A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system and method, which belongs to the field of channel maintenance technology, and specifically includes: the present invention is provided with an antifreeze system based on solar energy and thermoelectric batteries. In the warm season, the solar radiation is high, and the antifreeze system is powered by solar panels. In the cold season, the solar radiation is low, and a heat rod and a thermoelectric battery can be combined to convert the temperature of flowing water into electrical energy to realize all-weather continuous supply of electrical energy. Through the long short-term memory network algorithm integrated into the remote control terminal, when it is predicted that the soil temperature will be lower than the initial freezing temperature of the channel base soil for 5 consecutive days in the future, the heater is turned on in advance to preheat the slope soil, thereby preventing the damage to the channel caused by soil freezing and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of channel maintenance, and in particular to a low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system and method. Background Art

[0002] National food security has become the foundation of national security. In order to ensure food production, alleviate the uneven distribution of regional water resources and improve the ability of farmland to resist drought, my country has successively built a large number of canal projects. The performance degradation of the canal during service has become a rigid constraint restricting the efficient use of agricultural water resources, especially in Northeast and Northwest my country. The occurrence of frost damage has further aggravated the frequency and mileage of canal damage. As a result, the damage caused by frost heave, such as the bottom of the lining plate being hollowed out, the overlapping or local sliding of the lining plates, is very common, and eventually leads to large-scale landslides during the spring thaw period. The occurrence of landslides not only reduces the water delivery efficiency of the channel but also increases the subsequent maintenance costs. Therefore, it has become an issue that needs to be considered in the design of water conservancy channels. In summary, the use of low-carbon methods to design scientific frost damage prevention and control methods determines the service performance and life of the channel at the micro level, and affects the implementation of the national food security strategy and the dual carbon strategy at the macro level.

[0003] In order to reduce the adverse effects of frost damage on slope stability, the current common methods are to control the moisture and density of the filler and use electric heating to reduce the impact of frost damage. However, due to the uncertainty of precipitation and the long-term influence of channel seepage, the moisture content of the soil inside the channel slope is always changing. In addition, due to the influence of freeze-thaw, the density of the channel slope soil also changes accordingly. Therefore, the method of controlling the basic physical parameters of the filler to offset frost heave has very limited effect on alleviating frost damage on the channel slope. On the other hand, although the use of electric heating can effectively alleviate the occurrence of frost heave, this method has a high initial investment, and when the ambient temperature is below -20℃, the input power exceeds 120 W / m, which is less economical for linear engineering-channel slopes. More importantly, most of the electricity in the cold regions of northern my country is thermal power, and thermal power generation requires a large amount of CO2. If traditional electric heating is used to alleviate the frost heave of the channel slope, it will indirectly cause environmental pollution, which is also not conducive to the implementation of the national "dual carbon" goal. Therefore, from the perspective of economy and sustainability, the popularization of traditional channel antifreeze methods is not realistic. Based on this, it is urgently necessary to construct a low-carbon and intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control method based on the channel's own operating characteristics, so as to improve the long-term service performance of channels in cold regions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system and method to solve the following technical problems:

[0005] Solve the problem of slope instability caused by frost heave deformation of channel slopes in cold season; solve the problems of high energy consumption and poor anti-freeze effect in the prevention and control of channel slope frost damage.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system, comprising a lining plate laid on the surface of the channel slope, a column and a battery fixedly arranged on the top of the lining plate, a solar panel connected to the top of the column, an inverter fixedly connected to the periphery of the column, and the inverter is used to convert the direct current generated by the solar panel into alternating current and transmit it to the battery;

[0008] The inclined surface of the lining plate is fixedly provided with a support base, and the support base is used to fix and support the insulation chamber. A plurality of heat rods are arranged inside the insulation chamber, and the heat rods penetrate the bottom of the insulation chamber and extend below the ice surface of the channel. The surface of the insulation chamber is inlaid with a thermoelectric battery, and the thermoelectric battery is connected to the insulation chamber through a sealant. A heat sink is fixedly connected to the surface of the thermoelectric battery, and the thermoelectric battery transmits the generated electric energy to the storage battery through the circuit;

[0009] A heating film is buried in the slope below the lining plate, a temperature sensor is buried between the heating film and the lining plate, a data recorder is also arranged on the periphery of the column, the temperature sensor transmits the collected soil temperature data to the data recorder, and the data recorder transmits the temperature data to the remote control terminal via wireless.

