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0028] At least one embodiment of this disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the vision detection method provided in any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] At least one embodiment of this disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the vision detection method provided in any embodiment of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a vision testing method provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a first vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an example of step S300 shown in Figure 1.

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an operating structure provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-row target provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a second vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a third vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a fourth vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a vision testing device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a storage medium provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that an element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0045] Myopia is generally classified into school myopia and pathological myopia. School myopia accounts for the vast majority of all myopia cases. As the name suggests, it is characterized by its onset in schools, its prevalence in schools, and its continuous progression. Therefore, schools are a key target for myopia prevention and control. Distance vision is closely related to the degree of myopia, and monitoring distance vision regularly is crucial for myopia prevention and control. Accurate, quick, and timely testing of students' distance vision is an effective and economical method for monitoring the occurrence and progression of myopia in students.

[0046] Currently, vision screening for teenagers mainly relies on two methods: "students going to hospitals" and "doctors going to schools." However, both methods require the participation of ophthalmologists, and organizing vision screening activities demands significant human and material resources. Schools lack convenient, accurate, and easily implemented self-assessment methods for vision. While some vision testing processes offer some convenience, they still suffer from issues such as insufficiently rigorous procedures, unscientific optotype design, and excessively close testing distances. Furthermore, it's difficult to ensure the eyes are completely relaxed during testing, thus failing to accurately reflect the examinee's distance vision. Due to a shortage of professional examiners, scarce testing equipment, and the need for improvement in vision testing methods, the frequency of vision testing is low, and the results are unsatisfactory. Therefore, the current state of vision testing urgently needs improvement.

[0047] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a vision testing method, comprising: determining an initial position marker in a first visual acuity chart corresponding to an estimated visual acuity, wherein the first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows, each optotype row including multiple optotypes and a position marker; feeding back multiple initial recognition results of the multiple optotypes corresponding to the initial position marker; determining a first specific optotype row and a second specific optotype row based on the multiple initial recognition results, wherein the first specific optotype row and the second specific optotype row are adjacent, the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row, the recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first specific optotype row are all correct, and the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype row is incorrect; and obtaining a vision testing result based on the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes with correct recognition results in the second specific optotype row.

[0048] The vision detection method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure obtains multiple initial recognition results based on the initial position markers corresponding to the estimated vision of the subject, thereby determining the first specific optotype line and the second specific optotype line, and then obtaining the vision detection result. This vision detection method is simple and easy to implement, and can save a lot of manpower and material resources, and can effectively ensure the timeliness and accuracy of vision monitoring.

[0049] For example, the vision testing method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to schools, highlighting its "intelligent" nature. This means the method can monitor the probability and progression of myopia in students in a timely manner, and can scientifically and rationally perform distance vision testing (e.g., through a computer program), making the vision testing process intelligent. The entire process is controlled by the program, with students responding to the machine during the test without the need for professional testing personnel. The testing process is scientific and reasonable, with no missing or redundant steps, and accurately measures vision. Of course, the vision testing method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to other scenarios, and this is not limited to these applications.

[0050] The vision testing method, apparatus, electronic device, medium, and computing program product provided in the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating a vision testing method provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a partial structural diagram illustrating a first vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] As shown in Figure 1, the vision testing method includes steps S100 to S400.

[0053] Step S100: Determine the initial position marker in the first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity. The first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows, and each optotype row includes multiple optotypes and a position marker.

[0054] Step S200: Feedback the initial recognition results of multiple targets corresponding to the initial position identifier.

[0055] Step S300: Based on multiple initial recognition results, determine a first specific optotype line and a second specific optotype line. The first specific optotype line is adjacent to the second specific optotype line. The visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype line is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype line. The recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first specific optotype line are all correct, and the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype line is incorrect.

[0056] Step S400: Obtain the visual acuity test result based on the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype line and the number of optotypes correctly identified in the second specific optotype line.

[0057] As shown in Figure 2, in step S100, the first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows 10, and each optotype row 10 includes multiple optotypes 101 and a position marker 102. For example, the first visual acuity chart is displayed via a display device, and there is a set distance between the examinee and the first visual acuity chart, such as at least 5 meters. The examinee first independently determines the smallest row of optotypes in the first visual acuity chart that they can clearly see, and the position marker 102 in that optotype row 10 serves as the initial position marker. The visual acuity corresponding to the optotype row 10 where the initial position marker is located is the examinee's estimated visual acuity. For example, the examinee believes that the position marker corresponding to the smallest row of optotypes they can clearly see is 10, but it is not limited to this. For example, the examinee can provide feedback on the initial position marker through a first interactive structure, which can be part of an operating structure (e.g., a handle), so that the control system receives feedback information from the examinee.

[0058] For step S200, for the initial position marker determined in step S100, the subject needs to identify multiple visual targets 101 in the visual target row 10 (e.g., row 10) where the initial position marker is located, and report the initial identification result for each visual target 101. For example, the subject can report the initial identification result to the control system through a second interaction structure. For example, the second interaction structure can be integrated with the first interaction structure in the same operation structure, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first interaction structure and the second interaction structure can be independent operation structures. For a detailed description of the first interaction structure and the second interaction structure, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the following embodiments.

[0059] In step S300, after the subject reports the completion of all initial recognition results, the test continues according to the instructions of the control system. For example, the subject needs to continue recognizing multiple optotypes in other optotype rows 10 according to the instructions of the control system until the adjacent first and second specific optotype rows are determined. For example, the subject can provide feedback on the results through the second interactive structure after recognizing each optotype 101. For example, the first specific optotype row can be row 10, and the second specific optotype row can be row 11. That is, the subject can correctly recognize all optotypes 101 in row 10, and the subject's recognition result for at least one optotype 101 in row 11 is incorrect. For example, when the visual acuity result is expressed numerically, and the larger the value, the better the visual acuity result, the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row being better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row means that the visual acuity value corresponding to the second specific optotype row is greater than the visual acuity value corresponding to the first specific optotype row.

[0060] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this disclosure, the i-th row of view markers refers to the position identifier i in the view marker row, where i is a positive integer.

