Surface roughening method for transparent material with smooth surface
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/077765
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
Smart Images

Figure CN2025077765_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SURFACE ROUGHENING METHOD FOR TRANSPARENT MATERIAL WITH SMOOTH SURFACETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of glass manufacturing, and in particular, to a surface roughening method for a transparent material with a smooth surface.BACKGROUND
[0002] A rough glass surface has been proved to effectively serve as a boundary layer for photovoltaic modules. Compared with a smooth glass surface (e.g., a surface produced in float glass production) , the rough glass surface has the following advantages: less glare, better light collection effect and more stable color impression (adopting some techniques for producing colored photovoltaic modules) .
[0003] So far, there have been a variety of mature processes for producing glass with a rough surface (satin glass or frosted glass) :
[0004] 1. Glass surface etching (e.g., EP2563733B1 and WO2023278223A1) : This involves the treatment of one side of glass by hydrofluoric acid (HF) . Hydrofluoric acid can corrode glass, removing components from glass and roughening the surface. Hydrofluoric acid is an extremely dangerous chemical and difficult to treat, but it is the only known acid that can corrode glass. Strong brine can also cause changes in the glass surface, but these reactions are usually quite slow. Due to technical reasons, it is impossible to implement full-surface satin treatment on a glass plate by etching; there is always an edge of at least 20 mm which fails to become satin, and if a uniform optical appearance is needed, the glass needs to be cut later.
[0005] 2. Machining (e.g., US20120003779A1) , such as sandblasting: The optical effect subsequent to the sandblasting of the glass surface is equivalent to that of etched matte glass. However, the microscopic defects of the glass surface will reduce the bending and tensile strength of glass, which is particularly unfavorable for the application in the construction industry.
[0006] 3. Laser machining (e.g., EP0652554A1) : Laser with a specific wavelength can directly change the surface (or volume) of glass, and the beam diameter can be changed. For the treatment of a large area, a movable worktable, a movable laser or an adjustable optical element is needed, whereas the present invention will treat the whole area within a few milliseconds.
[0007] 4. Rolled structure in the manufacturing process: This process is suitable for cast glass, and its manufacturing process is different from that of float glass.SUMMARY
[0008] Aiming at the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a surface roughening method for a transparent material with a smooth surface. The transparent material can be any shape of transparent material that allows light to reach the absorption layer at the interface between the transparent material and the absorption layer. For example, this may include curved structures of glass, pipes or boxes of glass. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0009] The surface roughening method for a transparent material with a smooth surface according to the present invention includes:
[0010] arranging a coating on one side surface of the transparent material, and applying an intense light pulse on the other side surface of the transparent material, utilizing the intense light pulse to pass through the transparent material to reach the coating;
[0011] absorbing, by the coating, the electromagnetic energy of the light pulse to make the local temperature of a contact interface between the coating and the transparent material rise rapidly, so that the coating is blown away from the interface between the transparent material and the coating and, as the coating is blown away from the interface between the transparent material and the coating, microscopic particles of the material of the transparent material are attached to the coating blown away; and
[0012] forming a clean, highly transparent and rough surface on the side surface of the transparent material originally provided with the coating.
[0013] In some embodiments, by applying the coating on one side surface of the transparent material in a spatially non-uniform manner and applying the intense light pulse on the other side surface of the transparent material by the roughening method according to claim 1, a pattern with a matte or smooth appearance is formed on the side surface of the transparent material originally provided with the coating.
[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of surfaces of the transparent material are treated by the method according to the present invention, which includes: roughening one surface of the transparent material by applying a coating on the surface of the transparent material by employing the roughening method according to claim 1; and by applying a coating on the other unroughened surface of the transparent material, employing the roughening method according to claim 1 to roughen the other surface of the transparent material, thus completing the roughening of the plurality of surfaces of the transparent material.
[0015] In some embodiments, the roughness, appearance and optical properties of the transparent material vary depending on the type of the coating and the energy, wavelength, duration and repetition rate of the light pulse.
