A kind of soybean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma, preparation process and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder, a preparation process and an application thereof. The Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder comprises, by weight: 6-12 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 30-60 parts of walnut kernels, 5-10 parts of Astragalus, 4-8 parts of Angelica sinensis, 5-10 parts of Ginkgo, 5-10 parts of Tangerine peel, 3-6 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, 2-4 parts of Jujube, 27-54 parts of soybean milk powder, 1-2 parts of duck protein peptide powder, 5.8-11.6 parts of cocoa powder, and 10-20 parts of xylitol. The Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder of the present invention follows the theory of Chinese medicine dietology, has the effects of invigorating spleen and lung, absorbing qi and relieving asthma, and is suitable for the auxiliary treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; it has certain effects, and at the same time, as a food, it also has color, aroma, taste and shape, and has better taste; the production process is simple, which is conducive to industrial production and has broad market prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of health food, in particular to a qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder, a preparation process and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), referred to as "COPD", is a persistent airflow obstruction caused by inflammation and airway remodeling. The main clinical symptoms are cough, sputum, and dyspnea. In severe cases, it can develop into cor pulmonale and pulmonary encephalopathy. Lung qi deficiency runs through the entire process of COPD disease development. The fundamental treatment of COPD is to replenish lung qi. Buzhong Yiqi Decoction originated from Li Dongyuan's "Discussion on Internal and External Injuries" in the Jin Dynasty. Its function is to replenish the middle qi, raise yang and lift the sunken. "Yi Zong Jin Jian" says that "Huangqi replenishes the superficial qi, ginseng replenishes the internal qi, and Zhicao replenishes the middle qi", which can greatly replenish the qi of the whole body. Studies have shown that Buzhong Yiqi Decoction can improve patients' symptoms. Buzhong Yiqi Decoction can improve patients' anxiety when used to treat COPD with lung and spleen qi deficiency. Ginseng and Walnut Soup was first published in Jisheng Fang. It is a classic recipe for replenishing qi and lungs, warming the kidneys and relieving asthma. It is suitable for asthma caused by deficiency of both lungs and kidneys and failure of qi absorption. It is mainly used to treat cough and shortness of breath, inability to lie flat, severe asthma when moving, low and weak cough, shortness of breath and fatigue, weak pulse, etc. The 2019 International Guidelines for Clinical Practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease recommends the use of Ginseng and Walnut Soup combined with Ginseng Yangfei Pills for COPD lung qi deficiency syndrome.

[0003] Traditional Chinese medicine decoctions are commonly used in the treatment of COPD. Traditional decoctions have a poor taste and are difficult to take for a long time, and patients have low compliance. Functional foods with the same origin of medicine and food mainly use Chinese medicine that can be used as both medicine and food. Under the guidance of multidisciplinary theories such as traditional Chinese medicine, nutrition, and pharmacy, they are made together with grains, fruits, and vegetables and other ingredients through process optimization to produce medicinal food with specific health-care effects. They not only have the function of disease prevention and health care, but also meet the food attributes of having good color, aroma, and taste.

[0004] The "Suixiju Diet" describes soybeans as follows: "Lung abscess and sha qi, chewing raw does not smell fishy." Soybeans have the effects of widening the middle and lower qi, benefiting the large intestine, eliminating edema and toxins, and nourishing the spleen and qi. They are rich in nutrients such as vitamin A, B vitamins, vitamin D, vitamin E and a variety of essential amino acids. Soy milk powder is a powdered instant drink made from soybeans after a series of processes such as peeling, soaking, grinding, sterilization, deodorization, and spray drying. It is rich in nutrients such as protein, amino acids, fatty acids, and functional substances such as oligosaccharides, isoflavones, and lecithin, and is easy to digest and absorb. Soy milk has a higher protein content than cow's milk, and liquid liquids are easier to take than solid protein foods, and they taste delicious. As a traditional Chinese food, soy milk is highly accepted by patients and can also be taken by people with lactose intolerance. Oligofructose is the main dietary fiber in soy milk, which can regulate the balance in the intestine and is beneficial to intestinal health. Chinese invention patent application CN108498743A discloses a method for producing ginkgo bean milk powder, which is prepared by shelling, soaking, detoxifying, adding bean milk, grinding, homogenizing, and spray drying. Ginkgo bean milk powder has the effects of lowering blood lipids, preventing hypertension, and inhibiting various pathogens. It can treat various diseases such as wheezing, dizziness, and tinnitus, and is a high-quality health food. Chinese invention patent application CN114376154A discloses a method for preparing functional bean milk powder, which is as follows: first, remove impurities, crush, peel, soak, grind, and boil soybeans; then adjust the pH and add functional components such as whey protein, high F value oligopeptides, and other auxiliary materials for blending; then, the blended bean milk is homogenized in a cavitation jet homogenizer, subjected to ultra-high temperature instantaneous heat treatment, and then subjected to low-temperature drying, and the resulting finished product is functional bean milk powder. The invention adds whey protein and high F value oligopeptides to increase the nutritional value of soybean powder, and the added animal protein enriches the functional properties of plant protein, improves the digestion and absorption rate, and improves the anti-fatigue property of soybean milk powder. However, the above soybean milk powders have no effect of invigorating qi and relieving asthma. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a soybean milk powder that is both a medicine and a food and can invigorate qi and relieve asthma for the auxiliary treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a soy milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A soy milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma, comprising, by weight:

[0008] 6-12 portions of Codonopsis pilosula, 30-60 portions of walnut kernels, 5-10 portions of Astragalus membranaceus, 4-8 portions of Angelica sinensis, 5-10 portions of Ginkgo, 5-10 portions of Tangerine peel, 3-6 portions of Roasted Licorice, 2-4 portions of Jujube, 27-54 portions of Soy milk powder, and 1-2 portions of Duck protein peptide powder.

[0009] In the Chinese medicine compound of Yiqi Pingchuan soy milk powder, which is both medicine and food, Codonopsis pilosula and walnut kernels are the main medicines, Astragalus and Angelica sinensis are the auxiliary medicines, Ginkgo and Tangerine peel are the adjuvants, and Roasted Licorice and Jujube are the guiding medicines. All the medicines are used together to nourish the spleen and lungs, resolve phlegm and relieve asthma, and regulate the condition of COPD with deficiency of the lungs, spleen and kidneys. Compared with cow's milk, soy milk has higher protein content, and liquid is easier to take than solid protein food, and it tastes delicious. As a traditional Chinese food, soy milk has a high acceptance among patients, and people with lactose intolerance can also take it, which is easy to digest and absorb. The main dietary fiber oligofructose in soy milk can regulate the balance in the intestines and is beneficial to intestinal health. Duck meat contains nutrients such as protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins B1 and B2, and the duck protein peptides obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of duck meat are hydrolyzed to obtain peptides and free amino acids, which are easily soluble in water and are conducive to human digestion and absorption.

[0010] Furthermore, the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder further comprises, by weight: 5.8 to 11.6 parts of cocoa powder and 10 to 20 parts of xylitol.

[0011] Cocoa powder can cover up the bad smell of the medicine, and xylitol can improve the bitter taste of the medicine, making the Yiqi Pingchuan soy milk powder have a good taste. In addition, xylitol as a sweetener can also avoid causing blood sugar to rise.

[0012] Preferably, the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder comprises the following raw materials by weight:

[0013] 9 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 45 parts of walnut kernels, 7.5 parts of Astragalus, 6 parts of Angelica sinensis, 7.5 parts of Ginkgo, 7.5 parts of Tangerine peel, 4.5 parts of Roasted Licorice, 3 parts of Jujube, 40.5 parts of Soymilk Powder, 1.5 parts of Duck Protein Peptide Powder, 8.7 parts of Cocoa Powder, and 15 parts of Xylitol.