[0061] For step S400: After determining the first specific optotype line and the second specific optotype line through step S300 above, the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype line can be obtained accordingly. The visual acuity result can represent the visual acuity value of the optotype line, such as 4.8, 4.9, or 5.0. Since the examinee's identification result for at least some optotypes in the second specific optotype line is incorrect, the number of optotypes correctly identified by the examinee in the second specific optotype line can be obtained accordingly, for example, 2, 3, or 4. Finally, the examinee's visual acuity test result can be calculated based on the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype line and the number of correctly identified optotypes in the second specific optotype line. For the calculation method of the visual acuity test result, please refer to the relevant description in the following embodiment.

[0062] The vision detection method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure obtains multiple initial recognition results based on the initial position markers corresponding to the estimated vision of the subject, thereby determining the first specific optotype line and the second specific optotype line, and then obtaining the vision detection result. This vision detection method is simple and easy to implement, and can save a lot of manpower and material resources, and can effectively ensure the timeliness and accuracy of vision monitoring.

[0063] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the direction of each viewpoint row 10 is the first direction X, and the arrangement direction of multiple viewpoint rows 10 is the second direction Y. In the second direction Y, the size of the position marker 102 is larger than the size of each viewpoint 101 in the viewpoint row 10 where the position marker 102 is located.

[0064] This setup allows test subjects to easily identify the location markers corresponding to the smallest line of optotypes they can clearly see based on their estimated visual acuity, thereby reducing unnecessary multiple feedback and confirmation processes and improving the efficiency of visual acuity testing.

[0065] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an example of step S300 shown in Figure 1.

[0066] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the visual acuity results corresponding to multiple optotype rows in the first visual acuity chart change row by row. For example, from row 7 to row 14, the visual acuity results of each optotype row 10 are gradually improved. For example, the visual acuity result corresponding to the optotype in row 8 is better than that corresponding to the optotype in row 7, and the visual acuity result corresponding to the optotype in row 9 is better than that corresponding to the optotype in row 8.

[0067] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the first visual acuity chart also includes at least one first optotype row 111 and at least one second optotype row 112. The visual acuity result corresponding to the first optotype row 111 is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the optotype row where the initial position marker is located, and the visual acuity result corresponding to the optotype row where the initial position marker is located is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the second optotype row. For example, the first visual acuity chart may include multiple first optotype rows 111 and multiple second optotype rows 112. For example, when the examinee's estimated visual acuity corresponds to the 10th row of optotypes, the 11th, 12th, 13th, and 14th rows of optotypes in the first visual acuity chart are all first optotype rows 111, and the 7th, 8th, and 9th rows of optotypes in the first visual acuity chart are all second optotype rows 112.

[0068] For example, as shown in Figure 3, step S300 shown in Figure 1 may include step S301 or step S302.

[0069] Step S301: In response to multiple initial recognition results being correct, the recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first optotype line are fed back line by line in the order of increasing visual acuity results until an error is found in the first optotype line, and the first optotype line is determined as the second specific optotype line, and the first specific optotype line is determined based on the second specific optotype line.

[0070] Step S302: In response to j errors in multiple initial recognition results, starting from the visual target row where the initial position identifier is located, the recognition results of multiple visual targets in the second visual target row are fed back row by row in descending order of visual results, where j is a positive integer, until a second visual target row in which all recognition results are correct is found, and the second visual target row is determined as the first specific visual target row, and the second specific visual target row is determined based on the first specific visual target row.

[0071] For example, as shown in Figure 2, for step S301, taking the initial position marker corresponding to the subject's estimated visual acuity as 10 as an example, when the subject can correctly identify all the optotypes 101 in the 10th row of optotypes, it is necessary to provide feedback on the identification results of multiple optotypes 101 in multiple first optotype rows 111 row by row. For example, it is necessary to first provide feedback on the identification results of multiple optotypes 101 in the 11th row of optotypes. When the subject can correctly identify all the optotypes 101 in the 11th row of optotypes, it is necessary to continue to provide feedback on the identification results of multiple optotypes 101 in the 12th row of optotypes until a row of optotypes 101 is found that the subject cannot identify all of them correctly. For example, when the subject cannot correctly identify all the optotypes 101 in the 12th row of optotypes, that is, the subject's identification result of at least some of the optotypes 101 in the 12th row of optotypes is incorrect, then the 12th row of optotypes is determined as the second specific optotype row. Since the second specific optotype row is adjacent to the first specific optotype row, and the recognition results of multiple optotypes 101 in the first specific optotype row are all correct, and the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row, the first specific optotype row can be determined when the second specific optotype row is determined. For example, in the first visual acuity chart shown in Figure 2, when the second specific optotype row is the 12th row of optotypes, the first specific optotype row is the 11th row of optotypes.

[0072] For example, as shown in Figure 2, for step S302, taking the initial position marker corresponding to the subject's estimated visual acuity as 10 as an example, if the subject fails to correctly identify all the optotypes 101 in the 10th row of optotypes, then starting from the 10th row of optotypes, following the order of decreasing visual acuity results, based on the number of optotypes incorrectly identified by the subject in the 10th row (e.g., j), starting from the row of optotypes j-1 rows away from the 10th row, the identification results of multiple optotypes in each row are fed back line by line. For example, if the subject incorrectly identifies 1 optotype in the 10th row, then start from the 9th row, which is 0 rows away from the 10th row; if the subject incorrectly identifies 2 optotypes in the 10th row, then start from the 8th row, which is 1 row away from the 10th row, and feed back the identification results of each row of optotypes line by line until a row of optotypes 101 is found that the subject can correctly identify all of them. The more optotypes a subject misidentifies, the greater the difference between their estimated and actual visual acuity, indicating that their actual visual acuity may be worse. Therefore, when a subject misidentifies a large number of optotypes, having them report their identification results for multiple optotypes in each row in descending order of visual acuity aligns with the trend of assessing the subject's actual visual acuity and makes it easier for them to find a row of optotypes they can correctly identify.

[0073] For example, as shown in Figure 2, when the test subject can correctly identify all optotypes 101 in the 8th row of optotypes, that is, when the test subject's identification results for all optotypes 101 in the 8th row of optotypes are correct, then the 8th row of optotypes is determined as the first specific optotype row. Since the second specific optotype row is adjacent to the first specific optotype row, at least some of the optotypes 101 in the second specific optotype row are identified incorrectly, and the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row, thus, when the first specific optotype row is determined, the second specific optotype row can be determined accordingly. For example, in the first visual acuity chart shown in Figure 2, when the first specific optotype row is the 8th row of optotypes, then the second specific optotype row is the 9th row of optotypes.

