A method and system for quickly determining main odor substances

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for rapidly determining main odorous substances. A gas chromatograph sequentially separates and generates a plurality of first gas samples. Each first gas sample is divided into two parts. One part is transported to a detector for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The other part is sequentially transported to a gas storage module for separate storage to form a plurality of second gas samples, which are sequentially transported to an olfactory port for olfactory identification by an olfactory worker. The second gas samples can also be sequentially mixed in an arrangement and combination manner or mixed in a combination specified by an olfactory worker or a detection personnel to form one or more third gas samples, which are sequentially transported to an olfactory port for olfactory identification by an olfactory worker. The present invention can set a sensory analysis and evaluation method with a variety of combination modes such as single component, multi-component, and comprehensive component to improve the recognition accuracy and efficiency of odorous substances. The present invention also discloses a system that can realize the above-mentioned method for rapidly determining main odorous substances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of odor control, and particularly relates to a method and a system for quickly determining main odorous substances. Background Art

[0002] Sites that emit strong odors will seriously affect the living environment of nearby residents and may even endanger their health. When dealing with them, relevant departments need to quickly identify the main substances causing the odors in order to quickly deal with them, alleviate the intensity of the odors, and improve the living quality of residents. However, in the process of dealing with odors, the problem of unknown sources of odors often arises, that is, it is impossible to conduct target screening of substances that cause strong odors.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the patent document with application number 202210641598.7 discloses a method for accurately identifying odor-causing substances based on non-target screening. The specific steps are as follows: S1, sample pretreatment; S2, non-target screening method; S3, sensory evaluation; S4, odor activity value analysis; S5, comprehensive evaluation analysis; S6, determination of key odor-causing factors.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art discloses a method for accurately identifying odor-causing factors based on non-target screening coupled sensory evaluation, olfactory detection technology, odor activity value, and comprehensive evaluation analysis, and constructs olfactory evaluation rules for odorous gases and an evaluation system for key odor substances. It provides new ideas and methods for solving the problem of "being able to smell but not being able to measure" that occurs in actual monitoring, and provides technical methods and application support for the subsequent accurate tracing and control of odor pollution.

[0005] The realization of the above-mentioned prior art requires the establishment of a huge and standard odor database first. The prior art also involves a large amount of data processing, weight analysis of various factors, etc. Even if the database is complete, its entire set of methods and processes for confirming odor-causing substances takes a long time. It is suitable for comprehensive and thorough treatment in the later stage of treatment after the strong odor has been alleviated or when the odor treatment is not particularly urgent, but it is not suitable for polluted sites that emit strong odors and need to be treated quickly. On the other hand, the above-mentioned prior art is to mix the gas samples of various substances separated by the gas chromatograph with carrier gas in sequence, and then transport them to the detector for qualitative and quantitative analysis and for olfactory smelling. The applicant and the inventor have been deeply engaged in environmental treatment technology and found in actual operation that the odor smelled by the olfactory on site is a comprehensive product, while the olfactory smeller who returns to the laboratory smells the various substances separated in sequence by the gas chromatograph, so it is difficult to smell very close or the same odor again, which increases the difficulty of the olfactory smeller's identification and is not conducive to the rapid determination of the main odorous substances. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems in the related art, the present invention proposes a method and a system for quickly determining the main odorous substances to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0008] A method for quickly determining the main odorous substances comprises the following steps:

[0009] 1) The gas chromatograph sequentially separates and generates a plurality of first gas samples, each of which is divided into two parts, namely, a first part and a second part;

[0010] 2) The first part is transported to the detector for qualitative and quantitative analysis;

[0011] The second part is sequentially transported to the gas storage module for storage, forming several second gas samples, which are sequentially transported to the olfactory port for olfactory identification. The olfactory staff points out a second gas sample that is identical or substantially identical to the odor of the polluted waters, and quickly determines the main odorous substances in the polluted waters.

[0012] Or if the smeller points out more than one second gas sample with a foul odor, proceed to step 3);

[0013] 3) One or more second gas samples pointed out to have odor are mixed in sequence in the form of permutations and combinations or in the combinations designated by the olfactory inspectors or testers to form one or more third gas samples, which are sequentially transported to the olfactory port for the olfactory inspectors to smell and distinguish. The olfactory inspectors point out a third gas sample that is closest to or the same as the odor of the polluted waters to quickly determine the main odorous substances in the polluted waters.

[0014] The present invention is designed to first provide the second gas sample separated by the gas sample chromatograph for the olfactory to smell, and distinguish whether there is the same odor as the polluted water area. If the gas sample with the same odor as the polluted water area is smelled, the sniffing is terminated, and the main odorous substances in the polluted water area are quickly determined in combination with the detection results of the detector, and targeted treatment can be carried out, saving procedures, and step 3) is not required;

[0015] If the olfactory detecter does not smell the same or very similar odor as the polluted waters, but the separated second gas sample generally contains two major categories, odorous and odorless, the odorless gas sample or the clearly known odorless substance obviously does not need to be subsequently mixed to form the third gas sample and can be directly screened out. Therefore, the present invention is designed to sequentially mix the odorous gas samples pointed out by the olfactory detecter in a permutation and combination manner to form the third gas sample;

[0016] The design of mixed gas samples further improves the accuracy of the present invention in identifying odorous substances. At the same time, although the present invention is a non-target screening, it has accumulated certain available experience based on the data of inspection personnel and laboratories such as nearby factory types and living areas. Therefore, the present invention also designs a mixed gas sample combination that can be specified by olfactories and inspection personnel to speed up the olfactory confirmation procedure.

[0017] Through the correspondence method of "gas sample-time-detector result", after the olfactory observer points out the odorous gas sample, he can check the detector results corresponding to the gas sample in that time period to obtain the odorous substance, and then quickly determine the odorous substance that pollutes the waters.

[0018] The present invention can set up sensory analysis and evaluation methods with various combination modes such as single component, multi-component, and comprehensive component, which reduces the difficulty of identification for olfactory personnel, improves the accuracy of the present invention in identifying odorous substances, and is beneficial to subsequent odor control work.

[0019] More preferably, the above method for quickly determining the main odorous substances comprises the following steps:

[0020] 1-a) The smeller conducts on-site smelling of the polluted waters and collects odorous water samples and / or odorous gas samples of the polluted waters emitting strong odors;

[0021] 1-b) Pre-treating the odorous water sample and / or odorous gas sample to meet the sampling requirements of the gas chromatograph;

[0022] 1-c) the odorous water sample or / and the odorous gas sample after pretreatment enters the gas chromatograph, and a carrier gas (such as helium, nitrogen, etc.) is introduced to mix with the carrier gas to form an unseparated gas sample, and the substances in the unseparated gas sample are separated in sequence by the gas chromatograph to generate a plurality of the first gas samples, each of which is divided into two parts, namely, the first part and the second part;

[0023] 2-a) The first part is transported to a detector for qualitative and quantitative analysis;

[0024] The second part is sequentially transported to the gas storage module for separate storage, and a unit time period is pre-set, and the gas is collected and numbered in the set unit time period to form a plurality of the second gas samples, which are collected to the gas chromatograph for material separation;

[0025] Specifically, the unit time period can be set to every minute, every five minutes, etc., and the detection personnel can set it according to the specific situation.

[0026] 2-b) a plurality of extracted portions of the second gas samples are sequentially transported to the sniffing port, and the sniffer sniffs the second gas samples;

[0027] 2-c) The smeller points out a second gas sample that has the same or substantially the same odor as the polluted waters, checks the number of the second gas sample and its corresponding time period, and then checks the substances detected by the detector in that time period to determine the odorous substances in the polluted waters. Alternatively, if the smeller points out more than one second gas sample with an odor, then execute step 3);

[0028] 3) One or more second gas samples that are pointed out to have odor are mixed in sequence in the form of permutations and combinations or in the combinations designated by the olfactory inspectors or testers to form one or more third gas samples, which are sequentially transported to the olfactory port for the olfactory inspectors to smell and distinguish. The olfactory inspectors point out a third gas sample that is closest to or the same as the odor of the polluted waters to determine the main odorous substances in the polluted waters.

[0029] Since odorous substances are often at trace levels, if the olfactory smells an odor but the detector does not output a test result, the odorous water sample and / or odorous gas sample will be re-enriched to reach a detectable level to identify the odorous substances. Sample enrichment is a routine operation in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0030] Based on the above method for quickly determining main odorous substances, the present invention also discloses a system for quickly determining main odorous substances, including a gas chromatograph, a detector, a controller, a first carrier gas supply source, a second carrier gas supply source, a sniffing port and a pipeline structure.

[0031] The output end of the first carrier gas supply source is connected to the gas chromatograph.

[0032] The gas chromatograph comprises a separation chromatographic column with a coating, and the output end of the gas chromatograph and the output end of a second carrier gas supply source are connected and collected through a pipeline structure, and then directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the detector and the input end of the sniffing port respectively through the pipeline structure.

[0033] Preferably, the controller is connected to a human-computer interaction module, which can be a display screen, keyboard, mouse, touch screen display, etc., to facilitate detection personnel to monitor and view various real-time data (for example, view the chromatogram output by the detector, etc.), set parameters as needed, and view the start / shutdown status of functional modules.

[0034] Specifically, the detector is a mass spectrometer MS, PID, ECD, etc. When the detector is a mass spectrometer MS, the carrier gas supplied by the first carrier gas supply source and the second carrier gas supply source is helium; when the detector is a PID or ECD, the carrier gas supplied by the first carrier gas supply source and the second carrier gas supply source is nitrogen.

[0035] The first carrier gas supply source and the second carrier gas supply source are commercially available gas cylinders storing target carrier gas, without any special limitation.

