A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of basement ventilation shaft technology, specifically to a basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground. It includes a shaft body, which comprises side plates and a bottom plate; the side plates and bottom plate enclose a shaft cavity, the top of which is flush with the ground; a duct is provided at the side plate; one end of the duct is connected to a fan in the basement, and the other end is connected to a downward-curving elbow, the lower end of which has a downward-extending mounting pipe; an air outlet is formed through the mounting pipe, and a floating component is movably installed inside the mounting pipe. Addressing the issue of backflow prevention from the fan, this invention utilizes a downward-curving elbow connected to the duct to prevent rainwater from flowing into the duct after falling from the top, thus providing better protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of basement ventilation shaft technology, and more specifically, to a basement ventilation shaft that is flush with the ground. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of urban construction, people have higher requirements for the quality of outdoor spaces. While basement ventilation shafts may seem insignificant, improper layout can have a significant negative impact on the surface environment.

[0003] To harmonize with the surrounding landscape, most ventilation shafts are currently designed to be flush with the ground. However, when the shaft cavity is flush with the ground, ventilation can only be achieved through the top opening. Consequently, while the top opening provides ventilation, it also leaks water, allowing rainwater to fall directly into the shaft during rainy weather.

[0004] Rainwater falling into the ventilation shaft may flow directly into the duct and back into the fan; or, during heavy rain, the ventilation shaft may accumulate water due to its open top and low elevation, and if the water level is too high, it may backflow into the duct.

[0005] Both of the above situations can damage the fan. Since the fan is the power source for both air supply and exhaust, it is a core component in the ventilation process of a ventilation shaft. Damage to the fan will directly lead to ventilation difficulties and corresponding economic losses. Existing ventilation shafts cannot adequately protect the fan from these situations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a basement ventilation shaft that is flush with the ground, which overcomes some or all of the defects of the prior art.

[0007] According to the present invention, a basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground includes a shaft body, the shaft body including a side plate and a bottom plate; the side plate and the bottom plate enclose a shaft cavity, the top opening of the shaft cavity being flush with the ground; a duct is provided at the side plate; one end of the duct is used to connect to a fan in the basement, and the other end is used to connect to a downwardly bent elbow, the lower end of the elbow being provided with a downwardly extending mounting pipe; an air outlet is formed through the mounting pipe, and a floating component is also movably provided inside the mounting pipe.

[0008] Specifically, the fan located in the basement can be used as a power source to supply or exhaust air, and the air shaft enables air circulation between the basement and the outside. The air shaft cavity in this invention is flush with the ground, which better achieves the organic integration of the air shaft with the surface landscape; however, leakage may also occur.

[0009] To address the issue of backflow prevention in wind turbines, this invention incorporates a downward-curving elbow at the duct connection, preventing rainwater from flowing into the duct after falling from the top opening, thus providing better protection.

[0010] In this invention, the installation pipe is also equipped with an air outlet, allowing the air flowing out of the duct to be discharged normally through the air outlet, thus not affecting normal ventilation. Furthermore, the installation pipe of this invention is also equipped with a floating component. Under the action of buoyancy, the floating component moves upward with the accumulated water and eventually blocks the bend to form a waterproof seal, effectively preventing rainwater from flowing back into the duct during rainy weather.

[0011] Preferably, the top opening of the ventilation shaft cavity is equipped with a steel grating, and the side plate of the ventilation shaft extends upward to the ground to form a raised curb with a height of more than 200mm; a water storage tank is recessed at the bottom plate, and a rainwater ditch or floor drain is installed on the bottom wall of the water storage tank, and a pressure drainage pipe is connected to the side wall of the water storage tank; a drainage pump is installed at the pressure drainage pipe to pump out the accumulated water flowing into the pressure drainage pipe; an inspection door is also installed at the bottom of the side plate of the ventilation shaft for personnel to enter and exit the ventilation shaft.

