Methods, apparatus, storage media and electronic equipment for determining horizontal slip distance in stages

Abstract

This application relates to the field of geological structural analysis technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, and electronic equipment for determining the stage of horizontal slip distance. It solves the problem in existing technologies that the horizontal slip distance cannot be quantitatively calculated in stages during the development stages of overlying en echelon normal faults and underlying vertical strike-slip faults. First, the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on 3D seismic data. Then, based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile, the main active stratigraphic system of the strike-slip faults in the area is determined. Finally, the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip faults and overlying en echelon normal faults in the caprock-draggered strike-slip fault is determined based on relevant attribute maps. Based on this, and combined with the formation theory of overlying en echelon normal faults in caprock-draggered strike-slip faults, the inherent relationship between the cumulative fault displacement of the en echelon normal faults and the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault is used to achieve quantitative estimation of the staged horizontal slip distance of multi-stage active caprock-draggered underground strike-slip faults.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geological structural analysis technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, storage medium and electronic equipment for determining the grading of horizontal slip distance. Background Technology

[0002] Strike-slip faults are widely distributed within sedimentary basins. In the Tarim Basin, these strike-slip faults are characterized by "vertical layered deformation, planar segmentation of the main slip zone, and vertical multi-stage superposition," generally manifesting as the longitudinal superposition of underlying vertical strike-slip faults and overlying en echelon normal faults. Within the basin, these strike-slip faults are active in multiple stages with low intensity. Quantitatively calculating the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults in different stages is one of the main technical challenges in structural analysis. Currently, scholars both domestically and internationally have provided various methods for analyzing the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults. For example, the marker faulting method involves reconstructing the paleochannels, igneous bodies, lithological interfaces, and other faults that indicate the fault's faulting to determine the slip distance. Another example is the geometric reconstruction method for strike-slip fault superimposed compressional complex structures, which mainly relies on the principle of area conservation to reconstruct the geometry of the superimposed compressional complex structure before and after deformation to calculate its slip distance.

[0003] Existing methods can effectively calculate the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults. However, these methods have significant limitations in the phased and quantitative calculation of the horizontal slip distance of multi-phase active caprock-dragging underground strike-slip faults. The methods mentioned above calculate the cumulative effect of the horizontal slip distance of strike-slip faults during multiple phases of activity, and cannot quantitatively calculate the horizontal slip distance during the development periods of overlying en echelon normal faults and underlying vertical strike-slip faults. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of not being able to quantitatively calculate the horizontal slip distance during the development stages of the overlying en echelon normal faults and the underlying vertical strike-slip faults, this application provides a method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device for determining the stages of horizontal slip distance.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for determining the phases of horizontal slip distance, the method comprising:

[0006] The layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured.

[0007] The main active strata of the strike-slip faults in the area to be tested are determined based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile.

[0008] Obtain the coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active layer system, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the cap layer drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map.

[0009] The horizontal slip distance of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases is determined based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0010] In the above implementation method, firstly, the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on the 3D seismic data of the area to be measured. Then, the main active stratigraphic system of the strike-slip faults in the area to be measured is determined based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile. Finally, the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock dragged strike-slip fault is determined based on the relevant attribute map. On this basis, combined with the formation theory of the en echelon normal fault overlying the caprock dragged strike-slip fault, the inherent relationship between the cumulative fault displacement of the en echelon normal fault and the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault is used to achieve phased and quantitative estimation of the horizontal slip distance of the multi-phase active caprock dragged underground strike-slip fault.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above method for determining the horizontal slip distance in stages,

[0012] The step of determining the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured includes:

[0013] Obtain 3D seismic data for the area to be measured;

[0014] Well-seismic calibration was performed on the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain the well-seismic calibration results;

[0015] The layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile were determined based on the well-seismic calibration results and the seismic profiles in the three-dimensional seismic data.

[0016] In the above embodiments, well-seismic calibration serves as a bridge establishing the connection between well logging and seismic data. Well logging data has high vertical resolution, while seismic data has high lateral resolution. Well logging data is depth-domain, while seismic data is time-domain. Well-seismic calibration establishes the correspondence between the well logging depth domain and the seismic time domain, providing an accurate time-depth relationship for subsequent determination of the layering characteristics of strike-slip fault profiles.

