A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cavern surrounding rock monitoring, and discloses a displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock, including: a hole fixing mechanism, which is arranged at the opening of a monitoring hole of the surrounding rock and fixed to the surrounding rock by expansion bolts; an in-hole anchoring system, which includes anchoring components arranged in sequence, the anchoring components including a bearing tube, the outer ring of the bearing tube is connected with a clamping mechanism for contacting the inner wall of the monitoring hole, the inner ring of the bearing tube is provided with an adjustment locking mechanism for adjusting the state of the clamping mechanism, and the outer ring of the bearing tube is fixedly connected with a connecting seat for monitoring connection. The present invention realizes batch fixed-point anchoring reinforcement operations for in-hole anchoring inside the cavern surrounding rock, does not need to perform multiple installation operations of anchoring points inside the monitoring hole, improves the installation efficiency and quality of the in-hole anchoring points, reduces the difficulty of installation operations for monitoring personnel, makes the reinforcement connection strength of the in-hole anchoring points consistent, avoids the occurrence of inaccurate monitoring accuracy caused by inconsistent reinforcement strength of various points in the hole, and improves the monitoring accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cavern surrounding rock monitoring, and in particular to a displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock. Background Art

[0002] When carrying out cavern surrounding rock construction, construction personnel need to understand the deformation size of the deep rock strata of the surrounding rock and its temporal and spatial variation law during the construction process to judge the rationality of the construction plan and guide subsequent construction. On the other hand, the displacement size of the deep rock strata of the surrounding rock is not only affected by construction factors, but also related to the structure and strength of the surrounding rock. Hard rock has small deformation, while soft rock has large deformation. In addition, the frequency and time of on-site monitoring are high, so the measuring equipment is required to have a large range, high accuracy, convenient installation and simple operation. The deep displacement of the surrounding rock is generally measured by a multi-point displacement meter. The method adopted is to drill several straight holes of several meters or even tens of meters in the section of concern, arrange measuring points at different depths in the hole according to needs, and measure the size and direction of the displacement of the rock strata at different depths in the surrounding rock at the hole mouth. The multi-point displacement meter is mainly composed of a hole mouth reading device and a hole measuring point anchoring device. At present, the hole measuring point anchoring adopts multiple anchoring operations, the anchoring strength of different points is inconsistent, and the monitoring error is large. At the same time, the multiple-point multiple anchoring operations are unchanged, and the construction operation of the construction personnel is not utilized. Therefore, a displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems that multiple anchoring operations are required for anchoring measuring points in the hole, the anchoring strengths at different points are inconsistent, the monitoring errors are relatively different, and the multiple anchoring operations at multiple points are inconvenient and not conducive to the construction operations of construction personnel, the present invention provides a displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock.

[0004] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: A displacement monitoring system for cave surrounding rock, comprising:

[0005] A hole fixing mechanism is arranged at the opening of the monitoring hole of the surrounding rock and fixed to the surrounding rock through expansion bolts;

[0006] The in-hole anchoring system comprises anchoring assemblies arranged in sequence, wherein the anchoring assemblies comprise a bearing tube, the outer ring of the bearing tube is connected with a clamping mechanism for contacting with the inner wall of the monitoring hole, the inner ring of the bearing tube is provided with an adjusting locking mechanism for adjusting the state of the clamping mechanism, and the outer ring of the bearing tube is fixedly connected with a connecting seat for monitoring connection;

[0007] The orifice monitoring system comprises a fixing plate fixedly connected to the orifice fixing mechanism, an end plate is arranged on one side of the fixing plate, and array-distributed monitoring components are arranged between the end plate and the fixing plate;

[0008] A steel wire is used for monitoring and connecting operations of the in-hole anchoring system and the orifice monitoring system, one end of the steel wire is connected to the connection seat, and the other end of the steel wire is connected to the monitoring component;

[0009] The installation auxiliary system includes a hollow structure cylinder, which is provided with a rotation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the in-hole anchoring system for anchoring, the output end of the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to a docking mechanism for docking with the in-hole anchoring system, and one side of the rotation locking mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism for positioning the in-hole anchoring system.

