Nanolubricant for metal processing

Abstract

The present invention relates to a semi-synthetic nano-soluble compound designed to improve the bioresistance and effectiveness of lubricants in metal processing. This compound incorporates nanoadditives that optimise properties such as thermal conductivity and wear resistance, resulting in more effective lubrication and extending the useful life of the tools. The compound is formulated with several key components, including a base oil, viscosity modifiers, dispersing agents, anti-wear agents, heat stabilisers, emulsifiers and biocides in specific proportions. Unlike conventional formulations, this invention is characterised in that it avoids the use of harmful additives such as chlorates, sulphates and phosphates. The synergy between the nanoadditives and the other ingredients significantly reduces friction, thereby optimising working conditions in biologically contaminated environments. In addition, the resulting emulsion is stable, thus maintaining its effectiveness over time and improving the performance of cutting tools in industrial processes.

Description

[0001] NANOLUBRICANT FOR METAL PROCESSING

[0002] Field of Invention

[0003] The present invention falls within the field of semi-synthetic soluble nanolubricants, designed to optimize lubrication and cooling in industrial applications. Specifically, this invention relates to a nanosoluble compound distinguished by its unique formulation, which integrates mineral oil, amides and fatty alcohols, synthetic complex esters, water, a biocide, an antifoaming agent, and an innovative nanoadditive based on copper-decorated graphene flakes.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem that motivated this invention lies in the need for a lubricant that can offer high efficiency in reducing friction and heat on contacting surfaces, especially during the plastic deformation of metals when they are cut, while minimizing wear on the materials involved. Furthermore, there is a demand for a compound that can improve the thermal conductivity of the fluid used, ensuring adequate cooling in industrial processes such as metal cutting.

[0006] On the other hand, traditional lubricants often include additives based on chlorates, phosphates, and sulfates, which present environmental and bioresistance problems in emulsions with water, particularly in environments where the fluid is recirculated and exposed to biological contamination.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need to develop a nanolubricant that offers a more efficient and sustainable solution, capable of maintaining its lubricity and biostability in the long term, even under demanding working conditions.

[0008] Within the prior art, there is technology developed as an attempt to offer a solution to previously identified problems, such as US patent 10,266,784 B2, published on April 23, 2019, which describes a lubricating oil designed for automotive and industrial applications that incorporates graphene nanoparticles decorated with ceramic, metallic, or polymeric materials. This lubricating oil can be composed of a variety of base oils, such as mineral or synthetic oils, and the decorative nanoparticles vary in concentration between 0.5% and 3.0% by weight. The oil's properties aim to reduce the coefficient of friction, as well as improve thermal conductivity and increase stability under various conditions. The production method involves exfoliation and dispersion of the graphene.This oil is used in internal combustion engines and industrial systems, where improvements are sought in friction reduction, thermal conductivity, and lubricant durability. Additionally, US patent 8,222,190 B2, published on July 17, 2012, describes a graphene-modified lubricant composed of a lubricating fluid and graphene nanoplatelets dispersed within it. The graphene nanoplatelets can represent from 0.001% to 60% by weight of the total fluid. These nanoplatelets improve thermal conductivity, friction reduction, anti-wear performance, and viscosity stability of the lubricant. The graphene nanoplatelets can be single-layered or multi-layered.

[0009] Similarly, Mexican patent application MX 2013010521 A, published on July 17, 2012, was found to focus on methods for the synthesis of graphene, its derivatives and nanoparticles, as well as their use as lubricating additives. These products supposedly have diverse applications, including molecular coatings, composite reinforcement, thermal shielding, ballistic transistors, integrated circuits, reinforced cables and fibers, and nanopolishing agents. Among its characteristics are graphene, a two-dimensional carbon structure with sp2 hybridized atoms, and its derivatives, which include graphene oxide, reduced graphene, and other polycyclic aromatic compounds.Furthermore, it includes nanoparticles such as diamond nanocrystals, which have a nanodiamond core with a fullerenic carbon shell, and surface graphitized abrasive nanoparticles (SGANs), which are non-carbon heteroatoms encased in a carbon outer coating. This invention aims to reduce friction in mechanical systems through additives that improve lubrication and decrease wear.

