A spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention

Abstract

A spindle-knot-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention includes a frame and a rolling component with spindle-knot structural characteristics; the rolling component is configured to roll and contact the ground surface when the frame moves, the rolling component includes a rolling body and a spindle-knot body, the spindle-knot body is installed on the rolling surface of the rolling body, the spindle-knot body is formed by multiple groups of spindle-knot structures and multiple groups of spinning structures connected in a closed loop along the rolling direction, the spinning structure protrudes from the rolling surface of the rolling body, the spindle-knot structure protrudes from the spinning structure, the spindle-knot structure surface is provided with a raised first texture, the spinning structure surface is provided with a raised second texture, and the first texture and the second texture have at least one connection. The surface energy gradient formed by the difference in the texture, i.e., roughness, of the spindle-knot structure and the spinning structure surface, in combination with the Laplace force pressure difference generated by the structural difference, enables water to be directionally transferred from the spinning to the spindle-knot and stably retained, thereby realizing the functions of directional water conduction and stable water retention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stably holding water. Background Art

[0002] Drought is an important cause of reduced grain production and soil degradation. Practice has shown that microstructure (pit) water collection and water conservation technology can not only increase the water storage capacity of the surface soil, but also hinder water flow, slow down runoff speed, and increase rainwater infiltration time, playing an important role in alleviating soil drought and improving the quality of cultivated land. However, the micro-pits or concave pits processed on the surface currently only have the functions of collecting and storing water, but cannot achieve directional water conduction and stable water retention, resulting in the inability to efficiently use water resources, the inability of crops to obtain accurate water supply, and the slow improvement of cultivated land quality.

[0003] For example, patent CN102210201B discloses a bionic rolling soil-contacting component for processing soil surface micro-topography in ridge fields, and patent CN103477735B discloses a shovel with bionic structural features for processing soil surface micro-topography. Both belong to the technology of collecting and retaining water by processing micro-topography on the soil surface. The device can only process micro-pits or micro-grooves, but cannot make the micro-pits or micro-grooves have the ability to directional water conduction and stable water retention. The current development has put forward higher requirements on the function of surface micro-topography. In addition to the basic water-collecting and water-retaining ability, its directional water conduction and stable water retention ability have become urgent needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device that can directional water conduction and stably retain water, so as to solve the problems that the micro-pits or pits processed in the surface of the prior art cannot achieve the functions of directional water conduction and stable water retention, as well as further problems such as low water resource utilization efficiency, inability of crops to obtain accurate water supply, and poor effect of improving arable land quality.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A device for constructing a spindle-knot type surface microstructure capable of directionally conducting water and stably holding water, comprising a frame and a rolling component with spindle-knot structural features; the rolling component is configured to roll and contact the ground surface when the frame moves, the rolling component comprises a rolling body and a spindle-knot body, the spindle-knot body is mounted on the rolling surface of the rolling body, the spindle-knot body is formed by a plurality of groups of spindle-knot structures and a plurality of groups of spinning structures connected in a closed loop along the rolling direction, the spinning structure protrudes from the rolling surface of the rolling body, the spindle-knot structure protrudes from the spinning structure, the surface of the spindle-knot structure is provided with a raised first texture, the surface of the spinning structure is provided with a raised second texture, the first texture and the second texture have at least one connection.

[0007] In one embodiment, the frame is provided with a load and a roller, and there are multiple rolling components, all of which are installed on the roller; the load is arranged corresponding to the rolling component to serve as a counterweight.

[0008] In one embodiment, the rolling body is a cylindrical wheel, and the spindle segments are mounted on the annular surface of the cylindrical wheel. A plurality of the spindle segments are arranged on a single cylindrical wheel.

[0009] In one embodiment, along the rolling direction, the spindle knot structure has a shape that is high in the middle and low at both ends, and at least its highest point protrudes from the spinning structure. The spindle knot structure and the spinning structure are periodically arranged.

[0010] In one embodiment, the shape that is high in the middle and low at both ends is formed by two frustums with arc-shaped sections connected at the large ends, and the arc-shaped sections are used to fit the rolling body for installation.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first pattern is a mesh pattern arranged on the side of the frustum with an arc-shaped section.

[0012] In one embodiment, the two frustums with arc-shaped sections have equal shapes and sizes, with a small end radius a1 = 5-30 mm, a large end radius a2 = (2-5)×a1, and a center axis length b1 = (10-20)×a1.

