A type of fritillaria topsoil stripping and loosening machine

Abstract

A surface soil stripping and loosening machine for Fritillaria cirrhosa, relating to the field of agricultural machinery technology, includes a surface soil stripping device, a transmission system, and a loosening device. The surface soil stripping device includes a front frame, and the loosening device includes a loosening device frame. The surface soil stripping device, transmission system, and loosening device are all mounted on the frame and interconnected. The loosening device includes wide-bladed rotary tillers, a rotary tillage drive shaft, a rotary tiller blade disc, a hydraulic cylinder, a loosening device frame, a loosening hook, and a loosening hook connecting beam. The loosening device frame is equipped with a loosening hook, the bottom of which is connected via a loosening hook bottom connector. A hydraulic cylinder is located at the top center of the loosening device frame. The rotary tillage drive shaft is mounted horizontally below the loosening device frame, and a rotary tiller blade disc is mounted on the rotary tillage drive shaft, with wide-bladed rotary tillers on the rotary tiller blade disc. This surface soil stripping and loosening machine for Fritillaria cirrhosa significantly improves soil breaking efficiency and reduces damage to the Fritillaria cirrhosa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a fritillary bulb topsoil stripping and loosening machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the two-stage Fritillaria harvester (CN201910947477.3) is one of the main methods for mechanized harvesting of Fritillaria. It mainly includes four operation stages: topsoil stripping, fritillaria loosening, fritillaria collection and transportation, and Fritillaria screening. The currently used single-row or multi-row loosening hook fritillaria loosening operation method causes Fritillaria near the loosening hook to be released from the soil, while Fritillaria far from the loosening hook remains rooted in the soil. When collecting the fritillaria later, Fritillaria with roots in the soil are squeezed and mechanically damaged. At the same time, the loosening hook does not break up the soil enough, resulting in an excessively high soil content in the screened material during screening. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a soil stripping and loosening machine for Fritillaria cirrhosa. It is an improvement on the soil stripping machine of a two-stage Fritillaria cirrhosa harvester, which improves the soil loosening degree, reduces the soil content of the screen material, and reduces mechanical damage to Fritillaria cirrhosa.

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: It includes a topsoil stripping device, a transmission system, and a soil loosening device. The topsoil stripping device is connected to the soil loosening device through the transmission system. The topsoil stripping device includes a front frame. The soil loosening device includes a rotary tiller blade, a rotary tiller drive shaft, a rotary tiller blade disc, a hydraulic cylinder, a soil loosening device frame, a soil loosening hook, a soil loosening hook bottom connector, a reducer mounting plate, a rotary tiller disc limiter, a rotary tiller shaft bearing assembly, a rear closing bending component, a soil loosening hook mounting beam, and a soil loosening depth adjustment device. The soil loosening depth adjustment device is connected to the front frame by welding. The soil loosening depth adjustment device is also connected to the soil loosening device frame by bolts and nuts. A reducer mounting plate is provided on the side wall of the soil loosening device frame. Several soil loosening hooks are provided at the front part of the soil loosening device frame. The tops of the soil loosening hooks are connected to the soil loosening device frame via the soil loosening hook mounting beam. The device frame is connected, and the bottom of the loosening hook is connected to the bottom connector of the loosening hook by welding. The loosening hooks are set at equal intervals. A hydraulic cylinder is set at the top center of the loosening device frame. The rotary tillage drive shaft is horizontally mounted below the loosening device frame. Rotary tillage blade shaft bearing kits are installed at both ends of the rotary tillage drive shaft. The rotary tillage blade shaft bearing kits are connected to the side wall of the loosening device frame using bolts and nuts. Several rotary tillage blade discs are set at equal intervals on the rotary tillage drive shaft. The rotary tillage blade discs are circular plates, and each rotary tillage blade disc is equipped with four blades. The blades are evenly set on the circumference of the rotary tillage blade disc by bolts and nuts. The rotary tillage blade disc limiting piece is connected to the rotary tillage drive shaft by bolts and nuts, which also limits the rotary tillage blade discs on the outer side, so that they do not need to be welded to the rotary tillage drive shaft, which facilitates adjustment and installation. The rear closing bending piece is welded to the rear of the side wall of the loosening device frame.

