Communication method, communication apparatus, and communication system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/097380
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-02-24
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-27
Smart Images

Figure CN2025097380_27082026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COMMUNICATION METHOD, COMMUNICATION APPARATUS, AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
[0001] This application claims priority to United States of America Provisional Application No. 63 / 762,452, filed on February 24, 2025, and entitled “Method and Apparatus on Unified Carrier Configuration” , which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communication. Particularly, it relates to a communication method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system.BACKGROUND
[0003] In a wireless network, if a user equipment (UE) powers on or wakes up from a power saving mode, the UE may search a synchronization signal block (SSB) signal from a network node for synchronization. If the UE synchronizes with one SSB of a cell, the UE may receive system information associated with the SSB and the cell. The system information may configure a carrier component (CC) and physical random access channel (PRACH) resources which can also be referred to as PRACH occasions.
[0004] In a future wireless network, more spectrum may be used. The system information may be used to configure a unified carrier with multiple CCs for an initial access procedure. Or the system information may be used to configure at least two sub-bands in a CC for an initial access procedure.
[0005] Therefore, how to configure at least two frequency resources for an initial access procedure is needed to be solved in this application.SUMMARY
[0006] This present disclosure provides a communication method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system for configuration used to configure at least two frequency resources for an initial access procedure.
[0007] According to a first aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at a terminal node, for example, a terminal node or a module in a terminal node, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem (modem) chip, also referred to as a baseband (baseband) chip, or a system on chip (system on chip, SoC) chip or a system in package (system in package, SIP) chip that includes a modem core) that is responsible for a communication function in a terminal node. For example, the method is applied to a terminal node.
[0008] In this method, a terminal node receives configuration information. The configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) . And, the terminal node performs the initial access procedure using one of the at least two carriers or one of the two sub-bands in the carrier
[0009] In the foregoing method, at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier may be associated with an initial access procedure so that a congestion or a collision during the initial access procedure can be avoided if the increasing number of the terminal nodes contributes to high traffic or a criterion based on pre-defined or preconfigured conditions or device / terminal type is provided to select one of the at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier. In addition, choosing one of the at least two carriers or one of the at least two sub-bands in a carrier to perform may contribute to a more flexible initial access procedure.
[0010] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates one or more numerologies for one of the at least two carriers, or one or more numerologies for one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0011] As such, one carrier with one or more numerologies may allow for the terminal node to flexibly choose the suitable numerology to use during the initial access procedure.
[0012] In a possible design, numerologies of two carriers in the at least two carriers are different; or numerologies of two sub-bands in the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are different.
[0013] As such, different numerologies of the at least two carriers or different numerologies of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier may allow for the terminal node to use the suitable carrier to perform the initial access procedure based on the requirement of the terminal node. For example, a slow mobility UE may use a numerology with a smaller subcarrier spacing for the initial access procedure and a fast mobility UE may use a numerology with a bigger subcarrier spacing for the initial access procedure.
[0014] In a possible design, the two carriers overlap in a frequency domain; or the two sub-bands overlap in a frequency domain.
[0015] As such, if two carrier or two sub-bands overlap in the frequency domain, the resource allocated to be used for the initial access procedure may be reduced or may be shared in the frequency domain.
[0016] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates at least two reference points associated with the at least two carriers respectively. The at least two reference points are used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers respectively.
[0017] As such, the at least two carriers may be determined based on different reference points respectively so that the at least two carriers can be applied more flexibly.
[0018] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates a common reference point associated with the at least two carriers. The common reference point is used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers.
[0019] As such, the at least two carriers may be determined based on the same reference point so that the signaling overhead can be at least saved.
[0020] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates at least one of: a start common resource block (CRB) index of each of the at least two carriers based on one of the at least two reference points or the common reference point; a bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers; a timing-offset relative to the SSB for a resource for the initial access procedure; identity information related to the each of the at least two carriers; or traffic loading condition of the each of the at least two carriers.
[0021] In a possible design, the at least two carriers belong to a union carrier, wherein the union carrier is associated with a union carrier identity.
[0022] In a possible design, the configuration information indicates the union carrier identity.
[0023] As such, the union carrier identity may allow for the terminal node to determine the at least two carriers allocated to be used for the initial access procedure.
[0024] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates a frequency domain resource for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0025] As such, the at least two sub-bands allocated to be used for the initial procedure can be easily determined by the terminal node.
[0026] In a possible design, the method further includes that the terminal node receives an indication indicating that one or more of the at least two carriers are used for initial access procedure, or indicating that one or more of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are used for initial access procedure.
[0027] As such, the terminal node performs the initial access procedure as the network node informing so that the initial access procedure may be performed in a more suitable carrier or sub-band.
[0028] In a possible design, the method further includes that the terminal node determines the one of the at least two carriers based on at least one of device capability or parameters associated with the at least two carriers; or determines the one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier based on at least one of the device capability or parameters associated with the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0029] For example, the parameters may be access information for the terminal node to determine to camp on which of the at least two carriers or which of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0030] As such, the terminal node may determine the carrier used for the initial access procedure based on various elements.
[0031] In a possible design, that the terminal node receives configuration information includes that the terminal node receives the SSB. The configuration information is carried in the SSB.
[0032] In a possible design, that the terminal node receives configuration information includes that the terminal node receives a system information block (SIB) . The configuration information is carried in the SIB.
[0033] According to a second aspect, a communication method is described. The method may be applied at a network node, for example, a network node or a module in a network node, a circuit or a chip (for example, a modem (modem) chip, also referred to as a baseband (baseband) chip, or a system on chip (system on chip, SoC) chip or a system in package (system in package, SIP) chip that includes a modem core) that is responsible for a communication function in a network node. For example, the method is applied to a network node.
[0034] In this method, the network node obtains configuration information. The configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) . And the network node transmits the configuration information.
[0035] The technical effect of the technical solution in the second aspect can refer to that in the first aspect.
[0036] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates one or more numerologies for one of the at least two carriers, or one or more numerologies for one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0037] In a possible design, numerologies of two carriers in the at least two carriers are different; or numerologies of two sub-bands in the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are different.
[0038] In a possible design, the two carriers overlap in a frequency domain. Or the two sub-bands overlap in a frequency domain.
[0039] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates at least two reference points associated with the at least two carriers respectively; wherein the at least two reference points are used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers respectively.
[0040] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates a common reference point associated with the at least two carriers. The common reference point is used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers.
[0041] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates at least one of: a start common resource block (CRB) index of each of the at least two carriers based on one of the at least two reference points or the common reference point; a bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers; a timing-offset relative to the SSB for a resource of the initial access procedure; identity information related to the each of the at least two carriers; or traffic loading condition of the each of the at least two carriers.
[0042] In a possible design, the at least two carriers belong to a union carrier, wherein the union carrier is associated with a union carrier identity.
[0043] In a possible design, the configuration information indicates the union carrier identity.
[0044] In a possible design, the configuration information further indicates a frequency domain resource for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0045] In a possible design, the method further includes that the network node transmits an indication indicating that one or more of the at least two carriers are used for initial access procedure, or indicating that one or more of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are used for initial access procedure.
[0046] In a possible design, that the network node transmits configuration information includes that the network node transmits the SSB. The configuration information is carried in the SSB.
[0047] In a possible design, that the network node transmits configuration information includes that the network node transmits a system information block (SIB) . The configuration information is carried in the SIB.
[0048] According to a third aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus for has a function of implementing the first aspect. For example, the apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the first aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0049] According to a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the second aspect. For example, the communication apparatus includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for performing operations in the second aspect. The module, unit, or means may be specifically implemented by using software, may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using software in combination with hardware.
[0050] According to a fifth aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store a part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the first aspect. The one or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions is / are executed, the communication apparatus for is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect.
[0051] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0052] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include the memory.
[0053] The communication apparatus may be a sensing agent, a module in a sensing agent, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a sensing agent, for example, a modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or an SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem module.
[0054] According to a sixth aspect, another communication apparatus is described. The communication apparatus includes a memory and one or more processors. The memory is configured to store a part or all of a necessary computer program or instructions for implementing a function in the second aspect. The one or more processors may execute the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions is / are executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect.
[0055] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include an interface circuit, and the processor is configured to communicate with another apparatus or component through the interface circuit.
[0056] In some implementations, the communication apparatus may further include the memory.
[0057] The communication apparatus may be a base station, a module in a base station, or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station, for example, a modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or an SoC chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem module.
[0058] According to a seventh aspect, a communication system is described. The system includes an apparatus which is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect, and an which is enabled to implement the method in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect.
[0059] According to an eighth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is described. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions, and when a computer reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect to the second aspect.
