Ultrasonic probe structure and method for detecting bone powder vascularization and ossification

Abstract

The application discloses an ultrasonic probe structure and a method for detecting vascularization and osteogenesis of bone powder, and comprises a probe main body and a shell cover. The probe main body is detachably connected to the inside of the shell cover, the detection surface of the probe main body is exposed to the outside of the shell cover, and a baffle is detachably connected to the side wall of the shell cover and located on both sides of the detection surface of the probe main body. The probe main body shell cover combination device with added coupling agent is placed on the position of the patient's alveolar bone defect, the bilateral baffles are tightly attached to the inner and outer sides of the gums, the coupling agent is injected above the alveolar bone defect and is relatively fixed between the two baffles, the detection surface of the probe main body and the surrounding teeth, so that the loss of the coupling agent is avoided, air is prevented from entering between the detection surface and the bone defect, and the image quality is affected. In addition, the method for detecting the vascularization and osteogenesis of the bone powder after the bone powder is used for repairing the bone defect is provided, and the method has the advantages of non-invasion and non-radiation compared with the traditional imaging method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an ultrasonic probe structure and a method for detecting bone powder vascularization and ossification thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the use of bone powder as a scaffold for osteoconductive techniques to guide bone regeneration and repair various bone defects has become widespread in clinical practice, with a primary focus on alveolar bone defect repair. Following tooth extraction, alveolar bone loss can reach 40%-60% in the short term. Trauma, periodontal disease, and bone diseases can further exacerbate bone loss. With the advent of an aging society, the demand for dental implants is expected to increase. The greatest challenge facing implant surgery is the insufficient alveolar bone mass caused by these factors, which can hinder the success of implant surgery.

[0003] Currently, the common method for repairing alveolar bone defects is bone grafting with bone meal or osteogenic materials. Post-repair ossification is primarily assessed through X-rays, CT scans, and surgical exploration. The first two methods involve a certain degree of radioactivity and a high error rate. This means that even if bone formation is confirmed by imaging, a large amount of bone replacement material may remain during implant exploration, indicating poor osteogenesis. Furthermore, multiple radiation exposures are unacceptable for those preparing for or pregnant. The latter method requires surgical flap surgery to expose the bone surface. While accurate assessment of the outcome is possible, the multiple incisions and explorations are extremely painful for the patient.

[0004] Furthermore, the key to osteogenesis lies in blood supply. Blood vessels provide nutrients and dispose of waste by exchanging substances with tissue fluid. Therefore, the treatment of bone defects must rely on vascularization. Currently, imaging methods for detecting vascularization after block-shaped bone scaffold transplantation mainly include PET, radionuclide bone CT (SPECT), CT, and MRI. However, due to the small area of ​​bone powder transplantation, detecting vascularization with these methods is very difficult. Therefore, there is currently no effective method for clinically detecting vascularization after bone powder is used to repair bone defects.

[0005] Ultrasound, a non-invasive, radiation-free technique with a compact size and portability, can effectively visualize superficial soft tissue structures. Blood-based ultrasound imaging can directly reflect microvascular perfusion in organs. Currently, the various probes available on the market are large and difficult to fit completely into a patient's mouth. While translabial facial skin scanning can reveal peripheral alveolar defects, deep or medial defects are obscured by the outer alveolar region.

[0006] To improve the applicability of ultrasonic testing, various manufacturers have identified miniaturization and lightweighting as one of their research directions. However, due to the current limitations of dental ultrasound applications, a commercially available high-frequency four-dimensional ultrasound imaging probe body and method specifically for detecting vascularization and ossification of alveolar bone defects after repair have not yet been developed. Currently, smaller high-frequency ultrasound probe bodies are unable to penetrate the cavity of a single tooth defect. For example, GE's probe body can be as small as 1cm x 2cm. Currently, coupling agent is injected to fill the gap in the defect space to improve detection accuracy. However, during testing, the coupling agent inevitably flows, creating a gap between the probe body and the probe body, which can lead to poor patient experience. Therefore, we propose an ultrasonic probe structure and method for detecting bone vascularization and ossification. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic probe structure and a method for detecting bone powder vascularization and ossification thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ultrasonic probe structure, comprising a shell and a probe body, wherein the probe body is detachably connected to the inside of the shell, and the detection surface of the probe body is exposed to the outside of the shell; baffles are detachably connected to the side walls of the shell and located on both sides of the detection surface of the probe body; a space for filling with coupling agent is formed between the two baffles and the detection surface of the probe body to increase the fit between the detection surface of the probe body and the alveolar bone; a clamping piece for clamping the probe body and the baffle is provided inside the shell.

