Superconducting quantum computer motherboard

Abstract

The application discloses a superconducting quantum computer mainboard, which integrates a control multiplexer, a quantum amplifier and a superconducting quantum processor on the same circuit board, provides a novel channel multiplexing mode for controlling and reading out quantum bits, greatly reduces the number of microwave lines, realizes control and reading out of more quantum bits, and is beneficial to large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of quantum computing, and particularly relates to a superconducting quantum computer mainboard. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a superconducting quantum computer, one microwave line carries one signal and is directly connected to a quantum processor port in one-to-one correspondence. With the increase in the number of quantum bits, the number of required microwave lines also increases, which causes a large refrigeration burden on the dilution refrigerator and is not conducive to the large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a superconducting quantum computer mainboard, which can greatly reduce the number of microwave lines while controlling and reading out more quantum bits, and is conducive to the large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer.

[0004] The present application provides a superconducting quantum computer mainboard, which can greatly reduce the number of microwave lines while controlling and reading out more quantum bits, and is conducive to the large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer.

[0005] The superconducting quantum processor is used for processing quantum information, and is provided with a preset number of control lines and a second preset number of readout lines.

[0006] The control multiplexer is connected to the superconducting quantum processor through the control lines and is used for multiplexing control channels.

[0007] The quantum amplifier is connected to the superconducting quantum processor through the readout lines and is used for reading out and amplifying quantum information generated by the quantum processor.

[0008] The microwave connector is connected to the control multiplexer and the readout amplifier through a transmission line and is used for providing a microwave interface to realize signal transmission and reception to other temperature zones.

[0009] In an exemplary example, the superconducting quantum processor is a chip-level device; the preset number of control lines includes a first preset number of XY control lines and a second preset number of Z control lines.

[0010] The XY control line is a control line required for rotating the state of a quantum bit on a Bloch sphere around an X axis or a Y axis.

[0011] The Z control line is a control line required for rotating the state of a quantum bit on a Bloch sphere around a Z axis.

[0012] In an example, the at least two control multiplexers include at least one XY control multiplexer and at least one Z control multiplexer; and the microwave connectors are connected to the XY control multiplexer and the Z control multiplexer through transmission lines.

[0013] The XY control multiplexer is a chip-level device connected to the superconducting quantum processor through the XY control lines for multiplexing XY control channels.

[0014] The Z control multiplexer is a chip-level device connected to the superconducting quantum processor through the Z control lines for multiplexing Z control channels.

[0015] In an example, the control multiplexer includes two or more filters, two or more isolators, two or more capacitors, and two bias line circuits integrated on a chip.

[0016] The filter is configured to filter input signals of different frequencies from a microwave control line and divide the input signals into different channels.

[0017] The isolator is configured to convert and output signals from the filter. The isolator is a two-port device, in which the two ports are impedance-matched to loads and are respectively connected to resistors of predetermined resistance values. One port is an input port, and the other port is an output port.

[0018] The capacitor is disposed in the isolator. The center frequency of the isolator can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor.

[0019] The bias line circuit is configured to adjust the bias magnetic field in which the isolator is located.

[0020] In an example, the quantum amplifier is a non-reciprocal on-chip quantum amplifier, which includes one or more circulators and one or more quantum amplifiers integrated on a chip.

[0021] The circulator is a multi-port on-chip superconducting circulator, in which one input port is configured to input quantum information or connect to an output port of an adjacent circulator; one output port is configured to connect to an input port of an adjacent circulator or output amplified quantum information; and the remaining ports include at least two ports configured to connect to loads.

[0022] The loads include non-reciprocal quantum amplifiers, reciprocal quantum amplifiers, or resistors of predetermined resistance values, and at least one load is a non-reciprocal quantum amplifier or a reciprocal quantum amplifier.

[0023] In an example, the quantum amplifier is an on-chip quantum amplifier with strong isolation, comprising: one or more circulators, two or more isolators, one or more quantum amplifiers integrated on a chip, wherein,

[0024] The circulator is a multi-port on-chip superconducting circulator, wherein one input port is used for inputting quantum information or connecting with the output port of an adjacent circulator; one output port is used for connecting with the input port of an adjacent circulator or outputting amplified quantum information; and the remaining ports include at least two ports for connecting loads;

[0025] The isolator is a two-port device, wherein one port is used for cascading circulators or isolators, one port is used as an input / output port of the on-chip quantum amplifier or for cascading isolators or circulators, and the isolator is used for converting and outputting input signals;

[0026] The load includes a non-reflection type quantum amplifier, a reflection type quantum amplifier, or a resistance with a preset resistance value, and at least one load is a non-reflection type quantum amplifier or a reflection type quantum amplifier.