[0012] Preferably, two air outlets are formed through the horizontal longitudinal direction, and sliding grooves are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting pipe along the horizontal transverse direction. The cross-section of the sliding grooves is T-shaped. The floating component slides in conjunction with the sliding grooves. The lower ends of the air outlets and the sliding grooves extend to the opening of the mounting pipe and form an open opening. A stop bar that moves circumferentially along the mounting pipe is provided at the opening of the mounting pipe. The stop bar is located on one side of the air outlet, and a positioning groove for positioning and engaging with the stop bar is provided on the other side of the air outlet. A positioning seat is also provided on the outer wall of the opening of the mounting pipe, and a screw hole is provided at the positioning seat.

[0013] Preferably, the floating assembly includes a first float, with T-shaped sliding blocks on both sides of the first float in the horizontal direction, the sliding blocks being used to slide in a sliding groove; the first float has a first buoyancy portion protruding from both sides in the horizontal longitudinal direction; the first buoyancy portion is used to pass through the air outlet and extend to the outside of the mounting pipe; the interior of the first float and the first buoyancy portion are both formed with cavities, and the average density of the whole formed by the first float and the first buoyancy portion is less than the density of water.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end face of the first float is provided with an upwardly extending mounting rod, and the end of the mounting rod far from the first float is provided with a first sealing plate; the upper inner wall of the mounting tube protrudes to form a first annular surface coaxial with the first sealing plate, and the cross-section of the first annular surface is inverted conical.

[0015] Preferably, a circular first sealing surface is formed at the upper end face of the first sealing plate. The outer edge of the first sealing surface is used to abut against the side wall of the first annular surface to form a first sealing fit. When the first sealing surface abuts against the first annular surface, it forms the upper limit position of the floating component. A fourth spring is provided at the upper inner wall of the sliding groove. The extension direction of the fourth spring is consistent with the extension direction of the sliding groove. The spring is used to give the floating component located at the upper limit position a downward tendency.

[0016] Preferably, a second sealing plate is provided on the upper side of the upper end face of the first sealing plate, and the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate are coaxially arranged; a plurality of first springs are connected between the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate, and the plurality of first springs are distributed in a circumferential array relative to the axis of the second sealing plate; a circular second sealing surface is formed at the upper end face of the second sealing plate, and the outer edge of the second sealing surface is used to abut against the side wall of the first annular surface to form a second sealing fit.

[0017] Preferably, a second float is slidably disposed at the mounting rod, and the second float has two protruding sides on the horizontal longitudinal direction to form a second buoyancy part, which is used to pass through the air outlet and extend to the outside of the mounting tube; a third sealing plate is disposed on the upper part of the second float and slidably cooperates with the mounting rod, the third sealing plate is coaxially disposed with the first sealing plate, and a second annular surface in the shape of an inverted cone is also provided on the side wall of the mounting tube, the upper end surface of the third sealing plate forms a third sealing surface, and the third sealing surface is used to abut against the second annular surface to form a third sealing fit.

[0018] Preferably, a push block is provided on the upper end face of the third sealing plate, and push blocks are provided on both sides of the horizontal direction of the mounting rod. A second spring is sleeved on the push block, and the lower end of the second spring is connected to the third sealing plate.

[0019] A first mating slope is formed on the upper end face of the push block, and a first sliding groove is formed on the lower end face of the first sealing plate, which is used to slide with the push block; a second sliding groove is formed on the side wall of the first sliding groove, extending outward from the periphery of the first sealing plate, and a limiting block is provided in the second sliding groove, with a second mating slope formed on the side of the limiting block near the first sliding groove; a limiting groove is provided on the upper side wall of the mounting tube for limiting and mating with the limiting block; the second mating slope is used to abut against the first mating slope; an installation groove is formed coaxially outward at the second sliding groove, and a third spring is provided in the installation groove and sleeved on the limiting block; a limiting baffle is formed coaxially outward at the limiting block; one end of the third spring is connected to the limiting baffle, and the other end is used to abut against the stepped surface formed between the installation groove and the second sliding groove.

