Functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea of ​​dairy calves and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea of ​​dairy bull calves and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of calf breeding. The preparation method is as follows: a drug-carrying carrier is stirred and mixed with a walnut green peel extract and a tangerine peel extract, and then yeast culture, oligogalactose and rumen-permeable choline chloride are added, and dry-mixed for 3-5 minutes to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea of ​​dairy bull calves; the functional package can protect and repair the gastrointestinal mucosa of calves, astringe the intestines and stop diarrhea, relax the stomach and regulate qi, enhance the digestion and utilization of diet, improve the intestinal microbial environment, and promote the development of rumen villi, thereby preventing nutritional diarrhea of ​​calves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of calf breeding, and in particular to a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea of ​​dairy bull calves and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the breeding process of replacement cattle, the incidence rate of calves accounts for 69.9% of the total incidence of replacement cattle. The peak incidence is before 20 days of age and tends to stabilize after 78 days of age. Diarrhea is one of the main factors affecting the health of calves, accounting for 55.1% of the incidence.

[0003] According to the causes of calf diarrhea, calf diarrhea can be divided into three categories: viral diarrhea, bacterial diarrhea and nutritional diarrhea. Among them, nutritional diarrhea has become the most common type of diarrhea due to physiological and environmental factors such as unbalanced nutritional intake and incomplete digestive enzyme system during the weaning period. In the early stage of weaning, the weight and volume of the calf's digestive tract are small, and the digestive system is not yet fully developed, making the intestines of weaned calves very sensitive to the demand for diet. In actual production, when calves are weaned, nutritional diarrhea with diarrhea as the main feature often occurs due to changes in the nutritional composition of the feed and environmental factors, which seriously affects the growth performance and survival rate of the calves.

[0004] Nutritional diarrhea often occurs during the weaning period of calves, and is manifested as decreased appetite, digestive dysfunction, weight loss, diarrhea, accompanied by watery feces, and can cause the death of calves in severe cases. Generally, calves start to be fed with starter feed about a week after birth. At this time, the starter feed is fed together with milk. When the starter feed intake reaches about one kilogram, the calf enters the stage of full solid feeding. At this time, the feed eaten by the calf passes through the abomasum, and the newborn rumen does not have the digestive function and does not have the function of rumination. At this time, due to the imperfect development of the digestive system of the calf, eating solid starter feed can easily lead to insufficient secretion of digestive enzymes in the calf, which in turn reduces the ability to digest nutrients, resulting in nutritional diarrhea. In addition, the calf's immune system function is imperfect, and the gastrointestinal tract has poor resistance to bacteria. It is easy to be invaded by pathogens such as Escherichia coli, destroying the beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of the calf, thereby causing gastrointestinal diseases in the calf. If prevention and treatment are not timely, it will cause the death of the calf.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN104782982A discloses a starter feed for raising calves, which is mixed with 20-50% fermented milk, 30-60% silage, and 15-25% additives. The additives are a mixture of one or more of wheat bran, cornmeal, and soybean meal. The invention directly uses fresh milk consumed by calves, adds beneficial bacteria to the milk for fermentation, and then adds it to the starter feed. On the one hand, the milk flavor has excellent appetite attracting performance for weaned calves, and the selected palatability is good. Fermented milk is used in the preparation process, and it is easy for calves to transition from full milk feeding to solid feeding. The addition of beneficial bacteria in the starter feed enhances the cultivation of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of calves and improves the digestion and absorption function of the gastrointestinal tract. However, in actual use, it is found that its preventive and therapeutic effect on nutritional diarrhea in calves still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves and a preparation method thereof, wherein the functional package can protect and repair the gastrointestinal mucosa of calves, astringe the intestines and stop diarrhea, relieve the stomach and regulate qi, enhance the digestion and utilization of diet, improve the intestinal microbial environment, and promote the development of rumen villi, thereby preventing nutritional diarrhea in calves.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy bull calves is prepared from the following components by weight: 10-30 parts of yeast culture, 15-45 parts of galacto-oligosaccharides, 10 parts of drug carrier, 2-4 parts of rumen bypass choline chloride, 0.5-1 part of walnut green peel extract, and 0.3-0.7 part of tangerine peel extract.

[0009] Preferably, the invention is prepared from the following components by weight: 15-25 parts of yeast culture, 20-40 parts of galacto-oligosaccharides, 10 parts of drug carrier, 2.5-3.5 parts of rumen bypass choline chloride, 0.6-0.8 parts of walnut peel extract, and 0.4-0.6 parts of tangerine peel extract.