[0017] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above method for determining the horizontal slip distance in stages,

[0018] The step of determining the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault includes:

[0019] The number of overlying en echelon normal faults, n, above the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0020] Based on the number of layers, determine the horizontal slip distance during the formation period and the active period of the n-layer en echelon normal fault;

[0021] Obtain the total horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip faults in the area to be tested;

[0022] Based on the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal fault distances of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical strike-slip fault (L) n The horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined; wherein, the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active periods includes the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the n-layer en echelon normal fault and the horizontal slip distance during the active period and the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

[0023] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above method for determining the horizontal slip distance in stages,

[0024] The step of determining the horizontal slip distance and active period of the nth en echelon normal fault based on the layer number n includes:

[0025] If the number of layers is a positive integer less than 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in the development stage and the horizontal slip distance of the first en echelon normal fault during its formation stage is determined according to the first calculation formula.

[0026] If the number of layers is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in an active period, and the horizontal slip distance of the nth en echelon normal fault during its formation period is determined according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance of the nth en echelon normal fault during its formation period.

[0027] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above method for determining the horizontal slip distance in stages,

[0028] The step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault according to the first calculation formula includes:

[0029] Obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults;

[0030] The horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first layer of en echelon normal fault is determined based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the first calculation formula.

[0031] The first calculation formula is: S1 represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault, and L represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0032] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above method for determining the horizontal slip distance in stages,

[0033] The step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault includes:

[0034] Obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults;

[0035] The horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault is determined based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault.

[0036] The formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] S n L represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the en echelon normal fault in the nth layer. n This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in layer n-1 along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0039] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above method for determining the horizontal slip distance in stages,

[0040] The sum of the total horizontal slip distance and the horizontal fault distances along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip faults of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer (L) n The step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault includes:

[0041] Calculate the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). n The difference between )

[0042] The difference is taken as the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fracture.

[0043] Secondly, this application also provides a device for determining the phased horizontal sliding distance, the device comprising:

[0044] The layering feature determination module is used to determine the layering features of the strike-slip fault profile of the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured.

[0045] The main active strata determination module is used to determine the main active strata of the strike-slip fault in the area to be tested based on the stratification characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile.

[0046] The planar distribution determination module is used to obtain the coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active layer system, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the cap layer drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map.

[0047] The horizontal slip distance determination module is used to determine the horizontal slip distance of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0048] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal slip distance grading determination device, the layering feature determination module includes:

[0049] The 3D seismic data acquisition unit is used to acquire 3D seismic data of the area to be measured.

[0050] The well-seismic calibration unit is used to perform well-seismic calibration on the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain well-seismic calibration results.

[0051] The layering feature determination unit is used to determine the layering features of the strike-slip fault profile based on the well-seismic calibration results and the seismic profiles in the three-dimensional seismic data.

[0052] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal sliding distance phase determination device, the horizontal sliding distance determination module includes:

[0053] The layer number determination unit is used to determine the number of overlying en echelon normal faults above the underlying vertical strike-slip fault based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capping drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0054] The horizontal slip distance determination unit for the formation period of the en echelon normal fault is used to determine the horizontal slip distance and the active period of the formation period of the different en echelon normal faults based on the number of layers.

[0055] The total horizontal slip distance acquisition unit is used to acquire the total horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault in the area to be tested;

[0056] The horizontal slip distance determination unit for the formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is used to determine the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal fault distances of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). nThe horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined; wherein, the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active periods includes the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the n-layer en echelon normal fault and the horizontal slip distance during the active period and the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

[0057] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal slip distance grading device, the horizontal slip distance determination unit for the formation period of the n-layer en echelon normal fault includes:

[0058] The first calculation subunit is used to determine that the en echelon normal fault is in the development stage and to determine the horizontal slip distance of the first en echelon normal fault during its formation period according to the first calculation formula if the number of layers n is a positive integer less than 2.

[0059] The second calculation subunit is used to determine that the en echelon normal fault is in an active period if the number of layers is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and to determine the horizontal slip distance of the nth en echelon normal fault during its formation period according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance of the nth en echelon normal fault during its formation period.

[0060] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal sliding distance phase determination device, the first calculation subunit includes:

[0061] The first layer of en echelon normal fault horizontal displacement and en echelon angle acquisition sub-unit is used to acquire the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults;

[0062] The first en echelon normal fault formation period horizontal slip distance determination subunit is used to determine the horizontal slip distance of the first en echelon normal fault formation period based on the horizontal fault distance, the en echelon angle and the first calculation formula;

[0063] The first calculation formula is: S1 represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault, and L represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0064] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal sliding distance phase determination device, the second calculation subunit includes:

[0065] The subunit for obtaining the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of the nth layer of en echelon normal faults is used to obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults.

[0066] The subunit for determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal fault is used to determine the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal fault based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal fault.