[0036] Preferably, the pipeline structure includes a four-way valve and a plurality of conduits;

[0037] The first interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the gas output end of the gas chromatograph through a conduit;

[0038] The second interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the detector through a conduit;

[0039] The third interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the second carrier gas supply source through a conduit;

[0040] The fourth interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the sniffing port through a conduit.

[0041] In particular, the conduit may be a hollow chromatography column without a coating.

[0042] Preferably, an air storage and mixing device is provided between the fourth interface and the olfactory port.

[0043] The gas storage and mixing device comprises a gas injection module, a gas storage module and a gas extraction module. The gas injection module is directly or indirectly connected to the fourth connecting pipe, and the gas extraction module is directly or indirectly connected to the olfactory port.

[0044] The gas injection module includes a gas injection drive source and a gas injection syringe, and the gas storage module includes a plurality of gas sample storage bottles, wherein the gas sample storage bottles are used to store the second gas sample or the gas sample storage bottles are used to store the second gas sample and the third gas sample.

[0045] The gas injection syringe includes a gas injection push rod, a gas injection cylinder component and a gas injection needle. The interior of the gas injection cylinder component has a gas injection cylinder cavity for accommodating gas. One side of the gas injection cylinder cavity is open for the gas injection push rod to extend and slide in, and the other side of the gas injection cylinder cavity is fixed and connected to the gas injection needle. The gas injection cylinder component and the gas injection needle remain relatively still.

[0046] The gas injection cylinder has at least one first connecting pipe protruding from the outer surface, the first connecting pipe is connected to the gas injection cylinder cavity, and the inner end of the first connecting pipe is flush with the inner surface of the gas injection cylinder cavity to avoid affecting the sliding movement of the gas injection push rod.

[0047] The gas injection driving source drives the gas injection syringe to move as a whole so that the gas injection needle can penetrate into or withdraw from the gas sample storage bottle and drives the gas injection push rod to slide in the gas injection cylinder cavity.

[0048] The first connecting pipe is externally connected to the fourth interface, collects gas according to a preset unit time period and then injects it into the gas sample storage bottle to form a second gas sample.

[0049] Specifically, the bottle mouth of the gas sample storage bottle is provided with an elastic injection rubber plug for the gas injection needle to penetrate, and the elastic injection rubber plug seals itself after the gas injection needle exits the gas sample storage bottle.

[0050] More preferably, the gas injection cylinder has a second connecting pipe protruding from the outer surface, the structure of the second connecting pipe is the same as the first connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is externally connected to a clean gas supply source; the first connecting pipe is arranged near the gas injection needle, and the second connecting pipe is arranged near the open end of the cylinder cavity. The clean gas supply source and the second connecting pipe are used to introduce clean gas to purge and clean the gas injection cylinder cavity every time a portion of the second gas sample is delivered to the gas sample storage bottle. The clean gas is a gas that is odorless and does not react with the gas sample to produce odorous products, such as nitrogen.

[0051] Specifically, the gas injection module further includes a gas injection base shell, and the gas injection drive source includes a first motor and a second motor.

[0052] A first fixed shell seat and a second fixed shell seat are provided on both sides of the top surface of the gas injection base shell, and a gas injection movable seat and a gas injection screw are provided between the first fixed shell seat and the second fixed shell seat, and the two ends of the gas injection screw are respectively fixed to the first fixed shell seat and the second fixed shell seat; the gas injection movable seat is provided with a threaded hole adapted for the gas injection screw, and the gas injection screw is screwed into the threaded hole and passes through the gas injection movable seat.

[0053] The first fixed shell seat is equipped with a first clamping piece for clamping the gas injection cylinder member, the first clamping piece and the gas injection cylinder member remain relatively stationary, the first clamping piece is installed on the first movable column, the first movable column is directly or indirectly connected to the first motor and driven by it, the top surface of the first fixed shell seat is provided with a first stroke long hole, the first movable column passes through the first stroke long hole in the vertical direction, the exposed upper part of the first movable column is connected to the first clamping piece, the lower part of the first movable column is connected to the first motor, and the first motor drives the first movable column to perform horizontal linear motion in the first stroke long hole, that is, the gas injection cylinder member and the gas injection needle perform horizontal linear motion together.

[0054] The second end of the gas injection screw extends into the interior of the second fixed shell seat, the bottom of the second fixed shell seat is open and communicated with the interior of the gas injection base shell, the second motor is arranged inside the gas injection base shell, the second motor is directly or indirectly connected to the second end of the gas injection screw and drives the gas injection screw to rotate, and then drives the gas injection movable seat to make horizontal linear motion along the gas injection screw, and the gas injection movable seat clamps the outer end of the gas injection push rod to realize the movement of the gas injection push rod.

[0055] Specifically, a clamping gap is provided on the side of the gas injection movable seat facing the gas injection syringe, the top surface of the clamping gap is open and a U-shaped opening is provided towards the side wall of the gas injection syringe, a clip portion is provided at the tail end of the gas injection push rod, the clip portion is inserted and fixed in the clamping gap, and the gas injection push rod and the gas injection movable seat are relatively stationary.

[0056] When the gas injection syringe is inserted into or withdrawn from the gas sample storage bottle, the first motor and the second motor are started together to make the gas injection cylinder and the gas injection push rod have the same displacement; when the first motor is turned off and the second motor is started, the gas injection push rod can be driven to slide as needed.

[0057] Preferably, two stabilizing rods are fixed between the first fixed shell seat and the second fixed shell seat, the two stabilizing rods are respectively located on both sides of the gas injection screw, the gas injection movable seat is provided with through holes adapted to the two stabilizing rods, and the two stabilizing rods penetrate the gas injection movable seat through the through holes. The motor-driven movement inevitably has vibration problems, and the design of the stabilizing rod makes the horizontal linear movement of the gas injection movable seat more stable, thereby making the movement trajectory of the gas injection needle more accurate, which is convenient for aligning and piercing the gas sample storage bottle.

[0058] More preferably, the stabilizing rod located on the same side as the stroke long hole is set as a first stabilizing rod, the end of the first stabilizing rod extends into the interior of the first fixed shell seat, and a first connecting seat is provided at the bottom of the first movable column. The first connecting seat is connected to the first motor and driven by it, and the first connecting seat has a through hole adapted to the first stabilizing rod. The first connecting seat forms a sliding connection with the first stabilizing rod, that is, the first stabilizing rod is not only used to stabilize the movement of the gas injection movable seat, but also used to stabilize the movement of the first movable column.

[0059] Preferably, the gas storage module further includes a rotating frame and a first rotating motor.

[0060] Several of the gas sample storage bottles are placed on a rotating frame, and the rotating frame is provided with a first rotating motor, which drives the rotating frame to rotate. The rotating frame is provided with several bottle holders for fixing the gas sample storage bottles, and several of the bottle holders are horizontally placed on the rotating frame and are evenly arrayed around the circumference.

[0061] The bottle clamp seat includes two arc-shaped clamps arranged opposite to each other. A vertically arranged abutment wall is provided on one side of the bottle clamp seat close to the center of the rotating frame. The gas sample storage bottle is horizontally clamped in the bottle clamp seat. The bottle mouth of the gas sample storage bottle placed on the rotating frame faces the outer peripheral direction, and the bottle body is surrounded and clamped by the two arc-shaped clamps. The bottom of the bottle abuts against the abutment wall to withstand the force applied when the needle pierces the gas sample storage bottle.

[0062] As can be seen from the above, the position of the gas sample storage bottle of the present invention is fixed, and the angle of each rotation of the first rotary motor makes one of the gas sample storage bottles align with the gas injection needle or the gas extraction needle described below. Since the needle of the present invention only makes a short horizontal linear motion, the movement deviation is small, and the bottle mouth of the gas sample storage bottle is a soft rubber plug, so the needle does not need to pursue high precision when aligning and piercing the gas sample storage bottle each time.

[0063] Preferably, the rotating frame includes a support shaft arranged in the vertical direction and at least one mounting disc, the support shaft passes through the center position of the mounting disc, the support shaft and the mounting disc are relatively stationary, the support shaft is directly or indirectly driven to rotate by the first rotating motor, a plurality of bottle holders are installed on the top surface of the mounting disc, and after the gas sample storage bottle is clamped in the bottle holder, the bottle mouth protrudes outward from the edge of the mounting disc.

[0064] More preferably, the mounting disc is provided with at least two, namely, an upper mounting disc and a lower mounting disc, and the two mounting discs are fixed to the support shaft and distributed up and down. The bottom of the lower mounting disc is connected and fixed with at least one lifting push rod, the moving rod of the lifting push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower mounting disc, the fixing seat of the lifting push rod is fixedly installed on a mounting platform, the bottom of the mounting platform is connected and fixed with the first rotating motor, and the lifting push rod drives the upper mounting disc and the lower mounting disc to rise and fall. This design can increase the number of gas samples that can be stored at one time in the present invention.

[0065] More preferably, the bottom of the lower mounting disc is provided with a concentric circular slide rail, and the lifting push rods are provided with three and are evenly distributed on the mounting platform. The end of the moving rod of the lifting push rod is slidably engaged with the circumferential slide rail. This design makes the lifting and lowering of the mounting disc more stable and accurate.

[0066] Specifically, several of the bottle holders have different number marks (such as sequential marks starting with the number 1 or alphabetical marks starting with the letter A, etc.) and the positions are recorded in the system. Taking the digital labels as an example, when the second gas sample is collected, the rotating frame rotates the bottle holder with the starting number to the injection needle position, and the numbers are rotated and collected in sequence. This design is convenient for recording and searching for corresponding gas samples, and also convenient for subsequent gas mixing operations to form the third gas sample. For example, if the second gas sample with the mixing number 4 and the number 21 is specified, the number 4 and the number 21 can be selected by clicking on the human-computer interaction system. The system controls the rotation of the rotating drive motor and the lifting and lowering of the lifting push rod according to the position record of the bottle holder, and successively aligns the gas sample storage bottles on the bottle holders with the numbers 4 and 21 with the gas extraction needle.