[0020] Preferably, a first groove extending in a horizontal longitudinal direction is formed on the upper end face of the first buoyancy part, and a second groove extending in a horizontal longitudinal direction is formed on the outer wall of the first buoyancy part on the side away from the first float; the first groove and the second groove are used to cooperate to increase the counterweight part; the counterweight part includes a counterweight block, a first protrusion for abutting and cooperating with the first groove is connected to the upper part of the counterweight block, an L-shaped connecting plate is connected between the first protrusion and the counterweight block, and a plurality of second protrusions for abutting and cooperating with the second groove are provided on the lower side wall of the counterweight block.

[0021] It includes a ventilation shaft body, which includes side plates and a bottom plate; the side plates and the bottom plate enclose a ventilation shaft cavity, the top of which is flush with the ground; a ventilation duct is provided on the side plate; one end of the ventilation duct is used to connect to a fan in the basement, and the other end is used to connect to a downward-curving elbow. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ventilation shaft body in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elbow, mounting pipe, and floating assembly in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the floating component.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting block in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 7 This is another structural diagram of a floating component;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To further understand the content of this invention, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment provides a basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground, combined with Figure 1It includes a ventilation shaft body 100, which includes a side plate 110 and a bottom plate 120. The side plate 110 and the bottom plate 120 enclose a ventilation shaft cavity 130, the top of which is flush with the ground. A duct 140 is provided at the side plate 110. One end of the duct 140 is used to connect to a fan in the basement, and the other end is used to connect to a downwardly bent elbow 150. The lower end of the elbow 150 is provided with a downwardly extending installation pipe 210. An air outlet 220 is formed through the installation pipe 210, and a floating component 240 is also movably installed inside the installation pipe 210.

[0033] Specifically, the fan located in the basement can be used as a power source to supply or exhaust air, and the air shaft enables air circulation between the basement and the outside. In this embodiment, the air shaft cavity 130 is flush with the ground, which better achieves the organic integration of the air shaft with the ground landscape; however, leakage may also occur.

[0034] To address the issue of backflow prevention in the fan, this embodiment incorporates a downward-bending elbow 150 connected to the duct 140. This prevents rainwater from flowing into the duct 140 after falling from the top opening, thus providing better protection.

[0035] In this embodiment, an air outlet 220 is provided at the installation pipe 210, allowing the air flowing out of the duct 140 to be discharged normally through the air outlet 220 at the installation pipe 210, thus not affecting normal ventilation. Furthermore, a floating component 240 is also provided inside the installation pipe 210 in this embodiment. Under the action of buoyancy, the floating component 240 moves upward with the accumulated water and eventually blocks the elbow 150 to form a waterproof seal, effectively preventing rainwater from flowing back into the duct 140.

[0036] In this embodiment, a steel grating 160 is provided at the top opening of the ventilation shaft cavity 130, and the side plate 110 of the ventilation shaft extends upward to the ground to form a raised curb 170, the height of which is more than 200mm; a water storage tank 180 is recessed at the bottom plate 120, and a rainwater ditch or floor drain is provided at the bottom wall of the water storage tank 180, and a pressure drain pipe 190 is connected to the side wall of the water storage tank 180; a drain pump 1100 is provided at the pressure drain pipe 190, and the drain pump 1100 is used to pump out the water flowing into the pressure drain pipe 190; an inspection door 1110 is also provided at the bottom of the side plate 110 of the ventilation shaft, and the inspection door 1110 is used for personnel to enter and exit the ventilation shaft.

[0037] Specifically, the steel grating 160 in this embodiment can better withstand the load; and the anti-sill 170 in this embodiment can effectively prevent rainwater from flowing into the ventilation shaft cavity 130, because the ventilation shaft cavity 130 is located below the ground and has a low elevation, making it prone to water accumulation. The anti-sill 170 can prevent water accumulation when the ground water level is not high. In addition, the drainage pump 1100 in this embodiment can also drain the water accumulated in the ventilation shaft to prevent the water from becoming too deep.