[0067] The formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] S n L represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the en echelon normal fault in the nth layer. n This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in layer n-1 along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0070] S n L represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the en echelon normal fault in the nth layer. n This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in layer n-1 along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0071] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal slip distance grading device, the horizontal slip distance determination unit for the initial formation period of the underlying vertical fault includes:

[0072] The difference calculation subunit is used to calculate the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). n The difference between )

[0073] The sub-unit for determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fracture is used to take the difference as the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fracture.

[0074] Thirdly, this application provides a storage medium storing a computer program that can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the horizontal slip distance phase determination method as described above.

[0075] Fourthly, this application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, performs the above-described method for determining the horizontal slip distance in stages.

[0076] Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the above solutions may have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0077] This application provides a method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device for determining the chronology of horizontal slip distance. The method includes: determining the layering characteristics of strike-slip fault profiles in the area to be measured based on three-dimensional seismic data; determining the main active stratigraphy of strike-slip faults in the area to be measured based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profiles; obtaining a coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active stratigraphy, and determining the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map; and determining the horizontal slip distance of the capstone dragged strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault. In the above implementation method, firstly, the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on the 3D seismic data of the area to be measured. Then, the main active stratigraphic system of the strike-slip faults in the area to be measured is determined based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile. Finally, the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock dragged strike-slip fault is determined based on the relevant attribute map. On this basis, combined with the formation theory of the en echelon normal fault overlying the caprock dragged strike-slip fault, the inherent relationship between the cumulative fault displacement of the en echelon normal fault and the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault is used to achieve phased and quantitative estimation of the horizontal slip distance of the multi-phase active caprock dragged underground strike-slip fault. Attached Figure Description

[0078] The present application will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the horizontal sliding distance in stages, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0080] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a strike-slip fracture provided in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0081] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a fracture seismic interpretation provided in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0082] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a strike-slip fracture related property map provided in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0083] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a fracture zone displacement provided in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0084] Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of a horizontal sliding distance phase determination device provided in Embodiment 4 of this application.

[0085] Figure 7 This is a connection block diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0086] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts are referred to by the same reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0087] The following detailed description of the embodiments of this application, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will provide a thorough understanding of how this application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve corresponding technical effects, enabling its implementation. The embodiments of this application and the various features within them can be combined with each other without conflict, and all resulting technical solutions are within the protection scope of this application.

[0088] Example 1

[0089] This invention provides a method for determining the phases of horizontal slip distance. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The method includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S110: Determine the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured.

[0091] The geometric characteristics of seismic data are crucial for effectively describing geology. Common geometric seismic attributes include coherence, curvature, dip, and azimuth. 3D seismic data, unlike 2D data acquisition which relies on lateral reflections from non-ray planes, allows for accurate spatial determination of reflection interfaces by processing the acquired 3D seismic data into 3D spatial imaging. Therefore, 3D seismic data offers higher fidelity, more complete phase data, and facilitates the study of lithology. Furthermore, the complete and unified nature of 3D seismic data makes it easier for machines to process when combined with modern display technologies.

[0092] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-described method for determining the grading of horizontal slip distance, step S110, which involves determining the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured, includes the following steps:

[0093] Step S111: Obtain 3D seismic data for the area to be measured;

[0094] Step S112: Perform well-seismic calibration on the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain well-seismic calibration results.

[0095] Step S113: Determine the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile based on the well-seismic calibration results and the seismic profile in the three-dimensional seismic data.

[0096] In the above embodiments, well-seismic calibration serves as a bridge establishing the connection between well logging and seismic data. Well logging data has high vertical resolution, while seismic data has high lateral resolution. Well logging data is depth-domain, while seismic data is time-domain. Well-seismic calibration establishes the correspondence between the well logging depth domain and the seismic time domain, providing an accurate time-depth relationship for subsequent determination of the layering characteristics of strike-slip fault profiles.

[0097] Step S120: Determine the main active strata of the strike-slip fault in the area to be tested based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile.

[0098] The main active strata of strike-slip faults in the area to be measured refer to the longitudinal strata where the faults are distributed.

[0099] Step S130: Obtain the coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active layer system, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the cap layer drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map.

[0100] When determining the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map, the strike-slip faults of the main active strata are combined in planar form.

[0101] When obtaining a coherent attribute map, the 3D seismic data can be processed first to obtain 3D seismic data. Then, relevant attributes can be obtained from the 3D seismic data. Finally, histogram equalization processing can be performed on the 3D seismic data based on the coherent attributes to obtain the relevant attribute map.