[0067] The air extraction module comprises an air extraction drive source and an air extraction syringe.

[0068] The gas extraction syringe includes a gas extraction push rod, a gas extraction cylinder component and a gas extraction needle. The gas extraction cylinder component has a gas extraction cylinder cavity for accommodating gas. One side of the gas extraction cylinder cavity is open for the gas extraction push rod to extend and slide in, and the other side of the gas extraction cylinder cavity is fixed and connected to the gas extraction needle. The gas extraction cylinder component and the gas extraction needle remain relatively still.

[0069] The gas extraction cylinder has a third connecting pipe and a fourth connecting pipe protruding from the outer surface. The third connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe are connected to the gas extraction cylinder cavity and the inner end is flush with the inner surface of the gas extraction cylinder cavity to avoid affecting the sliding movement of the gas extraction push rod. The third connecting pipe is blocked, and the fourth connecting pipe is externally connected to the clean gas supply source. The fourth connecting pipe is arranged near the open end of the cylinder cavity. The clean gas supply source and the fourth connecting pipe are used to introduce clean gas to purge and clean the gas extraction cylinder cavity every time a third gas sample is extracted and produced.

[0070] The gas extraction driving source drives the gas extraction syringe to move as a whole to enable the gas extraction needle to penetrate or withdraw and drives the gas extraction push rod to slide in the gas extraction cylinder cavity.

[0071] Specifically, the air intake module further includes an air intake base shell, and the air intake drive source includes a third motor and a fourth motor.

[0072] A third fixed shell seat and a fourth fixed shell seat are provided on both sides of the top surface of the air intake base shell, and an air intake movable seat and an air intake screw are provided between the third fixed shell seat and the fourth fixed shell seat, and the two ends of the air intake screw are respectively fixed to the third fixed shell seat and the fourth fixed shell seat; the air intake movable seat is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the air intake screw, and the air intake screw is screwed into the threaded hole and passes through the air intake movable seat.

[0073] The third fixed shell seat is equipped with a third clamping member for clamping the air extraction cylinder member, the third clamping member and the air extraction cylinder member remain relatively stationary, the third clamping member is installed on the third movable column, the third movable column is directly or indirectly connected to the third motor and driven thereby, a third stroke long hole is provided on the top surface of the third fixed shell seat, the third movable column passes through the third stroke long hole in a vertical direction, the exposed upper part of the third movable column is connected to the third clamping member, the lower part of the third movable column is connected to the third motor, the third motor drives the third movable column to make horizontal linear motion in the third stroke long hole, that is, the air extraction cylinder member and the air extraction needle make horizontal linear motion together.

[0074] The second end of the air intake screw extends into the interior of the fourth fixed shell seat, the bottom of the fourth fixed shell seat is open and communicated with the interior of the air intake base shell, the fourth motor is placed inside the air intake base shell, the fourth motor is directly or indirectly connected to the second end of the air intake screw and drives the air intake screw to rotate, and then drives the air intake movable seat to make horizontal linear motion along the air intake screw, and the air intake movable seat clamps the outer end of the air intake push rod to realize the movement of the air intake push rod.

[0075] Specifically, a clamping gap is provided on the side of the air extraction movable seat facing the air extraction syringe, the top surface of the clamping gap is open and a U-shaped opening is provided towards the side wall of the air extraction syringe, a clip portion is provided at the tail end of the air extraction push rod, the clip portion is inserted and fixed in the clamping gap, and the air extraction push rod and the air extraction movable seat are relatively stationary.

[0076] When the air extraction syringe is inserted or withdrawn, the third motor and the fourth motor are started together to make the air extraction cylinder and the air extraction push rod have the same displacement; when the third motor is turned off and the fourth motor is started, the air extraction push rod can be driven to slide as needed.

[0077] Preferably, two stabilizing rods are fixed between the third fixed shell seat and the fourth fixed shell seat, the two stabilizing rods are respectively located on both sides of the air extraction screw rod, the air extraction movable seat is provided with through holes adapted to the two stabilizing rods, and the two stabilizing rods penetrate the air extraction movable seat through the through holes. The motor-driven movement inevitably has vibration problems, and the design of the stabilizing rod makes the horizontal linear movement of the air extraction movable seat more stable, thereby making the movement trajectory of the air extraction needle more accurate, which is convenient for aligning and piercing the gas sample storage bottle.

[0078] More preferably, the stabilizing rod located on the same side as the stroke long hole is set as a third stabilizing rod, the end of the third stabilizing rod extends into the interior of the third fixed shell seat, and a third connecting seat is provided at the bottom of the third movable column. The third connecting seat is connected to the third motor and driven by it, and the third connecting seat has a through hole adapted for the third stabilizing rod, and the third connecting seat forms a sliding connection with the third stabilizing rod, that is, the third stabilizing rod is not only used to stabilize the movement of the air extraction movable seat, but also used to stabilize the movement of the third movable column.

[0079] Preferably, the gas injection syringe and the gas extraction syringe are mirror-symmetrical, and the number of bottle slots on each mounting disc is an even number, which facilitates the design of the rotation interval of the rotating frame so that the gas sample storage bottle is aligned with the gas injection needle or the gas extraction needle in each rotation.

[0080] Preferably, a connecting tube is provided between the air extraction module and the olfactory port, and an elastic injection plug is provided at the tube opening of the connecting tube facing the air extraction module for the air extraction needle to pierce, and the tube opening on the other side of the connecting tube is connected to the olfactory port through a conduit. The air extraction module injects the extracted gas into the connecting tube, and the gas flows to the olfactory port for the olfactory operator to smell.

[0081] The central axis of the connecting tube coincides or substantially coincides with the central axis of the gas extraction syringe, the gas extraction base shell is installed on a rotating platform and is relatively stationary, a second rotating motor is provided at the bottom of the rotating platform to drive the rotating platform to rotate, and a single rotation of the rotating platform is 180°.

[0082] Preferably, a connecting screw is provided near the tail end of the hollow chromatographic column as a conduit, a through long hole is provided in the middle of the connecting screw along the length direction, an expansion sealing ring is installed at the end of the threaded section of the connecting screw, and the hollow chromatographic column is inserted from the head of the connecting screw to the tail through the through long hole;

[0083] The inner wall of the interface of the four-way valve is provided with an internal thread adapted to the connecting screw. The inner wall of the heated expansion sealing ring contacts the outer wall of the hollow chromatographic column, and the outer wall contacts the inner wall of the internal passage of the four-way valve. The end of the hollow chromatographic column is exposed 2 to 4 mm inside the four-way valve.

[0084] More preferably, the expansion seal ring is formed by pressing a homogenized mixture of 85wt% polyimide and 15wt% graphite, or can be made of a plastic metal material. The expansion seal ring expands slightly when heated, thereby achieving the above-mentioned sealing contact to prevent gas leakage.

[0085] Preferably, the olfactory port is a trumpet-shaped structure with a narrow mouth and a wide mouth, the outer contour of the wide mouth fits the shape of the nose, and the narrow mouth can be detachably mounted on the side of a handheld box. The design of the handheld box is convenient for the olfactory worker to hold, and the connecting and docking structure of the catheter can also be hidden in the handheld box, thereby minimizing the possibility of the structure being disconnected by external force collision and affecting the test progress.

[0086] The handheld box is provided with a through opening on the opposite side of the olfactory port for passing a pipe structure, and the handheld box is provided with a fifth interface adapted to the conduit, and the fifth interface is arranged at the position where the olfactory port is installed and communicated with the olfactory port.

[0087] Specifically, the fifth interface has the same structure as the four-way valve interface to connect the hollow chromatographic column, and the hollow chromatographic column is provided with the threaded member and the expansion sealing ring to form a connection and communication with the narrow end.

[0088] The narrow opening and the hand-held box can be designed to be snap-fitted and installed and removed by rotation.

[0089] Since the pipe opening of the pipeline structure is small and bendable, it is difficult to connect with the needle, so the connecting cylinder is designed to facilitate needle alignment. The interior of the connecting cylinder has a trumpet-shaped hollow structure, the elastic injection plug is installed at the wide end, the structure of the narrow end is the same as the four-way valve interface structure to connect the hollow chromatographic column, and the threaded member and the sealing ring are provided to form a connection and communication with the narrow end.

[0090] The connecting tube is provided with a stand so that it is at a target height and docked with the gas extraction needle.

[0091] Preferably, the internal pipeline of the four-way valve is cross-shaped to form the four interfaces, the first interface and the third interface are arranged opposite to each other, and the second interface and the fourth interface are arranged opposite to each other. The function is that the gas sample and the carrier gas input from the first interface and the third interface are first mixed and then output to the second interface and the fourth interface respectively.

[0092] In practical applications, since the gas chromatograph has its own column oven, the four-way valve and its connected conduit can be rolled up as much as possible and placed in the column oven of the gas chromatograph, and the gas can remain in a gaseous state in the column oven at a higher temperature.

[0093] In practical applications, an air pump, a flow regulating valve, etc. may be adaptively arranged on the pipeline structure to control the flow of the gas sample. For example, a flow regulating valve is arranged on the conduit between the third interface and the second carrier gas supply source, a flow regulating valve is arranged on the conduit between the fourth interface and the gas injection module, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on the conduit between the fifth interface and the gas extraction module.

