A multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge, comprising: tower columns, which extend in the vertical direction; at least three tower columns are provided, including side tower columns arranged at both ends and a middle tower column located between the two side tower columns; a beam, which passes through the tower columns, and both ends of the beam extend at least to the side tower columns; cable stays, including at least a pair of cable stays arranged in a cross pattern. Along the extending direction from the first end to the second end of the beam, one of the pair of cable stays is alternately fixed to the upper end of the previous tower column and the beam below the next tower column, and the other of the pair of cable stays is alternately fixed to the beam below the previous tower column and the upper end of the next tower column; suspenders, which are arranged between the cable stays and the beam, the upper ends of the suspenders are fixed to the cable stays, and the lower ends of the suspenders are fixed to the beam. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge of the present invention can improve the stress condition of the middle tower column and enhance the overall stiffness of the structural system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge. Background Art

[0002] The suspension bridge is currently a bridge type with the largest spanning capacity. According to different main cable anchorage forms, it can be divided into self-anchored suspension bridges and earth-anchored suspension bridges. As Figure 1 shown, the self-anchored suspension bridge consists of a main cable 4, a cable tower, a stiffening girder 3, an anchorage structure, and a suspender 5. Its mechanical properties are similar to those of a tied-arch bridge. The load is borne by the bending and compression of the main girder and the tension of the main cable 4, forming a self-balanced mechanical system, which improves the mechanical properties of the foundation. Compared with the earth-anchored suspension bridge, the self-anchored suspension bridge does not require the construction of huge anchor blocks, has better adaptability to terrain and geological conditions, and its layout form is also more flexible, making it very competitive in large and medium spans.

[0003] However, for a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge, in the traditional structural system, since the main cable 4 of the middle cable tower 2 is anchored to the beam end through the side cable tower 1, the main cable 4 cannot effectively restrain the longitudinal bridge direction of the middle cable tower 2. Therefore, there is a technical problem of weak longitudinal bridge stiffness of the middle cable tower 2. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention are expected to provide a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge to improve the mechanical condition of the middle cable tower and enhance the overall stiffness of the structural system.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge, which includes:

[0007] Cable towers, which extend in the vertical direction; at least three cable towers are provided, including side cable towers arranged at both ends and a middle cable tower located between the two side cable towers;

[0008] A beam, which passes through the cable towers, and both ends of the beam extend at least to the side cable towers;

[0009] Cable ropes, including at least a pair of cross-arranged cable ropes. Along the extension direction of the first end to the second end of the beam, one of the pair of cable ropes is alternately fixed to the upper end of the previous cable tower and the beam below the next cable tower, and the other cable rope of the pair is alternately fixed to the beam below the previous cable tower and the upper end of the next cable tower;

[0010] Suspenders, which are arranged between the cable ropes and the beam. The upper end of the suspender is fixed to the cable rope, and the lower end of the suspender is fixed to the beam.

[0011] In the above solution, the two cables in the pair of cables are spaced apart along the width direction of the beam, and the distance between the two cables is greater than a preset value.

[0012] In the above solution, the preset value is 0.5 meters.

[0013] In the above solution, both ends of the beam extend beyond the side cable towers, and cables are provided between the side cable towers and the ends of both ends of the beam; one end of the cable is fixed to the end of the beam, and the other end is fixed to the upper end of the side cable tower.

[0014] In the above solution, the number of cable towers is odd. One end of one of the pair of cables is respectively fixed to the ends of the beam, and the other end of the pair of cables is fixed to the beam below the corresponding two side cable towers.

[0015] In the above solution, the number of cable towers is even. One end of one of the pair of cables is fixed to the end of the first end of the beam, and the other end is fixed to the beam below the corresponding side cable tower; one end of the other cable in the pair of cables is fixed to the end of the second end of the beam, and the other end is fixed to the beam below the corresponding side cable tower.

[0016] In the above solution, both sides in the width direction of the beam include the pair of cables, and the cables on both sides are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the beam width.

[0017] In the above solution, the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge further includes bridge piers, and the bridge piers are used to support both ends of the beam.

