Membranes TRIZ Cases

See how crosslinked polyimide composition with dry phase inversion enables separation membranes

See how a membrane guide divides potting material into density regions to prevent thermal gaps

A three-layer cellulose nanofiber membrane boosts water flux while maintaining rejection ratios through graded fiber and pore structure.

Stacked porous metal membrane cassettes cut vacuum pressure drop while enabling dual-stream mass transfer, filtration, and selective separation.

Radiation grafting in aqueous alcohol helps ester polymer substrates resist radicals and retain blood compatibility after sterilization and storage.

A triazine-crosslinked fluorinated ionomer composite boosts membrane strength, air tightness, and conductivity for durable fuel cells.

A hydrophilic-treated hydrophobic membrane with a graphene oxide layer blocks volatile contaminants while still passing water vapor.

Vapor-permeable membrane channels dry and cool gas with hygroscopic solution flow while keeping the unit compact and modular.

Thin edge zones and layer-free margins suppress shrinkage-driven curling in separation membranes, improving production stability.

A high-melting azine dye keeps porous PTFE black after heat exposure while preserving gas flow, waterproofing, and dust blocking.

A coiled duct uses centrifugal separation by molecular weight to continuously remove CO2 with lower power and no chemical consumables.

Heat- or light-activated nitrene precursors create durable covalent surface functions on polymers and textiles without damaging the substrate.

Separate alginate and divalent-ion coatings form a crosslinked membrane on a film carrier for fast, lower-cost production with thickness control.

A monofilament open-weave braid on a scalloped PVA core avoids whiskering and improves peel strength, durability, and permeate efficiency.

Inside-out flow in a hollow-fibre drinking straw lets air escape through hydrophilic membranes, sustaining water flow and enabling backwashing.

A three-layer nanofiber membrane balances small pore filtration, high water flux, and fouling resistance for water purification.

Vacuum monomer deposition forms hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings on porous or sensitive substrates while preserving porosity and avoiding plasma or radiation damage.

Cationic polyelectrolytes immobilized on textiles boost chromate adsorption from wastewater while preserving permeability across acidic to neutral pH.

Ionizing-radiation grafting with 4-acryloylmorpholine makes fluoroplastic surfaces more wettable while maintaining or improving liquid flux.

Ionizing radiation grafts 4-acryloylmorpholine onto fluoroplastic surfaces to improve wettability while maintaining liquid flux.

Radiation grafting in aqueous alcohol helps ester polymers resist radical damage and keep blood compatibility after sterilization and storage.

A sealing member between the housing and potting portion absorbs thermal strain mismatch to prevent gas leaks across extreme temperatures.

A blended sPEEK and cellulose acetate coating lets ERV membranes pass water vapor while blocking air and reducing contaminant crossover.

Cool deionized solvent and hydraulic pressure improve extraction yield while preserving volatile aromatics and flavor quality.

A composite electrospun nanofiber mat balances pore size, porosity, and wettability to separate oil-water mixtures with high flux and longer filter life.

Stacked porous metal membrane cassettes enable dual-stream vapor or liquid separation with high surface area and low pressure drop.

Varying particle sizes nest to limit solvent channeling in extraction columns, improving extraction uniformity and extract concentration.

Thinner edge sections and exposed substrate zones reduce shrinkage-driven curling, enabling stable production of separation membranes.

A grafted nonwoven substrate replaces slow chromatography with selective, low-pressure removal of host cell proteins, DNA, and viruses.

Water vapor permeable membranes remove humidity without cooling air to condensation temperature, cutting HVAC energy use and enabling liquid recovery.

A two-layer hollow-fiber membrane uses a thin dense layer and graded support voids to pass water vapor while limiting air leakage.

Edge sealant closes membrane flow spaces and supports the stack, preventing air leakage while simplifying fuel cell humidifier assembly.

Triazine-ring crosslinking in a fluorinated ionomer composite boosts membrane strength, air tightness, and conductivity for fuel cells.

A reverse-tapered filter opening stabilizes pressure during CNT collection, improving film resistance consistency and transmittance.

A cross-linked PVS-PVA ionomer membrane suppresses zinc dendrites while improving electrolyte uptake, cycling stability, and cost in aqueous zinc batteries.

Filter-assisted electrostatic alignment and selective thinning create purer carbon nanotube channels for dense semiconductor scaling.

Vacuum filtering and electrostatic alignment form pure carbon nanotube layers, then controlled thinning sets channel density and removes damaged tubes.

A removable support substrate enables thin solid-state ionic membranes to be sintered, then released for high conductivity and strength.

Sequential biaxial stretching and heat treatment give this polypropylene microporous membrane high puncture strength, permeability, and low 150°C shrinkage.

A thin polyethylene microporous separator balances gas permeability, low shrinkage, and puncture strength for safer high-power batteries.

A bypass channel through the case lets part of the dry gas avoid membrane passages, cutting gas pressure loss while keeping the module compact.

Standardized cartridge blocks fit different humidifier housings, reducing membrane entanglement while maintaining uniform gas flow.

Chelating polyol and polyphosphonic ligands let one filter remove metal ions from acidic and basic process fluids used in microelectronic manufacturing.