[0009] Preferably, the baffle includes a plug-in plate, which is movably plugged into the inside of the slot to achieve a detachable connection with the shell sleeve. The slot is opened on the side wall of the shell sleeve, and the lower side of the plug-in plate is fixedly connected to a baffle for preventing the filled coupling agent from leaking from the alveolar bone.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping part includes an elastic sheet, and there are multiple elastic sheets, which are distributed around the inner wall of the shell sleeve, the two ends of the elastic sheet are hook-shaped, and the middle part of the elastic sheet is concave and fixed to the inner wall of the shell sleeve by bolts, the upper end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected with a protrusion close to the side wall of the probe body, and the shape of the protrusion is spherical, and the protrusion is movably clamped in the inside of the groove to fix the probe body in the inside of the shell sleeve, and the groove is opened on the side wall of the probe body, and the lower end of the elastic sheet is squeezed and deformed by the side wall of the probe body and extends to the inside of the slot and is movably clamped in the inside of the slot, and the lower end of the elastic sheet is clamped in the inside of the slot to clamp the plug-in board in the inside of the slot.

[0011] Preferably, the probe body is electrically connected with a wire, the outer end of the wire penetrates through the side wall of the shell and extends to the outside, and the probe body can be electrically connected with the external ultrasonic detection equipment through the wire, so that the information detected by the probe body can be transmitted to the external ultrasonic detection equipment.

[0012] Preferably, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the shell for leading the wire outward, and a sheath is clamped on the side wall of the through hole and above the wire.

[0013] Preferably, a handle block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell and below the wire.

[0014] Preferably, an upper protective plate is arranged above the shell, the lower side of the upper protective plate is fixedly connected with a rotating disc, the lower end of the rotating disc is engagedly connected to the upper side of the shell, a rotating ring is rotatably sleeved to the side wall of the rotating disc, a handle is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating ring, a jack rod is threadedly rotatably connected to the inside of the handle, the inner end of the jack rod is movably pressed against the side wall of the rotating disc, and a rotating handle is arranged at the outer end of the jack rod.

[0015] A method for detecting bone powder vascularization and osteogenesis by using an ultrasonic probe structure, comprising the following steps:

[0016] M1, using the probe to perform two-dimensional gray scale, three-dimensional gray scale and color Doppler ultrasound scanning on the bone powder transplantation area respectively, and obtaining corresponding ultrasonic images.

[0017] M2: under the condition of ultrasonic contrast, without blood contrast, using the probe to perform two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound scanning on the bone powder transplantation area respectively, and obtaining corresponding ultrasonic images.

[0018] M3: under the condition of ultrasonic contrast, using the probe to perform two-dimensional and four-dimensional blood contrast on the bone powder transplantation area respectively, and obtaining corresponding real-time ultrasonic images and contrast parameters.

[0019] Preferably, in steps M1, M2 and M3, the working frequency range of the probe is 7-30 MHz, and the probe is provided with three-dimensional and four-dimensional ultrasonic contrast functions. The equipment parameters of each ultrasonic detection must be the same for the same detection object, such as frequency, depth, gain, etc.

[0020] Preferably, steps M1, M2 and M3 are performed multiple times at different time points before and after the bone powder bone defect repair surgery. The ultrasonic contrast agent dose is not limited within a safe range, but the dose used in each ultrasonic detection must be the same for the same detection object.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The probe structure of the present invention fills the space between the two baffles and the probe body's detection surface with coupling agent. The probe is then placed at the location of the patient's alveolar bone defect. The coupling agent is relatively fixed between the two baffles, the probe body's detection surface, and the surrounding teeth, preventing loss of coupling agent and the entry of air between the detection surface and the bone defect, which could affect image quality. The coupling agent creates a certain distance between the probe's detection surface and the bone defect, thereby reducing interference from multiple reflections from the probe body's matching layer and improving ultrasound image quality. A housing protects the probe body from occluding teeth, and the presence of a protective plate effectively prevents the wires from being damaged by the patient's occluding teeth.

