A trichogrammatid attractant and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a trichogrammatid attractant and its preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of insect attractants. It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-4 parts of oleic acid, 1-7 parts of stearic acid, 0.3-3 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 0.4-3 parts of n-tetracosane, 0.2-2 parts of palmitic acid and 0.2-2.2 parts of p-hydroxyphenylethanol. The trichogrammatid attractant provided by the present invention, wherein multiple ingredients are used together in a ratio to attract female bees for parasitism, the parasitic effect is significantly enhanced, and the parasitic rate is increased by more than 40%. The raw materials in the trichogrammatid attractant of the present invention are low in price and easy to use, and the parasitic efficiency of trichogrammatids can be improved, which is beneficial to protecting crop yield from being affected, reducing the use of pesticides and the loss of agricultural products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of insect attractants, in particular to a trichogrammatid attractant and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers has led to a series of adverse problems, such as environmental pollution and poisoning of humans and animals. With the improvement of people's living standards and the growing awareness of protecting the ecological environment, biological control methods are gaining more and more attention in the integrated pest control technology.

[0003] Trichogramma wasps, as natural enemies, are widely used in biological control of crops like rice and corn, as well as forest pests. They are the most successful egg-stage parasites in modern agricultural and forestry pest biological control. Trichogramma wasps can parasitize a wide range of host species. Most pests, especially lepidopterans, are inflicted during their larval stages. Using Trichogramma wasps can eliminate these pests in their egg stage, effectively controlling larval pests. Trichogramma are polyphagous insects with a short developmental cycle, high reproductive rates, and effective parasitic effects. Therefore, they have become a key research topic for domestic and international scholars in biological control.

[0004] At present, chemical control is the main method of integrated pest control. However, long-term reliance on chemical pesticides will increase pest resistance, which is not in line with the current green development direction of reducing pesticide use and increasing efficiency. If the compounds that attract trichogrammatids can be identified, it will be beneficial to increasing the parasitism rate of trichogrammatids and maintaining crop production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a trichogrammatid attractant and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a trichogrammatid attractant, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-4 parts of oleic acid, 1-7 parts of stearic acid, 0.3-3 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 0.4-3 parts of n-tetracosane, 0.2-2 parts of palmitic acid and 0.2-2.2 parts of p-hydroxyphenylethanol.

[0008] The second technical solution of the present invention is a method for preparing the Trichogramma attractant, which comprises mixing the components and then dissolving them in an organic solvent.

[0009] The third technical solution of the present invention is the use of the Trichogrammatid attractant in attracting Trichogrammatids.

[0010] A fourth technical solution of the present invention is a method for attracting Trichogrammatids, comprising applying the Trichogrammatid attractant to the plant that releases the Trichogrammatids or the surrounding environment, and waiting for the organic solvent to evaporate.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0012] The Trichogrammatid attractant provided by the present invention comprises multiple ingredients that are combined in a suitable ratio to attract female bees for parasitism, significantly enhancing the parasitic effect and increasing the parasitism rate by over 40%. The Trichogrammatid attractant of the present invention is inexpensive, easy to use, and can improve the parasitic efficiency of Trichogrammatids, thereby protecting crop yields and reducing pesticide use and agricultural product losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 The results of indoor tests on attractants for female Trichogrammatids are shown in Figure 1, where 1-6 represent the attractant effects of a single compound, and M represents the attractant effect of a self-prepared Trichogrammatid attractant combination. The horizontal axis represents the selectivity, and the vertical axis represents different compounds.

[0015] Figure 2 These are the results of indoor tests on attractants for female Trichogrammatids. A is a schematic diagram of the selection test, where two plants are placed in a cage, one with a control compound and the other with a treated compound. B is the parasitism rate of egg cards in the selection test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any intermediate value within a stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range is also encompassed by the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0018] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0019] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present invention. The present description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.

[0020] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0021] The technical solutions described in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional solutions in the art, and the reagents or raw materials used, unless otherwise specified, are purchased from commercial channels or are publicly available.

[0022] The embodiment of the present invention provides a trichogrammatid attractant, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-4 parts of oleic acid, 1-7 parts of stearic acid, 0.3-3 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 0.4-3 parts of n-tetracosane, 0.2-2 parts of palmitic acid and 0.2-2.2 parts of p-hydroxyphenylethanol.

[0023] In some specific embodiments, the following components are included in parts by weight: 1.9 parts of oleic acid, 3.1 parts of stearic acid, 1.6 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 1.2 parts of n-tetracosane, 1 part of palmitic acid and 1.2 parts of p-hydroxyphenylethanol.

[0024] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing the Trichogramma attractant, which comprises mixing the components and then dissolving them in an organic solvent.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, the organic solvent comprises n-hexane.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention also provides the use of the Trichogrammatid attractant in attracting Trichogrammatids.

[0027] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for attracting Trichogrammatids, comprising applying the Trichogrammatid attractant to the plant that releases the Trichogrammatids or the surrounding environment, and waiting for the organic solvent to evaporate.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, the Trichogrammatid is a female Trichogrammatid that has emerged and mated.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] On December 16, 2023, an indoor experiment on attracting female Trichogramma was conducted in the Biological Control Laboratory of Shenyang Agricultural University.

[0031] The attractant components are oleic acid, stearic acid, dioctyl phthalate, n-tetracosane, palmitic acid, and p-hydroxyphenylethanol. The purity is shown in Table 1.

[0032] Using n-hexane as the solvent, solutions of oleic acid, stearic acid, dioctyl phthalate, n-tetracosane, palmitic acid, and p-hydroxyphenylethanol were prepared at a concentration of 10 mg / mL. These solutions were used as experimental groups 1-6. 10 μL of these compound solutions were dripped onto filter paper sheets (d = 1.5 cm). After the n-hexane evaporated, indoor attraction tests were conducted on female Trichogramma wasps using a four-arm olfactometer.