Upstream and downstream conductivity sensing tracks ion filter effectiveness in fuel cell cooling loops for condition-based replacement.

Mechanical compression of a hard-soft packing seals humidifier cartridges without resin casting, cutting production time and improving sealing.

A back-pressure passage drives a variable rib seal to maintain humidifier airtightness under high-pressure dry air and sustain fuel cell efficiency.

Covalently bonding the lipophilic additive to the polymer matrix prevents leaching, extending ion-selective membrane life and stability.

A fibrous mat over a porous PE separator improves acid diffusion and active material retention, boosting cycle life and cold cranking amps.

Matching inlet area to cartridge mesh openings reduces differential pressure loss and improves moisture exchange in fuel cell humidifiers.

A sub-case and elastic gasket replace resin casting to stop humidifier air leakage and simplify part replacement.

A softer mesh hole portion cushions hollow fiber membranes against fluid friction and contact, extending fuel cell humidifier life.

Curved mesh joints and window geometry reduce friction at cartridge openings, preventing hollow fiber scratches and breakage in fuel cell humidifiers.

A hollow fiber membrane bundle packed at 0.405-0.625 improves fuel cell gas humidification while limiting differential pressure.

Blower gas temperature directly changes bypass opening in a fuel cell, replacing separate sensors and valves to simplify flow control.

An electric-field nanoporous membrane separates Li, Co, Ni, and Mn from acidic black mass leachate while reducing contamination and acid waste.

Chemical potential gradients in asymmetric membranes drive thermal diffusion to separate and concentrate species using ambient heat.

Oxidative leaching and nanofiltration separate lithium from sodium contaminants, enabling high-yield recovery of highly purified lithium salts.

A bypass pipe and port create a parallel gas path in the membrane module, cutting pressure loss and reducing stagnation during humidification.

An active bypass diverts part of the second-fluid flow to limit differential pressure in a compact fuel cell membrane humidifier.

SuFEx hydrolysis with triethylsilanol converts extruded sulfonyl fluoride membranes into proton-conductive PFSA membranes for lower-cost electrolysis.

A mechanical cap-case projection seals the potting unit without chemical sealants, preventing air leaks and simplifying fuel-cell humidifier assembly.

A composite PE separator with a fibrous mat improves active material retention, lowers resistance, and reduces acid stratification in EFB batteries.

SuFEx pretreatment and triethylsilanol hydrolysis raise extruded PFSA membrane conductivity for lower-cost tubular PEM electrolyzers.

Asymmetrical wetting on a coated hydrophilic fiber membrane forms an electric double layer for stable DC power without rectifier circuits.

A swelling-assisted wet transfer process fixes catalysts onto anion exchange membranes below 100°C, avoiding ionomer degradation and supporting scalable electrolysis.

A single housing combines heat exchange and membrane humidification to cut fuel cell size, complexity, and pressure loss.

Two coupled housings and a membrane cartridge simplify fuel cell humidifier assembly, cut turbulence, and improve airtight durability.

Selective formic acid leaching and electrolysis recover high-purity lithium from black mass while limiting sodium and transition metal contamination.

An active bypass buffer equalizes pressure around the hollow fiber module to prevent gaps and keep fuel cell humidification efficient.

A hydrophilic polymer coating improves separator electrolyte uptake while preserving air permeability, heat resistance, and mechanical strength.

Integrated gas capture inside the humidifier removes NOx, SOx, and NH3 during fuel cell humidification, cutting added filter cost and complexity.

Site-specific amine and amidoxime segments give microporous ladder polymers selective transport and high-pH stability for separations and electrochemical cells.

Prepositioned directing groups enable precise sulfonation in polyphenylene membranes, improving ionic conductivity and mechanical stability.

PEG-crosslinked anion exchange blend membranes improve alkaline stability, ion conductivity, and mechanical strength for electrochemical use.

Alternating current control reverses ion flow across anion exchange membranes to desalinate saline water with lower energy and scalable brine handling.

Offset support elements in a corrugated humidifier flow plate improve membrane support and moisture transfer while limiting pressure loss.

Interlocking frame elements and semi-permeable layers improve humidifier stack sealing, channel stability, and water transfer while limiting pressure loss.

Offset support elements in a corrugated humidifier flow plate improve moisture transfer, lower pressure loss, and protect the membrane.

Flow directors and multi-pass manifolds redirect feed in electrodialysis stacks to curb bypass currents, improving current efficiency and lowering energy use.

Inner-case bypass openings create alternate gas paths that relieve stagnation, reduce pressure loss, and improve humidification efficiency.

A metal-oxide hydrogel in a porous carrier cuts gas crossover while maintaining low ionic resistance and alkaline stability.

A circulating circuit applies a hydrophobic surfactant layer to hollow fiber membranes for gas separation applications.

A composite semipermeable membrane with a polyamide layer exhibiting high water permeability.

Segmented countercurrent diafiltration minimizes equipment size and buffer waste while protecting biologic products from shear stress.

An ePTFE membrane positioned upstream of a support structure resists water penetration while maintaining low fuel flow resistance.