[0094] The flow regulating valve of the present invention may be an EPC electronic pressure controller, and the flow regulating valve transmits information such as flow rate and pressure to the controller and is controlled by the controller.

[0095] In actual applications, the EPC electronic pressure controller may also be equipped with a flow adjustment knob, through which the gas flow can be manually adjusted. The flow adjustment knob can set the gear to off, 1ml / min, 2ml / min, 3ml / min, 4ml / min, 5ml / min, 6ml / min, and the gas flow can also be adjusted through the above-mentioned human-computer interaction module.

[0096] The four-way valve is made of stainless steel. The chromatographic column used as the conduit has a length of 15, 30, 60 m, etc. The separation chromatographic column also has different liquid film thicknesses, diameters, etc., and those skilled in the art can select as needed according to actual conditions.

[0097] The main operation process of the system of the present invention is as follows:

[0098] (1) The odorous water sample or / and odorous gas sample after pretreatment enters the gas chromatograph, and at the same time, a carrier gas is introduced through the first carrier gas supply source to mix with the odorous water sample and form an unseparated gas sample. The substances in the unseparated gas sample are separated in sequence through the gas chromatograph to generate a plurality of first gas samples. The first gas sample enters the four-way valve through the first interface; at the same time, the carrier gas delivered by the second carrier gas supply source enters the four-way valve through the third interface. The first gas sample and the carrier gas are counteracted and mixed in the four-way valve, and then flow to the detector and the gas injection module through the second interface and the fourth interface of the four-way valve respectively.

[0099] (2) Collection of a single second gas sample: The system pre-sets a unit time period, and the starting position of the inner end of the gas injection push rod is set between the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. The inner pipe opening of the first connecting pipe is exposed to the inner cavity of the gas injection cylinder, so that the gas can enter the cylinder cavity. The inner pipe opening of the second connecting pipe is blocked by the gas injection push rod and is not exposed to the inner cavity of the gas injection cylinder, so as to prevent the gas entering the cylinder cavity from flowing out through the second connecting pipe.

[0100] The gas storage module rotates the mouth of the gas sample storage bottle corresponding to the starting number to align with the gas injection needle, and the first motor and the second motor are started to indirectly drive the gas injection needle of the gas injection syringe to penetrate the gas sample storage bottle. After a unit time period, the first motor drives the gas injection push rod to advance in the direction of the gas injection needle, and the gas in the gas injection cylinder is injected into the gas sample storage bottle to form a second gas sample.

[0101] (3) The first motor and the second motor are started to indirectly drive the gas injection syringe to withdraw from the gas sample storage bottle that has been injected with gas, and the first motor then drives the gas injection push rod to slide in a direction away from the gas injection needle until the inner tube opening of the second connecting pipe is exposed in the cylinder cavity of the gas injection cylinder;

[0102] The cleaning gas supply source repeatedly pumps or draws cleaning gas into the cylinder cavity through the second connecting pipe, and the cleaning gas purges and cleans the cylinder cavity. After the cylinder cavity is cleaned, the first motor is started to indirectly drive the gas injection push rod to reset, that is, the gas injection push rod is reset to between the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe;

[0103] (4) The gas storage module starts the first rotating motor to indirectly drive the rotating frame to rotate so that the next gas sample storage bottle that has not been injected with gas sample is aligned with the gas injection needle;

[0104] (5) repeating steps (2) to (4) until the gas chromatograph completes the separation of the unseparated gas sample and collects a plurality of second gas samples;

[0105] (6) The starting position of the gas extraction push rod is set so that the inner end of the gas extraction push rod is located closest to the gas extraction needle, and the gas extraction procedure is started. The gas storage module rotates the mouth of the gas sample storage bottle corresponding to the starting number and having collected the second gas sample to align with the gas extraction needle;

[0106] (7) The third motor and the fourth motor are started to indirectly drive the gas extraction needle of the gas extraction syringe to pierce the gas sample storage bottle, and the third motor then drives the gas extraction push rod to slide away from the gas extraction needle. The inner end of the gas extraction push rod will not exceed the fourth connecting pipe, causing the fourth connecting pipe to be exposed in the cylinder cavity of the gas extraction cylinder, thereby preventing the extracted second gas sample from entering the fourth connecting pipe and flowing out. The second gas sample is extracted into the gas extraction cylinder;

[0107] (8) The third motor and the fourth motor are started, indirectly driving the gas extraction syringe to withdraw from the gas sample storage bottle, the rotating platform rotates 180°, the gas extraction needle is aligned with the elastic injection plug of the connecting tube, the third motor and the fourth motor are started, indirectly driving the gas extraction syringe to penetrate the connecting tube, the third motor indirectly drives the gas extraction push rod to slide in the direction of the gas extraction needle, the gas in the gas extraction cylinder is injected into the connecting tube, and finally flows to the sniffing port for the olfactory operator to sniff;

[0108] (9) The rotating platform rotates another 180°, and the third motor drives the gas extraction push rod to slide in a direction away from the gas extraction needle until the inner tube opening of the fourth connecting pipe is exposed in the cylinder cavity of the gas extraction cylinder;

[0109] The cleaning gas supply source repeatedly pumps or draws cleaning gas into the cylinder cavity through the fourth connecting pipe, and the cleaning gas purges and cleans the cylinder cavity. After the cylinder cavity is cleaned, the third motor is started to indirectly drive the gas extraction push rod to reset, that is, the gas extraction push rod is reset to the position where the inner end of the gas extraction push rod is closest to the gas extraction needle.

[0110] (10) The gas storage module starts the first rotating motor to indirectly drive the rotating frame to rotate so that the next numbered gas sample storage bottle is aligned with the gas extraction needle;

[0111] (11) repeating steps (7) to (10) until the second gas sample is successively delivered to the olfactory port;

[0112] If the second gas sample does not have an odor that is substantially the same or identical to that of the polluted waters, proceed to the next step;

[0113] (12) Gas mixing operation of the third gas sample: the gas storage module sequentially aligns the gas sample storage bottle with the gas extraction needle in an arrangement and combination manner, or the gas storage module sequentially aligns the gas sample storage bottle with the corresponding number with the gas extraction needle according to the number combination designated by the olfactory personnel or the testing personnel. The number of the second gas samples mixed in a single portion of the third gas sample is the number of times the gas extraction syringe repeats the "insertion-extraction-exit" action. More than one portion of the second gas sample is mixed in the gas extraction syringe to form a single portion of the third gas sample, and then steps (8) and (9) are executed until the preset third gas sample is sniffed and the olfactory personnel determine the odorous substances in the polluted waters.

[0114] Alternatively, each time a single third gas sample is formed, the gas extraction syringe is first injected into a blank gas sample storage bottle until the preset second gas sample combination is completed, and then the formed several third gas samples are successively extracted from the gas sample storage bottle and injected into the connecting tube, and steps (8) and (9) are executed, and the olfactory staff determines the odorous substances in the polluted water area.

[0115] It should be noted that in actual applications, the first sniff is a preset gas concentration. After sniffing, the sniffer can also adjust the gas concentration, flow rate, etc. according to experience. In essence, as long as the odorous substances can be identified, it has high flexibility.

[0116] The system of the present invention also records the olfactory concentration warning values ​​of various substances to ensure the life and health of the olfactory personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0117] Figure 1 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0118] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the present invention (some equipment is omitted);

[0119] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the gas injection module of the present invention;

[0120] Figure 4 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the gas injection module of the present invention;

[0121] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gas storage module of the present invention;

[0122] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the gas sample storage bottle, the bottle holder and the upper mounting disc of the present invention;

[0123] Figure 7 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the air extraction module of the present invention;

[0124] Figure 8 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the air extraction module of the present invention;

[0125] Fig. 9 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the combined structure of the four-way valve and the hollow chromatographic column of the present invention;

[0126] Fig.10 This is the second schematic diagram of the combined structure of the four-way valve and the hollow chromatographic column of the present invention;

[0127] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the connecting tube and the hollow chromatographic column of the present invention;

[0128] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interior of the handheld box and the sniffing port of the present invention.

[0129] Reference numerals

[0130] A, first carrier gas supply source; B, gas chromatograph; C, second carrier gas supply source; D, detector; E, gas injection module; F, gas storage module; G, gas extraction module; L, human-computer interaction module;

[0131] 1. Four-way valve; 101. First interface; 102. Second interface; 103. Third interface; 104. Fourth interface;

[0132] 2. Connecting screws; 201. Expansion seal ring;

[0133] 3. Hollow chromatographic column;

[0134] 8. Handheld box; 801. Fifth interface;

[0135] 11. Sniffing port;

[0136] 20. Gas injection base shell; 21. Second fixed shell seat; 22. Gas injection screw rod; 23. First stabilizing rod; 24. Gas injection movable seat; 2401. Clamping slit; 25. Gas injection push rod; 26. First clamping member; 27. First fixed shell seat; 2701. First stroke long hole; 28. Gas injection cylinder member; 2801. First connecting pipe; 2802. Second connecting pipe; 29. ​​First movable column; 30. First connecting seat; 31. First motor;

[0137] 32. Gas sample storage bottle; 33. Bottle holder; 3301. Arc clamp; 3302. Wall-abutting; 34. Support shaft; 35. Upper mounting disc; 36. Lower mounting disc; 37. Lifting push rod; 38. Mounting platform; 39. First rotating motor;

[0138] 40. Gas extraction base shell; 41. Third fixed shell seat; 4101. Third stroke long hole; 42. Gas extraction cylinder; 4201. Fourth pipe 4201; 43. Third clamping member; 44. Gas extraction push rod; 45. Gas extraction moving seat; 46. Third stabilizing rod; 47. Gas extraction screw rod; 48. Fourth fixed shell seat; 49. Rotating platform; 50. Second rotating motor; 51. Third motor; 52. Third connecting seat; 53. Third moving column;

[0139] 54. Connecting tube;

[0140] 56. Flow control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0141] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0142] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0143] Reference Figures 1 to 12 The system used in this embodiment includes a first carrier gas supply source A, a gas chromatograph B, a second carrier gas supply source C, a detector D, a controller, a sniffing port 11 and a pipeline structure.