[0014] A preparation process of the above-mentioned Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1, extracting Codonopsis pilosula with alcohol, separating solid from liquid, and obtaining Codonopsis pilosula residue and a first extract;

[0016] Performing alcohol extraction on ginkgo nuts and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain ginkgo nut residues and a second extract;

[0017] S2, walnut kernel, astragalus, angelica, tangerine peel, licorice, jujube, codonopsis pilosula residue and ginkgo residue were mixed and then subjected to multiple water extractions,

[0018] Solid-liquid separation to obtain drug residue and the third extract;

[0019] S3, mixing the first extract, the second extract, and the third extract, and concentrating them to obtain a concentrated solution;

[0020] S4, drying the concentrated liquid to obtain dry extract powder;

[0021] S5. Evenly mix the dry extract powder with soybean milk powder, duck protein peptide powder, cocoa powder and xylitol to obtain the soybean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S1, the alcohol used to extract Codonopsis pilosula is a 50%-70% ethanol solution by volume, the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20ml-1g:30ml, the extraction time is 1-2h, and the extraction temperature is 60-80°C.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S1, the alcohol used to extract the ginkgo nuts is a 30%-50% ethanol solution by volume, the solid-liquid ratio (mass / volume) is 1:5-1:10, the extraction temperature is 80-90°C, and reflux is performed 2-4 times, each time for 1 hour.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, water extraction is performed at least twice. During the first water extraction, the soaking time is 0.5-3 h, the solid-liquid ratio (mass / volume) is 1:10-1:24, and the extraction time is 1-2.5 h.

[0025] Furthermore, during the second water extraction, the soaking time is 0.5-3h, the solid-liquid ratio (mass / volume) is 1:8-1:22, and the extraction time is 0.5-2h.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S4, the density of the concentrated solution is 1.1-1.3 g / ml.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S4, reduced pressure concentration is adopted at 45-55°C, 60-80r / mim, and 35-45hPa.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S5, the concentrated liquid is dried by spray drying or freeze drying.

[0029] Codonopsis pilosula and ginkgo have both alcohol-soluble and water-soluble active ingredients. The active ingredients can be fully obtained by extracting them with alcohol first and then with water.

[0030] The invention discloses an application of a bean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma. The bean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma is used for preparing medicine for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

[0031] Codonopsis is mild in nature and sweet in taste. It belongs to the spleen and lung meridians. It has the effects of tonifying the middle and replenishing qi, promoting body fluid and nourishing blood. "Ben Jing Feng Yuan" says that it "clears the lungs. Although Shangdang ginseng does not have the effect of sweet and warm tonic, it has the power of sweet and mild to clear the lungs. It is also not like Adenophora, which is cold in nature and only drains lung qi." The syndrome differentiation of COPD is mainly lung deficiency. "The mother can make the child weak, and the deficiency can replenish the mother." The treatment of long-term illness can start with "replenishing the mother" and replenishing the spleen. Codonopsis belongs to the lung and spleen meridians, so it is the main medicine of this prescription. Codonopsis has complex chemical components and various types. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that codonopsis polysaccharides, codonopsis oligosaccharides, codonopsis total flavonoids, codonopsis total saponins, etc. can improve the body's ability to resist fatigue and hypoxia. Codonopsis is often used in combination with tonic drugs, expectorant, cough-relieving and asthma-relieving drugs, and blood-activating and stasis-removing drugs to treat COPD. It has good effects in combination with Western medicine to treat COPD, chronic bronchitis, and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections.

[0032] Walnut kernels are warm in nature and sweet in taste. They enter the lung, kidney, and large intestine meridians. They are good products for warming the lungs, nourishing the kidneys, and moistening the intestines. They are often used clinically for symptoms such as low back pain and weak legs, asthma and cough due to deficiency and cold, and constipation due to dry intestines. The Yuzhou Yaojie records that walnut kernels "calm coughs and stop asthma, and promote water and food intake"; the Compendium of Materia Medica says that "walnut meat is an essential medicine for asthma due to deficiency and cold", and it is paired with Codonopsis pilosula as the main medicine. The Yaolong Xiaopin says that walnuts "are ineffective if peeled, but effective with the skin, because the skin can restrain the lungs", suggesting that walnut kernels should be taken with the skin when used as medicine. Walnut oil in walnut kernel is rich in oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, polyphenols and other ingredients. Polyunsaturated fatty acids account for up to 78% of the total fatty acid content. The ratio of linoleic acid to α-linolenic acid is close to the golden ratio of 4:1, which has high nutritional value. Phenolic substances in walnut oil can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and other diseases; walnut protein is a new type of dietary protein, which contains a high content of essential amino acids for the human body. The highest content of glutamic acid has an important influence on the intelligence and memory development of adolescents. The second highest content of arginine has immunomodulatory activity, which can improve cardiovascular function and regulate immune response. Walnut protein can play an immunomodulatory function by treating splenomegaly, and has outstanding nutritional and functional activity. Walnut peptide amino acid processed from walnut protein does not contain cholesterol, has a small molecular weight and is easy to absorb, which can effectively improve protein energy malnutrition, and has good anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, anti-fatigue, and immunity-enhancing functions.

[0033] Astragalus is slightly warm in nature, sweet in taste, and belongs to the spleen and lung meridians. It is often used clinically for the symptoms of spleen and lung qi deficiency or sinking of middle qi, spontaneous sweating due to deficiency of defensive qi, carbuncle that does not ulcerate or ulcers for a long time due to deficiency of qi and blood, edema, oliguria, numbness of limbs, etc. Ye Tianshi's "Explanation of Materia Medica" said that "it has a sweet and warm smell, warms it with qi, so it replenishes the deficiency of the body; replenishes it with flavor, so it replenishes the deficiency of essence". Astragalus is the minister of this prescription, helping Codonopsis to replenish qi. Astragalus contains chemical components such as polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, amino acids, alkaloids, etc., which have pharmacological effects such as protecting lung function, inhibiting tumor growth, improving immune function, protecting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, and protecting liver and kidney tissues. Clinically, it has been found that Astragalus can alleviate the deterioration of lung function in patients with moderate to severe COPD in the stable stage, and Astragalus polysaccharides can correct the imbalance of Th1 / Th2 cells in the body and promote the restoration of normal immune function in asthma patients.

[0034] Angelica sinensis is warm in nature, sweet and pungent in taste. It enters the liver, heart and spleen meridians and can nourish blood, activate blood circulation, relieve pain and moisten the intestines. The disease of "lung distension" is caused by qi deficiency, which affects the blood. The effect of angelica sinensis in activating blood circulation can expel the blood stasis in COPD patients and make the veins unobstructed. "Qi is the leader of blood, and blood is the home of qi". Angelica sinensis and astragalus can make the qi to be replenished have something to attach to. The two are used together as ministers. Angelica sinensis contains chemical components such as volatile oils, polysaccharides, organic acids, and flavonoids. It has pharmacological effects such as nourishing blood and activating blood circulation, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, protecting liver and kidney, and regulating immunity. Although the "antiasthmatic" effect of angelica sinensis is not clearly written in the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, angelica sinensis is used in many antiasthmatic prescriptions. In recent years, studies have found that angelica sinensis soaked in water or angelica sinensis extract can effectively improve lung ventilation.

[0035] Ginkgo nuts are mild in nature, sweet, bitter and astringent in taste, belong to the lung meridian, are slightly poisonous and should not be eaten too much. They have the effects of astringing the lungs and relieving asthma, astringing and stopping leukorrhea. "Yuzhuo Yaojie" says that they "reduce phlegm and reduce qi, calm cough and stop asthma". "Bencao Beiyao" records that ginkgo nuts "cooked can warm the lungs and replenish qi, calm phlegm and asthma, astringe cough, reduce urine size, and stop leukorrhea". They are an adjuvant in this prescription. The toxic components in ginkgo nuts are insoluble in water and easily decomposed by heat. They are widely used in clinical practice. After relieving heat and detoxification, they have a nourishing effect. They are also clinically used for frequent urination due to kidney deficiency, frequent urination at night, etc.

[0036] Tangerine peel is warm in nature, pungent and bitter in taste, and belongs to the spleen and lung meridians. It has the effects of regulating qi, regulating the middle, drying dampness and resolving phlegm. "Ben Cao Jing Jie" records that "tangerine peel is pungent and can disperse, bitter and can drain, can break scabs and clear heat, bitter and pungent to lower qi, and can also control adverse qi", which can be used for lung qi not descending caused by all "tangible blood, food and phlegm". "Yao Xing Lun" says: "Tangerine peel, clears phlegm and stimulates appetite. It treats cough caused by upper breath, treats qi dysentery, breaks up tumors and lumps, and regulates the qi between the chest and diaphragm." Tangerine peel regulates qi and regulates the middle, making all medicines nourishing without stagnation. It is used together with ginkgo to relieve cough, resolve phlegm and relieve asthma, and they are adjuvants. Tangerine peel contains volatile oils, flavonoid compounds, trace elements, alkaloids and other substances, which have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, antioxidant and neuroprotective pharmacological effects.