[0038] In this embodiment, two air outlets 220 are formed through the horizontal longitudinal direction, and sliding grooves 230 are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting pipe 210 in the horizontal direction. The cross-section of the sliding grooves 230 is T-shaped. The floating component 240 is slidably engaged with the sliding grooves 230. The lower ends of the air outlets 220 and the sliding grooves 230 extend to the opening of the mounting pipe 210 and form an opening. A stop bar 250 is provided at the opening of the mounting pipe 210 and moves circumferentially along the mounting pipe 210. The stop bar 250 is located on one side of the air outlet 220, and a positioning groove for positioning and engaging with the stop bar 250 is provided on the other side of the air outlet 220. A positioning seat 260 is also provided on the outer wall of the opening of the mounting pipe 210, and a screw hole 270 is provided at the positioning seat 260.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the air outlet 220 provided at the installation pipe 210 connected to the lower end of the elbow 150 allows the air flowing out through the air duct 140 to be discharged normally through the air outlet 220 at the installation pipe 210, thus not affecting normal ventilation.

[0040] Furthermore, the mounting pipe 210 in this embodiment is also provided with a floating component 240. The sliding groove 230 in the mounting pipe 210 can guide the sliding of the floating component 240. Thus, if water accumulates in the ventilation shaft, the floating component 240 can move better along the T-shaped sliding groove 230 without being swept off course by the water.

[0041] Furthermore, in the event of extreme weather with heavy rainfall, severe water accumulation may occur on the ground. Due to the low-lying terrain of the ventilation shaft and the limited height of the retaining wall 170, the water will quickly flow into the ventilation shaft. At this time, the floating component 240 will move steadily upward along the sliding groove 230 under the action of buoyancy, and will eventually be able to stably block the position of the bend 150 to form a waterproof seal, thus better preventing rainwater from flowing back into the ventilation duct 140.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the floating component 240 can be directly inserted into the mounting pipe 210 from below through the pipe opening, and after insertion, the aforementioned stop bar 250 is engaged in the positioning groove, so that the lower end of the floating component 240 can be supported on the stop bar 250 and will not fall out of the mounting pipe 210; moreover, since the mounting pipe 210 needs to play the role of air outlet and guide, and the mounting pipe 210 will be subjected to a certain impact force when air outlet and water accumulation, in this embodiment, the mounting pipe 210 can be positioned at the bottom plate 120 of the ventilation shaft by means of the screw hole 270 at the positioning seat 260 through the threaded fastener, thereby ensuring that the mounting pipe 210 can maintain a relatively stable position during ventilation and water accumulation to ensure that the guide of the floating component 240 will not deviate.

[0043] The specific structural principle of the floating component 240 floating upward and blocking at the elbow 150 is as follows:

[0044] In this embodiment, the floating component 240 includes a first float 410. T-shaped sliding blocks 420 are provided on both side walls of the first float 410 in the horizontal direction. The sliding blocks 420 are used to slide in conjunction with the sliding groove 230. A first buoyancy portion 430 is formed by protruding from both sides of the first float 410 in the horizontal direction. The first buoyancy portion 430 is used to pass through the air outlet 220 and extend to the outside of the mounting pipe 210. A cavity is formed inside the first float 410 and the first buoyancy portion 430. The average density of the whole formed by the first float 410 and the first buoyancy portion 430 is less than the density of water.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first float 410 and the first buoyancy part 430 can work together as a floating object, so that they can be subjected to an upward buoyancy in the water to drive the entire floating assembly 240 to move upward and eventually block the bend 150. In this embodiment, the T-shaped sliding block 420 can better play the role of guiding and limiting.

[0046] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 4 The upper end face of the first float 410 is provided with an upwardly extending mounting rod 440, and the end of the mounting rod 440 far from the first float 410 is provided with a first sealing plate 450; combined with Figure 5 The upper inner wall of the mounting tube 210 protrudes to form a first annular surface 510 coaxial with the first sealing plate 450, and the cross section of the first annular surface 510 is inverted conical.