[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the drug carrier comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) drying the montmorillonite, calcining it in a muffle furnace, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding the activated montmorillonite to tartaric acid, stirring the reaction in a closed manner, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the montmorillonite is dried at 80-90°C for 30-60 min, and calcined at 650-700°C for 60-90 min.

[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of activated montmorillonite to tartaric acid is 10:80-150; and the stirring reaction conditions are 500-800 r / min, 80-95° C., and a closed stirring reaction for 10-14 h.

[0014] (2) dispersing the carboxylated montmorillonite in deionized water, ultrasonically treating it, continuously introducing nitrogen, then dropwise adding β-cyclodextrin and polyvinyl alcohol, heating for reaction, centrifuging the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier;

[0015] Preferably, in step (2), the mass ratio of carboxylated montmorillonite, β-cyclodextrin, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water is 10:3-8:5-12:100; the ultrasonic treatment is performed for 15-30 min, and the heating reaction conditions are nitrogen protection, 70-90° C., 800-1500 r / min, and the reaction is performed for 5-10 h.

[0016] More preferably, in step (2), the mass ratio of carboxylated montmorillonite, β-cyclodextrin, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water is 10:4-6:6-8:100; the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20 minutes, and the heating reaction conditions are nitrogen protection, 75-85°C, and 1000-1200r / min for 6-8 hours.

[0017] (3) The modified sustained-release carrier is dispersed in deionized water, swelled to obtain a suspension, and then an anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is added dropwise, and the reaction is kept warm. The product is sealed and allowed to stand, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a drug-loaded carrier.

[0018] Preferably, in step (3), the heat preservation reaction conditions are stirring the reaction at 30-45°C for 1-3 hours, and the static conditions are standing at 2-5°C for 10-15 hours; the concentration of the anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is 0.5-1wt%; the mass ratio of the modified sustained-release carrier, deionized water, and the anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is 1:20-30:0.1-0.5.

[0019] More preferably, in step (3), the heat preservation reaction conditions are stirring the reaction at 35-40°C for 1-3 hours, and the static conditions are standing at 2-5°C for 11-13 hours; the concentration of the anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is 0.5-1wt%; and the mass ratio of the modified sustained-release carrier, deionized water, and anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is 1:22-28:0.2-0.4.

[0020] This preparation method aims to create an efficient and stable drug-carrying carrier system through a series of carefully designed steps to optimize the role of Chinese medicine extracts in preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves. First, the specific surface area, adsorption capacity and ion exchange capacity of montmorillonite were significantly improved by drying, calcination and carboxylation. High-temperature calcination leads to the formation of micropores and mesopores, while rearranging the lattice structure and exposing more active sites. Carboxylation treatment increases surface polarity and hydrophilicity, and improves affinity for drug molecules. Subsequently, β-cyclodextrin and polyvinyl alcohol are introduced to form a composite structure to achieve slow release of the drug. β-cyclodextrin forms inclusion complexes with drug molecules, and polyvinyl alcohol constructs a network structure to jointly control the drug release rate.

[0021] The porous structure of the modified sustained-release carrier not only increases the contact area between the drug and the digestive tract and promotes absorption, but its sustained-release characteristics also maintain the effective drug concentration for a longer period of time, reduce peak-to-valley fluctuations, and improve the overall absorption efficiency. The coating effect of the carrier reduces the direct contact between the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and the external environment, effectively reduces the damage caused by factors such as light, heat, and oxygen, and improves stability. At the same time, the carrier material masks the unpleasant odor of traditional Chinese medicine through physical barriers or chemical bonding, and the uniformity and surface characteristics of the carrier particles improve the dispersibility and stability in feed. This multi-step, multi-mechanism preparation method not only optimizes the delivery and release of traditional Chinese medicine extracts, but also comprehensively improves the effect of the functional package in preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves through synergistic effects with other functional ingredients.

[0022] Preferably, in step (3), the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract is as follows: take 10 to 15 parts of hawthorn, 10 to 15 parts of Hypericum, 8 to 12 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 5 to 10 parts of Magnolia officinalis, 5 to 10 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 3 to 6 parts of Prunus mume, and 3 to 6 parts of Poria, wash them clean, add 8 to 10 times the weight of 75 to 90 wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 40 to 60°C for 1 to 3 times, each extraction for 1 to 3 hours, filter, combine the extracts, and concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.15 to 1.25, and spray dry to obtain the Chinese medicine extract.

