High grafting method for mangifera indica

Abstract

The application provides a high grafting crown changing method for Lecythis minor, which comprises the following steps of germplasm resource screening, scion treatment, mother stock cutting, grafting, stock removal from shade and post-grafting management, has high grafting survival rate and stock survival rate, short healing time and nursery time, and the scion is intact without damage, no dry burst, the stock survival rate is 95.2-97.2%, and the grafting survival rate is 95.2-98.4%.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a high grafting and crown changing method of Baccaurea ramiflora. BACKGROUND

[0002] Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. is a evergreen arbor of Euphorbiaceae and Baccaurea, with a height of 5-15 meters and a diameter at breast height of 60 centimeters; the bark is grayish brown; the leaf blade is papery, oblong-lanceolate, oblong, or lanceolate, with a short acuminate to acute apex and a cuneate base, and is entire or shallowly wavy, green on the upper surface and yellow-green on the lower surface, and is glabrous on both surfaces; the flower is small, and is bisexual, with no petals; the corymiform raceme is axillary or cauliflorous; the berry-like capsule is ovoid or nearly spherical, yellow and then purple-red, and is not dehiscent, with 1-3 seeds; the seed is oblate-elliptic or nearly circular, and is distributed in India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia and China. In China, it is distributed in Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and Yunnan, etc. It is distributed in the valley and slope forest at an altitude of 1000-1300 meters. The fruit of Baccaurea ramiflora tastes sour and sweet, and can be eaten when it is ripe. The wood can be used for furniture and fine woodworking materials. The tree shape is beautiful, and can be used as a street tree. The fruit of Baccaurea ramiflora contains various chemical components, and has the effects of relieving cough and asthma, and detoxifying and relieving itching.

[0003] Baccaurea ramiflora is deeply loved by the public, however, the current planting of Baccaurea ramiflora is mainly in the wild state, and is almost planted in the valley and slope forest at low altitude, and has not been widely popularized and commercially cultivated. At present, the survival rate of Baccaurea ramiflora after grafting is low, and the grafting part is difficult to completely heal. After survival by grafting, it is easy to graft, and after grafting, it is difficult to survive. The stock of Baccaurea ramiflora after survival by grafting is prone to dryness and cracking. At the same time, the direct use of the scion of Baccaurea ramiflora often has low cell activity, and the growth and breeding after grafting are slow. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a high grafting and crown changing method of Baccaurea ramiflora, which solves the above problems.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is implemented as follows: a high grafting and crown changing method of Baccaurea ramiflora comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, germplasm resource screening: according to the breeding standards of short childhood, bright and beautiful appearance and high sweetness, the whole plant without damage, the plant type is correct and full, the stem and leaf are strong and powerful, and the seedling is selected as the scion;

[0007] S2, scion treatment: the pruned scion is placed in a ventilated and shady room, the base of the scion is cut into symmetrical long and short bevels to form a wedge, and the upper end of the scion is dipped into a treatment liquid for 8-15 seconds and taken out for standby;

[0008] S3, cutting / cutting mother anvil: cutting mother anvil to consider the height of the grafting site consistency and uniformity of distribution, mother anvil crown after cutting should be umbrella-shaped, each grafting site is evenly distributed on the same arc surface, the height difference is uniform, cutting mother anvil should pay attention to the preservation of branch tip node as the grafting site, according to the size of the scion, take the small part of the mother anvil wood down cut, so that the anvil wood form a groove, require straight cut without cracking;

[0009] S4, grafting: choose in September-October using bud grafting method, quickly cut the scion piece embedded in the groove of the stock, scion piece layer and stock cambium align, close, scion piece below to be inserted into the bottom of the groove of the stock, above to be aligned with the upper cut of the stock or slightly lower than the cut of the stock, after close alignment, no longer move the scion piece, after the grafting cut dry, apply healing agent, use tape to bundle, the bud is exposed outside, moderate tightness, then wrap the grafting site with sterilized film;

[0010] S5, stock shade: when the bud grows to about 20 cm, remove the film, timely remove the bud root of the new sprout of the grafting site of the stock, so as to avoid competition for nutrients with the grafting bud, select one-time tape to fix the grafting strip on the windproof branch, avoid the grafting strip breakage;

[0011] S6, post-grafting management: after grafting, fertilize, keep the soil moist for one month, reasonable water and fertilizer management, grass damage and pest control and other procedures.