[0144] The output end of the first carrier gas supply source A is connected to the gas chromatograph B.

[0145] The gas chromatograph B includes a separation chromatographic column with a coating. The output end of the gas chromatograph B and the output end of the second carrier gas supply source C are connected and collected through a pipeline structure, and then directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the detector D and the input end of the sniffing port 11 through the pipeline structure.

[0146] In this embodiment, the controller is connected to a human-computer interaction module L, and the human-computer interaction module L is a display screen, a keyboard, a mouse, etc. connected to the controller.

[0147] In this embodiment, the detector D is a mass spectrometer MS. The unit mass analyzer type of the mass spectrometer MS used in this embodiment is a quadrupole, which is a scanning instrument that only allows ions of a specific m / z to pass through the quadrupole in a stable trajectory to reach the ion detector by changing the voltage. The working mode of the quadrupole instrument: Full scan mode: The full scan (SCAN) mode obtains all ions within a certain mass range, which is suitable for the identification of unknown substances, method development, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of high-concentration analytes.

[0148] The first carrier gas supply source A and the second carrier gas supply source C are commercially available gas cylinders storing helium.

[0149] The dry air supply source H is a commercially available gas cylinder storing dry air.

[0150] In this embodiment, the pipeline structure includes a four-way valve 1 and a plurality of conduits, wherein the conduits are hollow chromatographic columns 3 without coating.

[0151] The four interfaces of the four-way valve 1 are configured as a first interface 101 , a second interface 102 , a third interface 103 and a fourth interface 104 .

[0152] The first interface 101 is directly or indirectly connected to the gas output end of the gas chromatograph B through a conduit.

[0153] The second interface 102 is directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the detector D through a conduit.

[0154] The third interface 103 is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the second carrier gas supply source C through a conduit and is provided with a flow regulating valve 56 .

[0155] A gas storage and mixing device is provided between the fourth interface 104 of the four-way valve 1 and the olfactory port 11 to transport, store and mix gas, and the gas storage and mixing device includes a gas injection module E, a gas storage module F and a gas extraction module G;

[0156] The fourth interface 104 and the gas injection module E are connected by a conduit and provided with a flow regulating valve 56;

[0157] The sniffing port 11 is directly or indirectly connected to the air extraction module G and is provided with a flow regulating valve 56 .

[0158] The gas injection module E includes a gas injection drive source and a gas injection syringe, and the gas storage module F includes 48 gas sample storage bottles 32, and the gas sample storage bottles 32 are used to store the second gas sample or the gas sample storage bottles 32 are used to store the second gas sample and the third gas sample.

[0159] The gas injection syringe includes a gas injection push rod 25, a gas injection cylinder component 28 and a gas injection needle. The interior of the gas injection cylinder component 28 has a gas injection cylinder cavity for accommodating gas. One side of the gas injection cylinder cavity is open to allow the gas injection push rod 25 to slide in, and the other side of the gas injection cylinder cavity is fixed and connected to the gas injection needle. The gas injection cylinder component 28 and the gas injection needle remain relatively still.

[0160] The gas injection cylinder 28 has a first connecting pipe 2801 protruding from the outer surface. The first connecting pipe 2801 is connected to the gas injection cylinder cavity. The inner end of the first connecting pipe 2801 is flush with the inner surface of the gas injection cylinder cavity to avoid affecting the sliding movement of the gas injection push rod 25.

[0161] The gas injection driving source drives the gas injection syringe to move as a whole so that the gas injection needle can penetrate into or withdraw from the gas sample storage bottle 32 and drives the gas injection push rod 25 to slide in the gas injection cylinder cavity.

[0162] The first connecting pipe 2801 is externally connected to the fourth interface 104, collects gas according to a preset unit time period (one minute in this embodiment) and then injects it into the gas sample storage bottle 32 to form a second gas sample.

[0163] In this embodiment, the gas injection cylinder 28 also has a second connecting pipe 2802 protruding from the outer surface. The structure of the second connecting pipe 2802 is the same as that of the first connecting pipe 2801. The second connecting pipe 2802 is externally connected to a clean gas supply source. The first connecting pipe 2801 is arranged near the gas injection needle, and the second connecting pipe 2802 is arranged near the open end of the cylinder cavity. The clean gas supply source and the second connecting pipe 2802 are used to introduce clean gas to purge and clean the gas injection cylinder cavity every time a second gas sample is delivered to the gas sample storage bottle 32. The clean gas supply source is a gas cylinder storing nitrogen.

[0164] Specifically, the gas injection module E further includes a gas injection base shell 20, and the gas injection driving source includes a first motor 31 and a second motor.

[0165] A first fixed shell seat 27 and a second fixed shell seat 21 are provided on both sides of the top surface of the gas injection base shell 20, and a gas injection movable seat 24 and a gas injection screw 22 are provided between the first fixed shell seat 27 and the second fixed shell seat 21, and the two ends of the gas injection screw 22 are respectively fixed to the first fixed shell seat 27 and the second fixed shell seat 21; the gas injection movable seat 24 is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the gas injection screw 22, and the gas injection screw 22 is screwed into the threaded hole and passes through the gas injection movable seat 24.

[0166] The first fixed shell seat 27 is equipped with a first clamping member 26 for clamping the gas injection cylinder 28. The first clamping member 26 and the gas injection cylinder 28 remain relatively stationary. The first clamping member 26 is installed on the first movable column 29. The first movable column 29 is directly or indirectly connected to the first motor 31 and driven by it. The top surface of the first fixed shell seat 27 is provided with a first stroke long hole 2701. The first movable column 29 passes through the first stroke long hole 2701 in the vertical direction. The exposed upper part of the first movable column 29 is connected to the first clamping member 26, and the lower part of the first movable column 29 is connected to the first motor 31. The first motor 31 drives the first movable column 29 to make horizontal linear motion in the first stroke long hole 2701, that is, the gas injection cylinder 28 and the gas injection needle make horizontal linear motion together.

[0167] The second end of the gas injection screw 22 extends into the interior of the second fixed shell seat 21, the bottom of the second fixed shell seat 21 is open and communicates with the interior of the gas injection base shell 20, and the second motor is arranged inside the gas injection base shell 20. The second motor is directly or indirectly connected to the second end of the gas injection screw 22 and drives the gas injection screw 22 to rotate, thereby driving the gas injection movable seat 24 to make horizontal linear motion along the gas injection screw 22, and the gas injection movable seat 24 clamps the outer end of the gas injection push rod 25 to realize the movement of the gas injection push rod 25.

[0168] Specifically, a clamping slot 2401 is provided on the side of the gas injection movable seat 24 facing the gas injection syringe, the top surface of the clamping slot 2401 is open and a U-shaped opening is provided on the side wall facing the gas injection syringe, and a clip portion is provided at the tail end of the gas injection push rod 25, which is inserted and fixed in the clamping slot 2401, and the gas injection push rod and the gas injection movable seat 24 are relatively stationary.

[0169] When the gas injection syringe is inserted into or withdrawn from the gas sample storage bottle 32, the first motor 31 and the second motor are started together to make the gas injection cylinder 28 and the gas injection push rod 25 have the same displacement; when the first motor 31 is turned off, the second motor is started to drive the gas injection push rod 25 to slide as needed.

[0170] In this embodiment, two stabilizing rods are fixed between the first fixed housing seat 27 and the second fixed housing seat 21, and the two stabilizing rods are respectively located on both sides of the gas injection screw 22. The gas injection movable seat 24 is provided with through holes adapted to the two stabilizing rods, and the two stabilizing rods pass through the gas injection movable seat 24 through the through holes. The motor-driven movement inevitably has vibration problems, and the design of the stabilizing rod makes the horizontal linear movement of the gas injection movable seat 24 more stable, thereby making the movement trajectory of the gas injection needle more accurate, which is convenient for aligning and piercing the gas sample storage bottle 32.

[0171] In this embodiment, the stabilizing rod located on the same side as the stroke long hole is set as a first stabilizing rod 23, and the end of the first stabilizing rod 23 extends into the interior of the first fixed shell seat 27. A first connecting seat 30 is provided at the bottom of the first movable column 29. The first connecting seat 30 is connected to the first motor 31 and driven by it. The first connecting seat 30 has a through hole adapted to the first stabilizing rod 23. The first connecting seat 30 forms a sliding connection with the first stabilizing rod 23, that is, the first stabilizing rod 23 is not only used to stabilize the movement of the gas injection movable seat 24, but also used to stabilize the movement of the first movable column 29.

[0172] In this embodiment, the gas storage module F further includes a rotating frame and a first rotating motor 39 .

[0173] The 48 gas sample storage bottles 32 are placed on a rotating frame, and the rotating frame is provided with a first rotating motor 39, which drives the rotating frame to rotate. The rotating frame is provided with 48 bottle clamps 33 for fixing the gas sample storage bottles 32, and a plurality of the bottle clamps 33 are horizontally placed on the rotating frame and are evenly arrayed around the circumference.

[0174] The bottle holder 33 includes two arc-shaped clamps 3301 arranged opposite to each other. A vertically arranged abutment wall 3302 is provided on one side of the bottle holder 33 close to the center of the rotating frame. The gas sample storage bottle 32 is horizontally clamped in the bottle holder 33. The mouth of the gas sample storage bottle 32 placed on the rotating frame faces the peripheral direction. The bottle body is surrounded and clamped by the two arc-shaped clamps 3301, and the bottom of the bottle abuts against the abutment wall 3302 to withstand the force when the needle pierces the gas sample storage bottle 32.