[0016] In some embodiments, the properties of the material of the coating meet the condition that light of at least one wavelength not absorbed by the material of the transparent material can be absorbed by the coating.
[0017] In some embodiments, the thickness of the transparent material is much greater than that of the coating, and the thickness of the coating at least allows a sufficient amount of light to be absorbed by the coating.
[0018] In some embodiments, the coating is deposited on the surface of the transparent material by sputtering or screen printing.
[0019] In some embodiments, the intense light pulse uses monochromatic light.
[0020] In some embodiments, the intense light pulse uses monochromatic light emitted by laser.
[0021] In some embodiments, the intense light pulse uses a flash lamp.
[0022] In some embodiments, the transparent material is a transparent glass plate; and the surface roughening method for the transparent glass plate includes:
[0023] arranging a coating on one side surface of the glass plate, and applying an intense light pulse on the other side surface of the glass plate, utilizing the intense light pulse to pass through the glass plate to reach the coating;
[0024] absorbing, by the coating, the electromagnetic energy of the light pulse to make the local temperature of a contact interface between the coating and the glass plate rise rapidly, so that the coating is blown away from the interface between the glass plate and the coating and, as the coating is blown away from the interface between the glass plate and the coating, microscopic particles of the glass plate are attached to the coating blown away; and
[0025] forming a clean, highly transparent and rough surface on the side surface of the glass plate originally provided with the coating.
[0026] In some embodiments, the coating is made of a metal material or a ceramic pigment.
[0027] In some embodiments, the coating is made of molybdenum.
[0028] In a second aspect, an application of the aforementioned method in the manufacturing of float glass is provided to employ the aforementioned method to roughen the smooth surface of float glass.
[0029] The surface roughening method for a transparent material with a smooth surface has the following beneficial effects: The present invention effectively realizes the roughening of the surfaces of the transparent material and the glass plate, producing a rough (satin) glass surface from a smooth glass surface, i.e., producing a product with required glass properties from float glass; and the technical disadvantages of processes, such as glass surface etching, machining (such as sandblasting) and laser machining, in the prior art are avoided. The method according to the present invention can realize the position control and process control of the roughening of the surfaces of the transparent material and the glass plate, and will not reduce the bending and tensile strength of glass.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0030] Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a roughening method provided by the present invention;
[0031] Fig. 2 shows images taken by a confocal microscope at a magnification based on about 3000 μm in an x direction and about 2200 μm in a y direction, where Fig. 2 (a) shows an image of a glass surface in an edge-deleted area where coating had been removed prior to exposure to a flash lamp, and Fig. 2 (b) shows an image of the glass surface in an area that was coated before application of the strong light pulse;
[0032] Fig. 3 shows images taken by the confocal microscope at a magnification based on about 710 μm in the x direction and about 530 μm in the y direction, where Fig. 3 (a) shows an image of the glass surface in the edge-deleted area where coating had been removed prior to exposure to the flash lamp, and Fig. 3 (b) shows an image of the glass surface in the area that was coated before application of the strong light pulse; and
[0033] Fig. 4 shows images taken by the confocal microscope at a magnification based on about 290 μm in the x direction and about 220 μm in the y direction, where Fig. 4 (a) shows an image of the glass surface in the edge-deleted area where coating had been removed prior to exposure to the flash lamp, and Fig. 4 (b) shows an image of the glass surface in the area that was coated before application of the strong light pulse.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0034] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention rather than to limit the present invention.