[0012] Further, the S2 is to cut the base of the scion on the side without bud, the leaf bud is towards the inside of the body, and the long inclined surface of 2.5-3.5 cm long is cut to the inclined surface of the wood, the scion is rotated 180° along the axis of the scion, and the short inclined surface of 45° less than 1 cm corresponding to the back of the inclined surface is cut, so that the base of the scion is in the shape of a flat wedge, the upper part of the scion is cut with a pruning shear to make the length of the scion between 6-8 cm, and 1-2 leaf buds are reserved on one side of the long inclined surface.

[0013] Further, in the S2, the upper end of the scion is put into the treatment liquid to 4-7 cm deep, and the temperature of the treatment liquid is adjusted to 16-20℃.

[0014] Further, the treatment liquid of the S2 includes the following raw materials by weight: baicalein 32-45 parts, rutin 11-26 parts, zeatin riboside 12-26 parts, shikimic acid 3-13 parts, rosemary acid 3-6 parts, dithiothreitol 3-9 parts; the treatment liquid can promote the differentiation of scion cells, accelerate the growth and development of the healing part of the scion and the stock, be beneficial to the respiration of the scion, make the scion grow, and greatly improve the survival rate of grafting.

[0015] Further, the healing agent in S4 comprises the following raw materials by weight: animal oil 1-3 parts, abscisic acid 3-10 parts, naphthalene acetic acid 1-3 parts, chitosan 3-10 parts, wolf amaranth amine 8-14 parts, and complex bacterial liquid 9-18 parts.

[0016] Further, the complex bacterial liquid comprises Lactobacillus reuteri with OD600=16-22, Saccharomyces cerevisiae with OD600=12-14, and Bacillus cohnii with OD600=6-8.

[0017] Further, the animal oil is one of pig oil, beef tallow or fish oil.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The high grafting crown changing method of the present application has a high grafting survival rate and stock survival rate, and short healing time and nursery time, the healing time is 9-15 days, the scion can be taken out of the nursery in the same year, the scion has a complete shape without damage, no dryness and explosion, the stock survival rate is 95.2-97.2%, and the grafting survival rate is 95.2-98.4%; the treatment liquid configured in the present application is scientifically proportioned, can promote the differentiation of the scion cells, make the cells active in cell division, the stock and the scion have strong affinity, accelerate the growth and development of the healing part of the scion and the stock, and is beneficial to the respiration of the scion;

[0020] Meanwhile, the healing agent is configured to treat the scion slice, can form a certain permeable and stable protective film on the surface of the scion, the water molecules of the stock can penetrate into the scion slice before the connection of the stock and the scion, and the protective film can prevent the water molecules from being lost at the joint between the scion slice and the stock, the healing agent combined with specific raw materials can achieve good healing, reduce the healing time, and improve the grafting survival rate and the stock survival rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to better understand the technical content of the present application, the following specific examples are provided to further illustrate the present application.

[0022] The experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present application are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0023] The materials and reagents used in the embodiments of the present application can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A high grafting crown changing method of wood milk fruit: comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1, germplasm resource screening: according to the breeding standards of short childhood, bright and beautiful appearance and high sweetness, the whole plant without damage, plant type upright and full, strong and vigorous stem and leaf of the superior plant are selected as the scion;

[0027] S2, scion processing: the pruned scion is placed in a well-ventilated indoor shady place, the base of the scion is cut into symmetrical long and short bevels, the cut is first made on the side of the base of the scion without buds, with the leaf buds facing the inside of the body, the long bevel of 2.5-3.5 cm is cut to the depth of the wood, the scion is rotated 180° along the axis of the scion, and a corresponding segment bevel of 45° and less than 1 cm is cut on the back of the bevel, making the base of the scion into a flat wedge, the upper part of the scion is trimmed with a pruning shear to make the length of the scion between 6-8 cm, and 1-2 leaf buds are retained on one side of the long bevel, the upper end of the scion is immersed in a treatment solution to a depth of 4-7 cm, the temperature of the treatment solution is adjusted to 16℃, and the scion is immersed for 8 s before being taken out for standby; the treatment solution comprises the following raw materials by weight: baicalein 32 parts, rutin 11 parts, zeatin riboside 12 parts, shikimic acid 3 parts, rosemary acid 3 parts, dithiothreitol 3 parts;