[0010] In light of all the above, it is considered that there is a latent need to provide a semi-synthetic nanosoluble compound designed as a nanolubricant that additionally does not include additives based on chlorates, phosphates or sulfates, but rather comprises graphene flakes decorated only with copper.

[0011] The generation of a semi-synthetic nanosoluble compound like this is essential to enable the current industry to optimize its lubrication processes, providing advanced solutions that not only reduce friction and wear on contact surfaces, but also improve the efficiency of material cooling during cutting and at the same time have a long lifespan due to their bioresistance.

[0012] Summary of the Invention

[0013] Therefore, the main objective of the present invention is the generation of a nanosoluble compound as described, which consists of developing a nanolubricant that offers efficient and stable lubrication, capable of significantly reducing friction and wear on contacting metal surfaces, while improving thermal conductivity for effective cooling of materials during industrial processes. This compound aims to maintain its functionality under demanding conditions, providing excellent bioresistance and stability in water-based emulsions, thus extending the service life of cutting tools and significantly improving their performance in industrial applications.

[0014] In particular, the present invention focuses on increasing the lubricant's resistance to biological contamination in recirculating emulsion systems, ensuring greater stability and longevity of the lubricant in industrial environments, resulting in more efficient maintenance and greater consistency in its performance.

[0015] Another objective is to replace conventional additives based on chlorates, phosphates, and sulfates with innovative nanoparticles, such as copper-decorated graphene flakes, to deliver superior performance without the environmental and health risks associated with traditional additives.

[0016] This invention offers a significant improvement over traditional lubricants. This new approach eliminates the need for conventional additives based on chlorates, phosphates, and sulfates, replacing them with highly effective nanoparticles, such as copper-decorated graphene flakes. Furthermore, it provides greater bioresistance, thus considerably extending its service life compared to traditional lubricants.

[0017] Brief

[0018]

[0019] of the

[0020]

[0021] Figure 1 is a photograph of the McFarland test or standard performed on the TM50 to TM60 tests.

[0022] Figure 2 is a representative photograph of the bioresistance assessment using the plate method, (+) positive control; (BE) serial dilutions of 1:10,000-1:10,000,000) Figure 3 shows the test results using the McFarland standard.

[0023] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0024] Some aspects of the present invention will now be described in more detail, also using reference to the accompanying drawings which show some embodiments and advantages of the present invention.

[0025] It will be evident to a person skilled in the art that various embodiments of the invention can be expressed in different ways and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein; rather, these various embodiments are provided to make the invention clear and complete and to convey its scope to those skilled in the art. For example, as used in the description and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "a" include plural referents unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] The present invention relates to a semi-synthetic nanosoluble compound designed to address the shortcomings of the prior art, namely, to provide greater bioresistance to lubricating fluids used in metal processing through the presence of nano-additives within the lubricating compound. "Bioresistance" is understood as the ability of a material or substance to resist degradation or attack by biological organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms, while maintaining its properties and functionality for an extended period under specific environmental or usage conditions. In the context of lubricants and industrial formulations, bioresistance is important to ensure product durability and stability in environments where biological contamination is possible.

[0027] Nano-additives are understood to be particles at the nanoscale (generally between 1 and 100 nanometers) that are incorporated into a formulation or material to improve or modify its physical, chemical, or mechanical properties. Due to their extremely small size, these additives have a high surface area to volume ratio, which confers enhanced properties such as increased reactivity, dispersibility, or interaction with the surrounding matrix. Nano-additives are commonly used to improve characteristics such as friction, wear resistance, thermal conductivity, stability, and other key properties in various industrial applications, including lubricants, coatings, and polymers.

[0028] More particularly, the present invention relates to a semi-synthetic nanosoluble compound whose synergy between its elements further increases the thermal conductivity of the fluid, which is essential for both lubrication and cooling of materials in cutting applications. This advantage over the prior art is achieved thanks to the nano-additives as described herein.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, it comprises as its basis elements such as:

[0030] a) At least one base oil, which functions as a carrier for each of the elements, compositions and / or additives present in the present invention.