[0023] More preferably, in step (3), the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract is as follows: take 12 parts of hawthorn, 12 parts of Hypericum, 10 parts of Codonopsis, 8 parts of Magnolia officinalis, 8 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 5 parts of Prunus mume, and 5 parts of Poria, wash them clean, add 10 times the weight of 80wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 50°C for 3 times, each extraction for 2h, filter, combine the extracts, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.22, and spray dry to obtain the Chinese medicine extract.

[0024] Hawthorn: This product is the dried mature fruit of the plant Shanlihong or Hawthorn of the Rosaceae family. The fruit is harvested in autumn when it is ripe, sliced, and dried. Indications: Digestion and stomach, promoting qi and dispersing blood stasis, clearing turbidity and reducing fat. It is used for meat stagnation, gastric bloating, diarrhea and abdominal pain, blood stasis and amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, heart and abdomen stabbing pain, chest pain, hernia pain, and hyperlipidemia.

[0025] Hypericum: The whole herb of Hypericum perforatum of the family Garcinia. The leaves are harvested in summer and autumn and used fresh. The roots can be harvested all year round and used fresh or dried, sliced, and ground into powder. Indications: Soothes the liver and relieves depression, clears away heat and dampness, reduces swelling and promotes lactation, and is used for liver qi stagnation and emotional distress.

[0026] Codonopsis: This product is the dried root of Codonopsis pilosula, Codonopsis pilosula or Codonopsis pilosula of the Campanulaceae family. It is dug in autumn, washed and dried. Indications: Strengthen the spleen and lungs, nourish blood and produce body fluids. It is used for spleen and lung qi deficiency, loss of appetite and fatigue, cough and asthma, qi and blood deficiency, sallow complexion, palpitations and shortness of breath, thirst due to loss of body fluids, and internal heat and thirst.

[0027] Magnolia officinalis: This product is the dried bark, root bark and branch bark of Magnolia officinalis or Magnolia officinalis of the Magnoliaceae family. It is peeled from April to June, and the root bark and branch bark are directly dried in the shade; the dry bark is slightly boiled in boiling water, piled in a damp place, and "sweated" until the inner surface turns purple-brown or brown-brown, steamed until soft, taken out, rolled into a tube, and dried. Indications: Drying dampness and eliminating phlegm, lowering qi and eliminating fullness. It is used for dampness stagnation, abdominal distension, vomiting and diarrhea, food accumulation and qi stagnation, abdominal distension and constipation, phlegm and cough.

[0028] Atractylodes macrocephala: This product is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, a plant of the Asteraceae family. It is dug up in winter when the lower leaves turn yellow and the upper leaves become brittle, the sand is removed, the leaves are dried in the oven or in the sun, and the fibrous roots are removed. Indications: Strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi, drying dampness and promoting diuresis, stopping sweating, and calming the fetus. It is used for spleen deficiency, poor appetite, abdominal distension and diarrhea, phlegm and fluid, dizziness and palpitations, edema, spontaneous sweating, and restless fetuses.

[0029] Wumei: This product is the dried nearly mature fruit of the plum plant of the Rosaceae family. The fruit is harvested in summer when it is nearly mature, dried at low temperature and steamed until it turns black. Indications: astringent to the lungs, astringent to the intestines, promoting the production of body fluids, and calming ascaris. It is used for chronic cough due to lung deficiency, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, deficiency heat and thirst, ascariasis and vomiting and abdominal pain.

[0030] Poria: This product is the dried sclerotium of the fungus Poria of the Polyporaceae family. It is mostly dug from July to September. After digging, the mud and sand are removed, piled up to "sweate", spread out to dry on the surface, and then "sweated" again. Repeated several times until wrinkles appear and most of the internal moisture is lost, and then dried in the shade, which is called "Poria pieces"; or fresh Poria is cut according to different parts and dried in the shade, which are called "Poria blocks" and "Poria slices" respectively. Indications: diuresis and dampness, spleen strengthening, and calming the mind. It is used for edema and oliguria, phlegm and fluid, dizziness and palpitations, spleen deficiency and poor appetite, light stool and diarrhea, restlessness, palpitations and insomnia.

[0031] Preferably, the functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount in the dairy bull calf feed is 1 to 3 wt%.

[0032] Preferably, the preparation method of the walnut green peel extract comprises the following steps: weighing walnut green peel and crushing it into 40-80 mesh, using anhydrous ethanol as the extraction solvent, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, reflux extraction at 65°C for 3 times, each time for 2 hours, combining the extracts and concentrating them under reduced pressure into an extract to constant weight.