[0005] The interval between two adjacent loosening hooks is 70mm to 120mm; the interval between two adjacent rotary tillage blades is 70mm to 120mm, and there is a 60° misalignment angle.

[0006] The blade width of the rotary tiller is achieved by depositing solder in the blade area through a welding process and grinding the welded area into a trapezoidal shape, resulting in a blade end width of 6mm to 10mm.

[0007] The topsoil stripping device includes a telescopic tie rod, a scraper blade depth adjustment device, a front frame, a three-point suspension, a compactor roller depth adjustment device, a compactor roller, a reducer mounting plate one, a soil separating auger, a scraper blade, a reducer mounting plate two, a reducer mounting plate four, a depth-limiting roller bearing assembly, a soil separating auger bearing assembly, a compactor roller depth-limiting fixing plate, scraper blade reinforcing ribs, and a soil separating auger connecting rod. The front frame is connected to the compactor roller via the compactor roller depth adjustment device. The compactor roller depth-limiting fixing plate is connected to the front frame via a square clip two. The compactor roller depth-limiting fixing plate and the compactor roller depth-limiting device are connected by welding. The compactor roller depth-limiting device is connected to the depth-limiting roller bearing assembly via bolts and nuts three. The compactor roller and the depth-limiting roller bearing assembly... The components are connected as follows: the front frame is connected to the bottom of the three-point suspension via a square clip 1; the rear side of the three-point suspension is connected to one end of the telescopic tie rod via a pin 1; the other end of the telescopic tie rod is connected to the other side of the front frame via a pin 2; the three-point suspension is connected to the tractor; the front frame is connected to the scraper blade via a scraper blade depth limiting adjustment device; the scraper blade depth limiting adjustment device is connected to the side wall of the front frame by welding; the bottom of the scraper blade depth limiting adjustment device is connected to the scraper blade by welding; a soil-distributing auger is provided between the scraper blade and the soil-pressing roller; the soil-distributing auger is connected to the front frame by welding via a soil-distributing auger connecting rod, and is also connected to the reducer 4 via a key; reducer mounting plate 1, reducer mounting plate 4, and reducer mounting plate 2 are welded to the front end and side of the front frame, respectively.

[0008] The front frame is welded from several square steel bars and several steel plates, and mounting holes for parts are reserved during the manufacturing of the front frame.

[0009] The transmission system includes a universal joint drive shaft 1, a reducer 1, a sprocket and chain drive 1, a universal joint drive shaft 2, a reducer 2, a universal joint drive shaft 3, a reducer 3, a sprocket and chain drive 2, and a reducer 4. The reducer 1 is mounted on the reducer mounting plate 1 by bolts and nuts 7. The front end of the reducer 1 is connected to the universal joint drive shaft 1, which is connected to the tractor. The reducer 1 is connected to the reducer 4 via the sprocket and chain drive 1. The reducer 1 is connected to the reducer 2 via the universal joint drive shaft 2. The reducer 2 is connected to the reducer 3 via the universal joint drive shaft 3. The other end of the reducer 3 is connected to the rotary tiller drive shaft via the sprocket and chain drive 2.

[0010] The reducer 1 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 1 by bolt and nut 7, reducer 2 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 2 by bolt and nut 8, reducer 3 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 3 by bolt and nut 5, and reducer 4 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 4 by bolt and nut 9.