[0023] 2. The probe structure of the present invention enables the probe body to be detachably connected to the shell through a snap-on piece, which facilitates the rapid removal of the probe body from the inside of the shell. At this time, the probe body removed from the shell can be placed in most positions around the alveolar bone in the oral cavity, especially the lingual side of the alveolar bone. Without the obstruction of the outer layer of skin, it can directly adhere to the periodontal tissue.

[0024] 3. The detection method of the present application, the superficial high-frequency hematogenous four-dimensional ultrasound angiography technology and the non-hematogenous three-dimensional ultrasound angiography status imaging technology are applied to the detection of vascularization and ossification after alveolar bone defect repair. It is an innovative application that has the advantages of being non-invasive and radiation-free compared to traditional imaging methods, and can provide clinical new indicators for the prognosis of alveolar bone defect repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure I ;

[0026] Figure 2 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure II ;

[0027] Figure 3 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure III ;

[0028] Figure 4 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure IV ;

[0029] Figure 5 An exploded view of the housing, upper guard plate, turntable, swivel, handle and ejector rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the housing, probe body, plug-in board and baffle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 The cross-section of the shell, probe body, connector, plug-in board and baffle of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure I ;

[0032] Figure 8 Sectional view of the shell, probe body, clamping piece, plug-in plate and stop sheet of the present application Figure II ;

[0033] Figure 9 Enlarged view of A of the present application Figure 8 ;

[0034] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the plug-in plate, stop sheet and clamping slot of the present application

[0035] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the shell, through hole, clamping piece and plug-in slot of the present application

[0036] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the shell, through hole and sheath of the present application

[0037] Figure 13 Structure diagram of the probe body, wire and handle block of the present application

[0038] Figure 14 State diagram when the present application is used

[0039] Figure 15 -A is a two-dimensional gray scale image before bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0040] Figure 15 -B is a two-dimensional gray scale image 8 weeks after bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0041] Figure 16 -A is a three-dimensional gray scale image before bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0042] Figure 16 -B is a three-dimensional gray scale image 4 weeks after bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0043] Figure 17 -A is a color Doppler image before bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0044] Figure 17 -B is a color Doppler image 1 week after bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0045] Figure 18 -A is a non-blood two-dimensional ultrasound contrast state imaging image before bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0046] Figure 18 -B is a non-blood two-dimensional ultrasound contrast state imaging image 2 weeks after bone powder transplantation of the method of the present application

[0047] Figure 19-A is the blood two-dimensional ultrasound contrast TIC curve parameter analysis chart of the method of the application 1 week after bone powder transplantation;

[0048] Figure 19 -B is the blood two-dimensional ultrasound contrast TIC curve parameter analysis chart of the method of the application 4 weeks after bone powder transplantation.

[0049] In the figure: 1, the shell, 101, the through hole, 2, the probe body, 201, the wire, 3, the clamping piece, 301, the elastic sheet, 302, the bolt, 303, the protruding block, 4, the baffle, 401, the plug-in plate, 402, the baffle, 403, the clamping groove, 5, the slot, 6, the groove, 7, the sheath, 701, the ring groove, 702, the positioning block, 8, the positioning groove, 9, the handle block, 10, the upper guard plate, 11, the rotating disc, 12, the rotating ring, 13, the handle, 14, the top rod, 15, the handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1-19 The present application provides a technical solution: an ultrasonic probe structure, comprising a shell 1 and a probe body 2, the probe body 2 is detachably connected inside the shell 1, the detection surface of the probe body 2 is exposed outside the shell 1, and the side wall of the shell 1 and located on both sides of the detection surface of the probe body 2 are detachably connected with baffles 4, the space for filling coupling agent is formed between the two baffles 4, the detection surface of the probe body 2 and the surrounding teeth, which avoids the loss of coupling agent, the air entering between the detection surface and the bone defect, and the influence on the image quality, at the same time, the space makes a certain distance between the probe detection surface and the bone defect, thereby reducing the interference of the multiple reflections of the probe body matching layer and improving the quality of the ultrasonic image. The inside of the shell 1 is provided with a clamping piece 3 for clamping the probe body 2 and the baffle 4.