[0013] In one embodiment, the spinning structure is a long arc-shaped structure, the inner side of which is in close contact with the rolling body, the outer side is provided with the second texture, and the two ends are respectively connected to a spindle node structure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cross section of the long arc-shaped structure is an arc, and the second lines are distributed along the arc length direction of the long arc-shaped structure; the radius of the arc a3=a1, and the length of the long arc-shaped structure b2=(2-6)b1.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second lines are linear lines arranged and protruding from the outer side surface of the long arc-shaped structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The spindle-knot surface microstructure construction device designed in the present invention can process spindle-knot microstructure features on the surface through periodic changes of the spindle knot and the spinning structure, and based on the surface energy gradient formed by the difference in surface texture, i.e., roughness, of the spindle knot structure and the spinning structure and the Laplace force pressure difference generated by the structural difference between the two, rainwater or irrigation water is jointly transported from the spinning structure to the spindle knot structure in a direction, and stably maintained at the spindle knot structure, thereby comprehensively realizing the functions of directional water conduction and stable water retention, greatly enhancing the water storage capacity of the surface soil, alleviating soil drought, improving the quality of cultivated land, solving the serious problems of cultivated soil erosion and degradation, enabling crops to obtain accurate water supply, and improving water resource utilization efficiency and grain output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device for constructing the spindle-node-shaped surface microstructure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a rolling component with spindle knot structural features according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flattened spindle knot structure and spinning structure.

[0021] Figure 4 Flattened front view of the texture-free spindle knot structure and the spinning structure.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the device for constructing spindle-shaped surface microstructures.

[0023] Among them: 1. Frame; 2. Load; 3. Rolling parts; 4. Roller; 31. Rolling element; 32. Spindle body; 321. Spindle structure; 322. Spinning structure; 3211. Net pattern; 3221. Linear pattern. a1 is the radius of the small end of the spindle structure, a2 is the radius of the large end of the spindle structure, b1 is the length of the central axis of the spindle structure, a3 is the arc radius of the spinning structure, and b2 is the length of the spinning structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention provides a spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention, comprising a necessary frame 1 and a rolling component 3. When the frame 1 moves, the rolling component 3 can roll and contact the ground surface, that is, the rolling component 3 can be a component that the frame 1 relies on for movement, or a component that rolls naturally with the movement of the frame 1. Due to the effect of gravity, the contact between the rolling component 3 and the ground surface will inevitably exert a certain pressure on the ground surface.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 The rolling component 3 of the present invention has a spindle-section structure feature, and mainly includes a rolling body 31 and a spindle-section body 32. The rolling body 31 is a structure for realizing rolling, and the spindle-section body 32 is installed on the rolling surface of the rolling body 31, that is, during the rolling process of the rolling body 31, the spindle-section body 32 should be in contact with the ground surface.

[0027] The spindle section 32 is a structure protruding from the rolling surface of the rolling element 31. Figure 3 , which is mainly formed by connecting multiple groups of spindle knot structures 321 and multiple groups of spinning structures 322 along the rolling direction. For example, the hammer knot structure 321 and the spinning structure 322 can both be 2 to 6 groups. In the present invention, in order to achieve continuous microstructure construction, the hammer knot structure 321 and the spinning structure 322 need to be a closed-loop connection structure, and preferably form a periodic arrangement. Among them, the spinning structure 322 needs to protrude from the rolling surface of the rolling body 31, and the spindle knot structure 321 further protrudes from the spinning structure 322.

[0028] A raised first pattern 3211 is arranged on the surface of the spindle section structure 321 , and a raised second pattern 3221 is arranged on the surface of the spinning structure 322 . Obviously, the first pattern 3211 and the second pattern 3221 should have at least one connection.

[0029] According to the above structure of the present invention, when the frame 1 moves, the rolling component 3 can roll and contact the ground surface, that is, the rolling body 31 rolls, the spindle section body 32 can contact the ground surface, that is, the spindle section structure 321 and the spinning structure 322 can contact the ground surface, that is, the first lines 3211 and the second lines 3221 can contact the ground surface. Due to the effect of gravity, this contact will inevitably apply a certain pressure to the ground surface.

[0030] Therefore, through the periodic changes of the spindle knot structure 321 and the spinning structure 322, the spindle knot microstructure feature can be processed on the surface. Based on the surface energy gradient formed by the difference in roughness between the first grain 3211 and the second grain 3221 and the Laplace force pressure difference generated by the difference in their structures, rainwater or irrigation water is jointly transported from the spinning structure 322 to the spindle knot structure 321 in a directional manner, and stably maintained at the spindle knot structure 321, thereby comprehensively realizing the directional water conduction and stable water retention functions.