[0037] Roasted licorice root is sweet and mild in nature. It belongs to the heart, lung, spleen and stomach meridians. It can nourish the spleen and replenish qi, moisten the lungs and relieve cough, relieve acute pain and relieve pain. It is a guiding drug. Roasted licorice root mainly contains flavonoids and saponins, which have the effects of anti-oxidation, improving the body's immunity, relieving pain and inflammation, and preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The glycyrrhizic acid contained in it has pharmacological effects such as antiviral, cough and expectorant.

[0038] Jujube is sweet and mild in nature. It belongs to the spleen and stomach meridians. It can replenish qi, nourish blood and calm the mind. It is used as a drug together with roasted licorice to moderate the medicinal properties. The two drugs are sweet and can reconcile the bitter taste of traditional Chinese medicine, making it easier for patients to accept. Jujube mainly contains chemical components such as jujube polysaccharides and total flavonoids, which have pharmacological effects such as improving immunity, anti-fatigue, lowering blood lipids, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, sedative and hypnotic.

[0039] The traditional Chinese medicine prescription of the soy milk powder for replenishing qi and relieving asthma is made by adding and subtracting Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and Renshen Hutao Decoction. The two prescriptions are used together to replace ginseng with Codonopsis pilosula, which reduces the product cost without reducing its effect. "Supplement to Compendium of Materia Medica" records that "the function of Codonopsis pilosula can replace ginseng", and it also says "to treat lung deficiency, can replenish lung qi, taste sweet and flat, replenish the middle qi, harmonize the spleen and stomach, eliminate troubles, quench thirst, and slightly weak middle qi, it is used to regulate and replenish, which is very safe." Long-term COPD can affect the spleen due to lung deficiency. Codonopsis pilosula belongs to the lung and spleen meridians, and has the effect of replenishing the lungs. "Miaoyong Codonopsis pilosula for treating all kinds of diseases" records many medicinal diet prescriptions of Codonopsis pilosula for treating respiratory diseases such as COPD and cough, such as Lily Codonopsis pilosula pig lung soup and Codonopsis pilosula paste. As a food with medicinal properties, the present invention needs to remove non-medicinal and edible drugs such as Cimicifuga, Bupleurum, Atractylodes macrocephala, etc. from the prescription. Considering that the whole prescription is mild in nature, the pungent and dry taste of ginger is removed, and ginkgo and tangerine peel are added to help the prescription to relieve cough, resolve phlegm and relieve asthma. The whole prescription has the effects of tonifying the spleen, benefiting the lungs, absorbing qi and relieving asthma.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The formula of the invigorating qi and pacifying asthma soybean milk powder of the present invention complies with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and dietetics, has the effects of tonifying the spleen and lungs, absorbing qi and relieving asthma, and is suitable for the auxiliary treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; the selected Chinese medicines are all from the list of medicines and foods of the same origin, are safe and non-toxic, and have the effects of anti-inflammatory, improving malnutrition status, regulating immunity and the like; the taste of the invigorating qi and pacifying asthma soybean milk powder is improved through flavor correction research, and the popular acceptance of the product is increased, so that it not only has certain effects, but also has color, aroma, taste and shape as a food, and has a better taste; the medicinal material extraction process is scientific and stable, the production process is simple, it is conducive to industrial production, and has broad market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 HE staining of lung tissues of mice in different experimental groups in Example 5;

[0043] Figure 2 This is HE staining of adipose tissue of mice in different experimental groups in Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. In the following embodiments, the material-liquid ratio is g / ml.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a kind of Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder, which mainly comprises:

[0047] Chinese medicinal ingredients that are both edible and medicinal: 9 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 45 parts of walnut kernels, 7.5 parts of Astragalus, 6 parts of Angelica sinensis, 7.5 parts of Ginkgo, 7.5 parts of Tangerine peel, 4.5 parts of Roasted Licorice, 3 parts of Jujube;

[0048] Ingredients: 40.5 parts of soy milk powder, 1.5 parts of duck protein peptide powder;

[0049] Auxiliary materials: 8.7 parts of cocoa powder and 15 parts of xylitol.

[0050] The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder is as follows:

[0051] S1. Codonopsis pilosula is mixed with 50% ethanol solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:25, and extraction is performed. The extraction time is 90 minutes and the extraction temperature is 70°C. The mixture is filtered while hot, concentrated under reduced pressure, and centrifuged to remove impurities to obtain ethanol extract of Codonopsis pilosula residue and Codonopsis pilosula; Ginkgo biloba is mixed with 40% ethanol solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6, heated to 85°C, refluxed 3 times, each time for 1.0h, filtered while hot, the filtrate is combined, concentrated under reduced pressure, and centrifuged to remove impurities to obtain ethanol extract of Ginkgo biloba residue and Ginkgo biloba;

[0052] S2, walnut kernel, astragalus, angelica, tangerine peel, licorice, jujube and codonopsis pilosula residue, ginkgo residue were mixed and soaked in water for 1.0h, the solid-liquid ratio was 1:12, the extraction time was 1.5h, and the solid-liquid separation was performed to obtain a residue and an extract;

[0053] S3, soaking the primary medicinal residue in water for 1.0h, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, extraction time of 1.0h, solid-liquid separation, to obtain secondary medicinal residue and secondary extract;

[0054] S4, the ethanol extract of Codonopsis pilosula, the ethanol extract of Ginkgo biloba, the primary extract, and the secondary extract were mixed, and concentrated under reduced pressure at 50° C., 70 r / mim, and 40 hPa to a concentrate of 1.25 g / ml;

[0055] S5, freeze-drying the concentrated solution to obtain dry extract powder;

[0056] S6. Evenly mix the dry extract powder with soybean milk powder, duck protein peptide powder, cocoa powder and xylitol to obtain the soybean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma.

[0057] The dry extract powder mixed with soy milk powder and duck protein peptide powder accounts for 70% of the total product weight, cocoa powder accounts for 11%, and xylitol accounts for 19%.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] This embodiment provides a kind of Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder, which mainly comprises:

[0060] Chinese medicinal ingredients that are both edible and medicinal: 6 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 30 parts of walnut kernels, 5 parts of Astragalus, 4 parts of Angelica sinensis, 5 parts of Ginkgo, 5 parts of Tangerine peel, 3 parts of Roasted Licorice, and 2 parts of Jujube;

[0061] Ingredients: 27 parts soy milk powder, 1 part duck protein peptide powder;

[0062] Auxiliary materials: 5.8 parts of cocoa powder and 10.0 parts of xylitol.

[0063] The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder is the same as that in Example 1.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This embodiment provides a kind of Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder, which mainly comprises:

[0066] Chinese medicinal ingredients that are both edible and medicinal: 12 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 60 parts of walnut kernels, 10 parts of Astragalus, 8 parts of Angelica sinensis, 10 parts of Ginkgo, 10 parts of Tangerine peel, 6 parts of Roasted Licorice, and 4 parts of Jujube;

[0067] Ingredients: 54 parts soy milk powder, 2 parts duck protein peptide powder;

[0068] Auxiliary materials: 11.6 parts of cocoa powder and 20 parts of xylitol.

[0069] The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder is the same as that in Example 1.

[0070] Example 4: Investigation of water extraction process parameters in the preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder of the present invention

[0071] 1 Instrument

[0072] The instruments and equipment used are shown in Table 1.

[0073] Table 1 Instruments and equipment

[0074]

[0075] 2 Medicinal materials and reagents

[0076] The medicinal materials Codonopsis pilosula, walnut kernel, astragalus, angelica, ginkgo, tangerine peel, roasted licorice, and jujube were purchased from Laobaixing Pharmacy and identified by Professor Zhou Ribao of the School of Pharmacy of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine as complying with the relevant provisions of the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia; ferulic acid reference substance (batch number: 110773-201614), liquiritin reference substance (batch number: 111610-201607), and ammonium glycyrrhizinate reference substance (batch number: 110731-201619) were all provided by the China Food and Drug Inspection Institute; hesperidin reference substance (batch number: 110773-201614), liquiritin reference substance (batch number: 111610-201607), and ammonium glycyrrhizinate reference substance (batch number: 110731-201619) were all provided by the China Food and Drug Inspection Institute; Batch number: P06D9F77001, HPLC ≥ 98%), sucrose reference substance (Batch number: H22J9R53193, HPLC ≥ 98%), D-fructose reference substance (Batch number: J31M9R62568, HPLC ≥ 99%), and D(+)-anhydrous glucose reference substance (Batch number: Y19F11J108781, HPLC ≥ 98%) were all provided by Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; octadecylsilane bonded silica gel (Shanghai Yuexu Technology Co., Ltd., Ultimate XB-C18 chromatographic column, 5μm, 4.6*250mm); methanol and acetonitrile were of chromatographic grade; and the experimental water was purified water or ultrapure water.