[0028] S3, cutting and cutting stock: the height consistency and uniformity of the grafting site should be considered when cutting the stock, the crown of the stock should be umbrella-shaped after cutting, and each grafting site should be uniformly distributed on the same arc surface with uniform height difference, and the internode of the branch tip should be reserved as the grafting site when cutting the stock, according to the size of the scion, a small part of the wood of the stock is cut downward to form a groove on the stock, and the cut should be straight and not cracked;

[0029] S4, grafting: the bud grafting method is selected in September-October, the scion cut piece is quickly embedded into the groove of the stock, the cambium of the scion cut piece is aligned and closely attached to the cambium of the stock, the scion cut piece is tightly inserted into the bottom of the groove of the stock, and the upper part is aligned with or slightly lower than the upper cut of the stock, the scion cut piece is not moved after being closely aligned, a healing agent is applied after the grafting cut is dry, the grafting site is bound with adhesive tape, the bud is exposed outside, the tightness is moderate, and then the grafting site is wrapped with sterilized film; the healing agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 1 part of lard, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 1 part of naphthalene acetic acid, 3-4 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of wolf amine, and 9 parts of complex bacterial solution, the complex bacterial solution comprises Lactobacillus reuteri with OD600=16, Saccharomyces cerevisiae with OD600=12, and Bacillus cohnii with OD600=6;

[0030] S5, shading of stock: when the sprout grows to about 20 cm, the film is removed, and the new sprouts at the root of the stock are timely removed to prevent competition for nutrients with the grafting bud, and the grafting strip is fixed on the windproof branch with disposable adhesive tape to avoid breaking of the grafting strip;

[0031] S6, post-grafting management: fertilization is performed after grafting, and the soil is kept moist for one month, and reasonable water and fertilizer management, grass damage and pest control, and other procedures are performed.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] A high grafting method of Ximenia americana L.

[0034] S1, germplasm resource screening: according to the breeding standards of short childhood, appearance bright and beautiful and high sweetness, the whole plant without damage, plant type upright and full, stem and leaf strong and powerful seedling superior plant is selected as the scion;

[0035] S2, scion treatment: the trimmed scion is placed in a well-ventilated shady place indoors, the base of the scion is cut into symmetrical long and short bevels, the scion is first cut on the side without buds at the base of the scion, the leaf buds are directed inward, the long bevel of 2.5-3.5 cm is cut to the depth of the long bevel, the scion is rotated 180° along the axis of the scion, and the corresponding segment bevel of 45° less than 1 cm is cut on the back of the bevel, so that the base of the scion is wedge-shaped, the upper part of the scion is trimmed with a pruning shear to make the length of the scion between 6-8 cm, and 1-2 leaf buds are reserved on one side of the long bevel, the upper end of the scion is put into the treatment liquid to a depth of 4-7 cm, the temperature of the treatment liquid is adjusted to 20℃, and the scion is soaked for 15 s and then taken out for standby; the treatment liquid comprises the following raw materials by weight: baicalein 45 parts, rutin 26 parts, zeatin riboside 26 parts, shikimic acid 13 parts, rosemary acid 6 parts, dithiothreitol 9 parts;

[0036] S3, cutting and grafting: the grafting site of the mother stock should consider the consistency and uniformity of the grafting site height, the crown of the mother stock should be umbrella-shaped after pruning, and each grafting site should be evenly distributed on the same arc surface with uniform height difference. When cutting the mother stock, the internodes of the branch tips are reserved as the grafting site. According to the size of the scion, a small part of the xylem of the mother stock is cut downward to form a groove on the stock, and the cut surface is required to be straight and not to crack;