[0033] Preferably, the preparation method of the tangerine peel extract comprises the following steps: weighing tangerine peel and crushing it into 40-80 meshes, using anhydrous ethanol as the extraction solvent, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, and adding 0.1-0.5% citric acid by weight of the tangerine peel, reflux extraction at 65°C for 3 times, each time for 2 hours, combining the extracts and concentrating them under reduced pressure into an extract to constant weight.

[0034] The present invention also claims protection for a method for preparing the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy bull calves, comprising the following steps: stirring and mixing the drug-carrying carrier with walnut green peel extract and tangerine peel extract, then adding yeast culture, galacto-oligosaccharide, and rumen-passed choline chloride, and dry-mixing for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy bull calves.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1) The present invention provides a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves, which is obtained by mixing a drug-carrying carrier, yeast culture, galacto-oligosaccharide, walnut peel extract, tangerine peel extract, and rumen-bypass choline chloride, wherein the drug-carrying carrier can protect and repair the gastrointestinal mucosa of calves, play the role of astringent intestine to stop diarrhea, widen the stomach and regulate qi, enhance immunity, improve digestion ability, and treat calf diarrhea; yeast culture can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, change the intestinal microecological environment, promote calf intestinal development, repair gastric mucosa, improve the digestion and absorption capacity of calves, significantly improve the digestion and utilization of diet by calves, and reduce the occurrence of calf diarrhea; rumen-bypass choline chloride can increase the protein intake and utilization efficiency of calves under stress conditions; walnut peel extract and tangerine peel extract contain a variety of bioactive chemical substances, which have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antidiarrheal effects; galacto-oligosaccharide can cover up the bad taste of traditional Chinese medicine, and improve the taste and palatability of the functional package.

[0037] 2) The present invention provides a drug-carrying carrier, which first calcines montmorillonite to remove impurities contained in the montmorillonite and increase the content of its surface active functional groups; then, tartaric acid (2,3-dihydroxysuccinic acid) is used to modify the montmorillonite. On the one hand, the tartaric acid can be adsorbed on the surface of the montmorillonite by intercalation, and on the other hand, it can also be bonded to the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface of the montmorillonite through ester bonds under hydrothermal conditions, thereby introducing a large number of carboxyl groups on the surface of the montmorillonite to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite, so that the carrier has a negative charge in the gastrointestinal environment, which can prevent protein adsorption and improve the stability of the carrier in the gastrointestinal fluid; finally, the hydroxyl groups of β-cyclodextrin and polyvinyl alcohol are reacted with the carboxyl groups on the surface of the montmorillonite. β-cyclodextrin and polyvinyl alcohol chains are grafted onto the surface of montmorillonite to prepare a modified sustained-release carrier; montmorillonite itself has a certain fixing and adsorption effect, and after grafting β-cyclodextrin, it can effectively include and adsorb hydrophobic Chinese medicine alcohol extracts, giving the modified sustained-release carrier excellent sustained-release performance; polyvinyl alcohol can improve the defect of β-cyclodextrin being easily hydrolyzed and improve the biocompatibility of the carrier. In addition, it can also cooperate with montmorillonite to protect the gastrointestinal mucosa of calves and promote the development of rumen villi; the drug-loaded carrier has good biocompatibility and no cytotoxicity, and can play the role of astringent and antidiarrheal, improve digestion and absorption capacity, relieve stress, protect the gastrointestinal mucosa of calves, and promote the development of rumen villi. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified, the chemical reagents and materials in the present invention are purchased from commercial sources or synthesized from raw materials purchased from commercial sources.

[0040] The yeast culture is an active metabolite of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The specific preparation method can refer to Chinese patent document CN104046650A, which is provided by Changchun Borui Feed Group Co., Ltd.

[0041] The polyvinyl alcohol is polyvinyl alcohol 124;

[0042] The montmorillonite is sodium-based montmorillonite with a purity of not less than 85%, a water absorption rate of ≥200%, an adsorption rate of ≥0.3, an ammonia absorption value of not less than 86.5%, a heavy metal content of ≤15 mg / kg, and a pH of 6.5 to 7.5.