[0031] Said base oil, according to one embodiment of the present invention, is any selected from the group comprising mineral oils such as, but not limited to, paraffinic oils, naphthenic oils, white mineral oils, hydrotreated mineral oils, hydrocracked oils, and hydrozimerized oils; synthetic base oils such as polyphagoolefins (PAOs), synthetic esters, polyglycols, silicone oils, and ester phosphates; and non-petroleum oils such as, but not limited to, vegetable oils, silicone oils, fluorinated oils, phosphate ester oils, microbial lipid oils, and animal oils. In addition to the components listed herein, any other related component would be within the scope, essence, and spirit of the present invention.

[0032] Likewise, in one modality, said base oil is present in the composition in an amount that ranges between 5% and 40%.

[0033] b) At least one viscosity modifier component, which has the function of adjusting or improving the viscosity of the formulation, ensuring optimal consistency under different temperature and pressure conditions, thus guaranteeing better product stability and performance. The viscosity modifier prevents the mixture from becoming too fluid at high temperatures or too viscous at low temperatures, helping to maintain lubrication and protection properties. This modifier is selected from the group comprising fatty amides, polymeric esters, olefinic polymers, polyalkylene glycols, acrylates or polymethacrylates, and polyisobutene, or a combination thereof. In addition to the components listed herein, any other related component would be within the scope, substance, and spirit of the present invention.

[0034] Likewise, in one embodiment of the present invention, said viscosity-modifying component is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 10%.

[0035] c) At least one dispersing agent that aids in the stabilization and uniform distribution of solid or liquid particles within the lubricant, preventing agglomeration and sedimentation, thereby improving the product's consistency and performance during use. The dispersing agent facilitates the formation of a homogeneous mixture, ensuring that additives or finely dispersed particles, such as nano-additives or viscosity modifiers, remain uniformly distributed in the formulation, even under extreme temperature or pressure conditions. This dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising fatty alcohols, polymeric amines, succinimides, alkylsuccinic acid esters, dispersing polymers, benzenesulfonic acid derivatives, or combinations thereof.Furthermore, a person skilled in the field will understand that any other component currently known and / or commercially available whose effect is to improve colloidal stability and prevent the formation of deposits or residues in the lubricant may also be used. In addition to the components listed herein, any other related component would be within the scope, essence, and spirit of the present invention.

[0036] Likewise, in one embodiment of the present invention, said dispersing agent is present in an amount ranging from 3% to 15%.

[0037] d) At least one anti-wear agent, which acts by reducing friction and direct contact between moving metal surfaces, minimizing wear on parts and extending the service life of components. This agent forms a protective film on the metal surfaces, preventing abrasion and corrosion under extreme load and temperature conditions. This anti-wear agent is selected from the group comprising amides, organic phosphates, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), molybdenum compounds, phosphoric esters, dithiocarbamates, combinations thereof, or similar compounds. Furthermore, a person skilled in the field will understand that any other component currently known and / or commercially available whose effect is to protect metal surfaces from mechanical or chemical wear and reduce friction may be used as an anti-wear agent.In addition to the components listed herein, any other related component would be within the scope, substance, and spirit of the present invention.

[0038] Likewise, in one embodiment of the present invention, said anti-wear agent is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 30%.

[0039] e) At least one heat stabilizer, which improves the lubricant's resistance to heat degradation by preventing oxidation and decomposition at high temperatures. The heat stabilizer helps maintain the lubricant's consistency and properties under extreme thermal conditions, extending its service life and preventing the formation of deposits, acids, or sludge that could damage components. This heat stabilizer is selected from the group comprising complex esters, antioxidant phenols, aromatic amines, phosphites, zinc oxides, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, combinations thereof, or similar compounds. Furthermore, a person skilled in the field will understand that any other currently known and / or commercially available component whose effect is to prevent thermal oxidation, stabilize viscosity, and protect the lubricant from thermal degradation may also be used.

[0040] Likewise, in one embodiment of the present invention, said thermal stabilizer is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 10%.