[0037] S4, grafting: the bud grafting method is selected in September-October, the scion slice is quickly embedded into the groove of the stock, the cambium of the scion slice is aligned and closely attached to the cambium of the stock, the lower part of the scion slice is tightly inserted into the bottom of the groove of the stock, and the upper part is aligned or slightly lower than the upper cut of the stock. After the grafting cut is dry, a healing agent is applied, the grafting site is bound with adhesive tape, the bud is exposed outside, the tightness is moderate, and then the grafting site is wrapped with sterilized film; the healing agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: fish oil 3 parts, abscisic acid 10 parts, naphthalene acetic acid 3 parts, chitosan 10 parts, wolf amaranth amine 14 parts, and composite bacterial liquid 18 parts, the composite bacterial liquid comprises Lactobacillus reuteri with OD600=22, Saccharomyces cerevisiae with OD600=14, and Bacillus cohnii with OD600=8;

[0038] S5. Shading the rootstock: When the sprouts grow to about 20cm, remove the film and promptly wipe away any new sprouts that grow on the roots below the grafting site on the rootstock to prevent them from competing with the grafted bud for nutrients. Use disposable tape to fix the grafting strip to the windproof branch to prevent the grafting strip from breaking.

[0039] S6. Post-grafting management: Fertilize after grafting and keep the soil and water moist for one month. Implement reasonable water and fertilizer management, and control weeds and pests.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus* includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Germplasm resource screening: Based on the selection criteria of short juvenile period, bright and beautiful appearance and high sweetness, select seedlings with no defects, upright and full plant type and strong stems and leaves as scions.

[0043] S2. Scion Treatment: Wrap the pruned scions and place them in a well-ventilated, shady indoor location. Make symmetrical long and short bevels on both sides of the base of the scion. Begin the cut on the side of the scion without buds, with the leaf bud facing inwards. Make a 2.5-3.5cm long bevel reaching the xylem. Rotate the scion 180° along its axis and make a 45° bevel less than 1cm long on the back of the original bevel, ensuring the base of the scion... The scion is wedge-shaped. The upper part of the scion is trimmed with pruning shears to a length of 6-8 cm, and 1-2 leaf buds are retained on one side of the long, sloping surface. The upper end of the scion is immersed in the treatment solution to a depth of 4-7 cm. The temperature of the treatment solution is adjusted to 18℃ and the scion is immersed for 12 seconds before being removed and set aside. The treatment solution contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts baicalin, 18 parts rutin, 18 parts zeatin nucleoside, 8 parts shikimic acid, 4 parts rosmarinic acid, and 7 parts dithiothreitol.

[0044] S3. Cutting / Cut the Mother Rootstock: When cutting the mother rootstock to obtain grafting sites, the uniformity of the grafting site height and the evenness of the distribution should be considered. After the crown of the mother rootstock is cut off, it should be umbrella-shaped, and each grafting site should be evenly distributed on the same arc surface with uniform height difference. When cutting the mother rootstock, pay attention to retaining the internodes of the branches as grafting sites. According to the size of the scion, make a small cut downward from the wood of the mother rootstock to form a groove on the rootstock. The cut should be straight and not cracked.

[0045] S4. Grafting: Bud grafting is performed in September or October. The scion slice is quickly inserted into the groove of the rootstock, ensuring the cambium layer of the scion slice is aligned and close to the cambium layer of the rootstock. The scion slice should be firmly inserted to the bottom of the groove, and its upper part should be aligned with or slightly lower than the upper cut of the rootstock. Once aligned, the scion slice should not be moved. After the grafting cut is dry, a healing agent is applied, and the graft is bound with tape, leaving the bud exposed. The binding should be moderately tight. Then, the grafting point is wrapped with sterilized film. The healing agent consists of the following ingredients by weight: 2 parts fish oil, 7 parts abscisic acid, 2 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 7 parts deacetylated chitosan, 12 parts cypermethrin, and 12 parts compound bacterial solution. The compound bacterial solution includes *Lactobacillus reuteri* with an OD600 of 19, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae* with an OD600 of 13, and *Bacillus coli* with an OD600 of 6-8.

[0046] S5. Shading the rootstock: When the sprouts grow to about 20cm, remove the film and promptly wipe away any new sprouts that grow on the roots below the grafting site on the rootstock to prevent them from competing with the grafted bud for nutrients. Use disposable tape to fix the grafting strip to the windproof branch to prevent the grafting strip from breaking.