[0043] A method for preparing a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) drying the montmorillonite at 80-90° C. for 30-60 min, then calcining it in a muffle furnace at 650-700° C. for 60-90 min, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding 10 g of activated montmorillonite to 80-150 g of tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed chamber at 500-800 r / min and 80-95° C. for 10-14 h, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0045] (2) dispersing 10 g of carboxylated montmorillonite into 100 g of deionized water, ultrasonically treating for 15 to 30 min, continuously introducing nitrogen, then dropwise adding 3 to 8 g of β-cyclodextrin and 5 to 12 g of polyvinyl alcohol, reacting for 5 to 10 h at 70 to 90° C. and 800 to 1500 r / min under nitrogen protection, centrifuging the product, washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier;

[0046] (3) taking 10-15 g of hawthorn, 10-15 g of Hypericum, 8-12 g of Codonopsis, 5-10 g of Magnolia officinalis, 5-10 g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 3-6 g of Prunus mume, and 3-6 g of Poria, washing them clean, adding 8-10 times the weight of 75-90 wt% ethanol, extracting them under reflux at 40-60° C. for 1-3 times, each time for 1-3 hours, filtering and combining the extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.15-1.25, and spray drying to obtain the Chinese medicine extract;

[0047] (4) Dispersing 1 g of the modified sustained-release carrier into 20-30 g of deionized water, swelling to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding 0.1-0.5 g of a 0.5-1 wt% anhydrous ethanol solution of a Chinese herbal medicine extract, stirring and reacting at 30-45° C. for 1-3 h, sealing and placing the product at 2-5° C. for 10-15 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a drug-loaded carrier;

[0048] (5) 10 parts of the drug carrier are mixed with 0.5-1 parts of walnut peel extract and 0.3-0.7 parts of tangerine peel extract, and then 10-30 parts of yeast culture, 15-45 parts of galacto-oligosaccharide and 2-4 parts of rumen bypass choline chloride are added, and dry-mixed for 3-5 minutes to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves.

[0049] The functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the functional package in the dairy bull calf feed is 1 to 3 wt%.

[0050] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] A method for preparing a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves comprises the following steps:

[0053] (1) drying the montmorillonite at 90° C. for 30 min, then calcining it in a muffle furnace at 700° C. for 60 min, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding 10 g of activated montmorillonite to 150 g of tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed manner at 800 r / min and 95° C. for 10 h, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0054] (2) 10 g of carboxylated montmorillonite was dispersed in 100 g of deionized water, and ultrasonically treated for 30 min, nitrogen was continuously introduced, and then 8 g of β-cyclodextrin and 12 g of polyvinyl alcohol were added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted at 90° C. and 1500 r / min for 5 h under nitrogen protection. The product was centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier;

[0055] (3) Take 12g of hawthorn, 12g of Hypericum, 10g of Codonopsis, 8g of Magnolia officinalis, 8g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 5g of Prunus mume, and 5g of Poria, wash them clean, add 10 times the weight of 80wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 50°C for 3 times, each extraction for 2h, filter, combine the extracts, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.2, and spray dry to obtain a Chinese medicine extract;

[0056] (4) Dispersing 1 g of the modified sustained-release carrier into 25 g of deionized water, swelling to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding 0.5 g of a 1 wt% anhydrous ethanol solution of a Chinese herbal extract, stirring and reacting at 45° C. for 1 h, sealing the product and standing it at 5° C. for 10 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a drug-loaded carrier;

[0057] (5) 10 g of the drug-carrying carrier was mixed with 0.5 g of walnut peel extract and 0.3 g of tangerine peel extract, and then 10 g of yeast culture, 15 g of galacto-oligosaccharide and 2 g of rumen-bypass choline chloride were added and dry-mixed for 4 min to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves.

[0058] The functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the functional package in the dairy bull calf feed is 2wt%.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] A method for preparing a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves comprises the following steps:

[0061] (1) drying the montmorillonite at 85° C. for 45 min, then calcining it in a muffle furnace at 680° C. for 75 min, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding 10 g of activated montmorillonite to 120 g of tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed chamber at 600 r / min and 90° C. for 12 h, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0062] (2) 10 g of carboxylated montmorillonite was dispersed in 100 g of deionized water, and ultrasonically treated for 20 min, nitrogen was continuously introduced, and then 5 g of β-cyclodextrin and 8 g of polyvinyl alcohol were added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted at 80° C. and 1000 r / min for 8 h under nitrogen protection. The product was centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier;

[0063] (3) Take 12g of hawthorn, 12g of Hypericum, 10g of Codonopsis, 8g of Magnolia officinalis, 8g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 5g of Prunus mume, and 5g of Poria, wash them clean, add 10 times the weight of 80wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 50°C for 3 times, each extraction for 2h, filter, combine the extracts, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.2, and spray dry to obtain a Chinese medicine extract;

[0064] (4) Dispersing 1 g of the modified sustained-release carrier into 25 g of deionized water, swelling to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding 0.3 g of a 1 wt% anhydrous ethanol solution of a Chinese herbal extract, stirring and reacting at 40° C. for 2 h, sealing the product and standing it at 3° C. for 12 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a drug-loaded carrier;

[0065] (5) 10 g of the drug-carrying carrier was mixed with 0.75 g of walnut peel extract and 0.5 g of tangerine peel extract, and then 20 g of yeast culture, 30 g of galacto-oligosaccharide and 3 g of rumen-bypass choline chloride were added and dry-mixed for 4 min to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves.