[0011] One end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the frame of the soil loosening device, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the front frame; the hydraulic cylinder is powered by the tractor's hydraulic system.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0013] This Fritillaria cirrhosa topsoil stripping and loosening machine simultaneously strips and loosens the topsoil of Fritillaria cirrhosa in a single operation. Compared to the two-stage Fritillaria cirrhosa harvester (CN201910947477.3), this invention significantly improves soil breaking performance and reduces damage to the Fritillaria cirrhosa. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is the left view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is the right view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a rear view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the topsoil stripping device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission system structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the soil loosening device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the blade width rotary tiller structure of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0025] Referring to the figures, the present invention specifically adopts the following embodiment: It includes a topsoil stripping device 1, a transmission system 2, and a soil loosening device 3. The topsoil stripping device 1 is connected to the soil loosening device 3 via the transmission system 2. The topsoil stripping device 1 includes a front frame 103. The soil loosening device 3 includes a rotary tiller blade 301, a rotary tillage drive shaft 302, a rotary tiller blade disc 303, a hydraulic cylinder 304, a soil loosening device frame 305, a soil loosening hook 306, a soil loosening hook bottom connector 307, a reducer mounting plate 308, a rotary tiller blade disc limiting component 309, and a rotary tiller shaft. The components include a bearing assembly 310, a rear-end bending piece 311, a loosening hook mounting beam 312, and a loosening depth adjustment device 313. The loosening depth adjustment device 313 is connected to the front frame 103 by welding and to the loosening device frame 305 by bolts and nuts 408. The side wall of the loosening device frame 305 is equipped with a reducer mounting plate 308. The front part of the loosening device frame 305 is equipped with several loosening hooks 306. The top of the loosening hooks 306 is connected to the loosening device frame 305 via the loosening hook mounting beam 312. The frame 305 is connected, and the bottom of the loosening hook 306 is connected to the bottom connector 307 of the loosening hook by welding. The loosening hooks 306 are evenly spaced. A hydraulic cylinder 304 is located at the top center of the loosening device frame 305. The rotary tillage drive shaft 302 is horizontally mounted below the loosening device frame 305. Rotary tillage blade shaft bearing kits 310 are installed at both ends of the rotary tillage drive shaft 302. The rotary tillage blade shaft bearing kits 310 are connected to the side wall of the loosening device frame 305 by bolts and nuts 411. Several rotary tillage blade discs are evenly spaced on the rotary tillage drive shaft 302. 303, the rotary tiller disc 303 is a circular plate, and each rotary tiller disc 303 is equipped with four wide-bladed rotary tillers 301. The wide-bladed rotary tillers 301 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the rotary tiller disc 303 by bolts and nuts 413. The rotary tiller disc limiting component 309 is connected to the rotary tiller drive shaft 302 by bolts and nuts 415, and at the same time restricts the rotary tiller discs on the outer side, so that they do not need to be welded to the rotary tiller drive shaft 302, which facilitates adjustment and installation. The rear closing bending component 311 is welded to the rear side wall of the loosening device frame 305. The interval between two adjacent loosening hooks 306 is 70mm to 120mm; the interval between two adjacent rotary tiller discs 303 is 70mm to 120mm, and there is a 60° misalignment angle. The blade width of the rotary tiller is achieved by depositing solder in the blade area through a welding process and grinding the welded area into a trapezoidal shape, resulting in a blade end width of 6mm to 10mm.The topsoil stripping device 1 includes a telescopic tie rod 101, a scraper blade depth adjustment device 102, a front frame 103, a three-point suspension 104, a compactor roller depth adjustment device 105, a compactor roller 106, a reducer mounting plate 107, a soil separating auger 108, a scraper blade 109, a reducer mounting plate 2 110, a reducer mounting plate 4 111, a depth-limiting roller bearing assembly 112, a soil separating auger bearing assembly 113, a compactor roller depth-limiting fixing plate 114, and a scraper blade reinforcing rib 11. 5. The soil-distributing spiral connecting rod 116, the front frame 103 is connected to the soil-pressing roller 106 via the soil-pressing roller depth limiting adjustment device 105, the soil-pressing roller depth limiting fixing plate 114 is connected to the front frame 103 via square clip 404, the soil-pressing roller depth limiting fixing plate 114 and the soil-pressing roller depth limiting adjustment device 105 are connected by welding, the soil-pressing roller depth limiting adjustment device 105 is connected to the depth-limiting roller bearing assembly 112 via bolts and nuts 414, and the soil-pressing roller 106 is connected to the depth-limiting roller bearing assembly. 112 Connection: The front frame 103 is connected to the bottom of the three-point suspension 104 via square clip 401. The rear side of the three-point suspension 104 is connected to one end of the telescopic rod 101 via pin 402. The other end of the telescopic rod 101 is connected to the other side of the front frame 103 via pin 407. The three-point suspension 104 is connected to the tractor. The front frame 103 is connected to the scraper blade 109 via the scraper blade depth limiting adjustment device 102. The scraper blade depth limiting adjustment device 102 is welded to the front frame 109. The three side walls are connected. The bottom of the scraper blade depth adjustment device 102 is welded to the scraper blade 109. A soil-distributing spiral 108 is provided between the scraper blade 109 and the pressing roller 106. The soil-distributing spiral 108 is connected to the front frame 103 by welding through the soil-distributing spiral connecting rod 116, and is also connected to the reducer 209 by a key. The front frame 103 has a reducer mounting plate 107, a reducer mounting plate 4 111, and a reducer mounting plate 2 110 welded to its front end and sides, respectively. The front frame 103 is welded from several square steel bars and several steel plates, and the front frame 103 is pre-drilled with mounting holes for parts. The transmission system 2 includes a universal joint drive shaft 201, a reducer 202, a sprocket and chain drive 203, a universal joint drive shaft 204, a reducer 205, a universal joint drive shaft 306, a reducer 307, a sprocket and chain drive 208, and a reducer 409. The reducer 202 is mounted on the reducer mounting plate 107 by bolts and nuts 403. The front end of the reducer 202 is connected to the universal joint drive shaft 201, which is connected to the tractor. The reducer 202 is connected to the reducer 409 via the sprocket and chain drive 203. The reducer 202 is connected to the reducer 205 via the universal joint drive shaft 204. The reducer 205 is connected to the reducer 207 via the universal joint drive shaft 206. The other end of the reducer 207 is connected to the rotary tiller drive shaft 302 via the sprocket and chain drive 208.The reducer 1 202 is mounted to reducer mounting plate 1 107 via bolts and nuts 7 403; reducer 2 205 is mounted to reducer mounting plate 2 110 via bolts and nuts 8 405; reducer 3 207 is mounted to reducer mounting plate 3 308 via bolts and nuts 5 410; and reducer 4 209 is mounted to reducer mounting plate 4 111 via bolts and nuts 9 406. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 304 is connected to the soil loosening device frame 305, and the other end is connected to the front frame 103; the hydraulic cylinder 304 is powered by the tractor's hydraulic system.

