Analog small hole drilling processing clamp

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of processing equipment, and proposes a kind of analog small hole drilling processing fixture, including support base, tool guide and workpiece mounting seat.The front drill sleeve support seat, rear drill sleeve support seat and workpiece mounting seat are all installed on the support base, and the axial position thereof can be adjusted.The clamping bolt is clamped on the notch opened by the replaceable workpiece, and simultaneously limits the axial freedom and rotational freedom of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be quickly clamped and released by loosening the clamping bolt.The application can quickly clamp and replace the workpiece, ensure the axiality and accuracy, improve the efficiency of hole drilling processing test, and reduce the experimental cost.The position of drill sleeve and workpiece can be adjusted for experiment, the design parameters of processing equipment are optimized, and the processing effect of hole drilling equipment under different working conditions is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace hole-making technology, specifically relating to a fixture for simulating small hole making. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic feed drills are commonly used machining tools in aerospace equipment hole-making processes. The research and optimization of automatic feed drills requires the design of a machining test platform. Numerous hole-making experiments are conducted using the automatic feed drill, and the machining effects are observed and the machining quality is measured to allow for modifications to the key structural parameters of the automatic feed drill, thereby achieving the goal of optimizing the automatic feed drill.

[0003] When designing a machining testing platform, it is essential to consider that the platform must accurately reproduce all characteristics of the actual machining conditions. For example, for deep hole drilling in confined spaces, a small-volume automated deep hole drilling device is required. Traditional machining testing methods involve drilling holes directly on the workpiece, which results in expensive workpieces, non-reusable workpieces after drilling, difficult clamping, low testing efficiency, and is not conducive to large-scale experiments. Therefore, the current lack of efficient and low-cost machining testing methods hinders the development and optimization of corresponding equipment due to the lack of effective verification methods for its machining performance.

[0004] Currently, there are few design achievements for machining and testing platforms for different working conditions. Ren Zhijun et al. of Shanghai Yuecheng Electromechanical Co., Ltd. disclosed a four-axis testing fixture for machining aerospace parts (authorization announcement number CN219170697U). This fixture can quickly clamp and change the workpiece under test while ensuring testing accuracy. The workpiece position is controlled by an adjustable support, significantly improving the efficiency of testing experiments. However, in testing experiments, this patent does not simulate the deep hole machining condition in small spaces sufficiently well, failing to reproduce the important characteristic of variable distance between two workpieces. This results in unintuitive experimental results and cannot completely replace the results obtained from machining experiments under the original machining conditions. Zhou Liang et al. of Zhejiang Zhengde Brake Co., Ltd. disclosed a multi-hole machining fixture for caliper brakes (authorization announcement number CN217800291U). This fixture can quickly clamp and change the workpiece under test. By rotating a turntable, it automatically adjusts the position of the brake fixing plate, enabling multi-hole machining in conjunction with a drilling rig. However, this patent can only clamp one workpiece at a time, and it cannot reproduce the characteristics of the tool passing through multiple workpieces when dealing with deep hole or multi-hole drilling in small spaces.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a machining fixture and tooling that can simulate small hole drilling tests at low cost and high efficiency, while ensuring machining accuracy and working condition requirements, to meet the testing and machining needs of large-diameter through-hole structures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention proposes a fixture and tooling for simulating small hole drilling.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0008] A fixture for simulating small hole drilling includes a support base 1, a tool guide 2, and a workpiece mounting base 3;