[0018] In the above solution, the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge further includes an anchoring point for fixing the cable. The anchoring point includes a first anchoring point provided on the beam below the middle cable tower, and the cable passes through and is fixed to the first anchoring point.

[0019] In the above solution, the anchoring point further includes a second anchoring point; the second anchoring point is provided on the beam below the side cable tower, and one end of the cable is inserted and fixed to the second anchoring point.

[0020] According to a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge of an embodiment of the present invention, by at least a pair of cross-arranged cables, the cables fixed to the upper end of the middle cable tower are directly fixed to the beams below the adjacent cable towers, so that the middle cable tower is effectively constrained in the longitudinal direction of the bridge, which can improve the stress condition of the middle cable tower and enhance the overall stiffness of the structural system.

[0021] Other beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in combination with specific technical solutions in the specific implementation manner. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly describe the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. It should be understood that the following described drawings are only a part of the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge in the prior art;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 (Three pylons);

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 (Four pylons);

[0026] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 or Figure 3 The sectional view of A-A in

[0027] Figure 5 It is Figure 2 or Figure 3 The sectional view of B-B in

[0028] Figure 6 It is Figure 2 or Figure 3 The sectional view of C-C in

[0029] Figure 7 It is Figure 2 or Figure 3 The sectional view of D-D in

[0030] Figure 8 It is Figure 2 or Figure 3 The sectional view of E-E in

[0031] Figure 9 It is Figure 3 The sectional view of F-F in

[0032] Figure 10 It is Figure 3 The sectional view of G-G in

[0033] Figure 11 It is Figure 3 The sectional view of H-H in

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0035] In the prior art:

[0036] 1 Side cable tower; 2 Middle cable tower; 3 Stiffening girder; 4 Main cable; 5 Suspender; 6 Moving load.

[0037] Embodiment of the present invention:

[0038] 21 Side cable tower; 22 Middle cable tower; 231 Saddle at the top of the tower; 241 Tower column; 242 Upper cross beam; 243 Lower cross beam; 30 Girder; 311 Saddle on the girder; 312 Anchor seat at the beam end; 313 Anchor seat on the girder; 41 First cable; 42 Second cable; 511 Suspender of the first cable; 512 Suspender of the second cable; 60 Bridge pier. Specific implementation manner

[0039] In view of the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge, and the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge includes:

[0040] Cable towers, which extend in the vertical direction; at least three cable towers are provided, including side cable towers arranged at both ends and a middle cable tower located between the two side cable towers;

[0041] A girder, which passes through the cable towers, and both ends of the girder extend at least to the side cable towers;

[0042] Cables, including at least a pair of cables arranged in a cross pattern. Along the extension direction from the first end to the second end of the girder, one of the pair of cables is alternately fixed to the upper end of the previous cable tower and the girder below the next cable tower, and the other cable of the pair of cables is alternately fixed to the girder below the previous cable tower and the upper end of the next cable tower;

[0043] Suspenders, which are arranged between the cables and the girder, the upper ends of the suspenders are fixed to the cables, and the lower ends of the suspenders are fixed to the girder.

[0044] For a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to the embodiment of the present invention, by at least a pair of cables arranged in a cross pattern, the cables fixed to the upper end of the middle cable tower are directly fixed to the girder below the adjacent cable tower, so that the middle cable tower is effectively constrained in the longitudinal direction of the bridge, which can improve the stress condition of the middle cable tower and enhance the overall stiffness of the structural system.

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Moreover, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field without creative efforts based on these embodiments belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Embodiment

[0047] This embodiment provides a multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge includes:

[0048] Tower piers, which extend in the vertical direction; at least three tower piers are provided, including side tower piers 21 arranged at both ends and a middle tower pier 22 located between the two side tower piers 21;

[0049] A beam 30, which passes through the tower piers, and both ends of the beam 30 extend at least to the side tower piers 21;

[0050] Cable stays, including at least a pair of cable stays arranged in a crossed manner. Along the extension direction of the first end to the second end of the beam 30, one of the pair of cable stays is alternately fixed to the upper end of the previous tower pier and the beam below the next tower pier, and the other of the pair of cable stays is alternately fixed to the beam below the previous tower pier and the upper end of the next tower pier;

[0051] Hangers, which are arranged between the cable stays and the beam 30. The upper end of the hanger is fixed to the cable stay, and the lower end of the hanger is fixed to the beam 30.