[0041] f) At least one emulsifying agent, which has the function of stabilizing and facilitating the mixing of two or more liquids that would not normally combine, such as water and oils, forming a uniform emulsion. This emulsifying agent improves the dispersion of the components in the formulation, ensuring that the additives and lubricants remain homogeneously distributed, thus optimizing the lubrication and cooling properties of the product, as well as preventing phase separation. This emulsifying agent is selected from the group comprising water, non-ionic surfactants such as, but not limited to, polyethylene glycol or sorbitan, anionic surfactants such as, but not limited to, alkyl sulfates; and cationic surfactants such as, but not limited to, quaternary ammonium esters, or combinations thereof.Furthermore, a person skilled in the field will understand that any other component currently known and / or commercially available whose effect is to stabilize emulsions, improve formulation homogeneity, and prevent phase separation in the lubricant may be used. In addition to the components listed herein, any other related component would be within the scope, essence, and spirit of the present invention.

[0042] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, said emulsifying element is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 30%. (g) At least one nano-additive, which has the function of improving the tribological properties of the lubricant, reducing friction and wear between the contacting surfaces. The nano-additives act by forming a lubricating film at the molecular level that minimizes direct contact between the metal surfaces, resulting in a significant reduction in wear and an increase in the efficiency of the lubricant. Said nano-additive is selected from the group consisting of metallic nanoparticles, ceramic nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles, including particularly copper-decorated graphene flakes, similar materials, or a combination thereof.Furthermore, a person skilled in the field will understand that any other component currently known and / or commercially available whose effect is to improve lubrication, reduce wear, and optimize the tribological properties of the lubricant may be used. In addition to the components listed herein, any other related component would be within the scope, essence, and spirit of the present invention.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the nano-additive is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 5%.

[0044] (h) At least one biocide, which serves to prevent and control the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and yeasts, that can adversely affect the lubricant's properties. The addition of a biocide improves the product's microbiological stability, extending its service life and maintaining the lubricant's effectiveness by preventing sludge formation, unpleasant odors, and component corrosion. This biocide is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, isothiazolinone-based compounds, glutaraldehyde, and quaternary ammonium compounds, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, a person skilled in the field will understand that any other currently known and / or commercially available component whose effect is to prevent microbiological growth, improve lubricant stability, and maintain its effectiveness may be used.In addition to the components listed herein, any other related component would be within the scope, substance, and spirit of the present invention.

[0045] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, said biocide is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 3%.

[0046] j) At least one antifoaming agent, which has the function of reducing or eliminating foam formation in the lubricant, thereby improving the product's efficiency and stability. This antifoaming agent helps prevent the accumulation of air bubbles in the mixture, which could negatively affect lubrication properties and lead to system inefficiency. This antifoaming agent is selected from the group consisting of silicones, fatty alcohols, modified mineral oils, combinations thereof, and / or similar products. Furthermore, a person skilled in the field will understand that any other currently known and / or commercially available component whose effect is to reduce foam formation, improve lubricant stability, and ensure optimal performance may be used.

[0047] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, said antifoaming agent is present in an amount of between 0.1% and 1.5%.

[0048] In a particular embodiment of the present invention, it is characterized by the absence of chlorate, phosphate, and sulfate-based additives, and instead, the present invention comprises a plurality of nanoparticles, as previously described in this application.

[0049] Where, in a particular embodiment of the present invention, said nanoparticles are suspended at the liquid interface, and due to their laminar nature, when two surfaces are in contact, specifically sliding, said flakes are configured to slide against each other, suddenly reducing friction and therefore heat production.

[0050] As a person with ordinary knowledge of the subject will understand from what is disclosed herein, the reduction of friction derived from the incorporation of nanoparticles along with each and every one of the components present in the composition in any of the modalities described in the present invention results in the improvement of the bioresistance of lubricants in environments with a high probability of contamination, such as work environments with high movement of particles as well as microorganisms, which advantageously offers a substantial improvement in the average useful life of the generated compound by greatly reducing the growth and propagation of microorganisms which are known to affect the effectiveness and average life of current lubricants.

[0051] Likewise, the present invention demonstrates that the incorporation of nanoparticles in combination with the other elements mentioned in the various previously mentioned modalities results in an advantage and notable improvement of thermal conductivity, which generates greater efficiency in the lubricants disclosed by the prior art.