[0009] The tool guide 2 includes a front drill sleeve 203 and a rear drill sleeve installed inside the automatic feed drill 4; slots A2 are provided on the front drill sleeve support 202 and the rear drill sleeve support 201, which are bolted to the support base 1 through threaded holes A1; one side of the bottom of the front drill sleeve support 202 and the rear drill sleeve support 201 is provided with a positioning vertical surface B2, which is precisely matched with the boss vertical surface A3 on the support base 1; wedge block one 204 and wedge block two 205 are respectively installed on the other side of the front drill sleeve support 202 and the rear drill sleeve support 201 for pressing. Two mating planes are tightened; the front drill sleeve support 202 and the rear drill sleeve support 201 are adjusted in axial position on the support base 1 by reinstalling bolts; the front drill sleeve support 202 has a bushing mounting hole, and the front drill sleeve 203 is installed in the mounting hole and connected to the front drill sleeve support 202 by bolts; the rear drill sleeve support 201 has a rear drill sleeve mounting hole and a pull stud mounting hole. During hole making, the rear drill sleeve installed in the automatic feed drill 4 mates with the rear drill sleeve support 201, and the machining tool 401 mates with the front drill sleeve 203. The rotational freedom of the automatic feed drill 4 is restricted by the pull stud, so as to realize the fixation of the equipment and the guidance of the tool.

[0010] The workpiece mounting base 3 includes a workpiece support base 301, a workpiece positioning base 303, and a clamping bolt 304. The workpiece support base 301 is mounted on the support base 1 by bolts. The bottom side is provided with a positioning vertical surface B2, which is in high-precision engagement with the boss vertical surface A3 on the support base 1. A wedge block 3 206 is installed on the other side of the workpiece support base 301 to clamp the two mating surfaces. The workpiece positioning base 303 is connected to the workpiece support base 301 by bolts. A threaded hole is provided on the top of the workpiece support base 301, which is used to engage with the clamping bolt 304.

[0011] The replaceable workpiece 302 is a set of components, with a center hole having the same initial hole diameter as in actual small-hole deep-hole machining conditions. In testing experiments, it simulates small-hole deep-hole machining processes such as reaming and boring. When changing workpieces, the replaceable workpiece 302 is inserted from the side of the workpiece mounting base 3. The outer cylindrical surface C1 of the replaceable workpiece 302 mates with the V-shaped groove surface B1 on the workpiece support base 301, ensuring the radial positional accuracy of the replaceable workpiece 302. The replaceable workpiece 302 has a slot on its side. When installing a workpiece, the replaceable workpiece 302 is placed in first, and then the clamping bolt 304 is screwed into the threaded hole. The bottom surface of the clamping bolt 304 presses against the bottom surface C3 of the slot in the replaceable workpiece 302, restricting the rotational freedom of the replaceable workpiece 302. A cylinder is provided at the front end of the clamping bolt 304, and the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder mates with the two end faces C2 of the slot in the replaceable workpiece 302, restricting the axial freedom of the replaceable workpiece 302.

[0012] The workpiece support seat 301 is separated at the top and connected at the bottom, forming a double-fork lug structure.

[0013] Multiple workpiece support seats 301 are installed on the support base 1 at the same time. The positioning vertical surface B2 opened on the side of all workpiece support seats 301 is in contact with the boss vertical surface A3 opened on the support base 1. The axial position of any workpiece support seat 301 can be adjusted by disassembling and assembling fasteners.

[0014] The replaceable workpiece 302 is clamped and released from both sides of the workpiece mounting base 3 by tightening and loosening the clamping bolts 304.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] (1) The simulated small hole drilling fixture of the present invention can quickly adjust the axial relative position of the processing equipment, the front drill sleeve and the workpiece, as well as the distance between the two workpieces by reinstalling the bolts during processing and testing, thus simulating a variety of processing scenarios with high efficiency.

[0017] (2) The simulated small hole drilling fixture of the present invention allows for batch processing of interchangeable workpieces, which are loaded into the workpiece mounting base from the side. Tightening the clamping bolt can simultaneously restrict the axial and rotational degrees of freedom of the interchangeable workpiece, and loosening the clamping bolt allows the interchangeable workpiece to be removed. This achieves control of workpiece clamping and release using only one clamping bolt, significantly improving the efficiency of processing and testing experiments and reducing costs.