[0010] Through the above technical scheme, the hole mouth fixing mechanism is fixed to the surrounding rock by expansion bolts, and then the in-hole anchoring system is pre-installed on the installation auxiliary system, and then the installation auxiliary system installed with the in-hole anchoring system is extended from the opening of the monitoring hole into the monitoring hole, and the state of the in-hole anchoring system is adjusted by using the installation auxiliary system so that the in-hole anchoring system is in conflict with the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and then the installation auxiliary system is pulled out and the hole mouth monitoring system is connected to the hole mouth fixing mechanism, and the connection monitoring operation of the in-hole anchoring system and the hole mouth monitoring system is completed.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the clamping mechanism includes a sliding tube slidably sleeved on the outer ring of the supporting tube, and the sliding tube is connected to the adjusting locking mechanism, the outer ring of the sliding tube is hinged with a pull rod 1 arranged in an array, the other end of the pull rod 1 is hinged with a splint, and the side of the splint close to the sliding tube is hinged with a pull rod 2 hinged to the outer wall of the sliding tube.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the sliding tube moves, and under the action of the pull rods 1 and 2, the clamp moves to the side away from the supporting tube, so that multiple groups of circumferentially distributed clamps arranged on the outer ring of the supporting tube abut against the inside of the monitoring hole.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the adjustment locking mechanism includes two groups of guide grooves opened in the inner circle of the load-bearing tube and arranged along the length direction thereof, one side of one of the guide grooves is provided with a transfer groove located on the inner wall of the load-bearing tube, and the transfer groove is coaxially arranged with the load-bearing tube, and the side of the transfer groove away from the end of the guide groove is provided with an adjustment groove arranged parallel to the guide groove, an extension channel of the load-bearing tube passes through the middle position of the adjustment groove, a push-pull plate is slidably connected to the extension channel, and the push-pull plate is fixedly connected to the clamping mechanism, the push-pull plate extends into one end of the load-bearing tube and is fixedly connected to a receiving plate, the receiving plate passes through a slideway arranged along the length direction thereof, and two groups of parallel contact plates are slidably connected inside the slideway, the ends of the two groups of contact plates away from the transfer groove are fixedly connected to locking rods, and a spring is fixedly connected between the two groups of contact plates.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above scheme, one end of the locking rod is fixedly connected to one of the contact plates, and the other end of the locking rod passes through the other contact plate and is clamped with the inner wall of the adjustment groove. The sides of the two groups of contact plates close to each other are clamped with the docking mechanism and between the locking rod and the inner wall of the adjustment groove by a clamping groove and tooth method.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, when the two groups of contact plates move away from each other, the locking rods on the contact plates are not engaged with the inner side walls of the adjustment grooves, thereby pushing the contact plates and the storage plates to move along the length direction of the extension channel.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the rotation adjustment mechanism includes a movable tube slidably connected to the top of the cylinder, the inner ring of the movable tube is slidably sleeved with a push rod sliding along its length direction, and the push rod is connected to the docking mechanism, one end of the push rod extending into the cylinder is slidably connected to a retaining tube fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder, the bottom of one end of the movable tube extending into the cylinder is fixed with an L-shaped push-pull rod, both sides of the push-pull rod are fixed with extrusion blocks of a trapezoidal structure slidably connected to the docking mechanism, and both sides of the push-pull rod are provided with blocking rods fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the cross-section of the inner ring of the movable tube is consistent with the cross-section of the outer ring of the push rod and both are regular polygonal structures. The outer ring of one end of the movable tube extending from the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a pressing plate, and the bottom of the pressing plate is fixedly connected to a spring three that contacts the top of the cylinder.