A method and device for evaluating plant root growth in a vegetated concrete

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of phytogenic concrete plant root system growth evaluation method and device, belong to road engineering field, solve the problem of high difficulty, time-consuming and labor-consuming and low accuracy in plant root system growth characteristics evaluation in prior art.The method comprises: the transparent aggregate of certain porosity is placed in transparent box body, and the transparent phytogenic concrete is obtained by inserting and tamping predetermined times.Planting soil and water are mixed into flow slurry and then poured into transparent phytogenic concrete.In the surface of transparent phytogenic concrete, planting soil is scattered, and plant seeds are planted.The plant growth environment parameters are adjusted.The planting soil in transparent phytogenic concrete is washed away after planting plant seeds for a certain number of days.The all-around perspective image of plant root system is collected.The plant growth parameters are obtained by analyzing the perspective image.The plant root system growth characteristics can be evaluated without digging out the plant, which saves time and effort, reduces the difficulty of plant root system growth characteristics evaluation, and improves the accuracy of plant root system growth characteristics evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of road engineering technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for evaluating the root growth of plants in a plant-grown concrete structure. Background Technology

[0002] Vegetated concrete uses a porous concrete slab of a certain thickness as a framework, with the pores filled with a vegetation substrate mixed with plant seeds. As the seeds germinate and grow, the roots gradually penetrate the porous concrete and grow into the lower soil layer, fixing the porous concrete slab to the slope and making the vegetation, concrete and slope a whole, thus playing the role of soil protection and slope stabilization.

[0003] Plant roots are important organs for plants to absorb water and nutrients and perform a series of other synthetic processes. Their developmental state directly affects the growth behavior of the above-ground parts of the plant. At the same time, the process of plant roots growing in the pores will inevitably have a certain impact on the mechanical properties of planted concrete. Therefore, it is very necessary to evaluate the growth characteristics of plant roots in planted concrete.

[0004] Currently, because plant roots penetrate porous concrete and sink into the underlying soil, they are not directly observable. Therefore, evaluating plant root growth characteristics requires excavating the plant, making the evaluation process difficult, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. Furthermore, the irregular growth patterns of plant roots mean that excavation may damage the root system, affecting the accuracy of the evaluation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and apparatus for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete, which solves the problems of high difficulty, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and low accuracy in evaluating the root growth characteristics of plants in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete, the method comprising:

[0007] Transparent aggregate with a certain porosity is placed in a transparent box with a permeable bottom and tamped a predetermined number of times to obtain transparent vegetation concrete.

[0008] The planting soil is mixed with water to form a flowing slurry, which is then poured into the transparent vegetated concrete.

[0009] Planting soil is spread on the transparent vegetated concrete surface, and plant seeds are planted at a certain density.

[0010] Adjusting plant growth environment parameters, including photosynthetic photon flux, photon flux density, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, ambient temperature, and temperature change rate;

[0011] Water is poured into the transparent box after the plant seeds have been planted for a certain number of days to wash away the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete.

[0012] Collect 360-degree perspective images of plant root systems;

[0013] Plant growth parameters are obtained by analyzing the perspective image, including root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter.

[0014] Root growth is evaluated based on the plant growth parameters.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the porosity of the transparent aggregate is 20%-30%.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the transparent aggregate has a visible light transmittance > 75% and a transparency > 80%.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the slurry has a fluidity of 8s-15s, a pH value of 5.5-7.5, and a setting time of 1h-8h.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the spreading of planting soil on the transparent vegetated concrete surface and the planting of plant seeds at a certain density specifically includes:

[0019] Spread planting soil on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete;

[0020] Divide the surface of the planting soil into multiple areas to be planted;

[0021] Plant seeds of a certain planting density are sown in each of the areas to be planted;

[0022] Spread a layer of planting soil, 3-5 cm thick, over the plant seeds.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the planting density of plant seeds is <50g / m².

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, evaluating root growth based on the plant growth parameters specifically includes:

[0025] Root growth characteristic index P is calculated based on the plant growth parameters to evaluate root growth.

