Membranes TRIZ Cases

See how crosslinked polyimide composition with dry phase inversion enables separation membranes

See how a membrane guide divides potting material into density regions to prevent thermal gaps

A three-layer cellulose nanofiber membrane boosts water flux while maintaining rejection ratios through graded fiber and pore structure.

Stacked porous metal membrane cassettes cut vacuum pressure drop while enabling dual-stream mass transfer, filtration, and selective separation.

Radiation grafting in aqueous alcohol helps ester polymer substrates resist radicals and retain blood compatibility after sterilization and storage.

A triazine-crosslinked fluorinated ionomer composite boosts membrane strength, air tightness, and conductivity for durable fuel cells.

A hydrophilic-treated hydrophobic membrane with a graphene oxide layer blocks volatile contaminants while still passing water vapor.

Vapor-permeable membrane channels dry and cool gas with hygroscopic solution flow while keeping the unit compact and modular.

Thin edge zones and layer-free margins suppress shrinkage-driven curling in separation membranes, improving production stability.

A high-melting azine dye keeps porous PTFE black after heat exposure while preserving gas flow, waterproofing, and dust blocking.

A coiled duct uses centrifugal separation by molecular weight to continuously remove CO2 with lower power and no chemical consumables.

Heat- or light-activated nitrene precursors create durable covalent surface functions on polymers and textiles without damaging the substrate.

Separate alginate and divalent-ion coatings form a crosslinked membrane on a film carrier for fast, lower-cost production with thickness control.

A monofilament open-weave braid on a scalloped PVA core avoids whiskering and improves peel strength, durability, and permeate efficiency.

Inside-out flow in a hollow-fibre drinking straw lets air escape through hydrophilic membranes, sustaining water flow and enabling backwashing.

A three-layer nanofiber membrane balances small pore filtration, high water flux, and fouling resistance for water purification.

Vacuum monomer deposition forms hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings on porous or sensitive substrates while preserving porosity and avoiding plasma or radiation damage.

Cationic polyelectrolytes immobilized on textiles boost chromate adsorption from wastewater while preserving permeability across acidic to neutral pH.

Ionizing-radiation grafting with 4-acryloylmorpholine makes fluoroplastic surfaces more wettable while maintaining or improving liquid flux.

Ionizing radiation grafts 4-acryloylmorpholine onto fluoroplastic surfaces to improve wettability while maintaining liquid flux.

Radiation grafting in aqueous alcohol helps ester polymers resist radical damage and keep blood compatibility after sterilization and storage.

A sealing member between the housing and potting portion absorbs thermal strain mismatch to prevent gas leaks across extreme temperatures.

A blended sPEEK and cellulose acetate coating lets ERV membranes pass water vapor while blocking air and reducing contaminant crossover.

Cool deionized solvent and hydraulic pressure improve extraction yield while preserving volatile aromatics and flavor quality.

A composite electrospun nanofiber mat balances pore size, porosity, and wettability to separate oil-water mixtures with high flux and longer filter life.

Stacked porous metal membrane cassettes enable dual-stream vapor or liquid separation with high surface area and low pressure drop.

Varying particle sizes nest to limit solvent channeling in extraction columns, improving extraction uniformity and extract concentration.

Thinner edge sections and exposed substrate zones reduce shrinkage-driven curling, enabling stable production of separation membranes.

A grafted nonwoven substrate replaces slow chromatography with selective, low-pressure removal of host cell proteins, DNA, and viruses.

Water vapor permeable membranes remove humidity without cooling air to condensation temperature, cutting HVAC energy use and enabling liquid recovery.

A two-layer hollow-fiber membrane uses a thin dense layer and graded support voids to pass water vapor while limiting air leakage.

Edge sealant closes membrane flow spaces and supports the stack, preventing air leakage while simplifying fuel cell humidifier assembly.

Triazine-ring crosslinking in a fluorinated ionomer composite boosts membrane strength, air tightness, and conductivity for fuel cells.

A reverse-tapered filter opening stabilizes pressure during CNT collection, improving film resistance consistency and transmittance.

A cross-linked PVS-PVA ionomer membrane suppresses zinc dendrites while improving electrolyte uptake, cycling stability, and cost in aqueous zinc batteries.

Filter-assisted electrostatic alignment and selective thinning create purer carbon nanotube channels for dense semiconductor scaling.

Vacuum filtering and electrostatic alignment form pure carbon nanotube layers, then controlled thinning sets channel density and removes damaged tubes.

A removable support substrate enables thin solid-state ionic membranes to be sintered, then released for high conductivity and strength.

Sequential biaxial stretching and heat treatment give this polypropylene microporous membrane high puncture strength, permeability, and low 150°C shrinkage.

A thin polyethylene microporous separator balances gas permeability, low shrinkage, and puncture strength for safer high-power batteries.

A bypass channel through the case lets part of the dry gas avoid membrane passages, cutting gas pressure loss while keeping the module compact.