[0052] These nanoparticles fill the micropores of the materials, forming a solid layer that prevents metal-to-metal contact, thus avoiding chemical reactions between the materials and greatly reducing wear.

[0053] Additionally, the nanosoluble compound exhibits excellent bioresistance, being able to form a stable emulsion with water, with a typical ratio of 94% water and 6% lubricant, maintaining its stability over time and resisting biological contamination, resulting in better maintenance of its lubricity and a substantial improvement in the performance of cutting tools.

[0054] The emulsion formed by this nanolubricant is stable over time and offers significant improvements in lubricity and cooling, substantially increasing the performance of cutting tools. EXAMPLES

[0055] In order to demonstrate the technical advantage of the present invention, bioresistance analyses were performed as follows:

[0056] a) Bioresistance analysis

[0057] a. Preparation of test material

[0058] The test materials included in the tests were kept in a tightly sealed container at room temperature.

[0059] b. Pre-inoculum

[0060] The microorganisms were activated prior to use by scraping the plate from cryopreserved stock. A sterile loop was used to collect the sample and streak it onto a plate to obtain isolated colonies. From this plate, a sample was taken and placed in 10 ml of culture medium. After 24 hours, a sample was taken for inoculum preparation.

[0061] c. Inoculum

[0062] i. Preparation

[0063] The metalworking fluid from the location of interest was mixed with equal parts of sterile casein soy broth to obtain a sufficient volume to perform all subsequent evaluations, and 10% of the pre-inoculum was added.

[0064] The inoculum was prepared fresh for each series of tests. The fluid broth mixture was incubated with aeration for 48 hours.

[0065] i. Evaluation

[0066] The bacterial level in the inoculum should have been checked before use and the count should not have been less than 5 x 10 A 8 / ml. This could be done by the plate counting method, in which case the level could be determined by an appropriate dilution of the test sample.

[0067] d. Evaluation procedure

[0068] i. System preparation

[0069] For the process setup, a ratio of 1 part inoculum to 10 parts test system was required. Thorough mixing was performed in a laminar flow hood to maintain the sterility provided by the system and prevent contamination errors. Subsequently, a plug was added to allow airflow. The lubricant samples obtained exhibited high viscosity, so pre-aeration stirring was necessary to ensure a homogeneous mixture. The samples were kept under constant agitation throughout the experiment in a temperature-controlled orbital shaker.

[0070] i. Aeration

[0071] The air source with the tube was placed as close as possible to the bottom of the fluid container for 5 days, at which time the losses due to evaporation were compensated for with distilled water or water of equal purity.

[0072] iii. Sampling regime Samples for bacteriological evaluation and for pH measurement were collected four times during the course of this test: (1) before the start of aeration, (2) after the first 5 days of aeration, (3) after the first weekend closure, and (4) five days later.

[0073] iv. Measurements

[0074] pH measurement

[0075] The pH was measured in the sample, allowing sufficient equilibration time and taking care to thoroughly clean the electrodes between samples, especially when dealing with samples containing oil.

[0076] Microbiological evaluation. Plate count method

[0077] The standard plate count was the accepted method in many authorized areas for determining the viable number of bacteria per milliliter. It involved making the necessary seeded dilutions in 99 mL of sterilized water with 1 mL of starting liquid. This primary dilution was then used to make subsequent dilutions. The procedure was adequately described in Standard Methods for the Evaluation of Milk and Dairy Products (13). a(edition). Since counts below 10,000 / mL are of minor significance in metalworking fluids, it was recommended that the undiluted, 1:10, 1:100, and 1:1000 working fluids be omitted when preparing plate counts, and that the first plates tested be at the 1:10,000 level. For comparison purposes, the test could be performed from 1:10,000 to 1:1,000,000. According to standard methods, plates containing more than 30 or fewer than 300 colonies were used to determine the levels of viable bacteria in the derived fluid. The colony count on such plates was multiplied by the inverse of the dilution factor to obtain the actual count. If there were more than 300 colonies on the 1 to 1,000,000 dilution plates, the results were given as more than 300. If the colony count on the 1 to 10,000 plates was less than 30, the actual count was used multiplied by the dilution factor.If there were no colonies at the lowest dilution, i.e., from 1 to 10000, then the report indicated less than 10000 / ml.