[0026] Topsoil stripping device 1 is mounted on the front frame 103, and loosening device 3 is mounted on the loosening device frame 305. The loosening depth adjustment device fixed guide tube 313-2 is connected to the front frame 103 by welding and to the loosening device frame 305 by bolts and nuts 408. Adjusting the handwheel 313-1 of the loosening depth adjustment device and controlling the tractor's hydraulic system causes the guide rod 313-3 of the loosening depth adjustment device to move up and down and the hydraulic cylinder to extend and retract, thus completing the up and down movement of the loosening device 3 relative to the topsoil stripping device 1 and realizing the adjustment of the loosening depth. Since the loosening device 3 is adjustable relative to the topsoil stripping device 1, the loosening device transmission system 2 uses a variable transmission distance bevel gear reducer 205, a universal joint drive shaft 206, and a bevel gear reducer 207 to transmit the power of the topsoil stripping device 1 to the loosening device 3.

[0027] The soil loosening device 3 includes a wide-bladed rotary tiller 301, a rotary tiller drive shaft 302, a rotary tiller blade disc 303, a hydraulic cylinder 304, a soil loosening device frame 305, a soil loosening hook 306, a soil loosening hook bottom connector 307, a reducer mounting plate 308, a rotary tiller disc limiter 309, a rotary tiller shaft bearing assembly 310, a rear closing bending component 311, a soil loosening hook mounting beam 312, and a soil loosening depth adjustment device 313. The soil loosening device frame 305 has a reducer mounting plate 308 on its side wall. The front part of the frame 305 has several loosening hooks 306. The top of each loosening hook 306 is connected to the frame 305 via a loosening hook mounting beam 312, and the bottom of each loosening hook 306 is welded to a loosening hook bottom connector 307. The loosening hooks 306 are evenly spaced. A hydraulic cylinder 304 is located at the top center of the frame 305. A rotary tillage drive shaft 302 is mounted horizontally below the frame 305. 02. Rotary tiller shaft bearing assemblies 310 are installed at both ends. The rotary tiller shaft bearing assemblies 310 are connected to the side wall of the soil loosening device frame 305 using bolts and nuts 411. Several rotary tiller blade discs 303 are evenly spaced on the rotary tiller rotating shaft 302. Each rotary tiller blade disc 303 is a circular plate, and each rotary tiller blade disc 303 is equipped with four blades 301. The blades 301 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the rotary tiller blade disc 303 using bolts and nuts 413. The rotary tiller blade discs 303 are welded to the rotary tiller rotating shaft 302. To facilitate disassembly during maintenance of the rotary tiller drive shaft, a limiting component 309 is welded to one rotary tiller blade at the shaft end opposite to the soil loosening device drive. The limiting component 309 is connected to the rotary tiller drive shaft 302 using bolts and nuts 415. The rear-end bending component 311 is welded to the rear side wall of the loosening device frame 305, causing the soil near the work path to move towards the center of the ridge, facilitating mechanical harvesting. The interval between two adjacent loosening hooks 306 is 70mm-120mm; the interval between two adjacent rotary tiller blades 303 is 70mm-120mm, with a 60° misalignment angle. The end of the blade width rotary tiller 301 is welded by accumulating weld material in the blade area, and the welded area is ground into a trapezoidal shape, resulting in a final blade end width of 6mm-10mm. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 304 is connected to the loosening device frame 305 via pin 412, and the other end is connected to the front frame 103 via pin 409; the hydraulic cylinder 304 is powered by the tractor's hydraulic system.