[0052] Here, exemplarily, the beam 30 is a rigid beam, i.e., a stiffening beam, which can specifically be a truss beam or a flat steel box girder. Generally, it is also called the main beam in the industry, and the same applies hereinafter.

[0053] Here, exemplarily, the direction of the beam 30 extends along the longitudinal direction of the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge. The longitudinal direction is the direction of the bridge's alignment, also called the longitudinal bridge direction, or the length direction of the bridge; the transverse direction is the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, or the width direction of the beam 30, and the same applies hereinafter.

[0054] Here, the cable stays are generally also called the main cables in the industry, and the same applies hereinafter. Exemplarily, the "fixing" in the above "alternately fixing" is, except at both ends of the cable stays, a piercing and fixing, that is, piercing through the saddle on the top of the tower or the saddle on the beam and fixing.

[0055] Here, exemplarily, at least a pair of cable stays arranged in a crossed manner is for the following purpose: all the cable stays fixed to the upper end of the middle tower pier 22 are directly fixed to the beam below the adjacent tower pier. That is, after the cable stays fixed to the upper end of the middle tower pier 22 are fixed to the beam below the adjacent tower pier, they cannot be fixed to the upper end of the adjacent tower pier as in the prior art. Therefore, another cable stay needs to be arranged. The other cable stay is arranged along the extension direction of the first end to the second end of the beam 30 in the same way as the previous one. However, the high points and low points of the two cable stays are spaced by one span. Also because of this, there are two cable stays within the same span and they are arranged in a crossed manner, different from the single cable stay in the prior art, which is in an inverted parabola shape.

[0056] Here, by way of example, the high point of the cable refers to the point fixed to the upper end of the pylon, and the low point refers to the point where the cable is fixed to the beam. The span can be the area between two pylons, or the area between the pylon and the end of the beam 30.

[0057] Here, by way of example, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, the cables on both longitudinal sides of the pylon are similar to a "V" shape, that is, the upper ends are connected to the pylon, and the lower ends are connected to the beam end or the beam under the adjacent pylon. In this way, both longitudinal sides of the middle pylon are effectively constrained, reducing the horizontal unbalanced force on the top of the middle pylon, improving the stress condition of the middle pylon, and thus enhancing the vertical stiffness of the entire structural system.

[0058] Furthermore, both longitudinal sides of the pylon are effectively constrained, and it can also better adapt to the action of longitudinal asymmetric loads on the bridge deck. For example, in the prior art, as Figure 1 shown, there is a moving load 6 within the first span, that is, on the stiffening beam 3 between the left side pylon 1 and the middle pylon 2. Therefore, the cable on the left side of the middle pylon 2 is subjected to a greater tensile force. However, the cable on the right side is indirectly connected to the beam end through the side pylon 1 and is not constrained by the cable led out from the effective vertical and longitudinal consolidation, that is, the constraint on the right side is relatively weak. In this way, there are two risks in the suspension bridge in the prior art: one is that when the longitudinal stiffness of the middle pylon is large, there is a risk of slippage between the cable and the top of the pylon, and the slippage may cause the overall instability or collapse of the structure; the other is that the pylon is subjected to tensile deformation, and the large longitudinal displacement of the top of the pylon will cause excessive deflection deformation of the beam, which will affect the service performance of the bridge at least and may lead to the overall instability or collapse of the structure at worst.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, the middle pylon is effectively constrained on both longitudinal sides, and the above risks can be avoided. For example, due to the action of the moving load, a large horizontal unbalanced force may be generated at the top of the middle pylon. Since the cables on both sides are directly anchored to the beam under the adjacent pylon, that is, the vertical and longitudinal consolidation of the cables provides a strong constraint, restricting the longitudinal displacement of the top of the pylon and greatly reducing the cable force difference on both sides of the top of the middle pylon. Therefore, the slippage between the cable and the top of the pylon can be effectively avoided, the deformation of the top of the pylon can be reduced, and it can better adapt to the action of longitudinal asymmetric loads on the bridge deck. That is, the multi-pylon self-anchored suspension bridge of the embodiment of the present invention overcomes the defects of the traditional multi-span self-anchored suspension bridge, improves the stress condition of the middle pylon, and thus improves the overall vertical stiffness of the system.