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the docking mechanism includes a channel 1 with an arc-shaped structure that passes through the cylinder and a mounting seat fixedly connected to the rotation adjustment mechanism, and the channel 1 is coaxially arranged with the cylinder, and a channel 2 arranged along the length direction of the cylinder is opened at one end of the channel 1, and two groups of symmetrically distributed L-shaped docking plates are arranged inside the channel 1. The mounting seat is provided with a slide groove, and a limiting rod slidably connected to the docking plate is fixedly connected between the inner side walls on both sides of the slide groove. A pushing groove slidably connected to the rotation adjustment mechanism is opened on the side where the two groups of docking plates are close to each other, and a spring 2 is fixedly connected between the two groups of docking plates. One end of the docking plate extends out of the cylinder from the channel 1.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the docking operation with the supporting tube is realized by the advancement of the cylinder, and the position and opening and closing state of the two sets of docking plates on the cylinder are adjusted by the push rod and the movable tube to realize the state adjustment of the adjustment locking mechanism.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the locking mechanism includes two groups of storage tubes fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder, one side of the storage tube is connected to an air pipe arranged along its length direction, the other end of the air pipe is connected to a storage hole of a trapezoidal structure that penetrates the cylinder, the storage hole is slidably connected to a push rod of a T-shaped structure, the outer ring of one end of the push rod extending out of the cylinder is slidably sleeved with a traction plate fixed to the cylinder, and the traction plate is slidably connected to the adjustment locking mechanism.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the pressing plate 1 located at the top of the cylinder is pulled, the pressing plate 1 moves upward and drives the pressure rod to move upward, and then the driving frame moves upward, so that the interior of the storage tube is in a negative pressure state, the medium pressure inside the storage tube is reduced, and the push rod moves toward the storage hole. At this time, the front end of the push rod does not extend from the end of the traction plate. By adjusting the extended state of the push rod, the positioning and docking operation with the supporting tube is realized.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a U-shaped driving frame is slidably sleeved between the tops of the two groups of storage tubes, a pressure rod slidably sleeved with the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the driving frame, a pressing plate 1 is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the pressure plate extending out of the cylinder, and a spring 4 fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate 1.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the monitoring assembly includes a reinforcement rod and a display rod fixed between the end plate and the fixed plate, a support plate is slidably connected between the reinforcement rod and the display rod, the end of the support plate away from the fixed plate is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw threadedly sleeved with the end plate, a spring dynamometer is installed at the end of the support plate close to the fixed plate, a retaining plate slidably connected to the reinforcement rod and the display rod is connected to the side of the spring dynamometer close to the fixed plate, a hook is installed on the side of the retaining plate close to the fixed plate, and the fixed plate is penetrated by an insertion hole for the passage of a steel wire.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the steel wire passes through the through hole on the fixed plate and is connected to the hook. The position of the spring dynamometer is adjusted by adjusting the screw to start tension and displacement monitoring. The displacement amount is judged by observing the displacement change of the retaining plate on the display rod, and the tension change is determined by the reading of the spring dynamometer.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention adopts a pre-installation auxiliary method to realize batch fixed-point anchoring reinforcement operations of the anchors in the holes inside the surrounding rock of the cavern. There is no need to perform multiple installation operations of the anchor points inside the monitoring holes, which improves the installation efficiency and quality of the anchor points in the holes and reduces the difficulty of installation operations for monitoring personnel.

