Closed loop mechanical system with physiological feedback

Abstract

Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure encompass a physiological monitor for monitoring a physiological parameter of a patient during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation "CPR" of the patient and a mechanical CPR device having an adjustable configuration for adjusting chest compressions to the patient during CPR of the patient. During the CPR of the patient, an exemplary CPR controller controls the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining physiological parameter monitoring of the patient by the physiological monitor at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR") devices for performing chest compressions during CPR, and more particularly to controlling a mechanical CPR device to achieve quality CPR. Background Art

[0002] Currently, chest compressions during CPR are typically performed in the following ways: (1) by human responders without feedback, (2) by human responders with feedback on the mechanics of compressions (e.g., depth, rate, recoil), and (3) by mechanical CPR devices in a fixed configuration without feedback. These types of chest compression scenarios are less than ideal for achieving CPR quality, and therefore the resuscitation community is very interested in improving CPR quality to have a better chance of saving lives. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a mechanical CPR device for performing chest compressions during CPR using physiological parameter monitoring of CPR quality, wherein the physiological parameter monitoring of CPR quality is then fed back to the mechanical CPR device in real time for use in adjusting how CPR is performed, thereby maintaining (certain) physiological parameter(s) at a level set prior to CPR or adjusted during CPR.

[0004] Exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure can be embodied as:

[0005] (1) A CPR system comprising a mechanical CPR device having an adjustable configuration for adjusting chest compressions to a patient during CPR of the patient;

[0006] (2) a CPR controller for controlling an adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device, the adjustable configuration for adjusting chest compressions to the patient during CPR of the patient; and

[0007] (3) A CPR method for adjusting chest compressions on a patient during CPR on the patient by a mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device having an adjustable configuration.

[0008] Various CPR system exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure encompass: a physiological monitor for monitoring a physiological parameter of a patient during CPR of the patient; and a mechanical CPR device having an adjustable configuration for adjusting chest compressions of the patient during CPR of the patient. Various CPR system exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure also include: a CPR controller for controlling the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining the physiological parameter monitoring of the patient by the physiological monitor at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

[0009] Various CPR controller exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure encompass: a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions for being executed by one or more processors to control an adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device, the adjustable configuration for adjusting chest compressions of the patient during CPR of the patient. The exemplary non-transitory machine-readable storage medium includes instructions for: (1) inputting physiological parameter monitoring of the patient during CPR of the patient, and (2) controlling the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining the physiological parameter monitoring of the patient at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

[0010] Various exemplary embodiments of a CPR method according to the present disclosure encompass: (1) monitoring a physiological parameter of a patient by a physiological monitor during CPR of the patient; and (2) controlling, by a CPR controller, an adjustable configuration of a mechanical CPR device based on maintaining the physiological parameter monitoring of the patient by the physiological monitor at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

[0011] According to the following detailed description of various embodiments of the present disclosure read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the aforementioned exemplary embodiments and other embodiments of the present disclosure and the various structures and advantages of the present disclosure will become further apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit it, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present disclosure will describe in detail the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0013] Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of a CPR system according to the present disclosure is illustrated;

[0014] Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a flow chart representing a CPR method according to the present disclosure; and

[0015] Figure 3 The diagram shows the Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of a CPR controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present disclosure provides real-time closed-loop physiological feedback for controlling the configuration of a mechanical CPR device to improve CPR quality.

[0017] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present disclosure, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The description of teaches exemplary embodiments of a CPR system and a CPR method according to the present disclosure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 With the description of the present disclosure, a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize how to apply the present disclosure to make and use additional embodiments of CPR systems and CPR methods according to the present disclosure.

[0018] refer to Figure 1 , an exemplary CPR system 10 of the present disclosure employs a physiological monitor 20 , a CPR controller 30 , and a mechanical CPR device 40 .

[0019] For purposes of describing and claiming the present disclosure, the term "physiological monitor" broadly encompasses any monitor for monitoring one or more physiological parameters (e.g., blood flow / rate) as known in the art of the present disclosure or contemplated below, the term "controller" broadly encompasses any type of controller for controlling the operation of other devices as known in the art of the present disclosure or contemplated below, and the term "mechanical CPR device" is a term in the art of the present disclosure.

[0020] Non-limiting examples of physiological monitors 20 include ultrasonic CPR devices, pulse oximeters, end-tidal CO2 sensors, blood pressure sensors, near infrared spectrometers, photoplethysmographic sensors, any type of vital sign sensor, and any combination of the devices described.