[0060] According to a ninth aspect, this application provides a computer program product. When a computer reads and executes the computer program product, the computer is enabled to perform the method in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect to the second aspect.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0061] FIG. 1 illustrates an example for a communication system 100;
[0062] FIG. 2 illustrates another example for a communication system 100;
[0063] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration showing an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to an implementation of the present disclosure.;
[0064] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0065] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0066] FIG. 6 illustrates a diagram for time-frequency resource of SSB according to an implementation of this disclosure;
[0067] FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an implementation of present disclosure;
[0068] FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram of two carriers in frequency domain according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0069] FIG. 9 illustrates another diagram of two carriers in frequency domain according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0070] FIG. 10 illustrates another diagram of two carriers in frequency domain according to an implementation of the present disclosure;
[0071] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of configurations of at least two carriers in a union carrier according to an implementation of this disclosure;
[0072] FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1000 according to some implementations of the present application; and
[0073] FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 2000 according to some implementations of the present application. DESCRIPTION OF IMPLEMENTATIONS
[0074] The following describes technical solutions of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0075] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example communication system according to an implementation of the present disclosure, there is shown a communication system 100 that includes a radio access network (RAN) 120, one or more communication electronic devices (EDs) 10a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110e, 110f, 110g, 110h, 110i, 110j (collectively referred to as 110) , a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 . The RAN 120 may include, but is not limited to, a future generation RAN, or a legacy RAN such as, but not limited to, 5th generation (5G) , 4th generation (4G) , 3rd generation (3G) or 2nd generation (2G) radio access network. The RAN 120 may be, for example, an Evolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) , a NextGen RAN (NG RAN) , or some other type of RAN. Examples of RAN 120 based on the evolution of telecommunications standards include, but is not limited to, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and code division multiple access (CDMA) for 2G, universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) based on wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) and CDMA2000 for 3G, long-term evolution (LTE) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) for 4G, and new radio (NR) for 5G. In some implementations, The RAN 120 may use any radio access technology (RAT) in the wireless interface between the one or more EDs 110 and the RAN 120. In some implementations, the term “radio access” may refer to the future generation air interface standards which may include both terrestrial networks (TNs) and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) . These networks will be described in greater detail below in conjunction with various implementations. The one or more communication EDs 110 (also referred to as “user equipment” ) are configured to connect (e.g., communicatively couple) with each other or to one or more network nodes 170a, 170b (collectively referred to as 170) in the RAN 120. The core network (CN) 130 is a part of the communication system 100 and consists of network nodes (e.g., 170a , 170b) which provide support for the network features and telecommunication services. In some implementations, the CN 130 may be dependent on the RAT used in the communication system 100. In other implementations, the CN 130 may be access-agnostic, i.e., the CN 130 may be independent of the RAT used in the communication system 100. There are different types of CN 130, for different 3GPP system generations. For example, the CN 130 is the evolved packet core (EPC) in 4G, also known as the evolved packet system (EPS) . In another example, the CN 130 is the 5G Core (5GC) which was developed as part of the 5G System (5GS) . The CN 130 also enables integration of different 3GPP and non-3GPP access types. In some implementations and referring to FIG. 1, the CN 130 also provides the interface towards external networks that may include the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160 in the communication system 100.
[0076] In general, the communication system 100 facilitates interaction between multiple wireless or wired elements. The communication system 100 may transmit different types of content, such as voice, data, video, and / or text, through different transmission methods such as, but not limited to, broadcast, multicast, groupcast, and unicast. Additionally, the communication system 100 operates by allocating and / or sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, among its constituent elements.
[0077] The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications including, but not limited to, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services, Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) services, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) , immersive communication, Ultra-massive Machine-Type Communication (uMTC) , hyper reliable and low-latency communication, ubiquitous connectivity, integrated AI and communication, and other services that can be provided by a future generation communication system. The communication system 100 may provide other services and applications such as, but not limited to, earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility and the like.
[0078] The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system (or network) and / or a non-terrestrial communication system (or network) . The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through a joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or components thereof) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network comprising multiple layers. The heterogeneous network may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible functionality sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks. The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system could be considered as sub-systems of the communication system 100.
[0079] FIG. 2 illustrates another example communication system 100 according to an implementation of the present disclosure, there is shown the communication system 100 includes EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d (collectively referred to as ED 110) , RANs 120a, 120b, one or more CNs 130, a PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. Additionally, the communication system 100 may also include a non-terrestrial network (NTN) 120c. The RANs 120a and120b may include network nodes 170a and 170b respectively. Examples of network nodes 170a, 170b include base stations, which can be generally referred to as terrestrial network (TN) devices or terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs) 170a and 170b (collectively referred to as 170) . In this context, the terms "TRP" and "base station" are used interchangeably unless otherwise specified. For simplicity, this disclosure primarily refers to network nodes as base stations; however, unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to TRP are considered non-limiting and interchangeable. The T-TRPs 170a, 170b may be base stations mounted on a building or tower. In one implementation, the NTN 120c includes a RAN node such as a base station 172, which may be generally referred to as an NTN device, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, or a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.
[0080] In some implementations, the NT-TRP 172 is not attached to the ground, for example, as in the case of an airborne base station. An airborne base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a flying device. For example, a flying device may include, but is not limited to, an airborne platform (such as a blimp or an airship) , balloon, drone (such as quadcopter) , and other types of aerial vehicles. In some implementations, an airborne base station may be supported or carried by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , such as a drone. An airborne base station may be a moveable or mobile base station that can be flexibly deployed in different locations to meet network demand. A satellite base station is another example of a non-terrestrial base station. A satellite base station may be implemented using communication equipment supported or carried by a satellite. A satellite base station may also be referred to as an orbiting base station. High altitude platforms are yet another example of non-terrestrial base stations, including international mobile telecommunication base stations.
[0081] As referred to herein, and unless specified otherwise, a “TRP” may also refer to a T-TRP or an NT-TRP, a “T-TRP” may also refer to a “TN TRP” , and an “NT-TRP” may also refer to an “NTN TRP” . The NTN 120c may be considered a RAN, sharing operational aspects with RANs 120a, 120b. The NTN 120c may include at least one NTN device and at least one corresponding terrestrial network device. The at least one NTN device may function as a transport layer device and the at least one corresponding terrestrial network device may function as a RAN node, communicating with the ED 110 via the NTN device. Additionally, there may be an NTN gateway on the ground (referred to as a terrestrial network device) that also functions as a transport layer device facilitating communication with both the NTN device and the RAN node. The RAN node may communicate with the ED 110 via the NTN device and the NTN gateway. In some implementations, the NTN gateway and the RAN node may be located within the same device.
[0082] A base station 170 (also referred to as a TRP as stated above) is a network element within a radio access network responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from the ED (such as auser equipment) . In different implementations, the base station 170 may also be known as a base transceiver station (BTS) , a radio base station, a network node, a network device, a device on the network side, a transmit / receive node, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a Home eNodeB, a next Generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission point (TP) , a site controller, an access point (AP) , a wireless router, a relay station, a terrestrial node, a terrestrial network device, a terrestrial base station, a non-terrestrial node, a non-terrestrial network device, a non-terrestrial base station, and a positioning node, among other possibilities. The base station 170 may be a macro base station (BS) , a pico BS, a relay node, a donor node, or combinations thereof. When the base station 170 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the base station itself, one or more modules (or units) in the base station, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions within the base station.
[0083] The EDs 110a-110d and TRPs 170a-170b, 172 are examples of communication equipment configured to implement some or all of the operations and / or implementations described herein. The T-TRP 170a forms part of the RAN 120a, which may include other TRPs, and / or other devices. Also, the TRP 170b forms part of the RAN 120b, which may include other TRPs, and / or devices. Each TRP 170a, 170b may transmit and / or receive wireless signals within a particular geographic region or area, sometimes referred to as a “cell” or a “coverage area” . The TRPs 170a-170b may be responsible for allocating and / or configuring resources and transmission and / or reception in a set of cell (s) . A cell is a radio network object that can be uniquely identified by a cell identification that is broadcasted over a geographical region or area from base stations associated with the cell. A cell can work in either FDD or TDD mode. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors, and a base station 170a-170b may, for example, employ one or more transceivers to provide services to one or more sectors. Some implementations, may include pico or femto cells if supported by the radio access technology. In some implementations, one or more transceivers could be used for each cell, such as with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. The number of RANs 120a-120b shown is merely an example. Any number of RANs may be contemplated when designing the communication system 100.
[0084] A base station may be a single element, as shown in the figures, or multiple elements distributed throughout the corresponding RAN, or otherwise configured. In some implementations, a plurality of RAN nodes coordinates to assist the ED 110 in implementing radio access, and different RAN nodes separately implement and handle different functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node may be a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a CU-control plane (CP) , a CU-user plane (UP) , or a radio unit (RU) etc. The CU and the DU may be separately deployed, or included within the same element (i.e., a baseband unit (BBU) ) . The RU may be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit (i.e., a remote radio unit (RRU) , an active antenna unit (AAU) , or a remote radio head (RRH) ) . In different systems, the CU (or the CU-CP and the CU-UP) , the DU, or the RU may be known by different names, but their functions are understood by person skilled in the art. For example, in an open radio access network (ORAN) system, a CU may be referred to as an open CU (O-CU) , a DU may be referred to as an open DU (O-DU) , and a CU-CP may be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP) . The CU-UP may also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP) , and the RU may also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU) . Any one of the CU (or the CU-CP, the CU-UP) , the DU, and the RU may be implemented using a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.
[0085] Furthermore, communication between different devices / apparatuses in various implementations of this disclosure may refer to direct communication (that is, without the need of forwarding by another device / apparatus) , or may refer to communication (s) between different devices / apparatuses via another device / apparatus (that is, requiring forwarding by another device / apparatus) . Alternatively, such communication (s) may involve one functional unit inside a device / apparatus using another functional unit within the device / apparatus to communicate with another device / apparatus. In other words, phrases such as "sending (or transmitting) information to... (an ED or a base station) " in this disclosure may be understood as a destination endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including, sending / transmitting information directly or indirectly to an ED or a base station. Similarly, phrases like "receiving information from... (an ED or a base station) " may be understood as a source endpoint of the information being an ED or a base station, including directly or indirectly receiving information from an ED or a base station. Between the source endpoint that sends the information and the destination endpoint, necessary processing such as, but not limited to, format conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, amplification, and filtering may be performed on the information. However, the destination endpoint may understand valid information from the source endpoint. A similar understanding applies to other descriptions in this disclosure without reiterating details already described. In the present disclosure, the terms "send" and "transmit" may be used interchangeably in different implementations of this disclosure.