[0047] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5A circular first sealing surface is formed at the upper end face of the first sealing plate 450. The outer edge of the first sealing surface is used to abut against the side wall of the first annular surface 510 to form a first sealing fit. When the first sealing surface abuts against the first annular surface 510, the upper limit position of the floating component 240 is formed. A fourth spring is provided at the upper inner wall of the sliding groove 230. The extension direction of the fourth spring is consistent with the extension direction of the sliding groove 230. The spring is used to give the floating component 240 located at the upper limit position a downward tendency.

[0048] Specifically, under the buoyancy of the first float 410 and the first floating part, the entire buoyancy assembly slides upward along the sliding groove 230 and rises with the depth of the accumulated water. When the depth of the accumulated water continues to rise, the first sealing plate 450 in the floating assembly 240 moves upward until it abuts against the first annular surface 510 on the inner wall of the mounting pipe 210. Abutment seal is formed between the first sealing surface at the first sealing plate 450 and the inverted conical first annular surface 510, which better prevents the accumulated water from flowing back into the air duct 140. At this time, the floating assembly 240 reaches the upper limit and will not continue to rise.

[0049] If the water level continues to rise, since the entire floating assembly 240 has stopped rising, but the water displacement of the entire floating assembly 240 is still increasing, the buoyancy of the whole assembly is also increasing. As a result, under the action of buoyancy, the first sealing plate 450 will continue to press against the first annular surface 510, thereby better ensuring that the seal formed between the two will not fail.

[0050] Furthermore, the fourth spring located at the sliding groove 230 will also be squeezed by the sliding block 420 due to the rise of the floating component 240. The function of the fourth spring is as follows: when water accumulates, the first sealing surface and the first annular surface 510 will continue to press against each other under the action of buoyancy. When the water recedes, the first sealing surface and the first annular surface 510 may stick together and will not fall naturally by the weight of the floating component 240 alone. This will continue to seal the elbow 150 and directly affect the normal operation of subsequent ventilation. The fourth spring can maintain the tendency to drive the sliding block 420 to move downward. After the water recedes, the fourth spring can push the sliding block 420 downward and then drive the entire floating component 240 downward to release the seal. Therefore, after the water recedes, the ventilation can continue to operate normally.

[0051] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5A second sealing plate 460 is provided on the upper side of the upper end face of the first sealing plate 450, and the first sealing plate 450 and the second sealing plate 460 are coaxially arranged; a plurality of first springs 520 are connected between the first sealing plate 450 and the second sealing plate 460, and the plurality of first springs 520 are arranged in a circumferential array relative to the axis of the second sealing plate 460. A circular second sealing surface is formed at the upper end face of the second sealing plate 460, and the outer edge of the second sealing surface is used to abut against the side wall of the first annular surface 510 to form a second sealing fit.

[0052] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, this embodiment also includes a second sealing plate 460, and the specific working process is as follows:

[0053] As the floating component 240 rises with the accumulated water, the second sealing surface of the second sealing plate 460 first abuts against the inverted conical first annular surface 510 and forms a second sealing fit; then, if the accumulated water continues to rise, the buoyancy increases, the first spring 520 between the first sealing plate 450 and the second sealing plate 460 is compressed, and the first sealing plate 450 continues to rise until the first sealing surface also abuts against the first annular surface 510 and forms a first sealing fit.

[0054] Understandably, the first sealing fit and the second sealing fit in this embodiment can form two layers of sealing protection, which better improves the stability of the seal and prevents water backflow. In addition, the first spring 520 in this embodiment can also play the role of energy storage. After the water recedes, the first spring 520 will return to its original state to generate a tendency to drive the floating component 240 to move downward to release the seal, thereby ensuring that the ventilation work can be restored to normal after the water recedes.

[0055] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 4 A second float 470 is slidably disposed at the mounting rod 440. The second float 470 has two protruding sides on its horizontal longitudinal direction forming second buoyancy portions 480, which are used to pass through the air outlet 220 and extend to the outside of the mounting pipe 210. A third sealing plate 490 is disposed on the upper part of the second float 470, which slidably engages with the mounting rod 440. The third sealing plate 490 is coaxially disposed with the first sealing plate 450, and... Figure 3 and Figure 5 The side wall of the mounting tube 210 is also provided with a second annular surface 530 in the shape of an inverted cone. The upper end surface of the third sealing plate 490 forms a third sealing surface, which is used to abut against the second annular surface 530 to form a third sealing fit.