[0021] In practice, according to certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanical CPR device 20 has an adjustable configuration (e.g., an adjustable compression depth, an adjustable compression rate, and / or an adjustable compression position) for adjusting chest compressions to the patient during CPR to the patient, and the CPR controller 30 controls the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device 40 based on maintaining the physiological parameters of the patient monitored by the physiological monitor at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient set before CPR or adjusted during CPR.

[0022] To this end, for example, the present disclosure functionally relates physiological feedback to the configuration of the mechanical CPR device 40 according to the following exemplary formula [1]:

[0023]

[0024] in, represents the estimated physiological condition in the nth time slot (the next time slot), y i represents the depth and position with respect to the time planned for the ith time slot since the start of the proposed system, x i represents the actual physiological condition (e.g., blood flow velocity or oxygenation condition in the blood) of the i-th time slot collected as feedback by the physiological monitor 20, and θ represents the static information of the patient (age, gender, weight, etiology, etc.). Note that the current time point is the end of the (n-1)-th time slot, and the n-th time slot is the next time slot to be planned.

[0025] The exemplary model can be converted into a second exemplary model according to the following exemplary formula [2]:

[0026] y n =g(X;y1,y2,…,y n-1 ,x1,x2,…,x n-1 ,θ)[2]

[0027] Where X is the desired level of the physiological parameter(s) being monitored by the physiological monitor 20. The value(s) of X can be set in advance (pre-) and / or can be set by a health care provider according to certain predefined settings and other parameters and / or can be set and / or adjusted to different values ​​for different patients. Given the historical configuration, historical physiological feedback, and static information of the patient, the exemplary model will generate y n As the next time slot is configured so as to achieve the desired level of the physiological parameter monitored by the physiological monitor 20.

[0028] Note that y i It should be limited by certain constraints to prevent unnecessary harm to the patient, for example, depth <= 8 cm (can vary for each patient).

[0029] Transform example formula [2] into a next step configuration of depth / position for instructions of mechanical CPR device 40. This can be expressed as example formula [3]:

[0030] z n =h(y n ; S n-1 )[3]

[0031] Among them, y n represents the predicted next step configuration, S n-1 represents the current state of the mechanical system, and z n Indicates the next step of mechanical instructions.

[0032] In practice, according to certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing prediction model may be constructed as four (4) stages. Exemplary Stage 1 involves the collection and curation of a training data set for model g, which is collected during normal use of the mechanical CPR device 40 and the physiological monitor 20 (without a closed-loop system) during CPR. Exemplary Stage 2 involves training the regression of the model. Exemplary Stage 3 involves using the regression model to guide the closed-loop system to perform CPR on a person via clinical information. Exemplary Stage 4 involves manual review and correction of the method based on data collected from the clinical information.

[0033] Figure 2 An exemplary flowchart 100 representing a CPR method for adjusting chest compressions to a patient during CPR to the patient by a mechanical CPR device 40 having an adjustable configuration is illustrated in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, before CPR begins, the physiological monitor 20 is attached to the patient, the mechanical CPR device 40 is placed on the patient, and static information and baseline physiological parameter levels of the patient are input into the CPR controller 30. Thereafter, CPR is initiated and the flowchart 100 is initiated to maintain the baseline physiological parameter levels set before CPR or adjusted during CPR.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , stage S102 of the exemplary flowchart 100 encompasses: the physiological monitor 20 transmits the physiological parameter monitoring to the CPR controller 30, and stage S104 of the flowchart 100 encompasses: the configuration module 31 of the CPR controller 30 runs the exemplary formula [2] to determine the next step (interval) configuration of the mechanical CPR device 40, and the instruction module 32 of the CPR controller 30 runs the exemplary formula [3] to determine the next step (interval) instruction to the mechanical CPR device 40, thereby adjusting the configuration of the mechanical CPR device 40 as needed to maintain the baseline physiological parameter level. More specifically, if the physiological monitoring is equal to the baseline physiological parameter level, the next next step (interval) instruction to the mechanical CPR device 40 will not adjust the configuration of the mechanical CPR device 40, and if the physiological monitoring is close to the baseline physiological parameter level, the next next step (interval) instruction to the mechanical CPR device 40 will adjust the configuration of the mechanical CPR device 40.

[0035] Exemplary stages S102 and S104 are cycled through until CPR is complete.