[0086] The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, and other entities. The ED 110 may be widely used in various scenarios including, but not limited to, cellular communications, device-to-device (D2D) , vehicle to everything (V2X) , peer-to-peer (P2P) , machine-to-machine (M2M) , MTC, internet of things (IoT) , virtual reality (VR) , augmented reality (AR) , mixed reality (MR) , metaverse, digital twin, industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, and autonomous delivery and mobility.
[0087] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end user device for wireless operation and may include such devices (or may be referred to as, but not limited to) a user equipment (UE) or a user device or a terminal device, a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) , a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a cellular telephone, a station (STA) , an MTC device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronics device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, or an IoT device, wearable devices (such as a watch, a pair of glasses, head mounted equipment, etc. ) , an industrial device, or an apparatus (such as a module, modem, or chip) in the forgoing devices, among other possibilities. Future generation EDs 110 may be referred to by other terms. When an ED 110 performs (or is configured to perform) a method described herein, it may be interpreted as the ED itself, one or more modules (or units) in the ED, a circuit or chip, or a combination thereof, performing the method. For example, the circuit or chip may include a modem chip, also referred to as a baseband chip, a system on chip (SoC) including a modem core, or system in package (SIP) ) , and the like, and may be responsible for one or more communication functions in the ED.
[0088] Each ED 110 connected to TRPs 170a-170b, and / or TRPs 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned-on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled) , turned-off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled) and / or configured in response to one of more of: connection availability and connection necessity.
[0089] Any ED 110 may be alternatively or additionally configured to interface, access, or communicate with any of the TRPs 170a, 170b and 172, the Internet 150, the CN 130, the PSTN 140, the other networks 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the ED 110a may communicate an uplink (UL) and / or downlink (DL) transmission over a terrestrial air interface 190a with station-TRP 170a. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d may also communicate directly with one another via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b. In some examples, the EDs 110a, 110d may communicate using an UL and / or DL transmission over a non-terrestrial air interface 190c with NT-TRP 172.
[0090] An air interface (such as, for example, 190a, 190b, 190c) generally includes a number of components and associated parameters that collectively specify how a transmission is to be sent and / or received over a wireless communications link between two or more communicating devices such as EDs and base station (s) . For example, an air interface may include one or more components defining the waveform (s) , frame structure (s) , multiple access scheme (s) , protocol (s) , coding scheme (s) and / or modulation scheme (s) for conveying information (such as, data) over a wireless communications link. The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technology, that may include any suitable radio access technology.
[0091] The non-terrestrial air interface 190c can enable communication between the EDs 110a, 110d and one or more NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or simply a link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs 110 and one or more NT-TRPs 172 for multicast transmission.
[0092] The TRPs 170a-170b, 172 may communicate with one another over one or more air interfaces 190e, 190f using wireless communication links (such as radio frequency (RF) , microwave, infrared (IR) , etc. ) or wired communication links. The air interfaces 190e, 190f may utilize any suitable radio access technology, and may be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c over which the EDs 110a-110d communicate with one or more of the TRP 170a-170b, 172 or they may be substantially different. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , code division multiple access (CDMA) , Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) , Low Density Signature Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (LDS-MC-CDMA) , non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) , pattern division multiple access (PDMA) , lattice partition multiple access (LPMA) , resource spread multiple access (RSMA) , and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) .
[0093] The RANs 120a and 120b are in communication with the CN 130 to provide the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c with various services such as voice, data, multimedia, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the CN 130 may be in direct or indirect communication with one or more other RANs (not shown) , which may or may not be directly served by the CN 130, and may employ different radio access technologies from RAN 120a and / or RAN 120b. The CN 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b and / or the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c, and (ii) other networks (such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and the other networks 160) . In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. For example, the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c communicate using different cellular communications protocols, such as, but not limited to, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol, a code-division multiple access (CDMA) network protocol, a Push-to-Talk (PTT) protocol, a PTT over Cellular (POC) protocol, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) protocol, a 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) protocol, a fifth generation (5G) protocol, a new radio (NR) protocol, and the like. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition thereto) , the EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may communicate using wired communication channels to a service provider or switch (not shown) , and / or to the Internet 150. The PSTN 140 may include circuit switched telephone networks for providing plain old telephone service (POTS) . The Internet 150 may include a network of computers and subnets (intranets) or both, and incorporate protocols, such as internet protocol (IP) , transmission control protocol (TCP) , user datagram protocol (UDP) . EDs 110a 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operation according to multiple radio access technologies, and may incorporate one or multiple transceivers necessary to support such.
[0094] In addition, the communication system 100 may comprise a sensing agent (not shown) to manage the sensed data from ED 110 and / or any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In one implementation, the sensing agent may be part of any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. In another implementation, the sensing agent is a separate node that can communicate with the CN 130 and / or the RAN 120 (such as any one of TRPs 170a, 170b, 172) .
[0095] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration showing an apparatus 310 wirelessly communicating with another apparatus 320 within a communication system (e.g., the communication system 100) according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 310 may be an electronic device (such as ED 110) . The apparatus 320 may be a network node (e, g., the network node 170) such as T-TRP 170 or an NT-TRP 172. Although only one apparatus 310, and one apparatus 320 are shown in the figure, the number of apparatus 310 and / or number of apparatus 320 can vary, potentially including one or more of each. For example, a single ED 110 may be served by a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) , or by multiple T-TRPs 170 (or multiple NT-TRPs 172) . Similarly, a single ED 110 may be served by one or more T-TRPs 170 and one or more NT-TRPs 172. Similarly, a single T-TRP 170 (or a single NT-TRP 172) may serve one or more EDs 110.
[0096] The apparatus 310 may include one or more processors 210. For clarity and to avoid overcrowding the illustration, only a single processor 210 is illustrated. The apparatus 310 may further include a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. For clarity, only a single antenna 204 is illustrated. One, some, or all of the antennas 204 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated into a single unit, for example, as a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to modulate data or other content for transmission by the one or more antennas 204 or a network interface controller (NIC) . The transceiver may also be configured to demodulate data or other content received by the one or more antennas 204. A transceiver may include any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received through wireless or wired communication. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals. The apparatus 310 may include a memory 208. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 may include multiple memories 208. Only a single transmitter 201, receiver 203, processor 210, memory 208, and antenna 204 is illustrated for simplicity, but the apparatus 310 may include one or more other components. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the transceiver (or transmitter 201 and / or receiver 203) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0097] The memory 208 is configured to store instructions used to perform operations described herein. The memory 208 may also be configured to store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 310. For example, the memory 208 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or operations described herein and that which are executed by the one or more processors 210.
[0098] The apparatus 310 may further include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces. The input / output devices or interfaces facilitate interaction with a user or other devices in the network. Each input / output device or interface includes suitable components for facilitating transmission of information to a user and reception of information from a user, and for various network interface communications. Such components may include, but are not limited to, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, touch screen, and the like.
[0099] The processor 210 may be configured to perform (or control the apparatus 310 to perform) operations (or methods) described herein as being performed by the apparatus 310. For example, the processor 210 performs or controls the apparatus 310 to perform the operations of: a) receiving one or more transport blocks (TBs) , b) using a resource for decoding at least one of the received TBs, c) releasing the resource for decoding another of the received TBs, and / or d) receiving configuration information configuring a resource. Specifically, the operations may include tasks related to: preparing a transmission for UL transmission to the apparatus 320, processing DL transmissions received from the apparatus 320, and handling SL transmission to and from another apparatus 310. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for UL transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing DL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating and decoding received symbols. Processing operations related to processing SL transmissions may include operations such as, but not limited to, transmit / receive beamforming, modulating / demodulating and encoding / decoding symbols. Depending upon the implementation, a DL transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the DL transmission (such as by detecting and / or decoding the signaling) . An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 implements the transmit beamforming and / or the receive beamforming based on the indication of beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI) , received from the apparatus 320. In some implementations, the processor 210 may be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, which includes operations for detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding and obtaining the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, such as using a reference signal received from the apparatus 320.
[0100] Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 210 may either be a part of the transmitter 201 or a part of the receiver 203 or a part of both the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the memory 208 may be a part of the processor 210.
[0101] The processor 210, along with the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by one or more processors that may the same or different. These processors are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (such as in the memory 208) .
[0102] The apparatus 320 includes one or more processors 260 (only one processor 260 is illustrated) . The apparatus 320 may further include one or more transmitters 252 and one or more receivers 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only a single antenna 256 is illustrated to avoid clutter in the illustration. One, some, or all of the antennas 256 may alternatively be panels. In some implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 are separate from each other. In other implementations, the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a single unit such as, for example, as a transceiver. The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may include multiple memories 258. The apparatus 320 may further include a scheduler 253. Only a single transmitter 252, receiver 254, processor 260, memory 258, antenna 256 and scheduler 253 are illustrated for simplicity, however the apparatus 320 may include one or more other components. In the present disclosure, in some implementations, the transceiver (or transmitter 252 and / or receiver254) may be viewed as an interface circuit.
[0103] In some implementations, various components of the apparatus 320 may be distributed. For example, some of the modules of the apparatus 320 may be located remotely from the equipment housing the antennas 256 for the apparatus 320 (and therefore also can be viewed as one or more nodes) . These modules, which can be considered as one or more nodes, may be coupled to the equipment that houses the antennas 256 over a communication link (not shown) , sometimes referred to as front haul, such as the common public radio interface (CPRI) . Therefore, in some implementations, the term apparatus 320 may also refer to network-side nodes that perform processing operations such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, resource allocation (scheduling) , message generation, and encoding / decoding, and that which are not necessarily part of the equipment that houses the antennas 256 of the apparatus 320. The nodes may also be coupled to other apparatuses 320. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may actually be a plurality of nodes that are operating together to serve the apparatus 310, such as through the use of coordinated multipoint transmissions, or through the use of ORAN system as described above in the disclosure.