[0027] The present invention adopts a batch synchronous installation method to ensure that the reinforcement connection strength of the anchor points in the hole is consistent, thereby avoiding the situation where the monitoring accuracy is inaccurate due to inconsistent reinforcement strength of each point in the hole.

[0028] The present invention realizes the multi-point independent monitoring operation of the monitoring hole, so that the anchor points inside the monitoring hole do not interfere with each other, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring status of the borehole monitoring system and the in-hole anchoring system provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring system in the pre-installed hole of the installation auxiliary system provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the in-hole anchoring system provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the in-hole anchoring system provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 The present invention provides Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure in FIG.

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the storage plate and the push-pull plate provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the contact plate and the locking rod provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the installation auxiliary system provided by the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 A vertical cross-sectional view of the installation auxiliary system provided by the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 A transverse cross-sectional view of the installation auxiliary system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the extrusion block and the push-pull rod distribution provided by the present invention;

[0040] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the orifice monitoring system provided by the present invention.

[0041] Description of main symbols:

[0042] 1. Orifice fixing mechanism; 2. Orifice monitoring system; 3. In-hole anchoring system; 4. Steel wire; 5. Installation auxiliary system; 21. Fixing plate; 22. Insertion hole; 23. End plate; 24. Reinforcement rod; 25. Display rod; 26. Support plate; 27. Adjustment screw; 28. Spring tension gauge; 29. ​​Retaining plate; 210. Hook; 31. Carrying tube; 32. Guide groove; 33. Adapter groove; 35. Adjustment groove; 36. Extending channel; 37. Storage plate; 38. Slideway; 39. Push-pull plate; 310. Contact plate; 3 11. Locking rod; 312. Spring 1; 313. Connecting seat; 41. Sliding tube; 42. Pull rod 1; 43. Clamp; 44. Pull rod 2; 51. Cylinder; 52. Push rod; 53. Retaining tube; 54. Movable tube; 55. Push-pull rod; 56. Blocking rod; 57. Extrusion block; 61. Mounting seat; 62. Slide groove; 63. Limiting rod; 64. Docking plate; 65. Push groove; 66. Channel 1; 67. Channel 2; 71. Storage hole; 72. Push rod; 73. Pulling plate; 74. Air pipe; 75. Storage tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Please combine Figure 1-Figure 12 , a displacement monitoring system for cave surrounding rock of this embodiment includes:

[0046] The hole fixing mechanism 1 is arranged at the opening of the monitoring hole of the surrounding rock and fixed to the surrounding rock by expansion bolts, and comprises a fixing plate fixedly connected to the fixing plate 21 by bolts and an extension pipe fixedly connected to the fixing plate and extending into the monitoring hole;

[0047] The in-hole anchoring system 3 includes anchoring components arranged in sequence, the anchoring components include a bearing tube 31, the outer ring of the bearing tube 31 is connected with a clamping mechanism for contacting with the inner wall of the monitoring hole, the inner ring of the bearing tube 31 is provided with an adjustment locking mechanism for adjusting the state of the clamping mechanism, and the outer ring of the bearing tube 31 is fixed with a connecting seat 313 for monitoring connection;

[0048] The orifice monitoring system 2 comprises a fixing plate 21 fixedly connected to the orifice fixing mechanism 1, an end plate 23 is arranged on one side of the fixing plate 21, and an array-distributed monitoring component is arranged between the end plate 23 and the fixing plate 21;

[0049] The steel wire 4 is used for monitoring and connecting operation between the in-hole anchoring system 3 and the orifice monitoring system 2. One end of the steel wire 4 is connected to the connection seat 313, and the other end of the steel wire 4 is connected to the monitoring assembly;

[0050] The installation auxiliary system 5 includes a hollow structure cylinder 51, which is provided with a rotation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the in-hole anchoring system 3 for anchoring, the output end of the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to a docking mechanism for docking with the in-hole anchoring system 3, and one side of the rotation locking mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism for positioning the in-hole anchoring system 3.

[0051] The implementation principle of a displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the orifice fixing mechanism 1 is fixed to the surrounding rock by expansion bolts, and then the in-hole anchoring system 3 is pre-installed on the auxiliary installation system 5, and then the auxiliary installation system 5 installed with the in-hole anchoring system 3 is extended from the opening of the monitoring hole into the monitoring hole, and the state of the in-hole anchoring system 3 is adjusted by using the auxiliary installation system 5 so that the in-hole anchoring system 3 is in conflict with the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and then the auxiliary installation system 5 is pulled out and the orifice monitoring system 2 is connected to the orifice fixing mechanism 1, and the connection monitoring operation of the in-hole anchoring system 3 and the orifice monitoring system 2 is completed.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Based on Example 1, this embodiment is further improved in that: the clamping mechanism includes a sliding tube 41 slidably sleeved on the outer ring of the supporting tube 31, and the sliding tube 41 is fixedly connected to the push-pull plate 39 of the adjustment locking mechanism, the outer ring of the sliding tube 41 is hinged with a pull rod 42 arranged in an array, the other end of the pull rod 42 is hinged with a splint 43, and the splint 43 is hinged on one side close to the sliding tube 41 with a pull rod 2 44 hinged to the outer wall of the sliding tube 41.