[0047] S6. Post-grafting management: Fertilize after grafting and keep the soil and water moist for one month. Implement reasonable water and fertilizer management, and control weeds and pests.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] A method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus* includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Germplasm resource screening: Based on the selection criteria of short juvenile period, bright and beautiful appearance and high sweetness, select seedlings with no defects, upright and full plant type and strong stems and leaves as scions.

[0051] S2. Scion Treatment: Wrap the pruned scions and place them in a well-ventilated, shady indoor location. Make symmetrical long and short bevels on both sides of the base of the scion. Begin the cut on the side of the scion without buds, with the leaf bud facing inwards. Make a 2.5-3.5cm long bevel reaching the xylem. Rotate the scion 180° along its axis and make a 45° bevel less than 1cm long on the back of the original bevel, ensuring the base of the scion... The scion is wedge-shaped. The upper part of the scion is trimmed with pruning shears to a length of 6-8 cm, and 1-2 leaf buds are retained on one side of the long, sloping surface. The upper end of the scion is immersed in the treatment solution to a depth of 4-7 cm. The temperature of the treatment solution is adjusted to 18℃ and the scion is immersed for 12 seconds before being removed and set aside. The treatment solution contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts baicalin, 11 parts rutin, 12 parts zeatin nucleoside, 3 parts shikimic acid, 3 parts rosmarinic acid, and 3 parts dithiothreitol.

[0052] S3. Cutting / Cut the Mother Rootstock: When cutting the mother rootstock to obtain grafting sites, the uniformity of the grafting site height and the evenness of the distribution should be considered. After the crown of the mother rootstock is cut off, it should be umbrella-shaped, and each grafting site should be evenly distributed on the same arc surface with uniform height difference. When cutting the mother rootstock, pay attention to retaining the internodes of the branches as grafting sites. According to the size of the scion, make a small cut downward from the wood of the mother rootstock to form a groove on the rootstock. The cut should be straight and not cracked.

[0053] S4. Grafting: Bud grafting is performed in September or October. The scion slice is quickly inserted into the groove of the rootstock, ensuring the cambium layer of the scion slice is aligned and close to the cambium layer of the rootstock. The lower part of the scion slice should be firmly inserted to the bottom of the rootstock groove, and the upper part should be aligned with or slightly lower than the upper cut of the rootstock. Once aligned, the scion slice should not be moved. After the grafting cut is dry, a healing agent is applied, and the graft is bound with tape, leaving the bud exposed. The binding should be moderately tight. Then, the grafting point is wrapped with sterilized film. The healing agent consists of the following ingredients by weight: 1 part fish oil, 3 parts abscisic acid, 2 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 3 parts deacetylated chitosan, 8 parts cypermethrin, and 9 parts compound bacterial solution. The compound bacterial solution includes *Lactobacillus reuteri* with OD600=16, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae* with OD600=12, and *Bacillus coli* with OD600=6.

[0054] S5. Shading the rootstock: When the sprouts grow to about 20cm, remove the film and promptly wipe away any new sprouts that grow on the roots below the grafting site on the rootstock to prevent them from competing with the grafted bud for nutrients. Use disposable tape to fix the grafting strip to the windproof branch to prevent the grafting strip from breaking.

[0055] S6. Post-grafting management: Fertilize after grafting and keep the soil and water moist for one month. Implement reasonable water and fertilizer management, and control weeds and pests.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] A method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus* includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Germplasm resource screening: Based on the selection criteria of short juvenile period, bright and beautiful appearance and high sweetness, select seedlings with no defects, upright and full plant type and strong stems and leaves as scions.

