Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy welding wire and aluminum alloy welding wire

Abstract

This application provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire with high production efficiency, low cost, and good product performance, as well as the aluminum alloy welding wire itself. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy welding wire includes the following steps: aluminum molten metal melting, furnace refining, ultrasonic degassing, online filtration, continuous casting and extrusion, rod drawing, intermediate annealing, and finished product drawing. The continuous casting and extrusion process directly obtains the welding wire rod blank from the molten aluminum, resulting in a simple process and high yield. The aluminum alloy structure undergoes severe shear deformation and is fully broken, resulting in a dense welding wire rod blank with sufficient dynamic recrystallization, exhibiting good drawability. Only one intermediate annealing step is required to draw it to the finished product size, resulting in high production efficiency and low cost. The aluminum alloy welding wire is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Zn 4.5-5.2%, Mg 1.2-1.8%, Cu 1.5-2.0%, Mn 0.2-0.5%, Cr 0.1-0.3%, Zr 0.05-0.2%, Ce 0.05-0.15%, Y 0.05-0.15%, Si≤0.05%, Fe≤0.08%, with the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aluminum alloy welding wire technology, and in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy welding wire for aerospace and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] 7xxx series aluminum alloys, due to their superior performance, are widely used in aerospace, military defense, rail transportation, and shipbuilding. Modern industrial development has placed even greater emphasis on lightweight materials and structural design, necessitating a shift from riveted to welded connections. However, the welding quality and performance of 7xxx series aluminum alloys are often poor. Generally, aluminum alloy welding presents several challenges: 1) Aluminum alloys have high thermal conductivity, requiring higher heat transfer during welding; 2) Aluminum has a strong affinity for oxygen, easily forming oxide films with high melting points; 3) Aluminum alloys have a high coefficient of linear expansion, making them prone to welding deformation; 4) Zn and Mg in 7xxx series aluminum alloys have low melting points and are prone to volatilization; 5) During welding thermal cycling, the heat-affected zone of 7xxx series aluminum alloys is susceptible to over-aging and grain coarsening, leading to performance degradation.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues and facilitate welding between 7xxx series aluminum alloys, Chinese patent application CN111112872A discloses an in-situ synthesized TiB2 particle dispersion within the aluminum alloy. This welding wire exhibits fine grains, uniform microstructure, and high resistivity, which can alleviate some of the problems encountered in welding 7xxx series aluminum alloys, thereby improving welding quality and strength. However, the 7xxx series high-strength aluminum alloy welding wire disclosed in CN111112872A employs a manufacturing process involving ingot casting, machining, hot extrusion, and multiple drawing and annealing processes. This process is complex, results in low product yield, requires significant equipment and space investment, and is difficult to sustain in continuous mass production.

[0004] How to solve the above problems is something that those skilled in the art need to consider. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the prior art, this application provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire with high production efficiency, low cost, and good product performance, as well as the aluminum alloy welding wire itself.

[0006] This application provides a method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Aluminum molten metal smelting: Aluminum ingots, zinc ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum rare earth alloys are added to a smelting furnace and heated to melt. Then, magnesium ingots are added, stirred and melted thoroughly, and slag is skimmed off to obtain aluminum molten metal.

[0008] In-furnace refining: The molten aluminum is transferred to a tilting holding furnace for refining. After refining, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is removed, and then it is allowed to stand and casting is started to obtain molten aluminum.

[0009] Ultrasonic degassing: A filtration method for online degassing of the aluminum molten material flowing through the flow channel, wherein an ultrasonic degassing device is used for online degassing;

[0010] Online filtration: The molten aluminum is filtered online using an electromagnetic filtration device;

[0011] Continuous casting and extrusion: The treated aluminum melt is poured into a continuous casting and extrusion device through a nozzle, solidifies and is extruded in a rotating water-cooled grooved wheel cavity, and a wire rod blank with a diameter of 6 mm to 9 mm is obtained by extrusion.

[0012] Rod blank drawing: The welding wire rod blank is continuously drawn using a 6-die wire drawing machine to obtain a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4mm to 5mm;

[0013] Intermediate annealing: The welding wire blank is subjected to annealing treatment;

[0014] Finished product drawing: The annealed welding wire blank is drawn to obtain aluminum alloy welding wire.