[0104] The processor 260 is configured to perform operations including those related to: preparing a transmission for DL transmission to the apparatus 310, processing an UL transmission received from the apparatus 310, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to another apparatus 320, and processing a transmission received over backhaul from another apparatus 320. Processing operations related to preparing a transmission for DL or backhaul transmission may include operations such as, but not limited to, encoding, modulating, precoding (such as MIMO precoding) , transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the UL or over backhaul may include operations such as, but not limited to, receive beamforming, demodulating received symbols, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also be configured to perform operations relating to network access (such as initial access) and / or DL synchronization, such as generating the content of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) , generating the system information, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 is further configured to generate an indication of beam direction, such as BAI, which may be scheduled for transmission by the scheduler 253 which will be described below. In some implementations, the processor 260 implements the transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (such as BAI) received from another apparatus 320. The processor 260 is configured to perform other network side processing operations described herein, such as, but not limited to, determining the location of the apparatus 310, determining where to deploy another apparatus 320, and the like. In some implementations, the processor 260 may generate signaling data, to configure one or more parameters of the apparatus 310 and / or one or more parameters of another apparatus 320. Any signaling data generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 implements physical layer processing. In some implementations, the apparatus 320 may perform higher layer functions such as those at the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layers in addition to physical layer processing. In the apparatus 320, the scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260 or integrated within the processor 260. In some implemenations, the scheduler 253 may be integrated within the apparatus 320 or may be operated separately from the apparatus 320. The scheduler 253 may schedule UL, DL, SL, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (such as “configured grant” ) resources.
[0105] The apparatus 320 may further include a memory 258 that is configured to store instructions for performing the operations described herein. The memory 258 may also store data that is used, generated, or collected by the apparatus 320. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules configured to implement some or all of the functionalities and / or implementations described herein and that which are executed by the processor 260.
[0106] Although not illustrated, the processor 260 may be implemented as part of the transmitter 252 and / or a part of the receiver 254. Although not illustrated, in some implementations, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253 andthe memory 258 may be implemeted as part of the processor 260.
[0107] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, the processing components of the transmitter 252, and the processing components of the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, such as in the memory 258.
[0108] The apparatus 320 and / or the apparatus 310 may include other components, not shown or described herein for the sake of clarity.
[0109] Note that the term “signaling” , as used herein, may alternatively be referred to as control signaling, control message, control information, or message for simplicity. Signaling between a base station (such as the TRP 170a. 170b, 172) and a UE or sensing device (such as ED 110) , or signaling between a different UE or sensing device (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be carried in physical layer signaling (also called as dynamic signaling) , which is transmitted in a physical layer control channel. For DL, the physical layer signaling may be known as downlink control information (DCI) which is transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) . For UL, the physical layer signaling may be known as uplink control information (UCI) which is transmitted in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) . For SL, signaling between different UEs or sensing devices (such as between ED 110a and ED 110b) may be known as SL control information (SCI) which is transmitted in a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) . Signaling may be carried in a higher layer (such as higher than physical layer) signaling, which is transmitted in a physical layer data channel, such as in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for downlink signaling, in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for uplink signaling, and in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) for SL signaling. Higher layer signaling may also be called static signaling, or semi-static signaling. The higher layer signaling may include radio resource control (RRC) protocol signaling or media access control -control element (MAC-CE) signaling. Signaling may be included in a combination of physical layer signaling and higher layer signaling.
[0110] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, “information” , when different from “message” , may be carried within a single message, or may be carried in multiple separate messages.
[0111] FIG. 4 illustrates an example apparatus 410 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 410 may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device such as the ED 110 or the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172. For example, the apparatus 410 implemented in an ED may be an integrated circuit, which in some instances may be referred to as a chip, a modem, a modem chip, a baseband chip, or a baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus 410 can include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within the ED 110, or within the apparatus 310. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be a module within one of the TRPs 170a, 170b, 172, or the apparatus 320.
[0112] In an example, the apparatus 410 may include one or more processors 411, and an interface circuit 412. The apparatus 410 may further include a memory 413. The one or more processors 411 are configured to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. The memory 413 is configured to store at least a part of corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In an example, the one or more processors 411 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 413 to implement related operations (for example, inputting, outputting, receiving, and transmitting) in the method embodiments disclosed herein. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store all of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data for execution by the one or more processors 411. In some implementations, the memory 413 being configured to store the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 413 is configured to store a part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. For example, the part of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may include computer program instructions and / or data that need to be currently executed by the one or more processors 411. Thus, the memory 413 may store different parts of computer program instructions and / or data for a plurality of times for the one or more processors 411 to perform related operations in the method embodiments disclosed herein. As a communication interface, the interface circuit 412 is configured to implement communication with another component. For example, the interface circuit 412 may communicate a signal with another apparatus or system, such as a radio frequency processing apparatus or another processor. The signal may include or carry information intended as a payload, such as user data, control information, etc. The signal may also include or carry information useful to a receiver, but not necessarily as a payload, such as a pilot signal or reference signal. Communicating the signal may include transmitting the signal to another component or device. Communicating the signal may additionally or alternatively include receiving the signal from another component or device. Transmitting the signal may include outputting the signal to a component or device that is directly or indirectly coupled to the interface circuit 412. Receiving the signal may include inputting or obtaining the signal from a component or device that is directly or indirectly couped to the interface circuit 412. Optionally, to reduce a load of the one or more processors, a baseband signal processing circuit 414 may be also disposed to implement processing of at least a part of baseband signals, including signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, decoding, or the like.
[0113] The apparatus 410 may be the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) , in some scenarios, or may be included within the processor 210 (or 260) within the apparatus 310 (or 320) in some scenarios. The apparatus 410 may be a baseband chip or may include a baseband chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be independently packaged into a chip. In some implementations, the apparatus 310 (or 320) includes different types of chips. The apparatus 410 may be packaged into a processor chip (for example, an SoC chip or an SIP chip) with the different types of chips. In some implementations, the apparatus 410 may be packaged into a chip with some or all of circuits of a radio frequency processing system that may further be included in the apparatus 310 (or 320) .
[0114] FIG. 5 illustrates example apparatus 510 according to an implementation of the present disclosure. The apparatus 510 may include corresponding modules or units configured to implement methods and / or implementations described herein. In some implementations, the apparatus 510 includes a processing unit 512 and a communication unit 513. Optionally, the apparatus 510 may further include a storage unit 511 configured to store apparatus program code (or instructions) and / or data.
[0115] The apparatus 510 may be an ED side apparatus, for example, an ED or a module in an ED, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in an ED. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be the apparatus 310. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 210. The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 208.
[0116] The apparatus 510 may be a base station side apparatus, for example, a base station or a module in a base station, or a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function in a base station. In some implementations, apparatus 510 may be apparatus 320. The processing unit 512 may be the processor 260 (the scheduler 253 may also be included) . The communication unit 513 may comprise a receiving unit and / or a transmitting unit. The receiving unit and / or the transmitting unit may be the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254 respectively. The storage unit 511 may be the memory 258.
[0117] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is an ED 110 or a module in an ED 110, a function of the apparatus 510 may be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit.
[0118] In some implementations, when the apparatus 510 is a circuit or a chip that is responsible for a communication function in an ED 110, such as a modem chip, a system on chip (SoC) chip or an SIP chip that includes a modem core -a function of the processing unit 512 may be implemented by a circuit system within the chip which includes one or more processors. A function of the communication unit 513 may be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the chip.
[0119] It may be understood that the units in the apparatus 510 may be logical or functional. Each function may correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions may be integrated into a single functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some of the units may be integrated into a single physical entity, or may be distributed across different physical entities. In addition, the functional units may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this disclosure.
[0120] In an example, a functional unit in any one of the apparatuses may be configured as one or more integrated circuits for implementing the methods disclosed herein, for example, as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits, ASICs) , one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more microprocessors or microprocessor units (MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers or microcontroller units (MCUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , or a combination of these.
[0121] In an example, the storage unit 511 may include a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, and / or a register.
[0122] A processor may be referred to as a processor system, an application processor, a baseband processor, a processor circuit, or a processor core. The processor may include one or a combination of one or more central processing units (CPUs) , one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) , one or more microprocessors (microprocessor units, MPUs) , one or more microcontrollers (microcontroller units, MCUs) , one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) , one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , one or more artificial intelligence processors (AI processors) , or one or more neural network processing units (NPUs) .
[0123] Memory or a storage unit may include one or more of the following storage media: a random access memory (RAM) , a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a phase-change memory (PCM) , a resistive random access memory (resistive RAM, ReRAM) , a magnetoresistive random access memory (magnetoresistive RAM, MRAM) , a ferroelectric random access memory (ferroelectric RAM, FRAM) , a cache, a register, a read-only memory (ROM) , a flash memory (flash memory) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable programmable ROM, EPROM) , a hard disk, and the like. In an example, computer program instructions used to execute embodiments may be stored in a non-volatile memory, for example, at least a part of a memory or storage unit (for example, one or more of a ROM, a flash memory, an EPROM, or a hard disk) . When a terminal runs, a part or all of corresponding computer program instructions may be loaded to a memory that has a higher transmission speed with the processor, for example, at least a part of a memory or a storage unit (for example, one or more of a RAM, an SRAM, a DRAM, a PCM, a RERAM, an MRAM, a FRAM, a cache, or a register) , so that the processor executes the computer program instructions to perform the steps in the method embodiments disclosed herein.