[0059] S2. Scion Treatment: Wrap the pruned scions and place them in a well-ventilated, shady indoor location. Make symmetrical long and short bevels on both sides of the base of the scion. Begin the cut on the side of the scion without buds, with the leaf bud facing inwards. Make a 2.5-3.5cm long bevel reaching the xylem. Rotate the scion 180° along its axis and make a 45° bevel less than 1cm long on the back of the original bevel, ensuring the base of the scion... The scion is wedge-shaped. The upper part of the scion is trimmed with pruning shears to a length of 6-8 cm, and 1-2 leaf buds are retained on one side of the long, sloping surface. The upper end of the scion is immersed in the treatment solution to a depth of 4-7 cm. The temperature of the treatment solution is adjusted to 18℃ and the scion is immersed for 12 seconds before being removed and set aside. The treatment solution contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts baicalin, 26 parts rutin, 26 parts zeatin nucleoside, 13 parts shikimic acid, 6 parts rosmarinic acid, and 9 parts dithiothreitol.

[0060] S3. Cutting / Cut the Mother Rootstock: When cutting the mother rootstock to obtain grafting sites, the uniformity of the grafting site height and the evenness of the distribution should be considered. After the crown of the mother rootstock is cut off, it should be umbrella-shaped, and each grafting site should be evenly distributed on the same arc surface with uniform height difference. When cutting the mother rootstock, pay attention to retaining the internodes of the branches as grafting sites. According to the size of the scion, make a small cut downward from the wood of the mother rootstock to form a groove on the rootstock. The cut should be straight and not cracked.

[0061] S4. Grafting: Bud grafting is performed in September or October. The scion slice is quickly inserted into the groove of the rootstock, ensuring the cambium layer of the scion slice is aligned and close to the cambium layer of the rootstock. The lower part of the scion slice should be firmly inserted to the bottom of the rootstock groove, and the upper part should be aligned with or slightly lower than the upper cut of the rootstock. Once aligned, the scion slice should not be moved. After the grafting cut is dry, a healing agent is applied, and the graft is bound with tape, leaving the bud exposed. The binding should be moderately tight. Then, a sterilized film is used to wrap the grafting point. The healing agent consists of the following ingredients by weight: 3 parts fish oil, 10 parts abscisic acid, 2 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 10 parts deacetylated chitosan, 14 parts cypermethrin, and 18 parts compound bacterial solution. The compound bacterial solution includes *Lactobacillus reuteri* with an OD600 of 22, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae* with an OD600 of 14, and *Bacillus coli* with an OD600 of 8.

[0062] S5. Shading the rootstock: When the sprouts grow to about 20cm, remove the film and promptly wipe away any new sprouts that grow on the roots below the grafting site on the rootstock to prevent them from competing with the grafted bud for nutrients. Use disposable tape to fix the grafting strip to the windproof branch to prevent the grafting strip from breaking.

[0063] S6. Post-grafting management: Fertilize after grafting and keep the soil and water moist for one month. Implement reasonable water and fertilizer management, and control weeds and pests.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the scion was not soaked in the treatment solution.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the treatment solution includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts baicalin, 10 parts rutin, 30 parts zeatin nucleoside, 25 parts shikimic acid, 1 part rosmarinic acid, and 2 parts dithiothreitol.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that no compound bacterial solution was added to the healing agent.

[0070] Comparative Example 4

[0071] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that no animal oil was added to the healing agent.

[0072] Comparative Example 5

[0073] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that no cypermethrin was added to the healing agent.

[0074] I. Experimental Verification

[0075] Trial period: September 12, 2021 - September 10, 2022;

[0076] Experimental location: Taogongshan Munaiguo (a type of fruit) planting base, Yunlong Town, Haikou City, Hainan Province;

[0077] The base was divided into 11 experimental areas. Each area was grafted with *Mallotus oxypetalum* using both the top grafting and conventional grafting methods described in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5. The survival rate of the rootstock, grafting survival rate, healing period, time to transplant, and rootstock morphology were statistically analyzed. Specific data are as follows:

[0078]

[0079] The results above show that the grafting and crown replacement method of the present invention has a high grafting survival rate and rootstock survival rate when applied to *Cercidiphyllum japonicum*, and the healing time and nursery time are short, the scion is intact and undamaged, and there is no drying or cracking.

[0080] Compared with Comparative Example 1, the treatment solution prepared in this invention can promote the differentiation of scion cells, make cell division active, enhance the affinity between scion and rootstock, accelerate the growth and development of the healing part between scion and rootstock, and facilitate the respiration and awakening of scion. Compared with Comparative Example 2, it shows that the raw materials of the treatment solution can play their role well when they are in a specific ratio.