[0077] 3. Determination of Ferulic Acid, Hesperidin, Licorice Glucoside and Ammonium Glycyrrhizinate by Liquid Chromatography

[0078] 3.1 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability experiments

[0079] The contents of ferulic acid, hesperidin, liquiritin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in the formula were determined with reference to General Chapter 0512 of Part IV of the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as the filler; mobile phase A was acetonitrile, and mobile phase B was 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution; column temperature was 30°C; flow rate was 1.0 ml per minute; detection wavelength was 210 nm; gradient elution was performed according to the provisions in Table 2.

[0080] 3.2 Preparation of test solution

[0081] 0.4 g of each of the Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder dry extract powder samples in Examples 2-4 were accurately weighed, placed in a stoppered conical flask, 40 ml of methanol was added, the flask was sealed, and ultrasonic treatment (power 200 W, 50 Hz) was performed for 60 min. The flask was filtered through a 0.22 μm microporous filter membrane to obtain the product.

[0082] 3.3 Preparation of reference solution

[0083] Take appropriate amounts of ferulic acid, hesperidin, liquiritin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate respectively, weigh accurately, and add methanol to prepare a reference solution containing ferulic acid at a concentration of 19.8940 μg / ml, hesperidin at a concentration of 208.7400 μg / ml, liquiritin at a concentration of 19.2717 μg / ml and ammonium glycyrrhizinate at a concentration of 186.0000 μg / ml.

[0084] 3.4 Preparation of blank control solution

[0085] Take the methanol solution and filter it through a 0.22 μm organic microporous filter membrane to obtain a blank control solution.

[0086] 3.5 Determination method

[0087] Accurately pipette 5 μL of the reference solution and the test solution respectively, inject into the liquid chromatograph, determine the peak area integral value, the mobile phase ratio and the gradient elution time are shown in Table 4.

[0088] Table 2 Mobile phase ratio and gradient elution time

[0089]

[0090] 4 Liquid chromatography determination of glucose, fructose and sucrose content

[0091] 4.1 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability experiments

[0092] The content of glucose, fructose and sucrose was determined with reference to General Chapter 0512 of Part IV of the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The Ultimate XB-C18 chromatographic column (5 μm, 4.6 × 250 mm) of Yuexu Technology Shanghai Co., Ltd. was used as the stationary phase; water was used as the mobile phase; the column temperature was 80 °C; the flow rate was 0.5 ml per minute; the refractometer temperature was 35 °C; and the detection time was 30 minutes.

[0093] 4.2 Preparation of test solution

[0094] Accurately weigh 0.4 g of each sample of Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder and dry extract powder, add 40 ml of water, ultrasonically treat (power 200 W, frequency 50 Hz) for 60 min, and filter with a 0.22 μm microporous filter membrane to obtain the test solution.

[0095] 4.3 Preparation of reference solution

[0096] D(+)-anhydrous glucose, D-fructose and sucrose were taken respectively, accurately weighed, and water was added to prepare a reference solution containing D(+)-anhydrous glucose at a concentration of 990.00 μg / mL, D-fructose at a concentration of 970.20 μg / mL, and sucrose at a concentration of 1009.4 μg / mL.

[0097] 4.4 Preparation of blank control solution

[0098] Take the aqueous solution and filter it through a 0.22 μm organic microporous filter membrane to obtain the product.

[0099] 4.5 Determination method

[0100] Accurately pipette 5 μL of the reference solution and the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine the peak area integral value.

[0101] 5 Study on water extraction process conditions

[0102] The water extraction process parameters in the preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder described in Example 1, namely the three factors of soaking time (A), water addition amount (B), and extraction time (C), were investigated according to the orthogonal design experimental factor level table and L9 (3) 3 The experiment was arranged according to the table, and the percentage content of ferulic acid, hesperidin, liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, glucose, fructose and sucrose was used as evaluation indicators. The experimental design and results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0103] Table 3 Factor levels of water extraction orthogonal test

[0104]

[0105] Table 4 Arrangement and results of orthogonal test for water extraction

[0106]

[0107] 5.1 Determination of weight coefficients by AHP method

[0108] According to the importance of the measured indicators to the prescription, the seven indicators were divided into seven levels, the relative importance of the targets at the same level was compared, and the priority matrix was constructed using the consistency matrix method, and the priority order of the seven indicators was determined to be hesperidin>ferulic acid>anhydrous glucose>D-fructose>sucrose>liquiritin>ammonium glycyrrhizinate, as shown in Table 5. Results: The weight coefficients of the seven indicators calculated by the AHP method were 0.3517, 0.2412, 0.1596, 0.1040, 0.0678, 0.0449, and 0.0309, respectively, and the consistency ratio factor (CR) = 0.0388 < 0.1, indicating that the matrix meets the consistency requirements and the weight coefficients are reasonable and effective.

[0109] Table 5 Index component comparison judgment priority matrix

[0110]

[0111] Note: Wi′ represents the initial weight coefficient; Wi represents the normalized weight coefficient; λmax represents the maximum characteristic root; CR represents the consistency ratio factor.

[0112] 5.2 CRITIC method to determine weight coefficient

[0113] The CRITIC method is to judge the importance of the standard by the correlation between the standards, and use the standard deviation to calculate the contrast intensity (Si) to objectively evaluate the weight coefficient of the corresponding index. The larger the standard deviation, the greater the amount of information reflected by the sample. The orthogonal test results are first standardized (normalized) by linear interpolation, and the index component = (measured value-minimum value) / (maximum value-minimum value). The results are shown in Table 6. The SPSSPRO platform (https: / / www.spsspro.com / ) is used to calculate the matrix. The correlation coefficient (Ri) represents the correlation between the indicators. The stronger the correlation with other indicators, the more the same information is reflected by the indicator; the comprehensive weight (Ci, Ci = Si × Ri), the larger the Ci, the greater the role of the i-th evaluation indicator in the entire evaluation indicator system, and more weight should be assigned to it; the objective weight Wi = Ci / ΣCi. The results of Si, Ri, Ci and Wi of each indicator are shown in Table 7.

[0114] Results: The objective weight coefficients of the seven indicators were 0.2398, 0.1837, 0.1307, 0.1175, 0.1138, 0.1124 and 0.1022, respectively. Ferulic acid had the highest objective weight coefficient, followed by sucrose.

[0115] Table 6 Normalized values ​​of water extraction orthogonal design test results

[0116]

[0117] Table 7 CRITIC method related calculation data

[0118]

[0119] 5.3 AHP-CRITIC hybrid weighting method to determine the final weight coefficient

[0120] Compared with the AHP method, the CRITIC method can more objectively evaluate the weight coefficient of the corresponding index. The two methods are combined to calculate the comprehensive weight, that is, W AHP-CRITIC =W AHPij ×W CRITICij / ∑W AHPij W CRITICij, the weight coefficients of each characteristic component were 0.1573, 0.2201, 0.0225, 0.0122, 0.0693, 0.4741, and 0.0446, respectively. Therefore, the comprehensive score = [hesperidin content / maximum hesperidin content × 0.1573 + ferulic acid content / maximum ferulic acid content × 0.2201 + liquiritin content / maximum liquiritin content × 0.0225 + ammonium glycyrrhizinate content / maximum ammonium glycyrrhizinate content × 0.0122 + glucose content / maximum glucose content × 0.0693 + sucrose content / maximum sucrose content × 0.4741 + fructose content / maximum fructose content × 0.0446] × 100. The final scoring results are shown in Table 8.

[0121] Table 8 AHP-CRITIC scores for water extraction orthogonal design experiment

[0122]

[0123] 6 Extraction process optimization and verification

[0124] 6.1 Optimization of extraction process parameters

[0125] Combining the results in Table 4 and Table 6, we get the range R A 35.8, R B 20.16, R C 29.37, the influence on the water extraction process is: A>C>B. SPSS25.0 software was used for further variance analysis, and the results are shown in Table 9. The three factors did not have significant effects directly. According to the principle of comprehensive scoring and production energy saving, the optimal process parameters were A1B1C1, that is, soaking for 1h, adding 12 times the amount of water for the first time (solid-liquid ratio 1:12), boiling for 1.5h, adding 10 times the amount of water for the second time (solid-liquid ratio 1:10), and boiling for 1.0h.