[0028] The topsoil stripping device 1 includes a telescopic tie rod 101, a scraper blade depth adjustment device 102, a front frame 103, a three-point suspension 104, a compactor roller depth adjustment device 105, a compactor roller 106, a reducer mounting plate 107, a soil separating auger 108, a scraper blade 109, a reducer mounting plate 2 110, a reducer mounting plate 4 111, a depth-limiting roller bearing assembly 112, a soil separating auger bearing assembly 113, a compactor roller depth-limiting fixing plate 114, a scraper blade reinforcing rib 115, and a soil separating auger connecting rod 116. The front frame 103 is connected to the soil compactor roller 106 via the soil compactor roller depth limiting adjustment device 105. The soil compactor roller depth limiting fixing plate 114 is connected to the soil compactor roller depth limiting adjustment device fixing guide tube 105-2 by welding. The soil compactor roller depth limiting fixing plate 114 is connected to the front frame 103 via square clip 2 404. The soil compactor roller depth limiting adjustment device 105 is connected to the depth limiting roller bearing assembly 112 via bolt and nut 3 414. The soil compactor roller 106 is connected to the depth limiting roller bearing assembly 112. The front frame 103 is connected to the bottom of the three-point suspension 104 via square clip 1 401. The rear side of the three-point suspension 104 is connected to one end of the telescopic rod 101 via pin 1 402. The other end of the telescopic rod 101 is connected to the other side of the front frame 103 via pin 2 407. The front frame 103 is connected to the tractor via a three-point suspension 104. The front frame 103 is connected to the scraper blade 109 via a guide rod 102 of the scraper blade depth adjustment device. The fixed guide tube 102-2 of the scraper blade depth adjustment device is welded to the side wall of the front frame 103. The guide rod 102-3 of the scraper blade depth adjustment device is welded to the scraper blade 109. A soil-distributing auger 108 is provided between the scraper blade 109 and the compaction roller 106. The soil-distributing auger 108 is welded to the front frame 103 via a soil-distributing auger connecting rod 116, and is also connected to the reducer 209 via a key. Reducer mounting plates 107, 111, and 110 are welded to the front and sides of the front frame 103, respectively. The front frame 103 is constructed by welding together several square steel bars and several steel plates.

[0029] The transmission system 2 includes a universal joint drive shaft 201, a reducer 202, a sprocket and chain drive 203, a universal joint drive shaft 204, a reducer 205, a universal joint drive shaft 206, a reducer 207, a sprocket and chain drive 208, and a reducer 209. Reducer 202 is mounted on a reducer mounting plate 107 via bolts and nuts 403. The front end of reducer 202 is connected to universal joint drive shaft 201, which is connected to the tractor. Reducer 202 is connected to reducer 209 via sprocket and chain drive 203. Reducer 202 is connected to reducer 205 via universal joint drive shaft 204. Reducer 205 is connected to reducer 207 via universal joint drive shaft 206. The other end of reducer 207 is connected to rotary tiller drive shaft 302 via sprocket and chain drive 208. The reducer 1 202 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 1 107 by bolts and nuts 403, reducer 2 205 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 2 110 by bolts and nuts 405, reducer 3 207 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 3 308 by bolts and nuts 410, and reducer 4 209 is mounted on reducer mounting plate 4 111 by bolts and nuts 406.