[0027] In an example, the microwave connector is a coaxial connector.

[0028] In an example, the microwave connector and the XY control multiplexer are directly connected by any of the following: printed circuit board (PCB) wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, stripline, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, and through-silicon via (TSV).

[0029] The microwave connector and the Z control multiplexer are directly connected by any of the following: printed circuit board (PCB) wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, stripline, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, and through-silicon via (TSV).

[0030] The microwave connector and the quantum amplifier are directly connected by any of the following: printed circuit board (PCB) wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, stripline, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, and through-silicon via (TSV).

[0031] The XY control multiplexer and the superconducting quantum processor are directly connected by any of the following: printed circuit board (PCB) wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, stripline, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, and through-silicon via (TSV).

[0032] The Z control multiplexer and the superconducting quantum processor are directly connected by any of the following: printed circuit board (PCB) wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, stripline, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, and through-silicon via (TSV).

[0033] The quantum amplification module and the superconducting quantum processor are directly connected by any of printed circuit board (PCB) wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, stripline, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, and through-silicon via (TSV).

[0034] In an exemplary instance, the pads of the microwave connector and the pads of the XY control multiplexer are connected by a stripline between a via and a ground layer;

[0035] The pads of the microwave connector and the pads of the Z control multiplexer are connected by a stripline between a via and a ground layer;

[0036] The pads of the microwave connector and the pads of the quantum amplifier are connected by a stripline between a via and a ground layer;

[0037] The pads of the XY control multiplexer and the pads of the superconducting quantum processor are connected by a stripline between a via and a ground layer;

[0038] The pads of the Z control multiplexer and the pads of the superconducting quantum processor are connected by a stripline between a via and a ground layer;

[0039] The pads of the quantum amplifier and the pads of the superconducting quantum processor are connected by a stripline between a via and a ground layer.

[0040] In an exemplary instance, the XY control multiplexer, the Z control multiplexer, the quantum amplifier, the microwave connector, and the superconducting quantum processor are integrated on the same circuit board and in the same temperature zone.

[0041] The superconducting quantum computer motherboard provided by the embodiment of the present application integrates the control multiplexer, the quantum amplifier, and the superconducting quantum processor on the same circuit board, provides a new channel multiplexing mode for controlling and reading out quantum bits, greatly reduces the number of microwave lines, and also realizes the control and reading out of more quantum bits, which is conducive to the large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer. In the embodiment of the present application, the superconducting quantum computer motherboard is in the same temperature zone (mK), which improves the utilization rate of the microwave line, saves the internal space of the dilution refrigerator occupied by the discrete device, reduces the power consumption of the overall circuit, and is very conducive to the large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application will be realized and achieved by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the technical solutions of the present application and form a part of the specification, and are used to explain the technical solutions of the present application together with the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations to the technical solutions of the present application.

[0044] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a superconducting quantum computer mainboard in an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a superconducting quantum control multiplexer microwave device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a quantum amplifier in an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] FIG. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of another quantum amplifier in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of still another quantum amplifier in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a superconducting quantum computer mainboard in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be explained that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other at will.

[0051] If a superconducting quantum computer mainboard can be designed so that the entire superconducting quantum computer mainboard is in the same temperature zone (mK level), on the one hand, the number of microwave lines required can be greatly reduced, and on the other hand, more qubits can be controlled and read out under the condition that the number of microwave lines connected to the dilution refrigerator is the same, thereby being beneficial to the large-scale development of superconducting quantum computers.

[0052] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a superconducting quantum computer mainboard in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the figure, the superconducting quantum computer mainboard comprises: a superconducting quantum processor, at least two control multiplexers, at least one quantum amplifier, and at least one microwave connector; wherein, Figure 1

[0053] The superconducting quantum processor is used for processing quantum information, and is provided with a preset number of control lines (such as a certain transmission line) and a second preset number of readout lines (such as a certain transmission line).

[0054] ​The control multiplexer is connected with the superconducting quantum processor through a control line and is used for multiplexing a control channel.

[0055] The quantum amplifier is connected with the superconducting quantum processor through a readout line and is used for reading out and amplifying quantum information generated by the superconducting quantum processor.