[0031] The further principle of the present invention is based on bionics. Specifically, spider silk can effectively collect moisture from the air and has the performance of directional water transport, which is mainly attributed to its unique spindle knot structure on the surface. Spider silk is composed of interconnected spindle knots, and the spinning that connects the spindle knots also has a certain length, and the spindle knots and the spinning change periodically. This unique structural feature enables it to have the ability to collect water mist and directional water transport. In particular, the surface of the spindle knot is rougher than the spinning, and the difference between the two surfaces forms a surface energy gradient. In addition, the Laplace force pressure difference caused by the structural difference allows water to be directed from the spinning to the spindle knot, and can be stably maintained at the spindle knot. Therefore, it can be seen that the spider silk spindle knot structure has unique performance advantages, can effectively complete complex work tasks, and has a simple structure. The present invention utilizes the performance advantages of the spider silk spindle knot structure, adjusts its structural characteristic parameters, and designs a spindle knot-type surface microstructure construction device that can directional water conduction and stable water retention.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to achieve the pressure requirements of the installation and rolling of the rolling component 3, the frame 1 is further provided with a load 2 and a roller 4. The number of the rolling component 3 can be multiple, for example Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, there are four rolling members 3, all of which are mounted on the roller 4. The loads 2 are arranged one-to-one with the rolling members 3, serving as counterweights.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rolling body 31 is a cylindrical wheel, and the spindle segments 32 are mounted on the annular surface of the cylindrical wheel. A plurality of spindle segments 32 may be arranged on a single cylindrical wheel.

[0034] If only one spindle section 32 is arranged on a single cylindrical wheel, then the spindle section 32 is preferably arranged in the center of the annulus of the cylindrical wheel. If multiple spindle sections 32 are arranged on a single cylindrical wheel, then the spindle sections 32 are preferably arranged at equal intervals on the annulus of the cylindrical wheel.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, along the rolling direction, the spindle knot structure 321 has a shape that is high in the middle and low at both ends, and at least its highest point protrudes from the spinning structure 322 .

[0036] The shape of a spindle knot that is high in the middle and low at both ends is the basic shape of the spindle knot. In the present invention, in any case, its highest point should protrude from the spinning structure 322, so as to achieve the goal of stably maintaining water at the spindle knot on the surface.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, along the rolling direction, the spindle section structure 321 is formed by two frustums with arc-shaped sections connected at the large ends, wherein the arc-shaped sections are used to fit the rolling body 31 for installation.

[0038] This structure can be referenced Figure 2 and Figure 3 The section is roughly along the axial direction of the truncated cone and has the same curvature as the part where it fits with the rolling body 31, so that it can fit tightly on the annular surface of the rolling body 31. This structure constructs a standard spindle section shape. This "truncated cone with an arc section" can also be called a "semi-trapezoidal cone".

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first lines 3211 are mesh lines arranged on the side of a truncated cone with an arc-shaped cross section.

[0040] In this structure, the side of the truncated cone with an arc-shaped cross-section, that is, the outer surface along the rolling direction, adopts a mesh texture structure. When it contacts the soil surface, on the one hand, it can cause the soil surface to be concave into a cone under force, and on the other hand, it can form a mesh texture on the surface of the cone to increase the surface roughness.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the two frustums with arc-shaped cross-sections have equal shapes and sizes, with a small end radius a1 = 5-30 mm, a large end radius a2 = (2-5)×a1, and a center axis length b1 = (10-20)×a1.

[0042] The parameter restrictions of this embodiment are based on the bionic prototype of spider silk structure, and its proportion is based on the structural size of spider silk.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the spinning structure 322 is a long arc-shaped structure, the inner side of which is in close contact with the rolling body 31 , the outer side is provided with the second pattern 3221 , and the two ends are respectively connected to a spindle node structure 321 .

[0044] The function of the spinning structure 322 is, on the one hand, to connect two adjacent spindle node structures 321 in the rolling direction, and on the other hand, to serve as a mounting portion for the second pattern 3221 .

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cross section of the long arc structure is arc-shaped, and more preferably semicircular. The second lines 3221 are distributed along the arc length direction of the long arc structure; wherein the radius of the arc a3 = a1, and the length of the long arc structure b2 = (2-6) b1.

[0046] As above, the parameter restrictions of this embodiment are based on the bionic prototype of spider silk structure, and its proportion is based on the structural size of spider silk.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second lines 3221 are single linear lines, arranged and protruding from the outer side of the long arc-shaped structure. The second lines 3221 on a spinning structure 322 connect the first lines 3211 on two adjacent spindle structures 321 in the rolling direction, forming a complete periodically arranged line structure.

[0048] refer to Figure 5 The spindle-node-shaped surface microstructure construction device of the present invention can process spindle-node-shaped microstructure features on the surface when driven by a traction machine. Due to the difference in surface texture, i.e., roughness, between the spindle-node structure and the spinning structure, a surface energy gradient can be formed. In addition, the Laplace force pressure difference caused by the structural difference allows water to be directed from the spinning to the spindle node and can be stably maintained at the spindle node, thereby comprehensively realizing the functions of directional water conduction and stable water retention, thereby alleviating soil drought, improving the quality of cultivated land, and increasing the efficiency of water resource utilization and grain production to a great extent.