[0052] As Figure 6As shown, in order to be able to replace the baffle 4 to adapt to different situations, and in some special cases such as the detection of the inner and outer sides of the periodontium, the baffle 4 can be completely removed, the baffle 4 includes a plug-in plate 401, and the plug-in plate 401 is movably plugged into the inside of the slot 5 to achieve a detachable connection with the shell 1. The slot 5 is opened on the side wall of the shell 1, and the lower side of the plug-in plate 401 is fixedly connected with a baffle 402 for preventing the filled coupling agent from losing from the alveolar bone. In order to make the baffle 402 more suitable for different patient usage scenarios, after the plug-in plate 401 is removed from the slot 5, baffles 402 of different lengths can be replaced to be suitable for patients with different tooth lengths (for example, the teeth of children and adults are of different sizes). In addition, the two sides of the baffle 402 are folded inward, which can better fit the patient's teeth, and then the coupling agent can be blocked in the alveolar, thereby preventing the coupling agent from losing from the inside of the alveolar, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0053] like Figure 7-9 As shown, in order to be able to clamp the probe body 2 and the baffle 4 on the shell 1 to achieve stable detection, the clamping member 3 includes an elastic piece 301, and the number of elastic pieces 301 is multiple, and the multiple elastic pieces 301 are distributed around the inner side wall of the shell 1. The two ends of the elastic piece 301 are hook-shaped and bent, and the middle part of the elastic piece 301 is concave and fixed to the inner side wall of the shell 1 by bolts 302. The upper end of the elastic piece 301 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the probe body 2 near the probe body 2. The protrusion 303 is movably clamped in the inside of the groove 6 to achieve fixing the probe body 2 inside the shell 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 、 9 As shown, the groove 6 is opened on the side wall of the probe body 2, and the shape of the protrusion 303 is spherical. The shape of the groove 6 is adapted to the shape of the protrusion 303. The lower end of the elastic sheet 301 is squeezed and deformed by the side wall of the probe body 2 and extends to the inside of the slot 5 and is movably engaged with the inside of the slot 403. The lower end of the elastic sheet 301 is engaged with the inside of the slot 403 to realize the engagement of the plug-in board 401 with the inside of the slot 5. The slot 403 is located on the side of the plug-in board 401. This structure can utilize the elastic force of the elastic sheet 301 squeezed by the probe body 2 to clamp the plug-in board 401. Of course, the installation has a sequence. First, place the plug-in board 401 inside the slot 5 and then insert the probe body 2 into the shell 1.

[0054] like Figure 3 、 4As shown, in order to facilitate the probe body 2 to transmit the emitted and reflected waveforms outward and transmit the power required by the probe, the probe body 2 is electrically connected to a wire 201, and the outer end of the wire 201 passes through the side wall of the shell 1 and extends to the outside. The probe body 2 can be electrically connected to an external ultrasonic detection device through the wire 201, so that the information detected by the probe body 2 can be transmitted to the external ultrasonic device.

[0055] like Figure 12 As shown, in order to prevent the wire 201 from being damaged by the patient's upper and lower teeth, specifically, a through hole 101 for leading the wire 201 outward is opened on the side wall of the shell 1, and a sheath 7 is clamped on the side wall of the through hole 101 and above the wire 201. The sheath 7 is preferably made of medical rubber. An annular groove 701 is opened at one end of the sheath 7. The annular groove 701 cooperates with the side wall of the tube through hole 101 to fix the sheath 7. A positioning block 702 is provided on the side wall of the sheath 7, and a positioning groove 8 is opened on the side wall of the through hole 101. When the positioning block 702 is clamped in the interior of the positioning groove 8, the angle of the sheath 7 can be fixed to prevent the sheath 7 from deflecting inside the tube through hole 101.