[0124] For ease of understanding of the implementations of this application, the following briefly describes several terms used in this application.
[0125] 1) Frame structure
[0126] A frame structure is a feature of the wireless communication physical layer that defines a time domain signal transmission structure, e.g. to allow for timing reference and timing alignment of basic time domain transmission units. Wireless communication between communicating devices may occur on time-frequency resources governed by a frame structure. The frame structure may sometimes instead be called a radio frame structure.
[0127] Depending upon the frame structure and / or configuration of frames in the frame structure, frequency division duplex (FDD) and / or time-division duplex (TDD) and / or full duplex (FD) communication may be possible. FDD communication is when transmissions in different directions (e.g. uplink vs. downlink) occur in different frequency bands. TDD communication is when transmissions in different directions (e.g. uplink vs. downlink) occur over different time durations. FD communication is when transmission and reception occur on the same time-frequency resource, i.e. a device can both transmit and receive on the same frequency resource concurrently in time.
[0128] One example of a frame structure is a frame structure in long-term evolution (LTE) having the following specifications: each frame is 10ms in duration; each frame has 10 subframes, which are each 1ms in duration; each subframe includes two slots, each of which is 0.5ms in duration; each slot is for transmission of 7 OFDM symbols (assuming normal CP); each OFDM symbol has a symbol duration and a particular bandwidth (or partial bandwidth or bandwidth partition) related to the number of subcarriers and subcarrier spacing; the frame structure is based on OFDM waveform parameters such as subcarrier spacing and CP length (where the CP has a fixed length or limited length options) ; and the switching gap between uplink and downlink in TDD has to be the integer time of OFDM symbol duration.
[0129] Another example of a frame structure is a frame structure in new radio (NR) having the following specifications: multiple subcarrier spacings are supported, each subcarrier spacing corresponding to a respective numerology; the frame structure depends on the numerology, but in any case the frame length is set at 10ms, and consists of ten subframes of 1ms each; a slot is defined as 14 OFDM symbols, and slot length depends upon the numerology. For example, the NR frame structure for normal CP 15 kHz subcarrier spacing ( “numerology 1” ) and the NR frame structure for normal CP 30 kHz subcarrier spacing ( “numerology 2” ) are different. For 15 kHz subcarrier spacing a slot length is 1ms, and for 30 kHz subcarrier spacing a slot length is 0.5ms. The NR frame structure may have more flexibility than the LTE frame structure.
[0130] 2) Cell / Carrier / Bandwidth Parts (BWPs) / Occupied Bandwidth:
[0131] A device, such as a base station, may provide coverage over a cell. Wireless communication with the device may occur over one or more carrier frequencies. A carrier frequency will be referred to as a carrier. A carrier may alternatively be called a component carrier (CC) . A carrier may be characterized by its bandwidth and a reference frequency, e.g. the center or lowest or highest frequency of the carrier. A carrier may be on licensed or unlicensed spectrum. Wireless communication with the device may also or instead occur over one or more bandwidth parts (BWPs) . For example, a carrier may have one or more BWPs. More generally, wireless communication with the device may occur over spectrum. The spectrum may comprise one or more carriers and / or one or more BWPs.
[0132] A cell may include one or multiple downlink resources and optionally one or multiple uplink resources, or a cell may include one or multiple uplink resources and optionally one or multiple downlink resources, or a cell may include both one or multiple downlink resources and one or multiple uplink resources. As an example, a cell might only include one downlink carrier / BWP, or only include one uplink carrier / BWP, or include multiple downlink carriers / BWPs, or include multiple uplink carriers / BWPs, or include one downlink carrier / BWP and one uplink carrier / BWP, or include one downlink carrier / BWP and multiple uplink carriers / BWPs, or include multiple downlink carriers / BWPs and one uplink carrier / BWP, or include multiple downlink carriers / BWPs and multiple uplink carriers / BWPs.
[0133] 3) synchronization signal and PBCH block SSB
[0134] Synchronization signal (SS) : The synchronization signal is used to achieve time-frequency synchronization between a user equipment (UE) and a network node, as well as to detect the physical identity (ID) of the cell. The synchronization signal includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and / or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) , where PSS is used for the UE to perform time-frequency synchronization and cell detection. SSS is used to transmit the physical ID of the cell. PSS and SSS can also be combined together to achieve the above functions.
[0135] Physical broadcasting channel (PBCH) : The PBCH is used for transmitting main system information, such as a small amount of important information, methods for obtaining information from other systems, etc.
[0136] Synchronization signal / PBCH block (SSB) can also be referred to as a synchronization signal block, it includes synchronization signals SS and / or PBCH, used for time synchronization, detection of cell physical IDs, acquisition of main system information, etc.
[0137] In a wireless network, upon user equipment (UE) powers on or wakes up from a power saving / sleep mode such as radio resource control (RRC) Inactive or Idle mode, it may start to search SSB signals from a network node such as a base station (BS) or a transmission and receiving point (TRP) for synchronization, receiving the system information such as master information block (MIB) , system information block (SIB) , etc., group common signal or paging information, and then taking actions accordingly. Taking 5G NR as an example, a detailed procedure may include the following:
[0138] 1. Synchronization with a cell:
[0139] SSBs are periodically transmitted by gNB (next-generation Node B) and carries important information such as cell identity for initial access.
[0140] The UE starts by searching synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) in the pre-defined (or configured) frequency points.
[0141] The UE performs a blind search across multiple frequency bands and frequency points to detect the SSBs, for example, the synchronization search may be based on frequency points in predefined synchronization raster for different frequency bands.
[0142] 2. SSB detection and measurement:
[0143] Upon detecting an SSB, the UE may measure the received signal strength (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP) ) and signal quality (e.g., signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) ) to evaluate the cell's suitability.
[0144] The UE may also decode the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carried by the SSB to obtain the master information block (MIB) , which contains essential access system information.
[0145] 3. Frequency band and bandwidth detection:
[0146] Based on a detected SSB, the UE can determine the frequency band and bandwidth of the cell.
[0147] In NR, an SSB carries information about the frequency range (e.g., frequency range 1 (FR1) or FR2) and the channel bandwidth (e.g., 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 100 MHz) .
[0148] In the future, as the amount of UEs increasing, one carrier may have high traffic with UEs during an initial access procedure. In addition, the entry loadings may vary largely over different carriers. So, in future wireless network, more spectrum may be used, thus one or more CCs may be configured to associate with a single carrier to form a unified carrier which can also be referred to as a union carrier, or Uni-C. The unified carrier, for example, may be used to perform single-carrier like operation with wider channel bandwidth or using large fast Fourier transform (FFT) size, such as 4096, 8192, 12288, etc. The one or more CCs are used for the initial access procedure. Or, one or more sub-bands in one carrier may be used for the initial access procedure. As a result, during initial access procedure, upon a UE synchronizing with a network node such as a BS or a TRP, the network node may provide information on configuring the unified carrier with multiple CCs, including one or more CCs to be indicated for PRACH procedure. Or, upon a UE synchronizing with a network node, the network node may provide information on the one or more sub-bands of a carrier, including at least one sub-band to be dedicated for PRACH procedure.
[0149] FIG. 6 illustrates a diagram for time-frequency resource of SSB according to an implementation of this disclosure.
[0150] In FIG. 6, upon synchronization with one SSB of a cell, UE may obtain the system information associated with the SSB and the cell, where the system information may configure a carrier (CC) and PRACH time-frequency resources or PRACH occasions. The system information is decoded from PBCH in the SSB. UE may perform PRACH process in the CC for an initial access and set up a connection with network. In the future, a carrier may have high traffic with more UEs in an initial access procedure. So, a congestion or a collision during the initial access procedure may happen.
[0151] Thus, at least two carrier or at least two sub-bands in a carrier may be needed to be used for the initial access procedure to avoid the congestion or the collision. And how to configure at least two frequency resources for an initial access procedure is needed to be solved in this application.
[0152] The following describes the implementations of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0153] In the implementations of this application, a time-frequency resource may be referred to as any one of: a resource, a time-frequency domain resource, a time-frequency resource set, or a time-frequency resource block.
[0154] Referring to FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an implementation of present disclosure. The method may be performed by a terminal node, or performed by a chip, a circuit, or a processing system configured in the terminal node. The method applies the terminal node as an example of a conducting entity. The method may also be performed by a network node, or performed by a chip, a circuit, or a processing system configured in the network node. The method applied the network node as an example of a conducting entity.
[0155] For example, the terminal node can be one of communication EDs described in FIG. 1. And the network node can be a base station or a TRP.
[0156] At step 710, the network node transmits, and accordingly, the terminal node receives configuration information.
[0157] The configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) .
[0158] Before step 710, the network node obtains the configuration information
[0159] In some implementations, a part or all of the at least two carriers or a part or all of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are allocated to be used for the initial access procedure.
[0160] For example, the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier may be used for at least one or more of communication, sensing, or initial access procedure.
[0161] In some examples, one or more CCs, which include the at least two carriers, may be used for system operations such as communication and / or sensing, and / or the one or more CCs may be configured with one or more PRACH time-frequency resources to be used for initial access procedure.
[0162] In some implementation, the terminal node receives and decodes the SSB to obtain the configuration information. The frequency resource of the SSB may be related to the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0163] In some implementations, the network node transmits, and accordingly, the terminal node receives the SSB. wherein the configuration information is carried in the SSB.
[0164] In some implementations, the network node transmits, and accordingly, the terminal node receives a system information block (SIB) , wherein the configuration information is carried in the SIB.