[0066] The functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the functional package in the dairy bull calf feed is 2wt%.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A method for preparing a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves comprises the following steps:

[0069] (1) drying the montmorillonite at 80° C. for 60 min, then calcining it in a muffle furnace at 650° C. for 90 min, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding 10 g of activated montmorillonite to 80 g of tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed chamber at 500 r / min and 80° C. for 14 h, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0070] (2) 10 g of carboxylated montmorillonite was dispersed in 100 g of deionized water, and ultrasonically treated for 15 min, nitrogen was continuously introduced, and then 3 g of β-cyclodextrin and 5 g of polyvinyl alcohol were added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted at 70° C. and 800 r / min for 10 h under nitrogen protection. The product was centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier;

[0071] (3) Take 12g of hawthorn, 12g of Hypericum, 10g of Codonopsis, 8g of Magnolia officinalis, 8g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 5g of Prunus mume, and 5g of Poria, wash them clean, add 10 times the weight of 80wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 50°C for 3 times, each extraction for 2h, filter, combine the extracts, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.2, and spray dry to obtain a Chinese medicine extract;

[0072] (4) Dispersing 1 g of the modified sustained-release carrier into 20 g of deionized water, swelling to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding 0.1 g of a 1 wt% anhydrous ethanol solution of a Chinese herbal extract, stirring and reacting at 30° C. for 3 h, sealing the product and standing it at 2° C. for 15 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a drug-loaded carrier;

[0073] (5) 10 g of the drug-carrying carrier was mixed with 1 g of walnut peel extract and 0.7 g of tangerine peel extract, and then 30 g of yeast culture, 45 g of galacto-oligosaccharide and 4 g of rumen-bypass choline chloride were added and dry-mixed for 4 min to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves.

[0074] The functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the functional package in the dairy bull calf feed is 2wt%.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] A method for preparing a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves comprises the following steps:

[0077] (1) drying the montmorillonite at 90° C. for 30 min, then calcining it in a muffle furnace at 700° C. for 60 min, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding 10 g of activated montmorillonite to 150 g of tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed manner at 800 r / min and 95° C. for 10 h, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0078] (2) 10 g of carboxylated montmorillonite was dispersed in 100 g of deionized water, and ultrasonically treated for 30 min, nitrogen was continuously introduced, and then 8 g of β-cyclodextrin was added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted at 90° C. and 1500 r / min for 5 h under nitrogen protection. The product was centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier;

[0079] (3) Take 12g of hawthorn, 12g of Hypericum, 10g of Codonopsis, 8g of Magnolia officinalis, 8g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 5g of Prunus mume, and 5g of Poria, wash them clean, add 10 times the weight of 80wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 50°C for 3 times, each extraction for 2h, filter, combine the extracts, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.2, and spray dry to obtain a Chinese medicine extract;

[0080] (4) Dispersing 1 g of the modified sustained-release carrier into 25 g of deionized water, swelling to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding 0.5 g of a 1 wt% anhydrous ethanol solution of a Chinese herbal extract, stirring and reacting at 45° C. for 1 h, sealing the product and standing it at 5° C. for 10 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a drug-loaded carrier;

[0081] (5) 10 g of the drug-carrying carrier was mixed with 0.5 g of walnut peel extract and 0.3 g of tangerine peel extract, and then 10 g of yeast culture, 15 g of galacto-oligosaccharide and 2 g of rumen-bypass choline chloride were added and dry-mixed for 4 min to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves.