[0060] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 4 - 11As shown, the two cables in the pair of cables are spaced apart along the width direction of the beam 30. Specifically, the cables in the pair of cables can be respectively referred to as the first cable 41 and the second cable 42, where the first cable is on the outer side in the width direction. In this way, in the width direction of the beam 30, the first cable 41 and the second cable 42 are separated from each other, so as not to cause interference or conflict, for example, it does not prevent the installation of their respective suspenders.

[0061] And the distance between the two cables is greater than a preset value, so that the first cable 41 and the second cable 42 can be arranged more regularly.

[0062] Specifically, the preset value is 0.5 meters. This is the distance specification determined during actual construction and is a more reasonable distance to avoid interference or conflict between the two cables.

[0063] For the sake of clearer expression in the drawings, the suspenders are divided into two types: the first cable suspender 511 and the second cable suspender 512 and numbered respectively.

[0064] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the beam 30 extend beyond the side cable towers 21, and there are cables between the side cable towers 21 and the ends of both ends of the beam 30; one end of the cable is fixed to the end of the beam 30, and the other end is fixed to the upper end of the side cable tower 21. In this way, both ends of the cable can be directly anchored on the beam without additionally arranging an anchor block, which is more convenient for the anchoring of the cable.

[0065] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the number of the cable towers is odd, see Figure 2 , both ends of one of the cables in the pair of cables are respectively fixed to the ends of the beam 30, and both ends of the other cable in the pair of cables are fixed to the beam below the corresponding two side cable towers 21. When the number of the cable towers is odd, both ends of the first cable 41 are fixed to the ends of the beam 30, which is more stable.

[0066] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the number of the cable towers is even, see Figure 3 , one end of one of the cables in the pair of cables is fixed to the end of the first end of the beam 30, and the other end is fixed to the beam below the corresponding side cable tower 21; one end of the other cable in the pair of cables is fixed to the end of the second end of the beam 30, and the other end is fixed to the beam below the corresponding side cable tower 21. When the number of the cable towers is even, the number of the middle cable towers 22 is even, and the force on the middle cable towers 22 is more balanced. Here, the first end and the second end are the opposite ends of the beam 30.

[0067] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, both sides in the width direction of the beam 30 include the pair of cables, so that the suspension bridge can bear a greater load.

[0068] Moreover, the cable on both sides is symmetrically arranged along the center line of the width of the beam. In this way, the force on the suspension bridge in the width direction of the beam 30 is more balanced.

[0069] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge further includes bridge piers 60 for supporting both ends of the beam 30. In this way, both ends of the beam 30 can be effectively supported, and it is also convenient to install the beam end anchorage 312.

[0070] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge further includes an anchorage point for fixing the cable. The anchorage point includes a first anchorage point provided on the beam below the middle cable tower 22, and the cable passes through and is fixed to the first anchorage point. Specifically, the first anchorage point includes a saddle on the beam 311. The saddle on the beam 311 can not only allow the cable to pass through but also fix a section of the cable passing through.

[0071] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the anchorage point further includes a second anchorage point; the second anchorage point is provided on the beam below the side cable tower 21, and one end of the cable is inserted and fixed to the second anchorage point. Specifically, the second anchorage point includes a beam anchorage seat 313, and the beam anchorage seat 313 can fix one end of the cable and the fixation is very firm.

[0072] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the anchorage point further includes a third anchorage point; the third anchorage point is provided at the upper end of the side cable tower 21, that is, the top of the tower, and the cable passes through and is fixed to the third anchorage point. Specifically, the third anchorage point includes a saddle on the top of the tower 231. Similar to the saddle on the beam 311, the saddle on the top of the tower 231 can not only allow the cable to pass through but also fix a section of the cable passing through.

[0073] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the anchorage point further includes a fourth anchorage point; the fourth anchorage point is provided at the end of the beam 30, and one end of the cable is inserted and fixed to the fourth anchorage point. Specifically, the fourth anchorage point includes a beam end anchorage 312, and the beam end anchorage 312 can fix one end of the cable and the fixation is very firm.