[0165] In one implementation, after synchronization with a SSB signal, a UE, which is an example of the terminal node, may obtain system information comprising a carrier component (CC) and one PRACH configuration, which can be referred to as configuration information described above, in the CC for random access procedure.
[0166] In some implementations, the at least two carriers belong to a union carrier. The union carrier is associated with a union carrier identity.
[0167] In other words, the at least two carriers can be configured to form the union carrier, or the union carrier can include the at least two carriers.
[0168] In some implementations, the configuration information indicates the union carrier identity.
[0169] The configuration information may further indicate a carrier identity for each carrier in the at least two carriers.
[0170] For example, a configuration, which can be referred to as the configuration information, of a unified carrier with one or more CCs may include a unified carrier identification (or identity) and / or a CC index (or identification) for each CC.
[0171] As such, the union carrier identity may allow for the terminal node to determine the at least two carriers allocated to be used for the initial access procedure.
[0172] In a possible implementation, the configuration information may further indicate one or more time and frequency resources used for the initial access procedure. The one or more time and frequency resources may include the at least two carriers.
[0173] For example, the configuration, which can be referred to as the configuration information, may include one or more PRACH time and frequency resources, often referred to as PRACH occasions, with a CC. Upon a UE synchronizing with a network node, the UE may be indicated to perform PRACH procedure in one of CCs in the unified carrier.
[0174] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates a frequency domain resource for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0175] For example, the configuration information may include a frequency range for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier. Or, the configuration information may include a frequency index for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier. The implementation of this application does not limit the specific functions to indicate the frequency domain resource for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0176] As such, the at least two sub-bands allocated to be used for the initial procedure can be determined by the terminal node.
[0177] For a configuration, which can be referred to as the configuration information, of a unified carrier, which is also referred to as the union carrier described above, comprising one or more CCs for one or more operations such as communication, sensing, etc.. When a UE which is an example of the terminal node synchronizes with a reference frequency from a frequency raster, a network node associated with the reference frequency may configure the unified carrier with the one or more CCs network node, by, e.g., system information such as a system information block (SIB) , group common signaling such as paging, communication based signaling, sensing based signaling, etc.
[0178] In some implementations, the configuration of the unified carrier with the one or more CCs may be optionally predefined by standards.
[0179] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates one or more numerologies for one of the at least two carriers, or one or more numerologies for one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0180] In other words, one of the at least two carriers or one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier may be configured with the one or more numerologies to use. One numerology may include at least one of a subcarrier spacing (SCS) such as 15kHz, 30kHz, etc., or a cyclic period (CP) such as normal or extended CP for OFDM signal.
[0181] As such, one carrier with one or more numerologies may allow for the terminal node to flexibly choose the suitable numerology to use during the initial access procedure.
[0182] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates one or more numerologies for two or more of the at least two carriers, or one or more numerologies for two or more of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0183] In some implementations, numerologies of two or more carriers in the at least two carriers are different; or numerologies of two or more sub-bands in the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are different.
[0184] For example, moreover or alternatively, the one or more CCs in the unified carrier may be configured or indicated to associate with different numerologies, for example, subcarrier spacing of n *1.25kHz, m*15kHz, etc. with varying cyclic prefix (CP) lengths, where n or m is a positive integer; the different numerologies may serve, e.g., to satisfy different devices or mobility requirements.
[0185] As such, different numerologies of the at least two carriers or different numerologies of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier may allow for the terminal node to use the suitable carrier to perform the initial access procedure based on the requirement of the terminal node. For example, a slow mobility UE may use a numerology with a smaller subcarrier spacing for the initial access procedure and a fast mobility UE may use a numerology with a bigger subcarrier spacing for the initial access procedure.
[0186] In some implementations, the two or more carriers may overlap in a frequency domain; or the two sub-bands may overlap in a frequency domain.
[0187] In other words, the two or more carriers in the at least two carriers with different numerologies overlap in a frequency domain. Or the two or more sub-bands in the at least two sub-bands in the carrier with different numerologies overlap in a frequency domain.
[0188] In a possible implementation, the two or more carriers partially overlap in a frequency domain. Or the two sub-bands partially overlap in a frequency domain.
[0189] As such, if two or more carriers or two or more sub-bands overlap in the frequency domain, the resource allocated to be used for the initial access procedure may be reduced in the frequency domain.
[0190] For a configuration, which can be referred to as the configuration information, of a unified carrier, which is also referred to as a union carrier described above, with one or more CCs, one or more Point As may be used to determine frequency domain (center) locations of the one or more CCs and their individual frequency resource block (RB) allocations in each CC. In this application, Point A, as a reference point to figure out carrier frequency domain locations, is used for determining a center frequency of a carrier, and / or starting and ending frequency resources of the carrier.
[0191] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates at least two reference points associated with the at least two carriers respectively; wherein the at least two reference points are used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers respectively.
[0192] In other words, each of the at least two carriers may correspond to a unique reference point which is used to determine the each of the at least two carriers in frequency domain.
[0193] In a possible implementation, a frequency resource of one of the at least two carriers may be determined based on a unique reference point, a frequency offset between the unique reference point and a frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers, and a frequency range of the one of the at least two carriers. The frequency range can also be referred to as a bandwidth of the one of the at least two carriers.
[0194] Noted that, the frequency offset and / or the frequency range corresponding to one of the at least two carriers can be indicated by the configuration information or predefined or preconfigured, e.g., in the standards. This application does not limit this. And optionally, the reference point of the one of the at least two carriers may also be predefined or preconfigured.
[0195] In a possible implementation, the frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers is a center of the one of the at least two carriers. Or, the frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers is a boundary point of the frequency range of the one of the at least two carriers. The boundary point may be the bottom frequency point or the top frequency point of the frequency range of the one of the at least two carriers.
[0196] In other implementations, one or more CCs, which may include the at least two carriers described above, in a unified carrier (or union carrier, Uni-C) are determined their frequency domain resources based on one or more reference points, where each reference point (for frequency) is referred to Point A. One Point A is a reference point that serves as a common reference for all resource grids in frequency domain, where Point A, which is an example of the reference point, is the center of subcarrier 0 of common resource block 0 of the lowest resource grid; and it is used to define a starting point for resource grids in the frequency domain. As a result, Point A helps in the allocation of frequency resources and is crucial for determining CC frequency resources during the initial access procedure.
[0197] FIG. 8 illustrates a diagram of two carriers in frequency domain according to an implementation of the present disclosure.
[0198] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, UE, which is an example of the terminal node, is configured with two CCs (CC1 and CC2) in a unified carrier, which is referred to as a union carrier described above, with Point A1 and Point A2, respectively, where the center frequency of CC1 is determined based on common resource block #0 (CRB #0) at Point A1 and RB offset from Point A1 (CRB_#x) , and the carrier (CC1) bandwidth, BW, is determined based on the number of RBs in the CC1 BW. As shown in FIG. 8, the RB offset is between Point A1 and lowest frequency point of CC1. FIG. 8 is an example. Similar to CC1, the center frequency of CC2 is determined based on common resource block #0 (CRB #0) at Point A2 and RB offset from Point A2 (CRB_#y) , and the carrier (CC2) bandwidth, BW, is determined based on the number of RBs in the CC2 BW.In some examples, CC1 and CC2 may be located at same or different frequency bands. If CC1 and CC2 are at two different frequency band, for example, band1 and band2, respectively, Point A1 is located at CRB#0 associated with band1 and Point A2 is located at CRB#0 associated with band2 respectively.
[0199] In a possible implementation, a frequency resource of one of the at least two carriers may be determined based on a unique reference point, a frequency offset between the unique reference point and a bottom frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers, and a frequency offset between the unique reference point and a top frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers.
[0200] Noted that, at least one of the two frequency offsets corresponding to the one of the at least two carriers can be indicated by the configuration information or predefined or preconfigured. This application does not limit this. And optionally, the reference point of the one of the at least two carriers may also be predefined or preconfigured.
[0201] As such, the at least two carriers may be determined based on different reference points respectively so that the at least two carriers can be applied more flexibly.
[0202] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates a common reference point associated with the at least two carriers. The common reference point is used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers.
[0203] In other words, the at least two carriers share the common reference point. And the at least two carriers can be determined based on the common reference point.
[0204] In a possible implementation, a frequency resource of one of the at least two carrier may be determined based on the common reference point, a frequency offset between the common reference point and a frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers, and a frequency range of the one of the at least two carriers. The frequency range can also be referred to as a bandwidth of the one of the at least two carriers.
[0205] Noted that, the frequency offset and / or the frequency range corresponding to one of the at least two carriers can be indicated by the configuration information or predefined or preconfigured. This application does not limit this. And optionally, the common reference point of the one of the at least two carriers may also be predefined or preconfigured.
[0206] For example, the frequency point in the one of the at least two carrier is a center of the one of the at least two carriers. Or, the frequency point in the one of the at least two carrier is a boundary point of the frequency range of the one of the at least two carriers. The boundary point may be the bottom frequency point or the top frequency point of the frequency range of the one of the at least two carriers.
[0207] FIG. 9 illustrates another diagram of two carriers in frequency domain according to an implementation of the present disclosure.
[0208] In other examples as shown in FIG. 9, UE, which is an example of the terminal node, is configured with two CCs (CC1 and CC2) in a unified carrier, which is referred to as a union carrier described above, with (single) Point A. This can be a case where CC1 and CC2 in the unified carrier may be located closely or at same frequency band. Similarly to earlier case shown in FIG. 8, the center frequency of CC1 or CC2 is determined based on common resource block #0 (CRB #0) at Point A and RB offset from Point A, CRB_#x or CRB_#y. Carrier component CC1 or CC2 bandwidth, BW, is determined based on the number of RBs in the CC1 BW or CC2 BW.