[0054] The adjusting and locking mechanism comprises two groups of guide grooves 32 which are provided in the inner circle of the supporting tube 31 and are arranged along the length direction thereof, one side of one of the guide grooves 32 is provided with a transfer groove 33 which is located on the inner wall of the supporting tube 31, and the transfer groove 33 is arranged coaxially with the supporting tube 31, one side of the transfer groove 33 which is away from the guide groove 32 is provided with an adjusting groove 35 which is arranged parallel to the guide groove 32, a middle position of the adjusting groove 35 is penetrated by an extension channel 36 of the supporting tube 31, a push-pull plate 39 is slidably connected to the extension channel 36, and the push-pull plate 39 is fixedly connected to the sliding tube 41 of the clamping mechanism, one end of the push-pull plate 39 which extends into the supporting tube 31 is fixedly connected with a receiving plate 37, and the receiving plate 37 is penetrated by a slideway 38 which is arranged along the length direction thereof, two groups of parallelly arranged contact plates 310 are slidably connected inside the slideway 38, one end of the two groups of contact plates 310 which are away from the transfer groove 33 is fixedly connected with a locking rod 311, and a spring 1 312 is fixedly connected between the two groups of contact plates 310.

[0055] One end of the locking rod 311 is fixedly connected to one of the contact plates 310, and the other end of the locking rod 311 passes through the other contact plate 310 and is clamped with the inner wall of the adjustment groove 35. The sides of the two groups of contact plates 310 that are close to each other are clamped with the docking plate 64 of the docking mechanism and between the locking rod 311 and the inner wall of the adjustment groove 35 by a clamping groove and clamping tooth method.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] Based on Example 1, this embodiment is further improved in that: the rotation adjustment mechanism includes a movable tube 54 slidably connected to the top of the cylinder 51, the inner circle of the movable tube 54 is slidably sleeved with a push rod 52 that slides along its length direction, and the push rod 52 is connected to the docking mechanism, one end of the push rod 52 extending into the cylinder 51 is slidably connected to a retaining tube 53 fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder 51, the bottom of one end of the movable tube 54 extending into the cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped push-pull rod 55, both sides of the push-pull rod 55 are fixedly connected to extrusion blocks 57 of a trapezoidal structure that are slidably connected to the push groove 65 of the docking mechanism, and both sides of the push-pull rod 55 are provided with blocking rods 56 fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder 51.

[0058] The inner cross section of the movable tube 54 is consistent with the outer cross section of the push rod 52 and both are regular polygonal structures. The outer circle of one end of the movable tube 54 extending out of the top of the cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to a pressing plate, and the bottom of the pressing plate is fixedly connected to a spring three that contacts the top of the cylinder 51.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] The docking mechanism includes a channel 1 66 with an arc-shaped structure that passes through the cylinder 51 and a mounting seat 61 fixedly connected to the push rod 52 of the rotation adjustment mechanism, and the channel 1 66 is coaxially arranged with the cylinder 51. A channel 2 67 arranged along the length direction of the cylinder 51 is opened at one end of the channel 1 66, and two groups of symmetrically distributed L-shaped docking plates 64 are arranged inside the channel 1 66. The mounting seat 61 is provided with a slide groove 62, and a limiting rod 63 slidably connected to the docking plate 64 is fixedly connected between the inner side walls on both sides of the slide groove 62. A pushing groove 65 slidably connected to the extrusion block 57 of the rotation adjustment mechanism is opened on the side where the two groups of docking plates 64 are close to each other. A spring 2 is fixedly connected between the two groups of docking plates 64, and one end of the docking plate 64 extends out of the cylinder 51 from the channel 1 66.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] The locking mechanism includes two groups of storage tubes 75 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder 51, one side of the storage tube 75 is connected to an air pipe 74 arranged along its length direction, and the other end of the air pipe 74 is connected to a storage hole 71 of a trapezoidal structure that penetrates the cylinder 51, and the storage hole 71 is slidably connected to a T-shaped push rod 72, and the outer ring of one end of the push rod 72 extending out of the cylinder 51 is slidably sleeved with a traction plate 73 fixed to the cylinder 51, and the traction plate 73 is slidably connected to the adjustment locking mechanism, and a positioning hole that docks with the push rod 72 is opened on the inner wall of the guide groove 32.