[0126] Table 9 Results of variance analysis of water extraction process

[0127]

[0128] 6.2 Verification test

[0129] The dry extract powder was prepared according to the preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder described in Example 1, and three repeatability verification tests were carried out, as follows:

[0130] The experimental results are shown in Table 10.

[0131] Table 10 Extraction process validation test (%)

[0132]

[0133] In this embodiment, hesperidin, ferulic acid, licorice glycoside, glucose and other indicators are selected as evaluation indicators of water extraction process. It is based on the theory of formula composition, and the active ingredients of the medicines with the effects of relieving cough, reducing phlegm, anti-inflammatory, improving immunity, supplementing nutrition, etc. are determined to carry out multi-index comprehensive evaluation of the extraction process, so as to maximize the utility value of the compound. This study adopts the AHP-CRITIC method for comprehensive evaluation, and minimizes the influence of subjective judgment on the weight coefficient as much as possible. The AHP method and the CRITIC method still have the problem of inadequate investigation of the weight relationship of the drug index components at the beginning of the calculation. This study adopts the AHP-CRITIC mixed weighted method to weaken the shortcomings of the two weighting methods. It can be seen from the data in Table 10 that the extraction process in this embodiment has good repeatability and can be used for the water extraction process of the traditional Chinese medicine compound of Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder.

[0134] Example 5: Animal experiment of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder of the present invention

[0135] 1 Experimental instruments and materials

[0136] 1.1 Animals and feed

[0137] 96 SPF male 8-week-old C57BL / 6 mice, weighing (18-22 g), were ordered from the Experimental Animal Center of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine. Animal experiment license number: SCXK (Xiang) 2019-0004, quality certificate number: No.430727221101566954. The experiment was started after 3 days of adaptive feeding in the SPF animal room of the Experimental Animal Center of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, at room temperature (22±2)℃ and relative humidity 65%-75%. During the experiment, the mice were free to drink water and eat, and the feed was ordinary feed.

[0138] 1.2 Reagents and consumables

[0139] The main reagents and consumables are shown in Table 11.

[0140] Table 11 Reagents and consumables

[0141]

[0142] 1.3 Main test instruments

[0143] Homemade fumigation box (80 cm × 70 cm × 60 cm); galileo 38355 slicer (DIAPATH, Italy); BIOBASE BT-1 / B slide spreader (Shandong Boke Medical Instrument Co., Ltd.); LightCycler 480 real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR system (Shanghai Roche Diagnostics Products Co., Ltd.); iMaik microplate reader (Bio-Rad Biomedical Products Shanghai Co., Ltd.); N-3010 10L rotary evaporator (Tokyo Rika, Japan); SCIENTZ-10N freeze dryer (Ningbo Xinzhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.); ZWL-PAI-10 ultrapure water machine (Hunan Zhongwo Water Environmental Protection Technology); HTP-312 300g-0.01g electronic balance (Shanghai Huachao Electric Appliances); TgL18W high-speed refrigerated centrifuge (Changsha Yingtai Instrument Co., Ltd.).

[0144] 2 Indicators and selection basis

[0145] 2.1 Body mass

[0146] As a systemic disease, COPD manifests itself in systemic inflammatory response, skeletal muscle atrophy, weight loss, etc. Body weight can reflect nutritional status to some extent; domestic and foreign literature shows that 10%-15% of mild to moderate COPD patients and 50% of severe COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure have poor body weight and nutrition.

[0147] 2.2 Pulmonary inflammatory factors

[0148] A brief description of lung inflammatory factors is shown in Table 12.

[0149] Table 12 Brief description of lung inflammatory factors

[0150]

[0151] 2.3 Pulmonary surfactant binding protein

[0152] Currently, four types of lung surface binding proteins have been discovered (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D). Among them, SP-A and SP-D can reduce lung surface tension, increase lung compliance, and have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative damage and immune regulation effects.

[0153] 2.4 Pathological changes in the lungs

[0154] HE staining is used to stain lung cell tissue to observe pathological changes in lung tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration, and lung damage in COPD groups relative to normal groups.

[0155] 2.5 Pathological changes of adipose tissue

[0156] Compared with normal adipose tissue, malnutrition and abnormal lipid metabolism can be reflected in lipid quality and adipose tissue pathological sections.

[0157] 3 Establishment and evaluation of COPD model

[0158] 3.1 COPD model establishment

[0159] In this experiment, a COPD model was established by nasal lipopolysaccharide combined with cigarette smoke according to the literature: a homemade fumigation box with a size of 80cm×70cm×60cm was made. The smoke box was equipped with air inlet and exhaust holes, which were located on the upper side walls of the smoke box, and the diameter was 10cm. When modeling, 8 lit cigarettes were placed in the smoke box, and the model mice were placed in the smoke box and continuously exposed to the smoke. Eight cigarettes were re-lit and placed in the smoke box within 15 minutes. After about 15 minutes, the smoke was dissipated, and the mice rested for 30 minutes, and the above operation was repeated. On the first and 15th days of modeling, lipopolysaccharide (50μL / mouse, 1mg / ml) was dripped into the model mice through the nose, and sterile saline was dripped into the normal group mice. No fumigation was performed on the same day. The modeling operation lasted for 60 days. From the 31st day, gavage was performed every morning for 30 days.

[0160] 3.2 Evaluation of COPD mouse model The evaluation was conducted based on behavioral changes, pathological changes in lung tissues, and expression levels of inflammatory factors in mice:

[0161] Behavioral changes in mice: After successful modeling, mice lose weight, have dry and yellow hair that is easy to fall off, look tired and weak, and after being smoked, they may develop symptoms such as nodding breathing and abdominal muscle cramps.

[0162] Pathological changes in lung tissue: Inflammatory cell infiltration, narrowing of the lumen, and widening of the alveolar septa can be seen around the bronchi at all levels.

[0163] Changes in the expression levels of inflammatory factors: As the main inflammatory mediators, various inflammatory factors participate in the occurrence and development of COPD, and the expression levels of various factors are significantly increased.

[0164] 4. Dosage Method

[0165] The compound Chinese medicine for Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder is an extract concentrate containing 1.25g / ml. The clinical dose for adults (70kg in weight) is the medium dose, and the ratio of high, medium and low doses is 2:1:1 / 2; the daily dosage of soybean milk powder for Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder is 27g for adults; the clinical therapeutic dose of duck protein peptide powder for adults is 1g / day. Referring to the "Pharmacological Experimental Methodology" edited by Professor Xu Shuyun, the dosage per unit body weight of mice in each dose group was calculated. Samples 2 to 9 in Table 13 are 8 portions of Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder made from the concentrated liquid of samples No. 2 to 9 prepared by other process parameters except the optimal process in the water extraction process investigation in Example 4. There are 8 groups in total, with 6 mice in each group. The Chinese medicine liquid group is the concentrated liquid obtained by water extraction according to the extraction method of the optimal process parameters obtained in Example 4, and the soybean milk group is the Jiuyang soybean milk sold on the market. Every day, the required amount of Chinese herbal compound, soy milk powder and duck peptide were mixed evenly and then gavaged once a day. The specific groups and gavage conditions are shown in Table 13.

[0166] Table 13 Animal experiment groups and gavage

[0167]

[0168] 5. Index collection and detection

[0169] 5.1 Observation of the general condition of mice in each group

[0170] Observe the death, body length, hair, diet, spirit, activity, breathing and sensitivity to external stimuli of each group of mice, and record the changes in body weight every week. If an animal dies during the process, perform an autopsy to analyze the cause of death and adjust the modeling plan if necessary. 5.2 Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum collection and detection

[0171] Serum collection: Eyeballs of mice in each group were removed to collect blood, and then the mice were killed by cervical dislocation. After the blood was allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours and then stratified, the blood was centrifuged at 4°C, 2000r / min for 10 minutes, and the upper serum was collected into a centrifuge tube and stored at -80°C.

[0172] Collection of BALF: The skin of the neck was disinfected and depilated, and a longitudinal incision was made along the neck to expose the mouse trachea. A sterile indwelling needle was inserted into the trachea, and the sterile suture was tied and fixed. 1 ml of normal saline was injected into the trachea by a syringe, and the lavage fluid was slowly withdrawn. This was repeated 3 times (1 ml of normal saline recovered about 0.6 ml of lavage fluid), and then injected into a sterile EP tube and stored on ice. After centrifugation at 1500 r / min for 15 minutes in a centrifuge, the supernatant was taken and stored at -80 °C for testing. According to the instructions of the ELISA kit, the ELISA method was used to determine the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum and BALF.