[0010] A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control method is applied to the above-mentioned low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system, comprising the following steps:

[0011] The remote control terminal automatically reads the temperature of each temperature sensor in the past T days, where T is the preset value, and uses the long short-term memory network algorithm LSTM to predict the soil temperature in the next T+5 days. If the soil temperature is predicted to be lower than T for 5 consecutive days, threshold , T threshold The initial freezing temperature of the channel foundation soil is used to preheat the heating film directly. The upper part of the insulation chamber is composed of 4 temperature difference batteries connected in series. The side wall of the insulation chamber is a ventilation door. The ventilation door is connected to the controller and is opened and closed by the remote control terminal in conjunction with the electric hydraulic rod.

[0012] When the ambient temperature T a >0°C, the remote control terminal opens the ventilation doors on both sides of the insulation room and automatically enters the sleep mode. At this time, T a ≥Inner temperature of the insulation chamber T inter_wall >Water temperature T water , the heat rod is in a stopped working state, and the battery power comes from the solar panel;

[0013] When the ambient temperature T a ≤0°C, the ventilation doors on both sides of the insulation chamber are automatically closed; the heat rod is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section, wherein the evaporation section of the heat rod is below the maximum ice thickness, at this time T a <T inter_wall <T water , the heat rod starts to work and carries the heat from the river to the insulation chamber. At this time, T inter_wall Higher than T a The temperature difference battery continuously supplies power to the storage battery. The remote control terminal independently controls the heating of the heating film corresponding to each temperature sensor, and automatically reads the values ​​of all temperature sensors at regular intervals. When the soil temperature T is detected, soil > At 0.5°C, the heater of the heating film is turned off.

[0014] The specific steps of LSTM algorithm to predict soil temperature are:

[0015] Get historical land temperature data, preprocess the land temperature data, create time series data, divide the historical temperature data into input sequence and target sequence, and use the temperature data of the past T days to predict the temperature of the T+1 day: in, represents the temperature data for the past T days, Represents the temperature data of the T+1th day;

[0016] The LSTM model input layer receives the input sequence , the memory cell state and hidden state are calculated through the LSTM unit, the output gate outputs the predicted value, and the memory cell state is updated as follows: in, Represents the current state of the memory unit, combined with the forget gate output and input gate output update; Indicates the state of the memory unit at the previous moment; Represents the candidate memory cell state, which is the new information generated based on the current input and the previous hidden state. represents element-wise multiplication;

[0017] The hidden state calculation formula is as follows: in, Represents the hidden state at the current moment, which is the output of the LSTM unit; Indicates that the Tanh transformation is performed on the current memory cell state, compressing the value to between -1 and 1; represents the output of the output gate;

[0018] The output gate calculation formula is as follows: in, Represents the output of the output gate, which is used to determine the ratio of the memory cell state to the hidden state, and the ratio is between 0 and 1; Represents the weight matrix of the output gate; represents the bias vector of the output gate; Indicates the hidden state at the previous moment; Represents the input data at the current moment.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the pretreatment process is:

[0020] Delete missing values ​​and outliers, use linear interpolation to fill in, normalize the temperature data, and normalize the data to between 0 and 1. The specific formula is as follows: in, is the original temperature data; is the normalized data; is the maximum value in the temperature series; is the minimum value in the temperature series.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the process of verifying the model is:

[0022] The historical land temperature data is divided into training set, validation set and test set; and the mean square error (MSE) is used as the loss function. The Adam optimizer is used to minimize the loss function and update the model weights. The MSE is calculated as follows: Where n represents the number of samples; represents the true value; Represents the predicted value. When the MSE is lower than the preset threshold, it means that the model is qualified.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: when it is predicted that the decrease in the soil temperature relative to the current soil temperature within the next T+5 days is greater than a preset threshold, the heating film is preheated in advance.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The present invention overcomes the defects of a single power supply source by using solar energy and thermoelectric batteries. When the sunshine time in Northeast China is short and the radiation is low in winter, thermoelectric batteries can be used to convert the temperature of flowing water into electrical energy to achieve all-weather continuous supply of electrical energy, thereby realizing long-term maintenance of the channel slope. Based on the long short-term memory network algorithm integrated into the remote control terminal, the starting time of soil freezing can be predicted in advance and the heater can be turned on in advance for preheating, thereby preventing damage to the channel caused by soil freezing and reducing unnecessary energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the channel slope frost damage prevention and control system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermoelectric battery of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating film of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulation chamber of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the system module of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Solar panel; 2. Column; 3. Inverter; 4. Battery; 5. Data recorder; 6. Temperature difference battery; 7. Heat sink; 8. Insulation chamber; 9. Heat rod; 10. Ice surface; 11. Lining plate; 12. Heating film; 13. Temperature sensor; 14. Support base; 15. Remote control terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention is a low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system, comprising a lining plate 11 laid on the surface of the channel slope, characterized in that a column 2 and a battery 4 are fixedly arranged on the top of the lining plate 11, a solar panel 1 is connected to the top of the column 2, and an inverter 3 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the column 2, and the inverter 3 is used to convert the direct current generated by the solar panel 1 into alternating current and transmit it to the battery 4;