[0082] The functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the functional package in the dairy bull calf feed is 2wt%.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] A method for preparing a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves comprises the following steps:

[0085] (1) drying the montmorillonite at 90° C. for 30 min, then calcining it in a muffle furnace at 700° C. for 60 min, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding 10 g of activated montmorillonite to 150 g of tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed manner at 800 r / min and 95° C. for 10 h, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0086] (2) 10 g of carboxylated montmorillonite was dispersed in 100 g of deionized water, and ultrasonically treated for 30 min, nitrogen was continuously introduced, and then 12 g of polyvinyl alcohol was added dropwise, and the reaction was carried out under nitrogen protection, 90° C., and 1500 r / min for 5 h. The product was centrifuged, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier;

[0087] (3) Take 12g of hawthorn, 12g of Hypericum, 10g of Codonopsis, 8g of Magnolia officinalis, 8g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 5g of Prunus mume, and 5g of Poria, wash them clean, add 10 times the weight of 80wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 50°C for 3 times, each extraction for 2h, filter, combine the extracts, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.2, and spray dry to obtain a Chinese medicine extract;

[0088] (4) Dispersing 1 g of the modified sustained-release carrier into 25 g of deionized water, swelling to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding 0.5 g of a 1 wt% anhydrous ethanol solution of a Chinese herbal extract, stirring and reacting at 45° C. for 1 h, sealing the product and standing it at 5° C. for 10 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a drug-loaded carrier;

[0089] (5) 10 g of the drug-carrying carrier was mixed with 0.5 g of walnut peel extract and 0.3 g of tangerine peel extract, and then 10 g of yeast culture, 15 g of galacto-oligosaccharide and 2 g of rumen-bypass choline chloride were added and dry-mixed for 4 min to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves.

[0090] The functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the functional package in the dairy bull calf feed is 2wt%.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] A method for preparing a functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves comprises the following steps:

[0093] (1) drying the montmorillonite at 90° C. for 30 min, then calcining it in a muffle furnace at 700° C. for 60 min, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding 10 g of activated montmorillonite to 150 g of tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed manner at 800 r / min and 95° C. for 10 h, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite;

[0094] (2) Take 12g of hawthorn, 12g of Hypericum, 10g of Codonopsis, 8g of Magnolia officinalis, 8g of Atractylodes macrocephala, 5g of Prunus mume, and 5g of Poria, wash them clean, add 10 times the weight of 80wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 50°C for 3 times, each extraction for 2h, filter, combine the extracts, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.2, and spray dry to obtain a Chinese medicine extract;

[0095] (3) Dispersing 1 g of carboxylated montmorillonite in 25 g of deionized water, swelling to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding 0.5 g of a 1 wt% anhydrous ethanol solution of a Chinese herbal medicine extract, stirring and reacting at 45° C. for 1 h, sealing the product and standing it at 5° C. for 10 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain a drug-loaded carrier;

[0096] (4) 10 g of the drug-carrying carrier was mixed with 0.5 g of walnut peel extract and 0.3 g of tangerine peel extract, and then 10 g of yeast culture, 15 g of galacto-oligosaccharide and 2 g of rumen-bypass choline chloride were added and dry-mixed for 4 min to obtain the functional package for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves.

[0097] The functional package is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the functional package in the dairy bull calf feed is 2wt%.

[0098] 120 10-day-old Holstein calves with similar body weight and nutritional diarrhea were selected and randomly divided into 6 treatment groups, with 20 calves in each group. The calves were kept in separate pens under the same feeding and management conditions in the same cowshed during the test period. During the test period, the test calves were free to eat and drink water and were fed twice a day. The test groups were respectively Example 1 to 3 groups and Comparative Example 1 to 3 groups. Among them, Example 1 to 3 groups and Comparative Example 1 to 3 groups added the prepared functional packages to the basal diet (milk), respectively. The test period was 5 days, and the diarrhea rate of the test dairy calves was statistically analyzed. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0099] Cured: After treatment, the sick calves are in good spirits, their feces are formed, moderately soft and hard, with normal color and odor, and the clinical symptoms completely disappear and return to normal. Significantly effective: After treatment, the sick calves are in good spirits, have a stronger appetite, have better feces characteristics, significantly reduce the amount of water in their feces, and have their clinical symptoms relieved.

[0100] Table 1 Treatment effect of diarrhea in dairy calves

[0101] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Number of cured / head 12 11 11 7 5 3 Effective number / head 7 8 7 3 4 5 Total effective rate / % 95 95 90 50 45 40

[0102] 120 10-day-old Holstein male calves with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 6 treatment groups, each with 20 calves. The functional packages prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were added to the basal diet, respectively. The test period was 14 days, and the diarrhea prevention rate of the test male calves was statistically analyzed. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0103] Table 2 Preventive effect of diarrhea in dairy calves

[0104]

[0105] Before and after the test, 5 dairy bull calves were selected from Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 to detect blood physiological indicators. The blood physiological indicator measurement items were: WBC (white blood cell count), RBC (total red blood cell count), HGB (hemoglobin concentration), HCT (hematocrit), MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin content), MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), PLT (platelet count), LYMPN (lymphocyte count), GRAN (neutrophil count), RDW (red blood cell volume distribution width), and MPV (mean platelet volume). The specific data are shown in Table 3.