[0173] 5.3 Lung tissue pathological observation

[0174] Obtaining and fixing lung tissue: After collecting BALF, open the chest cavity and cut the lung tissue. After immersing in physiological saline, the left lung tissue is placed in a sterile EP tube and placed in dry ice, and then transferred to a -80℃ refrigerator for storage; the right lung tissue is placed in paraformaldehyde fixative and stored at room temperature for use.

[0175] Preparation of mouse lung tissue pathological sections: The right lung tissue previously soaked in 4% paraformaldehyde was placed in an embedding box, the fixed tissue was dehydrated and then embedded in wax, the embedded wax block was fixed on a microtome and cut into thin slices, the thin slices were placed in heated water, ironed flat, attached to a glass slide, and dried in a 60°C constant temperature box.

[0176] HE staining: Use xylene to remove the paraffin in the slices, dewax them in alcohol of different concentrations (from high to low concentrations), and then put them in distilled water for hydration. When the slices are transparent, take them out and put them in a hematoxylin aqueous solution for staining for 5 minutes, then put them in 0.5% hydrochloric acid alcohol for 3 seconds, and 0.5% ammonia water for blueing for 4-5 seconds. After washing with water for 5 minutes, immerse them in eosin stain for 2 minutes. Put the tissue slices in ethanol of different concentrations (from low to high concentrations) for 15 seconds each for dehydration, make them transparent with xylene, seal them with neutral gum, cover them with coverslips, mark them and observe them under a microscope.

[0177] 5.4 Pathological observation of adipose tissue

[0178] After the lung tissue was dissected, the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) of the mouse scapula were taken, accurately weighed, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, taken out and dehydrated in sequence, paraffin embedded, sliced, HE stained, sealed with neutral gum, marked and observed under a microscope.

[0179] 5.5 RT-PCR detection of relative expression levels of TNF-α, ICAM-1, SELE, SP-A, and SP-D mRNA in mouse lung tissue

[0180] According to the instructions of the kit, RNA extraction, genomic DNA removal reaction (preparation of genomic DNA removal solution is shown in Table 14), reverse transcription reaction, and termination reaction were performed on lung tissue. The primer sequences are shown in Table 15. According to the instructions, 100 μM primers (i.e., mother solution) were prepared, packaged, and stored at -20°C for standby use. When performing the PCR reaction, 90 μL of DEPC water (i.e., diluted 10 times) was added to each 10 μL of primer mother solution for RT-PCR reaction. According to the instructions (Table 16), 20 μL of PCR reaction system was prepared in eight tubes, and the whole process was carried out on ice. RT-PCR results were analyzed using QuantStudio TM Design & Analysis Software vl.3.0 software to automatically generate amplification curves, and 2-△△Ct was used to calculate the relative expression level of mRNA. 2-△△Ct represents the change fold of the expression of the experimental target gene relative to the control group: -△△Ct = (Ct target - Ct internal reference) other groups - (Ct target - Ct internal reference) healthy control group.

[0181] Table 14 Preparation of genomic DNA removal solution

[0182]

[0183] Table 15 Primer sequence list

[0184]

[0185] Table 16 qPCR reaction system (20 μL)

[0186]

[0187] 6. Statistics

[0188] SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used to analyze the experimental data and the data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The experimental results of each group of data are shown in Figure 2. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison among the groups, and P < 0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant. The statistical graphs were drawn using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1.

[0189] 6.1 Effects of Yiqi Pingchuan Soymilk Powder on Behavior of COPD Mice

[0190] During the experiment, the mice in the normal group had shiny and smooth fur and a normal diet. When weighed and gavaged, they struggled with their limbs vigorously. Compared with the mice in the normal group, the mice in the other smoked groups had dry and yellow fur that fell off easily, their backs were hunched, their activities were weakened, and their weight gain was significantly slower or decreased compared with the healthy control group. Compared with the mice in the model group, the dry and falling hair of the mice in each drug-treated group was improved after medication, their body weight was slightly stable or increased, and their drowsiness was improved.

[0191] 6.2 Effect of Yiqi Pingchuan Soymilk Powder on Body Weight Changes in COPD Mice

[0192] The body weights of mice in each group on the first day, 30 days after modeling, 45 days after modeling (15 days after gavage) and 60 days after modeling (30 days after gavage) are shown in Table 17. The weight changes in each period compared with the previous period are calculated, and the results are shown in Table 18. Since the initial body weights of the groups were different, this experiment investigated the effects of Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder on the nutritional status of mice by comparing the weight changes of the groups during the experiment. The body weight of the normal group increased significantly 30 days after modeling, while the body weights of the other groups increased slowly in the cigarette exposure environment, and the weight gains within 30 days were less than 90% of the normal group, which was significantly different from the normal group ( ** P<0.01; 15 days after the start of intragastric administration, the body weight changes of each group decreased, and the body weight gains of the medium-dose group and the low-dose group were the largest (1.89±0.46g, 2.07±0.36g) ( * P<0.05); the model control group showed a significant negative growth (-2.61±0.53g) at 30 days after intragastric administration, which was significantly different from the normal group ( ** P<0.01, the changes in body weight of the medium-dose group and the dexamethasone group were significantly different from those of the model control group ( * P<0.05), except for the normal group, the medium-dose group had the least weight loss. The body weight reduction of sample groups 2 to 8 was greater than that of the medium-dose group, and was slightly better than that of the low-dose group.

[0193] Table 17 Effect of Yiqi Pingchuan Soy Milk Powder on Body Weight Change of COPD Mice (g, n=6)

[0194]

[0195] Table 18 Changes in body weight of mice in each group before and after intervention (g, n=6)

[0196]

[0197] Note: Compared with the normal group, * P<0.05; compared with the model group, # P<0.05; compared with the dexamethasone group, △ P<0.05.

[0198] 6.3 Lung Histopathology

[0199] In this experiment, HE staining of fat tissue sections was performed on the three dose groups, normal group, model group, and dexamethasone group. The results are shown in Figure 1The results showed that the alveolar tissue structure of mice in the normal group was intact, without obvious inflammatory cell infiltration and bleeding; a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the mice in the model group, and the alveolar walls were destroyed and fused, with a large number of bullae appearing, which was consistent with the pathological changes of lung tissue in mice with COPD; after intervention with Yiqi Pingchuan soy milk powder, the pathological damage of lung tissue was alleviated, the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced, the number of bullae decreased, and the size was more uniform.

[0200] 6.4 Adipose tissue pathology

[0201] In this experiment, HE staining of fat tissue sections was performed on the three dose groups, normal group, model group, and dexamethasone group. The results are shown in Figure 2 The results showed that compared with the normal group, the subcutaneous iWAT of the model group mice was looser and the fat cells were larger in diameter. The white fat tissue cells in the high, medium, low dose groups and positive drug groups became smaller and tighter, with a browning trend. Compared with the normal group, the model group mice had more vacuolar lipid droplets in the fat tissue. The high, medium, low dose groups and positive drug groups had more cells and denser distribution, with obvious brown cell morphology.

[0202] 6.5 Effect of Yiqi Pingchuan Soymilk Powder on the Expression of Inflammatory Factors in COPD Mice

[0203] Compared with the normal group, the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum and BALF of the mice in the other groups were significantly increased (see Table 19). Compared with the model group, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum and BALF of the high- and medium-dose groups were relatively low, and the TNF-α level in the serum of the high-dose group was significantly lower than that of the model group ( # P < 0.05); the positive control group had the lowest TNF-α level in serum and BALF compared with each dose group, the serum IL-6 level in the low-dose group was lower than that in the positive control group, and the inflammatory factor levels in sample groups 2 to 9 were slightly higher than those in the medium-dose group, but there was no statistical significance.

[0204] Table 19 TNF-α and IL-6 levels in serum and BALF (pg / ml, n=6)

[0205]

[0206] Note: Compared with the normal group, * P<0.05, ** P<0.01; compared with the model group, # P<0.05, ## P<0.01; compared with the dexamethasone group, △ P<0.05, △△ P<0.01.