[0026] The formula for calculating the root growth characteristic index P is as follows:

[0027] P=v×0.2+(h+w)×0.15+(n+b+z)×0.1

[0028] In the above formula, v represents the root volume, h represents the maximum depth, w represents the maximum growth width, n represents the number of roots, b represents the root-to-shoot ratio, and z represents the diameter of the main root system.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the range of the photosynthetic photon flux is 1100 μmol·s⁻¹. -1 -2100 μmol·s -1 The adjustable range of the quantum flux density is 30 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 -800 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The adjustment range of the rainfall intensity is 0.2 L / (min·m). 2 )-1.5L / (min·m 2 The duration of rainfall is adjustable from 0h to 24h, the ambient temperature is adjustable from 0℃ to 65℃, and the rate of temperature change is adjustable from 5℃ / h to 10℃ / h.

[0030] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a device for evaluating the root growth of plants in planted concrete, applicable to the aforementioned method for evaluating the root growth of plants in planted concrete. The device includes a test chamber, a planting box, a water spraying mechanism, a light simulation mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, an image acquisition mechanism, a ventilation mechanism, and scales. The test chamber is a transparent box. The planting box is located within the inner cavity of the test chamber and is a transparent box with an open top and a permeable bottom. The planting box is used to hold transparent aggregate. Multiple scales are provided on the side wall of the planting box. The water spraying mechanism, the light simulation mechanism, and the temperature control mechanism are all located within the test chamber, with the water spraying mechanism and the light simulation mechanism positioned above the planting box. The ventilation mechanism is located on the side wall of the test chamber. The image acquisition mechanism is located within the test chamber and is used to acquire omnidirectional perspective images of the plant roots. The image acquisition mechanism and the control system are communicatively connected.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the plant root growth evaluation device for vegetated concrete further includes a temperature and humidity meter; the temperature and humidity meter is installed inside the test chamber; the temperature and humidity meter, the water spraying mechanism, the light simulation mechanism, the temperature control mechanism, and the ventilation mechanism are all communicatively connected to the control system.

[0032] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0033] This invention provides a method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete. The method includes: placing transparent aggregate with a certain porosity into a transparent box with a permeable bottom, and tamping it a predetermined number of times to obtain transparent vegetated concrete. Mixing planting soil with water to form a flowing slurry and pouring it into the transparent vegetated concrete. Spreading planting soil on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete and planting plant seeds at a certain density. Adjusting plant growth environmental parameters, including photosynthetic photon flux, photon flux density, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, ambient temperature, and temperature change rate. After planting the plant seeds for a certain number of days, watering the transparent box to wash away the planting soil within the transparent vegetated concrete. Acquiring omnidirectional perspective images of the plant root system. Analyzing the perspective images to obtain plant growth parameters, including root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter. Evaluating root growth based on these parameters. This application eliminates the need to excavate the plant to evaluate root growth characteristics, saving time and effort, reducing the difficulty of evaluating plant root growth characteristics, and improving the accuracy of evaluation. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plant root growth evaluation device for vegetated concrete provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Icons: 1-Test chamber; 2-Growth box; 3-Water spraying mechanism; 4-Light simulation mechanism; 5-Temperature control mechanism; 6-Image acquisition mechanism; 7-Ventilation mechanism; 8-Scale; 9-Temperature and humidity meter; 10-LCD display screen. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete, including:

[0041] Step 101: Place transparent aggregate with a certain porosity into a transparent box with a permeable bottom, and tamp it a predetermined number of times to obtain transparent planted concrete. Specifically, the transparent aggregate is cubic in shape, with a size range of 10mm-20mm. In practical applications, after the transparent aggregate is placed into the transparent box, it is gently tamped 50 times with a rubber rod to ensure the looseness of the transparent aggregate.

[0042] In practical applications, when designing aggregate gradation, the porosity is set as S, the aggregate mass is M, and the aggregate density is ρ. The relationship between aggregate and porosity per unit cubic volume can be calculated using the following formula to obtain the required mass of transparent aggregate for different volumes of vegetation concrete.

[0043]

[0044] Step 102: Mix the planting soil with water to form a flowing slurry, then pour it into the transparent vegetated concrete. Specifically, the raw materials for the planting soil are clay, sand, vermiculite, and peat.

[0045] Step 103: Spread planting soil on the transparent vegetated concrete surface and plant plant seeds at a certain density.

[0046] Step 104: Adjust the plant growth environment parameters, including photosynthetic photon flux, photon flux density, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, ambient temperature, and temperature change rate. In practical applications, by adjusting the plant growth environment parameters, the plant growth environment under different seasons, temperatures, and rainfall conditions in the selected region can be simulated.