[0175] In this embodiment, the rotating frame includes a support shaft 34 arranged along the vertical direction and two mounting discs, the two mounting discs are configured as an upper mounting disc 35 and a lower mounting disc 36, and the two mounting discs are fixed to the support shaft 34 and distributed up and down.

[0176] The support shaft 34 passes through the center position of the mounting disc, and the support shaft 34 and the mounting disc are relatively stationary. The support shaft 34 is directly or indirectly driven to rotate by the first rotating motor 39. The top surfaces of the upper mounting disc 35 and the lower mounting disc 36 are respectively installed with 24 bottle holders 33. After the gas sample storage bottle 32 is clamped in the bottle holder 33, the bottle mouth protrudes outward from the edge of the mounting disc.

[0177] The bottom of the lower mounting disc is provided with a concentric circumferential slide rail, and the lifting push rod 37 is provided with three and is evenly distributed on the mounting platform 38. The end of the moving rod of the lifting push rod 37 is slidably engaged with the circumferential slide rail, and the fixed seat of the lifting push rod 37 is installed and fixed on a mounting platform 38. The bottom of the mounting platform 38 is connected and fixed with the first rotating motor 39, and the lifting push rod 37 drives the upper mounting disc 35 and the lower mounting disc 36 to rise and fall.

[0178] Specifically, the 48 bottle holders 33 are numbered 1 to 48, and their positions are recorded in the system.

[0179] When the second gas sample is collected, the rotating frame rotates the bottle holder 33 numbered 1 to the position of the gas injection needle, sets the angle of each rotation to 15°, and collects the gas samples in sequence. This design facilitates recording and searching for the corresponding gas samples, and also facilitates the subsequent gas mixing operation to form the third gas sample. For example, if the second gas sample numbered 4 and 21 is specified to be mixed, the human-computer interaction system can be used to click and select numbered 4 and 21. The system controls the rotation of the rotating drive motor and the lifting and lowering of the lifting push rod 37 according to the position record of the bottle holder 33, and successively aligns the gas sample storage bottles 32 on the bottle holders 33 numbered 4 and 21 with the gas extraction needle.

[0180] Specifically, the mouth of the gas sample storage bottle 32 is provided with an elastic injection rubber plug for the needle to pierce, and the elastic injection rubber plug seals itself after the needle exits the gas sample storage bottle 32.

[0181] The air extraction module G includes an air extraction drive source and an air extraction syringe.

[0182] The gas extraction syringe includes a gas extraction push rod 44, a gas extraction cylinder part 42 and a gas extraction needle. The interior of the gas extraction cylinder part 42 has a gas extraction cylinder cavity for accommodating gas. One side of the gas extraction cylinder cavity is open for the gas extraction push rod 44 to slide in, and the other side of the gas extraction cylinder cavity is fixed and connected to the gas extraction needle. The gas extraction cylinder part 42 and the gas extraction needle remain relatively still.

[0183] The gas extraction cylinder 42 has a third connecting pipe and a fourth connecting pipe 4201 protruding from the outer surface. The third connecting pipe and the fourth connecting pipe 4201 are connected to the gas extraction cylinder cavity and the inner ends are flush with the inner surface of the gas extraction cylinder cavity to avoid affecting the sliding movement of the gas extraction push rod 44. The third connecting pipe is blocked, and the fourth connecting pipe 4201 is externally connected to the clean gas supply source, and the fourth connecting pipe 4201 is arranged near the open end of the cylinder cavity. The clean gas supply source and the fourth connecting pipe 4201 are used to introduce clean gas to purge and clean the gas extraction cylinder cavity every time a third gas sample is extracted and manufactured.

[0184] The gas extraction driving source drives the gas extraction syringe to move as a whole to enable the gas extraction needle to penetrate or withdraw and drives the gas extraction push rod 44 to slide in the gas extraction cylinder cavity.

[0185] Specifically, the air intake module G further includes an air intake base shell 40, and the air intake driving source includes a third motor 51 and a fourth motor.

[0186] A third fixed shell seat 41 and a fourth fixed shell seat 48 are provided on both sides of the top surface of the air intake base shell 40, and an air intake movable seat 45 and an air intake screw rod 47 are provided between the third fixed shell seat 41 and the fourth fixed shell seat 48, and the two ends of the air intake screw rod 47 are respectively fixed to the third fixed shell seat 41 and the fourth fixed shell seat 48; the air intake movable seat 45 is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the air intake screw rod 47, and the air intake screw rod 47 is screwed into the threaded hole and passes through the air intake movable seat 45.

[0187] The third fixed shell seat 41 is equipped with a third clamping member 43 for clamping the air extraction cylinder member 42, and the third clamping member 43 and the air extraction cylinder member 42 remain relatively stationary. The third clamping member 43 is installed on the third movable column 53, and the third movable column 53 is directly or indirectly connected to the third motor 51 and driven thereby. A third stroke long hole 4101 is provided on the top surface of the third fixed shell seat 41, and the third movable column 53 passes through the third stroke long hole 4101 in the vertical direction. The exposed upper part of the third movable column 53 is connected to the third clamping member 43, and the lower part of the third movable column 53 is connected to the third motor 51. The third motor 51 drives the third movable column 53 to make horizontal linear motion in the third stroke long hole 4101, that is, the air extraction cylinder member 42 and the air extraction needle make horizontal linear motion together.

[0188] The second end of the air intake screw rod 47 extends into the interior of the fourth fixed shell seat 48, the bottom of the fourth fixed shell seat 48 is open and communicates with the interior of the air intake base shell 40, and the fourth motor is placed inside the air intake base shell 40. The fourth motor is directly or indirectly connected to the second end of the air intake screw rod 47 and drives the air intake screw rod 47 to rotate, thereby driving the air intake movable seat 45 to make horizontal linear motion along the air intake screw rod 47, and the air intake movable seat 45 clamps the outer end of the air intake push rod 44 to realize the movement of the air intake push rod 44.

[0189] Specifically, the air extraction movable seat 45 is provided with a clamping gap on the side facing the air extraction syringe, the top surface of the clamping gap is open and a U-shaped opening is opened towards the side wall of the air extraction syringe, the tail end of the air extraction push rod 44 is provided with a clip part, and the clip part is inserted and fixed in the clamping gap, and the air extraction push rod and the air extraction movable seat 45 are relatively stationary.

[0190] When the air extraction syringe is inserted or withdrawn, the third motor 51 and the fourth motor are started together to make the air extraction cylinder 42 and the air extraction push rod 44 have the same displacement; when the third motor 51 is turned off and the fourth motor is started, the air extraction push rod 44 can be driven to slide as needed.

[0191] In this embodiment, two stabilizing rods are fixed between the third fixed shell seat 41 and the fourth fixed shell seat 48. The two stabilizing rods are respectively located on both sides of the air intake screw rod 47. The air intake movable seat 45 is provided with through holes adapted to the two stabilizing rods. The two stabilizing rods pass through the air intake movable seat 45 through the through holes.

[0192] In this embodiment, the stabilizing rod located on the same side as the stroke long hole is set as a third stabilizing rod 46, and the end of the third stabilizing rod 46 extends into the interior of the third fixed shell seat 41. The bottom of the third movable column 53 is provided with a third connecting seat 52, and the third connecting seat 52 is connected to the third motor 51 and driven by it. The third connecting seat 52 has a through hole adapted to the third stabilizing rod 46, and the third connecting seat 52 forms a sliding connection with the third stabilizing rod 46, that is, the third stabilizing rod 46 is not only used to stabilize the movement of the air extraction movable seat 45, but also used to stabilize the movement of the third movable column 53.

[0193] The gas injection syringe and the gas extraction syringe are mirror-symmetrical.

[0194] In this embodiment, a connecting tube 54 is provided between the olfactory port 11 and the air extraction module G. The connecting tube 54 is provided with an elastic injection plug at the tube opening facing the air extraction module G for the air extraction needle to penetrate. The other side tube opening of the connecting tube 54 is connected to the fifth interface 405 by a conduit, and is indirectly connected to the olfactory port 11. The air extraction module G injects the extracted gas into the connecting tube 54, and the gas flows to the olfactory port 11 for the olfactory operator to smell.

[0195] The central axis of the connecting tube 54 coincides or substantially coincides with the central axis of the air extraction syringe. The air extraction base shell 40 is installed on a rotating platform 49 and is relatively stationary. A second rotating motor 50 is provided at the bottom of the rotating platform 49 to drive the rotating platform 49 to rotate. A single rotation of the rotating platform 49 is 180°.

[0196] Specifically, the interior of the connecting cylinder 54 has a trumpet-shaped hollow structure, the elastic injection plug is installed at the wide end, and the structure of the narrow end is the same as the interface structure of the four-way valve 1 to connect the hollow chromatographic column 3. The hollow chromatographic column 3 is provided with the threaded part and the sealing ring to form a connection and communication with the narrow end.

[0197] The connecting tube 54 is provided with a stand to make it at a target height to dock with the gas extraction needle.

[0198] Specifically, the internal pipeline of the four-way valve 1 is cross-shaped to form the four interfaces mentioned above, the first interface 101 and the third interface 103 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second interface 102 and the fourth interface 104 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0199] Specifically, a connecting screw 2 is provided near the tail end of the hollow chromatographic column 3 serving as a conduit, a through long hole is provided in the middle of the connecting screw 2 along the length direction, an expansion sealing ring 201 is installed at the end of the threaded section of the connecting screw 2, and the hollow chromatographic column 3 is inserted from the head of the connecting screw 2 to the tail through the through long hole;

[0200] The inner wall of the interface of the four-way valve 1 is provided with an internal thread adapted to the connecting screw 2. After being heated, the inner wall of the expansion sealing ring 201 contacts the outer wall of the hollow chromatographic column 3, and the outer wall contacts the inner wall of the internal passage of the four-way valve 1. The end of the hollow chromatographic column 3 is exposed 3 mm inside the four-way valve 1.