[0036] The inclined surface of the lining plate 11 is fixedly provided with a support base 14, and the support base 14 is used to fix and support the insulation chamber 8. A plurality of heat rods 9 are arranged inside the insulation chamber 8, and the heat rods 9 penetrate the bottom of the insulation chamber 8 and extend below the channel ice surface 10. The surface of the insulation chamber 8 is inlaid with a thermoelectric battery 6, and the thermoelectric battery 6 is connected to the insulation chamber 8 through a sealant. The surface of the thermoelectric battery 6 is fixedly connected with a heat sink 7, and the thermoelectric battery 6 transmits the generated electric energy to the storage battery 4 through the circuit;

[0037] A heating film 12 is buried in the slope below the lining plate 11, a temperature sensor 13 is buried between the heating film 12 and the lining plate 11, and a data recorder 5 is also arranged on the periphery of the column 2. The temperature sensor 13 transmits the collected soil temperature data to the data recorder 5, and the data recorder 5 transmits the temperature data to the remote control terminal 15 via wireless.

[0038] The working principle is as follows: the solar panel 1 is rigidly connected to the column 2, and the inverter 3 and the data recorder 5 are fixed to the column 2 with screws. The inverter 3 is connected to the battery 4. The heat rod 9 is divided into three sections, namely the evaporation section, the insulation section and the condensation section. The circulating working fluid inside the heat rod 9 is liquid ammonia. When installing, ensure that the evaporation section is located below the maximum ice thickness of the ice surface 10 (below 0.5 m from the lower edge of the maximum ice thickness). After freezing in winter, the underwater temperature is still higher than 0°C. When the temperature inside the insulation chamber 8 (the outer layer is stainless steel, and the inner layer is mixed with insulation material with a thickness of 5 cm. This device is designed to create a temperature difference between indoors and outdoors and induce the operation of the temperature difference battery) at the upper part of the slope is lower than the water temperature, the liquid ammonia evaporates and rises to the condensation section, and then releases heat and falls back to the evaporation section again, thereby continuously transporting the underwater heat to the interior of the insulation chamber 8. Due to the winter air temperature ( T a ) is low (most of the time it is below 0°C), while the temperature inside the insulation chamber 8 is significantly higher than the outside temperature. Driven by the temperature difference, the thermoelectric cell 6 starts to work and stores the electric energy in the storage battery 4. Therefore, the electric energy of the storage battery 4 in the present invention comes from the solar panel 1 and the thermoelectric cell 6 (under the Seebeck effect, an electromotive force can be generated under the temperature difference, and the thermoelectric cell is connected to the insulation chamber using a sealant), overcoming the defect of a single power supply source, especially when the sunshine time in the northeast region is short and the radiation is low in winter, the thermoelectric cell 6 can be used to convert the temperature of the flowing water into electric energy to realize the all-weather continuous supply of electric energy. The insulation chamber 8 is fixed to the slope by a support base 14 and expansion bolts.

[0039] The heating film 12 is buried 5 cm below the lining plate 11, and the temperature sensor 13 is buried between the bottom of the lining plate 11 and the corresponding heating film 12. The temperature sensor 13 is connected to the data recorder 5. At the same time, the data recorder 5 is equipped with a wireless module. The soil temperature inside the slope can be viewed and recorded in real time through the remote control terminal 15, that is, T soil The heating module is also equipped with a remote control module, and each heating film 12 can be opened and closed individually through the remote control terminal 15.

[0040] A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control method is applied to the above-mentioned low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system, comprising the following steps:

[0041] The remote control terminal 15 automatically reads the temperature of each temperature sensor 13 in the past T days, where T is a preset value, and uses the long short-term memory network algorithm LSTM to predict the soil temperature in the next T+5 days. When the soil temperature is predicted to be lower than T for 5 consecutive days, the remote control terminal 15 automatically reads the temperature of each temperature sensor 13 in the past T days, where T is a preset value, and uses the long short-term memory network algorithm LSTM to predict the soil temperature in the next T+5 days. threshold , T threshold The initial freezing temperature of the channel foundation soil is used to directly preheat the heating film 12. The upper part of the insulation chamber 8 is composed of 4 temperature difference batteries connected in series. The side wall of the insulation chamber 8 is a ventilation door. The ventilation door is connected to the controller and is opened and closed by the remote control terminal 15 in cooperation with the electric hydraulic rod.