[0074] The process of determining the first and second specific optotype lines using the above method does not require professional guidance. The test subject only needs to provide feedback on the recognition results under the guidance of the control system, thereby enabling interaction with the control system. Therefore, this vision testing process is highly simple and practical, saving human resources for professional testing personnel and achieving the purpose of self-testing. Moreover, this testing method is interesting, for example, it can make the test subject feel like playing a video game, making them willing to take the vision test. At the same time, the test subject's feedback directly interacts with the control system, making the standard of vision judgment objective. This avoids the subjective judgment of the test subject by professional testing personnel and makes the standard for judging vision level uniform.

[0075] For example, as shown in Figure 2, the number of optotypes 101 in each optotype row 10 of the first visual acuity chart is n, where n is a positive integer. That is, each optotype row 10 contains the same number of optotypes 101. For example, the size of the optotypes 101 in different optotype rows 10 is not the same.

[0076] Therefore, in the embodiments of this disclosure, even if the size of the optotypes in different optotype rows is different, the number of optotypes is the same, thereby making each optotype represent the same visual acuity meaning, that is, each optotype has the same visual acuity detection power in the process of determining the visual acuity of the examinee.

[0077] For example, as shown in Figure 2, when the first and second specific optotype rows are determined, the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row can be obtained, represented by the number A. The number of correctly identified optotypes in the second specific optotype row is B. Then, the visual acuity test result of the examinee can be determined as A + B × (1 / n). For example, when the visual acuity result A corresponding to the first specific optotype row is 4.9, the number of correctly identified optotypes B in the second specific optotype row is 2, and each optotype row 10 includes 5 optotypes 101, then the visual acuity test result of the examinee is 4.9 + 2 × (1 / 5), that is, 4.94.

[0078] Visual acuity is typically expressed using fractional notation, decimal notation, Log-Mar notation (also known as logarithmic notation), and a 5-point notation. For example, fractional notation is usually expressed as "X / Y," where X represents the number of lines of optotypes the examinee can see clearly, and Y represents the number of lines of optotypes a person with normal vision can see clearly. For example, "20 / 20" indicates that the examinee's visual acuity is the same as normal vision. Decimal notation typically uses 1.0 as the standard for normal visual acuity. In decimal notation, the closer the visual acuity value is to 1.0, the better the visual acuity. Log-Mar notation is a logarithmic scale-based method of expressing visual acuity, commonly used in research and statistical analysis. In this notation, the smaller the visual acuity value, the better the visual acuity. For example, "0.0" represents perfect visual acuity, and "0.1" represents slightly poor visual acuity. The 5-point notation uses 5.0 as the standard for normal visual acuity. The closer the visual acuity value is to 5.0, the better the visual acuity. Although different methods of expression can be converted using functional equations, the conversion is inconvenient. For example, when scientific research is needed using the visual acuity test results of a subject with 1.0 vision, the visual acuity test results can only be recorded in the form of logarithmic recording or 5-point recording.

[0079] Therefore, the preferred method of recording in 5-point scales in the embodiments of this disclosure can not only accurately express the visual acuity test results to the test subject, in line with the idea that "the higher the score, the better the vision", but is also more suitable for data analysis, so as to compare whether the vision has changed before and after the measurement, and to confirm whether it is necessary to go to the optometry hospital for treatment.

[0080] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an operating structure provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] For example, as shown in Figure 4, the test subject can perform vision testing through a control operation structure. For example, the operation structure may include a voice prompt structure 120, and the operation structure is communicatively connected to the control system. For example, the test subject can receive voice prompts from the voice prompt structure 120 of the operation structure. Before determining the initial position marker corresponding to the test subject's estimated vision, the test subject can be positioned at the testing location according to the voice prompts. For example, the testing location is configured as the test subject's position during testing, and there is a testing distance between the testing location and the first vision chart. Thus, the test subject can be positioned appropriately according to the voice prompts to perform vision testing, thereby reducing reliance on professional testing personnel.

[0082] For example, the detection distance between the detection position and the first visual acuity chart can be 4 to 6 meters, such as 5 meters, or 5 to 6 meters. The embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this distance.

[0083] This setup allows for the testing of the subject's distance vision. For example, the vision testing method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be applied in schools, such as for timely monitoring of the distance vision of adolescent students, thereby enabling timely and effective prevention of myopia.

[0084] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, step S100 may include triggering a first interactive structure in the operation structure corresponding to the initial position identifier. For example, the operation structure includes multiple first interactive structures 130, each corresponding one-to-one with a multiple position identifier 102 in the first visual acuity chart. For example, the operation structure may be a handle. The multiple first interactive structures 130 may be multiple buttons in the operation structure; for example, the multiple position identifiers 102 in the first visual acuity chart are multiple different positive integers, and the first interactive structure 130 has a numerical identifier that is the same as the position identifier 102 in the visual acuity row 10 of the first visual acuity chart. The examinee can select the initial position identifier in the first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity by triggering (e.g., by pressing a button) one of the first interactive structures 130 in the operation structure, making the visual acuity testing process efficient. For example, when determining the initial position identifier, the examinee has only one chance and cannot repeatedly identify the trigger to ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0085] In some embodiments, the position markers in the first visual acuity chart and the first interactive structure in the operation structure may also adopt other representation methods, such as including at least one of Chinese characters, numbers, and English letters. For example, Chinese characters may include at least one font. For example, the position markers in the first visual acuity chart may also adopt different geometric shapes, animal shapes, etc., as long as it is convenient for the examinee to determine the initial position marker corresponding to the estimated visual acuity. The embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this, and the specific selection can be made according to the design needs.

[0086] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, step S200 may include triggering different parts of the second interactive structure to provide feedback on the recognition results of each visual target. For example, the operation structure also includes a second interactive structure 140. The second interactive structure 140 includes parts corresponding to the features of each visual target 101 in the first visual acuity chart, thereby allowing the subject to trigger different parts of the second interactive structure 140 to provide feedback on the recognition results of the visual target 101.