[0201] More specifically, the expansion seal ring 201 is formed by homogenizing and pressing 85 wt % polyimide and 15 wt % graphite. The expansion seal ring 201 will expand slightly after being heated, thereby achieving the above-mentioned sealing contact to prevent gas leakage.

[0202] The four-way valve 1 is made of stainless steel. The chromatographic column used as the conduit has a length of 15, 30, 60 m, etc. The separation chromatographic column also has different liquid film thicknesses, diameters, etc., and those skilled in the art can select as needed according to actual conditions.

[0203] In this embodiment, the sniffing port 11 is a trumpet-shaped structure with a narrow opening and a wide opening. The outer contour of the wide opening fits the shape of the nose, and the narrow opening can be detachably mounted on the side of a handheld box 8.

[0204] The handheld box 8 is provided with a through opening on the opposite side of the olfactory port 11 for passing a pipe structure, and the handheld box 8 is provided with a fifth interface 801 adapted to the conduit, and the fifth interface 801 is arranged at the position where the olfactory port 11 is installed and communicated with the olfactory port 11.

[0205] Specifically, the fifth interface 801 has the same structure as the interface of the four-way valve 1 to connect the hollow chromatographic column, and the hollow chromatographic column is provided with the threaded member 2 and the expansion seal ring 201 to form a connection and communication with the fifth interface 801. Other structures that need to be connected and communicated with the hollow chromatographic column are similar.

[0206] The narrow opening and the hand-held box 8 are mounted in a snap-fit ​​manner, and can be installed and removed by rotating.

[0207] The flow regulating valve 56 is an EPC electronic pressure controller. The flow regulating valve 56 transmits information such as flow rate and pressure to the controller and is controlled by the controller.

[0208] In practical applications, the EPC electronic pressure controller may also be equipped with a flow adjustment knob, through which the gas flow rate can be manually adjusted. The flow adjustment knob may set the gear to off, 1ml / min, 2ml / min, 3ml / min, 4ml / min, 5ml / min, 6ml / min, and the gas flow rate may also be adjusted through the above-mentioned human-computer interaction module L. The pipeline structure may also be adaptively equipped with conventional components such as an air pump.

[0209] A section of river in Nansha District, Guangzhou, often emits a strong odor, and it is necessary to quickly identify the main odor-causing substances in order to alleviate the odor as soon as possible.

[0210] The main operation process is as follows:

[0211] (1) Ospreys conduct on-site sniffing of polluted waters emitting strong odors. Environmental protection personnel trace the source of the river upstream to collect odorous water samples, which are then sealed and taken back to the laboratory.

[0212] (2) The odorous water sample is pre-treated to enrich and extract, which meets the injection requirements of gas chromatograph B.

[0213] (3) The odorous water sample after pretreatment enters the gas chromatograph B through the automatic sample injector, and at the same time, helium as a carrier gas is introduced through the first carrier gas supply source A to mix with the odorous water sample. The odorous water sample is vaporized at the inlet of the heated gas chromatograph B to form an unseparated gas sample;

[0214] The substances in the unseparated gas sample are separated in sequence by the gas chromatograph B to produce several portions of the first gas sample. The first gas sample enters the four-way valve 1 through the first interface 101, and at the same time, the helium delivered by the second carrier gas supply source C enters the four-way valve 1 through the third interface 103. The first gas sample and the helium are counter-mixed in the four-way valve 1, and then flow to the detector D and the gas injection module E through the second interface 102 and the fourth interface 104 of the four-way valve 1 respectively.

[0215] (2) Collection of a single second gas sample: The system pre-sets a unit time period of 1 minute. The starting position of the inner end of the gas injection push rod 25 is set between the first connecting pipe 2801 and the second connecting pipe 2802. The inner pipe opening of the first connecting pipe 2801 is exposed to the inner cavity of the gas injection cylinder 28, so that the gas can enter the cylinder cavity. The inner pipe opening of the second connecting pipe 2802 is blocked by the gas injection push rod 25 and is not exposed to the inner cavity of the gas injection cylinder 28, so as to prevent the gas entering the cylinder cavity from flowing out through the second connecting pipe 2802.

[0216] The gas storage module F rotates the mouth of the gas sample storage bottle 32 numbered 1 to align with the gas injection needle, and the first motor 31 and the second motor are started, indirectly driving the gas injection needle of the gas injection syringe to penetrate into the gas sample storage bottle 32. After 1 minute, the first motor 31 drives the gas injection push rod 25 to advance in the direction of the gas injection needle, and the gas in the gas injection cylinder 28 is injected into the gas sample storage bottle 32 to form a second gas sample.

[0217] (3) The first motor 31 and the second motor are started to indirectly drive the gas injection syringe to withdraw from the gas sample storage bottle 32 into which the gas has been injected, and the first motor 31 then drives the gas injection push rod 25 to slide in a direction away from the gas injection needle until the inner tube opening of the second connecting pipe 2802 is exposed in the cylinder cavity of the gas injection cylinder 28;

[0218] The cleaning gas supply source repeatedly pumps or draws nitrogen as a cleaning gas into the barrel cavity through the second connecting pipe 2802, and the cleaning gas purges and cleans the barrel cavity. After the barrel cavity is cleaned, the first motor 31 starts and indirectly drives the gas injection push rod 25 to reset, that is, the gas injection push rod 25 resets to between the first connecting pipe 2801 and the second connecting pipe 2802.

[0219] (4) The gas storage module F starts the first rotating motor 39, which indirectly drives the rotating frame to rotate so that the next gas sample storage bottle 32 that has not been injected with gas sample is aligned with the gas injection needle.

[0220] (5) Repeat steps (2) to (4), and the gas chromatograph B completes the separation of the unseparated gas sample and collects 45 second gas samples.

[0221] (6) The starting position of the gas extraction push rod 44 is set so that the inner end of the gas extraction push rod 44 is located closest to the gas extraction needle, and the gas extraction procedure begins. The gas storage module F rotates the mouth of the gas sample storage bottle 32 corresponding to number 1, which has collected the second gas sample, to align with the gas extraction needle.

[0222] (7) The third motor 51 and the fourth motor are started, indirectly driving the gas extraction needle of the gas extraction syringe to penetrate into the gas sample storage bottle 32, and the third motor 51 then drives the gas extraction push rod 44 to slide in the direction away from the gas extraction needle. The inner end of the gas extraction push rod 44 will not exceed the fourth connecting pipe 4201, causing the fourth connecting pipe 4201 to be exposed in the cylinder cavity of the gas extraction cylinder 42, thereby preventing the extracted second gas sample from entering the fourth connecting pipe 4201 and flowing out. The second gas sample is extracted into the gas extraction cylinder 42.

[0223] (8) The third motor 51 and the fourth motor are started, indirectly driving the gas extraction syringe to withdraw from the gas sample storage bottle 32, and the rotating platform 49 is rotated 180°, and the gas extraction needle is aligned with the elastic injection plug of the connecting tube 54. The third motor 51 and the fourth motor are started, indirectly driving the gas extraction syringe to penetrate the connecting tube 54, and the third motor 51 indirectly drives the gas extraction push rod 44 to slide in the direction of the gas extraction needle. The gas in the gas extraction cylinder 42 is injected into the connecting tube 54 and finally flows to the olfactory port 11 for the olfactory operator to smell.

[0224] (9) The rotating platform 49 rotates another 180°, and the third motor 51 drives the gas extraction push rod 44 to slide in a direction away from the gas extraction needle until the inner tube opening of the fourth connecting pipe 4201 is exposed in the cylinder cavity of the gas extraction cylinder 42;

[0225] The cleaning gas supply source repeatedly pumps or draws cleaning gas into the cylinder cavity through the fourth connecting pipe 4201, and the cleaning gas purges and cleans the cylinder cavity. After the cylinder cavity is cleaned, the third motor 51 is started to indirectly drive the gas extraction push rod 44 to reset, that is, the gas extraction push rod 44 is reset to the position where the inner end of the gas extraction push rod 44 is closest to the gas extraction needle.

[0226] (10) The gas storage module F starts the first rotating motor 39, which indirectly drives the rotating frame to rotate so that the next gas sample storage bottle 32 is aligned with the gas extraction needle;

[0227] (11) repeating steps (7) to (10) until 45 portions of the second gas samples are successively delivered to the olfactory port 11;

[0228] The sniffer pointed out that the second gas samples No. 27 and No. 29 had a more obvious odor. The second gas sample No. 27 smelled like plastic, and the second gas sample No. 29 smelled like a sour rag, but they were not exactly the same as the odor of the polluted waters.

[0229] (12) Gas mixing operation of the third gas sample: the gas storage module F aligns the gas sample storage bottles 32 of No. 27 and No. 29 with the gas sampling needle in turn, and the gas sampling syringe performs two "insertion-extraction-exit" actions. The second gas samples of No. 27 and No. 29 are mixed in the gas sampling syringe to form a third gas sample, and step (8) is executed. After sniffing, the olfactory staff points out that the third gas sample has the same odor as the polluted water area. After checking the detector D, the substance of No. 27 is o-tert-butylphenol and the substance of No. 29 is 2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyrazine, thereby determining the main odorous substance in the polluted water area.