[0030] Before operation, the tractor carries the entire machine via a three-point suspension 104 and a universal joint drive shaft 201, providing power. During operation, the power output from the tractor's rear drive shaft is transmitted through the transmission system 2 to the soil separating auger 108 and the rotary tillage drive shaft 302, achieving topsoil stripping and soil breaking. The tractor's hydraulic lifting mechanism, in conjunction with the up-and-down movement of the guide rod 105-3 of the topsoil stripping device's pressure roller depth adjustment device, limits the working depth of topsoil stripping. Adjusting the scraper blade depth adjustment device handwheel 102-1 moves the guide rod up and down, adjusting the relative position of the scraper blade 109 relative to the soil separating auger 108. The depth of the loosening device is adjusted by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 304 and the up and down movement of the guide rod 313-3 of the loosening depth adjustment device. The depth of the loosening hook 306 and the blade width rotary tiller 301 are adjusted. During the loosening of the shell soil, the loosening hook 306 with the bottom connector 307 separates the shell soil layer from the ground as a whole. Then, the blade width rotary tiller 301 keeps the shell soil in a free state and breaks up the soil, thus completing the loosening of the shell soil.

[0031] Reference Figure 9In operation, this invention connects to the tractor via a universal joint drive shaft 201 to transmit power. One output of reducer 202, connected to reducer 209 at the topsoil stripping point, transmits power via a sprocket and chain drive 203. The loosening device consists of a reducer 202 whose other output connects to the input of reducer 205 via a universal joint drive shaft 204. The output of reducer 205 connects to the input of reducer 207 via a universal joint drive shaft 206. The output of reducer 207 connects to the rotary tillage drive shaft 302 via a sprocket and chain drive 208, achieving multi-stage speed reduction and transmitting power to the rotary tillage blades 301 of the loosening device 3, maintaining a blade speed of 70 r / min to 90 r / min. This transmission effectively solves the problem of insufficient loosening power when the tractor provides power and the hydraulic motor drives the rotary tillage blades.

[0032] Reference Figure 10The soil loosening device 3 mainly includes a soil loosening hook assembly, a rotary tiller assembly, a soil loosening device frame 305, and a hydraulic cylinder 304. The soil loosening hook assembly, rotary tiller assembly, and hydraulic cylinder 304 are all connected to the soil loosening device frame 305. The hydraulic cylinder 304 is connected to the tractor, adjusting the handwheel 313-1 of the soil loosening depth adjustment device and controlling the tractor's hydraulic system, causing the guide rod 313-3 of the soil loosening depth adjustment device to move up and down and the hydraulic cylinder to extend and retract, driving the soil loosening device frame 305 to move up and down, thereby realizing the adjustment of the soil loosening depth of the soil loosening device 3. The soil loosening device frame 305 is welded from square steel and steel plate. The soil loosening hook assembly includes soil loosening hooks 306 and soil loosening hook bottom connectors 307. The soil loosening hooks 306 are fixed to the soil loosening device frame 305 by welding square steel, with a spacing of 70mm to 120mm between two soil loosening hooks. The bottom of the soil loosening hooks 306 is connected into a whole using the soil loosening hook bottom connectors 307. The combined action of the loosening hook 306 and the bottom connector 307 separates the topsoil layer from the underlying soil, facilitating subsequent rotary tillage. The rotary tillage blade assembly includes rotary blades 301 and rotary blade discs 303. The rotary blade discs 303 are fixed to the rotary drive shaft 302, one end of which is connected to the reducer 207 via a chain drive 208. The rotary drive shaft 302 is mounted on the loosening device frame 305. The two rotary blade discs 303 are spaced 70mm to 120mm apart, with a 60° offset angle between the blades on adjacent discs. Four blades 301 with wide cutting edges are mounted on the circumference of each rotary blade disc 303, connected to the rotary blades via bolts and nuts 413. On the tractor 303, the tractor provides power to the reducer 202 via the universal joint drive shaft 201. The reducer 202 controls the rotation of the reducer 205 via the universal joint drive shaft 204. The reducer 205 controls the rotation of the reducer 207 via the universal joint drive shaft 206. The reducer 207 is connected to the rotary tillage drive shaft 302 via the sprocket and chain 208, driving the rotary tillage blade disc 303 and the wide-blade rotary tillage blades 301 on the rotary tillage drive shaft 302 to rotate together. After the loosening hook 306 separates the shell soil layer from the bottom soil, as the machine moves forward, the wide-blade rotary tillage blades 301 on the rotary tillage blade disc 303 rotate, causing the wide-blade rotary tillage blades 301 to contact and collide with the separated shell soil, completing the soil breaking operation of the shell soil layer.