[0081] Compared with Comparative Example 3, the addition of the compound bacterial solution in Example Group 1 can inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, leading to the death of harmful microbial cells.

[0082] Compared with Comparative Example 4, the animal oil in the Example Group can increase adhesion and, together with other components, can form a film that tightly wraps the wound, inhibits plant water evaporation, and reduces water loss.

[0083] Compared with Comparative Example 5, the combination of cypermethrin, naphthaleneacetic acid, and other components in the Example group rapidly activated the plant's immune system, promoted cell division and growth metabolism, and enhanced cambium activity, thereby promoting wound healing and improving grafting survival rate, while reducing the amount of naphthaleneacetic acid required. This demonstrates that specific combinations of raw materials in a healing agent can achieve better healing, reduce healing time, and improve grafting and rootstock survival rates.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus*, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Germplasm resource screening: Based on the selection criteria of short juvenile period, bright and beautiful appearance and high sweetness, select seedlings with no defects, upright and full plant type and strong stems and leaves as scions. S2. Scion treatment: Wrap the pruned scions and place them in a well-ventilated and shady place indoors. Cut the base of the scion into symmetrical long and short bevels on both sides to make the base of the scion wedge-shaped. Dip the upper end of the scion into the treatment solution for 8-15 seconds and then take it out for later use. S3. Cutting / Cut the mother rootstock: After the crown of the mother rootstock is cut off, it is umbrella-shaped. Each grafting position is evenly distributed on the same arc surface, with uniform height. According to the size of the scion, make a small cut down from the wood of the mother rootstock to form a groove on the rootstock. The cut should be straight and not cracked. S4. Grafting: Choose September or October to use bud grafting. Quickly insert the scion slice into the groove of the rootstock, aligning and pressing the cambium layer of the scion slice with the cambium layer of the rootstock. Insert the scion slice to the bottom of the groove of the rootstock, and align it with or slightly lower than the upper cut of the rootstock. After it is tightly aligned, do not move the scion slice. After the grafting cut is dry, apply a healing agent, bind it with tape, expose the bud, and then wrap the grafting point with sterilized film. S5. Shading the rootstock: When the sprouts grow to about 20cm, remove the film and promptly wipe away any new sprouts that grow on the roots below the grafting site on the rootstock to prevent them from competing with the grafted bud for nutrients. Use disposable tape to fix the grafting strip to the windproof branch to prevent the grafting strip from breaking. S6. Post-grafting management: Fertilize after grafting and keep the soil and water moist for one month. Manage water and fertilizer properly and control weeds and pests. The treatment solution of S2 includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-45 parts of baicalin, 11-26 parts of rutin, 12-26 parts of zeatin nucleoside, 3-13 parts of shikimic acid, 3-6 parts of rosmarinic acid, and 3-9 parts of dithiothreitol. The healing agent in S4 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts animal oil, 3-10 parts abscisic acid, 1-3 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 3-10 parts deacetylated chitosan, 8-14 parts cypermethrin, and 9-18 parts compound bacterial solution.

2. The method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus* as described in claim 1, characterized in that: S2 involves first making a cut on the base of the scion, on the side without buds, with the leaf buds facing inwards. The cut is made into a long, 2.5-3.5cm long, sloping surface reaching the xylem. The scion is then rotated 180° along its axis, and a corresponding short, 45° cut, less than 1cm long, is made on the back of the sloping surface, making the base of the scion wedge-shaped. The upper part of the scion is then trimmed with pruning shears to ensure the scion is 6-8cm long, and 1-2 leaf buds are retained on one side of the long sloping surface.

3. The method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus* as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the upper end of the scion is placed into the treatment solution at a depth of 4-7 cm, and the temperature of the treatment solution is adjusted to 16-20℃.

4. The method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus* as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The compound bacterial solution includes Lactobacillus reuteri with OD600=16-22, Saccharomyces cerevisiae with OD600=12-14, and Bacillus coli with OD600=6-8.

5. The method for grafting and crown replacement of *Mallotus oleraceus* as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The animal oil is one of lard, tallow, or fish oil.

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