[0056] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, this embodiment also includes a second float 470. After the first float 410 has reached its upper limit and is blocked, if the water level rises, it can be understood that the water level has reached a very dangerous level. If the water level rises further, it may backflow into the air duct 140.

[0057] At this time, the second float 470 in this embodiment moves upward under the action of buoyancy with the mounting rod 440 as a guide rail. During the upward movement, the third sealing plate 490 at the second float 470 moves upward and abuts against the second annular surface 530, thereby forming a third layer of seal. This, together with the aforementioned first and second sealing fits, serves as a triple layer of protection. As long as one layer of protection does not fail, a seal can be achieved, thereby preventing water from flowing back into the duct 140 to protect the fan.

[0058] The reason for using a multi-layered sealing system in this embodiment is that when there is severe water accumulation in the ventilation shaft due to heavy rainfall in a short period of time, workers cannot enter the ventilation shaft due to safety factors, making it difficult to operate and maintain manually. Furthermore, it is difficult and costly to use electrical components for control in water accumulation.

[0059] In addition, sensors can be installed on the second float 470 in this embodiment. When the second float 470 begins to float, an alarm is triggered and maintenance personnel are notified to handle the fan if possible, disconnect all lines and remove the fan to avoid greater serious losses.

[0060] Therefore, the floating component 240 in this embodiment can automatically seal and block the air duct 140 to prevent water from entering when water accumulates, and release the seal in time after the water recedes (by being pumped out by the drainage pump 1100).

[0061] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 4 A push block 4100 is provided on the upper end face of the third sealing plate 490, and push blocks 4100 are provided on both sides of the horizontal direction of the mounting rod 440. A second spring 4110 is sleeved on the push block 4100, and the lower end of the second spring 4110 is connected to the third sealing plate 490.

[0062] Combination Figure 5 A first mating slope 540 is formed at the upper end face of the push block 4100, and a first sliding groove 550 is formed at the lower end face of the first sealing plate 450 extending upwards. The first sliding groove 550 is used for sliding engagement with the push block 4100. A second sliding groove 560 is formed on the side wall of the first sliding groove 550, extending outwards around the first sealing plate 450. A limiting block 570 is provided in the second sliding groove 560, and a second mating slope 571 is formed on the side of the limiting block 570 near the first sliding groove 550. A limiting groove 580 is provided on the upper side wall of the mounting tube 210 for limiting engagement with the limiting block 570. The second mating slope 571 is used for abutting engagement with the first mating slope 540. An mounting groove 590 is formed coaxially outwards at the second sliding groove 560. Figure 5 and Figure 6The mounting groove 590 is provided with a third spring 610 sleeved on the limiting block 570. A limiting baffle 620 is formed coaxially outward at the limiting block 570. One end of the third spring 610 is connected to the limiting baffle 620, and the other end is used to abut against the stepped surface formed between the mounting groove 590 and the second sliding groove 560.

[0063] Specifically, when the second float 470 floats upward, it can also push the push block 4100 to move, and through the cooperation between the first mating inclined surface 540 and the second mating inclined surface 571, the limiting block 570 slides out from the second sliding groove 560 into the limiting groove 580 at the side wall of the mounting tube 210, thereby positioning the first sealing plate 450 in the circumferential direction through the limiting block 570; the axial positioning of the first sealing plate 450 is achieved by buoyancy, so the first sealing plate 450 can stably abut against the first annular surface 510 in the accumulated water to perform sealing, and the entire floating assembly 240 can also maintain a stable positioning connection with the mounting tube 210 to ensure effective sealing.

[0064] After the water recedes, the limit block 570 and push block 4100 will automatically reset under the action of the second spring 4110 and the third spring 610, without affecting the normal descent of the floating component 240.