[0035] An embodiment of the present invention provides a surface roughening method for a transparent material with a smooth surface, which includes the following steps:
[0036] At Step 1, a coating is arranged on one side surface of the transparent material, and an intense light pulse is applied on the other side surface of the transparent material, utilizing the intense light pulse to pass through the transparent material to reach the coating;
[0037] at Step 2, the coating absorbs the electromagnetic energy of the light pulse to make the local temperature of a contact interface between the coating and the transparent material rise rapidly, so that the coating is blown away from the interface between the transparent material and the coating and, as the coating is blown away from the interface between the transparent material and the coating, microscopic particles of the material of the transparent material are attached to the coating blown away; and
[0038] at Step 3, a clean, highly transparent and rough surface is formed on the side surface of the transparent material originally provided with the coating.
[0039] In one embodiment, the method according to the present invention may be employed to generate a patterned rough position distribution on the surface of the transparent material, thus forming a required pattern area (one side surface of the transparent material has both a local rough area and a local smooth area) . Specifically, by applying the coating on one side surface of the transparent material in a spatially non-uniform manner (e.g., changing the properties of the coating by a certain pattern or spatially) and applying the intense light pulse on the other side surface of the transparent material by the roughening method provided in Steps 1 to 3 as described above, a pattern with a matte or smooth appearance may be formed on the side surface of the transparent material originally provided with the coating. It should be noted that by employing the roughening method provided in Steps 1 to 3 above, when the intense light pulse passes through the transparent material to reach the coating, complex changes and complex dynamic processes occur in the interior of the coating, the interface between the transparent material and the coating and the interior of the side of the transparent material close to the coating, causing microscopic particles of the material of the transparent material on the side of the transparent material close to the coating to leave the interface between the transparent material and the coating along with the coating.
[0040] In one embodiment, the method according to the present invention may be employed to roughen a plurality of surfaces of the plate respectively, and the process comprises the following steps:
[0041] At Step A1, by applying a coating on one surface of the transparent material, the roughening method provided in Steps 1 to 3 above is employed to roughen one surface of the transparent material;
[0042] at Step A2, by applying a coating on another unroughened surface of the transparent material, the roughening method provided in Steps 1 to 3 above is employed to roughen the other surface of the transparent material; and
[0043] at step A3, the remaining unroughened surfaces of the transparent material are roughened in sequence, thus completing the roughening of the plurality of surfaces of the transparent material.
[0044] In one embodiment, after the transparent material is roughened by employing the method according to the present invention, the roughness, appearance and optical properties of the transparent material vary depending on the type of the coating and the energy, wavelength, duration and repetition rate of the light pulse.
[0045] In one embodiment, in the roughening method according to the present invention, the properties of the material of the coating meet the condition that light of at least one wavelength not absorbed by the material of the transparent material can be absorbed by the coating, and then the light of this wavelength is applied to the other side surface of the transparent material. The present invention is applicable to a transparent material of any shape that allows light to reach an absorber layer at an interface between the transparent material and the absorber layer. The optical properties of the coating enable light of a certain wavelength almost not absorbed by the transparent material to be strongly absorbed. In the present invention, the thickness of the transparent material is much greater than that of the coating, and the thickness of the coating at least allows a sufficient amount of light to be absorbed by the coating. The coating in the present invention is deposited on the surface of the transparent material by sputtering or screen printing.
[0046] The spectra of the light used in the present invention contain sufficient energy densities, which will be absorbed by the absorber layer. In one embodiment, it is monochromatic light, for example, emitted by a laser. In another embodiment, the light is emitted by a flash lamp (usually having a wider spectrum) onto large areas (several square centimeters to several square meters) of the transparent material and the coating.
[0047] Specifically, the method according to the present invention is applicable to glass plates (e.g., float glass) , and the transparent material in the aforementioned roughening method is a transparent glass plate. The surface roughening method for the transparent glass plate includes the following steps:
[0048] At Step B1, a coating is arranged on one side surface of the glass plate, and an intense light pulse is applied on the other side surface of the glass plate, utilizing the intense light pulse to pass through the glass plate to reach the coating;
[0049] at Step B2, the coating absorbs the electromagnetic energy of the light pulse to make the local temperature of a contact interface between the coating and the glass rise rapidly, so that the coating is blown away from the interface between the glass and the coating and, as the coating is blown away from the interface between the glass and the coating, microscopic particles of the glass are attached to the coating blown away; and
[0050] at Step B3, a clean, highly transparent and rough surface is formed on the side surface of the glass plate originally provided with the coating.