[0056] When the probe body 2 is inserted into the shell 1, the sheath 7 is first connected to the side wall of the through hole 101, and then the wire 201 is placed in the through hole 101. As the probe body 2 is inserted into the shell 1, the wire 201 moves to the bottom of the sheath 7 in the through hole 101 and fits with the sheath 7. At this time, the sheath 7 protects the wire 201 and prevents the wire 201 from being damaged by the patient's upper and lower teeth.

[0057] like Figure 4-6 As shown, in order to fix the wire 201 inside the through hole 101, specifically, a handle block 9 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell 1 and below the wire 201. After the probe body 2 is stuck in the inside of the shell 1, the handle block 9 will squeeze the wire 201 into the through hole 101, and the wire 201 will be fixed at this time.

[0058] like Figure 1 、 5 As shown, in order to facilitate driving the shell 1 into the patient's mouth or taking the shell 1 out of the patient's mouth, specifically, an upper guard plate 10 is provided on the top of the shell 1, and a turntable 11 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper guard plate 10. The lower end of the turntable 11 is meshedly connected to the upper side of the shell 1, and a swivel 12 is rotatably sleeved on the side wall of the turntable 11. A handle 13 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swivel 12. The inside of the handle 13 is rotatably connected to a push rod 14 through a thread. The inner end of the push rod 14 movably presses on the side wall of the turntable 11, and the outer end of the push rod 14 is provided with a rotating handle 15.

[0059] When the probe body 2 and the baffle 4 are clamped into the inside of the shell 1, the handle 13 is pulled to make the rotating ring 12 rotate on the rotating disc 11, and then the angle of the handle 13 on the shell 1 is adjusted, when the angle is adjusted, the rotating handle 15 is rotated to make the top rod 14 rotate in the inside of the handle 13, and the top rod 14 is screwed with the handle 13, and then the top rod 14 is moved in the handle 13, at this time, the inner end of the top rod 14 will press on the side wall of the rotating disc 11, so as to fix the handle 13, then the medical staff holds the handle 13, and the probe body shell combined device can be easily placed in the oral cavity of the patient, and after the examination, the probe body shell combined device can also be easily taken out from the oral cavity of the patient through the handle 13, which provides convenience for the examination of the alveolar bone.

[0060] In use, the baffle 4 with the appropriate length of the blocking piece 402 is selected, and the baffle 4 is inserted into the inside of the insertion slot 5, and then the probe body 2 is clamped into the inside of the shell 1 from below the shell 1, when the probe body 2 is clamped into the inside of the shell 1, first, the side wall of the probe body 2 will extrude the lower end of the elastic piece 301 outward, so that the lower end of the elastic piece 301 is deformed under the extrusion force, and the lower end of the elastic piece 301 is inserted into the inside of the insertion slot 5 after deformation and is pressed in the clamping groove 403, at this time, the baffle 4 is fixed on the shell 1, and as the probe body 2 continues to be clamped into the inside of the shell 1, the upper side of the probe body 2 will contact the upper end of the elastic piece 301, and the upper end of the elastic piece 301 will also be deformed after being extruded by the side wall of the probe body 2 (in this process, the lower end of the elastic piece 301 is always extruded by the side wall of the probe body 2 and clamped in the inside of the clamping groove 403), when the probe body 2 is completely clamped into the inside of the shell 1, the protrusion 303 is clamped in the recess 6, at this time, the probe body 2 is fixed and clamped in the inside of the shell 1 through the restoring force of the upper end of the elastic piece 301 (as shown in Figure 7 , and then the angle of the handle 13 is adjusted and fixed, the coupling agent is filled in the space between the detection surface of the probe body 2 and the two baffles 4, the probe body shell combined device is put into the mouth of the patient by holding the handle 13 (as Figure 1 、 2The probe body shell set combination device is placed on the alveolar bone defect position (as shown), that is, the two baffles 4 are respectively blocked on both sides of the alveolar bone, at this time, the coupling agent is filled on the alveolar bone defect, the coupling agent is more attached to the examination site, which is beneficial to the ultrasonic detection of the alveolar bone by the probe body 2, after the detection is completed, the probe body shell set combination device is taken out from the inside of the patient's oral cavity through the handheld handle 13, the protruding block 303 is disengaged from the clamping of the groove 6 by pulling the handle block 9 downward, at this time, the probe body 2 can be taken out from the inside of the shell 1, when the probe body 2 is taken out, the lower end of the elastic sheet 301 is reset and taken out from the inside of the clamping groove 403, at this time, the insertion plate 401 can be taken out from the inside of the insertion groove 5, the separation of the baffle 4 and the shell 1 is realized, of course, for some needs, the baffle can also not be used.