[0078] e. Evaluation of results

[0079] Different fluids could exhibit varying stabilities in the presence of large numbers of microorganisms, resulting in greater variation in bacterial levels that caused physical and chemical changes in the fluids. Therefore, the total count was only one parameter in monitoring biological acceptability.

[0080] The drop in pH along with an increase in bacterial count, or an increase in bacterial count between readings, should have been a warning that the liquid was beginning to deteriorate biologically. The test was designed not only to evaluate shelf-shelved products as received from fluid manufacturers, but also as a rapid laboratory method to determine the optimal level of a suitable biocide that could be added to supplement the test formulation. Bias: The procedure of this test method for measuring bacterial resistance was unbiased because the bacterial resistance value was defined solely in terms of this test method.

[0081] c) Microbiological evaluation by McFarland standard method

[0082] The McFarland standard was used in the last sampling for microbiological assessment. A McFarland standard is a chemical solution of barium chloride and sulfuric acid; the reaction between these two chemicals resulted in the production of a fine precipitate, barium sulfate. When thoroughly shaken, the turbidity of a McFarland standard was visually comparable to that of a bacterial suspension of known concentration. a) Preparation

[0083] McFarland standards were prepared by mixing the two chemicals (barium sulfate and sulfuric acid) as shown below. Table 1.

[0084]

[0085] Table 1. McFarland Standards.

[0086] Before starting the test, the McFarland standard had to be thoroughly shaken and aliquoted into test tubes identical to those used to prepare the inoculum suspension. Once aliquoted, the tubes had to be tightly sealed to prevent evaporation. Before each use, the samples were thoroughly shaken to ensure that the barium sulfate was evenly distributed throughout the solution. The most commonly used standard in the clinical microbiology laboratory was the 0.5 McFarland standard, which was prescribed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and culture media performance testing.

[0087] b) Procedure

[0088] The McFarland standard was mixed into a vertex mix before the test. Care was taken to ensure that the McFarland standard was dispensed in aliquots into a tube of the same size and diameter as the tube used to prepare the test suspension. A test suspension was prepared by obtaining a fresh, pure culture of the test organism and inoculating it into a suitable broth.

[0089] The turbidity of the test suspension was determined using the McFarland standard, Figure 1.

[0090] 4. RESULTS

[0091] The samples were evaluated according to the protocol at four specific time points: (1) before the start of aeration, (2) after the first 5 days of aeration, (3) after the first weekend closure, and (4) five days later. The samples were evaluated microbiologically and in terms of pH. The results obtained from the samples are shown in the following tables (Tables 2-3, Figure 2) according to the previously determined intervals.

[0092]

[0093] Table 2. Results obtained according to the established parameters.

[0094] < < < < < < < <

[0095] < < < < < < < <

[0096] < < < < < < < <

[0097] < < < < < < < <

[0098] < < < < < < < <

[0099]

[0100] Table 3. Plate count results.

[0101] *If there are more than 300 colonies on the 1:100,000 dilution plates, the results are reported as more than 300 (>300). If the colony count on the 1:10,000 plates is less than 30, the actual count is used multiplied by the dilution factor. If there are no colonies at the lowest dilution, i.e., 1:10,000, then the report indicates less than 10,000 / ml (<10,000).

[0102] For the last sampling, tests were performed using the McFarland standard, obtaining the following results, Table 4, Figure 3.

[0103]

[0104] Table 4. Test Results Using the McFarland Standard. The lubricant samples were received and stored according to laboratory standards, ensuring proper handling until their use in the evaluation. The results obtained from the lubricant samples in the bioresistance tests showed minimal growth in the third mineral oil sample, in one of the replicates; however, this growth fell within the parameters considered negative (<10,000). It should be noted that, although the results were negative in most of the samples obtained at all dilutions, the test parameters indicated that it should be reported as <10,000.

[0105] The data obtained from the sampling using the plate dilution technique agreed with the data obtained in the McFarland standards, in which a count less than TM50 (McFarland 0.5) could be considered, corroborating the bioresistance capacity.