[0051] Moreover, the thickness of the glass plate is much greater than that of the coating, and the thickness of the coating at least allows a sufficient amount of light to be absorbed by the coating. The coating is made of a metal material (e.g., molybdenum) or a ceramic pigment.
[0052] It should be noted that by employing the roughening method provided in Steps B1 to B3 above, when the intense light pulse passes through the glass plate to reach the coating, complex changes and complex dynamic processes occur in the interior of the coating, the interface between the glass plate and the coating and the interior of the side of the glass plate close to the coating, causing microscopic particles of the material of the glass plate on the side of the glass plate close to the coating to leave the interface between the glass plate and the coating along with the coating.
[0053] The process of an experiment conducted for the method according to the present invention is as follows:
[0054] As shown in Fig. 1, the topmost layer (the black layer with small thickness) is the coating of the glass plate, and the layer under the coating (the layer with large thickness indicated in grey) is the glass plate. An intense light pulse was applied to the bottom (uncoated) side of the glass plate, so that the coating of the glass plate was removed by the intense light pulse, resulting in a rough surface on the formerly coated side.
[0055] The glass plate (soda lime float glass) with a thickness of 2.3 mm and molybdenum (several hundred nanometers thick) coated on one side was adopted as a sample, and there were also other opaque layers.
[0056] Intense light pulse: It came from a discharge lamp operating in a pulse mode, and the pulse duration was within a range of 0.5 milliseconds; and a single pulse was enough to remove the coating on the glass, but several pulses were also tested. It is recommended to capture the small particles and smoke of the coating by means of an exhaust system. Before further machining, it may be necessary to clean the glass plate, so as to ensure that there are no coating residues or loose glass particles on the glass.
[0057] Results: The coating on the glass was effectively removed by the intense light pulse, thus producing a transparent uncoated glass. The glass surface with the coating removed was identified as being rough by touch and optical properties (the transmitted light source was blurred) . The treated area (affected by the intense light pulse) and untreated area (without coating) of the glass plate can be directly compared, because the coated glass plate contains an edge-deleted area. Before the experiment, the coating on the glass was removed by a scanning laser process (the laser intensity did not significantly change the glass surface) .
[0058] Figs. 2, 3 and 4 show images taken by a confocal microscope, and compare two areas of the sample: Figures entitled with ‘a’ show the image of an edge-deleted area (the coating was removed from the glass by a "soft" scanning laser process before the experiment) , while figures entitled with ‘b’ show the image of the glass surface subsequent to the removal of the coating by the intense light pulse. Images with three different magnifications are shown.
[0059] In Fig. 2, the magnification is based on about 3000 μm in the x direction and about 2200 μm in the y direction. Fig. 2 (a) shows the image of the glass surface in the edge-deleted area where coating had been removed prior to exposure to the flash lamp (the z-axis range is from -21 μm to 27 μm) , and Fig. 2 (b) shows the image of the glass surface in the area that was coated before application of the strong light pulse (the z-axis range is from -36 μm to 58 μm) .
[0060] In Fig. 3, the magnification is based on about 710 μm in the x direction and about 530 μm in the y direction. Fig. 3 (a) shows the image of the glass surface in the edge-deleted area where coating had been removed prior to exposure to the flash lamp (the z-axis range is from -1.2 μm to 3.9 μm) , and Fig. 3 (b) shows the image of the glass surface in the area that was coated before application of the strong light pulse (the z-axis range is from -16 μm to 11 μm) .