[0061] In specific use, the following alveolar bone surface defect bone powder implantation repair is taken as an example, first, the baffles on both sides of the probe body 2 and other components are installed, sufficient coupling agent is injected between the baffles 4 and the detection surface of the probe body 2, then the probe body shell set combination structure of the application is placed on the alveolar bone defect, the two baffles 4 are respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the alveolar bone, the patient's upper alveolar teeth can lightly bite the upper baffle 10 of the probe, reducing the discomfort of the patient for a long time with the mouth open, then the doctor or the patient holds the probe rotating handle 15 to adapt to the needs of different positions at a fixed angle, and during use, the baffle 4 can be selected not to be installed according to the actual situation. The upper baffle 10 can also block the tongue and the soft tissue of the lateral cheek according to the position of the actual use, reducing the pressure on the probe, so that the alveolar bone defect site tissue reduces the blood perfusion blockage caused by excessive pressure.

[0062] A method for detecting the vascularization and osteogenesis of bone powder by using the ultrasonic probe structure of the application

[0063] Since the structural product of the application has not been produced and has not been verified for multiple periods of clinical trials, it cannot be directly applied to the human body at present, therefore, the following example data takes the rat skull defect model as an example, and the rat skull defect model is a common form used for simulating oral and maxillofacial bone regeneration research, taking bone powder implantation repair as an example, the baffles are removed by using the probe structure of the application, and then the following steps are performed:

[0064] Step 1, an appropriate amount of coupling agent is applied between the bone defect and the probe, the probe is placed on the bone defect area, two-dimensional gray scale, three-dimensional gray scale and color Doppler ultrasonic detection are performed, the parameters of the ultrasonic equipment are adjusted to make the image reach the best state, and all parameter values are recorded and fixed, for example, frequency, depth, gain, wall filter, pulse repetition frequency, etc. The detection is not limited to color Doppler, but can also be energy Doppler, B-Flow or super micro blood flow imaging (SMI) detection, after the corresponding ultrasonic images are obtained, the ultrasonic images of two-dimensional gray scale, three-dimensional gray scale and color Doppler ultrasonic detection are stored and analyzed, respectively Figures 15 to 17 and A and B on the figure are contrastive images before and after bone powder transplantation.

[0065] For three-dimensional gray scale images, if there is a bone powder defect area after bone powder transplantation, the area should be measured as one of the preferred indicators for measuring the changes of bone defect repair, that is, as shown in Figure 16 B. And after obtaining three-dimensional gray scale images, the area of the defect bone plate is measured on the ultrasound device, which is used as one of the indicators for measuring the changes of bone defect repair. However, due to the similar signals of bone powder and surrounding bone plate displayed by three-dimensional gray scale after bone powder transplantation, especially the difficulty in distinguishing the boundaries in the later stage of bone powder osteogenesis, this indicator is only used as a secondary reference.

[0066] In addition, as shown in Figure 15 , the two-dimensional gray scale images obtained should be selected at the maximum bone defect section, and the distance between the two ends of the bone plate is measured on the ultrasound device, which is used as one of the indicators for measuring the changes of bone defect repair. However, due to the similar signals of bone powder and two end bone plate displayed by two-dimensional gray scale after bone powder transplantation, especially the difficulty in distinguishing the boundaries in the later stage of bone powder osteogenesis, this indicator is only used as a secondary reference.