[0065] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 7 A first groove 710 extending horizontally is formed on the upper end face of the first buoyancy part 430, and a second groove 720 extending horizontally is formed on the outer wall of the first buoyancy part 430 on the side away from the first float 410. The first groove 710 and the second groove 720 are used to cooperate to increase the counterweight part. The counterweight part includes a counterweight block 730. A first protrusion 740 for abutting and cooperating with the first groove 710 is connected to the upper part of the counterweight block 730. An L-shaped connecting plate 750 is connected between the first protrusion 740 and the counterweight block 730. A plurality of second protrusions 760 for abutting and cooperating with the second groove 720 are provided on the lower side wall of the counterweight block 730.

[0066] Specifically, the counterweight can adjust the displacement of the floating assembly 240 according to actual needs to control the buoyancy of the entire floating assembly 240, thereby ensuring that the buoyancy and the force between the aforementioned springs are compatible.

[0067] It is readily understood that those skilled in the art can combine, split, or reorganize the embodiments provided in this application to obtain other embodiments, all of which do not exceed the protection scope of this application.

[0068] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the embodiments shown are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. The actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground, characterized in that, Includes a ventilation shaft body (100), which includes a side plate (110) and a bottom plate (120); the side plate (110) and the bottom plate (120) enclose a ventilation shaft cavity (130), and the top opening of the ventilation shaft cavity (130) is flush with the ground; A duct (140) is provided at the side panel (110); one end of the duct (140) is used to connect to the fan in the basement, and the other end is used to connect to the downward-bending elbow (150). The lower end of the elbow (150) is provided with a downward-extending installation pipe (210); an air outlet (220) is formed through the installation pipe (210), and a floating component (240) is also movably installed inside the installation pipe (210). Two air outlets (220) are formed through the horizontal longitudinal direction, and sliding grooves (230) are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the mounting pipe (210) along the horizontal transverse direction. The cross section of the sliding groove (230) is T-shaped. The floating component (240) is in sliding fit with the sliding groove (230). The floating assembly (240) includes a first float (410), and T-shaped sliding blocks (420) are provided on both sides of the first float (410) in the horizontal direction. The sliding blocks (420) are used to slide with the sliding groove (230). The first float (410) has a first buoyancy part (430) protruding on both sides in the horizontal direction. The first buoyancy part (430) is used to pass through the air outlet (220) and extend to the outside of the mounting pipe (210). The interior of the first float (410) and the first buoyancy part (430) are both formed with cavities. The average density of the whole formed by the first float (410) and the first buoyancy part (430) is less than the density of water.

2. The basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A steel grating (160) is provided at the top opening of the ventilation shaft cavity (130). The side plate (110) of the ventilation shaft extends upward to the ground and forms a sill (170). The height of the sill (170) is more than 200mm. A water storage tank (180) is formed by a recess at the bottom plate (120). A rainwater ditch or floor drain is provided at the bottom wall of the water storage tank (180). A pressure drain pipe (190) is connected to the side wall of the water storage tank (180). A drain pump (1100) is provided at the pressure drain pipe (190). The drain pump (1100) is used to pump out the water flowing into the pressure drain pipe (190). An inspection door (1110) is also provided at the bottom of the side plate (110) of the ventilation shaft. The inspection door (1110) is used for personnel to enter and exit the ventilation shaft.

3. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the air outlet (220) and the sliding groove (230) extend to the opening of the mounting tube (210) and form an opening; the opening of the mounting tube (210) is provided with a stop bar (250) that moves around the circumference of the mounting tube (210), the stop bar (250) is located on one side of the air outlet (220), and the other side of the air outlet (220) is provided with a positioning groove for positioning and cooperating with the stop bar (250); the outer wall of the opening of the mounting tube (210) is also provided with a positioning seat (260), and the positioning seat (260) is provided with a screw hole (270).

4. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An upwardly extending mounting rod (440) is provided on the upper end face of the first float (410), and a first sealing plate (450) is provided at one end of the mounting rod (440) far from the first float (410); a first annular surface (510) is formed on the upper inner wall of the mounting tube (210) and is coaxial with the first sealing plate (450), and the cross section of the first annular surface (510) is inverted cone shape.

5. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A circular first sealing surface is formed at the upper end face of the first sealing plate (450). The outer edge of the first sealing surface is used to abut against the side wall of the first annular surface (510) to form a first sealing fit. When the first sealing surface abuts against the first annular surface (510), it forms the upper limit position of the floating component (240). A fourth spring is provided at the upper inner wall of the sliding groove (230). The extension direction of the fourth spring is consistent with the extension direction of the sliding groove (230). The spring is used to give the floating component (240) located at the upper limit position a downward tendency.

6. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A second sealing plate (460) is provided on the upper side of the upper end face of the first sealing plate (450). The first sealing plate (450) and the second sealing plate (460) are coaxially arranged. A plurality of first springs (520) are connected between the first sealing plate (450) and the second sealing plate (460). The plurality of first springs (520) are arranged in a circumferential array relative to the axis of the second sealing plate (460). A circular second sealing surface is formed at the upper end face of the second sealing plate (460). The outer edge of the second sealing surface is used to abut against the side wall of the first annular surface (510) to form a second sealing fit.

7. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A second float (470) is slidably provided at the mounting rod (440). The second float (470) has two protruding sides in the horizontal longitudinal direction to form a second buoyancy part (480). The second buoyancy part (480) is used to pass through the air outlet (220) and extend to the outside of the mounting tube (210). The upper part of the second float (470) is provided with a third sealing plate (490) that slides with the mounting rod (440). The third sealing plate (490) is coaxially arranged with the first sealing plate (450). The side wall of the mounting tube (210) is also provided with a second annular surface (530) in the shape of an inverted cone. The upper end surface of the third sealing plate (490) forms a third sealing surface, which is used to abut against the second annular surface (530) to form a third sealing fit.

8. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A push block (4100) is provided on the upper end face of the third sealing plate (490), and push blocks (4100) are provided on both sides of the horizontal transverse direction of the mounting rod (440). A second spring (4110) is sleeved on the push block (4100), and the lower end of the second spring (4110) is connected to the third sealing plate (490). A first mating slope (540) is formed on the upper end face of the push block (4100), and a first sliding groove (550) is formed on the lower end face of the first sealing plate (450). The first sliding groove (550) is used to slide with the push block (4100). A second sliding groove (560) is formed on the side wall of the first sliding groove (550) and extends outward from the periphery of the first sealing plate (450). A limiting block (570) is provided in the second sliding groove (560), and a second mating slope (571) is formed on the side of the limiting block (570) near the first sliding groove (550). The upper side wall of the mounting tube (210) is provided with a limiting groove (580) for limiting and cooperating with the limiting block (570); the second mating inclined surface (571) is used to abut against the first mating inclined surface (540); a mounting groove (590) is formed coaxially outward at the second sliding groove (560), and a third spring (610) is provided in the mounting groove (590) and sleeved on the limiting block (570); a limiting baffle (620) is formed coaxially outward at the limiting block (570); one end of the third spring (610) is connected to the limiting baffle (620), and the other end is used to abut against the stepped surface formed between the mounting groove (590) and the second sliding groove (560).

9. A basement ventilation shaft flush with the ground as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A first groove (710) extending in a horizontal longitudinal direction is formed on the upper end face of the first buoyancy part (430), and a second groove (720) extending in a horizontal longitudinal direction is formed on the outer wall of the first buoyancy part (430) on the side away from the first float (410); the first groove (710) and the second groove (720) are used to cooperate to increase the counterweight part; the counterweight part includes a counterweight block (730), and a first protrusion (740) for abutting and cooperating with the first groove (710) is connected to the upper part of the counterweight block (730). An L-shaped connecting plate (750) is connected between the first protrusion (740) and the counterweight block (730), and a plurality of second protrusions (760) for abutting and cooperating with the second groove (720) are provided on the lower side wall of the counterweight block (730).

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