[0063] A U-shaped driving frame is slidably sleeved between the tops of the two groups of storage tubes 75, and a pressure rod slidably sleeved with the top of the cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the top of the driving frame. A pressing plate 1 is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the pressure plate extending out of the cylinder 51, and a spring 4 fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate 1.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] The monitoring assembly includes a reinforcement rod 24 and a display rod 25 fixed between the end plate 23 and the fixed plate 21, a support plate 26 is slidably connected between the reinforcement rod 24 and the display rod 25, the end of the support plate 26 away from the fixed plate 21 is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw 27 threadedly sleeved with the end plate 23, a spring dynamometer 28 is installed at the end of the support plate 26 close to the fixed plate 21, a retaining plate 29 slidably connected to the reinforcement rod 24 and the display rod 25 is connected to the side of the spring dynamometer 28 close to the fixed plate 21, a hook 210 is installed on the side of the retaining plate 29 close to the fixed plate 21, and the fixed plate 21 is penetrated by an insertion hole 22 for the steel wire 4 to pass through.

[0066] Working principle:

[0067] During installation, the orifice fixing mechanism 1 is first fixed to the surrounding rock by expansion bolts, and then the in-hole anchoring system 3 is pre-installed on the installation auxiliary system 5, and then the installation auxiliary system 5 installed with the in-hole anchoring system 3 is extended from the opening of the monitoring hole into the monitoring hole, and the state of the in-hole anchoring system 3 is adjusted by using the installation auxiliary system 5, so that the in-hole anchoring system 3 is in conflict with the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and then the installation auxiliary system 5 is pulled out and the orifice monitoring system 2 is connected to the orifice fixing mechanism 1, and the connection monitoring operation of the in-hole anchoring system 3 and the orifice monitoring system 2 is completed;

[0068] When the in-hole anchoring system 3 is pre-installed on the auxiliary installation system 5, the pressing plate 1 located at the top of the cylinder 51 is pulled, the pressing plate 1 moves upward and drives the pressure rod to move upward, and then the driving frame moves upward, so that the inside of the storage tube 75 is in a negative pressure state, and the pressure of the medium (including air medium or liquid medium) inside the storage tube 75 is reduced, so that the push rod 72 moves into the storage hole 71, and at this time, the front end of the push rod 72 does not extend from the end of the traction plate 73;

[0069] Then, the cylinder 51 is extended from the inner circle of the supporting tube 31. At this time, the traction plate 73 slides forward along the guide groove 32. In order to facilitate the docking plate 64 on the cylinder 51 not to hinder the cylinder 51 from extending into the inner circle of the supporting tube 31, the docking plate 64 is located directly behind the adjacent traction plate 73. At this time, the docking plate 64 is located inside the adjacent guide groove 32. When the docking plate 64 slides forward to the connecting position of the guide groove 32 and the transfer groove 33, the pressing plate 1 is released, and then the spring 4 is used to move in the opposite direction. The push rod 72 extends from the front end of the traction plate 73. At this time, the push rod 72 is engaged with the positioning hole on the inner wall of the guide groove 32, so as to realize the fixing operation of the cylinder 51 and the bearing tube 31. Then, the push rod 52 is rotated, and the push rod 52 drives the movable tube 54 to deflect along the axis direction of the push rod 52. The mounting seat 61 and the push-pull rod 55 deflect accordingly, so that the two sets of docking plates 64 are deflected along the channel 1 66 to the channel 2 67 position. At this time, the two sets of docking plates 64 move to the opening of the adjustment groove 35;

[0070] When the docking plate 64 is used to push the contact plate 310 to move, the distance between the two groups of contact plates 310 is adjusted by adjusting the position of the movable tube 54 relative to the push rod 52 to achieve the connection between the contact plate 310 and the docking plate 64. First, the pressing plate on the top of the movable tube 54 is pressed downward, and then the push-pull rod 55 is driven to move, thereby driving the extrusion block 57 to move. Under the action of the inclined slope of the trapezoidal extrusion block 57 and the spring 2 between the two groups of contact plates 310, the two groups of docking plates 64 move towards each other, and the distance between the two groups of docking plates 64 becomes smaller. When the push rod 52 and the movable tube 54 are pushed downward synchronously, the two groups of docking plates The two sets of docking plates 64 enter the adjustment groove 35 from the transfer groove 33, and at the same time, the two sets of docking plates 64 enter between the two sets of abutting plates 310 until they are abutted by the receiving plate 37. At this time, the movable tube 54 is pulled upward to make the movable tube 54 move upward relative to the push rod 52. According to the above reverse steps, the distance between the two sets of docking plates 64 becomes larger, and the two sets of docking plates 64 move toward the abutting plates 310 and engage with the abutting plates 310, and at the same time drive the two sets of abutting plates 310 to move away from each other, so that the locking rod 311 on the abutting plates 310 is not engaged with the inner side wall of the adjustment groove 35, so that the abutting plates 310 and the receiving plate 37 can be pushed to move along the length direction of the extension channel 36;