[0067] For color Doppler images, the maximum bone defect section should be selected and graded using the modified Alder method, and the grading is used as one of the indicators for measuring the number of new blood vessels in the transplantation area, that is, grade 0: no obvious blood flow signal is found in the transplantation area. Grade I: a small amount of blood flow signal is found in the transplantation area, and 1-2 point-like or thin rod-like blood vessels can be seen. Grade II: a moderate amount of blood flow signal is found in the transplantation area, and 3-4 point-like blood vessels or 1 long blood vessel penetrating into the lesion can be seen, and the length can be close to or more than half the thickness of the transplantation area. Grade III: a large amount of blood flow signal is found in the transplantation area, and ≥5 point-like blood vessels or 2 long blood vessels penetrating into the lesion can be seen, and the length can be close to or more than half the thickness of the transplantation area. As shown in Figure 17 A is grade 0 and 17B is grade I. However, due to the increased surface reflection in the later stage of bone powder osteogenesis, the color Doppler produces flickering artifacts, so this indicator is only used as a secondary reference.

[0068] In step 2, the same amount of coupling agent is applied between the bone defect and the probe, the probe body 2 is placed on the bone defect area, and the two-dimensional gray scale ultrasound imaging is confirmed. After setting the ultrasound device to the ultrasound contrast state, but not performing blood contrast, the bone defect area is scanned in multiple sections to find the best section and fully display it in the center of the screen. At the same time, adjust the parameters of the ultrasound device to achieve the best state of the image and record and fix all parameter values, such as mechanical index, frequency, depth, gain, dynamic range, instrument output power, etc. After that, the bone powder transplantation area is scanned by two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound respectively, and the corresponding non-blood ultrasound contrast state imaging is obtained. Figure 18 A and B are contrastive images of non-blood two-dimensional ultrasound contrast state imaging before and after bone powder transplantation.

[0069] As shown in Figure 18 the maximum bone defect, and measure the distance between the two ends of the bone plate on the ultrasound device, which is one of the preferred indicators for measuring the changes in bone defect repair. The principle is that in the ultrasound contrast state, the fundamental wave of the tissue is completely suppressed, and only the nonlinear signal such as the second harmonic wave is extracted. In the case where no contrast agent is used, only the nonlinear signal generated by the bone plate is received and displayed on the image. The bone powder wrapped in soft tissue does not form a bone plate, and the nonlinear signal generated by the bone powder is too weak to be displayed because the density is much lower than that of the bone plate. Therefore, the structure of the two end bone plates can be clearly displayed in this state. Moreover, since the three-dimensional image is obtained by superimposing and fusing each section of the two-dimensional image, the non-blood three-dimensional ultrasound contrast state imaging can more clearly display the range of the bone plate in the entire transplantation area than the gray-scale three-dimensional imaging. After obtaining the non-blood three-dimensional ultrasound contrast state imaging, the area of the defect bone plate is measured on the ultrasound device, which is one of the preferred indicators for measuring the changes in bone defect repair.

[0070] In step 3, the probe body 2 is placed on the bone defect area in the same way by applying an appropriate amount of coupling agent between the bone defect and the probe. After confirming the position by two-dimensional gray-scale ultrasound imaging, the ultrasound device is set to the ultrasound contrast state, and a peripheral intravenous access is established for the subject and the ultrasound contrast agent is prepared according to the instructions. Then, blood two-dimensional and four-dimensional ultrasound contrast are performed on the defect area, and the corresponding real-time ultrasound contrast images and contrast parameters are obtained and stored for analysis. The blood two-dimensional ultrasound contrast image should be taken at the maximum bone defect. Then, the ultrasound contrast analysis software is used to draw the bone transplantation area and obtain the TIC time intensity curve to obtain the following parameters: baseline intensity, peak intensity, enhanced intensity (difference between peak intensity and baseline intensity), peak time, etc. The enhanced intensity reflects the number of red blood cells entering the transplantation area, and the peak time reflects the length of time the contrast agent stays in the transplantation area. These are one of the preferred indicators for measuring the number of new blood vessels in the transplantation area. Figure 19 A and B are blood two-dimensional ultrasound contrast TIC curve parameter analysis comparison charts for 1 week and 4 weeks after bone powder transplantation. Blood four-dimensional ultrasound contrast imaging can dynamically display the entire contrast process, so it can display the range of blood perfusion in the entire transplantation area. After obtaining the image, the time axis is dragged to the peak time point, and the area of the enhanced or non-enhanced region is measured on the ultrasound device, which is one of the preferred indicators for measuring the distribution range of new blood vessels in the transplantation area.