[0087] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the second interactive structure 140 is a cross-shaped structure. The second interactive structure 140 includes a first part 1401, a second part 1402, a third part 1403, and a fourth part 1404. For example, the multiple optotypes 101 in the first visual acuity chart include four types, each optotype 101 being "E"-shaped. According to the different orientations of the multiple optotypes 101, taking the seventh row of optotypes as an example, following the left-to-right order in Figure 2, the first optotype 101 corresponds to the third part 1403, the second optotype 101 corresponds to the second part 1402, the third optotype 101 corresponds to the fourth part 1404, the fourth optotype 101 is in the same orientation as the first optotype 101 and corresponds to the third part 1403, and the fifth optotype 101 corresponds to the first part 1401. The correspondence of each optotype 101 in other rows 10 of the first visual acuity chart is similar to that of the second interactive structure 140, and will not be described again here.

[0088] In some embodiments, the second interaction structure may also take other forms. For example, the second interaction structure may include multiple spaced portions, each spaced portion corresponding to a visual target in the first visual acuity chart. For example, the multiple spaced portions may be located at different positions in the operation structure and may have different shapes, which is not limited in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0089] In some embodiments, the first interaction structure may be set independently of the second interaction structure, and the embodiments disclosed herein do not limit this.

[0090] For example, at least one embodiment of the vision testing method provided in this disclosure may further include: viewing the vision test results on a cloud structure. For example, the operating structure, the display structure, and the cloud structure are communicatively connected to each other, and the first vision chart is located on the display structure. (For example, referring to FIG9, the operating structure 234 is communicatively connected to the display structure 160, the display structure 160 is communicatively connected to the cloud structure 150, and the cloud structure 150 is communicatively connected to the display structure 160; see the description of FIG9 in the following embodiments for details.) For example, after the test is completed, the examinee can view their vision test results through the cloud structure. For example, the cloud structure may include a computer, mobile phone, etc. For example, the examinee can access the viewing interface of a program on a mobile phone or computer by entering their personal account information. That is, only authorized personnel with account permissions can view the examinee's vision test results.

[0091] For example, cloud-based structures can also combine relevant information about the examinee, such as the examinee's height, gender, family situation, and the vision level of relatives, to generate a comprehensive vision analysis report for the examinee. This report can not only display the examinee's objective vision level but also alert the examinee to potential risks and provide corresponding preventive measures.

[0092] In some embodiments, the visual acuity test results of the examinee can be stored and archived in a remote structure. The latest visual acuity test results can be analyzed and compared with previous visual acuity test results, thereby facilitating the development of personalized myopia prevention and control measures for the examinee. For example, big data analysis can be used to create a relationship table similar to Egger's Chart, showing the relationship between uncorrected visual acuity and myopia degree. Visual acuity test results can also be transmitted and monitored remotely.

[0093] For example, since the speed of recognition should also be a factor in assessing visual acuity, the shorter the time required, the faster the visual acuity recognition. Therefore, the aforementioned visual acuity analysis report can also reflect the subject's response time to the optotype line (e.g., the first specific optotype line) to demonstrate the subject's reaction speed. For example, this can be compared with the average reaction speed (e.g., the average reaction speed can be preset in the cloud structure) to illustrate the subject's reaction ability, and thus also reflect the subject's visual acuity level.

[0094] This method effectively protects the privacy of the examinee, ensuring that the individual's vision test results are both private and comprehensive.

[0095] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-row target provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0096] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, in steps S301 and S302, during the process of determining the first specific target row and the second specific target row, the plurality of targets 101 in the first target row 111 and the plurality of targets 101 in the second target row 112 are respectively displayed as part of a single-line target 010 in single-line display mode. For example, the single-line target 010 includes a border 0101 and a plurality of targets 101 located in one of the first target row 111 and the second target row 112 within the border 0101.

[0097] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, when it is necessary to display the first optotype line 111 or the second optotype line 112 to the examinee, it is displayed in a single-line manner. For example, when it is necessary to display the 11th row of optotypes to the examinee, the displayed single-line optotype 010 includes multiple optotypes 101 in the 11th row of optotypes and a border 0101.

[0098] In the single-line display mode, since the single-line time marker has a border, the border can be used as a crowding element. That is, the vision detection method provided by the embodiments of this disclosure takes into account the impact of crowding on the vision of the test subject, so as to improve the accuracy of vision detection.

[0099] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the single-line optotype 010 does not include the position marker 102. This setting makes it unclear to the test subject which line of the first visual acuity chart the currently displayed optotype is located in, thereby reducing the test subject's psychological pressure and helping to ensure the authenticity and privacy of the visual acuity test.

[0100] For example, as shown in Figure 5, the border 0101 includes opposing first border portions 0111 and second border portions 0112, as well as opposing third border portions 0113 and fourth border portions 0114. Both the first border portions 0111 and 0112 extend along a first direction X, while the third border portions 0113 and 0114 extend along a second direction Y. The first border portion 0111 includes a plurality of first sub-border portions 0001, which are spaced apart in the first direction X, and each first sub-border portion 0001 extends along the first direction X. The second border portion 0112 includes a plurality of second sub-border portions 0002, which are spaced apart in the first direction X, and each second sub-border portion 0002 extends along the first direction X. The third border portion 0113 includes at least one third sub-border portion 0003, and the fourth border portion 0114 includes at least one fourth sub-border portion 0003. Both the third sub-border portion 0003 and the fourth sub-border portion 0003 extend along the second direction Y.

[0101] For example, as shown in Figure 5, the first border portion 0111, the second border portion 0112, the third border portion 0113, and the fourth border portion 0114 together form border 0101. For example, border 0101 is rectangular, but not limited to this.

[0102] For example, as shown in Figure 5, in the second direction Y, the multiple optotype rows 10 in the first visual acuity chart include a first adjacent optotype row and a second adjacent optotype row, which are respectively adjacent to the optotype rows 10 containing the multiple optotypes 101 in the single-row optotype 010. The visual acuity result corresponding to the second adjacent optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first adjacent optotype row. For example, when the single-row optotype 010 displays the 10th row of optotypes in the first visual acuity chart, the first adjacent optotype row is the 9th row of optotypes, and the second adjacent optotype row is the 11th row of optotypes.