[0036] In order to further understand the content of this disclosure, Figure 3 The following description teaches an exemplary embodiment of a CPR controller according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 With the description of the present disclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize how to apply the present disclosure to make and use additional embodiments of a CPR controller according to the present disclosure.

[0037] refer to Figure 3 , shows an exemplary embodiment of a CPR feedback controller 130, which includes: one or more processors 131, a memory 132, a user interface 133, a network interface 134, and a storage device 135, which are interconnected via one or more system buses 136.

[0038] Each processor 131 can be any hardware device capable of executing instructions stored in the memory 132 or storage device or otherwise processing data as known in the art of the present disclosure or contemplated below. In a non-limiting example, the processor(s) 131 can include: a microprocessor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other similar device.

[0039] The memory 132 can include various memories as known in the art of the present disclosure or contemplated below, including (but not limited to) L1, L2 or L3 cache or system memory. In non-limiting examples, the memory 132 can include static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), or other similar memory devices.

[0040] The user interface 133 can include one or more devices for enabling communication with users such as administrators as known in the art of the present disclosure or contemplated below. In a non-limiting example, the user interface can include a command line interface or a graphical user interface that can be presented to a remote terminal via the network interface 134.

[0041] The network interface 134 can include one or more devices for enabling communication of other components of the medical device as known in the art of the present disclosure or contemplated below. In a non-limiting example, the network interface 134 can include a network interface card (NIC) configured to communicate according to the Ethernet protocol. In addition, the network interface 134 can implement a TCP / IP stack for communication according to the TCP / IP protocol. Various alternative or additional hardware or configurations for the network interface 134 will be apparent.

[0042] The storage device 135 can include one or more machine-readable storage media as known in the art of the present disclosure or contemplated below, including but not limited to read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, or similar storage media. In various non-limiting embodiments, the storage device 135 can store instructions for execution by the processor(s) 131 or data that can be operated by the processor(s) 131. For example, the storage device 135 can store a basic operating system for controlling various basic operations of the hardware.

[0043] The storage device 135 can also store executable software / firmware for implementing the Figure 2 In an exemplary embodiment as shown in the figure, the storage device 135 also stores an application 137, which includes a configuration subroutine 138 and an instruction subroutine 139 for implementing an exemplary embodiment of stage S104 of the flowchart 100.

[0044] The present disclosure has been described with reference to preferred embodiments. Modifications and alterations may occur to others upon reading and understanding the foregoing detailed description. The invention is intended to be construed as including all such modifications and alterations as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents.

[0045] In addition, it should be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that, in view of the teachings provided herein, the features, elements, components, etc. disclosed and described in the present disclosure / specification and / or depicted in the drawings and / or recorded in the claims can be implemented in various combinations of hardware and software, and provide functions that can be combined in a single element or multiple elements. For example, the functions of the various features, elements, components, etc. shown / illustrated / depicted in the drawings and / or recorded in the claims can be provided by using dedicated hardware and hardware that can run software in association with appropriate software. When these functions are provided by a processor, these functions can be provided by a single dedicated processor, a single shared processor, or multiple individual processors (some of which can be shared and / or reused). In addition, the explicit use of the term "processor" or "controller" should not be interpreted as exclusively referring to hardware capable of running software, and can implicitly include, but is not limited to, digital signal processor ("DSP") hardware, memory for storing software (e.g., read-only memory ("ROM"), random access memory ("RAM"), non-volatile storage devices, etc.), and substantially any unit and / or machine (including hardware, software, firmware, combinations thereof, etc.) that can (and / or can be configured to) execute and / or control a process.

[0046] In addition, all statements of the principles, aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and their specific examples recorded herein are intended to cover their structural and functional equivalents. In addition, such equivalents are intended to include currently known equivalents and equivalents developed in the future (e.g., any element developed that can perform the same or substantially similar function, regardless of the structure). Therefore, for example, in view of the teachings provided herein, a person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any block diagram presented herein can represent a conceptual diagram of an illustrative system component and / or circuit that embodies the principles of the present invention. Similarly, in view of the teachings provided herein, a person of ordinary skill in the art should appreciate that any flow chart, flow chart, etc. can represent various processes that can be basically represented in a computer-readable storage medium and therefore run by a computer, processor or other device with processing power, regardless of whether such a computer or processor is explicitly shown.

[0047] Having described the preferred embodiments and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which are intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive, it should be noted that modifications and variations can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings provided herein (including the drawings and claims). Therefore, it should be understood that changes can be made to the preferred embodiments and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which changes are within the scope of the present disclosure and the exemplary embodiments disclosed, described and taught herein.