[0018] (3) The simulated small hole drilling fixture of the present invention has a workpiece support seat for clamping the workpiece and simulating the machining conditions, which reduces the cost of consumables while restoring the workpiece characteristics of deep hole drilling in a small space. During the machining test, the workpiece can be quickly changed by rotating the clamping bolt. Different working conditions can be simulated by adjusting the axial position of the machining equipment, the front drill sleeve and the workpiece. The drilling process and the quality of the small hole can be observed, the optimal machining equipment parameters can be selected and applied to the actual machining conditions, and the drilling equipment can be optimized through the simulation of drilling experiments on the test platform. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of a simulated small hole drilling fixture according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a tooling drawing of a simulated small hole drilling fixture according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a component in a simulated small hole drilling fixture according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top view of a simulated small hole drilling fixture according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the replaceable workpiece of the present invention;

[0024] The components include: 1. Support base; 2. Tool guide; 201. Rear drill sleeve support; 202. Front drill sleeve support; 203. Front drill sleeve; 204. Wedge block one; 205. Wedge block two; 206. Wedge block three; 3. Workpiece mounting base; 301. Workpiece support; 302. Replaceable workpiece; 303. Workpiece positioning base; 304. Clamping bolt; 4. Automatic feed drill; 401. Machining tool; A1. Threaded hole; A2. Groove; A3. Vertical surface of boss; B1. V-groove; B2. Positioning vertical surface; C1. Outer circular surface; C2. Both end faces of groove; C3. Bottom surface of groove. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a simulated small hole making fixture, which includes a support base 1, a tool guide 2, and a workpiece mounting base 3.

[0028] The small hole testing and machining fixture is designed for double-forked lug workpieces used in the automatic drilling of deep holes in small spaces. It consists of two hollow workpieces that make up the forks, which are connected as a whole at the far end. The relative positions of the two forks can vary.

[0029] The front drill bushing support 202, rear drill bushing support 201, and workpiece support 301 have slots and are connected to the threaded holes on the support base 1 by bolts. One side of each of the front drill bushing support 202, rear drill bushing support 201, and workpiece support 301 has a high-precision fit with the vertical surface A3 of the boss on the support base 1, and the other side fits against wedge blocks 204, 205, and 206, which are bolted to the support base 1, thus tightening the mating surfaces. The front drill bushing support 202 has bushing mounting holes, and the front drill bushing 203 mates with these holes and is connected to the front drill bushing support 202 by bolts.

[0030] The rear drill sleeve support 201 has a rear drill sleeve mounting hole and a pull stud mounting hole. The rear drill sleeve installed inside the automatic feed drill 4 mates with the rear drill sleeve support 201 and is fixed to the rear drill sleeve support 201 by pull studs. The machining tool 401 mates with the front drill sleeve 203 to realize the installation of the hole-making equipment.

[0031] The workpiece positioning seat 303 is connected to the workpiece support seat 301 by bolts, and the clamping bolt 304 engages with the threaded hole in the workpiece positioning seat 303. The replaceable workpiece 302 is a set-like component with a center hole equal to the initial hole diameter in the actual small-hole deep-hole machining condition, and a groove on its side. The outer cylindrical surface C1 of the replaceable workpiece 302 mates with the V-groove B1 in the workpiece support seat 301, and the two end faces C2 of the groove of the replaceable workpiece 302 mate with the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical part of the clamping bolt 304, restricting the axial degree of freedom of the workpiece. The bottom surface of the groove of the replaceable workpiece 302 mates with the bottom surface of the clamping bolt 304, restricting the rotational degree of freedom of the workpiece, thus realizing the quick clamping and positioning of the workpiece.

[0032] By adjusting the positions of the front drill bushing support 202, the rear drill bushing support 201, and the workpiece support 301, the distance between different drill templates and the workpiece in actual machining is simulated, causing changes in the installation stability of the hole-making equipment. The hole-making quality corresponding to this fixture position is then tested. This allows for the selection of the optimal fixture method for achieving the best hole-making quality during actual machining, while keeping the machining parameters constant.