[0015] In one embodiment, during the continuous casting and extrusion step, the casting temperature ranges from 680°C to 700°C, the cooling water temperature ranges from 15°C to 40°C, and at the outlet of the extruded wire rod blank, the temperature of the wire rod blank ranges from 380°C to 430°C.

[0016] In one embodiment, during the aluminum molten metal smelting step, aluminum ingots with a purity greater than 99.8%, zinc ingots with a purity greater than 99.9%, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum-rare earth alloys are added to the smelting furnace.

[0017] In one embodiment, during the in-furnace refining step, the molten aluminum is transferred to the tilting holding furnace, and the temperature range of the tilting holding furnace is adjusted to 720°C to 730°C. In-furnace refining is carried out using a mixture of argon and chlorine gas for 3 to 5 minutes. Subsequently, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is skimmed off, and the temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 710°C to 720°C and left to stand for 25 to 35 minutes before casting begins.

[0018] In one embodiment, during the ultrasonic degassing step, the ultrasonic power is 1 kW to 3 kW and the frequency is 20 kHz to 30 kHz, controlling the hydrogen content in the treated aluminum melt to be less than 0.1 ml / 100 g.

[0019] In one embodiment, during the online filtration step, the electromagnetic filtration device uses an IGBT induction power supply with a power of 50KW and a frequency of 10KHZ to control the removal rate of inclusions with a particle size greater than 1μm in the aluminum melt to be greater than 90%.

[0020] In one embodiment, in the rod blank drawing step, the 6-die wire drawing machine is used to continuously draw the welding wire rod blank, wherein the pass processing rate is 8 to 12%, so as to draw the welding wire rod blank into a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm.

[0021] In one embodiment, during the intermediate annealing step, the welding wire blank is first kept at a temperature range of 350°C to 400°C for 1 to 3 hours, and then kept at a temperature range of 200°C to 300°C for 3 to 5 hours.

[0022] In one embodiment, in the finished product drawing step, the annealed welding wire blank is drawn to near the finished product size, and then subjected to two consecutive peeling processes to remove surface scratches and fatigue layers, thereby obtaining the finished aluminum alloy welding wire with a diameter of 1.8 mm to 2.4 mm.

[0023] This application embodiment also provides an aluminum alloy welding wire, which is manufactured by the preparation method of aluminum alloy welding wire described in any one of the foregoing embodiments. The aluminum alloy welding wire is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Zn 4.5% to 5.2%, Mg 1.2% to 1.8%, Cu 1.5% to 2.0%, Mn 0.2% to 0.5%, Cr 0.1% to 0.3%, Zr 0.05% to 0.2%, Ce 0.05% to 0.15%, Y 0.05% to 0.15%, Si content less than or equal to 0.05%, Fe content less than or equal to 0.08%, and the remainder being Al and other unavoidable impurity elements. The content of each unavoidable impurity element is less than or equal to 0.02%, and the total amount of other unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.1%.

[0024] The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire and the aluminum alloy welding wire of this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The aluminum alloy welding wire provided in this application contains Y and Ce elements, which can improve the morphology and distribution of inclusion phases in the weld zone. In addition, Ce and Zr elements can refine the solidification structure, thereby reducing welding defects and improving the ductility and toughness of the weld zone of 7xxx series aluminum alloys.

[0026] (2) The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire provided in this application adopts a continuous casting and extrusion process to directly obtain welding wire rod blank from aluminum melt. The process is simple and the yield is high. The aluminum alloy structure is fully broken by severe shear deformation, so that the obtained welding wire rod blank has a dense deformed structure.

[0027] (3) The aluminum alloy welding wire preparation method provided in this application has a dense structure and sufficient dynamic recrystallization in the welding wire rod blank produced by continuous casting and extrusion process, which has good drawing processability. In the subsequent processing, only one intermediate annealing is required to draw to the finished size, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the preparation method of the aluminum alloy welding wire provided in this application embodiment.

[0029] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following description will refer to the accompanying drawings to provide a more complete picture of the present application. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These exemplary embodiments are provided to make the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. Similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components.

[0031] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to also include the plural forms. Furthermore, when used herein, “comprising” and / or “including” and / or “having,” integers, steps, operations, components, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. Furthermore, unless expressly defined herein, terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be interpreted as having the same meaning as they have in the relevant art and in the content of this application, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.