[0074] According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the cable tower includes tower columns 241, an upper cross beam 242 and a lower cross beam 243; there are two tower columns 241 extending in the vertical direction; the upper cross beam 242 and the lower cross beam 243 are respectively located at the upper end and the lower end of the tower columns 241 and connect the two tower columns 241. In this way, the entire cable tower structure is reasonable, the overall strength is high, and the bearing capacity is strong.

[0075] Further, the lower cross beam 243 is also used to support the beam 30. In this way, the beam 30 can be better supported and the structure is more stable.

[0076] A multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge designed according to the present invention solves the technical problems of weak longitudinal stiffness of the middle cable tower and low vertical stiffness of the structural system in the multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge in the prior art; and can reduce the cable force difference on both sides of the top of the middle cable tower, preventing the slip between the cable and the cable saddle at the top of the middle cable tower; it also has the characteristics of clear principle, simple structure and convenient implementation; has good economic and social benefits, and provides a competitive solution for the future selection of bridge structures.

[0077] It should be noted that the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0078] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be an electrical connection, or the communication inside two elements, can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present invention, if there are terms such as "first", "second", "third", they are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects. It can be understood that "first", "second", "third" can be interchanged with a specific order or sequence when allowed.

[0080] In the various specific technical features described in the specific embodiments, without contradiction, they can be combined in any suitable way. For example, different embodiments and technical solutions can be formed by combining different specific technical features. To avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combination methods of the specific technical features in the present invention are not described separately.

[0081] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge, characterized in that, The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge includes: Tower piers, which extend in the vertical direction; at least three tower piers are provided, including side tower piers arranged at both ends and a middle tower pier located between the two side tower piers; A beam, which passes through the tower piers, and both ends of the beam extend at least to the side tower piers; Cable stays, including at least a pair of cable stays arranged in a cross pattern. Along the extension direction from the first end to the second end of the beam, one of the pair of cable stays is alternately fixed to the upper end of the previous tower pier and the beam below the next tower pier, and the other of the pair of cable stays is alternately fixed to the beam below the previous tower pier and the upper end of the next tower pier; Hangers, which are arranged between the cable stays and the beam. The upper end of the hanger is fixed to the cable stay, and the lower end of the hanger is fixed to the beam; Anchorage points, which fix the cable stays. The anchorage points include a first anchorage point arranged on the beam below the middle tower pier, a second anchorage point arranged on the beam below the side tower pier, and a third anchorage point arranged at the upper end of the side tower pier. One of the pair of cable stays passes through and is fixed to the first anchorage point and the third anchorage point, and the other of the pair of cable stays is fixed to the second anchorage point and the upper end of the middle tower pier.

2. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to claim 1, wherein, The two cable stays in the pair of cable stays are spaced apart along the width direction of the beam, and the distance between the two cable stays is greater than a preset value.

3. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preset value is 0.5 meters.

4. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to claim 3, wherein Both ends of the beam extend beyond the side tower piers, and there are cable stays between the side tower piers and the ends of both ends of the beam; one end of the cable stay is fixed to the end of the beam, and the other end is fixed to the upper end of the side tower pier.

5. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that The number of tower piers is odd. One end of one of the pair of cable stays is respectively fixed to the ends of the beam, and the other end of the other of the pair of cable stays is fixed to the beams below the corresponding two side tower piers.

6. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to claim 4, wherein The number of tower piers is even. One end of one of the pair of cable stays is fixed to the end of the first end of the beam, and the other end is fixed to the beam below the corresponding side tower pier; one end of the other of the pair of cable stays is fixed to the end of the second end of the beam, and the other end is fixed to the beam below the corresponding side tower pier.

7. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both sides in the width direction of the beam include the pair of cable stays, and the cable stays on both sides are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the beam width.

8. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge further includes bridge piers, which are used to support both ends of the beam.

9. The multi-tower self-anchored suspension bridge according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The anchorage point further includes a second anchorage point; the second anchorage point is arranged on the beam below the side tower pier, and one end of the cable stay is inserted and fixed to the second anchorage point.

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