[0103] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the size of the first sub-border portion 0001 in the first direction X is the same as the size of each viewpoint 101 in the first adjacent viewpoint row, and the size of the first sub-border portion 0001 in the second direction Y is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4, such as 1 / 5, of the size of the first sub-border portion 0001 in the first direction X. The number of the plurality of first sub-border portions 0001 in the first border portion 0111 is equal to the number of the plurality of viewpoints 101 in the viewpoint row 10. For example, the plurality of first sub-border portions 0001 have a first relative positional relationship with the plurality of viewpoints 101 located in the border 0101, and the plurality of viewpoints 101 in the first adjacent viewpoint row have a second relative positional relationship with the plurality of viewpoints 101 located in the border 0101, and the first relative positional relationship and the second relative positional relationship are the same.

[0104] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the size of the second sub-border portion 0002 in the first direction X is the same as the size of each viewpoint 101 in the second adjacent viewpoint row, and the size of the second sub-border portion 0002 in the second direction Y is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4, such as 1 / 5, of the size of the second sub-border portion 0002 in the first direction X. For example, the plurality of second border portions 0112 have a third relative positional relationship with the plurality of viewpoints 101 located in the border 0101, and the plurality of viewpoints 101 in the second adjacent viewpoint row have a fourth relative positional relationship with the plurality of viewpoints 101 located in the border 0101, and the third relative positional relationship is the same as the fourth relative positional relationship.

[0105] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the third sub-border portion 0003 and the fourth sub-border portion 0004 have a first dimension in the second direction Y, which is the same as the dimension of the target 101 in the border 0101 in the second direction Y. The third sub-border portion 0003 and the fourth sub-border portion 0004 have a second dimension in the first direction X, which is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the first dimension, such as 1 / 5, etc.

[0106] This setting allows the positional matching between the displayed row of optotypes and the border to closely approximate the positional matching between the optotypes in the same row and the adjacent rows in the first visual acuity chart when displaying a single row. This helps to make the "crowding effect" when displaying a single row more consistent with the "crowding effect" when displaying using the first visual acuity chart, thereby enhancing the accuracy of vision testing.

[0107] It should be noted that the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit the form of the first visual acuity chart. In some embodiments, multiple sets of visual acuity charts can be displayed for visual acuity testing, thereby effectively preventing the test subject from memorizing the visual acuity charts and ensuring the accuracy of the visual acuity test.

[0108] For example, when measuring one eye of a subject using the above testing method, the same testing process can be used for the other eye, without repeating the details.

[0109] For example, to make the vision testing process more comprehensive, other vision measurements can be added to the test subjects.

[0110] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a second vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0111] For example, if the visual acuity test result obtained by the subject after the above-described visual acuity test process is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the visual acuity test for the subject can be terminated. For example, the first threshold may be not less than 5.0, but is not limited thereto, and the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit it in this regard.

[0112] For example, if the visual acuity test result obtained by the examinee after the above visual acuity test is less than the first threshold, it indicates that the examinee's visual acuity is substandard. Therefore, a second visual acuity chart is needed for further visual acuity testing. The visual acuity testing method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure may further include: providing feedback on the clarity of the first and second parts of the optotypes in each row of the second visual acuity chart.

[0113] For example, as shown in Figure 6, the second visual acuity chart includes multiple rows of optotypes. Each row of optotypes includes multiple first-part optotypes 310 and multiple second-part optotypes 320. The background of the first-part optotypes 310 is green, and the background of the second-part optotypes 320 is red. For example, the multiple optotypes 101 in each row are equal in size in the first direction X and equal in size in the second direction Y. For example, in the same optotype row, the first-part optotypes 310 and the second-part optotypes 320 may include the same number of optotypes 101.

[0114] For example, as shown in Figure 6, for the same optotype line, if the subject perceives the first optotype 310 as more sharp than the second optotype 320, a risk warning of overcorrection or accommodative lag can be obtained. For instance, overcorrection means the prescription of glasses or contact lenses may be too high, or that the eye has a high degree of hyperopia without correction. Accommodative lag means the eye's accommodative function may be insufficient, leading to inadequate accommodation when viewing near objects. For example, if the subject perceives the first optotype 310 or the second optotype 320 in the same line as more blurred (e.g., with double vision), then the corresponding optotype is perceived as having lower sharpness.

[0115] For example, as shown in Figure 6, for the same optotype line, if the examinee perceives the sharpness of the first optotype 310 as less than that of the second optotype 320, a risk warning of undercorrection or accommodative advance can be obtained. For example, undercorrection means that the prescription of the glasses or contact lenses is insufficient, or that the eye has a high degree of myopia without correction. Accommodative advance means that the eye's accommodative function may be too strong, leading to excessive accommodation when viewing near objects.

[0116] In some embodiments, if the subject believes that the first part of the optotype 310 and the second part of the optotype 320 have the same clarity, the subject may have poor vision due to organic lesions.

[0117] By adding red-green visual acuity tests to subjects whose visual acuity test results are below the first threshold, a more comprehensive understanding of the subjects' visual status can be obtained.

[0118] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a third vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0119] For example, if the visual acuity test result obtained by the examinee after the above visual acuity test is less than the second threshold, then a second visual acuity chart is used for visual acuity testing, followed by a third visual acuity chart. The visual acuity testing method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure may further include: obtaining the corresponding visual acuity test result based on the third visual acuity chart. For example, the second threshold is less than the first threshold; the first threshold may be, for example, 5.0, and the second threshold may be, for example, 4.9, but is not limited thereto.

[0120] For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 7, the multiple rows of optotypes on the first visual acuity chart are black, and the background of the first visual acuity chart is white. The multiple rows of optotypes on the third visual acuity chart are white, and the background of the third visual acuity chart is black. For example, the difference between the third visual acuity chart and the first visual acuity chart is the background color and the optotype color; all other features are the same.

[0121] For example, as shown in Figure 7, the examinee can use a third visual acuity chart to perform the visual acuity test process described in the above embodiments. If the visual acuity test result obtained by the examinee using the third visual acuity chart is better than the visual acuity test result obtained using the first visual acuity chart, a risk warning of refractive media (such as cornea, lens, etc.) opacity can be obtained. For example, opacity of the refractive media can affect the normal transmission of light, leading to decreased vision. For example, if the visual acuity test result obtained by the examinee using the third visual acuity chart is basically equal to the visual acuity test result obtained using the first visual acuity chart, a risk warning of refractive error or organic lesion can be obtained.

[0122] By using black-and-white inversion optotypes to further assess the visual acuity of subjects whose visual acuity test results are below the second threshold, a more comprehensive judgment can be made on the subject's visual problems based on the changes in visual acuity.