Standardized cartridge blocks fit different humidifier housings, reducing membrane entanglement while maintaining uniform gas flow.

Chelating polyol and polyphosphonic ligands let one filter remove metal ions from acidic and basic process fluids used in microelectronic manufacturing.

Upstream and downstream conductivity sensing tracks ion filter effectiveness in fuel cell cooling loops for condition-based replacement.

Mechanical compression of a hard-soft packing seals humidifier cartridges without resin casting, cutting production time and improving sealing.

A back-pressure passage drives a variable rib seal to maintain humidifier airtightness under high-pressure dry air and sustain fuel cell efficiency.

Covalently bonding the lipophilic additive to the polymer matrix prevents leaching, extending ion-selective membrane life and stability.

A fibrous mat over a porous PE separator improves acid diffusion and active material retention, boosting cycle life and cold cranking amps.

Matching inlet area to cartridge mesh openings reduces differential pressure loss and improves moisture exchange in fuel cell humidifiers.

A sub-case and elastic gasket replace resin casting to stop humidifier air leakage and simplify part replacement.

A softer mesh hole portion cushions hollow fiber membranes against fluid friction and contact, extending fuel cell humidifier life.

Curved mesh joints and window geometry reduce friction at cartridge openings, preventing hollow fiber scratches and breakage in fuel cell humidifiers.

A hollow fiber membrane bundle packed at 0.405-0.625 improves fuel cell gas humidification while limiting differential pressure.

Blower gas temperature directly changes bypass opening in a fuel cell, replacing separate sensors and valves to simplify flow control.

An electric-field nanoporous membrane separates Li, Co, Ni, and Mn from acidic black mass leachate while reducing contamination and acid waste.

Chemical potential gradients in asymmetric membranes drive thermal diffusion to separate and concentrate species using ambient heat.

Oxidative leaching and nanofiltration separate lithium from sodium contaminants, enabling high-yield recovery of highly purified lithium salts.

A bypass pipe and port create a parallel gas path in the membrane module, cutting pressure loss and reducing stagnation during humidification.

An active bypass diverts part of the second-fluid flow to limit differential pressure in a compact fuel cell membrane humidifier.

SuFEx hydrolysis with triethylsilanol converts extruded sulfonyl fluoride membranes into proton-conductive PFSA membranes for lower-cost electrolysis.

A mechanical cap-case projection seals the potting unit without chemical sealants, preventing air leaks and simplifying fuel-cell humidifier assembly.

A composite PE separator with a fibrous mat improves active material retention, lowers resistance, and reduces acid stratification in EFB batteries.

SuFEx pretreatment and triethylsilanol hydrolysis raise extruded PFSA membrane conductivity for lower-cost tubular PEM electrolyzers.

Asymmetrical wetting on a coated hydrophilic fiber membrane forms an electric double layer for stable DC power without rectifier circuits.

A swelling-assisted wet transfer process fixes catalysts onto anion exchange membranes below 100°C, avoiding ionomer degradation and supporting scalable electrolysis.

A single housing combines heat exchange and membrane humidification to cut fuel cell size, complexity, and pressure loss.

Two coupled housings and a membrane cartridge simplify fuel cell humidifier assembly, cut turbulence, and improve airtight durability.

Selective formic acid leaching and electrolysis recover high-purity lithium from black mass while limiting sodium and transition metal contamination.

An active bypass buffer equalizes pressure around the hollow fiber module to prevent gaps and keep fuel cell humidification efficient.

A hydrophilic polymer coating improves separator electrolyte uptake while preserving air permeability, heat resistance, and mechanical strength.

Integrated gas capture inside the humidifier removes NOx, SOx, and NH3 during fuel cell humidification, cutting added filter cost and complexity.

Site-specific amine and amidoxime segments give microporous ladder polymers selective transport and high-pH stability for separations and electrochemical cells.

Prepositioned directing groups enable precise sulfonation in polyphenylene membranes, improving ionic conductivity and mechanical stability.

PEG-crosslinked anion exchange blend membranes improve alkaline stability, ion conductivity, and mechanical strength for electrochemical use.

Alternating current control reverses ion flow across anion exchange membranes to desalinate saline water with lower energy and scalable brine handling.

Offset support elements in a corrugated humidifier flow plate improve membrane support and moisture transfer while limiting pressure loss.

Interlocking frame elements and semi-permeable layers improve humidifier stack sealing, channel stability, and water transfer while limiting pressure loss.

Offset support elements in a corrugated humidifier flow plate improve moisture transfer, lower pressure loss, and protect the membrane.

Flow directors and multi-pass manifolds redirect feed in electrodialysis stacks to curb bypass currents, improving current efficiency and lowering energy use.

Inner-case bypass openings create alternate gas paths that relieve stagnation, reduce pressure loss, and improve humidification efficiency.

A metal-oxide hydrogel in a porous carrier cuts gas crossover while maintaining low ionic resistance and alkaline stability.