[0102] Step S140: Determine the horizontal slip distance of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0103] In summary, this application provides a method for determining the chronology of horizontal slip distance, comprising: determining the layering characteristics of strike-slip fault profiles in the area to be measured based on 3D seismic data of the area to be measured; determining the main active stratigraphic system of strike-slip faults in the area to be measured based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profiles; obtaining a coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active stratigraphic system, and determining the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map; and determining the horizontal slip distance of the capstone dragged strike-slip fault in different active periods based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault. In the above implementation method, firstly, the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on the 3D seismic data of the area to be measured. Then, the main active stratigraphic system of the strike-slip faults in the area to be measured is determined based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile. Finally, the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock dragged strike-slip fault is determined based on the relevant attribute map. On this basis, combined with the formation theory of the en echelon normal fault overlying the caprock dragged strike-slip fault, the inherent relationship between the cumulative fault displacement of the en echelon normal fault and the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault is used to achieve phased and quantitative estimation of the horizontal slip distance of the multi-phase active caprock dragged underground strike-slip fault.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] Based on Example 1, this example illustrates the method in Example 1 through specific implementation cases.

[0106] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-described method for determining the phases of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault includes the following steps:

[0107] Step S141: Determine the number of overlying en echelon normal faults above the underlying vertical strike-slip fault based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0108] Step S142: Determine the horizontal slip distance and activity period of the formation period of the en echelon normal fault for each of the layers.

[0109] Step S143: Obtain the total horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fracture in the area to be tested.

[0110] Step S144: Based on the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L) nThe horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined; wherein, the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active periods includes the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the different en echelon normal faults and the horizontal slip distance during the active period and the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

[0111] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above method for determining the stage of horizontal slip distance, step S142, which involves determining the horizontal slip distance and the active period of the formation of the different layers of the en echelon normal fault based on the number of layers n, includes:

[0112] Step S1421: If the number of layers is a positive integer less than 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in the development stage and the horizontal slip distance of the first en echelon normal fault formation stage is determined according to the first calculation formula.

[0113] If the number of layers n is a positive integer less than 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in the development stage, and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault is determined to be the horizontal slip displacement during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault.

[0114] Step S142: If the number of layers n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in an active period, and the horizontal slip distance of the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is determined according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance of the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault.

[0115] If the number of layers is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in an active period, and the difference between the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the target layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the adjacent overlying layers along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault is determined to be the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault.

[0116] The caprock drag-type strike-slip fault is characterized by the longitudinal superposition of an underlying vertical strike-slip fault and an overlying en echelon normal fault, such as Figure 2As shown. The overlying en echelon normal faults are different from other strike-slip faults associated with en echelon normal faults. They are considered to be a group of Riedel shear T-fractures formed in the overlying layer under the strike-slip control of the underlying strike-slip fault (Riedel W. Zur mechanicgeologischer Brucherscheinungen (Ein Beitrag zum Problem der Fiederspatten)[J]. Zentralblatt für Mineralogie Abteilung B, 354-368). The step structure of this en echelon normal fault is opposite to the slip direction of the strike-slip fault. The en echelon angle (β) of the en echelon normal fault is generally 45°. If the underlying strike-slip fault has an extension component, the en echelon angle (β) is less than 45° (Olson JE, Pollard D D. The initiation and growth of en echelon veins [J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1991, 13(5): 595–608). Based on this capstone drag-type strike-slip fault formation mechanism, the overlying en echelon normal fault is a derivative structure arising from the activity of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault, and the displacement of the upper and lower structural layers caused by the strike-slip fault is conserved during the same period. Furthermore, the horizontal displacement of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault at a certain period should be approximately equal to the sum of the horizontal displacements of all overlying en echelon normal faults along the strike of the underlying vertical fault during that period. Therefore, the horizontal slip distance of the underlying strike-slip fault during the active period of the en echelon fault can be quantitatively estimated by accumulating the horizontal displacements of the overlying en echelon normal faults.

[0117] As one implementation, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first layer of en echelon normal faults according to the first calculation formula includes: obtaining the horizontal fault displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults; and determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first layer of en echelon normal faults according to the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle and the first calculation formula.

[0118] The first calculation formula is: S1 represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault, and L represents the sum of the horizontal fault distances of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0119] As one implementation, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance of the nth layer of en echelon normal faults during their formation period according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal faults includes: obtaining the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults; and determining the horizontal slip distance of the nth layer of en echelon normal faults during their formation period according to the horizontal displacement, the en echelon angle, and the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal faults.

[0120] The formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is as follows:

[0121]

[0122] S n L represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the en echelon normal fault in the nth layer. n This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in layer n-1 along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0123] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-described method for determining the stage of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the stage based on the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal fault distances of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L) n The step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault includes: calculating the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). n The difference between the two values ​​is used as the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fracture.