[0123] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a fourth vision chart provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0124] For example, as shown in Figure 2, when a subject uses a first visual acuity chart for visual acuity testing, for example, in the process of determining the first specific optotype line and the second specific optotype line, if it is found that the subject's recognition results for multiple optotype lines include both correct and incorrect ones, the visual acuity testing method provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may further include: performing astigmatism testing based on a fourth visual acuity chart.

[0125] For example, as shown in Figure 2, when the subject is unable to correctly identify all the targets 101 in the target row where the initial position marker is located, and when searching for a row of targets 101 that can be correctly identified from multiple second target rows 112, the subject has both correctly identified targets and incorrectly identified targets in the process of identifying multiple target rows, then the subject needs to undergo astigmatism testing.

[0126] For example, as shown in Figure 8, when conducting visual acuity tests using the fourth visual acuity chart, it is possible to detect whether the examinee has a directional preference. For example, the fourth visual acuity chart can be an astigmatic disc. For example, if the examinee perceives lines extending along the first direction X as clearer, the examinee may squint or have counter-axial astigmatism. For example, if the examinee perceives lines extending along the second direction Y as clearer, the examinee may have along-axial astigmatism.

[0127] By using an astigmatism disc to test the astigmatism of the examinee, the examinee's vision can be assessed more comprehensively from the perspective of whether or not astigmatism is present.

[0128] For example, if a subject's vision test results are unsatisfactory after completing the above vision tests, they may be advised to have an examination by an optometrist to determine the cause.

[0129] For example, Figure 2 could show a portion of a first visual acuity chart. For instance, the visual acuity results corresponding to multiple optotype rows in the first visual acuity chart could range from 3.7 to 5.3, and the examinee's visual acuity level would be positively correlated with the visual acuity test results. This setup allows the first visual acuity chart to have a wider visual acuity testing range; for example, it could include ranges from low vision to super-vision, making it suitable for a larger population of examinees.

[0130] Typically, for some eye charts, the 5.0 line optotype usually represents normal visual acuity and is an important reference point in visual acuity testing. Regarding the relationship between the examinee's line of sight and the optotypes on the eye chart, it is generally required that the examinee's line of sight be at the same height as a specific line on the eye chart (such as the 5.0 line). This is to ensure that the examinee's ability to identify optotypes of different sizes can be accurately observed. If the examinee's line of sight is not at the same height, it may affect the judgment of visual acuity.

[0131] In the vision testing method provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure, since the above-mentioned single-line display mode is adopted, it is easy to keep the subject's line of sight at the same height as each optotype in the single-line optotype, thereby facilitating the accurate observation of the subject's ability to recognize optotypes of different sizes.

[0132] For example, as shown in Figure 2, in the Y direction, the height P1 of the k-th viewpoint row, the distance P2 between the k-th viewpoint row and the (k+1)-th viewpoint row, and the height P3 of the (k+1)-th viewpoint row exhibit a geometric progression, where k is a positive integer. For example, P2 = P1 / W1, P3 = P1 / W2. The aforementioned geometric progression means that the values ​​of P1 and P2 are geometrically distributed, and the values ​​of P1 and P3 are also geometrically distributed. For example, the distance P2 = P1 / 10. 1 / 20 (Approximately P1 / 1.122), distance P3 = P1 / 10 1 / 10 (approximately P1 / 1.2589), which allows the size of multiple targets and their distances in the Y direction to be regularly distributed.

[0133] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a vision testing device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0134] As shown in Figure 9, the vision testing device includes a first interactive structure 130, a second interactive structure 140, a control structure 170, and a cloud structure 150.

[0135] As shown in Figure 9, the first interaction structure 130 is configured to determine the initial position identifier in the first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity. The first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows, and each optotype row includes multiple optotypes and a position identifier. The specific implementation of the first interaction structure 130 can be referred to the relevant description of step S100, and will not be repeated here.

[0136] As shown in Figure 9, the second interaction structure 140 is configured to provide feedback on multiple initial recognition results of multiple targets corresponding to the initial position identifier. The specific implementation method can be referred to the relevant description of step S200, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] As shown in Figure 9, the control structure 170 is configured to determine a first specific optotype row and a second specific optotype row based on multiple initial recognition results. The first specific optotype row and the second specific optotype row are adjacent. The visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row. The recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first specific optotype row are all correct, while the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype row is incorrect. The specific implementation of the control structure 170 can be found in the relevant description of step S300, and will not be repeated here.

[0138] As shown in Figure 9, the cloud structure 150 is configured to obtain the vision test result based on the vision result corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes whose recognition results are correct in the second specific optotype row.

[0139] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the vision detection device may include more or fewer circuits or units, and the connection relationship between the various circuits or units is not limited and can be determined according to actual needs. The specific configuration of each circuit is not limited; it can be constructed from analog devices, digital chips, or other suitable methods according to circuit principles.

[0140] For example, as shown in Figure 9, the vision testing device may include a display structure 160, which displays information under the control of a control structure 170. The vision testing device may include an operation structure 234 and a voice prompt structure 120. The voice prompt structure 120, the first interaction structure 130, and the second interaction structure 140 are all integrated into the operation structure 234. The subject can position themselves at the testing location according to the prompts from the voice prompt structure 120 to perform the test.

[0141] For example, as shown in Figure 9, the display structure 160 is configured to display at least a portion of a first visual acuity chart (see Figure 2), and the control structure 170 is configured to control the display structure 160 to perform the display based on feedback from the first interaction structure 130 or the second interaction structure 140. For example, the display structure 160 can display multiple visual acuity charts, which can prevent the subject from memorizing them at different testing times or for a specific subject, thus avoiding affecting the accuracy of the visual acuity test.

[0142] For some autonomous vision testing devices, the test subject needs to be inside the closed instrument during the test. The optotype is imaged in the distance through a positive lens. The test subject may have instrument myopia, making it difficult to measure true "distance" vision.

[0143] The vision testing device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be installed in open spaces, with a detection distance (i.e., the distance between the detection distance and the display structure) of 5 meters to meet the requirements for distance vision testing. For example, the environment suitable for this vision testing device may include a school campus, and the testing method is simple and easy to implement, thus making it easily accepted by students.

[0144] The vision testing device provided in this disclosure can execute the vision testing method provided in any embodiment of this disclosure, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method.