[0056] The microwave connector is connected with the control multiplexer and the readout amplifier through a transmission line and is used for providing a microwave interface to realize signal transceiving to other temperature zones.

[0057] In the superconducting quantum computer mainboard provided in the embodiment of the application, the XY control multiplexer, the Z control multiplexer, the quantum amplifier, the microwave connector and the superconducting quantum processor are integrated on the same circuit board and are in the same temperature zone.

[0058] The superconducting quantum computer mainboard provided in the embodiment of the application integrates the control multiplexer, the quantum amplifier and the superconducting quantum processor on the same circuit board, provides a new channel multiplexing mode for controlling and reading out quantum bits, greatly reduces the number of microwave lines, realizes control and reading out of more quantum bits, and is conducive to the large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer. In the embodiment of the application, the superconducting quantum computer mainboard is in the same temperature zone (mK), which improves the utilization rate of the microwave line, saves the internal space of the dilution refrigerator occupied by the discrete device, reduces the power consumption of the overall circuit, and is very conducive to the large-scale development of the superconducting quantum computer.

[0059] In an exemplary example, the superconducting quantum processor is a superconducting integrated circuit, which has various architectures for different applications, such as a surface code architecture, a bus coupling architecture, etc. In an embodiment, the superconducting quantum processor is a chip-level device, which can be a quantum computing chip.

[0060] In an exemplary example, the preset number of control lines can be a certain transmission line, including a first preset number of XY control lines and a second preset number of Z control lines. The XY control line is a control line required for an operation of rotating the state of a quantum bit on a Bloch sphere around an X axis or a Y axis; and the Z control line is a control line required for an operation of rotating the state of a quantum bit on a Bloch sphere around a Z axis. In an embodiment, the at least two control multiplexers include at least one XY control multiplexer and at least one Z control multiplexer. The XY control multiplexer is a chip-level device, which is connected with the superconducting quantum processor through the XY control line and is used for multiplexing an XY control channel; and the Z control multiplexer is a chip-level device, which is connected with the superconducting quantum processor through the Z control line and is used for multiplexing a Z control channel. Correspondingly, the microwave connector is connected with the XY control multiplexer, the Z control multiplexer and the readout amplifier through a transmission line (such as a strip line) and is used for providing a microwave interface to realize signal transceiving to other temperature zones.

[0061] In an example, as shown in Figure 2 The control multiplexer is a chip-level device, such as a superconducting quantum control multiplexing microwave device, which can include two or more filters (such as a first filter, a second filter, …, an Nth filter in Figure 2 , N is greater than or equal to 2), two or more isolators (such as a first isolator, a second isolator, …, an Nth isolator in Figure 2 ), two or more capacitors (such as a first capacitor, a second capacitor, …, an Nth capacitor in Figure 2 ), and two bias line circuits; wherein,

[0062] The filter is used to filter input signals of different frequencies from a microwave control line and divide the input signals into different channels.

[0063] The isolator is used to convert and output signals (such as a first output signal, a second output signal, …, an Nth output signal in Figure 2 ) from the filter. The isolator is a two-port device, wherein the two ports are impedance-matched to a load and are respectively connected to resistors of a preset resistance. In an embodiment, the isolator can be regarded as a four-port on-chip superconducting circulator with the two ports connected to the resistors of the preset resistance.

[0064] The capacitor is arranged in the isolator. By adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor, the center operating frequency of the isolator can be adjusted.

[0065] The bias line circuit is used to adjust the bias magnetic field in which the isolator is located.

[0066] The superconducting quantum control multiplexing microwave device provided in the embodiments of the present application has multiple frequencies in one microwave control line. Different frequency signals are separated by the filters, so that one microwave control line controls multiple quantum bits, that is, multiplexing of one microwave control line is realized. It should be noted that Figure 2 The superconducting quantum control multiplexing microwave device shown in the figure is only one implementation manner and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. As long as the control multiplexer is a chip-level device, it is applicable to the implementation of the superconducting quantum computer mainboard of the present application.

[0067] In an example, as shown in FIG. 3(a) and FIG. 3(b), the quantum amplifier can be an on-chip quantum amplifier with non-reciprocity (such as a reflection-type quantum amplifier or a non-reflection-type quantum amplifier, which is only taken as an example in the present embodiment), which includes one or more circulators and one or more quantum amplifiers integrated on one chip; wherein,

[0068] The circulator is a multi-port on-chip superconducting circulator, wherein one input port is used to input quantum information or connect to the output port of an adjacent circulator; one output port is used to connect to the input port of an adjacent circulator or output amplified quantum information; the remaining ports include at least two for connecting loads;

[0069] The load includes a non-reflective quantum amplifier, a reflective quantum amplifier, or a resistor with a preset resistance value, and at least one load is a non-reflective quantum amplifier or a reflective quantum amplifier.