[0106] Regarding the pH data obtained, a slight reduction in values ​​was observed in the lubricant samples, which could be attributed to evaporation of the liquid due to air entrainment and the replacement of the lost volume with sterile distilled water. However, this does not negate the fact that this standard was not intended to address all safety issues associated with its use. The results obtained in the various bioresistance tests demonstrated that, under the test conditions and within the timeframe established by this protocol, the samples maintained sterility and high bioresistance. There was no difference in bioresistance capacity between the different lubricants.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A nanolubricant characterized in that it comprises: a) at least one base oil; b) at least one viscosity modifier; c) at least one dispersing agent; d) at least one anti-wear agent; e) at least one thermal stabilizer; f) at least one emulsifying element; g) at least one nano-additive; h) at least one biocide; i) at least one sparkling wine.

2. The nanolubricant according to claim 1, wherein the at least one base oil is selected from the group comprising mineral oils such as, but not limited to, paraffinic oils, naphthenic oils, white mineral oils, hydrated mineral oils, hydrocracked oils, hydrozimerized oils; synthetic base oils such as polyaphaolefins (PAOs), synthetic esters, polyglycols, silicone oils, ester phosphate; non-petroleum-derived oils such as, but not limited to, vegetable oils, silicone oils, fluorinated oils, phosphate ester oils, microbial lipid oils, animal oils, a combination thereof or similar.

3. The nanolubricant according to claim 2, wherein the at least one base oil is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 5% to 40%.

4. The nanolubricant according to claim 3, wherein the at least one viscosity modifier is selected from the group comprising fatty amides, polymeric esters, olefinic polymers, polyalkylene glycols, acrylates or polymethacrylates, and polyisobutene, or a combination thereof or similar.

5. The nanolubricant according to claim 4, wherein the at least one viscosity modifier is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 1% to 10%.

6. The nanolubricant according to claim 5, wherein the at least one dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising fatty alcohols, polymeric amines, succinimides, alkylsuccinic acid esters, dispersing polymers, benzenesulfonic acid derivatives, combinations thereof or similar.

7. The nanolubricant according to claim 6, wherein the at least one dispersing agent is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 3% to 15%.

8. The nanolubricant according to claim 7, wherein the at least one anti-wear agent is selected from the group comprising amides, organic phosphates, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), molybdenum compounds, phosphoric esters, dithiocarbamates, combinations thereof or similar.

9. The nanolubricant according to claim 8, wherein the at least one anti-wear agent is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 1% to 30%.

10. The nanolubricant according to claim 9, wherein the at least one thermal stabilizer is selected from the group comprising complex esters, antioxidant phenols, aromatic amines, phosphites, zinc oxides, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, combinations thereof or similar.

11. The nanolubricant according to claim 10, wherein the at least one thermal stabilizer is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 1% to 10%.

12. The nanolubricant according to claim 11, wherein the at least one emulsifying element is selected from the group comprising water, non-ionic surfactants such as but not limited to polyethylene glycol or sorbitan, anionic surfactants such as but not limited to alkyl sulfates; and cationic surfactants such as but not limited to quaternary ammonium esters, combinations thereof or similar.

13. The nanolubricant according to claim 12, wherein the at least one emulsifying element is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 1% to 30%.

14. The nanolubricant according to claim 13, wherein the at least one nanoadditive is selected from the group comprising water, non-ionic surfactants such as, but not limited to, polyethylene glycol or sorbitan, anionic surfactants such as, but not limited to, alkyl sulfates; and cationic surfactants such as, but not limited to, quaternary ammonium esters, combinations thereof or similar.

15. The nanolubricant according to claim 14, wherein the at least one nanoadditive is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 5%.

16. The nanolubricant according to claim 15, wherein the at least one biocide is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, isothiazolinone-based compounds, glutaraldehyde, and quaternary ammonium-based compounds, or a combination thereof.

17. The nanolubricant according to claim 16, wherein the at least one biocide is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 3%.

18. The nanolubricant according to claim 17, wherein the at least one antifoaming agent is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, isothiazolinone-based compounds, glutaraldehyde, and quaternary ammonium-based compounds, or a combination thereof.

19. The nanolubricant according to claim 18, wherein the at least one antifoaming agent is present in the composition in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 1.5%.

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