[0042] When the ambient temperature T a >0°C, the remote control terminal 15 opens the ventilation doors on both sides of the insulation chamber 8 and automatically enters the sleep mode. At this time, T a ≥Inner temperature of insulation chamber 8 T inter_wall >Water temperature T water , the heat rod 9 is in a stopped working state, and the battery 4 is powered by the solar panel 1;

[0043] When the ambient temperature T a ≤0°C, the ventilation doors on both sides of the insulation chamber 8 are automatically closed; the heat rod 9 is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section, wherein the evaporation section of the heat rod 9 is below the maximum ice thickness, at this time T a <T inter_wall <T water , the heat rod 9 starts to work and carries the heat inside the river to the inside of the insulation chamber 8. At this time, T inter_wall Higher than T a The temperature difference battery 6 continuously supplies power to the storage battery 4, and the remote control terminal 15 independently controls the heating film 12 corresponding to each temperature sensor 13, and automatically reads the values ​​of all temperature sensors 13 at regular intervals. When the soil temperature T is detected, soil > When the temperature reaches 0.5°C, the heater of the heating film 12 is turned off.

[0044] The specific steps of LSTM algorithm to predict soil temperature are:

[0045] Get historical land temperature data, preprocess the land temperature data, create time series data, divide the historical temperature data into input sequence and target sequence, and use the temperature data of the past T days to predict the temperature of the T+1 day: in, represents the temperature data for the past T days, Represents the temperature data of the T+1th day;

[0046] The LSTM model input layer receives the input sequence , the memory cell state and hidden state are calculated through the LSTM unit, the output gate outputs the predicted value, and the memory cell state is updated as follows: in, Represents the current state of the memory unit, combined with the forget gate output and input gate output update; Indicates the state of the memory unit at the previous moment; Represents the candidate memory cell state, which is the new information generated based on the current input and the previous hidden state. represents element-wise multiplication;

[0047] The hidden state calculation formula is as follows: in, Represents the hidden state at the current moment, which is the output of the LSTM unit; Indicates that the Tanh transformation is performed on the current memory cell state, compressing the value to between -1 and 1; represents the output of the output gate;

[0048] The output gate calculation formula is as follows: in, Represents the output of the output gate, which is used to determine the ratio of the memory cell state to the hidden state, and the ratio is between 0 and 1; Represents the weight matrix of the output gate; represents the bias vector of the output gate; Indicates the hidden state at the previous moment; Represents the input data at the current moment.

[0049] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment process is:

[0050] Delete missing values ​​and outliers, use linear interpolation to fill in, normalize the temperature data, and normalize the data to between 0 and 1. The specific formula is as follows: in, is the original temperature data; is the normalized data; is the maximum value in the temperature series; is the minimum value in the temperature series.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of verifying the model is:

[0052] The historical land temperature data is divided into training set, validation set and test set; and the mean square error (MSE) is used as the loss function. The Adam optimizer is used to minimize the loss function and update the model weights. The MSE is calculated as follows: Where n represents the number of samples; represents the true value; Represents the predicted value. When the MSE is lower than the preset threshold, it means that the model is qualified.

[0053] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when it is predicted that the decrease in the soil temperature relative to the current soil temperature within the next T+5 days is greater than a preset threshold, the heating film 12 is preheated in advance.