[0048] In addition, it is contemplated that: corresponding and / or related systems that incorporate and / or implement the apparatus according to the present disclosure or that can be used / implemented in the apparatus according to the present disclosure, for example, are also contemplated and considered to be within the scope of the present invention. In addition, corresponding and / or related methods for making and / or using the apparatus and / or system according to the present disclosure are also contemplated and considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) system comprising: a physiological monitor configured to monitor a physiological parameter of a patient during CPR of the patient; a mechanical CPR device having an adjustable configuration for adjusting chest compressions to the patient during CPR to the patient; and A CPR controller is configured to control the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining a physiological parameter of the patient monitored by the physiological monitor at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

2. The CPR system of claim 1, wherein: The adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device includes at least one of: an adjustable compression depth, an adjustable compression rate, or an adjustable compression location.

3. The CPR system of claim 1, wherein: The CPR controller is configured to control the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device including: The CPR controller is configured to intermittently transmit mechanical instructions to the mechanical CPR device, each mechanical instruction having information regarding a next interval adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device derived from current interval physiological parameter monitoring of the patient by the physiological monitor.

4. The CPR system of claim 1, wherein: The CPR controller is configured to control the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device including: The CPR controller is configured to implement a functional relationship between the monitoring of the physiological parameter of the patient by the physiological monitor and the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device.

5. The CPR system of claim 1, wherein: The CPR controller is configured to control the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device as a function of at least one of: a historically adjustable configuration of said mechanical CPR device during said CPR on said patient; monitoring, by the physiological monitor, historical patient physiological parameters of the patient during the CPR of the patient; personalizing said baseline physiological parameter level for said patient; or Static information of the patient.

6. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) controller, comprising: A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions for execution by at least one processor to control an adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device, the adjustable configuration for adjusting chest compressions to a patient during CPR to the patient, the non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising instructions for: inputting physiological parameter monitoring of the patient during CPR of the patient; as well as The adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device is controlled based on maintaining the physiological parameter monitoring of the patient at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

7. The CPR controller according to claim 6, wherein: The adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device includes at least one of: an adjustable compression depth, an adjustable compression rate, or an adjustable compression location.

8. The CPR controller of claim 6, wherein the instructions for controlling the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device include instructions for: Mechanical instructions are intermittently transmitted to the mechanical CPR device, each mechanical instruction having information regarding a next interval adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device derived from current interval physiological parameter monitoring of the patient by the physiological monitor.

9. The CPR controller of claim 6, wherein the instructions for controlling the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device include instructions for: A functional relationship is implemented between monitoring of the physiological parameter of the patient by the physiological monitor and the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device.

10. The CPR controller according to claim 6, wherein: The instructions for controlling the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device are a function of at least one of: a historically adjustable configuration of said mechanical CPR device during said CPR on said patient; monitoring, by the physiological monitor, historical patient physiological parameters of the patient during the CPR of the patient; personalizing said baseline physiological parameter level for said patient; or Static information of the patient.

11. A method for adjusting chest compressions to a patient during CPR by a mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device having an adjustable configuration, the CPR method comprising: monitoring a physiological parameter of the patient during CPR of the patient by a physiological monitor; and The adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device is controlled by a CPR controller based on maintaining a physiological parameter of the patient monitored by the physiological monitor at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

12. The CPR method according to claim 11, wherein: The adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device includes at least one of: an adjustable compression depth, an adjustable compression rate, or an adjustable compression location.

13. The CPR method according to claim 11, wherein: The adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device controlled by the CPR controller comprises: Mechanical instructions are intermittently transmitted by the CPR controller to the mechanical CPR device, each mechanical instruction having information regarding a next interval adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device derived from current interval physiological parameter monitoring of the patient by the physiological monitor.

14. The CPR method according to claim 11, wherein: The adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device controlled by the CPR controller comprises: Functional linkage of the monitoring of the physiological parameter of the patient by the physiological monitor and the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device is implemented by the CPR controller.

15. The CPR method according to claim 11, wherein: Controlling the adjustable configuration of the mechanical CPR device by the CPR controller is a function of at least one of: a historically adjustable configuration of said mechanical CPR device during said CPR on said patient; monitoring, by the physiological monitor, historical patient physiological parameters of the patient during the CPR of the patient; personalizing said baseline physiological parameter level for said patient; or Static information of the patient.

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