[0033] The components listed in Table 1 were mixed and dissolved in n-hexane to prepare a n-hexane solution of the multi-component synergist. The total concentration of the multi-component mixture was 10 mg / mL. Each mL of the solution contained 1.9 mg of oleic acid, 3.1 mg of stearic acid, 1.6 mg of dioctyl phthalate, 1.2 mg of n-tetracosane, 1 mg of palmitic acid, and 1.2 mg of p-hydroxyphenylethanol. 10 μL of each n-hexane solution of the multi-component synergist was dripped onto a 1.5 cm filter paper sheet. After the n-hexane evaporated, the mixture was subjected to an indoor attraction test with female Trichogrammatids using a four-arm olfactometer.

[0034] Table 1 Composition of multi-component attractants

[0035]

[0036] Emerged and mated Trichogrammatids were selected for testing. The test was conducted in a closed darkroom, using a four-arm olfactometer to test the behavioral responses of Trichogrammatids. The four-arm olfactometer system consists of four arms, two diagonal arms of which served as treatments, and the other two served as controls. During the test, a female Trichogrammatid was introduced into the center release port of the four-arm olfactometer using a small glass tube, and the behavioral activities of each bee were observed for 5 minutes. When a bee crawled to any arm and stayed there for more than 10 seconds, a positive choice was recorded. For the single-bee test, after testing 10 bees, the inside of the four-arm olfactometer was wiped with alcohol to remove any residual odor left by the Trichogrammatids' activities. After drying, the four-arm olfactometer was rotated 90° to avoid directional effects. Each treatment was repeated 120 times. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0037] Table 2 Results of the luring test

[0038]

[0039] Calculation formula: Selection rate = number of selected heads / total number of heads × 100%.

[0040] All experimental data were analyzed by chi-square test. When P < 0.01, it means that the treatments used have significant differences in the attractiveness of female Trichogrammatids. The results are shown in Figure 1 After using the attractant containing the fall armyworm larvae of this example, the attraction rate of the single compound to female Trichogrammatids reached 41.7-56.7%, while the attraction effect of the combination was significantly enhanced, with an attraction rate of 84.1%.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] On February 21, 2024, an indoor experiment on attracting female Trichogramma wasps with attractants was conducted in the Biological Control Laboratory of Shenyang Agricultural University.

[0043] The attractant components are oleic acid, stearic acid, dioctyl phthalate, n-tetracosane, palmitic acid and p-hydroxyphenylethanol. The purity is shown in Table 1.

[0044] The components listed in Table 1 were mixed and dissolved in n-hexane to prepare a n-hexane solution of the multi-component synergist, thus obtaining the attractant solution. The total concentration of the multi-component mixture was 10 mg / mL, with each mL containing 1.9 mg of oleic acid, 3.1 mg of stearic acid, 1.6 mg of dioctyl phthalate, 1.2 mg of n-tetracosane, 1 mg of palmitic acid, and 1.2 mg of p-hydroxyphenylethanol. 10 μL of each n-hexane solution of the multi-component synergist was dripped onto a rubber stopper. After the n-hexane evaporated, the solution was placed on the heart leaf of a corn plant for indoor attraction testing of female Trichogrammatids.

[0045] Emerged and mated female Trichogrammatids were selected for the experiment in insect cages. Two corn plants, each containing three egg cards, were placed in the cages. One corn plant contained a rubber stopper containing a single component or combination of components, while the other contained a rubber stopper dripped with n-hexane. Fifty female Trichogrammatids were released from the release port. After 48 hours, the egg cards were retrieved and parasitism rates were assessed. Six replicates were performed for each component or combination.

[0046] Table 3 Parasitic behavior data using the components in Table 1

[0047]

[0048] All experimental data were subjected to T test, and when P < 0.01, it means that the components used have extremely significant differences in their attraction to trichogrammatids. Figure 2 .

[0049] Example 3

[0050] In this example, attractant compositions were prepared using different weight ratios: 1 part oleic acid, 3 parts stearic acid, 1.5 parts dioctyl phthalate, 1.3 parts n-tetracosane, 1.5 parts palmitic acid, and 0.8 parts p-hydroxyphenylethanol. Preparation: Mix the above ingredients and dissolve them in n-hexane to prepare a n-hexane solution of the multi-component synergist.

[0051] The multi-component synergistic attractant prepared in this example was used to test Trichogramma after emergence and mating, and the effect was similar to that of Example 2.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] In this example, attractant compositions were prepared using different weight ratios: 3 parts oleic acid, 6.5 parts stearic acid, 3 parts dioctyl phthalate, 2.6 parts n-tetracosane, 2 parts palmitic acid, and 2.2 parts p-hydroxyphenylethanol. Preparation: Mix the above ingredients and dissolve them in n-hexane to prepare a n-hexane solution of the multi-component synergist.

[0054] The multi-component synergistic attractant prepared in this example was used to test Trichogramma after emergence and mating, and the effect was similar to that of Example 2.

[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art will be able to make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trichogrammatid attractant, characterized in that The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-4 parts of oleic acid, 1-7 parts of stearic acid, 0.3-3 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 0.4-3 parts of n-tetracosane, 0.2-2 parts of palmitic acid and 0.2-2.2 parts of p-hydroxyphenylethanol.

2. The Trichogramma attractant according to claim 1, wherein The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.9 parts of oleic acid, 3.1 parts of stearic acid, 1.6 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 1.2 parts of n-tetracosane, 1 part of palmitic acid and 1.2 parts of p-hydroxyphenylethanol.

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