[0207] TNF-α, ICAM-1, SELE, SP-A, SP-D mRNA expression: The results are shown in Table 20. Compared with the normal group, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, ICAM-1, and SELE in the lung tissues of the other groups of mice were increased. The expression of TNF-α mRNA in the tissues of mice in the medium-dose group and the dexamethasone group was the lowest, with no significant difference. The relative expression of TNF-α mRNA in the high-dose group and the low-dose group was similar to that in the control group, indicating that the drug efficacy did not increase with the increase of the drug dose; the relative expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in each medication group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( ## P<0.01), the relative expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in the high, medium and low dose groups was lower than that in the positive drug dexamethasone group, and the difference was statistically significant ( △△ P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the high-dose group had lower TNF-α, ICAM-1, and SELE mRNA levels, and higher SP-D mRNA levels; the low-dose group had higher SP-AmRNA levels than the model group. Sample groups 2 to 9 had a certain anti-inflammatory effect, which was inferior to the medium-dose group, and the difference was not statistically significant.

[0208] Table 20 TNF-α, ICAM-1 and SELE, SP-A, SP-D mRNA expression (n=6, )

[0209]

[0210] 7 Results and Analysis

[0211] According to the results of animal experiments, the weight gain of mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide and smoke operation was significantly slower than that of the normal group, or even showed negative growth. They were tired and weak in daily activities, which was consistent with the malnutrition status of patients with COPD, such as weight loss and skeletal muscle attenuation. After continuous gavage for 15 days, the weight loss of model mice in each group slowed down. Although the weight of mice in each group still showed a downward trend after gavage for 30 days, the degree of weight loss in the high-dose group and the medium-dose group was significantly less than that in the model group, and was similar to the weight loss in the dexamethasone group. According to the results of adipose tissue sections, compared with the abnormal lipid metabolism in the model group, the high-dose group and the medium-dose group had an improvement effect on the pathological states of two adipose tissues, iWAT and BAT. The above results show that Yiqi Pingchuan soy milk powder can alleviate the development of malnutrition in the course of COPD to a certain extent.

[0212] Microscopic lung pathology showed that the alveolar tissue structure of the normal group mice was normal, with clear contours and no bullae. Inflammatory exudates were observed in the model group mice, and the alveolar walls were significantly thinned, ruptured, and fused to form bullae. The conditions of each dose group and the dexamethasone group improved to varying degrees, with less exudate in the bronchial and bronchiolar cavities and a reduced number of bullae. The above results indicate that Yiqi Pingchuan soy milk powder can improve lung inflammation and airflow limitation.

[0213] The expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and TNF-α, ICAM-1, SELE, SP-A, SP-D mRNA in serum, lung tissue and BALF are shown in Tables 19 and 20. The Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder mainly reduces the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6, and affects the levels of inflammatory indicators ICAM-1 and SELE, improves the body's inflammation level and airway hyperresponsiveness, and has little effect on the levels of SP-A and SP-D mRNA. Among them, the Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder made by the preferred extraction method No. 1 is better than other groups of samples in alleviating weight loss, anti-inflammatory and immune regulation. Compared with pure Chinese medicine intervention, Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder has a better effect on improving malnutrition. Compared with pure soy milk intervention, Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder has good anti-inflammatory and immune regulation effects.

[0214] Example 6: Screening test of the auxiliary material composition of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder of the present invention

[0215] Provided is a soy milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma, mainly comprising: 9 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 45 parts of walnut kernels, 7.5 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of angelica, 7.5 parts of ginkgo, 7.5 parts of dried orange peel, 4.5 parts of roasted licorice, 3 parts of jujube; 40.5 parts of soy milk powder, 1.5 parts of duck protein peptide powder; the preparation process of the soy milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma is different from that of Example 1 in that the dry extract powder is evenly mixed with the soy milk powder and the duck protein peptide powder to obtain the soy milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma. The concentration of the medium dose group is selected as the daily dosage for adults, and 0.5g / kg of β-cyclodextrin is added to encapsulate the bitter taste during water extraction according to the amount specified in GB2760 "Food National Safety Standard Food Additives", and cocoa powder is selected to cover the bad smell of traditional Chinese medicine. On this basis, xylitol and oligofructose are selected as sweeteners to reduce the bitter taste, and the best flavor correction prescription is selected by combining electronic tongue with artificial taste evaluation.

[0216] 1 Materials and methods

[0217] 1.1 Instruments and test solutions

[0218] SA-402B electronic tongue (Insent, Japan); ME204E electronic analytical balance (Shanghai Mettler-Toledo Instrument Co., Ltd.); positive electrode cleaning solution, negative electrode cleaning solution and reference solution required for the electronic tongue were prepared by ourselves.

[0219] 1.2 Medicinal materials, food ingredients and food additives

[0220] β-Cyclodextrin (batch number: 20180514) was provided by Henan Wanbang Industrial Co., Ltd.; fructooligosaccharide (batch number: 20170402) was provided by Shandong Bailong Chuangyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; xylitol (edible grade, batch number: 20170603) was provided by Shandong Futian Pharmaceutical; cocoa powder (batch number: 20211229C) was provided by Bozhou Baofeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; water was purified water.

[0221] 2Electronic tongue intelligent sensory evaluation

[0222] 2.1 Design of flavor correction formula for Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder

[0223] The Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder accounts for 70% of the amount consumed each time, and the maximum amount of other flavor correctors (auxiliary materials) allowed to be added accounts for 30% of the amount consumed each time. Cocoa powder with different proportions was selected to be compatible with oligofructose and xylitol, and the differences in the flavor correction effect and taste characteristics of cocoa powder and different sugars were compared. The 9 flavor corrector prescription designs of Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder are shown in Table 21.

[0224] Table 21 Prescription design of the combination of Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder and flavor correctives (%)

[0225]

[0226] 2.2 Basic methods of electronic tongue measurement

[0227] According to the prescription design in Table 21, add Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder and flavoring agent, add 250ml boiling water, stir to fully dissolve, cool naturally, and filter to obtain the test solution. Pour the test solution of each sample into a small plastic cup specially used for electronic tongue testing, 25ml per cup, and pour 24 cups for each test solution. Record the response value of each taste sensor, collect 3 parallel measurement data and take the average value. The larger the value, the stronger the taste. The results are shown in Table 22.

[0228] Table 22 Taste index values ​​of different flavor corrective combinations

[0229]

[0230] 2.3 Evaluation of electronic tongue taste index values ​​by AHP-CRITIC weight analysis method

[0231] According to the importance of the measured index to taste, the 9 indexes are divided into 9 levels, the relative importance of the targets at the same level is compared, and the judgment priority matrix for paired comparison is constructed. The priority order of the 9 taste index values ​​is sweetness > umami > richness > bitterness > astringency > sourness > bitter aftertaste > astringent aftertaste > saltiness, see Table 23. The weight coefficients of the 9 indexes calculated by the AHP method are 0.3081, 0.2235, 0.1570, 0.1084, 0.0743, 0.0509, 0.0352, 0.0247, and 0.0179, respectively, and the consistency ratio factor (CR) = 0.035 < 0.1, indicating that the matrix meets the consistency requirements and the weight coefficients are reasonable and effective.

[0232] Table 23 Electronic tongue indicator component comparison judgment priority matrix

[0233]

[0234] Note: Wi represents the normalized weight coefficient; λmax represents the maximum characteristic root; CR represents the consistency ratio factor.

[0235] Each flavoring agent combination has compatibility variation factors and interactions with the taste components of soybean milk powder. It is biased to simply use subjective weighting, namely the AHP method, to determine the weight coefficient. The CRITIC method uses standard deviation to reflect the comparison strength between indicators. The larger the standard deviation, the greater the amount of information reflected by the sample. The indicators were first normalized using SPSS25.0 software, and the matrix was calculated using SPSSPRO. The results of the indicator variability (Si), indicator conflict (Ri), information content (Ci) and weight (Wi) of each indicator are shown in Table 24.

[0236] Table 24 Calculation data related to the electronic tongue CRITIC method

[0237]

[0238] The AHP method is used to quantify the priority information of the comparison and judgment of each indicator. The CRITIC method objectively determines the weight coefficient of each indicator. The AHP-CRITIC mixed weighting method is used to combine the two methods to make the evaluation results scientific and reasonable. According to the formula W AHPCRITIC =W AHPij ×W CRITICij / ∑W AHPij W CRITICijThe weight coefficients of the characteristic components were 0.4513, 0.1033, 0.0938, 0.0244, 0.0170, 0.13819, 0.0125, 0.1015, and 0.0577, respectively. The comprehensive score was calculated based on the formula [sweetness / maximum sweetness × 0.4513 + sourness / maximum sourness × 0.1033 + bitterness / maximum bitterness × 0.0938 + bitter aftertaste / maximum bitter aftertaste

[0239] ×0.0244+astringent aftertaste / maximum astringent aftertaste×0.0170+umami / maximum umami×0.1382+salty / maximum saltiness×0.0824+richness / maximum richness×0.0762+astringency / maximum astringency×0.0916]×100. Finally, the three scoring results and rankings are shown in Table 25.