[0230] Based on the above detection results, targeted treatment was quickly carried out on this river section and the odor was effectively controlled, which shows that the present invention can effectively improve the identification accuracy of odorous substances in polluted waters, and the process of determining odorous substances is relatively simple. There is no need to establish a huge database and analysis model in the early stage, which is conducive to the rapid determination of the main odorous substances in polluted waters.

[0231] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs may also change and modify the above implementation modes. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation modes disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for the convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly determining the main odor substances, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) The gas chromatograph sequentially separates and generates a plurality of first gas samples, each of which is divided into two parts, namely, the first part and the second part; The second part is sequentially transported to the gas storage module for storage, forming several second gas samples, which are sequentially transported to the olfactory port for olfactory identification. The olfactory staff points out a second gas sample that is identical or substantially identical to the odor of the polluted waters, and determines the odorous substances in the polluted waters. Or if the smeller points out more than one second gas sample with a bad odor, proceed to step 3); 3) One or more second gas samples pointed out to have odor are mixed in order in a permutation and combination manner or in a combination designated by the olfactory inspector or the testing personnel to form one or more third gas samples, which are sequentially transported to the olfactory port for the olfactory inspector to smell and distinguish. The olfactory inspector points out a third gas sample that is closest to or the same as the odor of the polluted waters to determine the main odorous substance in the polluted waters; The method is implemented by the following system: A system for rapidly determining major odorous substances, comprising a gas chromatograph, a detector, a controller, a first carrier gas supply source, a second carrier gas supply source, a gas storage and mixing device, a sniffing port and a pipeline structure; The output end of the first carrier gas supply source is connected to the gas chromatograph; The gas chromatograph comprises a separation chromatographic column with a coating, the output end of the gas chromatograph and the output end of the second carrier gas supply source are connected and collected through a pipeline structure, and then directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the detector and the input end of the olfactory port through a gas storage and mixing device and a pipeline structure; The pipeline structure includes a four-way valve and a plurality of conduits; The first interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the gas output end of the gas chromatograph through a conduit; The second interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the detector through a conduit; The third interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the second carrier gas supply source through a conduit; The fourth interface of the four-way valve is directly or indirectly connected to the input end of the sniffing port through a conduit; An air storage and mixing device is provided between the fourth interface and the olfactory port; The gas storage and mixing device comprises a gas injection module, a gas storage module and a gas extraction module; The gas storage module includes a plurality of gas sample storage bottles, wherein the gas sample storage bottles are used to store the second gas sample or the gas sample storage bottles are used to store the second gas sample and the third gas sample; The air extraction module comprises an air extraction drive source and an air extraction syringe; The gas extraction syringe comprises a gas extraction push rod, a gas extraction cylinder part and a gas extraction needle. The gas extraction cylinder part has a gas extraction cylinder cavity for accommodating gas. One side of the gas extraction cylinder cavity is open for the gas extraction push rod to extend and slide in. The other side of the gas extraction cylinder cavity is fixed and connected to the gas extraction needle. The gas extraction cylinder part and the gas extraction needle remain relatively still. The gas extraction cylinder has a fourth connecting pipe protruding from the outer surface, the fourth connecting pipe is communicated with the gas extraction cylinder cavity and the inner end thereof is flush with the inner surface of the gas extraction cylinder cavity, the fourth connecting pipe is externally connected to the clean gas supply source, and the fourth connecting pipe is arranged close to the open end of the cylinder cavity; The gas extraction drive source drives the gas extraction syringe to move as a whole to enable the gas extraction needle to pierce or withdraw and drives the gas extraction push rod to slide in the gas extraction syringe cavity; The gas injection module is directly or indirectly connected to the fourth connecting pipe, and the gas extraction module is directly or indirectly connected to the sniffing port; The gas injection module comprises a gas injection drive source and a gas injection syringe; The gas injection syringe comprises a gas injection push rod, a gas injection cylinder part and a gas injection needle. The gas injection cylinder part has a gas injection cylinder cavity for accommodating gas. One side of the gas injection cylinder cavity is open for the gas injection push rod to extend and slide in. The other side of the gas injection cylinder cavity is fixed and connected to the gas injection needle. The gas injection cylinder part and the gas injection needle remain relatively still. The gas injection cylinder has at least one first connecting pipe protruding from the outer surface, the first connecting pipe is communicated with the gas injection cylinder cavity, and the inner end of the first connecting pipe is flush with the inner surface of the gas injection cylinder cavity; The gas injection drive source drives the gas injection syringe to move as a whole so that the gas injection needle can penetrate into or withdraw from the gas sample storage bottle and drives the gas injection push rod to slide in the gas injection cylinder cavity; The first connecting pipe is externally connected to the fourth interface.

2. The method for quickly determining the main odorous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1-a) The sniffer conducts on-site sniffing of the polluted waters and collects odorous water samples and / or odorous gas samples of the polluted waters emitting strong odors; 1-b) Pre-treat the odorous water sample and / or odorous gas sample to meet the sampling requirements of the gas chromatograph; 1-c) The odorous water sample or / and odorous gas sample after pretreatment enters the gas chromatograph, and a carrier gas (such as helium, nitrogen, etc.) is introduced to mix with the sample to form an unseparated gas sample. The substances in the unseparated gas sample are separated in sequence by the gas chromatograph to generate a plurality of the first gas samples, each of which is divided into two parts, namely, the first part and the second part; 2-a) The first part is transported to the detector for qualitative and quantitative analysis; The second part is sequentially transported to the gas storage module for separate storage, and a unit time period is pre-set, and the gas is collected and numbered in the set unit time period to form a plurality of the second gas samples, which are collected to the gas chromatograph for material separation; 2-b) A plurality of extracted portions of the second gas samples are sequentially transported to the sniffing port, and the sniffer sniffs the second gas samples; 2-c) The smeller points out a second gas sample that has the same or substantially the same odor as the polluted waters, checks the number of the second gas sample and its corresponding time period, and then checks the substances detected by the detector in that time period to determine the odorous substances in the polluted waters; or, if the smeller points out more than one second gas sample with an odor, execute step 3); 3) One or more second gas samples that are pointed out to have odor are mixed in sequence in the form of permutations and combinations or in the combinations specified by the olfactory inspectors or testers to form one or more third gas samples, which are sequentially transported to the olfactory port for the olfactory inspectors to smell and distinguish. The olfactory inspectors point out a third gas sample that is closest to or the same as the odor of the polluted waters to determine the main odorous substances in the polluted waters.

3. The method for quickly determining the main odorous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas injection module further includes a gas injection base shell, and the gas injection drive source includes a first motor and a second motor; A first fixed shell seat and a second fixed shell seat are provided on both sides of the top surface of the gas injection base shell, a gas injection movable seat and a gas injection screw are provided between the first fixed shell seat and the second fixed shell seat, and two ends of the gas injection screw are respectively fixed to the first fixed shell seat and the second fixed shell seat; The gas injection movable seat is provided with a threaded hole adapted to fit the gas injection screw rod, and the gas injection screw rod is screwed into the threaded hole and passes through the gas injection movable seat; The first fixed housing seat is provided with a first clamping member for clamping the gas injection cylinder member, the first clamping member and the gas injection cylinder member remain relatively still, the first clamping member is installed on a first movable column, the first movable column is directly or indirectly connected to and driven by the first motor, a first stroke long hole is provided on the top surface of the first fixed housing seat, the first movable column passes through the first stroke long hole in a vertical direction, the exposed upper part of the first movable column is connected to the first clamping member, the lower part of the first movable column is connected to the first motor, and the first motor drives the first movable column to perform horizontal linear motion in the first stroke long hole; The second end of the gas injection screw extends into the interior of the second fixed shell seat, the bottom of the second fixed shell seat is open and communicated with the interior of the gas injection base shell, the second motor is arranged inside the gas injection base shell, the second motor is directly or indirectly connected to the second end of the gas injection screw and drives the gas injection screw to rotate, and then drives the gas injection movable seat to perform horizontal linear motion along the gas injection screw, and the gas injection movable seat clamps the outer end of the gas injection push rod to realize the movement of the gas injection push rod; When the gas injection needle is inserted into or withdrawn from the gas sample storage bottle, the first motor and the second motor are started together to make the gas injection cylinder and the gas injection push rod have the same displacement; The first motor is turned off, and the second motor is turned on to drive the gas injection push rod to slide to draw in or output gas.

4. The method for quickly determining the main odorous substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage module also includes a rotating frame and a first rotating motor; A plurality of the gas sample storage bottles are placed on a rotating frame, the rotating frame is provided with a first rotating motor, the first rotating motor drives the rotating frame to rotate, the rotating frame is provided with a plurality of bottle holders for fixing the gas sample storage bottles, and the plurality of bottle holders are horizontally placed on the rotating frame and are evenly arrayed around the circumference; The bottle clamp seat includes two arc-shaped clamps arranged opposite to each other. A vertically arranged abutment wall is provided on one side of the bottle clamp seat close to the center of the rotating frame. The gas sample storage bottle is horizontally clamped in the bottle clamp seat. The bottle mouth of the gas sample storage bottle placed on the rotating frame faces the outer peripheral direction, and the bottle body is surrounded and clamped by the two arc-shaped clamps.

5. The method for quickly determining main odor substances according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating frame includes a supporting shaft arranged in a vertical direction and at least one mounting disc, wherein the supporting shaft passes through the center position of the mounting disc, the supporting shaft and the mounting disc are relatively stationary, the supporting shaft is directly or indirectly driven to rotate by the first rotating motor, a plurality of bottle holders are installed on the top surface of the mounting disc, and after the gas sample storage bottle is clamped in the bottle holder, the bottle mouth protrudes outwardly from the edge of the mounting disc; Several of the bottle holders are marked with different numbers.

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