[0124] Example 3

[0125] Based on Example 1, this example illustrates the method in Example 1 through specific implementation cases.

[0126] Taking the S8 strike-slip fault in the Tarim Basin as an example, firstly, based on 3D seismic data and well-seismic calibration, the stratigraphic characteristics of the S8 strike-slip fault are clarified through detailed interpretation of the strike-slip fault and the stratigraphic positions of the strata on both sides of the fault profile. These stratigraphic characteristics are defined as the vertical strike-slip fault underlying the strike-slip fault zone and the overlying en echelon normal fault (where multiple en echelon normal faults may exist in the overlying layer). Then, based on the stratigraphic characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile, the main active stratigraphic system of the strike-slip fault in the area to be measured is determined. For example... Figure 3 As shown, i.e., T70 Vertical fault below the interface, T6 0 Below the interface, there are en echelon normal faults. These are primarily determined by the vertical location of the fault distribution.

[0127] Next, coherence property maps of the main active strata of the strike-slip fault were obtained. Based on these coherence property maps, the strike-slip faults of the main active strata were combined in planar representation to clarify the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault. The main active strata T7 of the S8 strike-slip fault were obtained. 4 Interface, T6 0 The interface's coherence property diagram. Based on the coherence property diagram, the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault of the S8 fault are determined in the main active strata (based on T7). 4 Interface, T6 0 (Represented by the interface) Flat layout, such as Figure 4 As shown, the active periods of the S8 fault can be determined based on the strata through which the fault breaks, namely the two periods of activity in the Late Ordovician and Middle Devonian.

[0128] If only one en echelon normal fault develops above the underlying vertical strike-slip fault, measure the horizontal displacement (L) of all overlying en echelon normal faults. i ) and the en echelon angle of each en echelon normal fault ( If the horizontal slip distance (S) of the strike-slip fault during the development of the en echelon normal faults in this period is approximately equal to the sum of the horizontal displacements (L) of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault, then... .

[0129] For example, if only one en echelon normal fault develops above the vertical strike-slip fault beneath the S8 strike-slip fault, then... Figure 4 Based on this, the horizontal displacement of all 31 overlying en echelon normal faults was measured. ) and the en echelon angle of each en echelon normal fault ( If the horizontal slip distance (S) of the strike-slip fault during the development of en echelon normal faults in the Middle Devonian is approximately equal to the sum of the horizontal displacements (L) of all en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault, then... It is worth noting that in practical applications, 3D seismic data is required to completely cover the entire strike-slip fault. In this embodiment, the 3D seismic data does not completely cover the S8 fault zone and therefore cannot represent its actual slip distance during this period (the actual slip distance is greater than 615m). This is intended to illustrate the feasibility of this method.

[0130] Finally, the total horizontal slip distance S of the strike-slip fracture was obtained using various methods, including the marker faulting method and the geometric restoration method of the strike-slip fracture superimposed extrusion complex structure. 总 Based on steps ④ and ⑤, the horizontal slip distance S during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is... n+1 =S 总 -Ln .

[0131] For example, the S8 strike-slip fracture at T7 4 The distance of fracture I in the interface-slip tower is approximately 1110m, such as Figure 5 As shown, the total horizontal slip distance S of the S8 fault zone is... 总 Approximately 1110m; therefore, the horizontal slip distance S2 = S during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault (Late Ordovician) 总 -L = 1110m - 615m = 495m (the actual horizontal slip distance is less than 495m). In this way, the horizontal slip distance of the S8 strike-slip fault during the Late Ordovician and Middle Devonian periods was effectively estimated quantitatively using the above method.

[0132] If multiple en echelon normal faults are developed overlying the fault, then the horizontal slip distance (S) of a certain layer (n) during the active period of the strike-slip fault is... n It is approximately equal to the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in this layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). n Subtract the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault in the overlying adjacent layers (L) n-1 ),Right now Calculations will not be given here.

[0133] Based on the principle of displacement conservation of upper and lower tectonic layers caused by strike-slip faults at different times, and the inherent relationship between the cumulative fault displacement of the overlying en echelon normal faults and the horizontal slip distance of the underlying vertical strike-slip faults of the same period, the above method quantitatively estimates the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip faults at different active periods by layer-by-layer through the overlying en echelon normal faults. Combined with existing methods to calculate the total slip distance of the strike-slip faults, the method quantitatively calculates the horizontal slip distance of the underlying vertical strike-slip faults in the initial formation period, thus realizing the phased quantitative estimation of the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip faults at different times.