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the spindle segment 32 is formed by periodically arranging four groups of spindle segment structures 321 and spinning structures 322, the upper surface radius of the trapezoidal cone is a1=10mm, the lower surface radius is a2=35mm, the center axis length is b1=100mm, the cylinder radius is a3=10mm, and the length is b2=200mm.

[0050] In the structure of the present invention, since the first pattern 3211 is a mesh pattern, after the rolling part rolls over the surface, a mesh structure will be formed on the soil surface; and the second pattern 3221 is a linear pattern, after the rolling part rolls over the surface, a linear pattern will be formed on the soil surface. The mesh pattern makes the soil surface rougher, and the surface roughness is an important factor affecting the energy of water on the surface. The greater the roughness, the greater the surface energy. Therefore, under the action of the two patterns on the soil surface, the soil surface roughness changes, forming a surface energy gradient. The surface energy gradient formula is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Where F is the surface energy gradient, b1 is the length of the central axis of the spindle structure, b2 is the length of the spinning structure, γ is the tension of water on the soil surface, θ A is the friction angle of water on the surface of the soil with mesh texture, θ R is the friction angle of the linear texture soil surface, and db is the integral variable changing from b2 to b1+b2.

[0053] Since the spindle structure 321 is in the shape of a half trapezoidal cone, after the rolling part rolls over the ground, the soil surface is forced to be concave to form a trapezoidal cone; the spinning structure 322 is in the shape of a half cylinder, after the rolling part rolls over the ground, the soil surface is forced to be concave to form a half cylinder. The two structural shapes make the soil concave to different degrees. The soil deformation is most severe at the trapezoidal cone, resulting in an oblique angle between the highest and lowest points. When water passes through such a surface, a Laplace force pressure difference is formed under the drive of the angle, prompting the water to flow to the most concave point. The Laplace force pressure difference formula is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, a1 is the radius of the small end of the spindle knot structure, a2 is the radius of the large end of the spindle knot structure, r is the radius of the water position, R0 is the radius of the water droplet, and β is the oblique angle formed by the height difference.

[0056] Therefore, under the combined effect of the surface energy gradient and the Laplace force pressure difference, the present invention can accurately promote the directional transport of rainwater or irrigation water from the spinning structure to the spindle knot structure and stably maintain it at the spindle knot structure.

Claims

1. A spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1) and a rolling component (3) having a spindle-knot structure feature; the rolling component (3) is configured to roll and contact the ground surface when the frame (1) moves; the rolling component (3) comprises a rolling body (31) and a spindle-knot body (32); the spindle-knot body (32) is mounted on the rolling surface of the rolling body (31); the spindle-knot body (32) is formed by a plurality of groups of spindle-knot structures (321) and a plurality of groups of spinning structures (322) connected in a closed loop along a rolling direction; the spinning structure (322) protrudes from the rolling surface of the rolling body (31); the spindle-knot structure (321) protrudes from the spinning structure (322); a surface of the spindle-knot structure (321) is provided with a raised first pattern (3211); a surface of the spinning structure (322) is provided with a raised second pattern (3221); the first pattern (3211) and the second pattern (3221) are connected at least one place.

2. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a load (2) and a roller (4); there are a plurality of rolling components (3), all of which are mounted on the roller (4); the load (2) and the rolling components (3) are arranged correspondingly to each other and serve as counterweights.

3. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling body (31) is a columnar wheel, and the spindle segment body (32) is mounted on the annular surface of the columnar wheel. A plurality of the spindle segment bodies (32) are arranged on a single columnar wheel.

4. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the rolling direction, the spindle knot structure (321) has a shape that is high in the middle and low at both ends, and at least its highest point protrudes from the spinning structure (322). The spindle knot structure (321) and the spinning structure (322) are arranged periodically.

5. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer shape with a high middle and low ends is formed by connecting two truncated cones with arc-shaped sections at the large ends, and the arc-shaped sections are used to fit the rolling body (31) for installation.

6. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pattern (3211) is a mesh pattern, arranged on the side of the frustum with an arc-shaped cross section.

7. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two frustums with arc-shaped sections have equal shapes and sizes, with a small end radius a1 = 5-30 mm, a large end radius a2 = (2-5)×a1, and a center axis length b1 = (10-20)×a1.

8. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spinning structure (322) is a long arc-shaped structure, the inner side of which is in close contact with the rolling body (31), the outer side of which is provided with the second pattern (3221), and the two ends of which are respectively connected to a spindle node structure (321).

9. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross section of the long arc-shaped structure is an arc-shaped structure, and the second lines (3221) are distributed along the arc length direction of the long arc-shaped structure; the radius of the arc a3=a1, and the length of the long arc-shaped structure b2=(2-6)b1.

10. The spindle-shaped surface microstructure construction device capable of directional water conduction and stable water retention according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The second lines (3221) are linear lines arranged and protruding from the outer side surface of the long arc-shaped structure.

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