[0071] When the receiving plate 37 moves, the push-pull plate 39 is driven to move, and then the sliding tube 41 moves. Under the action of the pull rod 1 42 and the pull rod 2 44, the clamping plate 43 moves to the side away from the supporting tube 31, so that the multiple groups of circumferentially distributed clamping plates 43 arranged on the outer ring of the supporting tube 31 abut against the inside of the monitoring hole, and then the two groups of docking plates 64 are moved towards each other by adjusting the relative position of the movable tube 54 relative to the push rod 52. According to the above method, under the action of the spring 1 312, the locking rod 311 on the abutting plate 310 is engaged with the inner wall of the adjusting groove 35, and at the same time, the pressing plate 1 is pulled upward, so that the front end of the push rod 72 does not extend from the end of the traction plate 73 and does not engage with the positioning hole on the inner wall of the guide groove 32, so as to facilitate the extraction of the installation auxiliary system 5;

[0072] When installing the orifice monitoring system 2, the fixing plate 21 is fixedly connected to the orifice fixing mechanism 1, and the steel wire 4 is connected to the hook 210 after passing through the insertion hole 22 on the fixing plate 21. The position of the spring dynamometer 28 is adjusted by adjusting the screw 27, and the tension and displacement monitoring is started. The displacement amount is determined by observing the displacement change of the holding plate 29 on the display rod 25, and the tension change is determined by the reading of the spring dynamometer 28;

[0073] This design adopts a pre-installation auxiliary method to realize batch fixed-point anchor reinforcement operations for the anchors in the holes inside the cavern surrounding rock. There is no need to perform multiple installation operations of the anchor points inside the monitoring holes, which improves the installation efficiency and quality of the anchor points in the holes and reduces the difficulty of installation operations for monitoring personnel. At the same time, a batch synchronous installation method is adopted to ensure that the reinforcement connection strength of the anchor points in the holes is consistent, avoiding the situation where inconsistent reinforcement strength at each point in the hole leads to inaccurate monitoring accuracy. Multi-point independent monitoring operations of the monitoring holes are realized, so that the anchor points inside the monitoring holes do not interfere with each other, thereby improving monitoring accuracy.

[0074] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock, characterized in that: include: A hole fixing mechanism is arranged at the opening of the monitoring hole of the surrounding rock and fixed to the surrounding rock through expansion bolts; The in-hole anchoring system comprises anchoring assemblies arranged in sequence, wherein the anchoring assemblies comprise a bearing tube, the outer ring of the bearing tube is connected with a clamping mechanism for contacting with the inner wall of the monitoring hole, the inner ring of the bearing tube is provided with an adjusting locking mechanism for adjusting the state of the clamping mechanism, and the outer ring of the bearing tube is fixedly connected with a connecting seat for monitoring connection; The orifice monitoring system comprises a fixing plate fixedly connected to the orifice fixing mechanism, an end plate is arranged on one side of the fixing plate, and an array-distributed monitoring component is arranged between the end plate and the fixing plate; A steel wire is used for monitoring and connecting operations of the in-hole anchoring system and the orifice monitoring system, one end of the steel wire is connected to the connection seat, and the other end of the steel wire is connected to the monitoring component; The installation auxiliary system includes a hollow cylinder, the cylinder is provided with a rotation adjustment mechanism for adjusting the anchoring system in the hole for anchoring, the output end of the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected with a docking mechanism for docking with the anchoring system in the hole, and one side of the rotation locking mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism for positioning the anchoring system in the hole; The rotation adjustment mechanism includes a movable tube slidably connected to the top of the cylinder, a push rod slidably sleeved on the inner ring of the movable tube along its length direction, and the push rod is connected to the docking mechanism, one end of the push rod extending into the cylinder is slidably connected to a retaining tube fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the bottom of the cylinder, an L-shaped push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the movable tube extending into the cylinder, extrusion blocks of a trapezoidal structure slidably connected to the docking mechanism are fixedly connected on both sides of the push-pull rod, and blocking rods fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the cylinder are arranged on both sides of the push-pull rod; The docking mechanism comprises a channel 1 of an arc-shaped structure penetrating through the cylinder body and a mounting seat fixedly connected to the rotation adjustment mechanism, and the channel 1 is coaxially arranged with the cylinder body, a channel 2 arranged along the length direction of the cylinder body is opened at one end of the channel 1, two groups of symmetrically distributed L-shaped docking plates are arranged inside the channel 1, and the mounting seat is provided with a slide groove, and a limiting rod slidably connected to the docking plate is fixedly connected between the inner side walls on both sides of the slide groove, and a pushing groove slidably connected to the rotation adjustment mechanism is opened on the side where the two groups of docking plates are close to each other, and a spring 2 is fixedly connected between the two groups of docking plates, and one end of the docking plate extends out of the cylinder body from the channel 1; The locking mechanism includes two groups of storage tubes fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the cylinder, one side of the storage tube is connected to an air pipe arranged along its length direction, the other end of the air pipe is connected to a storage hole of a trapezoidal structure that penetrates the cylinder, the storage hole is slidably connected to a push rod of a T-shaped structure, the outer ring of one end of the push rod extending out of the cylinder is slidably sleeved with a traction plate fixed to the cylinder, and the traction plate is slidably connected to the adjustment locking mechanism.