[0047] Step 105: After a certain number of days of planting the plant seeds, water the transparent container to wash away the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete. Specifically, after a certain number of days of planting the plant seeds, use a combination of strong water flow and soaking to wash away the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete.

[0048] Step 106: Acquire omnidirectional perspective images of the plant root system. In practical applications, since the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete is washed away, it is not necessary to dig out the plant to acquire omnidirectional perspective images of the plant root system to evaluate its growth characteristics. This saves time and effort, thereby reducing the difficulty of evaluating plant root growth characteristics and improving the accuracy of such evaluations.

[0049] Step 107: Analyze the perspective image to obtain plant growth parameters, including root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter. Specifically, after acquiring a 360-degree perspective image of the plant root system, image recognition is performed using the OpenCV algorithm, and the root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter are obtained quantitatively through proportional analysis.

[0050] Step 108: Evaluate root growth based on plant growth parameters. In practical applications, if there is more than one plant, calculate the average of the above-mentioned root growth parameters for all plants. This value is a positive indicator (the larger the value, the better the growth characteristics), thus allowing for the evaluation of root growth characteristics.

[0051] This invention provides a method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete. The method includes: placing transparent aggregate with a certain porosity into a transparent box with a permeable bottom, and tamping it a predetermined number of times to obtain transparent vegetated concrete. Mixing planting soil with water to form a flowing slurry and pouring it into the transparent vegetated concrete. Spreading planting soil on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete and planting plant seeds at a certain density. Adjusting plant growth environmental parameters, including photosynthetic photon flux, photon flux density, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, ambient temperature, and temperature change rate. After planting the plant seeds for a certain number of days, watering the transparent box to wash away the planting soil within the transparent vegetated concrete. Acquiring omnidirectional perspective images of the plant root system. Analyzing the perspective images to obtain plant growth parameters, including root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter. Evaluating root growth based on these parameters. This application eliminates the need to excavate the plant to evaluate root growth characteristics, saving time and effort, reducing the difficulty of evaluating plant root growth characteristics, and improving the accuracy of evaluation.

[0052] In practical applications, the porosity of transparent aggregate is 20%-30%. Specifically, porosity refers to the proportion of void volume in the bulk volume of loose granular material. Setting the porosity of transparent aggregate between 20% and 30% can ensure the healthy growth of plant roots.

[0053] Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the transparent aggregate is >75%, and its transparency is >80%. In practical applications, it is not necessary to dig out the plants; simply clean the planting soil inside the transparent box and then collect a 360-degree perspective image of the plant roots. Therefore, the visible light transmittance of the transparent aggregate is set to >75%, and its transparency to >80% to ensure that the transparent aggregate does not affect the accuracy of the 360-degree perspective image of the plant roots.

[0054] In practical applications, the slurry has a flowability of 8-15 seconds, a pH value of 5.5-7.5, and a setting time of 1-8 hours. Specifically, during plant cultivation, the slurry is prepared with different flowability, pH values, and setting times depending on the type of plant to ensure better seed growth.

[0055] In practical applications, planting soil is spread on the surface of transparent vegetated concrete, and plant seeds are planted at a certain density, specifically including:

[0056] Spread planting soil on the surface of transparent vegetated concrete.

[0057] The surface of the planting soil is divided into multiple areas to be planted.

[0058] Plant seeds of a certain planting density are scattered in each area to be planted.

[0059] Spread a layer of planting soil, 3-5 cm thick, over the plant seeds. Specifically, divide the surface of the planting soil into five planting areas arranged in a quincunx pattern. Then, spread plant seeds at a certain planting density in each planting area to avoid excessive seed aggregation that could hinder root identification.

[0060] Specifically, the planting density of plant seeds should be <50g / m². In practical applications, the planting density of plant seeds should be set at <50g / m². 2 This is to avoid the large accumulation of plant seeds affecting the recognition effect of plant roots.

[0061] In practical applications, evaluating root growth based on plant growth parameters specifically includes:

[0062] Root growth characteristic index P is calculated based on plant growth parameters to evaluate root growth.

[0063] The formula for calculating the root growth characteristic index P is as follows:

[0064] P=v×0.2+(h+w)×0.15+(n+b+z)×0.1

[0065] In the above formula, v represents root volume, h represents maximum depth, w represents maximum growth width, n represents number of roots, b represents root-to-shoot ratio, and z represents taproot diameter. Specifically, the root growth characteristic index P can be calculated based on the above formula. The root growth characteristic index P is a positive indicator; the higher its value, the better the growth of the plant's roots. Therefore, root growth characteristics can be evaluated through the root growth characteristic index P.