A composite semipermeable membrane uses a fluorine-containing aliphatic polyamide coating to enhance antifouling properties.

A frustoconical inlet guides blood flow into hollow fiber membranes, eliminating dead zones and reducing clot risk in gas exchange devices.

Adjustable outlet throttle builds pressure in membrane dryer startup to generate purging air.

Porous fluoropolymer membrane filled with ion exchange resin forms a crosslinked structure.

Radiation heating melts fiber perimeters into an annular zone, fixing ends to prevent damage during transfer and reduce scrap.

A diffusion dialysis apparatus uses alternating high and low proton transport anion exchange membranes to recover acid compounds from waste streams.

Hydrophobic monomers resist hydrolysis under basic conditions, maintaining dynamic binding capacity and protein resolution.

A separation membrane element uses a permeate-side channel member made of high-crystalline polypropylene to enhance handleability.

Offset pore membranes in a parylene microfiltration device reduce mechanical trauma to circulating tumor cells, maintaining viability during separation.

A porous film comprising cellulose nanofibers impregnated with electrolyte solution to enhance thermal stability.

A water purifier control unit adjusts a concentrated water valve based on intake TDS and flow rate measurements.

Membrane separation of a homogeneous catalyst during alkoxycarbonylation eliminates transition metal costs and by-product formation.

Radial brine flow in a cylindrical hollow fiber module increases surface area per unit volume fourfold, resolving scaling bottlenecks in desalination plants.

Permeable hollow fibers with immobilized organic phases enable continuous rare earth element recovery.

A ceramic membrane uses additive manufacturing to create tailored pore structures with in-situ particles.

Ultraviolet-driven persulfate oxidation degrades antiscalants in brackish water desalination brine, enabling high freshwater recovery without membrane scaling.

A polytetrafluoroethylene hollow-fiber membrane uses graded pore diameters across its wall thickness to balance filtration performance.

Radial through openings in tubesheets reduce pressure drops and mechanical stress on hollow fiber membranes.

A filtration system integrates a load cell and enclosure to weigh retentate vessels outside the cabinet.

A composite polymer electrolyte membrane uses a porous fluorinated support filled with ionomer solution via spin drying to enhance mechanical strength.

Azide crosslinked membranes resist CO2 plasticization to maintain stable separation performance under elevated temperatures.

A crosslinked unreinforced cellulose hydrate membrane achieves high mechanical stability and excellent pleatability through dual diepoxide agents.

Contorted Tröger's base dianhydride building blocks enhance polyimide membranes, surpassing the 2008 CO2/CH4 selectivity upper bound.

A compact fluid treatment system integrates a ceramic membrane filtration unit with an aeration device to remove contaminants from water streams.

Varying coating layer surface roughness resolves adhesion-fouling resistance contradiction in spiral membrane elements.

A block copolymer membrane combines rigid polyamide and flexible polyethylene glycol segments to enable selective gas permeation.

Concentric tube segmentation increases feed water residence time to reduce concentration polarization and boost water recovery rates.

A truck-mounted air separation system uses a membrane and feed compressor powered by the vehicle engine.

Bipolar membrane stack converts salt solutions into alkaline and acidic materials without generating hazardous chlorine gas.

Single-gated concentric baffles create recirculation patterns that reduce thrombogenicity and improve carbon dioxide clearance in pumpless oxygenators.

Plasma treatment controls coating depth in macroporous substrates, enabling high selectivity and flux without expensive brittle polymers.

Silica membrane penetrates ultrafiltration substrate pores to prevent peeling and ensure high separation performance.

A pressure reducer seal element enters groove recesses to adjust sealing when inlet stub pressure drops below the inlet chamber level.

Hydrophobic membranes separate liquid from air in a vertical cooling tower, preventing biological growth and scaling without chemical additives.

Cooling a polymer solution on a porous support forms a gel that prevents pore infiltration, enabling thin layers for high gas flux and selectivity.

Reactive coating on porous membrane enables high-throughput protein detection, resolving time and cost bottlenecks in complex mixture analysis.

A reverse osmosis filtration system recycles waste water back into the storage tank using valves and filters to minimize fluid loss.

Crosslinked aromatic membranes resolve the trade-off between low permeability and selectivity in conventional gas separation.

Mesh-shaped spacer with specific strand thickness reduces ion polarization to maintain salt removal efficiency at high recovery rates.

Embedding functionalized dendrimer particles in polymer matrices resolves the trade-off between membrane robustness and metal recovery selectivity.

A benzimidazole-linked polymer synthesizes via template-free condensation to form stable membranes.

Controlled surface projections on a composite semipermeable membrane sustain high water production and salt rejection under fluctuating pressure conditions.

A gas separation membrane uses a specific copolymer in its active layer to enhance carbon dioxide permeability and selectivity.

Welded frame elements replace screwing to reduce assembly complexity while maintaining sealing reliability in modular flow systems.

High molecular weight polypropylene layers resist heat shrinkage at 130°C, preventing internal short circuits in batteries.

A ceramic membrane with 0.5 to 10 nm pores separates metallic catalysts from glycol process streams via pressure-driven filtration.