[0033] The specific embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown in the embodiment of this application, a method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Aluminum molten metal smelting: Aluminum ingots, zinc ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum-rare earth alloys are added to a smelting furnace and heated to melt. Then, magnesium ingots are added, stirred and melted thoroughly, and slag is skimmed off to obtain aluminum molten metal.

[0036] In one embodiment, during the aluminum molten metal smelting step, aluminum ingots with a purity greater than 99.8%, zinc ingots with a purity greater than 99.9%, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum-rare earth alloys are added to the smelting furnace.

[0037] In-furnace refining: The molten aluminum is transferred to a tilting holding furnace for refining. After refining, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is removed, and then it is allowed to stand and casting is started to obtain molten aluminum.

[0038] In one embodiment, during the in-furnace refining step, the molten aluminum is transferred to the tilting holding furnace, and the temperature range of the tilting holding furnace is adjusted to 720°C to 730°C. In-furnace refining is carried out using a mixture of argon and chlorine gas for 3 to 5 minutes. Subsequently, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is skimmed off, and the temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 710°C to 720°C and left to stand for 25 to 35 minutes before casting begins.

[0039] In one embodiment, the temperature of the tilting heat preservation furnace can specifically be 721°C, 722°C, 723°C, 724°C, 725°C, 726°C, 727°C, 728°C, or 729°C.

[0040] In one embodiment, the temperature of the molten aluminum during the settling period can be 711°C, 712°C, 713°C, 714°C, 715°C, 716°C, 717°C, 718°C, or 719°C, and the settling time can be 26 minutes, 27 minutes, 28 minutes, 29 minutes, 30 minutes, 31 minutes, 32 minutes, 33 minutes, or 34 minutes.

[0041] Ultrasonic degassing: A filtration method for online degassing of the aluminum molten material flowing through the flow channel, which uses an ultrasonic degassing device for online degassing.

[0042] In one embodiment, during the ultrasonic degassing step, the ultrasonic power is 1 kW to 3 kW and the frequency is 20 kHz to 30 kHz, controlling the hydrogen content in the treated aluminum melt to be less than 0.1 ml / 100 g.

[0043] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic power can specifically be 1.1 kW, 1.2 kW, 1.3 kW, 1.4 kW, 1.5 kW, 1.6 kW, 1.7 kW, 1.8 kW, 1.9 kW, 2.0 kW, 2.1 kW, 2.2 kW, 2.3 kW, 2.4 kW, 2.5 kW, 2.6 kW, 2.7 kW, 2.8 kW, or 2.9 kW.

[0044] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic frequency can specifically be 21KHz, 22KHz, 23KHz, 24KHz, 25KHz, 26KHz, 27KHz, 28KHz, or 29KHz.

[0045] Online filtration: The aluminum melt is filtered online using an electromagnetic filtration device.

[0046] In one embodiment, during the online filtration step, the electromagnetic filtration device uses an IGBT induction power supply with a power of 50KW and a frequency of 10KHZ to control the removal rate of inclusions with a particle size greater than 1μm in the aluminum melt to be greater than 90%.

[0047] Continuous casting and extrusion: The treated aluminum melt is poured into a continuous casting and extrusion device through a nozzle, solidifies and is extruded in a rotating water-cooled grooved wheel cavity, and a wire rod blank with a diameter of 6 mm to 9 mm is obtained by extrusion.

[0048] In one embodiment, during the continuous casting and extrusion step, the casting temperature ranges from 680°C to 700°C, the cooling water temperature ranges from 15°C to 40°C, and at the outlet of the extruded wire rod blank, the temperature of the wire rod blank ranges from 380°C to 430°C.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that during the continuous casting and extrusion process, the aluminum melt undergoes sufficient dynamic recrystallization, and the extruded welding wire rod blank is cooled and then wound into a coil.

[0050] In one embodiment, the casting temperature may specifically be 681℃, 682℃, 683℃, 684℃, 685℃, 686℃, 687℃, 688℃, 689℃, 690℃, 691℃, 692℃, 693℃, 694℃, 695℃, 696℃, 697℃, 698℃, or 699℃.

[0051] In one embodiment, the temperature of the cooling water can be 18°C, 20°C, 22°C, 24°C, 26°C, 28°C, 30°C, 32°C, 34°C, 36°C, or 38°C.