[0066] Specifically, the adjustable range of photosynthetic photon flux is 1100 μmol·s⁻¹. -1 -2100 μmol·s -1 The adjustable range of the photon flux density is 30 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 -800 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The adjustment range for rainfall intensity is 0.2 L / (min·m). 2 )-1.5L / (min·m 2 The adjustment ranges for rainfall duration (0-24h), ambient temperature (0℃-65℃), and temperature change rate (5℃ / h-10℃ / h). In practical applications, photosynthetic photon flux, quantum flux density, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, ambient temperature, and temperature change rate are adjusted according to the environment of the selected experimental area to simulate plant growth environments in different regions. Simultaneously, it can also simulate plant growth environments under different seasons, temperatures, and rainfall conditions within the same region.

[0067] To more clearly demonstrate the present invention, specific operational examples are given below:

[0068] Example 1: Xi'an was selected as the test area.

[0069] The density of the transparent aggregate used is 2400 kg / m³. 3 Assuming the porosity of the transparent aggregate is 25%, the mass of the transparent aggregate per unit cubic volume can be calculated to be 1800 kg; assuming the dimensions of the planted concrete are 40cm × 10cm × 40cm = 0.016m. 3 Therefore, an aggregate mass of 0.016m is required. 3 ×1800kg=28.8kg; Place the transparent aggregate in a transparent box with a permeable bottom, and gently tamp it 50 times with a rubber rod to obtain transparent vegetation concrete.

[0070] The planting soil (65% clay, 15% sand, 10% vermiculite, and 10% peat) was mixed with water to form a flowing slurry, which was then poured into the transparent vegetated concrete. The slurry had a flowability of 12 seconds, a pH of 6.8, and a setting time of 3 hours.

[0071] After the grout is poured into the transparent vegetated concrete, planting soil is spread on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete. The surface of the planting soil is divided into five planting areas, which are arranged in a quincunx pattern. In each planting area, a planting density of 5g / m² is spread. 2 Alfalfa seeds; spread planting soil on the alfalfa seeds to cover them, with a soil layer 3 cm thick.

[0072] Based on data on climate, sunlight, and rainfall in Xi'an, alfalfa growth environmental parameters were adjusted, and the photosynthetic photon flux was adjusted to 1100 μmol·s⁻¹. -1 The photon flux density was adjusted to 50 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Irradiation for 5 hours per day, with rainfall intensity adjusted to 0.3 L / (min·m). 2 The duration of rainfall is adjusted to 10 minutes per day, the ambient temperature is adjusted to 20℃ between 10:00 and 16:00, and to 5℃ for the rest of the time.

[0073] After planting in the above-mentioned growing environment for 15 days, the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete is washed away by a combination of strong water flow and soaking.

[0074] A 360-degree perspective image of alfalfa root system was collected, and image recognition was performed using the OpenCV algorithm. First, the data format was modified using the place parameter, then a feature point detection class was created using SIFT, and some configurations of the feature point extractor were added. Feature points were extracted based on FAST feature detection and BRIEF feature descriptors, and then imported into the image for recognition. Finally, matching and recognition were performed, and the root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter were obtained through proportional analysis and quantification. If there was more than one plant, the average values ​​of the above parameters for the roots of all plants were calculated.

[0075] Example 2: Nanjing was selected as the test area.

[0076] The density of the transparent aggregate used is 2400 kg / m³. 3 Assuming the porosity of the transparent aggregate is 25%, the mass of the transparent aggregate per unit cubic volume can be calculated to be 1800 kg; assuming the dimensions of the planted concrete are 40cm × 10cm × 40cm = 0.016m. 3 Therefore, an aggregate mass of 0.016m is required. 3×1800kg=28.8kg; Place the transparent aggregate in a transparent box with a permeable bottom, and gently tamp it 50 times with a rubber rod to obtain transparent vegetation concrete.

[0077] The planting soil (65% clay, 15% sand, 10% vermiculite, and 10% peat) was mixed with water to form a flowing slurry, which was then poured into the transparent vegetated concrete. The slurry had a flowability of 12 seconds, a pH of 6.8, and a setting time of 3 hours.