[0145] Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, as shown in Figure 10, the electronic device 500 includes a processor 510, a storage device 520, and one or more computer program modules 530.

[0146] For example, processor 510 and storage device 520 are connected via bus system 540. For example, one or more computer program modules 530 are stored in storage device 520. For example, one or more computer program modules 530 include instructions for performing the vision detection method provided in any embodiment of this disclosure. For example, the instructions in one or more computer program modules 530 can be executed by processor 510. For example, bus system 540 can be a commonly used serial or parallel communication bus, etc., and the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0147] For example, the processor 510 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or other processing unit with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities. It may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor and may control other components in the electronic device 500 to perform desired functions. For example, in embodiments of this disclosure, a graphics processing unit (GPU) is used as an example.

[0148] For example, storage device 520 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which the processor 510 may execute to implement the functions (implemented by the processor 510) in this embodiment of the disclosure and / or other desired functions, such as a vision detection method. Various applications and various data, such as various data used and / or generated by the applications, may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0149] It should be noted that, for clarity and brevity, this disclosure does not show all the constituent units of the electronic device 500. To achieve the necessary functions of the electronic device 500, those skilled in the art can provide and set other constituent units (not shown) according to specific needs, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0150] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0151] The vision detection method or apparatus according to embodiments of this disclosure can also be implemented using the architecture of the exemplary electronic device shown in FIG10. As shown in FIG11, the electronic device 600 may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) or graphics processing units (GPUs) 601, read-only memory (ROM) 602, random access memory (RAM) 603, bus 604, I / O interface 605, communication device 609 connected to a network, input device 606, output device 607, storage device 608, etc. The storage device in the electronic device, such as ROM 602 or storage device 608, may store various data or files required for processing and / or communication of the methods provided in this disclosure, as well as program instructions executed by the CPU or GPU. Of course, the architecture shown in FIG11 is only exemplary, and one or more components in the electronic device shown in FIG11 may be omitted as needed when implementing different devices.

[0152] At least one embodiment of this disclosure also provides a storage medium. FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a storage medium provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. For example, as shown in FIG12, the storage medium 700 non-transitoryly stores computer-readable instructions 701, which, when executed by a computer (including a processor), can perform the vision detection method provided in any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0153] For example, the storage medium can be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media. For instance, one computer-readable storage medium contains computer-readable program code that determines an initial position identifier in a first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity; another computer-readable storage medium contains computer-readable program code that feeds back multiple initial recognition results of multiple optotypes corresponding to the initial position identifier; yet another computer-readable storage medium contains computer-readable program code that determines a first specific optotype row and a second specific optotype row based on the multiple initial recognition results; and yet another computer-readable storage medium contains computer-readable program code that obtains a visual acuity test result based on the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes in the second specific optotype row whose recognition results are correct. For example, when this program code is read by a computer, the computer can execute the program code stored in the computer storage medium to perform, for example, the visual acuity test method provided in any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0154] For example, the storage medium may include a memory card for a smartphone, a storage component for a tablet computer, a hard disk for a personal computer, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), flash memory, or any combination of the above storage media, or other suitable storage media.

[0155] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the vision detection method provided in the above embodiments.

[0156] The following points need to be explained:

[0157] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this disclosure only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of this disclosure, and other structures can be referred to the general design.

[0158] (2) Where there is no conflict, features of the same embodiment and different embodiments of this disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0159] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vision testing method, comprising: Determine the initial position identifier in the first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity, wherein the first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows, and each optotype row includes multiple optotypes and a position identifier; Feedback on multiple initial recognition results for multiple viewpoints corresponding to the initial location identifier; Based on the multiple initial recognition results, a first specific optotype line and a second specific optotype line are determined, wherein the first specific optotype line is adjacent to the second specific optotype line, the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype line is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype line, the recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first specific optotype line are all correct, and the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype line is incorrect; and The visual acuity test result is obtained based on the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes in the second specific optotype row that are correctly identified.

2. The vision testing method according to claim 1, wherein, The visual acuity results corresponding to multiple optotype rows in the first visual acuity chart change sequentially row by row. The first visual acuity chart also includes at least one first optotype row and at least one second optotype row. The visual acuity result corresponding to the first optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the optotype row where the initial position indicator is located, and the visual acuity result corresponding to the optotype row where the initial position indicator is located is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the second optotype row. Based on the multiple initial recognition results, the first specific target line and the second specific target line are determined, including: In response to the multiple initial recognition results being correct, the recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first optotype row are fed back line by line in ascending order of visual acuity results until an optotype row containing an error is found. This first optotype row is then identified as the second specific optotype row, and the first specific optotype row is determined based on the second specific optotype row; or In response to j errors in the plurality of initial recognition results, starting from the second optotype line which is j-1 rows away from the optotype line where the initial position identifier is located, the recognition results of the multiple optotypes in the second optotype line are fed back line by line in descending order of visual acuity results, where j is a positive integer, until a second optotype line in which all recognition results are correct is found, and this second optotype line is determined as the first specific optotype line, and the second specific optotype line is determined based on the first specific optotype line.

3. The visual acuity testing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, In the first visual acuity chart, the number of the plurality of optotypes in each optotype row is n, where n is a positive integer.

4. The vision testing method according to claim 3, wherein, The visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype row is A, where A represents a number. The number of optotypes correctly identified in the second specific optotype row is B. The visual acuity test result is A + B × (1 / n).

5. The vision testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein before determining the initial position marker in the first vision chart corresponding to the estimated vision, the method further comprises: According to the voice prompt, the subject is located at the detection position, which is configured as the position when the subject is tested, and there is a detection distance between the detection position and the first visual acuity chart.

6. The vision testing method according to claim 5, wherein, The detection distance is 4 to 6 meters.

7. The visual acuity testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Determining the initial position identifier in the first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity includes: The operation structure triggers a first interaction structure corresponding to the initial position identifier, wherein the operation structure includes multiple first interaction structures, and the multiple first interaction structures correspond one-to-one with multiple position identifiers in the first visual acuity chart.

8. The vision testing method according to claim 7, wherein, The operation structure further includes a second interaction structure, which provides feedback on the multiple initial recognition results of the multiple targets corresponding to the initial position identifier, including: Different parts of the second interactive structure are triggered to provide feedback on the recognition results of each of the targets.