[0070] The on-chip quantum amplifier (QA) shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b) is a two-port device. The input port of the first circulator is the input port of the QA, and the output port of the last circulator is the output port of the QA. The on-chip quantum amplifiers shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b) are non-reciprocal, non-reflective on-chip quantum amplifiers with isolation and amplification functions. They are small in size, have low dissipation, and are non-reciprocal. In this embodiment, the on-chip quantum amplifier isolates the input and output signals, preventing signal reflection from interfering with the quantum chip. The on-chip quantum amplifier in this embodiment can be integrated with superconducting circuits, which is highly beneficial for the large-scale development of superconducting quantum computers. It should be noted that the quantum amplifiers shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b) are only one implementation method and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any chip-level quantum amplifier is applicable to the implementation of the superconducting quantum computer motherboard of this application.

[0071] In one exemplary instance, such as Figure 4 As shown, the quantum amplifier can be an on-chip quantum amplifier with strong isolation (such as a reflective quantum amplifier or a non-reflective quantum amplifier), including: one or more circulators, two or more isolators, and one or more quantum amplifiers integrated on a single chip; wherein,

[0072] The circulator is a multi-port on-chip superconducting circulator, wherein one input port is used to input quantum information or connect to the output port of an adjacent circulator; one output port is used to connect to the input port of an adjacent circulator or output amplified quantum information; the remaining ports include at least two for connecting loads;

[0073] An isolator is a two-port device, one port of which is used to cascade a circulator or isolator, and the other port is used as an input / output port of an on-chip quantum amplifier or to cascade an isolator or circulator. The isolator is used to convert the input signal to the output.

[0074] The load includes a non-reflection type quantum amplifier, a reflection type quantum amplifier, or a resistance with a preset resistance value, and at least one of the load is the non-reflection type quantum amplifier or the reflection type quantum amplifier.

[0075] Figure 4 The on-chip quantum amplifier shown is a two-port on-chip device with strong isolation function, loop function and amplification function, small volume, low dissipation and non-reciprocity. The on-chip quantum amplifier with strong isolation function in the embodiment not only increases the gain bandwidth product of the amplifier, but also has strong isolation function, and can replace HEMT, greatly reducing the cost of superconducting quantum computer and its test system. The on-chip quantum amplifier with strong isolation function in the embodiment can be directly connected with the quantum chip, protecting the quantum chip from the interference of the subsequent circuit. Based on the on-chip quantum amplifier with strong isolation function in the embodiment, it is conducive to the large-scale development of superconducting quantum computer. It should be noted that, Figure 4 The quantum amplifier shown is only one implementation, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the application. As long as it is a chip-level quantum amplifier, it is applicable to the implementation of the superconducting quantum computer mainboard of the application.

[0076] In an exemplary example, the microwave connector can be a coaxial connector.

[0077] In an exemplary example, the microwave connector and the XY control multiplexer can be directly connected with each other, and the connection mode can include but is not limited to, for example, printed circuit board (PCB) wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, strip line, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, or through silicon via (TSV), etc.

[0078] In an exemplary example, the microwave connector and the Z control multiplexer can be directly connected with each other, and the connection mode can include but is not limited to, for example, PCB wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, strip line, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, or TSV, etc.

[0079] In an exemplary example, the microwave connector and the quantum amplifier can be directly connected with each other, and the connection mode can include but is not limited to, for example, PCB wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, strip line, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, or TSV, etc.

[0080] In an exemplary example, the XY control multiplexer and the superconducting quantum processor can be directly connected with each other, and the connection mode can include but is not limited to, for example, PCB wiring, coplanar waveguide, microstrip line, strip line, coaxial line, flip-chip, slot line, or TSV, etc.

[0081] In one exemplary instance, the Z-controlled multiplexer and the superconducting quantum processor can be directly interconnected, and the connection method may include, but is not limited to, PCB traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, or TSVs.

[0082] In one exemplary instance, the quantum amplification module and the superconducting quantum processor can be directly interconnected, and the connection method may include, but is not limited to, PCB traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, or TSVs.