[0078] After the grout is poured into the transparent vegetated concrete, planting soil is spread on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete. The surface of the planting soil is divided into five planting areas, which are arranged in a quincunx pattern. In each planting area, a planting density of 5g / m² is spread. 2 Alfalfa seeds; spread planting soil on the alfalfa seeds to cover them, with a soil layer 3 cm thick.

[0079] Based on data on Nanjing's climate, sunlight, and rainfall, alfalfa growth environmental parameters were adjusted, with the photosynthetic photon flux set to 1800 μmol·s⁻¹. -1 The photon flux density was adjusted to 80 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Irradiation for 6 hours per day, with rainfall intensity adjusted to 0.4 L / (min·m). 2 The duration of rainfall is adjusted to 20 minutes per day, the ambient temperature is adjusted to 25℃ between 10:00 and 16:00, and to 8℃ for the rest of the time.

[0080] After planting in the above-mentioned growing environment for 15 days, the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete is washed away by a combination of strong water flow and soaking.

[0081] A 360-degree perspective image of alfalfa root system was collected, and image recognition was performed using the OpenCV algorithm. First, the data format was modified using the place parameter, then a feature point detection class was created using SIFT, and some configurations of the feature point extractor were added. Feature points were extracted based on FAST feature detection and BRIEF feature descriptors, and then imported into the image for recognition. Finally, matching and recognition were performed, and the root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter were obtained through proportional analysis and quantification. If there was more than one plant, the average values ​​of the above parameters for the roots of all plants were calculated.

[0082] Comparing the plant growth parameters of Example 1 and Example 2, we can obtain Table 1:

[0083] Table 1

[0084]

[0085] Specifically, since root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter are positive indicators, the larger the value, the better the growth characteristics. It can be concluded that under the condition of changing alfalfa growth environment parameters, the alfalfa root growth characteristic index of Example 2 is 6.96, which is higher than the alfalfa root growth characteristic index of Example 1 (6.18). Therefore, the growth environment parameters in Example 2 can be recommended as the optimal planting parameters for planted concrete.

[0086] Example 3: The experimental area was selected as Hanzhong.

[0087] The density of the transparent aggregate used is 2400 kg / m³. 3 Assuming the porosity of the transparent aggregate is 20%, the mass of the transparent aggregate per unit cubic volume can be calculated to be 1920 kg; assuming the dimensions of the planted concrete are 30cm × 10cm × 30cm = 0.009m. 3 Therefore, an aggregate mass of 0.009m is required. 3 ×1920kg=17.28kg; Transparent aggregate is placed in a transparent box with a permeable bottom and gently tamped 50 times with a rubber rod to obtain transparent vegetation concrete.

[0088] The planting soil (65% clay, 15% sand, 10% vermiculite, and 10% peat) was mixed with water to form a flowing slurry, which was then poured into the transparent vegetated concrete. The slurry had a flowability of 13 seconds, a pH of 7.1, and a setting time of 3.5 hours.

[0089] After the grout is poured into the transparent vegetated concrete, planting soil is spread on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete. The surface of the planting soil is divided into five planting areas, which are arranged in a quincunx pattern. In each planting area, a planting density of 5g / m² is spread. 2 Seeds of Corona vulgaris; spread planting soil on the Corona vulgaris seeds to cover them, with a soil layer 3 cm thick.

[0090] Based on data on climate, sunlight, and rainfall in Hanzhong, the growth environment parameters of *Corona vulgaris* were adjusted, and the photosynthetic photon flux was adjusted to 1300 μmol·s⁻¹. -1 The photon flux density was adjusted to 56 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Irradiation for 5.5 hours per day, with rainfall intensity adjusted to 0.4 L / (min·m). 2 The duration of rainfall is adjusted to 15 minutes per day, the ambient temperature is adjusted to 23℃ between 10:00 and 16:00, and to 7℃ during other times.

[0091] After planting in the above-mentioned growing environment for 15 days, the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete is washed away by a combination of strong water flow and soaking.

[0092] A full-view perspective image of the root system of *Corona vulgaris* was collected. Image recognition was performed using the OpenCV algorithm. First, the data format was modified using the place parameter. Then, a feature point detection class was created using SIFT, and some configurations for the feature point extractor were added. Feature points were extracted based on FAST feature detection and BRIEF feature descriptors. The images were then imported for recognition. Finally, matching and recognition were performed. Root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter were obtained through proportional analysis and quantification. If there were more than one plant, the average values ​​of the above parameters for the roots of all plants were calculated.

[0093] Example 4: The experimental area was selected as Hanzhong.