[0054] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system, comprising a lining plate (11) laid on the surface of the channel slope, characterized in that: A column (2) and a storage battery (4) are fixedly arranged on the top of the lining plate (11); a solar panel (1) is connected to the top of the column (2); an inverter (3) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the column (2); the inverter (3) is used to convert direct current generated by the solar panel (1) into alternating current and transmit it to the storage battery (4); A support base (14) is fixedly provided on the inclined surface of the lining plate (11), the support base (14) being used to fix and support the insulation chamber (8), a plurality of heat rods (9) being provided inside the insulation chamber (8), the heat rods (9) penetrating the bottom of the insulation chamber (8) and extending below the channel ice surface (10), a temperature difference battery (6) being embedded on the surface of the insulation chamber (8), the temperature difference battery (6) being connected to the insulation chamber (8) via a sealant, a heat sink (7) being fixedly connected to the surface of the temperature difference battery (6), and the temperature difference battery (6) transmitting the generated electric energy to the storage battery (4) via a circuit; A heating film (12) is buried in the slope below the lining plate (11), a temperature sensor (13) is buried between the heating film (12) and the lining plate (11), a data recorder (5) is also arranged on the periphery of the column (2), the temperature sensor (13) transmits collected soil temperature data to the data recorder (5), and the data recorder (5) transmits the temperature data to a remote control terminal (15) via wireless communication; A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control method is applied to a low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control system, comprising the following steps: The remote control terminal (15) automatically reads the temperature of each temperature sensor (13) for the past T days, where T is a preset value, and uses the long short-term memory network algorithm LSTM to predict the soil temperature for the next T+5 days. If the soil temperature is predicted to be lower than T for 5 consecutive days, threshold , T threshold The heating film (12) is directly preheated to the initial freezing temperature of the channel foundation soil. The upper part of the insulation chamber (8) is composed of four temperature difference batteries connected in series. The side wall of the insulation chamber (8) is a ventilation door. The ventilation door is connected to the controller and is opened and closed by the remote control terminal (15) in cooperation with the electric hydraulic rod. When the ambient temperature T a >0°C, the remote control terminal (15) opens the ventilation doors on both sides of the insulation chamber (8) and automatically enters the sleep mode. At this time, T a ≥ Temperature T inside the insulation chamber (8) inter_wall >Water temperature T water , the heat rod (9) is in a stopped working state, and the battery (4) is powered by the solar panel (1); When the ambient temperature T a ≤0°C, the ventilation doors on both sides of the insulation chamber (8) are automatically closed; the heat rod (9) is divided into an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section, wherein the evaporation section of the heat rod (9) is below the maximum ice thickness, at this time T a <T inter_wall <T water , the heat rod (9) starts to work and carries the heat from the river to the insulation chamber (8). At this time, T inter_wall Higher than T a The temperature difference battery (6) continuously supplies power to the storage battery (4), and the remote control terminal (15) individually controls the heating film (12) corresponding to each temperature sensor (13) to heat, and automatically reads the values ​​of all temperature sensors (13) at regular intervals. When the soil temperature T is detected, soil > When the temperature is 0.5°C, the heater of the heating film (12) is turned off; The specific steps of LSTM algorithm to predict soil temperature are: Get historical land temperature data, preprocess the land temperature data, create time series data, divide the historical temperature data into input sequence and target sequence, and use the temperature data of the past T days to predict the temperature of the T+1 day: in, represents the temperature data for the past T days, Represents the temperature data of the T+1th day; The LSTM model input layer receives the input sequence , the memory cell state and hidden state are calculated through the LSTM unit, the output gate outputs the predicted value, and the memory cell state is updated as follows: in, Represents the current state of the memory unit, combined with the forget gate output and input gate output update; Indicates the state of the memory unit at the previous moment; Represents the candidate memory cell state, which is the new information generated based on the current input and the previous hidden state. represents element-wise multiplication; The hidden state calculation formula is as follows: in, Represents the hidden state at the current moment, which is the output of the LSTM unit; Indicates that the Tanh transformation is performed on the current memory cell state, compressing the value to between -1 and 1; The output gate calculation formula is as follows: in, Represents the output of the output gate, which is used to determine the ratio of the memory cell state to the hidden state, and the ratio is between 0 and 1; Represents the weight matrix of the output gate; represents the bias vector of the output gate; Indicates the hidden state at the previous moment; Represents the input data at the current moment.

2. A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-processing process is as follows: Delete missing values ​​and outliers, use linear interpolation to fill in, normalize the temperature data, and normalize the data to between 0 and 1. The specific formula is as follows: in, is the original temperature data; is the normalized data; is the maximum value in the temperature series; is the minimum value in the temperature series.

3. A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of validating the model is as follows: The historical land temperature data is divided into training set, validation set and test set; and the mean square error (MSE) is used as the loss function. The Adam optimizer is used to minimize the loss function and update the model weights. The MSE is calculated as follows: Where n represents the number of samples; represents the true value; Represents the predicted value. When the MSE is lower than the preset threshold, it means that the model is qualified.

4. A low-carbon intelligent channel slope frost damage prevention and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is predicted that the decrease in the soil temperature relative to the current soil temperature within the next T+5 days is greater than a preset threshold, the heating film (12) is preheated in advance.

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