[0240] Table 25 Comprehensive evaluation results of three weighting methods

[0241]

[0242] As shown in Table 25, the highest and lowest scores calculated by the AHP method and the CRITIC method are both 4 and 1; the highest and lowest scores calculated by the AHP-CRITIC mixed weighted method are 8 and 2, respectively. From the ranking results, the difference between the AHP method and the CRITIC method is not large. The three groups of scores were analyzed by SPSS25.0 software. The correlation coefficients of AHP and CRITIC, AHP and AHP-CRITIC, and CRITIC and AHP-CRITIC were 0.792, 0.245, and 0.123, respectively. Among them, the correlation between AHP and CRITIC was significant (P=0.011<0.05). From the analysis of weight coefficients, the correlation coefficient between AHP and CRITIC was 0.148, and the correlation between the two was not significant (P=0.704>0.05), indicating that the score results of AHP and CRITIC are consistent, but the information reflected is not superimposed, and the information reflected by AHP-CRITIC is more comprehensive.

[0243] 3. Artificial Taste Sensory Evaluation

[0244] 3.1 Design of artificial oral tasting test prescription

[0245] According to the results of the electronic tongue intelligent sensory evaluation, sample No. 8, which contained 10% cocoa powder and 20% xylitol, ranked first, sample No. 4, which contained 20% cocoa powder and 10% xylitol, ranked second overall, and ranked first in the AHP and CRITIC evaluations. Oligofructose had a negative impact on the overall taste of soy milk, so the Qi-invigorating and Asthma-relieving soy milk powder was finally determined to be flavored with cocoa powder and xylitol. Based on the concentration of the combination of samples No. 8 and No. 4, the prescription was designed by increasing or decreasing the concentration of xylitol, with the increase or decrease range set at 1%. The design of the artificial tasting prescription is shown in Table 26.

[0246] Table 26 Artificial oral tasting prescription design (%)

[0247]

[0248] 3.2 Screening and evaluation criteria for artificial oral tasting volunteers

[0249] 10 panelists with high recognition ability (5 males and 5 females, average age 24 years old) were selected for sensory evaluation. 4 hours before the evaluation, panelists were not allowed to smoke, drink, or eat food with strong odor. Soy milk powder and flavoring agents were added according to the prescription design in Table 9, 300 ml of boiling water was added, stirred to fully dissolve, cooled naturally to 60 ° C and placed in a tasting cup, 25 ml per cup, held in the mouth by volunteers, swallowed slowly after 5 seconds, so that the oral cavity can fully feel the taste of the sample, and then rinsed the mouth three times, and the next group of sample solutions was measured after 10 minutes. Volunteers rated according to their own taste evaluation standards (see Table 27). In order to ensure the accuracy of the results, the experiment was conducted in a randomized, single-blind manner. Bitterness, astringency, sweetness, and umami were used as evaluation indicators, and the results were arranged in order of level, with bitterness and astringency from small to large, ranked from 1 to 10, with sweetness and umami at level 1 being the smallest, and umami and sweetness at level 1 being the largest.

[0250] Table 27 Taste evaluation criteria

[0251]

[0252] 3.3 Results of manual tasting evaluation

[0253] The sensory evaluation results were averaged and the rank sum (Kruskal-Wallis H) test for comparison of multiple independent samples, also known as the rank consistency test, was used. The results are shown in Table 28. Substituting the data in Table 28 into the formula S = ∑R i2 -(∑R i )2 / n and χ 2 =12S / mn(n+1), for this experiment m=4, n=6, we get S=281.33, χ 2=20.095. According to the rank sum test table, P<0.05, the result is statistically significant, and the effects of different proportions of flavoring agents on the taste of Yiqi Pingchuan soybean milk powder are significantly different. Sample No. 12, i.e., the combination of 11% cocoa powder and 19% xylitol, has the best taste in the comprehensive evaluation.

[0254] Table 28 Artificial taste sensory evaluation grade consistency test table

[0255]

[0256] 4 Results

[0257] This experiment uses the method of electronic intelligent sensory evaluation combined with artificial tasting evaluation. First, the combination of flavoring agents is preliminarily screened, and the applicable scope of flavoring agents is objectively and quickly narrowed down to make the flavoring results scientific and reasonable, and then combined with artificial tasting to make the taste optimization more accurate. The AHP-CRITIC comprehensive weighted method is used to process the corresponding values ​​of each taste of the electronic tongue to calculate the comprehensive score, combining subjective weighting with objective quantification to make the result more scientific and reasonable. The rank sum test of multiple independent sample comparisons was used for the artificial tasting evaluation data, and the final flavoring combination was determined as: cocoa powder accounts for 11% and xylitol accounts for 19%. The AHP-CRITIC mixed weighted method for processing the electronic tongue intelligent sensory evaluation data is a method rarely used in the past to optimize the flavoring combination, and it has a certain novelty and reference value.

[0258] The contents explained in the above embodiments should be understood as these embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A soy milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-12 portions of Codonopsis pilosula, 30-60 portions of walnut kernels, 5-10 portions of Astragalus membranaceus, 4-8 portions of Angelica sinensis, 5-10 portions of Ginkgo, 5-10 portions of Tangerine peel, 3-6 portions of Roasted Licorice, 2-4 portions of Jujube, 27-54 portions of Soy milk powder, and 1-2 portions of Duck protein peptide powder.

2. A soy milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 30-60 parts of walnut kernels, 5-10 parts of astragalus, 4-8 parts of angelica, 5-10 parts of ginkgo, 5-10 parts of tangerine peel, 3-6 parts of roasted licorice, 2-4 parts of jujube, 27-54 parts of soy milk powder, 1-2 parts of duck protein peptide powder, 5.8-11.6 parts of cocoa powder and 10-20 parts of xylitol.

3. The Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to claim 2, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 45 parts of walnut kernels, 7.5 parts of Astragalus, 6 parts of Angelica sinensis, 7.5 parts of Ginkgo, 7.5 parts of Tangerine peel, 4.5 parts of Roasted Licorice, 3 parts of Jujube, 40.5 parts of Soymilk Powder, 1.5 parts of Duck Protein Peptide Powder, 8.7 parts of Cocoa Powder, and 15 parts of Xylitol.

4. A preparation process of a soybean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma, characterized in that: The Qi-benefiting and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder is the Qi-benefiting and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to claim 2 or 3, comprising the following steps: S1, extracting Codonopsis pilosula with alcohol, separating solid from liquid, and obtaining Codonopsis pilosula residue and a first extract; Performing alcohol extraction on ginkgo nuts and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain ginkgo nut residues and a second extract; S2, walnut kernel, astragalus, angelica, tangerine peel, licorice, jujube and codonopsis pilosula residue, ginkgo residue after mixing, and then carry out multiple water extraction, solid-liquid separation, to obtain the residue and the third extract; S3, mixing the first extract, the second extract, and the third extract, and concentrating them to obtain a concentrated solution; S4, drying the concentrated liquid to obtain dry extract powder; S5. Evenly mix the dry extract powder with soybean milk powder, duck protein peptide powder, cocoa powder and xylitol to obtain the soybean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma.

5. The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the alcohol used for extracting Codonopsis pilosula is an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 50%-70%, the solid-liquid ratio (mass / volume) is 1:20-1:30, the extraction time is 1-2h, and the extraction temperature is 60-80°C; the alcohol used for extracting Ginkgo is an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 30%-50%, the solid-liquid ratio (mass / volume) is 1:5-1:10, the extraction temperature is 80-90°C, and reflux is performed 2-4 times, each time for 1h.

6. The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, water extraction is performed at least twice. During the first water extraction, the soaking time is 0.5-3h, the solid-liquid ratio (mass / volume) is 1:10-1:24, and the extraction time is 1-2.5h; during the second water extraction, the soaking time is 0.5-3h, the solid-liquid ratio (mass / volume) is 1:8-1:22, and the extraction time is 0.5-2h.

7. The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, reduced pressure concentration is adopted at 45-55°C, 60-80r / mim, and 35-45hPa.

8. The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the density of the concentrated solution is 1.1-1.3 g / ml.

9. The preparation process of the Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the concentrated solution is spray-dried or freeze-dried.

10. An application of soybean milk powder for invigorating qi and relieving asthma, characterized in that: The Qi-invigorating and asthma-relieving soybean milk powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used for preparing a medicine for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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