[0209] In a possible implementation, a frequency resource of one of the at least two carriers may be determined based on the common reference point, a frequency offset between the common reference point and a bottom frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers, and a frequency offset between the common reference point and a top frequency point in the one of the at least two carriers.
[0210] Noted that, at least one of the two frequency offsets corresponding to the one of the at least two carriers can be indicated by the configuration information or predefined or preconfigured. This application does not limit this. And optionally, the common reference point of the one of the at least two carriers may also be predefined or preconfigured.
[0211] As such, the at least two carriers may be determined based on the same reference point so that the signaling overhead can be at least saved.
[0212] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates a common reference point associated with the at least two carriers and numerologies of two carriers in the at least two carriers are different. The common reference point is used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers.
[0213] FIG. 10 illustrates another diagram of two carriers in frequency domain according to an implementation of the present disclosure.
[0214] In some implementations as shown in FIG. 10, UE, which is an example of the terminal node, is configured with two CCs (CC1 and CC2) in a unified carrier, which is referred to as a union carrier described above, within a same frequency band, where CC1 and CC2 may be same (not shown in FIG. 10) or different carrier components (as shown in FIG. 10) , which is determined based on Point A. The center frequency of CC1 or CC2 is determined based on common resource block #0 (CRB #0) at Point A and RB offset from Point A, CRB_#x or CRB_#y. Carrier CC1 or CC2 bandwidth, BW, is determined based on the number of RBs in the CC1 BW or CC2 BW. Moreover, different numerologies in CC1 and CC2, e.g., 15kHz in CC1 and 30kHz in CC2 are indicated to provide different mobility situations for initial access. For example, slow mobility UE may use smaller subcarrier spacing (e.g., in CC1) for PRACH procedure, and fast mobility UE may use may use larger subcarrier spacing (e.g., in CC2) for PRACH procedure. Note that the numerologies to be used here for a CC may include more options, for example, subcarrier spacing of n *1.25Mhz, m*15Mhz, etc. with varying cyclic prefix (CP) lengths, where n or m is a positive integer.
[0215] In some implementations, the configuration information further indicates at least one of: a start common resource block (CRB) index of each of the at least two carriers based on one of the at least two reference points or the common reference point; a bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers; a timing-offset relative to the SSB for a resource for the initial access procedure; identity information related to the each of the at least two carriers; or traffic loading condition of the each of the at least two carriers.
[0216] As shown in FIG. 8, a CRB index of CC1 and CC2 is based on two reference points respectively. And as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the CRB index of CC1 and CC2 is based on the common reference point.
[0217] The bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers can also be referred to as a channel bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers.
[0218] The time-offset to the SSB for a resource for the initial access procedure is used to determine the resource for the initial access procedure in time domain.
[0219] For example, the identity information related to the each of the at least two carriers may an index of the each of the at least two carriers.
[0220] For example, the traffic loading condition of the each of the at least two carriers may include full loading, high loading, medium loading, low loading; or busy loading or non-busy loading.
[0221] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of configurations of at least two carriers in a union carrier according to an implementation of this disclosure.
[0222] In other implementations as shown in FIG. 11, a configuration is provided to indicate or configure information of one or more CCs in a unified carrier, which is also referred to as the union carrier described above, for initial access, e.g., by a system information block (such as SIB1) or a broadcast signaling. The PRACH may (select and) use one of the one or more CCs for initial access to a network node, where one of the one or more CCs may be configured to associate with one or more of following information: CRB_start (its common RB start #based on Point A) which is referred to as a start common resource block (CRB) index described above, CC bandwidth (or channel BW) which is referred to as a bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers described above, Timing-offset (relative to a synchronization signal, between PRACH occasions in two CCs) which is referred to as a timing-offset relative to the SSB for a resource for the initial access procedure described above, Unified carrier ID which is referred to as a union carrier identity described above, CC ID (carrier identity) which is an example of identity information related to the each of the at least two carriers; or traffic loading (e.g., full, high, medium, low; or busy or non-busy indication) which can also be referred to as traffic loading condition of the each of the at least two carriers.
[0223] For example, the above configuration is broadcast in a synchronization signal (MIB) , system information such as SIB1, where, for example, SIB1 message may include a list (up to maxN) of carriers and prach_carrier information for initial access, and each prach_carrier information may include one or more of the associated parameters provided above.
[0224] In other words, the configuration information can be broadcast in MIB or SIB.
[0225] At step720, the terminal node performs the initial access procedure using one of the at least two carriers or one of the two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0226] In some implementations, the terminal node determines the one of the at least two carriers based on device capability and / or parameters associated with the at least two carriers. Or, the terminal node determines the one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier based on the device capability and / or parameters associated with the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0227] The parameters associated with the at least two carriers may refer to the traffic loading condition of the at least two carriers.
[0228] The device capability may include at least one of category of the device, high or low end, power consumption requirement of the device.
[0229] Moreover, the terminal node may determine the one of the at least two carriers based on transceiver type. The transceiver type may include normal-powered, low power, analog, digital, communication, sensing.
[0230] As such, the terminal node may determine the carrier used for the initial access procedure based on various elements.
[0231] As there are increased types and numbers of UEs or devices in future network, initial access in one CC may experience issues such as congestions or collisions. In some implementations, two or more CCs in a unified carrier are configured for initial access, where a PRACH procedure may use configured PRACH occasions in one of the two or more CCs. As a result, an indication on how to select one CC among multiple CCs that are configured for initial access process may be provided to instruct or guide UEs for PRACH procedure and enhancing initial access performance.
[0232] For example, in support of effective initial access by multiple UEs or devices over multiple CCs, for a CC to support PRACH procedure, a loading level indication (e.g., low, medium, high, fully, etc. ) can be broadcasted, device type based indication is provided, UE / device capacity (such as type category, high or low end, power consumption requirement, etc. ) based indication is provided, transceiver type (such as normal-powered, low power, analog, digital, communication, sensing, etc. ) based indication is provided.
[0233] Moreover or alternatively, an indication is provided (e.g., by system information) for a UE to choose a CC from CC1 or CC2 for PRACH and initial access procedure, based on certain criteria (such as CC loading information indication or randomly) . As a result, upon synchronization in a reference frequency from a frequency raster and obtaining system information, a UE may be able to use one of the two CCs and perform PRACH process and set up a connection into network.
[0234] In the foregoing method, at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier may be associated with an initial access procedure so that a congestion or a collision during the initial access procedure can be avoided if the increasing number of the terminal nodes contributes to high traffic, or a criterion based on pre-defined or preconfigured conditions or device / terminal type is provided to select one of the at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier. In addition, choosing one of the at least two carriers or one of the at least two sub-bands in a carrier to perform may contribute to a more flexible initial access procedure.
[0235] Optionally, the network node transmits, and accordingly, the terminal node receives an indication indicating that one or more of the at least two carriers are used for initial access procedure, or indicating that one or more of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are used for initial access procedure.
[0236] In some implementations, the terminal performs the initial access procedure using one of the at least two carriers or one of the two sub-bands in the carrier based on the indication.
[0237] As such, the terminal node performs the initial access procedure as the network node may indicate, so that the initial access procedure may be performed in a flexible way to apply one carrier or sub-band.
[0238] In some implementation, the configuration information may further indicate at least two union carriers which are associated with the SSB. Each of the at least two union carriers may include at least two carriers.
[0239] In other implementations, a UE or device may be indicated to performance PRACH and initial access cross unified carriers in a network with more than one unified carrier which can also be referred to as the at least two union carriers, where each unified carrier is identified by a unified carrier identity and each CC is identified by a CC index (or identification) .
[0240] The communication method proposed in the implementations of the present application is described in detail above, and a communication apparatus provided by the present application will be described below.
[0241] FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1000 according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The apparatus may be a communication device or an apparatus implemented in a communication device and capable of realizing corresponding functions of any one of the implementations of the present application. For example, the apparatus implemented in a communication device may be an integrated circuit, which in some contexts may be known by other colloquial names, such as chip, modem, modem chip, baseband chip, or baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus may include one or more integrated circuits or include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. The communication device may be a signal transmitter, a signal receiver, or an apparatus implemented in any one of these communication devices.
[0242] The apparatus 1000 includes a communication module 1200. The communication module 1200 is configured to implement a transmitting action and / or a receiving action. The communication module 1200 also may be called as transceiver module, a transceiver, or a transceiver device, or the like, and is configured to implement operations of receiving (which may be referred to as inputting) and / or transmitting (which may be referred to as outputting) .
[0243] The apparatus 1000 may further include a processing module 1100. The processing module 1100 may be a processor, a processing circuit, a processing board, a processing unit, or a processing device, or the like. The processing module 1100 is configured to implement processing and / or operations implemented inside the communication apparatus except transmitting actions and / or receiving actions.
[0244] For example, if the apparatus 1000 corresponds to the terminal node in FIG. 7, the communication module 1200 is configured to receive configuration information. The configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) . And the processing module 1100 is configured to perform the initial access procedure using one of the at least two carriers or one of the two sub-bands in the carrier.
[0245] For example, if the apparatus 1000 corresponds to the network node in FIG. 7, the processing module 1100 is configured to obtain configuration information. The configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) . And the communication module 1200 is configured to transmit the configuration information.
[0246] Briefly, the operations and / or functions of the apparatus 1000 are intended to implement corresponding steps of the foregoing method implementations.