[0033] Reference Figure 11 By modifying the structure of the wide-blade rotary tiller 301, the end of the wide-blade rotary tiller 301 is welded with solder in the blade area and the welded part of the blade is ground into a trapezoidal shape. The width of the blade end is 6mm to 10mm. The structural parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1 Structural parameters of rotary tillers

[0035] category R [R0] [R1] <![CDATA[C1]]> <![CDATA[C2]]> a b L h α β <![CDATA[Θ max ]]> size 195mm 120mm 150mm 6~10mm 2mm 16mm 62mm 16mm 40mm 30° 115° 30°

[0036] This invention, the Fritillaria thunbergii topsoil stripping and loosening machine, is a two-stage Fritillaria thunbergii harvester (CN201910947).

[0037] 477.3) This is an improved version of the surface soil stripping machine for fritillaria cirrhosa beds. Therefore, the specific implementation of the surface soil stripping device 1 of this invention can be referred to the specific implementation of the two-stage fritillaria cirrhosa harvester.

[0038] In summary, this Fritillaria cirrhosa topsoil stripping and loosening machine simultaneously completes the topsoil stripping and loosening of Fritillaria cirrhosa in a single operation. Compared with the two-stage Fritillaria cirrhosa harvester (CN201910947477.3), this invention significantly improves the soil breaking effect and reduces damage to the Fritillaria cirrhosa.

Claims

1. A topsoil stripping and loosening machine for Fritillaria thunbergii, comprising a topsoil stripping device (1), a transmission system (2), and a loosening device (3), wherein the topsoil stripping device (1) is connected to the loosening device (3) via the transmission system (2), and the topsoil stripping device (1) includes a front frame (103), characterized in that: The soil loosening device (3) comprises a blade-width rotary tiller (301), a rotary tiller transmission shaft (302), a rotary tiller disc (303), a hydraulic cylinder (304), a soil loosening device frame (305), a soil loosening hook (306), a soil loosening hook bottom connecting piece (307), a reducer mounting plate three (308), a rotary tiller disc limiting piece (309), a rotary tiller shaft bearing sleeve (310), a rear closing-in bent piece (311), a soil loosening hook mounting cross beam (312) and a soil loosening depth adjusting device (313), the soil loosening depth adjusting device (313) is connected with the front frame (103) by welding, the soil loosening depth adjusting device (313) is connected with the soil loosening device frame (305) through bolt and nut six (408), the side wall of the soil loosening device frame (305) is provided with the reducer mounting plate three (308), the front part of the soil loosening device frame (305) is provided with a plurality of soil loosening hooks (306), the top of the soil loosening hook (306) is connected with the soil loosening device frame (305) through the soil loosening hook mounting cross beam (312), the bottom of the soil loosening hook (306) is connected with the soil loosening hook bottom connecting piece (307) by welding, the soil loosening hooks (306) are arranged at equal intervals, the middle part of the top end of the soil loosening device frame (305) is provided with the hydraulic cylinder (304), the rotary tiller transmission shaft (302) is horizontally arranged below the soil loosening device frame (305), the rotary tiller transmission shaft (302) is provided with the rotary tiller shaft bearing sleeve (310) at both ends, the rotary tiller shaft bearing sleeve (310) is connected with the side wall of the soil loosening device frame (305) by using bolt and nut one (411), a plurality of rotary tiller discs (303) are arranged at equal intervals on the rotary tiller transmission shaft (302), the rotary tiller disc (303) is a circular plate, four blade-width rotary tillers (301) are arranged on each rotary tiller disc (303), the blade-width rotary tillers (301) are arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotary tiller disc (303) at equal intervals by using bolt and nut two (413), the rotary tiller disc limiting piece (309) is connected with the rotary tiller transmission shaft (302) by using bolt and nut four (415), simultaneously limiting the rotary tiller disc on the outside, so that the rotary tiller disc does not need to be welded on the rotary tiller transmission shaft (302), and the rotary tiller disc is convenient to adjust and install, and the rear closing-in bent piece (311) is welded on the rear side of the side wall of the soil loosening device frame (305).