[0061] In Fig. 4, the magnification is based on about 290 μm in the x direction and about 220 μm in the y direction. Fig. 4 (a) shows the image of the glass surface in the edge-deleted area where coating had been removed prior to exposure to the flash lamp (the z-axis range is from -1.0 μm to 3.9 μm) , and Fig. 4 (b) shows the image of the glass surface in the area that was coated before application of the strong light pulse (the z-axis range is from -11 μm to 18 μm) .
[0062] The images taken by the confocal microscope show that there are obvious differences in morphology between the glass surface that was formerly coated and the glass surface without coating. Especially at the moderate magnification, it can be seen that the glass surface shows a sign of breaking. The height measurement range of the confocal microscope is obviously wider for the formerly coated area, which clearly indicates that the surface is rougher. At the high magnification, the measurement range is about 6 times wider. Due to the rough surface of the treated area of the glass plate, this area presents a frosted appearance when an object is viewed through the glass.
[0063] The present invention is not limited to the aforementioned specific embodiments, and various changes which are made by those of ordinary skill in the art from the above idea without creative labor shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1.A surface roughening method for a transparent material with a smooth surface, comprising:arranging a coating on one side surface of the transparent material, and applying an intense light pulse on the other side surface of the transparent material, utilizing the intense light pulse to pass through the transparent material to reach the coating;absorbing, by the coating, the electromagnetic energy of the light pulse to make the local temperature of a contact interface between the coating and the transparent material rise rapidly, so that the coating is blown away from the interface between the transparent material and the coating and, as the coating is blown away from the interface between the transparent material and the coating, microscopic particles of the material of the transparent material are attached to the coating blown away; andforming a clean, highly transparent and rough surface on the side surface of the transparent material originally provided with the coating.2.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, wherein by applying the coating on one side surface of the transparent material in a spatially non-uniform manner and applying the intense light pulse on the other side surface of the transparent material by the roughening method according to claim 1, a pattern with a matte or smooth appearance is formed on the side surface of the transparent material originally provided with the coating.3.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, whereinby applying a coating on one surface of the transparent material, the roughening method according to claim 1 is employed to roughen one surface of the transparent material; andby applying a coating on the other unroughened surface of the transparent material, the roughening method according to claim 1 is employed to roughen the other surface of the transparent material, thus completing the roughening of the plurality of surfaces of the transparent material.4.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, wherein the roughness, appearance and optical properties of the transparent material vary depending on the type of the coating and the energy, wavelength, duration and repetition rate of the light pulse.5.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, wherein the properties of the material of the coating meet the condition that light of at least one wavelength not absorbed by the material of the transparent material can be absorbed by the coating.6.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the transparent material is much greater than that of the coating, and the thickness of the coating at least allows a sufficient amount of light to be absorbed by the coating.7.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, wherein the coating is deposited on the surface of the transparent material by sputtering or screen printing.8.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, wherein the intense light pulse uses monochromatic light.9.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 8, wherein the intense light pulse uses monochromatic light emitted by laser.10.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 1, wherein the intense light pulse uses a flash lamp.11.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claims 1 to 10, wherein the transparent material is a transparent glass plate; and the surface roughening method for the transparent glass plate comprises:arranging a coating on one side surface of the glass plate, and applying an intense light pulse on the other side surface of the glass plate, utilizing the intense light pulse to pass through the glass plate to reach the coating;absorbing, by the coating, the electromagnetic energy of the light pulse to make the local temperature of a contact interface between the coating and the glass plate rise rapidly, so that the coating is blown away from the interface between the glass plate and the coating and, as the coating is blown away from the interface between the glass plate and the coating, microscopic particles of the glass plate are attached to the coating blown away; andforming a clean, highly transparent and rough surface on the side surface of the glass plate originally provided with the coating.12.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 11, wherein the coating is made of a metal material or a ceramic pigment.13.The surface roughening method for a transparent material according to claim 12, wherein the coating is made of molybdenum.14.An application of the method according to claims 1 to 13 in the manufacturing of float glass, wherein the method according to claims 1 to 13 is employed to roughen the smooth surface of float glass.