[0052] In one embodiment, the temperature of the welding wire rod blank at the outlet of the extruded welding wire rod blank can specifically be 390°C, 400°C, 410°C, or 420°C.

[0053] Rod blank drawing: The welding wire rod blank is continuously drawn using a 6-die wire drawing machine to obtain a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4mm to 5mm.

[0054] In one embodiment, in the rod blank drawing step, the 6-die wire drawing machine is used to continuously draw the welding wire rod blank, wherein the pass processing rate is 8 to 12%, so as to draw the welding wire rod blank into a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm.

[0055] Intermediate annealing: The welding wire blank is subjected to annealing treatment.

[0056] In one embodiment, during the intermediate annealing step, the welding wire blank is first kept at a temperature range of 350°C to 400°C for 1 to 3 hours, and then kept at a temperature range of 200°C to 300°C for 3 to 5 hours.

[0057] In one embodiment, the temperature of the first heat treatment of the welding wire blank can be 360°C, 370°C, 380°C, or 390°C.

[0058] Those skilled in the art will understand that the first heat treatment of the welding wire blank eliminates the work hardening effect through recrystallization.

[0059] In one embodiment, the temperature of the second heat preservation of the welding wire blank can be 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 240℃, 250℃, 260℃, 270℃, 280℃, or 290℃.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will understand that performing a second heat treatment on the welding wire blank further improves its processing plasticity.

[0061] Finished product drawing: The annealed welding wire blank is drawn to obtain aluminum alloy welding wire.

[0062] In one embodiment, in the finished product drawing step, the annealed welding wire blank is drawn to near the finished product size, and then subjected to two consecutive peeling processes to remove surface scratches and fatigue layers, thereby obtaining the finished aluminum alloy welding wire with a diameter of 1.8 mm to 2.4 mm.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that the method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire provided in this application uses a continuous casting and extrusion process to directly obtain welding wire rod blanks from molten aluminum. The process is simple and has a high yield. The aluminum alloy structure is fully broken by severe shear deformation, resulting in a dense deformed structure in the obtained welding wire rod blank.

[0064] Those skilled in the art will understand that the aluminum alloy welding wire preparation method provided in this application produces a welding wire rod blank with a dense structure and sufficient dynamic recrystallization through a continuous casting and extrusion process, which has good drawability. In subsequent processing, only one intermediate annealing is required to draw it to the finished size, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing costs.

[0065] This application embodiment also provides an aluminum alloy welding wire, which is manufactured by the preparation method of aluminum alloy welding wire described in any one of the foregoing embodiments. The aluminum alloy welding wire is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Zn 4.5% to 5.2%, Mg 1.2% to 1.8%, Cu 1.5% to 2.0%, Mn 0.2% to 0.5%, Cr 0.1% to 0.3%, Zr 0.05% to 0.2%, Ce 0.05% to 0.15%, Y 0.05% to 0.15%, Si content less than or equal to 0.05%, Fe content less than or equal to 0.08%, and the remainder being Al and other unavoidable impurity elements. The content of each unavoidable impurity element is less than or equal to 0.02%, and the total amount of other unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.1%.

[0066] In one embodiment, the Zn content can specifically be 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9%, 5.0%, or 5.1%.

[0067] In one embodiment, the Mg content can specifically be 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, or 1.7%.

[0068] In one embodiment, the Cu content can specifically be 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, or 1.9%.

[0069] In one embodiment, the content of Mn can be 0.3% or 0.4%.

[0070] In one embodiment, the Cr content may specifically be 0.2%.

[0071] In one embodiment, the Zr content can specifically be 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.17%, 0.18%, or 0.19%.

[0072] In one embodiment, the Ce content can specifically be 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, or 0.14%.

[0073] In one embodiment, the content of Y can specifically be 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, or 0.14%.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will understand that the aluminum alloy welding wire provided in this application contains Y and Ce elements, which can improve the morphology and distribution of inclusion phases in the weld zone. Furthermore, Ce and Zr elements can refine the solidification structure, thereby reducing welding defects and improving the ductility and toughness of the weld zone in 7xxx series aluminum alloys.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will understand that the aluminum alloy welding wire prepared by the method provided in this application has good performance and is suitable for the aerospace field.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] Aluminum molten metal smelting: Add aluminum ingots with a purity greater than 99.8%, zinc ingots with a purity greater than 99.9%, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum-rare earth alloys to a smelting furnace and heat to melt them. Then, add magnesium ingots, stir and melt them thoroughly, and remove the slag to obtain aluminum molten metal.