Claims

1. A simulated small hole drilling processing jig characterized by, The simulation small hole drilling processing clamp comprises a supporting base (1), a tool guide (2) and a workpiece mounting seat (3); The tool guide (2) comprises a front drill sleeve (203) and a rear drill sleeve mounted in an automatic feed drill (4); a front drill sleeve support seat (202) and a rear drill sleeve support seat (201) are provided with notches (A2), which are matched with threaded holes (A1) provided on the supporting base (1) through bolts, so that the front drill sleeve (203) and the rear drill sleeve are mounted on the supporting base (1); one side of the bottom of the front drill sleeve support seat (202) and the rear drill sleeve support seat (201) is provided with a positioning vertical surface (B2) matched with a boss vertical surface (A3) provided on the supporting base (1) with high precision; wedge block one (204) and wedge block two (205) are respectively mounted on the other side of the front drill sleeve support seat (202) and the rear drill sleeve support seat (201) for pressing the two matching planes; the front drill sleeve support seat (202) and the rear drill sleeve support seat (201) are adjusted in the axial position on the supporting base (1) through reinstallation of bolts; the front drill sleeve support seat (202) is provided with a bushing mounting hole, and the front drill sleeve (203) is mounted in the mounting hole and connected with the front drill sleeve support seat (202) through a bolt; the rear drill sleeve support seat (201) is provided with a rear drill sleeve mounting hole and a draw bolt mounting hole; during hole drilling processing, the rear drill sleeve mounted in the automatic feed drill (4) is matched with the rear drill sleeve support seat (201), the processing tool (401) is matched with the front drill sleeve (203), the rotation degree of freedom of the automatic feed drill (4) is limited through a draw bolt, and the fixing of the equipment and the guidance of the tool are realized; The workpiece mounting seat (3) comprises a workpiece support seat (301), a workpiece positioning seat (303) and a pressing bolt (304); the workpiece support seat (301) is mounted on the supporting base (1) through a bolt, and the bottom side is provided with a positioning vertical surface (B2) matched with a boss vertical surface (A3) provided on the supporting base (1) with high precision; wedge block three (206) is mounted on the other side of the workpiece support seat (301) for pressing the two matching planes; the workpiece positioning seat (303) is connected with the workpiece support seat (301) through a bolt, and a threaded hole is provided above the workpiece positioning seat (303), which is used for screwing with the pressing bolt (304); The replaceable workpiece (302) is a sleeve-shaped workpiece with a center hole with the same diameter as the pilot hole in the actual small hole deep hole machining condition; the replaceable workpiece (302) is installed from the side of the workpiece mounting seat (3) when the small hole deep hole machining workpiece is replaced; the outer cylindrical surface (C1) of the replaceable workpiece (302) is matched with the V-shaped groove surface (B1) on the workpiece support seat (301) to ensure the radial position accuracy of the replaceable workpiece (302); the replaceable workpiece (302) is provided with a slot on the side surface, the replaceable workpiece (302) is placed first when the workpiece is installed, then the compression bolt (304) is screwed into the threaded hole, the bottom surface of the compression bolt (304) is compressed on the slot bottom surface (C3) of the replaceable workpiece (302), and the rotational freedom of the replaceable workpiece (302) is limited; the compression bolt (304) is provided with a cylinder at the front end, the outer cylindrical surface of the cylinder is matched with the slot end surface (C2) of the replaceable workpiece (302), and the axial freedom of the replaceable workpiece (302) is limited; The upper end of the workpiece support seat (301) is separated, and the bottom is connected, forming a double fork ear structure; The workpiece support seat (301) is installed on the support base (1) at the same time, and the positioning vertical surface (B2) on the side surface of all workpiece support seats (301) is matched with the boss vertical surface (A3) on the support base (1), and the axial position of any workpiece support seat (301) is adjusted by disassembling and tightening the fastener.

2. The simulated keyhole drilling jig according to claim 1, wherein The replaceable workpiece (302) is clamped and released from both sides of the workpiece mounting seat (3) by tightening and loosening the compression bolt (304).

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