[0247] FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 2000 according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The apparatus 2000 includes at least one communication interface 2300, and the at least one communication interface 2300 is configured to input and / or output information or data. Optionally, the apparatus 2000 may further include at least one processor 2100. The at least one processor 2100 is coupled to at least one memory 2200. The at least one memory 2200 is configured to store one or more instructions and / or executable computer code. The at least one processor 2100 is configured to invoke the one or more instructions and / or executable computer code, so that the communication apparatus 2000 implements the method provided in the implementations of the present application. Optionally, the apparatus 2000 may further include the at least one memory 2200.
[0248] In an implementation, the apparatus 2000 may be any one of the communication devices in the method implementations. For example, the communication apparatus 2000 may be the first device (for example, a terminal node) or the second device (for example, a network node) . In this implementation, the processor 2100 may be a baseband apparatus, and the communication interface 2300 may be a radio frequency apparatus.
[0249] In another implementation, the apparatus 2000 may be implemented in a communication device such as the transmitter sensing node and the receiver sensing node. In this case, the apparatus may be an integrated circuit, which in some contexts may be known by other colloquial names, such as chip, modem, modem chip, baseband chip, or baseband processor. In some implementations, one or more integrated circuits can be packaged into a system-on-chip, a system-in-package, or a multi-chip module. The apparatus may include one or more integrated circuits or include one or more integrated circuits and other discrete components. In this implementation, the processor 2100 may be a logical module or circuit that is part of the integrated circuit. The communication interface 2300 may be a transceiver, an interface circuit, an input / output interface, a bus, a module, a pin, or other types of interfaces.
[0250] An implementation of the present application further provides a communication system. The system may include the first device and the second device introduced in the above implementations. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the communication system may include a terminal node and a network node.
[0251] An implementation of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, and the computer storage medium may store one or more instructions for executing any of the foregoing methods.
[0252] An implementation of the present application further provides a computer program product, and the computer program product may store one or more instructions for executing any of the foregoing methods.
[0253] In the present disclosure, the terms “a” or “an” are defined to mean “at least one” , that is, these terms do not exclude a plural number of items, unless stated otherwise.
[0254] In the present disclosure, terms such as “substantially” , “generally” and “about” , which modify a value, condition or characteristic of a feature of an example embodiment, should be understood to mean that the value, condition or characteristic is defined within tolerances that are acceptable for the proper operation of the example embodiment for its intended application.
[0255] In the present disclosure, unless stated otherwise, the terms “connected” and “coupled” , and derivatives and variants thereof, refer herein to any structural or functional connection or coupling, either direct or indirect, between two or more elements. For example, the connection or coupling between the elements can be acoustical, mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal, logical, or any combinations thereof.
[0256] In the present disclosure, expressions such as “match” , “matching” and “matched” , including variants and derivatives thereof, are intended to refer herein to a condition in which two or more elements are either the same or within some predetermined tolerance of each other. That is, these terms are meant to encompass not only “exactly” or “identically” matching the two elements but also “substantially” , “approximately” or “subjectively” matching the two or more elements, as well as providing a higher or best match among a plurality of matching possibilities.
[0257] In the present disclosure, the expression “based on” is intended to mean “based at least partly on” , that is, this expression can mean “based solely on” or “based partially on” , and so should not be interpreted in a limited manner. More particularly, the expression “based on” could also be understood as meaning “depending on” , “representative of” , “indicative of” , “associated with” or similar expressions.
[0258] In the present disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably in different embodiments of this application. "At least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. "At least one of the following items (pieces) " or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C, and "at least one of A, B, and C" may also be understood as including: only A; only B; only C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C. In addition, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance of the plurality of objects.
[0259] A person skilled in the art should understand that embodiments of this application may be provided as a method, an apparatus (or system) , computer-readable storage medium, or a computer program product. Therefore, this application may use a form of a hardware-only embodiment, a software-only embodiment, or an embodiment with a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may use a form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a disk memory, an optical memory, and the like) that include computer-usable program code.
[0260] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the method, the device (system) , and the computer program product according to this application. It should be understood that computer program instructions may be used to implement each process and / or each block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams and a combination of a process and / or a block in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, an embedded processor, or a processor of another programmable data processing device and enable a machine to execute the instructions. When executed by any computer or the processor of a programmable data processing device, the instructions cause the apparatus to implement specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams. The computer program instructions may alternatively be stored in a computer-readable memory that can indicate a computer or another programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate an artifact that includes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implements a specific function in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0261] The computer program instructions may alternatively be loaded onto a computer or another programmable data processing device, so that a series of operations and steps are performed on the computer or the another programmable device, so that computer-implemented processing is generated. Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or on another programmable device provides steps for implementing specific functions as described in one or more procedures in the flowcharts and / or one or more blocks in the block diagrams.
[0262] It is clear that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover these modifications and variations of this application provided that they fall within the scope of protection defined by the following claims and their equivalent technologies.
Claims
1.A communication method comprising:receiving configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) ; and,performing the initial access procedure using one of the at least two carriers or one of the two sub-bands in the carrier.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration information further indicates one or more numerologies for one of the at least two carriers, or one or more numerologies for one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.3.The method of claim 1, wherein numerologies of two carriers in the at least two carriers are different; or numerologies of two sub-bands in the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are different.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the two carriers overlap in a frequency domain; or the two sub-bands overlap in a frequency domain.5.The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least two reference points associated with the at least two carriers respectively; wherein the at least two reference points are used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers respectively.6.The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the configuration information further indicates a common reference point associated with the at least two carriers; wherein the common reference point is used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers.7.The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least one of:a start common resource block (CRB) index of each of the at least two carriers based on one of the at least two reference points or the common reference point;a bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers;a timing-offset relative to the SSB for a resource for the initial access procedure;identity information related to the each of the at least two carriers; ortraffic loading condition of the each of the at least two carriers.8.The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least two carriers belong to a union carrier, wherein the union carrier is associated with a union carrier identity.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the configuration information indicates the union carrier identity.10.The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the configuration information further indicates a frequency domain resource for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.11.The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, the method further comprising:receiving an indication indicating that one or more of the at least two carriers are used for initial access procedure, or indicating that one or more of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are used for initial access procedure.12.The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, the method further comprising:determining the one of the at least two carriers based on at least one of device capability or parameters associated with the at least two carriers; ordetermining the one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier based on at least one of the device capability or parameters associated with the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.13.The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the receiving configuration information comprises:receiving the SSB, wherein the configuration information is carried in the SSB.14.The method of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the receiving configuration information comprises:receiving a system information block (SIB) , wherein the configuration information is carried in the SIB.15.A communication method comprising:obtaining configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) ; and,transmitting the configuration information.16.The method of claim 15, wherein the configuration information further indicates one or more numerologies for one of the at least two carriers, or one or more numerologies for one of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.17.The method of claim 16, wherein numerologies of two carriers in the at least two carriers are different; or numerologies of two sub-bands in the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are different.18.The method of claim 17, wherein the two carriers overlap in a frequency domain; or the two sub-bands overlap in a frequency domain.19.The method of any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least two reference points associated with the at least two carriers respectively; wherein the at least two reference points are used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers respectively.20.The method of any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the configuration information further indicates a common reference point associated with the at least two carriers; wherein the common reference point is used to allocate frequency resources of the at least two carriers.21.The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein the configuration information further indicates at least one of:a start common resource block (CRB) index of each of the at least two carriers based on one of the at least two reference points or the common reference point;a bandwidth of the each of the at least two carriers;a timing-offset relative to the SSB for a resource of the initial access procedure;identity information related to the each of the at least two carriers; ortraffic loading condition of the each of the at least two carriers.22.The method of any one of claims 15 to 21, wherein the at least two carriers belong to a union carrier, wherein the union carrier is associated with a union carrier identity.23.The method of claim 22, wherein the configuration information indicates the union carrier identity.24.The method of any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the configuration information further indicates a frequency domain resource for each of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier.25.The method of any one of claims 15 to 24, the method further comprising:transmitting an indication indicating that one or more of the at least two carriers are used for initial access procedure, or indicating that one or more of the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are used for initial access procedure.26.The method of any one of claims 15 to 25, wherein the transmitting configuration information comprises:transmitting the SSB, wherein the configuration information is carried in the SSB.27.The method of any one of claims 15 to 25, wherein the transmitting configuration information comprises:transmitting a system information block (SIB) , wherein the configuration information is carried in the SIB.28.A communication apparatus, configured to perform the method according to any one of claim 1 to 14, or 15 to 27.29.The communication apparatus according to claim 28, wherein comprising:a receiving unit configured to receive configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) ; and,a processing unit configured to perform the initial access procedure using one of the at least two carriers or one of the two sub-bands in the carrier.30.The communication apparatus according to claim 28, wherein comprising:a processing unit configured to determine configuration information, wherein the configuration information indicates that at least two carriers or at least two sub-bands in a carrier are associated with an initial access procedure, and the at least two carriers or the at least two sub-bands in the carrier are associated with a synchronization signal block (SSB) ;wherein one of the at least two carriers or one of the two sub-bands in the carrier is used for the initial access procedure; and,a transmitting unit configured to transmit the configuration information.31.A communication apparatus comprising:one or more processors, configured to perform a processing step according to any one of claims 1 to 14 or 15 to 27;an interface circuit, configured to perform a transmitting or receiving step according to any one of claims 1 to 14 or 15 to 27.32.The communication apparatus of claim 31, wherein the interface circuit comprises one or more transceivers.33.An apparatus comprising: one or more processors coupled with a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 14 or 15 to 27.34.A system comprising a communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 14 and a communication apparatus configured to perform the method of any one of claims 15 to 27.35.A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of 1 to 14 or 15 to 27.36.A computer program product storing instructions which, when executed, cause an apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 14 or 15 to 27.