[0078] In-furnace refining: The molten aluminum is transferred to a tilting holding furnace, the temperature of the molten aluminum is adjusted to 730°C, and it is refined for 4 minutes using an argon / chlorine mixed gas. After refining, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is removed, and then it is allowed to stand at 710°C for 30 minutes before casting.

[0079] Ultrasonic degassing and online filtration: The aluminum melt flowing through the flow channel is degassed online using an ultrasonic degassing device and filtered online using an electromagnetic filtration device to control the hydrogen content in the melt to be less than 0.1 ml / 100 g and remove inclusions with a particle size greater than 1 μm.

[0080] Continuous casting and extrusion: The treated aluminum melt is poured through a nozzle into a continuous casting and extrusion machine to solidify and form a wire rod blank, which is then extruded by rotating extrusion rollers to obtain a wire rod blank. The melt casting temperature is 690℃, the cooling water temperature is 20℃, the extruded wire rod blank diameter is 7mm, the temperature of the wire rod blank at the exit is 410℃, and the extruded wire rod blank is cooled and then wound into a coil.

[0081] Rod blank drawing: The welding wire rod blank is continuously drawn using a 6-die wire drawing machine with a pass rate of 8-12%, resulting in a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4.5 mm.

[0082] Intermediate annealing: The welding wire blank is subjected to a stepped annealing process of holding at 400℃ for 1 hour and then at 250℃ for 5 hours.

[0083] Finished product drawing: The annealed welding wire blank is drawn to near the finished product size, and then a finished welding wire with a diameter of 2.0 mm is prepared by two consecutive peeling processes.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] Aluminum molten metal smelting: Add aluminum ingots with a purity greater than 99.8%, zinc ingots with a purity greater than 99.9%, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum-rare earth alloys to a smelting furnace and heat to melt them. Then, add magnesium ingots, stir and melt them thoroughly, and remove the slag to obtain aluminum molten metal.

[0086] In-furnace refining: The molten aluminum is transferred to a tilting holding furnace, the temperature of the molten aluminum is adjusted to 725°C, and it is refined for 5 minutes using an argon / chlorine mixed gas. After refining, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is removed, and then it is allowed to stand at 710°C for 30 minutes before casting.

[0087] Ultrasonic degassing and online filtration: The aluminum melt flowing through the flow channel is degassed online using an ultrasonic degassing device and filtered online using an electromagnetic filtration device to control the hydrogen content in the melt to be less than 0.1 ml / 100 g and remove inclusions with a particle size greater than 1 μm.

[0088] Continuous casting and extrusion: The treated aluminum melt is poured into a continuous casting and extrusion machine through a nozzle to solidify and form a wire rod blank, which is then extruded by rotating extrusion rollers to obtain a wire rod blank. The melt casting temperature is 700℃, the cooling water temperature is 15℃, the extruded wire rod blank diameter is 6mm, the temperature of the wire rod blank at the exit is 407℃, and the extruded wire rod blank is cooled and then wound into a coil.

[0089] Rod blank drawing: The welding wire rod blank is continuously drawn using a 6-die wire drawing machine with a pass rate of 8-12%, resulting in a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4.2 mm.

[0090] Intermediate annealing: The welding wire blank is subjected to a stepped annealing treatment, which involves holding at 380°C for 1.5 hours and at 250°C for 4 hours.

[0091] Finished product drawing: The annealed welding wire blank is drawn to near the finished product size, and then a finished welding wire with a diameter of 1.8 mm is prepared by two consecutive peeling processes.