[0134] Example 4

[0135] Please refer to Figure 6 This application provides a horizontal sliding distance phase determination device 600, which includes:

[0136] The layering feature determination module 610 is used to determine the layering features of the strike-slip fault profile of the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured.

[0137] The main active strata determination module 620 is used to determine the main active strata of the strike-slip fault in the area to be tested based on the stratification characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile.

[0138] The planar distribution determination module 630 is used to obtain the coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active layer system, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the cap layer drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map.

[0139] The horizontal slip distance determination module 640 is used to determine the horizontal slip distance of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0140] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal slip distance grading determination device, the layering feature determination module includes:

[0141] The 3D seismic data acquisition unit is used to acquire 3D seismic data of the area to be measured.

[0142] The well-seismic calibration unit is used to perform well-seismic calibration on the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain well-seismic calibration results.

[0143] The layering feature determination unit is used to determine the layering features of the strike-slip fault profile based on the well-seismic calibration results and the seismic profiles in the three-dimensional seismic data.

[0144] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal sliding distance phase determination device, the horizontal sliding distance determination module includes:

[0145] The layer number determination unit is used to determine the number of overlying en echelon normal faults above the underlying vertical strike-slip fault based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capping drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0146] The horizontal slip distance determination unit for the formation period of the en echelon normal fault is used to determine the horizontal slip distance and the active period of the formation period of all the en echelon normal faults according to the number of layers.

[0147] The total horizontal slip distance acquisition unit is used to acquire the total horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault in the area to be tested;

[0148] The underlying vertical strike-slip fault initial formation period horizontal slip distance determination unit is used to determine the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal fault distances of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). n The horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined; wherein, the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active periods includes the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of all the en echelon normal faults and the horizontal slip distance during the active period and the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

[0149] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal slip distance staging device, the horizontal slip distance determination unit for the formation period of the en echelon normal fault includes:

[0150] The first calculation subunit is used to determine that the en echelon normal fault is in the development stage and to determine the horizontal slip distance of the formation stage of the first en echelon normal fault according to the first calculation formula if the number of layers n is a positive integer less than 2.

[0151] The second calculation subunit is used to determine that the en echelon normal fault is in an active period if the number of layers n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and to determine the horizontal slip distance of the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance of the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault.

[0152] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal sliding distance phase determination device, the first calculation subunit includes:

[0153] The first layer of en echelon normal fault horizontal displacement and en echelon angle acquisition sub-unit is used to acquire the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults;

[0154] The first en echelon normal fault formation period horizontal slip distance determination subunit is used to determine the horizontal slip distance of the first en echelon normal fault formation period based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the first calculation formula.

[0155] The first calculation formula is: S1 represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault, and L represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0156] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal sliding distance phase determination device, the second calculation subunit includes:

[0157] The subunit for obtaining the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of the nth layer of en echelon normal faults is used to obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults.

[0158] The subunit for determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal fault is used to determine the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal fault based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of en echelon normal fault.

[0159] The formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is as follows:

[0160]

[0161] S n L represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the en echelon normal fault in the nth layer. n This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in layer n-1 along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0162] According to an embodiment of this application, optionally, in the above-mentioned horizontal slip distance grading device, the horizontal slip distance determination unit for the initial formation period of the underlying vertical fault includes:

[0163] The difference calculation subunit is used to calculate the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). n The difference between )

[0164] The sub-unit for determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fracture is used to take the difference as the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fracture.

[0165] In summary, this application provides a horizontal slip distance grading device, comprising: a layering feature determination module 610, used to determine the layering features of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured; a main active stratum determination module 620, used to determine the main active stratum of the strike-slip fault in the area to be measured based on the layering features of the strike-slip fault profile; a planar distribution determination module 630, used to acquire a coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active stratum, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map; and a horizontal slip distance determination module 640, used to determine the horizontal slip distance of the capstone dragged strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault. In the above implementation method, firstly, the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on the 3D seismic data of the area to be measured. Then, the main active stratigraphic system of the strike-slip faults in the area to be measured is determined based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile. Finally, the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock dragged strike-slip fault is determined based on the relevant attribute map. On this basis, combined with the formation theory of the en echelon normal fault overlying the caprock dragged strike-slip fault, the inherent relationship between the cumulative fault displacement of the en echelon normal fault and the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault is used to achieve phased and quantitative estimation of the horizontal slip distance of the multi-phase active caprock dragged underground strike-slip fault.

[0166] Example 5

[0167] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, such as flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, disk, optical disk, server, app store, etc., which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the following method steps:

[0168] Step S110: Determine the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured.

[0169] Step S120: Determine the main active strata of the strike-slip fault in the area to be tested based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile.