[0106] Table 3 Changes in blood physiological parameters of dairy bull calves

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves, characterized in that: The composition is prepared from the following components by weight: 10-30 parts of yeast culture, 15-45 parts of galacto-oligosaccharide, 10 parts of drug carrier, 2-4 parts of rumen bypass choline chloride, 0.5-1 parts of walnut green peel extract, and 0.3-0.7 parts of tangerine peel extract; The preparation method of the drug carrier comprises the following steps: (1) drying the montmorillonite, calcining it in a muffle furnace, and cooling it to obtain activated montmorillonite; adding the activated montmorillonite to tartaric acid, stirring the mixture in a closed manner to react, filtering the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain carboxylated montmorillonite; (2) dispersing the carboxylated montmorillonite in deionized water, ultrasonically treating it, continuously introducing nitrogen, then dropwise adding β-cyclodextrin and polyvinyl alcohol, heating for reaction, centrifuging the product, washing it with ethanol, and drying it to obtain a modified sustained-release carrier; (3) dispersing the modified sustained-release carrier in deionized water, swelling it to obtain a suspension, then dropwise adding the anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract, keeping the temperature to react, sealing the product, letting it stand, filtering, washing, and drying it to obtain a drug-loaded carrier; In step (1), the mass ratio of activated montmorillonite to tartaric acid is 10:80-150; In step (2), the mass ratio of carboxylated montmorillonite, β-cyclodextrin, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water is 10:3-8:5-12:100; In step (3), the concentration of the anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is 0.5-1wt%; the mass ratio of the modified sustained-release carrier, deionized water, and the anhydrous ethanol solution of the Chinese herbal medicine extract is 1:20-30:0.1-0.5; In step (3), the preparation method of the Chinese medicine extract is as follows: take 10-15 parts of hawthorn, 10-15 parts of Hypericum, 8-12 parts of Codonopsis, 5-10 parts of Magnolia officinalis, 5-10 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 3-6 parts of Prunus mume, and 3-6 parts of Poria, wash them clean, add 8-10 times the weight of 75-90wt% ethanol, reflux extract at 40-60°C for 1-3 times, each extraction for 1-3 hours, filter, combine the extracts, and concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain an extract with a relative density of 1.15-1.25, and spray dry to obtain the Chinese medicine extract; The preparation method of the walnut green peel extract comprises the following steps: weighing the walnut green peel and crushing it into 40-80 meshes, using anhydrous ethanol as an extraction solvent with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, reflux extraction at 65°C for 3 times, each time for 2 hours, combining the extracts and concentrating under reduced pressure into an extract to a constant weight, and obtaining the extract; The preparation method of the tangerine peel extract comprises the following steps: weighing tangerine peel and crushing it into 40-80 meshes, using anhydrous ethanol as an extraction solvent with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, adding citric acid with a mass percentage of 0.1-0.5% of the tangerine peel, refluxing and extracting for 3 times at 65°C, each time for 2 hours, combining the extracts and concentrating them under reduced pressure into an extract to a constant weight, and obtaining the extract.

2. The composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the montmorillonite is dried at 80-90°C for 30-60 min, and calcined at 650-700°C for 60-90 min.

3. The composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the stirring reaction conditions are 500-800 r / min, 80-95° C., and a closed stirring reaction for 10-14 h.

4. The composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 15 to 30 minutes, and the heating reaction conditions are nitrogen protection, 70 to 90° C., and 800 to 1500 r / min for 5 to 10 hours.

5. The composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the heat preservation reaction condition is to stir the reaction at 30-45°C for 1-3 hours, and the static condition is to stand at 2-5°C for 10-15 hours.

6. The composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition is suitable for dairy bull calves aged 1 to 60 days, and the addition amount of the composition in the dairy bull calf feed is 1 to 3 wt %.

7. A method for preparing a composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea in dairy calves according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing the drug-carrying carrier with walnut green peel extract and tangerine peel extract, then adding yeast culture, galacto-oligosaccharide and rumen-bypass choline chloride, and dry-mixing for 3-5 minutes to obtain the composition for preventing nutritional diarrhea of ​​dairy calves.

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