[0092] The specific embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and substitutions can be made to the specific embodiments of this application without departing from the scope of this application. All such changes and substitutions fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy welding wire is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Zn 4.5% to 5.2%, Mg 1.2% to 1.8%, Cu 1.5% to 2.0%, Mn 0.2% to 0.5%, Cr 0.1% to 0.3%, Zr 0.05% to 0.2%, Ce 0.05% to 0.15%, Y 0.05% to 0.15%, Si content less than or equal to 0.05%, Fe content less than or equal to 0.08%, and the remainder being Al and other unavoidable impurity elements. The content of each unavoidable impurity element is less than or equal to 0.02%, and the total amount of other unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.1%. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy welding wire includes the following steps: Aluminum molten metal smelting: Aluminum ingots, zinc ingots, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum rare earth alloys are added to a smelting furnace and heated to melt. Then, magnesium ingots are added, stirred and melted thoroughly, and slag is skimmed off to obtain aluminum molten metal. In-furnace refining: The molten aluminum is transferred to a tilting holding furnace for refining. After refining, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is removed, and then it is allowed to stand and casting is started to obtain molten aluminum. Ultrasonic degassing: A filtration method for online degassing of the aluminum molten material flowing through the flow channel, wherein an ultrasonic degassing device is used for online degassing; Online filtration: The molten aluminum is filtered online using an electromagnetic filtration device; Continuous casting and extrusion: The treated aluminum melt is poured into a continuous casting and extrusion device through a nozzle, solidifies and is extruded in a rotating water-cooled grooved wheel cavity, and a wire rod blank with a diameter of 6 mm to 9 mm is obtained by extrusion. Rod blank drawing: The welding wire rod blank is continuously drawn using a 6-die wire drawing machine to obtain a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4mm to 5mm; Intermediate annealing: The welding wire blank is subjected to annealing treatment, wherein, in the intermediate annealing step, the welding wire blank is first held at a temperature range of 350°C to 400°C for 1 to 3 hours, and then held at a temperature range of 200°C to 300°C for 3 to 5 hours. Finished product drawing: The annealed welding wire blank is drawn to obtain aluminum alloy welding wire.

2. The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the continuous casting and extrusion step, the casting temperature ranges from 680°C to 700°C, the cooling water temperature ranges from 15°C to 40°C, and at the outlet of the extruded welding wire rod blank, the temperature of the welding wire rod blank ranges from 380°C to 430°C.

3. The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the aluminum molten metal smelting step, aluminum ingots with a purity greater than 99.8%, zinc ingots with a purity greater than 99.9%, aluminum-copper alloys, aluminum-manganese alloys, aluminum-chromium alloys, aluminum-zirconium alloys, and aluminum-rare earth alloys are added to the smelting furnace.

4. The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the furnace refining step, the molten aluminum is transferred into the tilting holding furnace, and the temperature range of the tilting holding furnace is adjusted to 720°C to 730°C. The furnace refining is carried out using a mixture of argon and chlorine gas for 3 to 5 minutes. Then, the slag on the surface of the molten aluminum is skimmed off, and the temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 710°C to 720°C and left to stand for 25 to 35 minutes before casting begins.

5. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy welding wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the ultrasonic degassing step, the ultrasonic power is 1 kW to 3 kW and the frequency is 20 kHz to 30 kHz, and the hydrogen content in the treated aluminum melt is controlled to be less than 0.1 ml / 100 g.

6. The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the online filtration step, the electromagnetic filtration device uses an IGBT induction power supply with a power of 50KW and a frequency of 10KHZ to control the removal rate of inclusions with a particle size greater than 1μm in the aluminum melt to be greater than 90%.

7. The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the rod blank drawing step, the 6-die wire drawing machine is used to continuously draw the welding wire rod blank, wherein the pass processing rate is 8 to 12%, so as to draw the welding wire rod blank into a welding wire blank with a diameter of 4 to 5 mm.

8. The method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the finished product drawing step, the annealed welding wire blank is drawn to near the finished product size, and then the surface scratches and fatigue layer are removed by two consecutive peeling processes to obtain the finished aluminum alloy welding wire with a diameter of 1.8 mm to 2.4 mm.

9. An aluminum alloy welding wire, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy welding wire is manufactured by the method for preparing aluminum alloy welding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The aluminum alloy welding wire is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Zn 4.5% to 5.2%, Mg 1.2% to 1.8%, Cu 1.5% to 2.0%, Mn 0.2% to 0.5%, Cr 0.1% to 0.3%, Zr 0.05% to 0.2%, Ce 0.05% to 0.15%, Y 0.05% to 0.15%, Si content less than or equal to 0.05%, Fe content less than or equal to 0.08%, and the remainder being Al and other unavoidable impurity elements. The content of each unavoidable impurity element is less than or equal to 0.02%, and the total amount of other unavoidable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.1%.

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