[0094] The density of the transparent aggregate used is 2400 kg / m³. 3 Assuming the porosity of the transparent aggregate is 30%, the mass of the transparent aggregate per unit cubic volume can be calculated to be 1680 kg; assuming the dimensions of the planted concrete are 30cm × 10cm × 30cm = 0.009m. 3 Therefore, an aggregate mass of 0.009m is required. 3 ×1680kg=15.12kg; Transparent aggregate is placed in a transparent box with a permeable bottom, and gently tamped 50 times with a rubber rod to obtain transparent vegetation concrete.

[0095] The planting soil (65% clay, 15% sand, 10% vermiculite, and 10% peat) was mixed with water to form a flowing slurry, which was then poured into the transparent vegetated concrete. The slurry had a flowability of 13 seconds, a pH of 7.1, and a setting time of 3.5 hours.

[0096] After the grout is poured into the transparent vegetated concrete, planting soil is spread on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete. The surface of the planting soil is divided into five planting areas, which are arranged in a quincunx pattern. In each planting area, a planting density of 5g / m² is spread. 2 Seeds of Corona vulgaris; spread planting soil on the Corona vulgaris seeds to cover them, with a soil layer 3 cm thick.

[0097] Based on data on climate, sunlight, and rainfall in Hanzhong, the growth environment parameters of *Corona vulgaris* were adjusted, and the photosynthetic photon flux was adjusted to 1300 μmol·s⁻¹. -1 The photon flux density was adjusted to 56 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Irradiation for 5.5 hours per day, with rainfall intensity adjusted to 0.4 L / (min·m). 2 The duration of rainfall is adjusted to 15 minutes per day, the ambient temperature is adjusted to 23℃ between 10:00 and 16:00, and to 7℃ during other times.

[0098] After planting in the above-mentioned growing environment for 15 days, the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete is washed away by a combination of strong water flow and soaking.

[0099] A full-view perspective image of the root system of *Corona vulgaris* was collected. Image recognition was performed using the OpenCV algorithm. First, the data format was modified using the place parameter. Then, a feature point detection class was created using SIFT, and some configurations for the feature point extractor were added. Feature points were extracted based on FAST feature detection and BRIEF feature descriptors. The images were then imported for recognition. Finally, matching and recognition were performed. Root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter were obtained through proportional analysis and quantification. If there were more than one plant, the average values ​​of the above parameters for the roots of all plants were calculated.

[0100] Comparing the plant growth parameters of Example 3 and Example 4, we can obtain Table 2:

[0101] Table 2

[0102]

[0103] Specifically, since root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter are positive indicators, the larger the value, the better the growth characteristics. It can be concluded that under the condition of changing the porosity of Corona vulgaris growth, the root growth characteristic index of Corona vulgaris in Example 4 is 6.35, which is higher than the root growth characteristic index of Corona vulgaris in Example 3 (5.57). Therefore, it can be seen that when the porosity is 30%, the root growth characteristics of Corona vulgaris are better. Thus, a porosity of 30% can be recommended as the optimal planting parameter for planted concrete.

[0104] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a device for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete. This device is applicable to the aforementioned method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete and includes a test chamber 1, a planting box 2, a water spraying mechanism 3, a light simulation mechanism 4, a temperature control mechanism 5, an image acquisition mechanism 6, a ventilation mechanism 7, and a scale 8. The test chamber 1 is a transparent box.

[0105] In practical applications, planting box 2 is placed inside the test chamber 1. Planting box 2 is a transparent box with an open top and a permeable bottom, used to hold transparent aggregate. Specifically, planting box 2 is made of transparent material such as glass or acrylic with a transparency greater than 85%; the length of planting box 2 is 40cm to 60cm, the width of planting box 2 is 5cm to 15cm, and the height of planting box 2 is 40cm to 60cm; the top of planting box 2 is open, the bottom is a permeable baffle, and the other sides are closed.

[0106] Reference Figure 2As shown, multiple rulers 8 are provided on the side wall of the planting box 2. Specifically, the rulers 8 serve as reference objects to calibrate the size of the root system after the image acquisition mechanism 6 acquires a 360-degree perspective image of the plant root system.