[0170] Step S130: Obtain the coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active layer system, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the cap layer drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map.

[0171] Step S140: Determine the horizontal slip distance of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0172] Optionally, in the above method for determining the grading of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured includes:

[0173] Obtain 3D seismic data for the area to be measured;

[0174] Well-seismic calibration was performed on the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain the well-seismic calibration results;

[0175] The layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile were determined based on the well-seismic calibration results and the seismic profiles in the three-dimensional seismic data.

[0176] Optionally, in the above method for determining the phases of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault includes:

[0177] The number of overlying en echelon normal faults above the underlying vertical strike-slip faults is determined based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip faults and the overlying en echelon normal faults in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault.

[0178] The horizontal slip distance and activity period of the nth en echelon normal fault are determined based on the number of layers n.

[0179] Obtain the total horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip faults in the area to be tested;

[0180] Based on the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L) n The horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined; wherein, the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active periods includes the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of all the en echelon normal faults and the horizontal slip distance during the active period and the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

[0181] Optionally, in the above method for determining the stage of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance of the nth en echelon normal fault formation period and its active period based on the number of layers n includes:

[0182] If the number of layers is a positive integer less than 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in the development stage and the horizontal slip distance of the first en echelon normal fault during its formation stage is determined according to the first calculation formula;

[0183] If the number of layers is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in an active period, and the horizontal slip distance of the nth en echelon normal fault during its formation period is determined according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance of the nth en echelon normal fault during its formation period.

[0184] Optionally, in the above method for determining the stage of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault according to the first calculation formula includes:

[0185] Obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults;

[0186] The horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first layer of en echelon normal fault is determined based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the first calculation formula.

[0187] The first calculation formula is: S1 represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the first en echelon normal fault, and L represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0188] Optionally, in the above method for determining the stage of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation stage of the nth en echelon normal fault according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation stage of the nth en echelon normal fault includes:

[0189] Obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults;

[0190] The horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault is determined based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault.

[0191] The formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is as follows:

[0192] S n =L n -L n-1 =Σ n (L i / sinaβ i )-Σ n-1 (L i / sinaβ i (n>1)

[0193] S n L represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the en echelon normal fault in the nth layer. n This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in layer n-1 along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

[0194] Optionally, in the above method for determining the stage of horizontal slip distance, the step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault based on the total horizontal slip distance and the sum (Ln) of the horizontal fault distances (Ln) of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault includes:

[0195] Calculate the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault (L). n The difference between )

[0196] The difference is taken as the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fracture.

[0197] For a detailed description of the above method steps, please refer to Example 1. This example will not be repeated here.

[0198] Example 6

[0199] This application provides an electronic device, which may be a mobile phone, computer, or tablet computer, etc., including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a calculator program, which, when executed by the processor, implements the method for determining the horizontal sliding distance in stages as described in Embodiment 1. It can be understood that... Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 700 may further include: a processor 701, a memory 702, a multimedia component 703, an input / output (I / O) interface 704, and a communication component 705.

[0200] The processor 701 is used to execute all or part of the steps in the horizontal slip distance phasing determination method as described in Embodiment 1. The memory 702 is used to store various types of data, which may include, for example, instructions for any application or method in the electronic device, as well as application-related data.

[0201] The processor 701 may be implemented as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other electronic components, and is used to execute the horizontal slip distance phase determination method in Embodiment 1 above.

[0202] The memory 702 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0203] Multimedia component 703 may include a screen, which may be a touchscreen, and an audio component for outputting and / or inputting audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory or transmitted via a communication component. The audio component also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0204] I / O interface 704 provides an interface between processor 701 and other interface modules, such as keyboards, mice, and buttons. These buttons can be virtual or physical buttons.

[0205] Communication component 705 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 700 and other devices. Wireless communication includes, for example, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, or 4G, or a combination thereof. Therefore, the corresponding communication component 705 may include: a Wi-Fi module, a Bluetooth module, or an NFC module.

[0206] In summary, this application provides a method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device for determining the chronology of horizontal slip distance. The method includes: determining the layering characteristics of strike-slip fault profiles in the area to be measured based on three-dimensional seismic data; determining the main active stratigraphic system of strike-slip faults in the area to be measured based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profiles; obtaining a coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active stratigraphic system, and determining the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map; and determining the horizontal slip distance of the capstone dragged strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone dragged strike-slip fault. In the above implementation method, firstly, the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on the 3D seismic data of the area to be measured. Then, the main active stratigraphic system of the strike-slip faults in the area to be measured is determined based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile. Finally, the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock dragged strike-slip fault is determined based on the relevant attribute map. On this basis, combined with the formation theory of the en echelon normal fault overlying the caprock dragged strike-slip fault, the inherent relationship between the cumulative fault displacement of the en echelon normal fault and the horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip fault is used to achieve phased and quantitative estimation of the horizontal slip distance of the multi-phase active caprock dragged underground strike-slip fault.