9. The vision testing method according to claim 8, wherein, The multiple locations in the first visual acuity chart are identified by multiple different positive integers; and / or, the second interaction structure is a cross structure.

10. The vision testing method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising: The vision test results are viewed in a cloud-based structure, wherein the operation structure, the display structure, and the cloud structure are connected in pairs, and the first vision chart is located in the display structure.

11. The vision testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, in the arrangement direction of the plurality of optotype rows, the size of the position marker is larger than the size of each optotype in the optotype row in which the position marker is located.

12. The vision testing method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein, In single-line display mode, multiple icons in the first icon row and multiple icons in the second icon row are each displayed as part of a single-line icon. The single-row viewpoint includes a border and a plurality of viewpoints located in one of the first viewpoint rows and the second viewpoint rows within the border.

13. The vision testing method according to claim 12, wherein, The single-line viewpoint does not include the location identifier.

14. The vision testing method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein, The border includes opposing first and second border portions, as well as opposing third and fourth border portions. The first and second border portions extend along a first direction, while the third and fourth border portions extend along a second direction. The first direction is the direction of the optotype rows in the first visual acuity chart, and the second direction is the arrangement direction of the plurality of optotype rows. The first border portion includes a plurality of first sub-border portions, which are spaced apart in the first direction, and each first sub-border portion extends along the first direction. The second border portion includes a plurality of second sub-border portions, which are spaced apart in the first direction, and each second sub-border portion extends along the first direction. The third border portion includes at least one third sub-border portion, which extends along the second direction. The fourth border portion includes at least one fourth sub-border portion, which extends along the second direction.

15. The vision testing method according to claim 14, wherein, In the second direction, the plurality of optotype rows in the first visual acuity chart includes a first adjacent optotype row and a second adjacent optotype row that are respectively adjacent to the optotype rows containing the plurality of optotypes in the single row of optotypes, wherein the visual acuity result corresponding to the second adjacent optotype row is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first adjacent optotype row. The size of the first sub-border portion in the first direction is the same as the size of each viewpoint in the first adjacent viewpoint row, and the size of the first sub-border portion in the second direction is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the size of the first sub-border portion in the first direction. The size of the second sub-border portion in the first direction is the same as the size of each target in the second adjacent target row, and the size of the second sub-border portion in the second direction is 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the size of the second sub-border portion in the first direction; The third sub-border portion and the fourth sub-border portion have a first size in the second direction, the first size being the same as the size of the target in the border in the second direction, and the third sub-border portion and the fourth sub-border portion have a second size in the first direction, the second size being 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the first size.

16. The visual acuity testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, In response to the visual acuity test result being less than a first threshold, a second visual acuity chart is used for visual acuity testing, and the method further includes: The system provides feedback on the clarity of the first and second parts of the optotypes in each row of the second visual acuity chart. The second visual acuity chart includes multiple rows of optotypes, and each row of optotypes includes multiple first-part optotypes and multiple second-part optotypes. The background of the first-part optotypes is green, and the background of the second-part optotypes is red. The multiple optotypes in each row are equal in size in a first direction and equal in size in a second direction. The first direction is the direction of the optotype rows in the second visual acuity chart, and the second direction is the arrangement direction of the multiple optotype rows. In response to the fact that the sharpness of the first part of the visual target is greater than that of the second part of the visual target located in the same row, a risk warning of overcorrection or accommodative lag is obtained; In response to the fact that the sharpness of the first part of the visual target is less than that of the second part of the visual target located in the same row, a risk warning of undercorrection or accommodation advance is obtained.

17. The vision testing method according to claim 16, wherein, In response to the visual acuity test result being less than a second threshold, and the second threshold being less than the first threshold, the method further includes performing a visual acuity test using a second visual acuity chart followed by a third visual acuity chart, and the method further includes: Based on the third visual acuity chart, the corresponding visual acuity test results are obtained, wherein the multi-line optotypes of the first visual acuity chart are black and the background of the first visual acuity chart is white, the multi-line optotypes of the third visual acuity chart are white and the background of the third visual acuity chart is black; In response to the visual acuity test result corresponding to the third visual acuity chart being better than the visual acuity test result corresponding to the first visual acuity chart, a risk warning of refractive medium turbidity is obtained; In response to the visual acuity test result corresponding to the first visual acuity chart being substantially equal to the visual acuity test result corresponding to the third visual acuity chart, a risk warning for refractive error or organic lesion is obtained.

18. The visual acuity testing method according to any one of claims 2, 12 to 15, wherein, In response to the fact that the recognition results corresponding to multiple rows of the target all include correct and incorrect results, the method further includes: Astigmatism testing was conducted using the fourth visual acuity chart.

19. The visual acuity testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein, The range of visual acuity results corresponding to the multiple rows of optotypes in the visual acuity chart is as follows: The visual acuity score is 3.7 to 5.3, and the visual acuity level of the examinee is positively correlated with the visual acuity test results.

20. The visual acuity testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein, The location identifier includes at least one of Chinese characters, numbers, and English letters, and the Chinese characters include at least one font.

21. A vision testing device, comprising: The first interaction structure is configured to determine the initial position identifier in the first visual acuity chart corresponding to the estimated visual acuity, wherein the first visual acuity chart includes multiple optotype rows, and each optotype row includes multiple optotypes and a position identifier; The second interaction structure is configured to provide feedback on multiple initial recognition results of multiple targets corresponding to the initial position identifier; A control structure is configured to determine a first specific optotype line and a second specific optotype line based on the plurality of initial recognition results, wherein the first specific optotype line is adjacent to the second specific optotype line, the visual acuity result corresponding to the second specific optotype line is better than the visual acuity result corresponding to the first specific optotype line, the recognition results of multiple optotypes in the first specific optotype line are all correct, and the recognition result of at least one optotype in the second specific optotype line is incorrect; and The cloud-based structure is configured to obtain vision test results based on the vision results corresponding to the first specific optotype row and the number of optotypes in the second specific optotype row that are correctly identified.

22. The vision testing device of claim 21, further comprising a display structure configured to display at least a portion of the first vision chart. The control structure is configured to control the display structure to display based on the feedback result of the first interaction structure or the second interaction structure.

23. An electronic device, comprising: One or more processors; Storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-20.

24. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-20.

25. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1-20.