[0107] In practical applications, the water spraying mechanism 3, the light simulation mechanism 4, and the temperature control mechanism 5 are all located inside the test chamber 1, with the water spraying mechanism 3 and the light simulation mechanism 4 positioned above the planting box 2. The ventilation mechanism 7 is located on the side wall of the test chamber 1. Specifically, the water spraying mechanism 3, the light simulation mechanism 4, the temperature control mechanism 5, and the ventilation mechanism 7 are used to change the environmental parameters within the test chamber 1, thereby simulating the plant growth environment in different regions. They can also simulate the plant growth environment under different seasons, temperatures, and rainfall conditions in the same region. Furthermore, the light simulation mechanism 4 is a full-spectrum LED fluorescent lamp.

[0108] Specifically, the image acquisition mechanism 6 is installed inside the test chamber 1 to acquire omnidirectional perspective images of the plant root system. The image acquisition mechanism 6 is communicatively connected to the control system. Further, the image acquisition mechanism 6 includes four high-definition monitoring cameras, each positioned at the geometric center of one of the four side panels of the test chamber 1. In practical applications, the image acquisition mechanism 6 is used to acquire omnidirectional perspective images of the plant root system, and then transmits the acquired images to the control system. The control system performs image recognition using the OpenCV algorithm. First, the data format is modified using the `place` parameter, then a feature point detection class is created using SIFT, and some configurations for the feature point extractor are added. Feature points are extracted based on FAST feature detection and BRIEF feature descriptors, introduced into the Image object for recognition, and finally matched and identified. This allows for proportional and quantitative analysis to obtain root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter. If there is more than one plant, the average value of the above parameters of the plant root system is calculated; this value is a positive indicator (the larger the value, the better the growth characteristics).

[0109] This invention provides a device for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete. The device includes a test chamber 1, a planting box 2, a water spraying mechanism 3, a light simulation mechanism 4, a temperature control mechanism 5, an image acquisition mechanism 6, a ventilation mechanism 7, and scales 8. The test chamber 1 is a transparent box. The planting box 2 is located inside the test chamber 1 and is a transparent box with an open top and a permeable bottom. The planting box 2 is used to hold transparent aggregate. Multiple scales 8 are provided on the side wall of the planting box 2. The water spraying mechanism 3, the light simulation mechanism 4, and the temperature control mechanism 5 are all located inside the test chamber 1, with the water spraying mechanism 3 and the light simulation mechanism 4 located above the planting box 2. The ventilation mechanism 7 is located on the side wall of the test chamber 1. The image acquisition mechanism 6 is located inside the test chamber 1 and is used to acquire omnidirectional perspective images of the plant roots. The image acquisition mechanism 6 is communicatively connected to the control system. When evaluating plant root growth, transparent aggregate with a certain porosity is first placed in planting box 2 and tamped a predetermined number of times to obtain transparent planted concrete. Then, planting soil is mixed with water to form a flowing slurry and poured into the transparent planted concrete. Next, planting soil is spread on the surface of the transparent planted concrete and planted with plant seeds at a certain density. Then, the plant growth environment parameters are adjusted to the required values ​​by adjusting the water spraying mechanism 3, the light simulation mechanism 4, the temperature control mechanism 5, and the ventilation mechanism 7. After a certain number of days of planting, the water spraying mechanism 3 is controlled to wash away the planting soil in the transparent planted concrete by a combination of strong water flow and soaking. Then, the image acquisition mechanism 6 collects a full-range perspective image of the plant roots. The image acquisition mechanism 6 feeds the collected perspective image back to the control system. The control system analyzes the perspective image to obtain plant growth parameters, and then evaluates the root growth based on the plant growth parameters. This application can simulate the plant growth environment and collect omnidirectional images of plant roots without digging them up to evaluate the growth characteristics of plant roots. This saves time and effort, reduces the difficulty of evaluating the growth characteristics of plant roots, and improves the accuracy of the evaluation.

[0110] In practical applications, this plant root growth evaluation device for vegetated concrete also includes a temperature and humidity meter 9. The temperature and humidity meter 9 is installed inside the test chamber 1. The temperature and humidity meter 9, the water spraying mechanism 3, the light simulation mechanism 4, the temperature control mechanism 5, and the ventilation mechanism 7 are all communicatively connected to the control system. Specifically, the temperature and humidity meter 9 can measure data such as temperature and humidity inside the test chamber 1 and feed this data back to the control system. The control system controls the water spraying mechanism 3, the light simulation mechanism 4, the temperature control mechanism 5, and the ventilation mechanism 7 to maintain the plant growth environment parameters inside the test chamber 1 at the set values, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the evaluation results without requiring manual adjustment.