[0207] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The system and method embodiments described above are merely illustrative.

[0208] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0209] Although the embodiments disclosed in this application are as described above, the content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this application; however, the scope of patent protection of this application shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the phased horizontal slip distance, characterized in that, The method includes: The layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured are determined based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured. The main active strata of the strike-slip faults in the area to be tested are determined based on the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile. Obtain the coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active layer system, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the cap layer drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map. The horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases is determined based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault. The step of determining the horizontal slip distance of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault during different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault includes: The number of overlying en echelon normal faults, n, above the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault. Based on the number of layers, determine the horizontal slip distance and the active period of different en echelon normal faults during their formation; Obtain the total horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip faults in the area to be tested; Based on the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault, L n Determine the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault; wherein, the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active periods includes the horizontal slip distance when all layers of en echelon normal faults are formed, as well as the horizontal slip distance during the active period and the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile in the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured includes: Obtain 3D seismic data for the area to be measured; Well-seismic calibration was performed on the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain the well-seismic calibration results; The layering characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile were determined based on the well-seismic calibration results and the seismic profiles in the three-dimensional seismic data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of determining the horizontal slip distance and active period of the different en echelon normal faults based on the number of layers n include: If the number of layers n is a positive integer less than 2, then the en echelon normal fault is determined to be in the development stage and the horizontal slip distance when the first en echelon normal fault was formed is determined according to the first calculation formula; If the number of layers n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, then the active period of the en echelon normal fault is determined, and the horizontal slip distance of the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is determined according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance of the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the horizontal slip distance when the first en echelon normal fault was formed according to the first calculation formula includes: Obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults; The horizontal slip distance at the formation of the first layer of en echelon normal fault is determined based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the first calculation formula. The first calculation formula is: S1 represents the horizontal slip distance when the first en echelon normal fault was formed, and L represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the horizontal slip distance during the formation of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault according to the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault includes: Obtain the horizontal displacement and en echelon angle of all the en echelon normal faults; The horizontal slip distance during the formation of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault is determined based on the horizontal fault displacement, the en echelon angle, and the formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth layer of the en echelon normal fault. The formula for calculating the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the nth en echelon normal fault is as follows: S n L represents the horizontal slip distance during the formation period of the en echelon normal fault in the nth layer. n This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This represents the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in layer n-1 along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. This indicates the horizontal displacement of the en echelon normal fault. This indicates the en echelon angle of the en echelon normal fault.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sum L of the total horizontal slip distance and the horizontal fault distances of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault. n The steps for determining the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault include: Calculate the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault, L. n The difference between them; The difference is taken as the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

7. A device for determining the phased horizontal sliding distance, characterized in that, The device includes: The layering feature determination module is used to determine the layering features of the strike-slip fault profile of the area to be measured based on the three-dimensional seismic data of the area to be measured. The main active strata determination module is used to determine the main active strata of the strike-slip fault in the area to be tested based on the stratification characteristics of the strike-slip fault profile. The planar distribution determination module is used to obtain the coherence attribute map corresponding to the main active layer system, and determine the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the cap layer drag-type strike-slip fault based on the coherence attribute map. The horizontal slip distance determination module is used to determine the horizontal slip distance of the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault in different active phases based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault. The horizontal sliding distance determination module is also used for: The number of overlying en echelon normal faults, n, above the underlying vertical strike-slip fault is determined based on the planar distribution of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault and the overlying en echelon normal fault in the capstone drag-type strike-slip fault. Based on the number of layers, determine the horizontal slip distance and the active period of different en echelon normal faults during their formation; Obtain the total horizontal slip distance of the strike-slip faults in the area to be tested; Based on the total horizontal slip distance and the sum of the horizontal displacements of all the en echelon normal faults in the nth layer along the strike of the vertical main strike-slip fault, L n Determine the horizontal slip distance during the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault; wherein, the horizontal slip distance of the caprock drag-type strike-slip fault in different active periods includes the horizontal slip distance when all layers of en echelon normal faults are formed, as well as the horizontal slip distance during the active period and the initial formation period of the underlying vertical strike-slip fault.

8. A storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program stored in the storage medium, when executed by one or more processors, is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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