2. A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a sliding tube that is slidably sleeved on the outer ring of the supporting tube, and the sliding tube is connected to the adjustment locking mechanism. The outer ring of the sliding tube is hinged with a pull rod 1 arranged in an array, and the other end of the pull rod 1 is hinged with a splint, and the side of the splint close to the sliding tube is hinged with a pull rod 2 hinged to the outer wall of the sliding tube.

3. A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment locking mechanism includes two groups of guide grooves which are provided on the inner circle of the load-bearing tube and arranged along the length direction thereof, one side of one of the guide grooves is provided with a transfer groove which is located on the inner wall of the load-bearing tube, and the transfer groove is coaxially arranged with the load-bearing tube, and one side of the transfer groove which is away from the guide groove is provided with an adjustment groove which is arranged parallel to the guide groove, and an extension channel of the load-bearing tube passes through the middle position of the adjustment groove, and a push-pull plate is slidably connected to the extension channel, and the push-pull plate is fixedly connected to the clamping mechanism, and a receiving plate is fixedly connected to one end of the push-pull plate which extends into the load-bearing tube, and a slideway which is arranged along the length direction thereof passes through the receiving plate, and two groups of parallel contact plates are slidably connected inside the slideway, and locking rods are fixedly connected to one end of the two groups of contact plates which are away from the transfer groove, and a spring 1 is fixedly connected between the two groups of contact plates.

4. A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the locking rod is fixedly connected to one of the contact plates, and the other end of the locking rod passes through the other contact plate and is clamped with the inner wall of the adjustment groove. The sides of the two groups of contact plates close to each other are clamped with the docking mechanism and the locking rod and the inner wall of the adjustment groove are clamped by a slot and tooth method.

5. A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the inner ring of the movable tube is consistent with the cross section of the outer ring of the push rod and both are regular polygonal structures. The outer ring of one end of the movable tube extending out of the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a pressing plate, and the bottom of the pressing plate is fixedly connected to a spring three that contacts the top of the cylinder.

6. A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped driving frame is slidably sleeved between the tops of the two groups of storage tubes, a pressure rod slidably sleeved with the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the driving frame, a pressing plate 1 is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the pressure plate extending out of the cylinder, and a spring 4 fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate 1.

7. A displacement monitoring system for cavern surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring assembly includes a reinforcement rod and a display rod fixed between the end plate and the fixed plate, a support plate is slidably connected between the reinforcement rod and the display rod, an end of the support plate away from the fixed plate is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw threadedly sleeved with the end plate, a spring dynamometer is installed at one end of the support plate close to the fixed plate, a retaining plate slidably connected to the reinforcement rod and the display rod is connected to the side of the spring dynamometer close to the fixed plate, a hook is installed on the side of the retaining plate close to the fixed plate, and the fixed plate is penetrated by an insertion hole for the passage of a steel wire.

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