[0071] Further, the frequency of the probe in the above embodiments can be relaxed to a superficial high-frequency ultrasound probe within the range of 7-100 MHz, and the probe can be scanned on the transplantation area in any section, i.e., the long axis of the probe can be parallel or perpendicular to the long axis of the transplantation area, or the transplantation area of interest can be observed and imaged in any section.

[0072] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for detecting bone vascularization and ossification using an ultrasonic probe structure, characterized in that: The ultrasonic probe comprises a shell (1) and a probe body (2), wherein the probe body (2) is detachably connected to the inside of the shell (1), and is characterized in that: the detection surface of the probe body (2) is exposed outside the shell (1), baffles (4) are detachably connected on the side walls of the shell (1) and located on both sides of the detection surface of the probe body (2), and a clamping member (3) for clamping the probe body (2) and the baffle (4) is provided inside the shell (1), the baffle (4) comprises a plug-in plate (401), the plug-in plate (401) is movably plugged into the inside of the slot (5), and a baffle (402) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the plug-in plate (401), and the clamping member (3) comprises an elastic sheet (301), the two ends of the elastic sheet (301) are hook-shaped, and the middle part of the elastic sheet (301) is concave and is passed through the bolt (302). The probe body (2) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (1), the upper end of the elastic sheet (301) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the probe body (2) with a protrusion (303), the protrusion (303) is movably engaged with the inside of the groove (6), the lower end of the elastic sheet (301) is squeezed and deformed by the side wall of the probe body (2) and extends to the inside of the slot (5) and is movably engaged with the inside of the card slot (403), the probe body (2) is electrically connected to a wire (201), the outer end of the wire (201) passes through the side wall of the shell (1) and extends to the outside, the side wall of the shell (1) is provided with a through hole (101) for leading the wire (201) outward, the side wall of the through hole (101) is engaged with a sheath (7) located above the wire (201), the side wall of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with a handle block (9) located below the wire (201), An upper guard plate (10) is provided above the shell (1), a turntable (11) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper guard plate (10), the lower end of the turntable (11) is meshedly connected to the upper side of the shell (1), a swivel (12) is rotatably sleeved on the side wall of the turntable (11), a handle (13) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swivel (12), the interior of the handle (13) is rotatably connected to a push rod (14) through a thread, the inner end of the push rod (14) is movably pressed against the side wall of the turntable (11), and the outer end of the push rod (14) is provided with a rotating handle (15); The method for detecting bone powder vascularization and ossification comprises the following steps: M1. Use this probe to perform two-dimensional grayscale, three-dimensional grayscale, and color Doppler ultrasound scans of the bone powder transplantation area to obtain corresponding ultrasound images. For three-dimensional grayscale images, if a bone powder defect area appears after bone powder transplantation, its area should be measured as one of the preferred indicators for measuring changes in bone defect repair. The obtained two-dimensional grayscale image should select the largest part of the bone defect cross-section, and measure the distance between the two end bone plates on the ultrasound device. This is used as one of the indicators for measuring changes in bone defect repair. However, since the bone powder and the two end bone plates displayed in two-dimensional grayscale after bone powder transplantation are similar in signal, especially in the late stage of bone formation, it is difficult to distinguish their boundary. Therefore, this indicator is only used as a secondary reference. M2: Under ultrasound contrast imaging, without blood flow, the probe is used to perform two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound scans of the bone powder transplantation area to obtain corresponding ultrasound images; M3: Under ultrasound contrast imaging, this probe is used to perform two-dimensional and four-dimensional blood-line ultrasound imaging of the bone powder transplantation area to obtain corresponding real-time ultrasound images and imaging parameters.

2. The method for detecting bone powder vascularization and ossification using an ultrasonic probe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps M1, M2 and M3, the operating frequency range of the probe is 7-30 MHz, and the probe has built-in three-dimensional and four-dimensional ultrasound imaging functions. For the same test object, the equipment parameters for each ultrasound test must be the same.

3. The method for detecting bone powder vascularization and ossification using an ultrasonic probe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps M1, M2 and M3 are performed multiple times at different time points before and after the bone powder bone defect repair surgery. The ultrasound contrast dose is not limited within a safe range, but the dose used for each ultrasound test on the same test subject must be the same.

Images