[0083] In one exemplary instance, the pads of the microwave connector and the pads of the XY control multiplexer can be connected via a stripline between a via and a ground plane (such as copper foil or aluminum foil).

[0084] In one exemplary instance, the pads of the microwave connector are connected to the pads of the Z-control multiplexer via a stripline between a via and a ground plane (such as copper foil or aluminum foil).

[0085] In one exemplary instance, the pads of the microwave connector are connected to the pads of the quantum amplifier via a stripline between a via and a ground plane (such as copper foil or aluminum foil).

[0086] In one exemplary instance, the pads of the XY control multiplexer are connected to the pads of the superconducting quantum processor via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper foil or aluminum foil).

[0087] In one exemplary instance, the pads of the Z-control multiplexer are connected to the pads of the superconducting quantum processor via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper foil or aluminum foil).

[0088] In one exemplary instance, the pads of the quantum amplifier are connected to the pads of the superconducting quantum processor via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper foil or aluminum foil).

[0089] This application integrates a superconducting quantum processor, a control multiplexer, a quantum amplifier, and a microwave connector onto the same circuit board, providing a novel channel multiplexing method for controlling and reading out qubits. Compared to the traditional method of directly connecting microwave lines one-to-one to the quantum processor port, this method achieves the goal of controlling and reading out more qubits while maintaining the same number of microwave lines supplied to the dilution cooler. The entire superconducting quantum computer motherboard is located in the same temperature range (mK), improving the utilization rate of microwave lines, saving the internal space of the dilution cooler occupied by discrete devices, reducing the power consumption of the overall circuit, and facilitating the large-scale development of superconducting quantum computers.

[0090] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a superconducting quantum computer motherboard embodiment according to this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the XY control multiplexing module (XY control multiplexer), the Z control multiplexing module (Z control multiplexer), the readout amplification module (quantum amplifier), and the superconducting quantum processor are integrated on the same printed circuit board (PCB) and are located in the same temperature range (mK level). Figure 5 As shown, the chip pads are connected to the PCB pads via wire bonding (such as aluminum wire). The PCB pads can be connected to each other via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper or aluminum foil), thus enabling layered routing within the PCB. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the microwave connector pads are connected to the XY control multiplexing module pads via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper or aluminum foil); the microwave connector pads are connected to the Z control multiplexing module pads via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper or aluminum foil); the microwave connector pads are connected to the readout amplification module pads via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper or aluminum foil); the XY control multiplexing module pads are connected to the superconducting quantum processor pads via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper or aluminum foil); the Z control multiplexing module pads are connected to the superconducting quantum processor pads via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper or aluminum foil); and the readout amplification module pads are connected to the superconducting quantum processor pads via vias and striplines between ground planes (such as copper or aluminum foil). The microwave connector is a coaxial connector used for transmitting and receiving signals to other temperature ranges. The superconducting quantum processor in this embodiment is a superconducting integrated circuit capable of processing quantum information, containing a sufficient number of Xmon superconducting qubits, and has various architectures for different applications.

[0091] Although the embodiments disclosed in this application are as described above, the content described is merely for the purpose of understanding this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this application; however, the scope of patent protection of this application shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A superconducting quantum computer motherboard, comprising: A superconducting quantum processor, at least two control multiplexers, at least one quantum amplifier, and at least one microwave connector; The superconducting quantum processor, control multiplexer, quantum amplifier, and microwave connector are integrated on the same circuit board and are located in the same mK temperature range; among them, The superconducting quantum processor is used to process quantum information and is equipped with a preset number of control lines and a second preset number of readout lines. A control multiplexer, connected to a superconducting quantum processor via a control line, is used to multiplex the control channel; A quantum amplifier, connected to a superconducting quantum processor via a readout line, is used to read out and amplify the quantum information generated by the quantum processor. Microwave connectors connect to control multiplexers and readout amplifiers via transmission lines, providing a microwave interface for transmitting and receiving signals to other temperature zones.

2. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to claim 1, wherein, The superconducting quantum processor is a chip-level device; the preset number of control lines includes: a first preset number of XY control lines and a second preset number of Z control lines; The XY control lines are the control lines required for rotating the state of a qubit around the X-axis or Y-axis on the Bloch sphere. The Z-control line is the control line required for rotating the state of a qubit around the Z-axis on the Bloch sphere.

3. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to claim 2, wherein, The at least two control multiplexers include at least one XY control multiplexer and at least one Z control multiplexer; correspondingly, the microwave connector is connected to the XY control multiplexer and the Z control multiplexer via a transmission line. The XY control multiplexer is a chip-level device that is connected to the superconducting quantum processor via the XY control line and is used to multiplex the XY control channel. The Z-control multiplexer is a chip-level device that is connected to the superconducting quantum processor via the Z-control line and is used to multiplex the Z-control channel.

4. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The control multiplexer includes: two or more filters, two or more isolators, two or more capacitors, and two bias line circuits integrated on a single chip; wherein, A filter is used to filter input signals of different frequencies from a microwave control line, dividing the input signal into different channels. An isolator is used to convert signals from a filter and output them. An isolator is a two-port device, in which the two ports are impedance-matched loads and connected to resistors of preset resistance values. One port is the input port and the other port is the output port. The capacitor is installed in the isolator, and the center operating frequency of the isolator can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance value. The bias line circuit is used to adjust the bias magnetic field of the isolator.

5. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The quantum amplifier is an on-chip quantum amplifier with non-reciprocity, comprising: one or more circulators and one or more quantum amplifiers integrated on a single chip; wherein... The circulator is a multi-port on-chip superconducting circulator, wherein one input port is used to input quantum information or connect to the output port of an adjacent circulator; one output port is used to connect to the input port of an adjacent circulator or output amplified quantum information; the remaining ports include at least two for connecting loads; The load includes a non-reflective quantum amplifier, a reflective quantum amplifier, or a resistor with a preset resistance value, and at least one load is a non-reflective quantum amplifier or a reflective quantum amplifier.

6. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The quantum amplifier is an on-chip quantum amplifier with strong isolation capabilities, comprising: one or more circulators, two or more isolators, and one or more quantum amplifiers integrated on a single chip; wherein... The circulator is a multi-port on-chip superconducting circulator, wherein one input port is used to input quantum information or connect to the output port of an adjacent circulator; one output port is used to connect to the input port of an adjacent circulator or output amplified quantum information; the remaining ports include at least two for connecting loads; An isolator is a two-port device, one port of which is used to cascade a circulator or isolator, and the other port is used as an input / output port of an on-chip quantum amplifier or to cascade an isolator or circulator. The isolator is used to convert the input signal to the output. The load includes a non-reflective quantum amplifier, a reflective quantum amplifier, or a resistor with a preset resistance value, and at least one load is a non-reflective quantum amplifier or a reflective quantum amplifier.

7. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to claim 3, wherein, The microwave connector is a coaxial connector.

8. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to claim 3, wherein, The microwave connector and the XY control multiplexer are directly interconnected in any of the following ways: printed circuit board (PCB) traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, and through-silicon vias (TSVs). The microwave connector and the Z-control multiplexer are directly interconnected in any of the following ways: printed circuit board (PCB) traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, and through-silicon vias (TSVs). The microwave connector and the quantum amplifier are directly interconnected in any of the following ways: printed circuit board (PCB) traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, and through-silicon vias (TSVs). The XY control multiplexer and the superconducting quantum processor are directly interconnected in any of the following ways: printed circuit board (PCB) traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, and through-silicon vias (TSVs). The Z-controlled multiplexer and the superconducting quantum processor are directly interconnected in any of the following ways: printed circuit board (PCB) traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, and through-silicon vias (TSVs). The quantum amplification module and the superconducting quantum processor are directly interconnected in any of the following ways: printed circuit board (PCB) traces, coplanar waveguides, microstrip lines, striplines, coaxial lines, flip-chip bonding, slot lines, and through-silicon vias (TSVs).

9. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to claim 3, wherein, The pads of the microwave connector are connected to the pads of the XY control multiplexer via a stripline between a via and a ground plane. The pads of the microwave connector are connected to the pads of the Z-control multiplexer via a stripline between a via and a ground plane. The pads of the microwave connector are connected to the pads of the quantum amplifier via a stripline between a via and a ground plane. The pads of the XY control multiplexer are connected to the pads of the superconducting quantum processor via a stripline between a via and the ground plane. The pads of the Z-controlled multiplexer are connected to the pads of the superconducting quantum processor via a stripline between a via and the ground plane. The pads of the quantum amplifier and the pads of the superconducting quantum processor are connected by a stripline between vias and the ground plane.

10. The superconducting quantum computer motherboard according to claim 3, wherein, The XY control multiplexer, the Z control multiplexer, the quantum amplifier, the microwave connector, and the superconducting quantum processor are integrated on the same circuit board and located in the same temperature range.

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