[0111] Continue to refer to Figure 2As shown, the plant root growth evaluation device for vegetated concrete also includes an LCD screen 10, which is communicatively connected to the control system. Specifically, the LCD screen 10 can display the plant root growth status for easy observation by the operator.

[0112] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0113] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete, characterized in that, include: Transparent aggregate with a certain porosity is placed in a transparent box with a permeable bottom and tamped a predetermined number of times to obtain transparent vegetation concrete. The planting soil is mixed with water to form a flowing slurry, which is then poured into the transparent vegetated concrete. Planting soil is spread on the transparent vegetated concrete surface, and plant seeds are planted at a certain density. Adjusting plant growth environment parameters, including photosynthetic photon flux, photon flux density, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, ambient temperature, and temperature change rate; Water is poured into the transparent box after the plant seeds have been planted for a certain number of days to wash away the planting soil inside the transparent vegetated concrete. Collect 360-degree perspective images of plant root systems; Plant growth parameters are obtained by analyzing the perspective image, including root volume, maximum depth, maximum growth width, number of roots, root-to-shoot ratio, and taproot diameter. Root growth is evaluated based on the plant growth parameters.

2. The method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porosity of the transparent aggregate is 20%-30%.

3. The method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent aggregate has a visible light transmittance of >75% and a transparency of >80%.

4. The method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slurry has a fluidity of 8s-15s, a pH value of 5.5-7.5, and a setting time of 1h-8h.

5. The method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of spreading planting soil on the transparent vegetated concrete surface and planting plant seeds at a certain density specifically includes: Spread planting soil on the surface of the transparent vegetated concrete; Divide the surface of the planting soil into multiple areas to be planted; Plant seeds of a certain planting density are sown in each of the areas to be planted; Spread a layer of planting soil, 3-5 cm thick, over the plant seeds.

6. The method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that, Plant seed planting density < 50g / ㎡.

7. The method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaluation of root growth based on the plant growth parameters specifically includes: Root growth characteristic index P is calculated based on the plant growth parameters to evaluate root growth. The formula for calculating the root growth characteristic index P is as follows: P=v×0.2+(h+w)×0.15+(n+b+z)×0.1 In the above formula, v represents the root volume, h represents the maximum depth, w represents the maximum growth width, n represents the number of roots, b represents the root-to-shoot ratio, and z represents the diameter of the main root system.

8. The method for evaluating the root growth of plants in vegetated concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable range of the photosynthetic photon flux is 1100 μmol·s⁻¹. -1 -2100 μmol·s -1 The adjustable range of the photonic quantum flux density is 30 μmol·m. -2 ·s -1 -800 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The adjustment range of the rainfall intensity is 0.2 L / (min·m). 2 -1.5L / (min·m 2 The duration of rainfall is adjustable from 0h to 24h, the ambient temperature is adjustable from 0℃ to 65℃, and the rate of temperature change is adjustable from 5℃ / h to 10℃ / h.

9. A device for evaluating the root growth of plants in a growing concrete structure, characterized in that, The method for evaluating the root growth of planted concrete plants according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes a test chamber (1), a planting box (2), a water spraying mechanism (3), a light simulation mechanism (4), a temperature control mechanism (5), an image acquisition mechanism (6), a ventilation mechanism (7), and a scale (8). The test chamber (1) is a transparent chamber; The planting box (2) is set in the inner cavity of the test box (1). The planting box (2) is a transparent box with an open top and a water-permeable bottom. The planting box (2) is used to place transparent aggregate. The planting box (2) is provided with a plurality of scales (8) on its side wall; The water spraying mechanism (3), the light simulation mechanism (4) and the temperature control mechanism (5) are all located inside the test chamber (1), and the water spraying mechanism (3) and the light simulation mechanism (4) are located above the planting box (2); The ventilation mechanism (7) is installed on the side wall of the test chamber (1); The image acquisition mechanism (6) is set inside the test chamber (1) and is used to acquire all-round perspective images of plant roots; The image acquisition mechanism (6) and the control system are connected in communication.

10. The plant root growth evaluation device for vegetated concrete according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature and humidity meter (9); The temperature and humidity meter (9) is installed inside the test chamber (1); The temperature and humidity meter (9), the water spraying mechanism (3), the light simulation mechanism (4), the temperature control mechanism (5), and the ventilation mechanism (7) are all communicatively connected to the control system.

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