2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interval between the adjacent two soil loosening hooks (306) is 70mm-120mm, the interval between the adjacent two rotary tiller discs (303) is 70mm-120mm, and there is a 60° offset angle.

3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the blade-width rotary tiller (301) is subjected to solder accumulation in the blade area by the method of accumulation welding, and the blade welding position is polished to be a trapezoidal body, and finally the end width of the blade is 6mm-10mm.

4. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface stripping device (1) includes a telescopic pull rod (101), a depth limiting device for the blade (102), a front frame (103), a three-point linkage (104), a depth limiting device for the roller (105), a roller (106), a reducer mounting plate one (107), a soil dividing screw (108), a blade (109), a reducer mounting plate two (110), a reducer mounting plate four (111), a depth limiting roller bearing set (112), a soil dividing screw bearing set (113), a roller depth limiting fixing plate (114), a blade reinforcing rib (115), and a soil dividing screw connecting rod (116).

5. The machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front frame (103) is connected with the roller (106) through the depth limiting device for the roller (105), the roller depth limiting fixing plate (114) is connected on the front frame (103) by welding, the roller depth limiting fixing plate (114) is connected with the depth limiting device for the roller (105) through a square clamp two (404), the depth limiting device for the roller (105) is connected with the depth limiting roller bearing set (112) through a bolt-nut three (414), the roller (106) is connected with the depth limiting roller bearing set (112), the front frame (103) is connected with the bottom of the three-point linkage (104) through a square clamp one (401), the rear side of the three-point linkage (104) is connected with one end of the telescopic pull rod (101) through a pin one (402), the other end of the telescopic pull rod (101) is connected with the other side of the front frame (103) through a pin two (407), the three-point linkage (104) is connected with a tractor, the front frame (103) is connected with the blade (109) through the depth limiting device for the blade (102), the depth limiting device for the blade (102) is connected with the side wall of the front frame (103) by welding, the bottom of the depth limiting device for the blade (102) is connected with the blade (109) by welding, the blade (109) is provided with the soil dividing screw (108) between the blade (109) and the roller (106), the soil dividing screw (108) is connected with the front frame (103) by welding and is connected with a reducer four (209) through a key. The front frame (103) is welded by a plurality of square steels and a plurality of steel plates, and a part mounting hole is reserved during the manufacturing of the front frame (103).

6. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system (2) comprises a universal joint transmission shaft one (201), a reducer one (202), a chain wheel and chain transmission one (203), a universal joint transmission shaft two (204), a reducer two (205), a universal joint transmission shaft three (206), a reducer three (207), a chain wheel and chain transmission two (208) and a reducer four (209), the reducer one (202) is installed on the reducer mounting plate one (107) through the bolt and nut seven (403), the front section of the reducer one (202) is connected with the universal joint transmission shaft one (201), the universal joint transmission shaft one (201) is connected with the tractor, the reducer one (202) is connected with the reducer four (209) through the chain wheel and chain transmission one (203), the reducer one (202) is connected with the reducer two (205) through the universal joint transmission shaft two (204), the reducer two (205) is connected with the reducer three (207) through the universal joint transmission shaft three (206), the reducer three (207) is connected with the rotary tillage transmission shaft (302) through the chain wheel and chain transmission two (208).

7. The machine according to claim 1, 4 or 6, characterized in that: The reducer one (202) is installed on the reducer mounting plate one (107) through the bolt and nut seven (403), the reducer two (205) is installed on the reducer mounting plate two (110) through the bolt and nut eight (405), the reducer three (207) is installed on the reducer mounting plate three (308) through the bolt and nut five (410), and the reducer four (209) is installed on the reducer mounting plate four (111) through the bolt and nut nine (406).

8. The machine according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: One end of the hydraulic cylinder (304) is connected with the soil loosening device rack (305), the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (304) is connected with the front rack (103), and the hydraulic cylinder (304) is powered by the hydraulic system of the tractor.

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